this is gps, the global public square. welcome to you all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria. questions swirl around relations with china, nato. how does the world view the next president? i have a great global foonl discuss it all. >> just how should america react

to this? is he mad or dangerous or both? and donald trump has threatened to kill tpp to build a wall. >> you will pay a very large border tax. >> can he do it all? what will be the consequences? i will ask president obama's trade representative. but first here is my take. donald trump has attacked no country as consistently as he has china. during his campaign he to make chinese goods cheap. since being elected he has spoken to the leader of taiwan. it was a surprise to me on a recent trip to find chinese elites relatively about trump. it says something about their view of trump but more about how

they see their own country. trump is a negotiator and the rhetoric is all part of his opening bid said a chinese scholar. he likes to make deals and we are good deal makers as well. there are several agreements we could make on trade. chinese officials point out they have economic weapons as well. china is becoming far less dependant on foreign markets. ten years ago experts made up a staggering 27%. today they make up just 22% and fallen. china has changed. western brands are rare and the country's own companies dominate almost every aspect of the huge and growing domestic chinese economy. many young chinese boasted to me their local versions of google,

amazon and facebook were better, faster and more sophisticated. the country has become its own. the next stage is to exploit being created by america's retreat on trade. as he was threatening literally southern neighbor he made a trip through latin america. his third in four years. he committed billions of dollars in investments. it takes advantage of trump's declaration that the trance pacific partnership is dead. it lured bar yeriers in a more n and rule based election. china offered up its own

version, one that excludes america and favors. australia wahas announced it was china's alternative. others will follow suit soon. the economic cooperation summit, john key new zealand's prime minister put it quite simply. it was all about the united states showing leadership in the asian region. we really like it but that void has to be filled. it will be filled by china. >> it was remarkable sounding more like an address traditionally made by an american president and promise today help ensure they don't close themselves off. so looking beyond tweets beijing

seem to have concluded donald trump's presidency might prove to be the best thing that's happened to china in a long time. >> for more read my washington post column this week. let's get started. so what do we know about the incoming administration? tillerson and other nominees were quizzed by congress this week. what did we learn? joining me here in new york are three men who all have new books out. president of the council on foreign relations is the author of world in disarray and the crisis of the old order. the late zest called the genius

of judaism. and in florida tony is the former u.k. ambassador. he will have to suffice. richard, what do you make of this week? i mean you had tillerson and people aren't saying exactly the same thing trump has been saying on the campaign trail. >> that's the thing. you asked about the new administration's world view. what you have are different people coming up with different world views. it is a contrast and what the candidate has been saying since he has been in the public eye. >> won't the president win? at the end of the day, you know, it's not cabinet government. he is the president. >> president can set the broad outlines. there's so much detail you don't want to have a situation where

there's a bit of uncertainty and bit of friction. you have so many people at white house. this is a very already center heavy administration. you have the normal crowd, the president, the vice president, the head of national security council but you have the only in law and you have kellyanne conway. so all of this suggests so me to use the world world view is in some ways optimistic. >> what does it look like? it does feel pretty unusual. i don't think i have ever seen anything like it. how does it look to you? >> especially for people who like me admire the rules and the principals there are a few

things which don't go well. to name the cu of the company this is again strange. in general one -- you have a president-elect now who said his devotion, who said that good job was done by the chief of the most enemy nation today of america. they don't see it. i don't see such stress about

that. i thought i would find riots in the streets of washington d. >> caller: and c. and of new york. >> let me ask you about russian sort of behavior. you were the ambassador during the whole alexander. this is the case of a russian defector whom essentially the poisoned while he was in london. you would live through this. was it easy to point the finger at putin himself as ordered this as an -- >> we looked quite deeply to find out what has been going on.

