show me rock of the year. i remember those guys. yeah, the one on the right still owes me five bucks. xfinity x1 gives you access to moments from the american music awards just by using your voice. catch the encore performance by bebe rexha featuring florida georgia line, only with xfinity on demand. this is "gps" the global public square. welcome to those of you in the u.s. and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria. donald trump returns from asia, declaring victory. >> my fellow citizens, america is back and the future never looked brighter. >> what does the world actually think of donald trump? we'll get that view from across the atlantic. and zimbabwe and poland.

>> also is the american economy in a dangerous crisis? gates, bezos and buffett have 5 50%. and our biggest economic, social and political issue. then first mosul fell, then raqqa. what is the so-called islamic state without a state? is radical islam dying out? i will talk to salman rushdi about that and his new novel. first, here's my take. donald trump graded his asia trip this week. not surprisingly, he thought it was a tremendous success. our great country is respected again in asia, he tweeted. all recent polling data from the

region suggests the opposite. a core focus of trump's trip was japan and south korea, for example. only 17% of south koreans and 24% of japanese express confidence in him. that is down from 88% and 78%, who expressed confidence in president obama during his second term. trump's rhetoric of self interest in america first was seen by asians as a sign of retreat in contrast to chinese president xi jinping's more open, outward looking and ambitious agenda. however, trump's foreign policy faces a new challenge now that could further disrupt the middle east. already the most unstable part of the world. trump has given the green light to an extraordinary series of moves in saudi arabia that can only be described as a revolution from above. some of them suggest real and long-needed reforms but all appear to have the risk of destabilizing saudi arabia and the middle east. saudi arabia's new crowned

prince mohammed bin salman has moved to consolidate power in all directions, jailing conservative clerics on the one hand and advocates of political reform on the other. his most recent targets have been some of the kingdom's most powerful princes, including the head of the national guard as well as the billionaire investor al waleed bin talel on the basis of corruption. the reasons given seem suspect. every prince in saudi arabia has partaken in the institutionalized corruption embedded in the system. if this were really about corruption, alwaleed is the last saudi prince you would go after. three pillars of stability, the royal family. it has intermarried with a second pillar of saudi society, the tribes. these two ally with the final pillar, the ultra orthodox religious establishment.

mohammed bin salman has taken all all three pillars. in doing so, he is altering the very structure of the saudi regime, from a patronage state based on con sesensus to a poli state based on central control. the greater puzzle and greater danger is while taking on this bold and risky domestic agenda, the crown prince has also made a series of aggressive moves abroad. he has escalated saudi intervention in yemen with air, land and sea blockades and bombing strikes. in lebanon he apparently forced the prime minister to resign, hoping to destabilize the shia dominated government. all of these are a part to fight back against the growing influence. these are blunt rules for a complex challenge. the saudis, for example, are attempting to dislodge the iran backed shiite group hezbollah and punish qatar for its alleged

ties to the group. for several years now, the saudis and americans have been in an unspoken alliance with hezbollah against the islamic state. the islam state is being largely defeated by american-backed kurdish forces and shiite militias, including hezbollah. in any event, the saudi strategy does not seem to be working. the war in yemen has turned into a disaster. seething with anger. shiites in lebanon did not take the bait and so far they seem the responsible party, refusing to plunge the country into instability. but everywhere in the middle east, tensions are rising. sectarianism is gaining ground. and with a couple of miscalculations or accidents, things could spiral out of control. and with donald trump having so firmly supported this saudi strategy, america could find

itself dragged deeper into the growing mires in the middle east. let's get started. america is back. >> that's what donald trump triumphantly declared on his asian trip. is america really back? had it really gone way? and i wanted to get some perspective on the united states from the outside. here i am in london, joined by the former foreign minister of poland, neil ferguson, senior fellow at harvard center for european studies. he has a terrific new book out in january in the states called "the square and the tower." and head of economist radio and

