welcome to all of you. i'm fareed zakaria. today, the massacre on the las

vegas strip. another reminder of america's extraordinary gun problem. the time to talk about it is now and that's what we are going to do for this entire show. what can we learn from other countries? what does the second amendment actually say? what could the united states government do to keep its citizens safer. all this the stop the madness show. now here is my take. >> a sick man. a demented man. >> that was donald trump trying to explain the latest mass shooting in the united states. we hear this expressed routinely. it is a dodge, a distortion of the facts and a cop out faster than necessary response. there's no evidence that the las vegas shooter was insane.

you'll notice i prefer not to use his name. we won't show his photo either. we will not show a mental illness for had he that would suggest any such condition. he was clearly an evil man but evil is not crazy. if we define the attempt to take an innocent human being's life then of course every murder is mad. if not we should recognize it is a meaningless term that adds little to our understanding of the problem. actually the quick assumption of mental illness distorts the assumption. such people are not highly prone and to the extent some are more likely to inflict arm on themselves.

calling for better mental health care is more often than not an attempt to divert attention from the main issue, guns. every conversation should begin with one mindingly clear fact. the unite is on his own planet. the gun death rate is ten times that of other advanced industrial countries. places have zero gun related deaths in a year. the united states has around 30,000. this disparity is the central fact that needs to be studied, explained and addressed. the rate of mental illness in the united states is not the rate in britain.

america does have about and far few other restrictions. it is not a case of america being different. they have among to most gun related deaths. those with lowest rates generally have the few steps. how to tackle this issue. it is made familiarly one of the mane government agencies. the centers for ktsds spon sorg research that might advocate or

promote gun control. . so we'll have a sign on reer ch. iven the second amendment and gun lob that -- yuniversal background checks. a ban on selling to people with a history of domestic violence or substance abuse. first we -- when you consider the stubborn inaction of gun violence i some times wonder if it is all of us americans who are crazy. for more go to cnn.com/fareed. let's get started.

♪ let's dig deeper with three guests. he is the author of "thank you for being late". david is a senior editor at the atlantic. his article was mass shootings don't lead inaction. they lead to loosening gun restrictions. tom, let me ask you what you meant when you said it would have been dealt with very differently if the guy was muslim. >> had it been an attack by

muslim it would have been a second largest terrorist attack in america since 9/11. we know how president trump reacts and as a vote. we know he is trying to proprose a ban to prevent people traveling here he thinks will attack. i'm sure we would have had a nonpartisan commission. who let these people through. in this case basically nothing is happening.

when the perpetrator is a foreign country we say how do we prevent it from ever happening again. when the country of origin is us we hear no evil, speak no evil, see no evil. >> something like 100 people have been killed in terrorist attacks since 9/11. something like 150,000 people have died of gun deaths since 9/11. gun laws weep getting looser after each of these attacks. >> because public opinion believes guns make your safer. the american people believe and that belief has been rising that guns make them safer. it's not considered to say the

american people are wrong. guns in the home are dangerous. if you put a gun in your house you're putting your children at risk. we restrict ourselves to certain topics because we have such a powerful vested interest. we have reached a place where it is legal for a gunman to strap a gun around his neck and walk and do so long as he doesn't take the 999th pace no one can say anything. youm have to assume gun own ownership a right. >> his people are confronting a

kind of post industrial fwhorld which there is very and guns play that role. >> no matter how plblatantly an the sexual ang highties. it is about reinserting a man's place. how can you be. >> how do you any people are are i want to go back that it is a cultural phenomenon. i think the response of the very same people to the threat of cry mat change. it is base to sit a certain

identity porker in the wake of the two more that we caused now about 200 dl dollars in dlak it has kled ul oes 60 people. we have a republican party that is saying the right response for both of those things is to do nothing.travesty. when we come back, is gun control the answer? maybe not. leah will tell us what she found when she studied the subject.

fd business has been great. they're affordable and fast... maybe "too affordable and fast." what if... "people" aren't buying these books online, but "they" are buying them to protect their secrets?!?! hi bill. if that is your real name. it's william actually. hmph! affordable, fast fedex ground.