but it was very difficult to establish how high up it went. it is very relevant to the assessments that are now being made in the hacking of the election and which appeared in accusing president-elect trump of operating in collusion over quite a long period and making promising. i have now looked at it quite carefully. it is also deeply implausible in a lot of ways. on the other hand we know we are dealing with russia who did the hacking with our doubt and which is a very troublesome presence ton international scene. on the other hand relations

wlaen the west and russia have become dangerously bad over the last three months. russians have talked about putting nuclear war heads on missiles in northern russia. the joint chiefs of staff here in washington has talked about having to go to war with russia in order to impose the u.s. view in syria. president-trump's arrival does offer an opportunity to get that tension a bit more under control. >> all right. we'll have to take a break. when we come back i'll ask him to compare the farewell addresses of george washington. before we do that i just want to say it's important to note that neither cnn or any mainstream news organization has been able to cooperate which is why it was not ever reported on by cnn though other news organizations have talked about it. when we come back farewell addresses.

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john, i want to ask you something about the farewell address. it seems as though everything suddenly seems relevant. you point out that one of the things washington warns about in that far well as dress and it is a history -- is foreign meddling in our democratic experience. washington had more to fight over france and england and whether the united states should throw in with one of them. his understanding of history and of the histories was going back to city states was that they would infiltrate, weaken resolve

and overtake the nation. he was very conscious of the fact needed -- it recalled those earlier examples. so it attempts to influence our election. no longer does partisan ship seem to end at the water's edge. that's a dangerous sign where foreign policy are by some people because they feel they may have enabled the election of a president. it is dangerous stuff and george washington warned that those sorts of relationships, that confusing of another nation's interest is one of the forces that destroyed republics throughout history. >> you talk about a world in

disarray. i wonder whether the things that washington worried about this corrosion of democracy, the ability to have have a unified trust is that part of the sense of disarray? >> we have seen any number of examples and the dysfunctionalty we can't deal with budgets. you have got all that. i talked before about elements of an administration. more than anything there is a world in disarray, the inbox that will greet donald trump on january 20th is extraordinary. the sheer range of issues with the number and difficulty with ballistic missiles. we have got a rise in china. it continues to unravel.

>> it feels like the glue that once hold the world together is almost dissolving. can it really be put back? >> the institutions that largely did it were born after world war ii, new institutions to account the reality of globalization. nothing is local anymore. what goes on inside has the poe enl shl to effect everywhere else. one of the things we learned is this world is not self-governing. without the united states things unravel. we have seen it in the middle east. the mere fact that things were said during t way they were during the campaign, think the rest of the world is waking up. this is not the united states they knew. it is not the united states they would count on. what worries me is we'll start to see what i call a self-help

world. they will start taking matters into their own hands. this seems to be the great danger, if the united states does not keep year rope together on the issue of ukraine and dealing with russia there will be sort of a competition in europe as to each country having its own security policy. maybe germany making guarantees. it was precisely the u.s. blanket of security meant you didn't have to have the various competing securities. >> it is true. number one was u.n. u.n. is discredited today.

gerngs as an add mirmirer of th country august 29th, 2013 said there was a red line not to be crossed but when it was crossed nothing happened. this day still today these last three years saw the decline. as far europe, europe will be rebuilt and we must not count on it to do our job one thing that's concerning is that he said very clearly that he would

reconsider the rule or the rules i was recently in one of the baltic states and i was in poland. i can tell you that in these countries who escaped the commune nic communism they are leaving again in a state of anxiety in front of this dominant russia and with this failing alliance. what does a world without american leadership look like? will it be a self-help world? >> yes. it very much will be. we are moving back to a world of competing great powers.

it is one of the countries breaking out of the old world order. 120th of the west size of the economy. it feels threatened and challenged by us while we continue to view it as a threat. it seems to me quite an important piece of business for the west as we move into the new competitive order isn't going to be about russia. it will be between the united states and china. it becomes an important question to ask, whose side do we want russia to be on. our competition with russia, challenging russia, threatening russia as with ukraine and syria requires some rethinking in this new global context. >> pleasure to have you on.

this debate about russia will continue. next on gps, the united states has been the world's largest proponent of liberal democracy, rights of things like free speech but is america on the path to turning into an iliberal democracy. we'll be back. was not a baby anymore. every subaru is built to earn your trust. because we know what you're trusting us with. subaru. kelley blue book's most trusted brand. and best overall brand. love. it's what makes a subaru, a subaru. (vo) nutritional needs...og's all in one. purina one. healthy energy, all in one.

