>> in the average man's life there are two or three emotional experiences burned into his heart and his brain. no matter what happens to me, i'll remember november 22 as long as i live. >> there has been an attempt on the life of president kennedy. >> they are combing the floors of the texas book depository building to find these assassins. >> mr. president -- >> i'm just a patsy. >> oswald has been shot at point-blank range fired into his stomach. >> police are working on the assumption that oswald's murder was to shut him up.

>> elements of a central intelligence agency killed john kennedy. >> the story has been suppressed, witnesses have been killed, we have a right to know who killed our president and why he died.

>> in dallas, preparations were already under way for extraordinary police protection when the president should arrive. >> do you anticipate any trouble on the president's arrival? >> because of what has happened here previous ly we would be foolish not to anticipate some trouble really i don't anticipate any violence. >> here comes air force number one, the president's plane now touching down. and mrs. kennedy and the crowd yells and the president of the united states. and i can see his sun tan all the way from here. >> looking at how things actually went. it wasn't just a trip to dallas.

it was a political trip preparing for the 1964 elections. >> shaking hands now with the dallas people, governor and mrs. connolly. governor connolly on your left. >> it was whether kennedy could use his charisma and influence to get the squabbling democras s in texas to come together before next year. >> here comes the president now. he's not in his limousine. he is reaching across the fence shaking hands. >> in those days, everybody could get closer to the president. i saw a hand reach through the chain link fence and break off one of the red roses. >> thousands of children swarming, try to get over the fence. the dallas police trying to keep them back. >> this is great for the people and makes the egg shells even thinner for the secret service, whose job it was to guard the man.

>> the trip had gone terrifically well in texas. pretty hard to write a script for it going any better. >> thousands will be on hand for that motorcade now, which will be in downtown dallas. >> a number of my classmates were gone, they were at the parade. my father had been invited to have lunch with kennedy at the trade center. there was a mood, a climate of excitement. >> the speech of president kennedy at the dallas trade mart will be broadcast by radio. stay tuned for the dallas speech at the trade mart. on 570 radio. ♪ ♪ find me a boss man one that will treat me right ♪ ♪ work hard in the daytime rest easy at night ♪ ♪ big boss man won't you hear me when i call ♪ ♪ yeah big boss man won't you hear me when i call ♪ ♪ well you ain't so big you just tall and that's all ♪

>> this bulletin just into the news terminal. date line dallas, three shots were fired in the motorcade of president kennedy today in downtown dallas. >> police radios are carrying that the president has been hit. >> parkland hospital has been advised to stand by for a severe gunshot wound. >> this is walter cronkite, in our newsroom. and -- there has been an attempt on the life of president kennedy. >> just turn the mic on. i can't hear you, johnny. what do you want? you want me to move back a little bit. is it all right now? is this all right? ladies and gentlemen, i would like to introduce to you the chief cameraman. and assistant fuse director of

wfaa news television. this is bertshipp. bert, we have brought people up to date. would you tell us exactly what you know as of this point? >> well, i was standing at the trade mart, waiting for his arrival there. all of a sudden we saw them approaching, they didn't slow down, as a matter of fact, they were going 70, 80 miles an hour past us. and then i jumped into a police car and went to parkland. the these. >> these two men come running in and one of them had a large machine gun and they was hollering for stretchers and cots and everything. and the governor, they brought him first. >> what happened next? >> then the president came in behind him and they took both of them back -- >> albert thomas, democrat of texas is standing outside the corridor of the emergency room said he's been told the president was still alive but in very critical condition. >> the president has not arrived here. a group of secret service men and other officials is gathered

where the president normally would enter and discussing heatedly with one another some subject or other. of course we have no idea what. >> here's an announcement from the platform, mr. eric johnson with an announcement. >> it is true that our presid t president, governor connolly, the motorcade have been shot. we shall tell you as much as we know as soon as we know anything. we let you compare our progressive direct rate... great deals for reals! ...and our competitors' rates side-by-side, so you know you're getting a great deal. saving the moolah. [ chuckles ] as you can see, sometimes progressive isn't the lowest. not always the lowest! jamie. what are you doing? -i'm being your hype man. not right now. you said i was gonna be the hype man. no, we said we wouldn't do it. i'm sorry, we were talking about savings. i liked his way. cha-ching! talking about getting that moneeeey!

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our studio that i am meeting for the first time, this is wfae tv in texas. may i have your name, sir? >> my name is abraham zapruder. >> would you tell us your story, please, sir? >> i got out and about a half hour earlier getting a good shot to shoot some pictures. >> a five-year-old boy and myself were by ourselves on the grass on commerce street and i asked joe to wave to him and joe waved and i waved and the man -- the man -- >> that's all right, sir. . >> as he was waving back, the shot slumped down. >> then governor connolly grabbed his stomach and laid over to the side. and another one it was also -- and president kennedy looked like he grabbed his ear and blood started gushing out. >> did you see the person who fired? >> no, i didn't see any person fire the weapon.

>> you only heard it? >> i only heard it and i looked up and saw a man running up this hill. >> if it's a conspiracy, not only the president was hit, the governor was hit, who knows if the next shot would have been for lyndon johnson? johnson's car pulls into the emergency bay at parkland hospital, four agents reach in, grab j grab johnson and pull him out and start to run him down a corridor looking for a safe place. >> mr. johnson, his whereabouts are being kept secret for security reasons. if anyone knows where he is, it is not us at this moment. >> there was a moment in our cultural history, it occurred the right thing to do was turn on television. >> reports come in but in a confused and fragmentary fashion. >> president kennedy has been given a blood transfusion at parkland hospital in dallas in an effort to save his life. >> it was odd. there were no commercials.

just a continuous experience. >> two priests have entered the emergency room at parkland hospital where he rests after the assassination attempt which was about an hour ago. >> what are your feelings right now, ma'am? >> i'm absolutely shocked. stunned. we have the same birthday. i am just crazy about him. >> who would want to shoot the president? what did he do? i mean, he has been doing so much for the country. someone goes ahead and shoots him. >> a flash from dallas, two priests who were with president kennedy say he is dead of bullet wounds. this is the latest information we have from dallas. i will repeat with the greatest regret two priests who were with president kennedy say he has died of bullet wounds. >> the assistant press secretary was filling in for the regular press secretary.

