tv 1968 CNN May 27, 2018 7:00pm-8:00pm PDT
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>> the police push back and the students push forward. >> washington, chicago, detroit, new york, racial confrontation. >> mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the lord. ♪ ♪ you say you want a revolution ♪ ♪ well you know ♪ we all want to change the world. >> we are hiring a full-time job for part time income ♪ ♪ you told me of evolution. well you know we all want to change the world ♪ ♪ >> is this what you want to do destroy the company.
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>> i'll destroy a whole bunch of y'all. >> the american embassy is under siege. >> the country is going to get a new president next january ♪ ♪ you know it's going to be all right. >> we are planning today new marchs. >> all right. >> hoping to stay alive from day to tai. >> i will not accept the nomination of my party for another term as your president. >> no question about it this was a bombshell politicly. >> i think it will be a good thing for the party. >> we want to deal with our problems within our country and we want peace in vietnam. >> those who got out of hand the other day. >> chaos broke out downtown. >> have now been talked with
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sufficiently to guarantee that nothing will take place in terms of violence. i feel that we can still have a non-violent demonstration and that we will have a non-violent demonstration in memphis. the important thing is we will not be stopped by any methods the city plans to use they are making a grave mistake because this brings more support to the movement. >> there had been violence the last time he marched. so king comes back to memphis to prove he can lead a peaceful demonstration. >> we feel this is suggest we have to do. the nation needs it. the movement needs it. above all, the poor people of our country need a dramatic movement. >> there is a noticeable change in the mood in memphis. people are concerned and king gives a speech to galvanize support zbleers all we say is be true to what you said on paper
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sfl there is an injunction against marching. but king is very railroad defiant in that speech. he is saying they are still going to march >> somewhere i read of the freedom of assembly. somewhere i read of the freedom of speech. somewhere i read that the greatness of america gives the right to protest for rights. [ applause ] >> we've got some difficult days ahead. but it really doesn't matter with me now. because i've been to the mountain top. [ applause ] >> and i've seen the promisedland. i may not get there with you. with you i want you to know tonight that we as a people will get to the promisedland.
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>> the next day we had breakfast we a all stood together talking about the next march. >> toward the end of the day dr. king is out on the balcony and he sees jesse and james bevel. all of a sudden there was a bolt. >> gunfire. >> king has been shot at the lorraine. >> dr. king, gunshots. >> we heard what sounded like a fire cracker real loud shot. and when i heard somebody holler, oh lord. and then i turned around and went back to where he was. he had fallen backwards. >> police put out a bulletin for
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a young white man who witnesses saw flee immediately after the shooting. >> i know this is the most tragic thing that ever happened in my rieft. >> it was so sudden and so powerful. i remember reverend abare nagty saying back up back up my deerest friend has been shot. i went to the phone and called mrs. king. said mrs. king dr. king i think has been shot in the shoulder i think. i couldn't see what i saw. >> his wife has notified tonight it told he had been shot in the shoulder to spare her further concern and alarm as she flew back to memphis. whether she has arrived or not we have not been advised. >> do they know about martin luther king. >> that is the night that robert kennedy gave what is one of the more remarkable speeches any
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politician has given. >> ladies and gentlemen i have some very sad news for all of you and i think for all of of our fellow citizens and people who love peace all over the world, and that is that martin lurpgt king was shot and killed tonight in memphis, tennessee. >> tennessee was on fire. >> washington would be ch chicago, detroit, boston, new york thp these are you a few of the cities in which the negro anguish was expressed in violent destruction.
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achieve for their children. >> we have lost something. and we feel it deeply. we feel it. >> i don't think americans should mourn martin luther king. i think they should mourn themselves. >> announcer: 1968, the year that changed america. kyle: mom! mom! kyle, we talked about this. there's no monsters. but you said they'd be watching us all the time. no, no. no, honey, we meant that progressive would be protecting us 24/7. we just bundled home and auto and saved money. that's nothing to be afraid of. -but -- -good night, kyle. [ switch clicks, door closes ] ♪ i told you i was just checking the wiring in here, kyle.
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gentlemen. last monday was the 40th anniversary of the academy awards. >> the academy awards were moved because of martin luther king's assassination. >> this has been a fateful week in the history of our nation. we join with men of good will everywhere in paying our profound respects to the memory of dr. martin luther king jr. it was his work that brought about the increasing awareness of all men that we must unite in compassion in order to survive. >> the best picture nominee that is year were genuinely controversial and influential movies by bonnie and clued, the graduate, guess who is coming to dinner in the heat of the night both trying to address race i. >> that what did they call you up. >> they call me mr. tipbs.