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you see many places i noticed that the rule of law for freedom of the press and other such traditions were being ignored or abused. today i worry we might be watching the rise of illegal democracy in the united states, something that should alert anyone. what we think of as democracy is really the fusing of two different traditioning. one is of course public participation in electing

leersd. these individual freedoms of ownership and decent were protected not just from the abuse of a tyrant but also from democratic majorities. the bill of rights is a list of things that democratic majorities cannot do in the west these two traditions, popular participation on the other became intertwined. it was noticeable when i wrote the essay and clearer now that in a number of countries from hungry to russia to turkey to iraq the two strands have come apart. democracy persists but liberty is undersiege. it put in place elaborate checks and balances but in the end

liberal democracy was erodednyway. it turns out what sustained democracy is not legal safeguards and rules but practices, democratic behavior. this is waning even in the united states. the founding fathers were skeptical of democracy and conceived of america as to mitigate some of the dangers, the bill of rights, the senate are all against majority rule. but the united states also developed a democratic culture formed in large part by a series of informal buffers that worked in similar ways. it means nongovernmental groups to professional associations and he argued they acted to weaken

the moral empire. it would be the -- the society in its government would focus on the national interest. but the two prefailing dynamics over the past few decades have been to destroy these intermediate associations because of democratic openness or market efficiency. it has been closed to open. political parties have lost their internal strejt they have lost all of their moerl whose members do not and cannot afford to act in ways that's of the publ public interest. it now has fierce competition

between thousands of new platforms which is the to come gnat dynamic. we are getting to see what american looks like without any of those real buffers that stand in the way of sheer -- the parties of collapse, professional groups. the media has been rendered. what we are left with is a woman kom pettive system in which everyone is an entrepreneur always hustling for personal advantage but who and what then remain to nourish and preserve the common good, civic life, liberal democracy. next, an external threat to america from north korea. jong tech: this mom didn't have time to worry about a cracked windshield.

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this he was with on the verge of testing a missile one

believed to be capable of hitting mainland america. it comes after they conducted two nuclear tests in 20 116. china and south korea have both denounced the plans and donald trump tweeted the following. north korea just stated it is in the final stages capable of reaching parts of the u.s. it won't happen. what could he do? joining me here in new york is president of the n non-proliferation advocacy group. he joins us from the center for strategic and international studies. what do you make of north korean capabilities and threats/promise? >> they could be if they keep

working at it? >> they include hitting our 30,000 u.s. troops that are there. can they put a nuclear war head on those missiles? after five tests historically most countries have perfected the technique. if they can put a nuclear tip on those short range missiles they can certainly deter us from taking military action against them. what they are try to go ing to hit the continental united states. we believe he will test a missile we have seen in parades. will it work the first time? probably not. it is very likely he'll have the capability to hit los angeles, san francisco or new york.

>> how serious are they? at one level he seems crazy and at another level seems crazy enough to doing in like this. >> i think we have to take him very seriously. i think there is tendency to look wall them and think of them as meaningless boasts but the level of testing we have seen over the last eight years has been incredible. they have done 65 missile and nuclear tests compared with 17 in the previous 14 years. this is not just boasting. it is a military testing program designed to achieve the objective that can reach the united states. the purpose of that is to hold the united states hostage so that we would not be able to defend our allies and north korea would be at liberty to coerce through all sorts of threats and other activities.

i think we have to take this very seriously. we do not want to be in a situation where the incoming administration will be remembered for allowing the most country in the world that can hit the united states. my understanding is that in that conversation that president obama had with president-elect trump there was a part of it that was secret and insensitive. it was precisely about north korea. but you think that the oba obama strategy has also failed? >> it has. george w. bush tried to get them not to go nuclear. he failed. obama tried to stop them by putting on more sanctions and refusing to talk to them. it failed miserable.

they increased their capability. we are where the president is likely to be tested on this issue in the first few months. the u.s. and south korea have military exercises. those always wow the north koreans. is that when they might test it? or reach out and negotiate. >> and you think the third -- >> i think it's the only way to go, coercive diplomatic appro h approach. it also reaches out to engage north korea to try to arrest their program, freeze it where it is. >> what do you think of that? you to talk to the north koreans, nothing else has worked.