and then he had to draw himself up to give the most fateful announcement that a press secretary might have ever had to give. is i >> all the cameras were rolling and i remember he put his fingers like this on the desk and pressed very hard to stop his hands trembling. >> john f. kennedy died at approximately 1:00 central standard time. today here in dallas he died of a gunshot wound in the brain. i have no other details regarding the assassination of the president. >> the people standing here are stunned just as all of us are beyond belief.

that the president of the united states is dead. >> all over the world people are going to remember all their lives what they were doing when they first heard that president kennedy had been killed. >> the crowds are standing around in silence and sorrow in the rain. the strange thing is you don't even notice it is raining. and if you do notice you don't care. >> i just can't believe it. i feel like someone in my own family has died. i just can't believe it. >> ma'am? >> i can't -- like a daze, you don't know what is going on. why? why did it happen? who would have done such a thing. >> in the first minutes and hours, chaos and confusion was radiating out from the scene itself. it was very pervasive.

>> the secret service agents thought the gunfire came from an automatic weapon fired possibly from a grassy knoll. >> i saw some police run up the grassy surface, i thought, they're chasing a gunman. i ran with him. >> the report is that the attempted assassin, we now hear it was a man and a woman. >> i got to the top, looked around. a policeman went over the fence so i went over the fence too. there was nothing there. >> a television newsman said he looked up just after the shot was fired and saw a rifle being withdrawn from a fifth or sixth floor window. >> it was originally thought that the shots came from here, and now it is believed the shots came from this building here. >> the police officers are running back to the texas school depository building. they are going to continue searching in that building for the would-be assassin of the president. >> down town dallas is in a virtual state of siege. they are combing the floors of

the texas book depository building in an effort to find the suspected assassin. >> in the building on the sixth floor we found an area near an area that had been partially blocked off by boxes of books and also the three spent shells that had apparently been fired from a rifle. >> crime lab lieutenant jc dade just came out of that building with a british .303 rifle. >> it was a 7.65 mauser. >> a high-powered army or japanese rifle, a .25-caliber. >> a .3030 rifle. >> much of the first things you hear are going to be wrong and to some degree you were constantly trying to separate out what seemed to be a fact. >> in dallas, just a short while ago, a police officer was shot. and killed while chasing a suspect. >> j.d. tippet, a good experienced police officer was shot three times in the chest in the oak cliff section of dallas.

then the manager of a shoe store saw the suspect walk into the texas theater. >> someone has been arrested in one of the downtown theaters. they don't know if it was the person who shot the policeman or the person who actually shot president kennedy. >> the police suddenly jumped this man and started to drag him out of the theater. hustled him out to the car. as the crowd broke and started to grab this man and tried to run with him. they shouted "murderer" and the officers hustled him into the car and ran away just as fast as they could. >> as we mentioned a short while ago a number of arrests have been made in dallas in the wake of president kennedy's death. we have scenes of one of those arrests in the downtown area. this is just after a dallas policeman was shot in the vicinity of a downtown movie house. >> paul bentley. >> how did you approach him? >> i approached him and as he approached him, the man hit

mcdonald in the face. and as he reached for his pistol i grabbed him along with two or three other officers. >> what did he say after he was arrested? >> he just said this is it. it is all over with now. energy is a complex challenge. people want power. and power plants account for more than a third of energy-related carbon emissions. the challenge is to capture the emissions before they're released into the atmosphere. exxonmobil is a leader in carbon capture. our team is working to make this technology better, more affordable so it can reduce emissions around the world. that's what we're working on right now. ♪ energy lives here.

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this is a picture of him. he probably does not look exactly like this now after he has been questioned. that's lee oswald. >> the president was shot. and a police officer is shot. and someone named lee harvey oswald is arrested.

oswald may be a suspect in the assassination. who is he? >> lee oswald of dallas, a former marine who spent some time in russia who at one time had applied for soviet citizenship. >> the description that we had of the suspect in oak cliff was similar to the description we had and the man we were looking for as the assassin. but at that time we had not been able to connect it to him in any way. >> down in the third floor corridor, a crowd of cameramen reporters wait for the possibility to see the man accused of killing the president and a dallas police officer. >> now, apparently a great deal of confusion. mr. oswald is put through the door. i don't know if you saw him, oswald lives at 1026 meckley. he is an employee of a book-binding firm in the

building which the police and secret service men believe he was shot today. >> mrs. kennedy accompanied the body in an ambulance to the airport where it will be flown back to washington. >> they wanted everyone out of the emergency room on the first floor there and they came out and told us that we would have to help remove the remains into a casket. >> lyndon johnson ordered that body be brought immediately to air force one. so there was a little tug of war. they almost shook the crucifix off the top of the coffin as they were trying to get him into the hearse from the hospital. >>. >> took him out and put him into the hearse and one of the secret service men -- well, about two or three of them got into the hearse and just drove off and left mr. o'neil and the rest of us just standing there.

>> vice president johnson is expected to be sworn in as president aboard an airliner before flying back to the nation's capital. >> not everyone realized that johnson was already the president, because he in fact had taken the oath in january '61, the same oath the president takes. >> johnson wanted to show the american people that the government was functioning without interruption. and also perhaps he wanted to show that his predecessor's family bore him no ill will for the assassination. >> lyndon johnson is flying back to washington to take the reins of government, at which time president johnson will have to take into his hands the reins of the most powerful nation in the world. >> we see november 22nd, 1963 as a date the president was killed. but it was also a date when the president was created.