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>> in the heat of the night sydney pottier played a black man who was strong, smart, decisive. the movie takes place in the deep south. >> let me understand this. you two came here to question me? >> we were just trying to clarify some of the evidence. was mr. cobert in this greenhouse last night about midnight? >> this is 1968 you don't have black men hitting white men in movies and getting away with it and living to tell the tale and he does. >> there was a time when i could have had you shot. >> sydney pottier completely holds his own not just as an actor but the character virgil tibbs. it's a murder mystery about it's
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about how american america is changing. >> the winner is in the heat of the night. >> in south vietnam today about 20,000 allies troops are pushing through on the ground to kason, the outpost held by 5,000 marines and accessible now only by air. >> all of this is bound by for cason tons of supplies parachuted into the marines tomorrow. >> have you been here two and a half months the heavy shelling has been going on. >> i arrived cason the 19th of january we got hit the 21st it's been a long two and a half months. >> president johnson was absolutely determined to pull the marine base at all costs. >> more than 200 marines died here 8-seriously wondered. >> there was never the large
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clashing of forces they had expected. but the marens were subjected to brutal onslaught. >> in the spring of 68 you have the most violent period of the entire war. the united states ramps up use of military force, ramps up airstrikes. about 500 americans a week are killed. of course the back drop for this is the draft. >> no one knows when peace will come. so far all the young men facing the draft it's not an easy time to be a young man in america. >> i feel that every citizen every male citizen has an obls to his country. >> i don't see a serving in the armed forepersons as meaningful in any way. >> no, no we won't go. >> the draft is really mobilized young people. how many different ways can you say, hell, no, we won't go? >>. ♪ snos. >> my name is chris grounds.
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>> michael dover new york. >> joel hutchens new york. >> so far since the draft resistance movement began last year between two and three thousand young men burned draft cards or return them to the federal government. another four to 6,000 fled to canada to avoid the draft. >> it's another example of american youth saying to adults your values are not mine. >> the mantra is that you don't have to believe anything your parents told you because look what this they get us into in vietnam. you had a generation willing to question authority. >> we ha feeling of us against them, you know, us against the government. >> this is a song i wrote it against the american manipulator song called i ain't marching anymore. >> phil oakes had a song always the old leading the us into war always the young who fall. >> ♪ it's always the old to lead us to the wars ♪
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♪ it's always the young to fall ♪ >> we were aware of all that? why would they send uts somewhere and make us kill somebody we're not going to do that. we sang anti-war songs. >>. ♪ i know you'll go to heaven, son, you serve your time in hell. ♪ ♪ maybelline new york. just apply and blend sets in 1 minute lasts up to 2 days ...for fully defined brows maybelline's tattoo brow. only from maybelline new york. stella artois.
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we are messing ourselves up shows in many ways. it shows in the racial hatred this this country. it shows in the fact that at this moment 500,000 of our friends and brothers are killing and dying in a jungle 0,000 miles away. and it shows in the cards we carry in our pockets. well i'm finished. i'm a freeman today. up a up. >> by 1968 kohls were kind of the front line place where much of the protest of this period plays out. >> you saw that creation. students for democratic society which organized activists college campus by college campus. >> in the spring of 1968 i found myself the chairman of the columbia chapter of students for
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democratic society. >> we are interested in columnway would like to make it free of race it elements. >> the central issue was columbia expanding into black neighborhoods and destroying them to build more of columbia. >> also columbia was involved in secret research for war strategies. we felt it was our duty to stop it. the war research was symbolic of the war itself. the expansion to harlem we called institutional racism. >> on april 23rd there was a rally called and all of the students showed up. and it ournd tout to be a huge crowd. >> strike. [ chanting ]. >> we became kind of like a spontaneous mob and we wound up
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occupying the main classroom building. >> stunlts barricaded themselves into university buildings. the leader is a 20-year-old exboy scout. >> the one way to keep going is by building the strike. >> the task was to keep topping yourself, keep taking more and more risk. >> the student demands, no more secret military research no more construction on lands in harlem and missouri punishment for occupying build attentions. >> people slept on the floor in sleeping bags and we were constantly brought supplies and tossed up to windows. within a couple of days we occupied five buildings. nobody could fw go to classes. >> we hope a settlement can be worked out which will not require armed police assistance. >> president kirk was the president of the university he was a conservative under enormous pressure and he wanted
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to end it. >> okay people coop keep cool. none of us will begin any violence. if there is any violence it will be because of the police. >> gentleman children, the sidewalk or the building. >> president grayson kirk mains what he called a painful decision and invites in the police. >> the police came in on some kind of rampage. police brought out the students who have been holding five buildings the past few days. what everyone feared took place. >> that's what the cops did.