columnist for london's "evening standard." neil, let me ask you, as someone who understands economics, zimbab zimbabwe, will zimbabwe, after mugabe, be different? >> i wish it could be. i would love to be optimistic. not all military coups go disastrously wrong. chile's paved the way for democracy. it's not looking good in zimbabwe. all we're seeing here is a change within the existing regime, a palace revolution, if you like. it's hard to believe it will produce a mass revolution tragically. >> i was in singapore last week and found that what people were saying about trump's asia trip was really more about xi jinping. the united states seemed to be

retreating. china seemed to be expanding. you know many of these foreign ministers and dealt with them for years. what was your sense? >> the fact that the united states is stabilizing its relationship with china is a good thing. the stability of the world relies on that. but president trump has mistreated the way that he has treated north korea. you should allow your underlings to do the tough talking so they understand when the head of state says do this or else, it's really serious. as it is, the first line is the last. and the other side might not understand when the crisis has become really serious. >> you actually visited north korea. is it your sense that this is a regime that is trying to survive, and does it threaten the united states? >> it can't threaten the united states but certainly can threaten south korea. one strategy is for regime

survival, obviously, but they also want to reunite the country and by threat. north korea is a really nasty stalinistic dictatorship. it's the sickest society i've ever visited. >> what is your sense of how the world is reacting to donald trump as he goes around? >> there's always an oversell with donald trump, isn't it? he leaves washington, d.c. it's a major achievement. he went somewhere and came back again. i'm discounting the fact of his look at his deeds. they're always heroic. flushed out a little bit more of the chinese position, i think it's good for the trump administration and the president himself to get out and about a bit. and they did commit a proper amount of time to asia. my worry was that he was beginning to see other capitals, however troubled and however interesting in the global

picture as a backdrop in the studio, to look good in the film. in this case, his officials did work, come back from washington, seen a lot of people involved in preparing that. they wanted him to at least sustain some interest and i think the proposition is that he's a difficult man, obviously, to steer, let alone control. but when he has met some of these people, when he has actually sat down and spent some time it is then easier for them to say now do you see what we were talking about? this is a president on a learning curve, not someone who has come through political institutions or foreign affairs. in all fairness, taking away the donald trump factor, there would be a lot of learning to be done. and i think that's really what this trip has been about. >> neil, quickly, on the trip? >> let's remember how badly things were going under his predecessor. the chinese thought it was an extremely bad idea, ridiculed it often and the obama administration's handling of the north korean situation was disastrous.

remember, impotent resolutions that only axccelerated the nort korean nuclear program and presented the trump administration with a nightmare. the obama administration said it would be five years before they had a ballistic missile and nuclear warhead. turned out to be five months. let's remember, his predecessor did very poorly. >> the united states did not provide those engines in which they could put a bigger payload in the united states. >> where did they come from? >> used to be produced in the old soviet union and there were parts from past that you could put these engines together in today's ukraine and russia and i don't think ukraine were there. >> we have to leave it at that. when we come back, angry nationalists take to the streets, many calling for jews and muslims to leave poland and chanting death to the enemies of the homeland. what is going on?

we will ask the foreign former minister of poland and the rest of the panel about that. also, brexit when we come back. it's the phillips' lady! anyone ever have occasional constipation,diarrhea, gas or bloating? she does. she does. help defend against those digestive issues. take phillips' colon health probiotic caps daily with three types of good bacteria.

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sidorski, neil ferguson. >> it was the vote of english countries as a result of globalization, i think there is a disappear among some majorities and fear of becoming minorities and it takes different forms. important to remember that the nasty minority was a minority within a march that wasn't meant to be the way it turned out. and the president of poland and i think the government really needs to take tough action now because they were too lenient in the past. >> you agree this is sort of a cultural -- it does seem to be happening mostly around immigration. >> these are resolutions of falling expectations that we see on both sides of the atlantic. and although it varies from country to country, i think the

fundamental drivers are the same. there's an economic dimension to it, but another interesting point here is that earlier this year there was a tendency to say that it's past. the nightmare hasn't materialized. macron won in france. panic over. turns out actually there's plenty of pretty nasty right-wing populism in central europe not just in poland. it's true in hungary, too. i expect this movement to grow in magnitude. this is happening in poland at the time that the polish economy is doing well. if that were not to be the case, i don't like to think how much it would do. >> what about brexit, the forces fueling brexit, mix of economic and cultural -- if brexit, the