...from godaddy! in fact, 68% of people who have built their... ...website using gocentral, did it in under an hour, and you can too. build a better website - in under an hour. with gocentral from godaddy. thisto a hilarioushing baudiobook on audible.g

and this woman is laughing because she's pretending her boss's terrible story is funny. still actually laughing. no longer making a human noise. experience the comedy, not your commute. dial star-star-audible on your smartphone to start listening today.

from thecompanystore.comwith the new lacrosse comforter made in america and handcrafted in wisconsin. our exclusive hypoallergenic down and special breathing technology senses your body to never be too hot or too cold, so you are guaranteed the best sleep ever. starting at only $99 including shipping and a lifetime guarantee. for your best friend - our new dog beds are just as dreamy and made with the same quality and advanced technology. this offer is for a limited time, so visit thecompanystore.com today.

we are back now. leah you wrote an article that went viral on the washington post that was tielt led i used to think gun control was the answer. why don't you quickly summarize what you meant. >> when i started looking at proposals and gun control i found that somewhere incoherent. we saw praise limiting silencers as a response to a las vegas shooters. when they badly named. they don't make them silent. they make them quieter but still very noisy. assault weapons are a gun that have too many features you can add onto it. they sound like they are posed by someone who doesn't know

anything about guns. they erode politicians posing more serious solutions. >> i have to to say this is a very complicated one correct it points out that there's overwhelming evidence that tighter gun control, fewer guns has an impockeact. you can see the united states has ten times as many deaths. you can see it within american states, the countries that have -- the states that have more guns. it felt like you were try to go find a controversial conclusion. ? >> i believe if there were a lot fewer guns tomorrow we'll see a

lot fewer gun deaths because guns would not be available to people. the looking at the marge mall it didn't transform a country into a much lower because when you do a buy back you're not sure what you're buying back. >> and many of these cases the rates are so low. it's england the gun deaths kept rising after their buy back. it --

>> you can see rise in eng lachbltd it makes it hard for me to say i'm confidence it will make a difference. >> what do you say when we have almost 70 as many as japan. do we have 75 times vie rent video games. >> i think as a major tribing factor. they say it worked in eng and and kwrk i would expect her

being will they make america suddenly who doesn't have the attraction to them? >> let me say one thing. the thing that is false is the suggestion there are other alternatives. they are all more intrusive and more expensive. there are 23 pistol over the age of 65. by the with way, the factor is race. the intellect chul debate is political.

in interverngntions that are discussed is the beginning of a cu cultural change. let's start by pounding into peoples heads if you keep a gun in your house because you think your a good parent you're a bad parent. you're putting them at risk. if you're accumulating these weapons the fact that you think it makes you ir ri responsible important. >> last word. >> i happened to red. they imposed on very stren

stringent point with gun buy back. it is down 20% since 1996. they had a year where they had two. 22 for them caused a national crisis. you have to find the right ways to do it. we may not be tauing about them but it. >> next, the second amendment, what did the 27 words mean when they were written? that's when we come back.

the first ten amendments were ratified. they formed what we call the bill of rights. the second of those amendments were comprised of these seemingly simple 27 words, a

well regulated malitia being regulated to the economy of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms should not be infringed. they might be the most debated 27 words in the english language. listen to what former chief justice, a conservative nominated by richard nixon had to say in 1991 about the amendment. >> this has been the subject of one of the greatest pieces of fraud. i repeat the word fraud on the american public by special interest groups i have ever seen in my lifetime. >> i want today bring in one of america's finest constitutional scholars to discuss what the second amendment means. he is a law professor at jail university. what burger was talking about there is the fact that in his view there had been a

reinterpretation to claim that individuals have this unviable right to own firearms. they have gone through a so we have a vision at the founding and it emphasizes malitias. america bought a military war. lexington concord, bunker hill. it is localist, military collective. that's the first vision. >> and that's probably where it comes out of. >> in the initial language. then america's history is defined by our wars. the next big constitutional war is the civil war and in that war the central government are the heros, union army and the

constitution is amended with a different vision of arms bearing. so after the civil war the national rifle association is founded. it is a group of exunion should be and they believe you should have a gun in your home for your own direction. the educational background one. >> so then bring us to the 1970s and what happened? >> in the 1960s and 70s liberalinliberals say we want the right of criminal defendants. this is the war in court revolution and start to more vigorously start these civil liberties and say wait a minute.