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>> we stood in front of lowe library with our arms locked faculty and students. >> you look like you have a little blood on your face. >> i think i was hit bay club which started moving. >> the police grabbed him by the neck and smash his face into the chair. >> i could never trust this energies. i could never again trust it. if they didn't understand the kind of brutality that was fw going to be used on this campus they should have. >> the young people were attacked from everywhere. the united states inguessed the violence of vietnam. if there was death in vietnam there was going to be death in america. >> in all, 696 arrests were made. 109 injures reported. most of the injures occurred outside buildings. >> there was this tide swelling across the country in which cities were burned to the ground. >> a voice was being raised by
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way of social consciousness and demonstration. it was an angry voice. the revolution was televised and televised live. >> dissent is a necessary ingredient of change but in a system of government that provides for peaceful change there is no cause that justifies resort to violence. let us recognize that the first civil right of every american is to be free from domestic violence. so i pledge to you we shall have order in the united states. >> in 1968 richard nixon comes up with the phrase, the silent center. >> there are millions of people who do not demonstration who don't picket or protest loudly. this is the unspoken voice of america. this is the silent center. >> what that referred to was how the media was holding up these young student insurgents as the
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paragones of morality. and richard nixon understood as no one else did that made the people working hard and playing behind wyatt picket fences feel silenced >> the message was effective. we were on a calm sea toward denomination. >> that water shed year of 1968 at a time when america has never been in more trouble at home and abroad there was nothing wrong with this country and new leadership cannot cure and we promise that leadership. [ applause ] >> announcer: 1968, the year that changed america is brought to you by -- sprint engineers, sprint offers 50% off a samsung galaxy s9 lease. we must tell all humans. you should find joanne in marketing a.s.a.p. joanne in marketing. switch to sprint and get 50% off a samsung galaxy s9 lease. for people with hearing loss,
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dianne feinstein and a new generation are leading the fight to pass a new assault weapons ban. say no to the nra and yes to common-sense gun laws. california values senator dianne feinstein this rarj crowd of students has come to seat senator mccarthy at sound bend indiana thp this is the state he has to beat senator kennedy head on. >> mccarthy proved himself as the genuine voice of the and i war movement. robert kennedy has to demonstrate how he can be superior not simply an alternate toef eugene mccarthy. >> you may recall at least i do. there was general regret that someone better than i had not
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offered himself. and i. >> mccarthy and bobby kennedy were not pals. mccarthy had a biting wit. >> i had some of the same regrets i didn't know the other man but i hoped there was someone better. i couldn't name him right offhand at the time. but. >> my father didn't like mccarthy. he thought mccarthy was ee feet. he couldn't picture mccarthy at a cuban missile crisis. >> eugene mccarthy was basically a one-issue candidate. he was a peace candidate. but kennedy had a broader vision in terms of what's happening in the cities, what's hamgd happening around race and the issues of poverty. >> we want kennedy. we want kennedy. >> we cannot separate ourselves no matter where we live from the problems and difficulties and troubles that face the whole of the united states. >> lehman, the vice president and the next president of the
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united states, hubert h. humphrey. >> i shall seek the nomination of the democratic party. >> when humphrey came in as a candidate, he wregard the as a johnson surrogate. >> i will run on the record of the johnson humphrey administration but will not rest on it. >> it was very clear to everybody that johnson controlled the party. >> president johnson will do what he can to help humphrey win the nomination and to see that senator robert kennedy does not get the nomination. >> who would be nominated by the democratic party wasn't necessarily determined by the primaries. it was nominated by the people controlling the levers of power that was lyndon johnson and his political machine and it was vice president hubert humphrey who would be the beneficiary. >> nevertheless, if mccarthy, kennedy amassed enough delegates through the primary process they might be able to put pressure on
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the democratic machinery. >> and the may 7 clinton primary is critical to the kennedy strategy of demonstrating to party leaders across the country that he was the one democratic candidate who can win big. >> who it did is going to be the nominee for the democratic party and therefore who is going to be the next president of the united states. >> mccarthy couldn't get any black vote. bobby kennedy managed to get black vote and also a lot of the established democrats. so his support looked very broad. >> well senator robert kennedy has won the first primary test in the attempt to secure the democratic nomination for the presidency. >> my father really focused on the people in this country, his appeal was to really the most disenfranchised classes, people living in appalachia pb blacks in the delta. people from harlem watts and oakland and farm workers, very similar to martin luther king
