these are the kinds of social problems that scientists say society should answer.

>> they would have tragic things happen to these characters. there was real heartache in these people's lives and you really felt for them. >> i've got aids?

>> television at its best is a mirror of society in the moment. >> "st. elsewhere" challenged people and challenged you as an actor, much less the audience to the stuff they gave you was extreme in what they did, whether they were dealing with aids or having one of their main doctor characters raped in a prison. >> they tackled lots of difficult subjects. >> "st. elsewhere" was run by people trying to stretch the medium and in the '80s, television producers were encouraged to stretch the medium. >> clear. announcer: get on your feet for the nastiest bull in the state of texas. ♪ ♪

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i was there. now people say, they watch it on television. >> a lot of excitement connected to sports in the '80s. you used to have to depend on the five minutes at the end of your local newscast. there just hadn't been enough. give us a whole network of sports. >> there's just one place you need to go for all the names and games making sports news. espn "sportscenter." >> what happened in the 1980s is sports becomes a tv show. and what are tv shows built around? characters. >> you can't be serious, man. you cannot be serious! you got the absolute -- >> mcenroe, the perfect villain. the new yorker that people loved to hate. the cool swede never giving any emotion away.

>> what tennis really wants is to get its two best players playing over and over again in the fina whether they are john mcenroe and bjorn borg or chrissy and navratilova. that's what we want to turn in over and over. >> three match points to martina navratilova. >> this man has a smile that lights up a television screen from here to bangor, maine. >> and that there is magic johnson, this urban kid from michigan and larry bird, this guy who worked carrying trash. one plays for the lakers. the other plays for the boston celtics. it's a great story. >> lakers had several chances. here's larry bird. >> magic johnson leads the attack. >> look at that pass. oh, what's a show! oh, what a show! >> when the championship games are in primetime and people are paying attention to that,

television feeds into those rivalries and makes them bigger than they've ever been before. >> primitive skill. they're just as good as dead. >> every mike tyson fight was an event. every fight was like an ax murder. when he fought michael spinks. the energy, you could just feel it on tv. tyson was made for tv because there was drama. >> not a lot of junior high school kids can dunk. especially at -- >> everybody tries. >> i think that he is starting to transcend his sport that he's becoming a public figure. >> michael jordan becomes the model every other athlete wants to shoot for. they want to be a brand. and that's what television does for these athletes. turns them into worldwide iconic brands. >> the inbounds pass comes in to jordan. michael at the foul line.

good! the bulls win. >> athletes in the '80s became part of an ongoing group of people we cared about. had an enormous pent-up demand for srts anthe '80s began to provide. thank goodness. cable television is continuing to grow. it's estimate tuesday will grow into 1 million more u.s. households this year. >> with cable television offering an array of different channel choices, the audience bifurcated. that's an earthquake. >> i want my mtv! >> i want my mtv! >> i want my mtv! ♪ >> a new concept is born. the best of tv combined with the best of radio. this is it. welcome to mtv music television. the world's first 24-hour stereo video music channel. >> music television, what a concept. mtv was, pow, in your face. you were not going to turn us off. >> mtv did nothing but play

current music videos all day long. so let me get this straight. you turn on the tv, and it's like the radio? >> music will continue nonstop on mtv music television's newest component of your stereo system. >> when mtv launched a generation was launched. 18 to 24-year-olds were saying, i want my mtv. i want my mtv videos. i want my mtv fashion. >> yo. >> mtv was the first network really focused on the youth market. and becomes hugely influential because they understand each other. the audience and the network. >> mtv had a giant impact. visually and musically on every part of the tv culture that came next. >> freeze, miami vice. ♪ >> friday nights on nbc are different this season thanks to "miami vice." it's a show with an old theme but a lot of new twists. described by one critic as

containing flashes of brilliance, shot entirely on location in south miami, the story centers around two undercover vice cops. >> i don't know how this is going to work, tubbs. i mean, not exactly up my alley style and persona-wise. heaven knows i'm no box of candy. >> television very much was the small screen. it was interesting about tony's pilot screen play for "miami vice." it was not that. very much the approach was, okay, they call this a television series. but we're going to make one-hour movies every single week. >> here we go. stand by. >> action. >> police. >> just describing the show as a new wave cop show. >> it's a cop show for the '80s. we use a lot of mtv images and rock music to help describe the mood and feeling of our show. >> in a lot of ways you don't get "miami vice" without mtv because in a lot of ways "miami vice" was a long video. the music was such a big part of that show. >> there was an allure to using great music that everybody was

listening to as opposed to the routine kind of tv scoring of that period. ♪ i can feeling coming in the air ♪ >> it waly not afraid toet long scenes play out. it would drag -- a car going from point a to point b could be a four-minute phil collins song. and it was. ♪ >> being able to take a television series like "miami vice" and let's rock 'n' roll with this until somebody says stop or are you guys crazy, you can't do that? and nobody ever did. >> freeze! police. you guys watch game of thrones, right? inconceivable!

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♪ magnum? >> hammond? >> private investigator? >> oh, you are probably wondering about the goat. just let me drop off my friend, and then we'll talk. >> when we entered the '80s, a lot of dramas that were lighthearted like "magnum p.i." were very popular. after "m.a.s.h." went off the air, the next season there wasn't a single sitcom in the

top ten. first time that had ever happened in tv history. the prevailing feeling was that the sitcom was dead. >> brandon tartikoff, nbc programming chief, says reports of the sitcom's death were greatly exaggerated. >> time and time again, if you study television history, just when someone is counting a forum out, that's exactly the form of programming that's leads to the next big hit. ♪ >> 1984 "the cosby show" comes on. bill cosby is not new to tv but "the cosby show" is different. stands apart from everything else he's done. >> i wanted my scrambled. >> coming up. >> they talked about parenting. before that, the kid were cool and the parents were idiots. "cosby" says the parents are in charge and that was something new. >> instead of acting disappointed because i'm not