vote would happen today would it happen again? >> yes. in my mind it would happen any time you called out that vote since the 1990s. we've not yet gotten to the point but we need to get to it where liberals say now howe might we have failed in a way that brought this about and how might we handle this better? >> immigration and asimulation, for example. >> and this is not that you simply have to veer off to the populist roois right and stop all immigration but there's a genuine question very strongly in open borders, free trade and free movement of people. i don't think we can go on simply singing from the same song sheet when we've had warning after warning after warning that a lot of people -- not just fringe in society by the time you get to 52% of those who voted in britain, are concerned about it and they think it affects them adversely.

what you hear, horrible brexit, how could it have happened? the reason is to ask how it would happen not simply blame people for it or say they were lied to. >> donald trump came to poland, radek, and gave a speech seen, by some people back home, as forming a steve bannon ethno-nationalism. he talked about poland but not as the country of democracy and liberty but a kind of ethno-nationalist poland. >> he praised us for the warsaw uprising, biggest disaster in poland's history. yes, the nationalist right felt empowered in that bannon-ite ideology, thanks to the president's speech, yes. >> is trump feeding this ethno-nationalism? >> i didn't like the speech as much as you, radek. i thought there was a wild and sometimes unreasonable attempt to misconstrue it as a white supremacist speech, you know.

if you talk about western civilization, you're not necessarily a white supremacist. if you talk about world war ii, i don't think that's necessarily a bad thing in a speech about poland, since poland was, in many ways, the principle victim in world war ii. i didn't think it was a bad speech. i think it's wrong to say that trump somehow empowered this fairly marginal far-right element. i would like to go back to something anne was saying. british elite embraced brexit. theresa may was not for brexit but in many ways the british elite said okay, we're going to make this work. i was opposed to brexit, campaigned on the remain side. we lost. many of the predictions that were made, i think, are coming true on the economic side. it's also far from clear that brexit so far has done anything about immigration. i think we are at a very interesting juncture in britain where the chickens are coming home to roost. >> radek, as somebody who sat in on those councils, is there a way for britain to do this

softly or -- >> well, let me come to that but i think brexit is also a result of 30 years of miseducating the british public about how the eu actually works and the cowardice of the british political class in standing up to the nationalist tabloids. and now we have the results. and britain, i'm afraid, is in a somewhat weak negotiating position because everybody knows whatever pain eu will suffer, britain will suffer three to five times more under a no-deal scenario. what brussels wants is for britain to make up its mind. do you want to stay in the single market, do you want to stay in the customs union or leave? britain can't make up its mind because the cabinet is split. and both factions are strong enough to bring down the prime minister. if you don't know what you want it's hard to achieve success. >> this sounds like a perfect mess. thank you very much. we will come back to it, and to you. next on "gps" at a u.n.

climate conference a panel on promoting fossil fuels. michael bloomberg compared it to having a pro-smoking event at a cancer conference. as we talk, carbon keeps piling up, making the atmosphere warmer. can anything be done and fast? one harvard scientist has a very cool idea. "volatile markets." something we all think about as we head into retirement. it's why brighthouse financial is committed to help protect what you've earned and ensure it lasts. introducing shield annuities, a line of products that allow you to take advantage of growth opportunities. while maintaining a level of protection in down markets. so you can head into retirement with confidence. talk with your advisor about shield annuities from brighthouse financial established by metlife.