if you're going to invigorate and then more fifth and sixth amendment rights of criminal defendants, what about the second? so the nra starts to try to reinvigora reinvigorate. true to its own roots tends to emphasize this individual right. there is pushback to people like warren burger. it seems like a new idea. >> it does seem to me that it is correct in one sense, which is -- this is a very oddly phrased amendment. the first clause kind of makes no sense in the sense that what follows -- it doesn't follow logically. how does one think of it? what he seems to be saying is founders meant is in the context otherwise why are those words

there the. >> i think he has a fact about the founding but he says congress shall bridge no law. of course they si -- by the way, neither can states or localities. we have a broader view and because after the civil war a new amendment passed and it actually says no state shall make or enforce any which will abridge the privileges. what are they? basic rights, fundamental rights. we have a different understanding of the bill of rights than the founders did. >> and we also find them, one final thing. if you look at state institutions almost all of them today and in the 1860s, almost all of them have today strong

after firm ma affirmatio affirmations. >> looking at this gun violence and the fact that the united states is so far apart from the rest of the world, if people want to do something about it, what do you say as a constitutional scholar? what is the leway? >> i don't have a gun in my own home. they scare me a bit. that said i think we liberals should concede that people do have a right to have a gun in their home for self-protection and once we conceive that then we can talk about reasonable regulations and the other side went say every single thing that

you propose is the first step on a slippery slope that will lead to total confiscation. >> okay. pleasure to have you on. >> thank you. next, i have a message to all who say gun control education will never happen. you're wrong. i'll show you a country where conserve tifr government did actually pass serious gun control legislation. i will introduce you to a a foreign minister. crest pro-health mouthwash provides all... ...of these benefits to help you get better dental check-ups. go pro with crest mouthwash. checkup? nailed it you know what's difficult? adulting... hi, guys. i'm back. time to slay! no,i have a long time girlfriend. you know what's easy? building your website with godaddy. get your domain today

and get a free trial of gocentral. build a better website in under an hour. i kept looking for ways to manage my symptoms. i thought i was doing okay. then it hit me... managing was all i was doing. when i told my doctor, i learned humira is for people who still have symptoms of moderate to severe crohn's disease even after trying other medications. in clinical studies, the majority of people on humira saw significant symptom relief and many achieved remission.

humira can lower your ability to fight infections, including tuberculosis. serious, sometimes fatal infections and cancers, including lymphoma, have happened; as have blood, liver, and nervous system problems, serious allergic reactions, and new or worsening heart failure. before treatment, get tested for tb. tell your doctor if you've been to areas where certain fungal infections are common, and if you've had tb, hepatitis b, are prone to infections, or have flu-like symptoms or sores. don't start humira if you have an infection. just managing your symptoms? ask your gastroenterologist about humira. with humira, remission is possible.

a nation in mourning decided

that enough was enough. a conservative government passed strict gun control laws and bought back over 600,000 guns already in circulation. gun homicides fell 59% and gun suicides fell 65% according to one study. here to tell us all about it is tim fisher, the deputy prime minister who helped to get the pressures passed. thanks for joining us. >> when people think about the rest of the world they tend to think that countries outside of the united states have a very different culture and attitude towards guns. australia is not so different. it is a settler's society. people have a long and proud history of gun ownership.

was it hard to introduce the kind of measures give than culture? >> it was hard, but we just have to muscle up. we have to make a set of decisions and negotiate and then take the arguments to the public square and step-by-step myself and many others won the arguments not with standing some intervention into the australian scene to try to our efforts down here. >> the part of the country you come from is actually particularly proud of its guns and the gun culture. what was the argument you made to people who had guns? you're a farmer yourself? you're a gun owner yourself? >> yes. i am. i speak to you just a few

kilometers from gun shops and we have a law-abiding culture. i am not anti-gun. we have drained the suburbs and towns of australia of semi automatics and that is a good thing and it stacks up when you see the outcome in term of no mass gun shootings since 1996. do you think if fundamental thing that is lacking is courage among politicians, correct? >> i realize i represent the demon si and the second amendment as it is worded including the mention of the world malitia.

there are i'ms it's a way to fine this exact right time. this is a few days after the mass shooting in vegas. this is the 1st of october. you can cannot do something. we'll have the two pog. what a powerful thing it would be if five former presidents were to push for incountto brin

before another mass shootings across the u.s.a. >> are you hopeful? do you think something could change? >> nothing this time around. there will be widespread condemnation and i believe at the best days it is now approaching disangst -- it is -- why do you have to have unlimited size magazines to go hunting, to go shooting in a legal circumstance? of course the answer is you do

not. the problem is a number of guns and the availability of those guns in circumstance after circumstance. you fouled a deal with that. it will have implications from the rest of the global village. >> pleasure to have you on. >> thank you. up next, lessons from another nation, a nation that has had a homicide by gun rate of zero. what can the united states learn from that country? well jd power did just rank them highest in investor satisfaction with full service brokerage firms... again. and online equity trades are only $4.95... i mean you can't have low cost and be full service. it's impossible. it's like having your cake and eating it too. ask your broker if they offer award-winning full service and low costs. how am i going to explain this? if you don't like their answer, ask again at schwab.