like you, maybe you can just accept who i am and love me anyway because i'm your son. >> that's the dumbest thing i've ever heard in my life! >> it helps the casting a lot in television. the kids were just great. >> if you were the last person on this earth, i still wouldn't tell you. >> you have to tell me what you did. just tell me what's they're going to do to you. >> unlike every other show on tv, it's showing an upper middle class black family. this wasn't "all in the family." they weren't tackling deep issues but that was okay. the mere fact they existed was a deep issue. >> the decade was waiting for something real. in other words, unless it's real, it doesn't seem like it moves anybody. if someone is feeling something, you get to the heart and the mind. if you can hit the hearts and minds, you've got yourself a hit. >> how was school? >> school? dear, i brought home two

children that may or may not be ours. >> "the cosby show" brought this tremendous audience to nbc. and that was a bridge to us. our ratings went way up. ♪ sometimes you want to go where everybody knows your name ♪ >> even the theme song to "cheers" puts you in a good mood. >> hello, everybody. >> what's shaking, norm? >> by the end of the "cheers" pilot, not only did you know who everybody was, but you wanted to come back and see what was going to happen. it's like all you have to do is watch it once. you're going to love these people. these are universal characters, and the humor worked on so many levels. >> i was up until 2:00 in the morning finishing off kierkegaard. >> i hope he thanked you for it. >> you have to create a community that people are

identifying with. and "cheers" gives you that community. >> i've always wanted to skydive. i've just never had the guts. >> what's did it feel like? >> i imagine a lot like sex. >> i have to imagine what sex is like. but i have plenty of sex. and plenty of this, too. why don't you just get off my back, too. >> in the first episode, there was a rather passionate annoyance. something is going on here. a really intelligent woman would see your line of bs a mile away. >> i never met an intelligent woman that i would want to date. >> on behalf of the intelligent women around the world, may i just say, phew. >> you saw what ted and shelly had together. we said, oh, no. we've got to do this relationship. >> ted and i understood what they were writing right away. >> if you'll admit that you are

carrying a little torch for me, i'll admit that i'm carrying a little one for you. >> oh, i am carrying a little torch for you. >> well, i'm not carrying one for you. >> diane knew how to tease sam. sam knew how to tease diane, and i guess we know how to tease the audience. >> incredible chemistry between the two of them ignited the show. that's what's drove the show for the first five years. >> what's the matter? >> i'm devastated. i need something brutal to blast me into sweet oblivion. make it a mimosa. >> we had the luck to be able to rotate cast and every time we put somebody in, they were explosions. >> there was something very special about that setting, those characters that i never got tired of writing that show.

>> sophisticated surveys, telephonic samplings, test audiences. all of those help to separate winners from losers and make midcourse corrections. you can't cut all comedies from the same cookie cutters. all you can hope is every night turns out like thursday. >> yo, angela! >> next. >> how rude. >> quick, i'll give him that. >> all television and, oh, maybe sitcoms are alive again. and that's all that it took. it took one success. >> a few years from now, something new may tempt the people that pick what we see. it's save whatever gets hot for a season or two those who create good television comedy will be laughing all the way to the bank. ♪

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yummy! this smells like strawberry. are these mints? given that 80% of kids who ever used tobacco started with a flavored product, who do you think tobacco companies are targeting? do we get to keep any? ♪ this is my last broadcast as the anchorman of the "cbs evening news." for me it's a moment for which i long have planned but which nevertheless comes with some sadness. for almost two decades, after all, we've been meeting like this in the evenings, and i'll miss that. and that's the way it is, friday, march 6th, 1981. i'll be away on assignment and dan rather will be sitting in here for the next few years. good night. >> uncle walter had dominated,

certainly cbs, but in a way, the country. people used to say he was the most trusted man in the country. >> once walter cronkite retires, all three network news anchors within a couple of years switch over to a new generation. the '80s may have been the last gasp where people liked and trusted the media. >> nuclear arms and how to prevent global destruction expected to be the major topic of president reagan's news conference tonight. that conference will be nationally televised within the hour. leslie stahl is at the white house. >> the white house is hoping -- >> in the '80s, women came into the newsroom. when i first joined, it was '72. there are very few. by the '80s, there were more and more. the decade of the '80s was still sink or swim. you had to be resilient in your own way to survive in a period when you were going up against a lot of people who still didn't think women had what it took. >> these are some of the most famous faces in broadcasting. all of them happen to be women.

>> the best producers, i'm going to get fired -- the best producers at cbs news are women. and they're at the level of taking hold and making decisions about individual pieces. they are not yet executive producers of all the news shows. but they will be. >> the pas24 hours, ristine craft has taken her cause to many of the nation's news and talk programs. >> i didn't set out to be joan of ark, but i think what happened to me deserves some attention. >> reporter: christine craft had a very successful career but there she was in her late 30s and the tv station said to her, we're taking you off the air because you've gotten older and you aren't as attractive as you once were, which was outrageous. she decides to make an issue of it. she filed a lawsuit and it became a huge national topic of discussion. >> a jury said she got a raw deal because she is a woman. >> women in television news everywhere were asked, what do you think about christine craft. >> unfortunately in recent years the emphasis has been on

physical appearance and to the extent this decision helped swing the emphasis back to substance and to good journalism. i think we've got something to be happy about. >> it was important to make the point that what mattered was, what's kind of reporter are you? it took the christine craft incident, i think, to bring that conversation out into the open. >> this coming sunday, a new television network opens for business. cnn. cable news network. you are throwing all the dice on this one. >> why not? nothing ventured, nothing gained. >> well, on that original point, mr. turner, thank you very much, indeed. >> i wanted to see what was going on in the world. and it was no way that you could do it watching regular television stations. news only comes on at 6:00 and 10:00. but if there was news on 24 hours, people could watch it any time. >> we decided on june 1 and barring satellite problems in the future, we won't be signing off until the world ends.

>> it was widely believed it was a fool's errand. how could this possibly find an audience? >> well, he did. >> camera three. >> good evening. i'm david walker. 'm lois harp. >> television news bore this was stuff that had already happened. for the first time, cnn brought the world to people in realtime. >> cnn, the world's most important network. >> i didn't do cable news network because somebody told me it couldn't be done. i figured it was a very viable concept, and i went ahead and did it. it was after we announced we were going to do it that the detractors showed up. >> is cable news network just going to be a new means of delivering the same kind of fare? >> no. it already does provide different fare. cable news network is a perfect and maybe the best example of that. >> people love news.

and we had lots of it. and the other guys had not very much. so choice and quantity won out. >> new york city, hello. >> the major catastrophe in america's space program. >> i am lou dobbs along with myron kandel. >> jessica mcclure trapped for almost three days in a dry well. >> the iron curtain between east germany and west berlin has come tumbling down. >> i'm pat buchanan, the conservative on "crossfire." >> the american people appreciated the new television. they certainly came to cnn in droves. >> mr. gorbachev and i both agree on the desirability of freer and more extensive personal contact between the peoples of the soviet union and the united states. >> we began to realize that the best way to get a message to a foreign leader was to have the president go in the rose garden and make a statement. because everybody was watching cnn. >> cnn was a breakthrough. it changed the whole world.