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focusing on the poor and working people. >>? the aftermath of dr. king's assassin sayings it's his spouse that has the credibility of the to make the case that change was needed. >> my husband always said if anything happened to him to carry on his work for his people. >> coretta was always an activist. before martin was an activist. and she continued to be outspoken in order to make the point that you can kill my husband, but this movement is going to go on. >> we have seen the power of non-violence in the movement for civil rights for campaign for the poor must go on. >> king's notion was to try to put pressure on congress to try to do something about the issue of poverty. >> he was proposing to use
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modern terms an occupy movement on the national mall not for a day or two but to stay. >> i declare this to be the site of our new city resurrection city usa. >> as dr. king had dreamed they built a shanty town to expose the nation's shame. they call it resurrection city on the lawn by the linking memorial. >> we come here for one purpose and we don't intend to leave until we conquer what we came for. >> this is a cbs news special report. peace talks in paris, the first step. >> the first step began today in paris, about as small as it could be. >> all of the problems attendant to meeting of sovereign president what language do you talk? what do you agree to argue
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about? >> there were tremendous expectations on the american side about the talks. when the delegation first arrived they just took hotel rooms because they thought this is only going to be a few weeks and then we'll get add negotiated settlement. >> the president is zis appointed the north vietnamese were unwilling to discuss anything of substance. >> after a while they rented apartments because it was dragging on longer than they thought. >> it is already saturday in vietnam and the latest communist offensive is in the sixth day tp it may be the communists are trying to remine the negotiator that the viet cong must have a seat at the table when the future of vietnam is discussed. >> it's a horse race out in egin that democratic primary the that could mean so much to the presidential hopes of the senator kennedy and senator mccarthy it's too close the cbs news estimate says to call tp senator kennedy made clear over the weekend that the
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outcome in oregon he felt was crucial to his hopes for the nomination. >> i can't lose. i mean, i can't afford to lose if i'm going to remain a very viable candidate. >> oregon was just as bad a state as you could imagine for bobby. very suburban, few minorities. middle class progressive but kind of polite. and he never clicked there. >> oregon was a mccarthy victory. we were feeling euphoric that night. >> every wagon train got to the missouri river but the real test began once you started up the oregon trail. and now of course we're on to california. >> the shock wave is spreading slowly through the kennedy election headquarters ppt only word adequate to describe the result appears to be catastrophic. >> kennedy lost and saw you on display.
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>> based on the return i'm taking a new look at my whole organization and campaign is in order that i've done and i've decided to send my dog freckles home. >> the oregon primary is the first time a kennedy has ever lost an election. bobby kennedy knew he had to go into california. and he had to win. washing machine dying)
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♪ this campaign train is on a life or death mission. bobby kennedy's fate as a presidential candidate hangs on the outcome of the california primary. his crowds have been good this memorial day in the sun drenched sand jauquin valley. >> bobby kennedy having lost oregon knew he had to win california. and that would be his ticket to the convention.
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>> kennedy is back among his people. and after the satisfied prosperity of oregon which failed to respond to kennedy's approach, the senator is again turned on. >> he was a rock star. it gave him a kind of courage and power to keep going. >> part of our job everybody had to wrap or arms around his legs so he wouldn't be pulled from the car by admirers. >> he campaigns so hard that his -- his hand is swollen. he laws his royce. >> here in los angeles and california you will have made it possible and i will work with all of you. thank you. ♪ >> abc news presents race to the white house. complete coverage of the presidential election year, 1968. tonight the california primary coverage of today's presidential primary in the golden state. >> an hour and a half after the
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polls closed in california, the biggest primary of all, a slate of delegates pledged to ewe neen mccarthy established early lead over the slate of delegates pledged to senator kennedy. >> on the last day the early returns were not good. bobby kind of sat nervous like a little boy worrying. >> that doesn't mean anything. >> 49-38. >> los angeles won't be counted until 10:00. >> but the returns got better and bobby was re'shurd he had a fighting chance. >> with almost a quarter of the presixth reported in kennedy leads with 44% of the votes. >> who ever gets a plurality gets all of california's delegates. >> if gene mccarthy what happens to your political life. >> if gene mccarthy loses i'll have to vote for kennedy. >> senator mccarthy 41%.