>> is there any doubt in your mind chief that oswald is the man that killed the president? >> i think this is the man that killed the president, yes, sir. >> is there any evidence any one else may have been linked with oswald in this shooting. >> at this time we don't believe so. >> i don't know what this is all about. >> did you kill the president? >> no, sir, i didn't. >> sir? >> did you shoot the president? >> i work in that building. >> were you in that building at the time? >> naturally if i work in that building, yes, sir. >> back up, man. >> they've taken me in because of the fact that i lived in the -- >> did you shoot the? >> i'm just a patsy. >> this is room 317 homicide bureau at the dallas police station. as you see, they are bringing the weapon allegedly used in the assassination of president john

f. kennedy this afternoon at 12:30 here in dallas. >> 6.5 made in italy in 1940. >> police have traced a rifle purchased in chicago by mail order to oswald. he bought it under the alias, of a. heidel. handwriting analysts have confirmed that the handwriting on the purchase order was in fact made by oswald. the price of $12.78, the life of the president of the united states apparently was bought. >> in the wake of the kennedy assassination, the dallas police on the one hand were committing all of their resources to try and solve a crime. >> move in the doorway, get him in the doorway. >> on the other hand they were ill equipped to handle this tsunami of reporters. >> well, i was questioned by a judge, but i protested at that

time that i was not allowed legal representation. >> in bringing oswald out, they were of course doing something that you would never see happen today, but they were trying to cooperate with the press, with the understanding that there would not be questions shouted to him. >> did you kill the president? >> no, i have not been charged with that. in fact, nobody has said that to me yet. the first thing i heard about it was when the newspaper reporters in the hall asked me that question. >> you have been charged. >> sir? >> you have been charged? >> nobody said what? >> okay. >> what did you do in russia? >> oswald. >> how did you hurt your eye? >> a policeman hit me. >> at 1:35 this morning, a complaint was read. it charged that quote, lee harvey oswald did voluntarily and with malice aforethought kill john f. kennedy by shooting

him with a gun end quote following the reading of the complaint, oswald said, that's ridiculous. >> within hours of the assassination, it was very obvious to virtually everyone in dallas law enforcement that oswald had killed kennedy. >> chief, can you tell us in summery what directly links oswald to the killing of the president? >> well, the fact that he was on the floor where the shots were fired from immediately before the shots were fired. the fact he was seen carrying a package to the building, the fact that -- >> when was he carrying that package? >> yesterday morning. >> after the shooting, oswald was the only employee at the book depository that fled the building. 45 minutes later he shoots and kills officer j.d. tippit. half hour later at the texas theater he resisted arrest by pulling his gun on the arresting officer.

during 12 hours of interrogation, the dallas police department over the weekend, he told one provable lie after another. >> did you buy that rifle? >> that's the facts you people have been given but i emphatically deny these charges. >> within a day or so thereafter when they discovered what a complete nut this guy was, they were satisfied beyond all reasonable doubt that oswald had acted alone. >> there's only one thing i can tell you without going into the evidence that this case is cinched, that this man killed the president. there is no question in my mind about it. >> we plan to transfer this man, not tonight, he will be here by no later than 10:00 in the morning. why, it will -- that will be early enough for him. >> chief, do you have any concern for the safety of your prisonier in view of the high feeling of the people in dallas

over the assassination of the president? >> no, but cautions will be taken, of course. but i don't they the people will try to take the prisoner away from us. ♪ if you have moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, isn't it time to let the real you shine through? introducing otezla (apremilast). otezla is not an injection or a cream. it's a pill that treats plaque psoriasis differently. with otezla, 75% clearer skin is achievable after just 4 months, with reduced redness, thickness,

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>> lee oswald is to be taken soon to the county jail. >> that's true. >> and you are going to take him there how, sir? >> we are going to use an armored motor vehicle to take him. >> dallas police meant to transfer lee into the regular prison during the night to avoid the press, and then someone must have overruled them so that lee could be photographed by the press during the transfer. >> we're standing by waiting the transfer of oswald from city jail to county jail and for that report, here is abc's bill lord at the city jail. bill, what is the situation? >> i'm presently in the basement of the dallas municipal building and it's like an armed camp. police officials are frankly worried. they don't want anything to happen to oswald. >> it is through this corridor of newsmen, photographers and policemen that lee oswald will

be brought to a vehicle for transfer to the dallas county jail, a distance of about 15 blocks, which ironically is just across from the scene where president kennedy was assassinated on friday. >> anticipation has built up here in downtown dallas in front of the county jail. they are waiting for a glimpse of lee oswald. >> there he is. here he comes. >> now the prisoner wearing a white sweater, he's changed from a t-shirt. >> let me have it. i want it. >> being led out by captain fritz. >> there is lee. he's been shot. he's been shot. lee oswald has been shot. there is a man with a gun. it's absolute panic. absolute panic here in the basement of the dallas police headquarters.

detectives have their guns drawn. there is no question about it. oswald has been shot at point blank range fired into his stomach. >> he's shot. he is shot. oswald -- >> it is oswald. >> did he shoot the man? >> or do you know? >> that's the man that shot the man. >> immediately after the shooting, our only witnesses that we could talk to were other reporters. >> where did he go pierre? >> he was here. they just put the gun there. i saw the flash on the black sweater. >> did you see the gun to his stomach? >> i saw right here. he was in a group of men right here. >> masquerading as one of us or what? >> i thought it was one of the detective. he had a hat. >> the situation is now that lee harold oswald has been shot. the man who saw the shot fired said it was fired by a man wearing a black hat, a brown coat, a man that everyone down here thought was a secret service agent.

we can hear sirens outside and ambulance apparently is moving down now into the basement. here comes the ambulance. and oswald will be removed now. the ambulance is being pulled up in front of us here. here comes oswald, he's -- he is ashen and unconscious at this time, now being moved in. he is not moving. he's in the ambulance now. attendants, police are quickly moving in. the ambulance is leaving dallas police headquarters. where will he be taken? >> i'm assuming parkland hospital. >> parkland hospital. ironies of ironies, the place where john f. kennedy died. >> roll. >> i believe the man -- >> don't take the microphone.

keep your head up. let's start again. what is your reaction to the shooting of oswald? >> well, i think it's a deplorable situation. the man is entitled to a fair trial. >> they should give him a fair trial because killing him just like that ain't nothing. because that ain't going to bring president kennedy back to life. >> and after they get a trial they should let him out on the street and let the people kill him. >> they should not only shoot him but cut him up in the pieces. >> put him everywhere in the fire and set it up and for a next day and the next day start again. >> thank you. >> the man that i believe i didn't see it. i think it's the man. >> you got him? what does he look like? >> i can't give you a description now. he is known locally. >> immediately after the ambulance left, somehow i begun to suspect that maybe the shooter was someone who was known to the police. >> do you know this subject? do you know him? have you seen him before? >> yes, i do.