>> it changed quickly. the network news business. that business that we weren't the only ones. and it was hard. it's hard to be on the top little perch and have to come down off it. >> a special segment tonight, the network news. the first in a two-part series on the profound changes taking place in television news. changes being brought about by business, competition and technology. >> there were a variety of reasons why people who worked at the broadcast networks were freaked out in 1980s. one of them was cnn. and the rise of cable. another was being taken over by foreign entities in corporate america. >> new owners spend billions buying the networks recently, and all of them want their money's worth. >> people began to find out that news could be a profit center. and that focused a lot of attention on us. a lot from people in wall street, for instance. >> if you think about the news divisions of cbs, nbc and abc, they were part of a really proud tradition.

a journalistic tradition that really matters. we serve the public. this is not about profit and loss. the people who worked at those news stations were very freaked out by what it meant they were now owned by these larger corporate entities. >> the television news isn't profitable at some point there won't be any more television news on the networks. >> i worry about people only worried about money and power getting a hold of television. it has higher purposes than that. >> we have seen the news, and it is us. it's never been easier. except when it comes to your retirement plan. but at fidelity, we're making retirement planning clearer. and it all starts with getting your fidelity retirement score. in 60 seconds, you'll know where you stand. and together, we'll help you make decisions for your plan... to keep you on track. ♪ time to think of your future it's your retirement. know where you stand. ♪ time to think of your future as after a dvt blood clot,ital

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♪ sometimes ambition in a woman is considered to be a dirty word unfortunately. >> i don't hear the female voices reverberating in the halls. >> i'm sure there aren't more shows about women. >> it seems to be an area almost impossible to break through. >> i think the '80s were the era when women were being looked at. with a little skepticism, but definitely with more acceptability. you could see the door opening. but it wasn't wide open. >> cagney and lacey was huge. that there would be two women and they had a serious job and they solved crimes and were out on the streets and tough. that was emblematic or ot in front of what was happening in the country. >> so we're a terrific team.

>> by that point, hundreds of buddy cop shows. these buddies were women. it had never been done before. >> i didn't go after this job because i couldn't find anythin. all righ i did not come here because i needed some kind of work to help pay the orthodontist. this means something to me. >> what the hell are we talking about here? >> we didn't even realize this was going to be such a big deal. and strangely, all these guys would say to us, well, yeah. i mean, it's a good script, but who is going to save them in the end? >> come on. we're getting out of here. >> you don't take one more step. >> sergeant nelson, you have until 8:00 tomorrow morning to turn yourself in. if you don't, i will. >> it was the time where you really saw an emergence of women on television who were not necessarily just 20 and blond and had a small role.

but women who had substantial roles. ♪ thank you for being a friend ♪ traveled down the road and back again ♪ >> it was unpredictable that an audience, a young audience, a not so young audience and lots in between, could relate to those older ladies. >> ma, you couldn't see, why didn't you call me to come get you. >> i tried to. every time i put in a dime and dialed, a condom popped out. i got five in my pocket. here, dorothy. a lifetime supply. >> she was recently named as one of television's most gifted creative writers. when you look back at the past women's role models on tv, it's easy to see susan harris' impact. >> susan harris was the greatest writer of her generation at that time, singularly.

so all credit to her for coming up with so many iterations of something so amazing. >> do you think there is a woman's voice as a writer? >> woman's voice? they speak higher, softer? i should know not to ask that of ar. >> yes, ofours tre's a woman's voice. women have a different perspective. women laugh at different things. so, yes, there very definitely is a woman's voice. >> oh, do you know how many problems we have solved over a cheesecake at this kitchen table? >> no, dorothy. exactly how many. >> 147, blanche. >> cut-throat primetime time this fall as some 23 new shows compete in one of the hottest ratings races in years. >> here's one just about everybody predicts will be a big hit. >> suzanne if sex were fast

food, there'd be an art show on your bed. >> they created one of the funniest most unusual shows in designing they were feisty. they were sexy. and linda's voice came through shining. >> a man can get away with anything. look at reagan's neck. it sags gown to here. everybody raves about how great he looks. can you imagine if nancy had that neck? they'd be putting her in a flursing home for turkey. >> they have given me 23 minutes to address whatever topic i want and it's such a privilege. it's more than the president of the united states gets and it's kind of thrilling to have that every week. i would be lying if i said i didn't put my opinions in the show. >> excuse me. you lovely ladies look like you're in need of a little mail

companionship here. >> excuse me when i tell you at you have mpletely misassessed the situation at this table. >> i'm a woman and a writer but i don't enjoy ing called a women's writer. i think labels are harmful to us. >> with murphy brown, just about everything about that program felt new. the the civil rights movement and the women's movement had just begun to sort of be reflected in the programming that you saw on television in the '80s. >> murphy, you know the club is for men only. >> and they have great dinners with great guests and i don't get to go for one reason and one reason only and it has to do with something you have and i don't with a tiny, pathetic, a tiny pathetic little y chrome mo so many. >> murphy brown was sea change because she was so popular and such a strong, independent, tough woman. >> no matter what you think of a guest or views, you are obligated to ask the questions

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it will be on a week from thursday. [ laughter ] >> johnny carson in the '80s is making the transition from being the king of late night to being a national treasure. he was a throw-back to the old show biz stuff. >> i've been on with you for a some time. >> it's been a long time. >> well, you've been busy with other things. >> and the tide is starting to turn in terms of where late-night television is going to go, but johnny is kind of holding out. he was not necessarily of his time in the '80s, but he did sustain a certain timelessness. he's the king. [ laughter ] >> he's just playing. >> playing my [ bleep ]. >> my next guest not only has a college degree, but he also has a high school degree. >> that is right, i do. >> as well.