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>> in what i considered to be the most poignant moment of the entire year after the winning result has come in and before bobby kennedy goes to declare victory he turns to one of the oldest kennedy retainers and says i feel for the first time that i've made it on my own. i feel that i'm finally out of the shadow of my brother. [ chanting. >> thank you very much. i want to express my gratitude to my dog freckles who has been maliened. as franklin roosevelt said i don't care what they say about
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me but when they start to attack my dog. i'm not doing this in order of importance but i want to thank my wife ethyl. >> it was tremendously exciting because for some time now he had been building towards this moment, getting an anti-war person in the white house. and now, my god, i think it's going to happen. >> my changes to all of you and now it's onto chicago and let's win there. >> on to chicago and let's win there. i can just still hear him saying it. >> his aides want him to rush to a press conference. the press is waiting they want him to give a statement. and they take him by way of shortcut through the kitchen. >> senator. senator this way. no, this way. >> no. >> and that's somewhere where sir hand sir hand was waiting
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for him. >> senator kennedy has been shot. is that possible? is that possible. >> oh no, everybody. >> senator kennedy, oh, my god. senator kennedy has been shot. >> ladies and gentlemen, we have kept the aaron because we have heard an alarming report that robert kennedy was shot in that ballroom at the ambassador hotel in los angeles. a very loud noise like a clap of thunder was heard. >> the grate iron withy is that for all of the fear of crowds and tumult. it was trying to avoid crowds that took him through that kitchen. >> oh, no. >> hold him. hold im. >> we don't want another oswald. >> everybody please stay back. please stay back. we need a doctor here. >> is there a doctor in the
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house? please, it's very important we need a doctor. >> please, please make room. >> would you please please. >> we are asking medical aid for the senator. would you please -- proceed to the exits. >> is there a doctor in the house. >> after he is shot, he says to ethyl, how bad is it? and then he says to the ambulance attendant who comes in, please don't -- please don't lift me and those are his lass words before he goes into a coma. >> there was very much the sentiment, how much is too much to take? >> robert kennedy's now undergoing a neurosurgical
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this was really the death of hope, a loss of belief in the entire system. >> my brother need not be idolized or in large and death beyond what he was in life, to be remembered simply as a good and decent man we saw wrong and tried to right it. saw suffering and tried to heal it, saw war and tried to stop it. those of us who loved him and have taken him to his rest today pray that what he was to us, what he we shallished for other some day come to pass for the
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worl world. >> well, i feel almost like hiding my face as an american something like this could happen. >> i feel we have a little too much violence in this country. >> they go after the good men like john kennedy, rob kennedy and martin luther king. before his body was taken on a train. it was a hot, humid awful day and the country mourned. between new york and washington the funeral train made it's way to arlington cemetery.
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>> i'm heart broken. it's a terrible waste of a good man. >> it hurts me so bad to see him go. >> he stood for everybody. what they tried to accomplish is a shame how they shot him down. >> more was being mourned than the shock and tragedy of another kennedy assassination. it was a vision for what 1968 was going to be. >> the following is a special report from cbs news in washington. the poor people's rally. >> for the past six weeks, resurrection city held on for rainfall and a dwindling population. >> it built resurrection city to finally address racial and economic injustice in the united states but ends up a tragic disappointment. it's one of the rainiest months in the nation's capital. they are living under deplorable conditions. >> many of the poor who came see
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their high hopes trickle away in disillusion. the campaign is at a virtual standstill. >> there appears to be a kind of insensitivity to our demands on the part of the congressman. >> there were completely taken aback by the legislators, many of whom were not moved by the spectacle. there is negotiations for them to leave peacefully so they say no they will continue so the authorities come and swoop everybody out. >> poor people like myself and
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other poor people couldn't get any help from anybody. look at mr. kennedy. look at king. he was trying to only help the poor. he died. kennedy was going to help the poor and it didn't give him a chance. but it's one thing they forgot. king had dreams. they killed the dream but they couldn't kill his dream. >> but late spring of 1968 a lot of americans believed that things can't get any worse. but in many ways, we didn't know what was coming. >> if we come all this way for this. >> george wallace's audience growing in size and emotional outburst. >> political pigs, your days are numbered. >> real advantages in being an
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underdog. >> troops arriving in chicago in substantial numbers. >> all over the place. >> this is a mood of this convention on the floor. >> thousands of young people are being beaten in the streets of chicago. ♪ ♪ [ applause ] >> the enemy is not beaten but he has met his master in the field. >> i'd like to say to mom if i could at home. i know she's worried about me. hello, mom.
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