>> is he from dallas? >> yes. >> he is -- >> i couldn't tell you. >> do you know what kind of business he happens to be in? >> bob, i wouldn't want to say. >> right. >> dallas city hall is normally a public building, but today it was really under armed guard. >> we -- is this a confirmed report as to who did the shooting? >> as far as i know. >> vic robertson from city hall hall reports that jack ruby, the owner of the carousal, which is a bar in dallas did the shooting. >> my statement will be very brief. oswald expired at 1:07 p.m. >> he died? >> he died at 1:07 p.m.

we have arrested the man. the man will be charged with murder. >> who is he? >> the man -- the suspect's name is jack rubenstein, i believe. he goes by the name of jack ruby. >> and here at associated press, a still picture of the moment, the splint second as the shot was fired. this is the man dallas police have identified as jack rubenstein and this of course is lee harvey oswald. you see the gun in the hand of ruby and just about to be fired. >> i know my own feelings were and i think they were widely shared by many, if not most americans. this can't be coincidental. the assassin is assassinated in the police station. what in the hell is going on? >> just learned from city hall from an authoritative source, that police are working on the

assumption that there, indeed, a connection between jack ruby and lee oswald. and that in some manner of speaking, oswald's murder was to shut him up. >> captain fritz has just told me that ruby said he did it, that it was his gun and that he had built up a tremendous grievance over the death of the president. >> in jack ruby's small mind, he thought he would be a hero. he killed the guy who killed the president. >> i commend what he did. i think he ought to win the congressional honor for it and a lot of other good american citizens think he did the right thing in shooting down this communist. >> word also in just now from dallas that homicide chief captain will fritz has now said that the case of president kennedy's assassination is closed with the death of oswald. it may not be the opinion of the secret service or the federal bureau of investigation.

our nation is bereaved. the whole world is poorer

our nation is bereaved. the whole world is poorer because of his loss but we can all be better americans because john fitzgerald kennedy has passed our way. because he has been our chosen leader at a time in history when his character, his vision and his quiet courage have enabled him to chart a course for us, a safe course for us through the shoals of treacherous seas that encompass the world. and now that he is relieved of the almost superhuman burden we imposed on him, may he rest in

peace. ♪ dallas today had even more to mourn. it held funeral services for one of its own who was a victim of friday's tragedy. officer j.d. tippit. >> it was a funeral of a very different sort today in nearby fort worth. it was the funeral of lee harvey oswald. alleged murderer of president kennedy. the pathetic group of mourners included oswald's mother marguerite, his wife marina, his brother roberts and oswald's two children, one of them a babe in arms.

the six pallbearers you see here are newsmen. there were not enough relatives or friends on hand to serve as paler beers. >> now there is a new flag of the president of the united states flying in the white house. in president kennedy's old oval office, mrs. evelyn lincoln, his secretary and her aids removed every scrap, every vestige of the signs of the personal touches of president kennedy. >> we know from history that one test of society is how do they handle the transfer of power at the top? lyndon johnson, whatever you thought of him, a lot of people disliked him greatly, some hated him would be the president of the united states. i think it shouted about the strength of the country and that we swear by the rule of law. >> the president of the united states. [ applause ]

>> my fellow americans, all i my fellow americans, all i have i would have given gladly not to be standing here today. >> johnson knows he has to show the country that the they're sailing on and at the same time he has to keep the kennedy people on board. so that speech means everything. >> no words are stronger now to express our determination to

continue the forward thrust of america that he began. >> the people of europe just cannot believe that a loan avenger made his way into a police station and killed the most celebrated and infamous killer in the united states. >> one of the most important things that happened after oswald's murder was we were forever denied the why. people believed he did it. the question was why? >> there are questions continuing to come up about the possibility of an international plot. >> there's still all this tlaut that the russians might be behind it. johnson sees it as a real danger. you want to put these rumors to

rest. >> all the facts of these last four days may not be limited to the state of texas or the fbi. some congressman have already suggested a congressional investigation. >> killing a president wasn't a federal crime at the time. so you had the federal government intervening and still it was a local murder. there was a concern of competing investigations. there was the state of court of inquiry and the fbi had been given a job to conduct a full scale investigation. >> johnson realizes something has to be done. he realizes he has to appoint a body that the public will respect to look into this. >> i've got to have a top blue ribbon presidential commission to investigate this assassination. i want to ask justice warren and

the chairman. >> he has one public governmental official universally respected for his integrity and it's the chief justs of the supreme court, earl warren. if there's one person in congress that everyone respects it's richard russell of georgia. he has to get them both on the commission. russia is a segregationest through and through and despies warren for the decisions he made on the court. >> they would be satisfying 90% of public opinion they thought. >> i couldn't tell you it was chief justice warren. i don't like that man. you can serve anybody for the good of america and you're going to do it. i can't arrest you and i'm not going to put the fbi on you but

you're sure going to serve. >> linden johnson is the greatest salesman one on one that ever lived. so he meets first with warren and says if i asked you do put on your uniform and fight for america you'd do it. i'm asking you to fight for america in a different way. then he has to get richard russell. >> mr. president, please. >> no it's already been announced. yes, it's already in the papers and you're on it. >> i think you did wrong getting warren and i know you did dang wrong getting me. >> that's what you do. that's the kind of american that you are. if you're searching other travel sites to find a better price... ...stop clicking around... the lowest prices on our hotels are always at hilton.com. so pay less and get more only at hilton.com.

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produced by nbc news which is solely responsible for its content. >> the warren commission will report on the murder. it has said nothing about how it will proceed or when. the fbi is investigating every lead it can find and will turn its report over to president johnson probably this week. >> it was the fbi's hope that its report would be, if not the final word, the semifinal word and the commission's job would be to read it and endorse the findings of the report. >> the members of the warren commission, earl warren, john sherman cooper, jerry ford, hail

bogs. richard russell and john j. mccloi had their initial meeting that they had to do an independent investigation. they didn't want to be a stamp for the fbi or the secret service. >> there are three issues the commission had to grapple with. did oswald commit the physical act of the murder? and if he did, did he have forces behind him? and of course what's ruby's involvement in this? >> you had various branchs of the investigation traveling, interviewing witnesses, collecting evidence, bring it back to the commission. >> the time of day was about -- we're about two hours from it. >> there were questions how would they deal with the different stories about shooters from the grassy knoll and different directions.