he's hosted the tonight show as often as johnny carson and now he has his very own show, weekday mornings at 10:00 on nbc. [ laughter ] >> ladies and gentlemen, what you're witnessing here is a good idea gone awry. a fun filled surprise turning into an incredible screw up right here. >> david letterman originally had a one-hour daytime show and nbc, after like 13 weeks, decided to cancel it. >> today it our last show on the air. monday las vegas. have these people been frisked? >> it was a dismal failure in terms of the ratings but not in terms of introducing us to letterman. >> thank you for being with us tonight. >> in smite of all this nonsense that goes around in the background, stay with us here in new york. we like having you. >> dave is back in new york.

you're going to host a late night television program that premieres monday night. what are critics likely to say tuesday morning. >> i don't much care because i found a way to deal with that, pills and whiskey. you're on. >> i'm on. i'm sorry. enjoying listening to you snort. >> they gave him the late night show after "the tonight show" and at the time, people thought who's going to watch television at 12:30 at night? who's up? i tell you who's up, young people, college people. >> is it going well. >> i know this is the first show. this guy needs a little support. >> he was anti-establishment at his core. he was thumbing his nose to any existing social structures. >> who are those women out there, by the way. >> neighbors. >> i'll get rid of them. >> hey. excuse me. keep it moving. come on. >> he kind of spoofed the whole notion of talk shows.

>> it's the late night guest cam. please say hello to tom hanks. here he is. >> no one could go on the david letterman show and try to steer it towards a point of view or push something in particular. he wouldn't stand for it. you're on to do one thing and one thing only. be as funny as the rest of the show. >> we can get in a two-shot here dave. we can send the crew home, couldn't we. >> you know, as a co biggest au you could get. for dave, he knew a lot of things that he would do were going to alienate people. he didn't care. he wanted his thumb print out there. that's the most important thing. >> it's time for a small town news. paul? excuse me, paul, do you have any accompanying music here for small town news. >>. paul schaefer, ladies and gentlemen. >> the show making fun of itself and turning itself inside out that way was something kind of new. >> don't we look like guys that you'd see hanging around

together. >> absolutely. >> would you like to hang around with me. >> flow. >> i'll say it again, this is the stupidest show. >> i thought i would never want to do this show with you? now why, because you thought i was. >> an [ muted ]. >> there is one rule i keep trying to abide by, and unfortunately, i only get to it about 12% of the time and that is, it's only television. we're not doing cancer research. if the 40-year odd history of commercial broadcasting has taught us one thing, there's nothing sacred about television. >> steven is upstairs. >> dave, i was just curious, is there any way i can get mtv on this? >> actually, steve, that's just a monitor and all you can get on that is our show. >> oh, that's okay. >> there was a degree of cynicism that was needed in the art form at that time, and it's a cynicism that just became common sense after awhile because it never got old.

>> i've watched johnny carson, and you are no johnny carson. [ laughter ] >> welcome to the great white north canadian corner. >> i'm bob mckenzie. this is my brother doug and today we got a big show because -- >> there was a second city chicago company and a second city toronto company. the toronto one is the one that fueled the sc tv series that was syndicated originally and got to the states that way. >> hail, hail. thank you very much for that marvelous reception. i particularly want to thank my supporters over there in the cesarean section. >> it is healthy to be an outsider. as a comedian. and canadians are always out siders but they're looking at the other culture that is right next door to them. >> i love you so much, i want to bury your children. >> it was the type of comedy

that had only been accessible if you could have gotten into the improv clubs in toronto or chicago. i had never seen anything like second city tv. >> james bridgeman, park dale. >> i'm sorry. no, never mind. i'm sorry. >> it was far more conceptual in its humor because it didn't have to be performed in front of an audience. and there was also just the idea that it was this sort of low-rent thing. it was this sort of by the seat of their pants kind of operation that gave it an authenticity. >> now that our programming day has been extended -- >> where do you want me to put the kielbasa? >> put it in the fridge, butch. >> you were rooting for the show and the characters they created. there was just something that you got behind. whereas "snl" right from the gate and through the '80s was this big enterprise. >> after five golden years, lorn decided to leave and so did

those close to him including me, al franken. so nbc had to pick a new producer. now most knowledgeable people, as you might imagine, hoped it would be me, al franken. >> well there was a question of whether "saturday night live" would continue at all. whether it would just die. >> the press hasn't been overly kind. >> i read that stuff. >> "saturday night live" is saturday night dead? >> from yucks to yk. >> my favorite is vile from new york. >> it's funny. >> they were having hard time and then came the man that saved the show, eddie murphy. >> there was buzz about him. so you tuned in and there was this kind of explosion of talent in front of your eyes. ♪ >> it really kind of rejuvenated the show. >> i'm gumby, damn it! you don't talk to me that way. >> after a while the show

regained its status and clout and became even more of an institution than it had been. [ laughter ] >> hey, bob. >> peter looks great today. >> if you're unhappy with my work, tell me now. you're through. you'll never work in this town again. >> don't leave me hanging by a thread. let me know where i stand. >> we were worried because we have a new cast but everyone loves us. >> you've been so nice to us during our stay. >> isn't that special? >> i'm hans. >> and i am frans and we just want to pump you up. >> a lot of things they could do on "saturday night live" they couldn't do on a sitcom. the humor was more daring and more satirical and it was political. >> you still have 50 seconds left, mr. president. >> let me just sum up, on track, stay the course. a thousand points of light. stay the course. >> governor dukakis, rebuttal? >> i can't believe i'm losing to

this guy. >> i'll get it. >> isle i'll get. >> it is gary shandling show. >> people were taking the old principles of comedy and turn them into something new. we spent years watching sitcoms and dramas and talk shows and we knew them by heart, if somebody played on that and parodied it, we got it instantly. >> i appreciate you coming in under these conditions. i really do. you want to hold the credits? okay. we were going to roll the credits and you screwed that up because you're late. >> the gary shandling show was aware of the fact that it was a situation comedy. it highlighted the cliches in funny ways. >> are you looking into the camera? >> no. no, i didn't. >> don't look into the camera. >> i didn't. >> you don't come in here and look in the camera. >> i didn't. >> i'll bop you. i will. if i see a tape of this show -- and you're looking into the camera --

>> well, it's about that time. >> "pee wee's playhouse" on cbs a so-caused saturday morning kids show that adults could watch and wink at each other as they were watching it, it was very clever. >> good morning. what is today's secret word? today's secret word is good. >> it was a show certainly for kids, and it was for stoned baby boomers who were totally wasted on saturday morning and watched "pee wee's playhouse" and saw god. >> i sure had a lot of fun! see you all real soon. until then, you better be good!