schwab, a modern approach to wealth management. (vo) do not go gentle into that good night, old age should burn and rave at close of day; rage, rage against the dying of the light. do not go gentle into that good night. ♪ ♪

♪ ♪ listen up, heart disease. you too, unnecessary er visits. and hey, unmanaged depression, don't get too comfortable. we're talking to you, cost inefficiencies, and data without insights. and fragmented care, stop getting in the way of patient recovery and pay attention. every single one of you is on our list. at optum, we're partnering across the health system to tackle its biggest challenges.

as you hear in a moment it is extremely difficult to get a gun license in japan and even mobsters are all but afraid to use guns. it's remarkable. i'm not saying america can't ever be like japan for should it be like japan but i want you to see this system because it produced close to zero gun deaths annually in recent years.

>> japan has some of the strictest gun laws in the world. the basic premise of those laws, if you want to own a gun, good luck. japan's firearm and sords control. no one shall possess a firearm before listing a few exceptions for hunters in other categories. for the brave few willing to apply for one they face a bureaucratic obstacle course. ask a former u.s. marine when we met him in 2013. he told us he was one of only a handful of foreigners in japan to legally own a gun. back at his house he showed us the binders full of paperwork he had to deal with over the years.

they were a bit overwhelming to explain. >> what do you have to do? >> initially -- >> he took over 20 hours of lectures, a written test, a shooting range class and passed a criminal background check. a doctor gave him a full physical and psychological exam and he visited the police station more than five times where he was interviewed in an interrogation room. >> are you having any trouble with problems, drugs, family, work, money. >> they questioned his family, coworkers and even his neighbors and to top it off he had to give them a detailed map of his home. >> to give a map of where your firearm will be stored is kind of unusual and photos that detail all of the locks that we have to have in there and show

that it's done properly. >> it took him over a year to get approved. he must renew his various licenses regular ri. the intrusion would never be tolerated in the u.s. >> it's meant to discourage people from trying to get a gun and it works. japan has fewer guns per person. less than one firearm than 100 people according to one estimate. and the country's gun murder rate is astonishingly low. in 2015 this nation of 127 million counted only one gun mufrmtd that's right, one. the u.s. capita was nearly four times that of japan.

they have reportedly had enormous reach by morgan stanley. many don't like conducting business with a gun. >> guns are like nuclear weapons. >> he sat down with us to give us his take on the mob's attitude. he insisted on wearing a mask but showed was his tattoos and partially missing finger. >> guns are kept and controlled

by strict regulations within the organization. so it's prohibited for members to take the gun out and use it. >> that's because punishments for gun infractions are very high in january ja pan he says. simply firing a gun can get you life in prison. and if a foot soldier gets caught with a gun his boss can also be held responsible. >> there aren't specific orders on what we should use but obviously only nooif ors japane japanese swords instead of knives. >> if you make strict gun control laws and you assign cops

to enforce -- you have to do it. next, how 3 d printing makes america's gun problem worse. it is the next technological revolution coming up. and you can too. build a better website - in under an hour. with gocentral from godaddy.

americans own more guns per capita than residents of any other country. it brings me to my question. what percentage own nearly half

of the civilian firearms in this country? is it 3%, 13%, 23% or 43%? stay tuned and we'll tell you the correct answer. this week's book of the week is "the remains of the day". he was issued a nobel prize this week and his finest work is the remains of the day. if you have seen the movie trust me, the book is much better. it is beautifully written but in a story about duty, memory, politics and love. and now for the last look, 3d printed plastic guns have been around. did you know there are ways to mill and assemble -- for under 2 grand it will now allow you to mill the frame of an n 1911

handgun or if you prefer an ar-15 rifle. these normally have serial numbers so authorities can track them. the guts of it can be easily purchased online. this company allows you you to mill and assemble untraceable concealable guns without any prior experience. the company's founder told us the gun world already knows what this means. the fact that we are able to do 1911 means we we are able to do anything. i am remiennded of a quote. it has become appallingly obvious. the answer to my gps challenge is 3% of american adults own an estimated 130 million guns, roughly half of all civilian

firearms in the united states according to a study to be published later this year. that means 7.6 million own an average of 17 guns each. he was set to have an arsenal of more than 40 guns. thanks for being part of my program this week. i'll see you next week. i'm brian. welcome to our viewers in the united states and around the world. this is reliable sources, our weekly look at the story behind the story, of how the news gets made. in the aftermath how was the nra using the media to shape the gun debate? we'll have a rare look with editor marty and we'll have the latest on the harvey weinstein barrel. numerous allegations published in the new york times. why did it take so long for these allegations to come to light?