>> the lawyers from the commission took 395 depositions and there were 94 witnesses that appeared before the commission. >> linden johnson wants the report out so it doesn't interfere with the election. >> he had spent his career as a courtroom prosecutor, he wanted to stand in the window and see if this was a shot that a marksman could make. while he was there, warren felt he should talk to ruby. there were all these suggestions that ruby had killed oswald to silence him. >> the warren commission realized they were going to have to invest a lot more time than was anticipated. maybe two to three month operation to the consepshz it will probably take six months. >> the hourglass was running out on them. >> can you say it was one? >> i think we better not get

into that area, you know. the report will cover all of that in great detail. >> this committee labored 10 months then brought forth a document close to a thousand pages. president johnson received that report today. >> what the public understood and what i understood is these were very honorable men. they thought that the commission had done a good job and they would come up with an answer. >> when the warren commission report came out i believed it. we were still in a time when you tended to believe what officials told you. >> it is now 15 seconds after 6:30 p.m. eastern daylight time, sunday september the 27th. as of this moment the report of the president's commission is public record. for the next half hour we will search it for answers. first must come the answers to

the two great overriding questions. who killed john f kennedy? the commission answers unequivocally, lee harvey oswald. was he acting alone or a member of a conspiracy? the commission answers he acted alone. >> we knew most people were not going to read all of the warren commission report so cbs news brought to air to understand what the warren itself found. >> there was nothing to support the speculation that oswald was an agent, employee or informant of the fbi or cia or any other governmental agency. >> he owned the murder right, the purchase slip for the rifle was in his handwriting. oswald's palm print was found on a surface of the gun. >> the media had all concluded this was the most exhaustive investigation, case closed. >> the commission concludes

three shots were fired. all of them from the sixth floor window in the texas school book depause torository depository. >> the medical authority and experts demonstrated that shots were fired from above and behind president kennedy and governor connolly. >> when the warren commission came out, the majority of americans accepted the findings of the warren commission. >> the bullet entered here, came out just below the president's adam's apple. the commission believes the same bulled then entered the right shoulder of governor connolly, passed out through his chest, continued through his right wrist and into his left thigh. >> the arereport has been genery accepted throughout the country. i think at least it has dispelled many of the rumors and speculations that surround this. >> i'm quite satisfied. and it's been very well cover

undcovered entirely. >> it leaves no doubt that he killed the president of the united states. >> and we find the liar, the the misif the, the defector and seven distinguished americans on anoth another. oswald was never tried for any crime and perhaps therefore there will forever be questions of substance and detail raised by amateur detectives, professional skeptics and serious students as well. we are the jury, all of us. in america and throughout the world. >> the reaction to the report initially was very positive but that didn't last very long. >> this book is the number one best seller on the nonfiction list in the country. it's gained a vast number of readers in the recent swell of findings in the warren report.

>> we did not envision the breath and scope of the criticism. >> the author has highly controversial things to say. so please greet mr. mark lain. >> no matter how illustrious the members were, we were not going to be reassured by a commission. >> we're already having a little disagreement here. >> the commercials were on. >> i think i disagree almost totally with mark lane on several kounscounts. >> that is a picture of jack ruby and this was taken five minutes after the assassination. the commission said ruby was not there. this is a picture showing ow the commission published it. he wasn't there when they published the picture because they cropped him out. tell me about facts. how about that. >> you are deliberate malfeesance. >> you are part of the american media that prevented them from

knowing what happened until now. >> the public had been kept in the dark for so long about that. it had an undying thirst which can only be quenched by getting facts. >> we have a right to know who killed our president and why he died and we can't get that from reading the warren commission. >> one we were inhad competent, two we were thoroughly corrupt and others that say both of the above. i want someone to tell me that to my face. it's gentle on your body too. no wonder doctors and patients have trusted advil... for their tough pains for over 30 years. relief doesn't get any better than this. advil.

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growing band of doubters. they're in the supermarket. now according to a recent poll only one in three americans remains convinced that the warren report holds the whole story. >> when you have a great number of people devoting their whole lives to looking at every word, every comru, they can create a lot of mischief. >> i believe very firmly that oswald and ruby knew each other. >> before we proceed with that kind of questioning. let me ask you what kind of conspiracy? was a communist? left wing, right wing? >> i'm convinced there were two -- >> the warren commission was set up, as you know at the request of the communist party. >> it's obvious he was working for somebody else at that moment and that could not be anyone

else but fidel castro. >> there's no possibility of oswald being in the sixth floor window of the supository. >> it was an entire world of assassination buffs. some raised valid questions. >> could a bully come out looking like bullet 399? >> it is another one of the very highly improbables we are asked to accept by the warren commission if we are to accept the validity of their full report. >> some had completely mad theories. >> he was killed by a karate chop to the throat. >> but everyone i believed had a right to give their views. >> you have apparently succeeded in persuading the majority of the american people that we can cannot trust the panel to do a responsible job.