1968, the summer before high school, and i don't mind saying i was a pretty fair little athlete. >> "the wonder years" was a guy in modern times looking back on his childhood. that in itself is not new but "the wonder years" did it with a wit and with the music. it was a brilliantly written show and a great performance by that entire young cast. >> hey, steve -- looks like my baby brother and his girlfriend have found each other. >> she's not my girlfriend.

>> kevin arnold has to cope with all the timeless problems of growing up during one of the most turbulent times we have known. >> kevin arnold is just a like a regular kid except if the 1960s, and he's not really aware of many of the events, like in one of the episodes, the whole family's watching the apollo 8 takeoff and i'm sitting there trying to call a girl. >> the first episode of "the wonder years," anybody who saw it, remembers the ending where the first kiss with winnie and kevin arnold. the song they play is "when a man loves a woman." that moment seemed so pure and so real. ♪ when a man loves a woman can't keep his mind on nothing else ♪ >> the tone of the baby boomers in the 1960s is about rebellion, about being students. by 1980s, it is time to grow up and so they shave their beards, and they put on power suits, a

whole new notion. >> oh, the yuppies. last year the politicians were talking about winning their votes. now those young urban professionals and the rest of their baby boom generation are being wooed by advertisers and their agencies. >> by the '80s, it was pretty clear that the generation after the generation of the '60s maybe embodied by alex keaton on "family ties" seemed to be more interested in the corner office than the new jerusalem. >> you are a young man. you shouldn't be worried about success. you should be thinking about hopping on a tramp steamer and going around the world. >> the '60s are over, dad. >> thanks for the tip. >> you weren't laughing at michael j. fox's character for being too conservative. you were actually laughing at the parents for being too hopelessly liberal. >> what is this? i found it in the shower. >> that is generic brand shampoo. >> ah! >> this is him. this is the guy i've been telling you about.

this is everything you'd want in a president. >> the genius of "family ties" it allows a kind of youthful reaganite to recognize that is focused on the future and critique of the '60s. >> michael j. fox as alex keaton really became the center of the show. and writers were smart enough to see that they had something special and they wrote to that. >> it's not fair, alex. >> yeah, there is nothing you can do about it, jen. my advice to you is that you just enjoy being a child for as long as you can. i know i did. it's the best two weeks of my life. >> alex is a little bill buckley. the "wall street journal" is his bible. he has a tie to go with his pajamas. he is very conservative and very intense 17-year-old. >> the first thing the teacher is going to ask is what youou d over the summer. a lot of kids will say i went to the zoo or to the beach or to a baseball game. what are you going to say? >> i watched the iran contra

hearings. >> if mom and dad thought this generation was going to the dogs, think again. this is the generation that has discovered hard work and success. >> american culture is changing in the '80s. and in terms of television, there is a whole notion of demographic segmentation. >> networks were beginning to not be afraid to appeal to a very specific demographic. >> hey, handsome. look at that shirt. is that a power shirt or what? >> nice suit, allen. good shoulder pads. you looking to get drafted by the eagles? >> "thirtysomething" said we're not going to have cops, lawyers or doctors. we're just going to be about people. >> why did we start this business? >> to do our thing. but right now we have two wives, three kids, four cars, two mortgages, a payroll. and that's life, pal. you be the bread winner now. >> is that what i am. >> "thirtysomething" is a very important show as you are going

into the era of television being more introspective and more emotional. and some people weren't buying it. but for other people when they were talking about having kids and who was going to go back to work and some of these issues that hadn't been talked about a whole lot it was important to people. >> i was so looking forward -- i was so looking forward to doing this. to be a grown-up. for just an hour. >> in the beginning, there was talk of this being the yuppy show. and you mentioned it tonight. you said if there were a category for the most annoying show, this might win, as well. >> what some people perceive as annoying has nothing to do with yuppy. i think yuppy is a word made up by demographers and advertisers to sell soap. it doesn't have anything to do with what the show is. >> "thirty something" was not a giant hit. but it was a niche hit. it attracted an enormously upscale group of advertisers. >> the network cared who was watching and not how many were

watching and that was more and more catching on in the '80s. >> the prosecution will ask you to look to the law, and this you must do, but i ask you, that you look to your hears, as well. thank you. >> "l.a. law" was partly a classic lawyer show. but it was intertwined with their personal lives and different lawyers who were sleeping together and trying to get ahead. >> the reality level on that show was like a foot or two off the ground. and you're willing to go with that because it was a whole new spin on a law show. >> tell the truth. if you had to do it all over again and she walked into your office and said take my case, would you? >> well -- >> of course you would because it is juicy, newsy, exciting stuff. >> it was really fun to take "the hill street blues" format and use it to frame an entirely different social and cultural strata with vastly different results. >> i wonder if i might engage

with my client privately. >> certainly. >> what are you doing for dinner tonight? >> i was planning on having you. >> okay. skip lunch. >> the formula had gotten established of how you can do a dramatic show, and yet, still have an awful lot of fun. we didn't used to be able to accept that very easily in a tv hour. and even before the '80s were out, it is like, okay, i get it. so it is like, all right, what are the rules now. >> what are you doing? >> i'm doing what i should have done all along. what i wanted to do originally. what i should have done last night. stop that, david. i'm calling the police station. hello, police. >> the networks realized there was an audience looking for something less predictable than traditional prime time fare. >> "moonlighting" was another of those shows that said, okay, i see the formulas we have had up until here. let's do different things.