according to the report the world's nations need to reduce emissions much more than they've already pledged to do so. if we hope to keep warming to just 2 degrees celsius by 2100. by 2030, the world would have to cut emissions by an additional 1 billion tons of co2 or the equivalent. with america unwilling and china and india still industrializing in a traditional manner that seems unlikely. there might be a technological solution david keith will help us understand, professor of public policy at harvard. >> volcanos have this big signature thrown up in the air but invisibly sulfur dioxide put up high in the atmosphere where it stays for a year or two above

our head and that gets converted to sulphuric acid. and reflect away sunlight. >> that last part is the key. they help to cool the planet. you might remember that filipo volcano that erupted in 1991. well -- >> after a big volcano that put sulphur in the atmosphere, the whole world got cooler for a year. not just cooler but the productivity of plants and ecosystems around the world went up that year. >> the challenge to keith and his fellow scientists is how to get particles into the atmosphere that will do the same thing. keith has an idea. send planes up into the air that release an aerosol to do the trick. >> the basic idea would be that flying from one or two air fields near the tropics you would gradually build up in the strat sphere not to magically

cure the problem but reduce the risks of accumulated co2. >> would it really reduce global temperatures? keith says the answer is probably yes. >> region-by-region basis reduce intensity of extreme storms like the big tro tropical cyclones that are so destructive especially to the world's poor, heat waves and reduce melting of the ice caps. scientific evidence that these technologies could reduce risk is very strong. >> the problem is that it's unclear what else solar geo engineering would do. that is the technical term. for putting all those particles in the strats sphere. >> absolutely true, unexpected side effects, problems, uncertainties. but the state we're in has unexpected uncertainties. >> so, with all of the uncertainty, should we send jet plane after jet plane after jet plane in the air to stray the strats sphere? it's worth further research.

it sounds too good to be true. sometimes that is how technology works so why not try? next on gps, one of america's wealthiest men on why he is worried that the rich are getting too rich and the poor are staying too poor. billionaire hedge fund manager sounds the alarm when we come back. everyday, i think how fortunate i am. i think is today going to be the day, that we find a cure? i think how much i can do to help change people's lives. i may not benefit from those breakthroughs, but i'm sure going to... i'm bringing forward a treatment for alzheimer's disease, yes, in my lifetime, i will make sure.

accused of obstructing justice to theat the fbinuclear war, and of violating the constitution by taking money from foreign governments and threatening to shut down news organizations that report the truth. if that isn't a case for impeaching and removing a dangerous president, then what has our government become? i'm tom steyer, and like you, i'm a citizen who knows it's up to us to do something. it's why i'm funding this effort to raise our voices together and demand that elected officials take a stand on impeachment. a republican congress once impeached a president for far less. yet today people in congress and his own administration know that this president is a clear and present danger

who's mentally unstable and armed with nuclear weapons. and they do nothing. join us and tell your member of congress that they have a moral responsibility to stop doing what's political and start doing what's right. our country depends on it.

a study out this month finds that the three most wealthy people are worth more than the entire bottom 50%. yes the wealthiest three americans are richer than the poorest 160 million combined. further the top 25 billionaires have $1 trillion in wealth combined according to the study. and most experts say that the republican tax plans will favor the rich and worsen this inequality.

all this deeply worries ray d dalio, who wrote a blog post on linkedin, sounding the alarm. i wanted to talk to him about how he sees the problem. he is also the author of a much discussed new book called principles. pleasure to have you on. >> thanks for having me on. >> you're doing well, u.s. is doing well. shares are doing well. u.s. stock market is hitting highs. and yet you call code red on the american economy. what do you mean? >> two things. i think the averages are misleading. if you break it up into the two pieces what do those differences

look like? if you look at the bottom 60% of the economy over a period of time there's been no income growth, rising death rates. there is a picture there hidden in the averages. so, that's -- there are two economies. >> that's 60%, you point out. not just economically that they're not doing well. they're having rising death rates. you point out the top 40% spend four times as much on education than the bottom 60%, which means we're in danger of perpetuating a kind of 40% elite that gets more and more advantages and the bottom 60% that is left further behind. >> yes. it's a self perpetuating challenge. we, as a nation, have to focus on the statistics of the bottom 60%. in other words, that's the majority of people. let's look at metrics of those i believe there should be a

national initiative that actually focuses on that. because that problem is going to increase. what would you have the government do? you talk about investment. what do you mean? >> i believe there should be a commission or an initiative for which things are set out. to take those metrics for that population, move those metrics and do investigations in the various ways. i do fear what will happen in the future. as we look forward, what will the next economic downturn be? there will be a downturn. if we imagine that downturn with the existing polarity, i think it will be a very serious social and political issue. >> do you worry that we are now in a two-tier economy and one could argue even within that top 40% it's the top half of that that's really doing well that