>> you talk about faith in the fbi as if it's a religious experience. i think the contrary. it's in our own ability to look at the facts and reach our own conclusion. >> the decreasing trust by americans in government all started with the kennedy assassination. in 1966 there's a cultural revolution in the united states. we're deeply imeshed in vietnam. they have seriously gone wrong. they've gone off the rails and the warren report is a very important. >> and don't think that all the facts were brought out. i think something was called back. >> i think they were more involved than just oswald. >> i don't know how they can reach a conclusion and it's ridiculous. i saw the whole thing on

television and i don't think oswald. i think he was working for the cia myself. >> why doesn't america believe the warren report? >> because of the conspiracy theories who have put this case under a high powered microscope who split the hairs. the kennedy case is the most complex murder case by far in history. nothing remotely comes close. >> questions which have not been answered to the satisfaction of the people of the united states. >> when president kennedy was killed, he was not killed by one. he was shot from a number of different directions by different guns. the story has been suppressed. witnesses have been killed. and this is your country. >> we aren't trying to hide a thing from you or mr. epstein or the world.

we are laying it all out. it's right here in the notes of testimony and if we had transposed in error a possibly into a probably and we are delighted to have you point it out to us but you can do so only because we've laid it on the line. >> the warren report said that lee harvey oswald shot the president from his window in the texas school book depository. three years after kennedy's assassination, the major question is the simple one. did the warren commission get its answers right? tonight we'll go over those arguments one by one, area by area. as the assassination was taking place a dallas business man stood behind that low concrete wall looking down at elm street. >> as the president was coming down from houston street making his turn, it was halfway down

there. >> and another shot or two. one or two. >> and blood and everything. and i kept on shooting. >> the warren commission could use the film and each frame to reconstruct each moment of the assassination. >> part of the reason why i think the film captured the american imagination is because it pushes us to think about something more complex and each person who looks at it, people see different things. >> where did the shots come from? if the shots did not all come from the book depository window, then there was most likely some kind of conspiracy. >> i think massive head wound where the president's head was blown apart came from a an angle on the grassy knoll. he's struck and his head goes back this way. but it goes back and over this way, which would be consistent with a shot from that direction and newton's law of motion.

>> seven man on a railroad bridge said they looked towards the wooden fence and saw puffs of white smoke from here. >> underneath that green tree you see a puff of smoke. it looked like a puff of steam or cigarette smoke. >> if no one saw anyone with a gun, rifle on the grassy knoll, no expended carterages were found there. not one bullet other than those fired from oswald's rifle has ever been found and linked to the assassination. >> now there were two doctors and one priest who said flatly that there were entrance wounds in the president's neck. >> if the wound in the neck was an entrance wound clearly this would be proof that bullet came from the front. >> he has suggested this wasn't an exit wound but an entry

wound. that kennedy was hit in the throat from the front. >> the doctor of parkland didn't want to talk about the president's injuries but the press more or less forced him to and the wound in the president's throat was pretty clean. he thought it was an entrance wound. >> what about this wound that you observed in the front of the president's neck? >> i didn't give it much thought and realize perhaps it had been better had i done so. >> there was a wound in the back of the neck that had not been seen by the parkland doctors because they never turned the body over. >> you did not turn the president over? >> it made very little difference to me since my immediate concern was for the attempted resuscitation. >> you can explain this and people will only remember that a doctor at parkland said he had been shot from possibly the front. it's kind of trying to put the

genie back in the bottle. >> a bullet hit the president from the back, a bullet hill him from the front. the bullet which killed him came from the right front unless the laws of physics were not working that day, the reaction of the president tells us where that shot came from. >> some critics say by the very fact that in the picture you can clearly see the expotion on the front side of the president, that certainly indicates the bullet came from the front. >> well, i don't believe any physicist has said that. it does indicate that the bullet was coming from behind. it's a minor explosion where pieces of material go generally in the direction of the bullet. >> if you look at the individual frames. in frame 312 his head's okay. 1/18th of a second later, the president is struck in the head

and what direction is the president's head pushed? not backwards but slightly forward. >> is there any doubt that the wound at the back was the entry wound? >> there is absolutely no doubt, sir. >> so that all important moment of impact, the president's head is pushed forward indicating a shot from the rear where lee hahav harvey oswald was. strokes could be prevented. and i'm doing all i can to help prevent another one. a bayer aspirin regimen is one of those steps in helping prevent another stroke. be sure to talk to your doctor before you begin an aspirin regimen.

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cbs news inquiring.

the warren report continuing. the time span between shots is a point upon which critics have seen. could oswald have fired three shots in 5.6 seconds? cbs news instructed to match exactly the heights and distances in daly plaza. >> if there wasn't enough time, then you would have a second shooter. >> oswald was not an expert shot. he was a good shot. but making the shots was not tough at all. cbs did it, half the military did it. >> those three shots he got off in 2.6 seconds. >> the film became the lens through which the assassination was seen. zapruder started his camera

after the limousine was 70 feet into the plaza while oswald had the president in his sights many seconds before that. how much time did oswald have to shoot the president? >> there are so many interesting questions and problems that come from the film. we believe so much in the image. we believe so much in the ultimate truth of film and images. then they become our memories. >> is it impossible that the bullet would have gone through president kennedy, connolly and not suffered anymore damage than shown in this photograph? >> it is highly improbable. >> could a single bullet have wounded both president kennedy and governor connolly? it's perhaps the most controversial aspect of the report. >> if they could not prove one

shot had hit both men, that means there's two shooters and effective there's a conspiracy. >> they claim the second shot was a magic bullet. they argue it would have had to make a right turn and a left turn in midair. the reality is that connolly was not seated directly in front of kennedy. >> if you figure out the alignment of where the men sat and if you look down as i did and the others did who condukctd the on site test, it is plain that bullet that exited president kennedy's throat would have to strike somebody else in the automobile. >> to not hit governor conally would have to be a real magic bullet.

>> for more on the jack ruby verdict. >> jack ruby has just been found guilty of murder with malice and been given the maximum sentence, death in the electric chair after two hours and 25 minutes deliberation. >> i believe that jack ruby was a paid killer. to close the mouth of my son, lee harvey oswald. >> the question of whether ruby knew oswald before or was in cuhuts to kill him is one of the most important questions. because ruby knew people in criminal activities. there was a lot of investigation about a potential conspiracy. >> ruby would have been one of the most unlikely and worst hitman that mob could ever get. >> 1963, lee harvey oswald is supposed to have been transferred at 10:00. at 10:00, the evidence is undisputed that jack ruby was at

home asleep. then he got dressed and drove downtown. >> he was sending a money order to a stripper at a western union office at 1117 d:17 a.m. >> we know three minutes later, a block away, jack ruby killed lee harvey oswald. he was down there five to fifteen seconds. if this is a hired assassin who is supposed to have advanced information, he is the world's best timer. >> what type of man is he? >> jack is a very emotional type person and as i waw saying a while ago, the type of man to give you a shirt off his back one moment and turn around and do something as nutty as this in the next. >> he was known for a quick temper and later as it turned