>> hello. >> hello. >> looking a little pale today, aren't we? who do we have here? >> i don't know. >> "moonlighting" was a really experimental show. they had a shakespeare episode and a black and white episode they did a musical episode. they tried a lot of different stuff. >> i don't give a flying fig about the lines in my face, the crow's feet by my eyes or the altitude of my caboose. >> well, i'm at a loss. i don't know what a flying fig is. >> that's okay. they do. >> there is no trouble on the set. there is no trouble on the set. >> well, we have a very volatile relationship. there is a hate-love element to it. >> easy come, easy go. hah! >> the flirtations were great and bruce and sybil were great. glen karen kept them apart for a long time. and bravo to him. >> what they did was they took the sam and diane dynamic from "cheers" and escalated it.

cheers was will they or won't they, moonlighting" was do they even want to. >> stay away from me. >> here i come. >> but i don't want you. i never wanted you. >> yeah, right. >> does entertaining mean at some point stopping the tease of dave and mattie? do they get together at some point? >> that is going to be resolved this year. we like to think of it as two and a half years of foreplay. >> people who had been watching for years were waiting for this moment and your emotions are already there, built on to the emotions you are seeing on the screen and so when "be my baby " starts playing, it is a perfect storm of romance. ♪ ♪ the night we met, i knew i needed you so ♪ today, unlimited gets the network it deserves. verizon. (mic thuds) uh, sorry. it's unlimited without compromising reliability, on the largest, most advanced 4g lte network in america.

(thud) uh... sorry, last thing. it's just $45 per line. forty. five. (cheering and applause) and that is all the microphones that i have. (vo) switch to unlimited on verizon now and get our best android smartphones for as low as $15 a month.

in recent years, it seems that television has become a kind of electronic confessional. where guests are willing to expose painful and sometimes embarrassing aspects of their lives quite readily to millions of viewers. >> at the beginning of the decade we get the dominance of phil donahue and that is sort of a maturation of women's issues and he seemed to talk to them in the audience and through the tv screen. >> i'm glad you called. kiss the kids. we'll be back in just a moment.

>> if you look at the body of work we've had, you're going to see the '80s there. >> i'm not here to say you're wrong. but let's understand this. when you bring a moral judgment without knowing them, against them for the way that they look, they feel that confirms the reason for their rebellion, if that is what you want to call it. >> he really believed that daytime television needed to talk about the ideas we were thinking about, the issues we were concerned about. >> i don't want to characterize his question, but why don't you get this fixed instead of doing this screwy stuff? >> there is not a single recorded case in history of any transsexual that ever, through psychological treatment, changed. it has never happened yet. >> and we were putting very important people on the program. all kinds of people. gay people. people going to jail. people running for office. sometimes the same people. it was a magic carpet ride.

>> you really do paint a very, very grim picture of the sitting president of the united states. >> let me just say this. i think he's probably the laziest president i've ever seen. >> the audience, for phil donahue, built and built and built and led the way to oprah. >> hello, everybody. >> oprah has a particularly magical combination of her own background, her own experience, her own incisive mind and empathetic spirit. >> thank you. i'm oprah winfrey and welcome to the very first national "oprah winfrey show." >> i was surprised at the rocket pace that oprah took off. because it took us a lot longer. the donahue show rearranged the

furniture but oprah remodeled the whole house. >> there are a lot of other people out there watching who really don't understand what you mean when you say we're in love because i remember questioning my gay friends saying, you mean you feel about him the way i feel about -- it's kind of a strange concept, you know, for a lot of people to accept. >> oprah was connecting with people in a way that no one had on tv before. and it was really special to see. >> did you know that for the longest time i wanted to be a fourth grade teacher because of you? >> i was not aware of inspiring anyone. >> i think you did exactly what teachers are supposed to do. they create a spark for learning. it is the reason i have a talk show today. >> oprah winfrey now dominates the talk show circuit, both in the ratings and popularity. >> i want to use my life as a source of lifting people up. that's what i want to do. that is what i do every day on my show. we get accused of being tabloid television and sensational and

so forth but what i really think we do more than anything else is we be as a voice to a lot of people who felt perhaps up until my show or some of the others that they were alone. >> that is what 67 pounds of fat looks like. i can't lift it. it is amazing to me that i can't lift it but i used to carry it around every day. >> there is nothing more enduring to an audience than to have that kind of honesty and humility and courage on the part of a host. and that, i think, has a lot to do with her power. >> it feels like i could do some good here and i really do think that the show does a lot of good. >> american television is drowning in talk shows. but it has never seen anything like morton downey jr. >> i want to tell you -- >> sit down and shut up. >> other competitors come and take the television talk show in two different directions. so you start seeing the phenomenon of daytime television shows becoming less tame and more wild. >> the '80s brought a lot of

belligerence to television. whether it was morton downey jr. being the offensive character ca tourish person that he was or geraldo. he did his own outlan dish things. >> stay with us, we're going to get into the mind of an american boy who came under the influence of satanism. and took part in a crime without passion or motive. >> geraldo rivera takes the power of the talk show to a whole other level trying to put people on stage who hate each other who are going to fight. >> in the case of the temple and the set and church of satan, we have not had problems with criminal behavior. among other -- >> yet, when you hear story after story after story of people committing these wretched crimes, the violent crimes, in the devil's name. >> the more attention there is, the more conflict and violence there is, the more the ratings go up and the american people love to complain about it but they also love to watch. >> geraldo rivera is back

tonight. he drew sharp criticism with his recent television special on devil worship but today he found himself in a real free for all. >> i get sick and tired of seeing uncle tom here trying to be a -- >> go ahead. go ahead. >> sit down. >> hey, hold it. hold it. >> roughera suffered a broken nose but he said the show will be broadcast later this month in its entirety. >> well, that is not something i would have done. but there was a lot of hypocrisy. >> one of the major magazines put the picture of him getting hit with a chair on the cover and the article said, isn't this awful? look what's happened to television and yet they couldn't wait to use it to sell their own magazine. >> let's go to the audience. all right? i want to speak to you guys. >> over the years, broadcasting has deteriorated and in this era of deregulation, it's deteriorating further. >> give people light and they

will find their own way. relax! america will survive the talk shows.