this will produce a different did kind of economy, different kind of society? you're now worth, forbes says, $17 billion. are we moving into a kind of almost brazil-like situation or where there will just be an elite that self perpetuates? >> i think we're there. the top one-tenth of 1% of the population's net worth is equal to the bottom 90% combined. that's an important issue. that is political and social. and that the pressures of technology -- technology is wonderful. but technology in replacing people is an important force. as we go forward, you're going to create a two-tier economy. there will be those who will have the effect of replacing people. it is the issue of our time.

>> you have this fascinating new book out. i don't want to let you go without asking you one thing that everybody wonders about. you talk about it in the book and you are famous for it. at your firm there is this idea of radical transparency, which means people have to disagree clearly, publicly with others. and people always wonder, do you take it to the point where people in your firm actually, routine routinely look you in the eye and tell you ray dalio, you're the boss but you're completely 100% wrong? >> i need that. y yes, and i need that. i do that because i need advertisement set up a company. if i don't have that engagement, besides my not hearing things that i need to have, could you imagine what it's like for you to be in the company, being in a position where you have to hold that inside of yourself? and then you're walking around, thinking i did something stupid and you're in a company and you

can't speak up? you can't build a culture that way. in order to have independent thinkers around to get at the best ideas and have great collective decision making, you have to be able to have thoughtful disagreement to rise above it. i think there's a challenge a lot of people have emotionally. shouldn't disagreement be a source of curiosity? if people are disagreeing, somebody must be wrong. how do you know that wrong person isn't you? it raises the probabilities of making a better decision and also increases the quality of the relationships. so, yes. >> ray dalio, pleasure to have you on. coming up on gps, first mosul, then raqqa, two capitals of the isis caliphate, so-called, are no longer in the terrorist group's hands. what does it mean for the future of terror? i'll talk to rushdi about it when we come back.

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last month, raqqa was declared liberated after three years under isis rule. the capital of its so-called caliphate, three months after the iraqi prime minister arrived in mosul to declare the former iraqi capital free as well. what is the islamic state without the actual pretense of an actual state? that's what people haver asking these days. i asked salman rushdie to come talk about it. thank you for being here. >> thank you. >> it does seem as though islamic radicalism or at least the jihadi version of it is dying or has been defeated on

the battleground. do you think that that means it's been defeated ideologically as well? >> to an extent, yes. it always seemed to me that isis would be defeated. people who reported on the world, french journalist said the thing about isis, they're good terrorists but they're bad soldiers. when you confront them on the battlefield, they run away. so, that was probable. i think that the difficulty now is that there will be, to an extent, the splintering of danger, that we will see people driving trucks into populations, so on. there may be more of that. i think there is really a reason to think that the tide has swung against that kind of fanaticism across the muslim world.

>> that's a big thing for you to say because you've been worried and worng about the fact that there has been this cancer within islam. >> i think it's still there. i'm not even saying it's in remission. i'm saying that it's having a bad time right now. and that's good for all of us. >> could it be because it's now been tried, as it went so many places and nobody likes it? the afghans hated the taliban. >> exactly. everywhere that this phenomenon has actually taken power, it's very quickly become hated in afghanistan, as you say, the taliban were hated. in algeria, fis, gia were unpopular. and so, yeah. and now in iraq. i think wherever this thing gets into control, people very rapidly discover they don't want

it. >> so, this is a novel different from some of the other things you've written. it feels very contemporary. it feels like you're describing the world we're living in. as a social observer, to your mind, what is the dominant reality of the big cities today? >> the big city and the fact that new yorkers think one way and middle america thinks in a radically different way. to the extent there's always been that split, that new york and america have never been completely happy with each other, that's true, paris, france, london and england as well. there's something about the nature of the metropolis. right now that rift is so exaggerated. >> it was said very clearly in the obama years that you made a contrast to do that.