out he was hooked on two kinds of speed. at the time of the shooting. >> he had to have been here at the police station during the past two days talking with newsman and also making friends. >> jack ruby was a police and media groupie. ruby thought he was our friend. >> so i'm in this very same room when we had the defendant up here and he asked a question from out here. i didn't know who he was. i thought he was a member of the press and he told me as we walked out of here that he was a night club operator. >> ruby's act was that of a vigil ante. he wanted people to flock to his night club too, shake the hand of the man who killed the man who killed the president. >> if ruby silenced oswald for the mob, who was supposed to

silence jack ruby? he died of normal causes over three years later. one would think the conspiracy community would fold its tent and go home. but they continued undaunted and unphased with this obsession. >> their game is to fool you. these people want the investigation stopped. they don't want at all. please believe me. with your replaced windows. run away! [ grunts ] leave him! leave him! [ music continues ] brick and mortar, what?! [ music continues ] [ tires screech ] [ laughs ] [ doorbell rings ] when you bundle home and auto insurance with progressive, you get more than a big discount. that's what you get for bundling home and auto! jamie! you get sneaky-good coverage. thanks. we're gonna live forever!

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thnc the most recent, most spectacular involvement involves the cia. a man they call the jolly green giant. >> do you believe that lee harvey oswald did not shoot president kennedy? >> i don't want to get involved in the speculation to individuals but i will say there's no question about the fact there was a plot and there were a number of individuals involved. >> in 1967 he announced i've solved the case. i've found the real assassin. >> we will make arrests based on that and we will make charges based on that and we will obtain convictions based on that. >> you wouldn't have paid much

attention to this except he was district attorney of new orleans. >> i've spent hour after hour with jim garrison. he has presented a case to me detail by detail. >> the mark lane's and the conspiracy theorists all flocked initially to gars. >> and i can report that a powerful domestic force, a force still part of the american structure planned and initiated those acts that resulted in the assassination of president kennedy. >> they all thought here's a guy finally going to bring the case that we have been arguing about for years. >> if i seem somewhat confident it is because our office is in its fifth year and has never lost a murder case. >> everybody believes no district attorney in his right mind would do this unless he had

something. >> arrested this evening in the district attorney's office was clay shaw, age 54 of 1313 del fein street, new orleans, louisiana. he will be charged with anticipation in the conspiracy to murder john f kennedy. >> i have not been aprised of the basis for these fantastic charges and assume in due course i will be afforded an opportunity to prove my innocence. >> clay shaw was a very well respected businessman in new orleans. he had been a distinguished soldier in world war ii. >> the concept of clay shaw as being part of an assassination conspiracy was too weird to be believed. >> he was also home sexual and closeted and i think that played a part. >> this decision to arrest clay

shaw, i believe, was intended to get the national media back to town. as soon as he arrested clay shaw, they came back. >> and they realized the truth that there isn't anything there. >> garrison has based his case on the certainty that he can prove clay shaw is clay or clan burke within. they said a man by that name called him suggesting he provide legal defense for lee oswald. >> he had described him as having gay tendencies and represents gays as a lawyer. so therefore they believed it must be clay shaw. that was the extent of garrison's investigation. >> you have enough evidence now to go to trial? >> if i answered that i shouldn't be district attorney. >> the case he has built against

clay shaw is based on testimony that did not pass a lie detecter test that garrison ordered and garrison knew it. >> can you say positively that the person you knew as clay burtran is not clay shaw? >> scouts honor. he is not. >> he started bribing witnesses, intimidating witnesses. >> i will serve this whole nine year sentence or cut loose right away. >> we decided to give him objectifying machinery to make sure he was telling the truth. >> does leon have a last name? >> oswald. >> would you say the methods were illegal? >> i would say very and unethical. >> at one time it was oil millionaires, then minuteman, then a home sexual killing. >> do you feel that

homosexuality was a factor in the assassination of john f kennedy. >> with that many assassins, i don't know how kennedy made it to the autopsy table. >> he says jack ruby's unlisted telephone number is in a book belonging to oswald. >> p gives you seven, o gives you six. >> he changes the digits around, added letters. >> and you reconstruct the letters and then you subtract 1300 and that gives you ruby's telephone number. >> how could it then be jack ruby's phone number? >> you obviously missed the point. >> he would say they're cia agents. this is part of the conspiracy. >> who's suppressing all of this

information? >> the federal government is suppressing it. >> who? >> the administration of your government is suppressing it because they know the central intelligence agency -- >> on whose order? >> on the order of the president of the united states. >> mr. garrison has come up with no credible evidence to support any of his theories. >> i think this is unfortunate that the media of this country has become so hysterical for fear of what it might see that it spends a good deal of its energy attacking the one serious investigation. >> the investigation has been to spread fear and suspicion and exploit the sorrow and doubts about president kennedy's death. >> i can't make anymore comments about the case except for anyone who thinks it's just a theory is going to be awfully surprised when it comes to trial. >> clay shaw came to court in

good spirits today with his long awaited trial underway, shaw seems almost relieved that his case is finally being heard. he sits quietly chain smoking cigarettes. he does not react when the state talks about things like conspiracy. >> the trial went on for six weeks. it's important to note that not one witness produced by garrison survived cross examination. they were all proven to be unreliable at best. >> it was the most shameful thing you'd ever seen. everyone knew clay shaw couldn't have been more innocent. >> in a unanimous verdict by a 12-man verdict, shaw was found not guilty on charges that he conspired to kill the late john kennedy. >> why did you do it? >> after the not guilty verdict, editorials around the country said it's one of the darkest

chapters in american jurisprudence history. it's just a crime. >> i didn't think he had proven clay shaw's guilt beyond a reasonable doubt. i would have voted not guilty. >> i think garrison feels that the end justifies the means and he felt if he could bring to the american people what he considered the truth about the death of their american president, it doesn't matter who got hurt in the process. >> i would sum it up by saying that any society which allows a man like jack kennedy to have a top of his head torn off and then protects the assassins and ubstructs any inquiry and attempt to find the truth is not a great society.