♪ big thing that changes in

the '80s was the number of hours spent watching television, goes up. the number of hours spent talking about television goes up. and one of those symbols of this phenomenon is "entertainment tonight." >> hi and welcome to our opening night. the premier edition of "entertainment tonight." >> all of the critics were kind of unanimous in that they said it will never last because there simply isn't enough entertainment news to fill a half hour every night. >> "entertainment tonight" has surveyed tv critics in the united states and canadian to find out which television shows had the most impact on viewers over the years. >> up until this time, nobody had done television like this. nobody. >> burt reynolds, the hottest actor in hollywood -- >> i'm surprised to see you here. >> i'm glad to see you. >> thank you. >> we can meet here every night if you like. >> a lot of what makes successful television programming is being in the right place at the right time. and it was the right time. >> entertainment journalism

evolved it got more curious and had more access. until that point, the entertainment business had been something we didn't know all that much about. >> we could go behind the scenes in our effort to really give an insiders' look. >> the crafty old j.r. of "dallas" fame was with his mother actress mary martin as he was presented with a star on the hollywood walk of fame. >> it was very honorific of the industry. they would do serious coverage of it. it wasn't salacious. you would see actors speaking as actors instead of on a johnny carson show. >> what are you like off camera? >> i'm like this. oh, this is on camera. >> this is on camera. >> it was the beginning of a lot of money being made talking about entertainment and celebrities. >> robert redford plays the good guy in the movies but don't tell that to his neighbors in utah. they are still bitter and redford is the target of their ire. >> the audience grew and grew and that was showing us that the appetite for celebrity news was big. it was big.

>> get ready for "lifestyles of the rich and famous." television's most dazing hour of excitement. >> hi, i'm robin leach in monaco. the glittering gem of the rivera. and you've got a vip ticket to prince rainier's private party >> your sunday newspaper is still delivered with the comics around the news. and that was what i always thought "lifestyles" was. we were the comic around the news. except we did it as seriously as they did news. >> finally, in the driving seat of his own career, he burned rubber in a new direction. david hasselhoff, rock idol. >> it was a time where pushing the limits with wealth and ostentatiousness in a lot of cases was very comfortable. >> one of the earliest stories we presented to you on "lifestyles" was about the amazing real estate wizard donald trump. if he didn't shock and surprise you back then, he's had plenty of time since. >> with all of this costing

billions, not millions, do the figures ever frighten you? >> no, the answer is it is my business and my life. it is my lifestyle. i love it. the good, the bad. >> does this bring with it political aspiration? >> no political aspiration. >> your show has gotten a lot of ridicule. there are people who say it's nothing more than trash. >> that doesn't upset me because i think it is the best trash there is on television. i'm not in the business of brain surgery. i'm in the business of fluff. >> it's the fantasy element at a time when the access is possible. it's escapism and it's aspirational. you want to stand in a hot tub with a glass of champagne? rock on. >> we'd never seen that kind of wealth ever before. we didn't mock it. we didn't say it was right and we didn't say it was wrong. we were just through the keyhole. sometimes it absolutely amazes me. i walk away from a shoot and i think, well, we did it again. >> there was more of everything

in tv by the 80s. your opportunities for watching stuff is increasingly vast. >> nbc presents "real people." >> my name's michael wilson. it dawned on me a motor on roller skates might be a great thing. >> somebody once said that each one of us will be a star for 15 minutes and i think that will probably happen. >> american culture used to be a culture that celebrated privacy. in the 1980s as we're watching celebrities play out on stage, hey, i want to join too. all the world becomes a stage and you start seeing shows like "real people" or "the people's court." "the people's court" where reality television is taken one step further. >> to see more tv producers had to come up with new and different ways to give them television. >> don't be stupid! come over here! i told you not to be stupid. >> what "cops" did, was it took away the script and just brought the camera people and the crews

on location to try and catch actual things happening. >> cocaine. possession of a stolen firearm, no less. what else are you going to do?

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♪ with this ring -- >> with this ring -- >> i thee wed. >> i thee wed. >> with my body -- >> with my body. >> i thee honor. >> i thee honor. >> the biggest television event of the 1980s is the marriage of charles and diana. it is like the world stops when that happened. i mean, that was like, just massive. >> this was the final act of a spectacle that may never again be seen in this century, if ever. >> the archbishop of canterbury called the wedding of prince charles and lady diana spencer today the stuff of fairytales. >> good evening. the royal couple at this hour is off on the honeymoon while the people here in london are still talking about the events of the day. >> when you have great moments like the royal wedding, they're a part of history and it's done beautifully and everybody has a chance to watch it all on television and everybody just

wants to drink a toast to chuck and di. >> a princess who must now be aware as it was on this day that every single move she makes in public will be recorded and observed. a very difficult life, indeed. >> we'll be back in just a moment with closing observations and one final look at what has justifiably been called the wedding of the century. >> by the authority of the state of new york, i pronounce that they are husband and wife. you may kiss the bride. >> your wedding was seen by an astonishing number of people. 16 million and 19 million viewers. how do you account for that kind of popularity? >> oh, i can't. i can't. the way it's grown, it's amazing to me. >> it did appear in the '80s it was a good time for daytime soap operas, especially for a show like "general hospital" which had the great discuss with luke and laura's wedding.

>> i remember when luke and laura got married because it was nighttime newsworthy. >> the soap opera discovers the blockbuster mentality, the sweeps month mentality. what can we do to get even more people watching? you have a wedding. you have a kidnapping. you have an evil twin and primetime stole from daytime. >> after "dallas" proved that ewing oil is better than real oil for cbs, the network's rushed to give the public more. >> the great time time soap operas, "dallas" and "dynasty," they are all about excess. this is about being over the top, and stabbing each other in the back and going for the gusto and having fun. >> i know what is wrong with you. the empty armed madonna, mourning the baby that she couldn't have and the baby that she almost got to adopt. that is it, isn't it? >> you miserable bitch! ♪ >> there was a bigness to the stories. and they could afford to do it on a network if you are doing one episode a week.

you can't do that if you are doing five episodes a week for a daytime show. so just the production value gave it that pizzazz. >> if you can't have it, watch other people with it, or so say the three networks who are programming nearly 40% of the prime time fare with series of the very rich and the public is devouring it at such a rate that make believe money has become ratings gold. >> the characters were larger than life and more evil and more cunning and manipulative. and more gorgeous. i mean, really, look at the way they were dressed. look at the way they lived. everything, it was fascinating. >> alexis? >> yes? >> i didn't thank you for your present. >> it is he you should slap, dear. not i. >> we all wanted to live like on "dynasty," like the kerringtons

and an all ended up being a wonderful picture of fun and debauchery. >> greed was encouraged in the '80s. there was a sense of conspicuous consumption as being okay, and those shows kind of exploited that. >> prime time families like the kerringtons who live here in luxury on the dynasty sound stage are not the only rich folk on tv. in the last five years more than half of all new shows featured the wealthy. ten years ago that figure was zero. >> it was an accident. your father is dead. >> "falcon crest" was a wine family. there is lorenzo llamas and there's ronald reagan's first wife jane wyman is on that show. >> emma is pregnant. >> i know a doctor who could take care of it right away. >> that will never happen. >> all of those shows were, oh, my god, what is next? what is going to happen next? he can't get away with that. it was appointment television.