>> well, first on sanctions we have to remember, we always say they don't work until they work. >> we have two new elements of sanctions. it provides with a lot of hard curren currency. in terms of the history of sanctioning these two things are at a new level and they just started. so we have to allow those to take effect and see if they have any sort of impact. >> before we go you pointed something out to me. the united states right now is on maximum nuclear alert. you say before obama leaves office this should change. explain what and why. >> we have about a thousand war

heads on missiles, on what's called high alert status. when the cold war is over we have weapons on high alert. it makes the missiles prone to accident and miscalculation see if putin could be convince today do the same thing. >> it might be a deal. >> could be. >> thank you both very much. up next donald trump says he will tear apart much of president obama's legacy after his inauguration on friday. when we come back, trade, what happens if in fact he kills the trade pacts. encouragement and milk. with 8 grams of natural protein, and 8 other nutrients to provide balanced nutrition.

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this week he said much of it would wait until day four after the inauguration festivities are over. one of the first priorities will be dealing with two of his least favorite acronyms in the world, nafta and tpp. trump said he would renegotiate. he has been intense live critical saying they would hurt

american workers and the economy. he also says they were badly negotiated. pleasure to have you. >> great to be here. thanks. first i'll ask you about nafta. trump says he will renegotiate naf nafta. can he actually do that? can it work? >> we did that in tpp. we hadded -- add aed labor. we got access to part of the mexican market that we didn't have before. wh that's what we did in the context of tpp. >> when he talks about tpp and his opposition what said recently if you do -- if you get rid of tpp how will you oppose

china? you see it as one of the ways of strengthening itself as opposed to china. >> it was really about embedding the united states as a leader. it is a critically important region for our economy and also strategically. it was a way of raising standards across the region. china is not a member of tpp. some don't recall that. the idea was if you could get china's neighbors to sign up to better labor and better intellect ch intellectual rights that china would have to compete and have to raise their standards ultimately as well. >> so when you look at politics of this you know it well -- you look at a state like iowa. out of many of these concerns agriculture would hugely benefit because countries like japan

would be great markets. >> absolutely. >> why don't -- you know, why is it that the people are voting against what seems to be their own economic interest? >> there really is a disconnect there. the entire community is in favor of tpp. it add about about $4 billion to farm incomes. some have an immerging middle class. they want better nutrition, safer food. they want american products. it is hugely bennificial. there is a disconnect that goes to people that they haven't seen wages increase. they have seen rising income. whether it is because of technology or globalization hay don't get to vote on globalization but they get to vote on trade agreements.

>> what is the effect of these tariffs that trump is proposing? what do you think it means for the average american? >> it depends what they do. there are a lot of ideas being batted around. i think when it comes to raising tariffs you have to if we do something that is clearly illegal, contrary to our operations, it gives others the opportunity to raise tariffs on workers and farmers. and if we open the door and say hey, here's a new way of pursuing trade policy, you have to build in our market, that's the policies we've been fighting against in the world. from china, india, other countries say if you want to sell to our people, you need to move your factories from the united states to our country. you have to think through the second and third -- >> general motors wants to build something in india, the indians say, well, you can only build it

if you move the plant out of michigan into mumbai or whatever -- >> exactly. that's exactly right. since 95% of the world's consumers are outside the united states, 80% of our purchasing power is outside of the united states, we need access to those foreign markets. we can't support the kind of jobs we want in this country if we don't have the ability to export our products around the world. and the third piece -- i'm sorry -- is taxation. tariffs. raising tariffs is a particularly regressive maneuver. it has the biggest effect on the lowest income americans, the people who can least afford it. low-income americans pay -- spend a bigger portion of their income on tradeable goods like clothing, footwear, food. if you start putting tariffs on imports against our -- >> the price of goods go up at walmart and costco, and it's the lowest income americans who are hurt -- >> all those back-to-school purchas purchases, all the things you buy for your family, those go up. this week the council of