>> it's a thing you're told not to do as a writer, to write about the present moment, and react, be reactive to things that happen. >> and as a novelist, what strikes you about the obama era? >> i felt there was this movement from incredible optimism to its anti-t hechlt sis. i was here on the night of the first obama election. i was walking around the city in the middle of the night in places where people gather, union square and rockefeller plaza, like that. and just looking at people's faces, the extraordinary joy and hope in those mainly young faces, you know, i thought was a remarkable thing to witness, you know. and now, certainly for somebody of my inclinations, we face the dark side of that. >> and to add to the comic

relief there's a guy called the joker, who is donald trump. >> sort of a variation on trump, yeah. in a deck of playing cards the only two cards that don't behave properly are the joker and the trump. trump's name is not in the book anyway. i thought i don't want the trump so i'll have the joker instead. there's this cartoon villain running for president. >> did you watch trump and say to yourself, if i wrote this, people wouldn't believe it? >> yeah. >> sometimes trump is stranger than fiction. >> totally stranger than fiction. i had dinner with my friend, andy mcewen and we agreed if we had presented this as a story to our publishers, they would have said, go away and try harder. we live in a time that is unplausible. there's a broken relationship with reality, you know.

i think that people don't believe things anymore, you know, because -- and i don't think this has just to do with the trump administration. i think a lot of it has to do with the information age. that out there on the web now truth and untruth exist at the same level of authority and it's difficult for people to judge which is which. if you don't have a firm grip on the truth, then you lay yourself op open, and there's a whole range of these phenomena that all came from the same damaged reality we're living in. >> pleasure to have you on. >> thank you. >> next on gps, i have been in london this week where it will cost you 1 pounds, 50 or more than $15 to drive your car into the center of the city each weekday. but there's still lots of traffic. so, there an answer? well, it may be a boring one. by that, i do not mean the

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the president returned from his big international trip this week and it brings me to my question, which country's passport is ranked the most powerful in the world for ease of travel, the united states, singapore, germany or sweden? stay tuned and we'll tell you the correct answer. this week's book is "red familiar in"by anne applebaum, writes about the kremlin's strategy to starve ukraine and

destroy its culture. she shows how so many of ukraine's problems today, corruption, fear of the state, apathy, have their roots in the 1930s, a sorrowful story that is also a gripping read. now for the last look. i'm in london this week, city notorious for terrible traffic. diving in london for a weekday costs drivers a $15 congestion fee. take a look at this picture. at first glance it looks like a garden variety underground shaft. in reality, it is a tunnel that spacex founder elon musk is digging underneath los angeles. why the pivot from the above the clouds to below the ground? musk founded a tunnelling firm called, humorously enough, the boring company. its mission is to solve our, quote, unquote, soul-destroying traffic problem. the goal is to build a network of tunnels to move cars on

electric tracks under cities fast, at around 125 miles per hour. as you can guess, this is not cheap. tunnelling projects can cost $1 billion per mile. so, another goal is to reduce costs significantly, whether it is boring tunnels, limiting cars or increasing congestion toll prices, let's keep working toward ending our traffic nightmares. traffic congestion costs american drivers $300 billion last year alone. the answer to my gps challenge question last week is b, singapore. singaporean passport holder can now visit 159 countries either without a visa or by easily obtaining one on arrival. a ranking compiled by the advising firm ardent capital. it's the first time an asian nation has come out on top of

this list since it began in 2015. if you're wondering which other countries provide powerful passports, germany was next, followed by sweden and south korea in a third-place tie. the u.s. fell to sixth place, tie ireland, canada and malaysia. which country has the unfortunate rank of being the least powerful passport in the world? afghanistan. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. see you next week. hey, i'm brian stelter. this is "reliable sources," our weekly look at the story behind the story. how the media really works and how the news gets made. fox, defending sean hannity as a liberal group was urging advertisers to drop him. the head of the boycot effort will join me live. expert analysis of this week's mega media biz moves. is rupt murdoch looking to sell parts of fox? later this hour, behind the scenes. why we visited president trump's childhood home in