>> what will become of the missing twins on "knott's landing." >> they all had spinoffs. "the colbys" is a spinoff of "dynasty." they were seeing how much they could max this stuff out because it was successful. >> where is your son miles? isn't he going to be a part of this venture or just playing polo as usual? >> the colbys could always find room for another trophy. >> you had people fighting over oil and mansions and it was fantasy but in a kind of so over the top way that it was fun. >> there is nothing devious about using your femininity. >> these shows took themselves so unseriously that they were camp, but that was okay with the central audience that was loving them. >> it was entertainment. we weren't trying to do high drama. we were there to entertain. we were glossy. there was no getting around it. we knew what they were there for and we did it as best we could. sometimes you just know when you hit a home run.

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extensive media company in history. he arrives in america and basically says i don't see the why there should only be three broadcast networks. i'm going to make another one. >> meantime he will have to become an american citizen if he is to own tv stations here, and something murdoch says he is willing to do. >> there are some people who are saying that it will take you 20 years to get your fox network on a par with the big three. are you prepared to wait that long? >> sure, i certainly intend to live that long. but i don't believe in the 20 years. >> the reaction to his idea for a fourth threat work was similar to the reaction of ted turner starting cnn. it's ridiculous. what does he know about television? >> we don't think of ourselves as abc, cbs or nbc, and we don't have to reach anyone, and we all have to work harder to get our message across and get shows sampled. >> they had an idea that in

order to succeed, we have to do things they would not do. >> fox started throwing anything against the wall, and not knowing what was going to go. first shows were things like "21 jump street." >> what are we looking for here? >> joan rivers in terms of late night. >> we have been banned in boston, which i think is wonderful. wxne, so pick a finger, wxne. >> and "the tracy ullman show." >> it was a sketch show, and they needed something to go between the sketches. again, they were looking for something different. >> i have got to have those candy bars. >> better not be thinking of stealing those candy bars. >> that's it! >> "the simpsons" would never have come along had it not been for "the tracy ullman show." >> ultimately, crying hurts the criminal. >> that's not true, mom. i got a free ride hope, didn't i? >> fox was thrilled it was different. they said, sure, be

experimental, and do whatever you want, and we are just happy to have a show on the air. >> i'm home! >> "married with children" was their first big, big hit in that way that said if all the rest of television is going this way, we are going that way. >> bud, kelly. you want to come down and help me in the kitchen? that should buy us about ten minutes. seven more than we will need. >> the title of "married with children" on the script was not the "cosby show." how great. you have to love that. taking the piss out of american families, how fun? great fun. >> hurry up bud. never wanted to have kids. i got two of them. how the hell did this happen? >> the bundy's were like a reaction to the perfection of the huxtables.

you had these wonderful black people and then these miserable white people. >> why don't we sit down. >> there was a lot of fun to be had in al and peg bundy. >> after fox introduced "married with children," and does very, very well then back on abc, they came up with another major hit, "roseanne." >> you think everything gets done by some wonderful wizard. poof, the laundry is folded. poof, dinner's on the table. >> you want me to fix dinner! i'll fix dinner. i'm fixing dinner. >> you just fixed dinner three years ago! >> typical american families weren't on television for the longest time. the donna reed days, the early days, the father knows best, hardly anybody really lived like that, and that was the way advertisers wanted you to live. >> i know what just might make you feel better. >> me too, but i better it's a different list than what you got. >> the ideal situation, if you

can subvert whatever common stuff is said about families and about parenting -- >> what's in this? >> i got you kids new leg irons. >> her loudness and her unfilteredness were key to why we liked her. she was saying stuff about working class people and saying stuff about men and women and so it was about marriage and about raising kids and about how hard it is. >> great, i will just look like a freak, that's all. >> what else is new? >> shut up! >> this is why some animals eat their young. >> tv in the '80s was a big decade for the evolution of comedy, for the evolution of drama. it just pushed everything forward. >> do you think perhaps this generation are paying more attention to the dialogue and relationships that they see on television than in years previous? >> clearly the people that are watching our shows are, and "30 something," and "cheers," and

is it st. elsewhere." these are shows that are smartly written. it's their words that define them, and i think that's what people like. >> what we are supposed to be here is the one thing people can trust, and if you go out there like a bunch of night riders, what the hell are you but just another vicious street gang? >> that decade spawned an extraordinary number of shows that really carved out a unique nich for themselves. we began to turn television into an art form. and for the first type, people were proud to say, i wright write for television. >> up until that point, television was second class. in the '80s, it was something else entirely, and it was new and it was kind of interesting. >> it's like everybody in the '80s starts to want to tell their stories. that's what really changes things. >> the unexpected was more welcome in the '80s, and predictability lost its cache. >> television has an impact on

every era, every decade. >> television still shapes america like no element in the country, sometimes for the better and sometimes for the worse. >> it gave rise to people pursuing artistic content in a way that i think has raised the bar in television production exponentially. >> i love you guys. >> there's a shift in the '80s from just wanting to placate the audience to wanting to please and challenge the audience, and that's the decade when it happened. >> we had one hell of a run, didn't we partner? >> yeah, we sure did. >> i'm going to miss you, man. >> i'm going to miss you, too, sonny. >> want to give me a ride to the airport? >> why not? >> why not? ♪ -- captions by vitac -- www.vitac.com

allegations that u.s. air rapids killed 200 people in iraq. hong kong has a new leader chosen by the country of the elite. she says she will unify a divided nation. >> why president trump's vow to crack down on undocumented immigrants is increasing fear and worry among some domestic abuse victims. it is all ahead. welcome to our viewers in the united states and around the world. i'm natalie allen. >> i'm ivan watson in hong kong. "cnn newsroom" starts right now.