information concerning the cause of death of your president has been with held from you. >> to show you how uncredible the conspiracy theorists are. over the last 50 years at one

time or another they have accused 42 groups, 82 assassins and 214 people of being involved in the assassination. >> could oswald really have done this? >> as a reporter, the greatest story for us would have been to find out somebody other than oswald did it. and we tried hard it do it but at every turn things pointed to oswald as not only a shooter but the shooter and the only shooter. >> at its core this is a very simple case. >> i don't know what this is all about. >> if a person is innocent of a crime, chances are there aren't going to be any evidence towards guilt. why? because he's innocent. but with oswald, everything points towards his guilt. we'll never know why lee harvey oswald killed kennedy because

he's dead. but there are things we do know. >> at the age of 13 a probation officer said he remembered oswald as a trunt, troubled boy in need of psychiatric help. >> oswald's marine career ended in 1959 when he was dishonorably discharged. a month later he was in moscow where he announced his decision to renounce his citizenship. >> are you a marksman? >> that is correct but that doesn't mean i'm a communist. >> he wants to be a soviet citizen. they turn him down. what does he do? he slashes his wrists, tries to commit suicide. >> lee harvey oswald had these dreams of delusions he'd been harboring for a long time of an act that would lift him out of

obscurity. >> they said oswald wanted to do something that 10,000 years from now people would be talking about. >> it looked to me like an irrational act. he wanted to make a mark on society and it suddenly occurred to him that he could. >> people who think oswald is a patsy and an innocent person forgot that when he a policeman gets out to stop him, oswald shoots him four times. that was his previous attempt on general walker. >> interestingly on saturday morning the dallas morning news said there may be a connection between this guy who was just arrested for killing a police officer and president kennedy and this effort to assassinate general walker back in april.

>> oswald used to attend a small discussion group and he began to rail against his right wing general, walker, who was calling for the invasion of cuba. >> general walker was about as right wing as you got in the early '60s. and oswald saw walker as an american adolph hitler. >> and oswald said someone should kill walker. he then ordered a rifle with a sniper scope and planned very meticulously his assassination of general walker. he took photographs from different angles. figured out how to get his rifle there and how to escape. >> on march 31st, sunday, he asked marina to come out and take his photograph. >> all in black, pistol, rifle in his hand holding a few radical newspapers and marina writes on the back, hunter of

fascists and dates it >> and then he went on the night of the 10th of april, took up his place and shot at general walker. >> he came in the house 11:30. he was so pale, nervous. and i said, "what happened to you?" and he said -- he told, "i tried to shot general walker." >> will you describe for us just what happened last night? >> rifle shot, fired into the house. fired through the west window. and hit the cell and hit the wall across the room and went over the desk, at which i was sitting. >> he was very disappointed to find out that he missed by less than an inch. >> it shows his ability to plan who his target was and that oswald was capable of violence. >> i think that was kind of the

rosetta stone that if you understood the walker shooting, you understood that lee was like a cocked rifle. and he could go off any time. ♪ >> what set the conspiracy notion about the kennedy assassination among many americans was the sheer incongruity of the affair. all of it wiped out in one instance by a skinny, weak-chinned little character. [ cough ]

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>> it is true that the answers to some questions leave us restless. the theory that a single bullet struck down the president and the governor, for example, has too much of the long arm of coincidence about it for us to be entirely comfortable. >> it doesn't satisfy our sense of narrative or justice that a small person of no distinction can be of such historical consequences to killed the president of the united states. >> but would we be more comfortable believing that a second shot was fired by a second assassin who materialized out of thin air for the purpose,

fired a shot, and then vanished again into thin air, leaving behind no trace of himself, his rifle, his bullet, or any other sign of existence. >> there were two groups of people. there's one group that will look at an extraordinary coincidence, a cataclysm of circumstance and say, yes, that's the way the world works. there's another group of people for whom that is quite unsettling. >> they don't want to believe that something so random could have occurred. can you believe that you can step off a curb some day and be killed by an oncoming car? nobody believes in that kind of possibility for themselves. but it happens. is life that fortuitous? that uncertain. >> and for them, oddly, the notion of the conspiracy is more comforting than the absence of it. because if there's a conspiracy, at least there's a plan. >> i think the five bullets

fired from at least two different directions, the result of a conspiracy. >> kennedy's killing touches off a belief in the idea, you can't trust government. >> there has been a loss of morale. a loss of confidence among the american people toward their own government and the men who serve it. and that is perhaps more wounding than the assassination itself. >> they've lost so much faith in government that they actually think that the government is an accessory after the fact to the president's murder, can't get too much worse than that. >> the assassination changed the trajectory of the '60s. america was a different place on the day before john f. kennedy was killed. so when you look at this america as a whole in the 20th century, you look at america in the 60s, you really say, that day was the dividing point.

>> i guess in the average man's life, there are two or three emotional experiences that he doesn't forget. because they're burned into his heart and his brain. and no matter what happens to me, i will remember november the 22nd as long as i live. it is impossible for me to this day, and i'm sure ten years from now to drive through dallas and look at the book depository building and impossible to drive by this morning and not think about the day president kennedy died there. it will always be with us. >> kennedy, along side other presidents, johnson, nixon, gerald ford, jimmy carter, reagan and two bushes, even bill clinton, people, they don't remember what they did, but they remember their rhetoric. and they remember the images.

>> ask not what your country can do for you, ask what you can do for your country. >> this is what people wish for again in the government. they want someone who inspires them. who gives them hope. for whom they have a kind of admiration. kennedy standing hold on the public i think will only fade if and when we get another president about whom they feel the same way as they currently feel about kennedy. ♪

the enemy of freedom has chosen to make this year the decisive one. >> something's going to happen. the change is on the way. >> we can change america. we can change the world. >> what we need now is a reconciliation in this land. >> there's not anything wrong with you that a good hair cut wouldn't cure. >> rest assured we democrats will stir it up. >> this election year of 1968 has touched emotions. >> i think we have too much violence in this country. >> we go up together, or we go down together. >> and we have that understanding for our fellow citizens, we will have a new