economic advisors visors at the white house did a study showing how tariffs are particularly regressive or punitive to the people in the country who can least afford to bear the cost. >> when you look at this populist fervor in the united states and what it's done to trade, i mean, how do you feel? when you look at the numbers, you still see polls show that a majority of americans say they support free trade. >> that's right. i think there's a big disconnect between the perception and the reality. as you said, the majority of americans, poll after poll, show that they support trade, that they understand how important it is that we be engaged internationally. actually, it's gone up over the years. it's higher now than probably at any time since the 1970s. as i said, they've -- they felt real pain. those concerns are real. the question is what to do about them. it's not to close our markets. it's not to withdraw from leadership. it certainly isn't to hand the leadership over to china and live under a system of rules that china designs. it goes to issues like lifelong learning and skills development

and education and training and transition assistance. >> that's all boring. what people like to hear is that it's somebody else's fault, foreigners -- >> it's much easier to blame a foreigner than to say we need better domestic policies at home. there are a lot of countries who do this better than we do. when it's singapore, korea, scandinavia, germany with its apprenticeship programs. we don't have to reinvent the wheel. there's good experience at the state level and foreign countries that we could draw from and have a greater social compact with the american worker. >> a pleasure having you on. >> thanks for having me. next, new york's storied museum of modern art is currently displaying this -- why this unsuspecting addition to their galleries might be considered a masterpiece. ♪ hi, i'm frank.

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on friday, multitudes will gather on the national mall to witness donald trump's inauguration as the 45th president of the united states. the shortest inaugural address in history was given by george washington in 1793 at just 135 words. it brings me to my question of the week -- what president gave the longest inaugural address in history? william henry harrison? theodore roosevelt? calvin coolidge? and barack obama? stay tuned, and we'll tell you the correct answer. this week's book of the week is richard haas' "a world in disarray: american foreign policy and the crisis of the old order." we talked about the book with richard during the show, and as you can tell, he has a vivid description of emerging global problems and a punchy critique of american foreign policy.

he is always smart and sober about the foreign policy challenges facing america. now for the "last look ". at the world-renowned museum of modern art in new york city, beauty can often be in the eye of the beholder. for one more week, this museum is highlighting an undeniably ugly reality. amongst the picassos stands a simple 188 square-foot structure. it's not worth millions like a dahly. it's valuable in a different way. this is a fully assembled refugee shelter. a collaboration between the u.n. hcr, the ikea foundation, and better shelter. it is the centerpiece of an exhibit underlining the harsh living conditions of displaced people around the world. built in sweden, these lightweight, solar-powered shelters pack up flat and arrive with instructions and tools to construct them in the field. i've actually talked about them on the show before.

a testament not only to innovative design but also to the ongoing scale of the global refugee crisis. in 2015, 24 people were displaced from their homes every single minute. and the world bank estimates refugees spend an average of ten years in exile, making temporary shelters like these critically important and often not very temporary. picasso once said, "art is a lie that makes us realize the truth." we didn't need art to realize this particular ugly truth. but it certainly helped to remind us of it. the correct answer to the "gps" challenge question is a -- in 1841, william henry harrison gave a roughly two-hour inaugural address. he famously did so without the proper attire for the winter, and he died a month later of pneumonia. his address was more than 8,400 words. more than both of george w. bush's and both barack obama's

inaugural addresses all combined. we do not yet know the length of president-elect trump's address, but we do know that his favorite mode of communication clocks in at 140 characters. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. i will see you next week. hello, everyone. thank you very much for joining me. i'm fredricka whitfield. just five days now until donald trump takes the oath of office as this country's 45th president. a growing number of democrats in congress will not be there. four more democratic house members are joining the boycott of the president-elect's inauguration. at least 22 lawmakers total now will be absent in protest. some are citing russia's alleged meddling in the 2016 election, while others say it's a sign of solidarity with the fellow congressman john lewis. trump ridiculed the civil rights icon for