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tv   CNN Special Report  CNN  June 16, 2018 6:00pm-7:00pm PDT

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in a cnn special report. i'm ana cabrera. the following is a cnn special report. the best way to destroy an enemy abraham lincoln once said is to make him a friend. president lincoln meet kim jong-un. >> if anybody said we would be sitting here today talking about kim jong-un sitting down with president donald trump -- >> i mean he is like a man yak.
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>> you would think we are insane. >> in just months we've gone to schoolyard taunts to -- >> he is a sick puppy. >> to the rhetoric of war. >> they will be met with fire and fury. >> to a history-making moment. >> trump's groundbreaking summit with kim jong-un. >> we will have a terrific relationship, i have no doubt. >> this is a moment that many thought would never happen in our lifetime. >> they want to make a deal. >> that's what i do, my whole life has been deals. >> great danger on the downside, because if he can pull it off, there's tremendous reward on the upside. >> i think he trusts me and i trust him. >> can we trust a violent dictator? >> his own uncle killed by a firing squad. >> they are not crazy, but
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brutal. now, a new face of kim jong-un. all of a sudden he is toasting with the most powerful leaders of the world. this is north korea? >> kim jong-un at the water park, on the roller coasters wl his beautiful wife. one thing never changed. >> they always wanted the nuclear weapons. >> how much does donald trump really know? >> he is a smart cookie. >> about the man he made a deal with. >> incredible uncertainty. if you wait you die. >> consequences for the next 60, 70, hundreds of years. >> good evening, i'm faree fareed, zakaria. i want to show you a video. one that tells you the story of north korea. this is our planet seen from the space station. that area is south korea, a
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blaze with light and life. this black hole, looks like water, is north korea. it is a country so impoverished and backwards it seems to be from another century. the economy of south korea is 36 times larger than that of the north yet somehow, the north korean leader commands the center of the world stage. this is the story of kim jong-un, his past, present, and how he has managed to bring an american president to his doorstep. ♪ >> december 28th, 2011, kim jong-un had just inherited the cruelist most repressive dictatorship on earth. his father was dead from a heart
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attack. in pyongyang, tense of thousands lined the streets. ce to catch a glimpse of a their new leader. >> people believed that he is too young and inexperienced. >> there were real fears that kim jong-un still in his 20s was not up to the job. >> he looked like a boy. there he is sobbing over his father's casket. >> some couldn't believe that he had a cult-like worship. a reaction like this -- >> i don't want to say it is insincere, but let's say the enthusiasm over the top. >> people on the north korea television.
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it's the question we so often ask about north k is this real? or is it propaganda. watch again. as the camera moves down the line of mourning -- most seem to react only when the camera reaches them. this godfather like drama ran for days on north korean television. it became propaganda. ♪ >> it is the life blood of north korea. and one of the key reasons that the kim dynasty endured. >> north koreans want the kim family to continue ruling north
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korea. it is about regime survival. >> kim jong-un quickly embraced the first rule of regime survival. control all information. >> kim jong-un is to a certain extent, everything. he is the rock star, the celebrity. he is the be all and end all. ♪ >> which is good. because he is the only show in town. there's only one kind of television. and it is all broadcast by the government. >> it is all part of the brainwashing. complete indoctrination since people are born. >> in a program about the leaders extraordinary abilities, we are told he is a world-renowned composer who learned to drive at the age of three. children are taught to worship him.
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this tv show for kids is not exactly "sesame street." ♪ >> these small children sing, america go down on their knees and beg kim jong-un for their life. a child draws a picture of the u.s. on fire. a kindly grandfather says good job. most north koreans have no internet, no access to outside media at all. >> the regime wants to be sealed out from the outside. it fears that kind of openness. >> there are a few exceptions like kim jong-un himself. he watches american news. for ordinary north koreans,
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watching foreign tv may mean prison. still, many take their chances. >> "friends" smuggled in and watched in secret. it was seen that north korea appears to have copied it. our neighbors is about friends in an apartment building who hang out and watch tv together. they dance just like the friends conta characters. but on our neighbors, this is the reason they are dancing. missile launches, the ultimate north korean survival. and an ever-present theme. ♪ >> in music videos, on huge outdoor screens, possible music
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concerts. propaganda shows north korean missile taking out imaginary american targets while the american flag burns. at a huge anti-american rally. banners read, we become human bombs to defend kim jong-un. the missile launchers bring out a whole new side of the north korean leader. he gave one officer a piggy bag ride and even through all of them a parade. he loves these guys. their nuclear weapons and missiles are kim jong-un's ticket to a seat at the table with donald trump. >> they look down the barrel of the gun that donald trump had
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trained on that and they needed to get to a point where they can say to the united states, now we will come to the table. >> but there was one more thing kim jong-un h take care of before he can step out onto the royal stage. it may be the most important rule of regime survival. eliminate all threats. >> his own uncle pulls out of a party meeting, accused of selling out north korea and clapped half-heartedly for the leader. uncle did not clap hard enough. he had had too much power. >> everybody in north korea new that one of the most powerful people were executed but killed by a firing squad.
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publicly executed. >> there was execution as propaganda. >> he may have been griff-stricken, but the pallbearers have been killed or pushed aside. he wanted people around him who were loyal to him and not his father. his top military leader said to have been killed with an anti-aircraft gun. and one more men so you as a threat to kim jong-un. >> tonight the half brother of the korean strong man, died in malaysia. >> it was murderer and it was bizarre. >> he was killed in the middle of the airport. a young woman put a cloth to his face that contained a deadly never agent. >> i think the creepiest or darkest part is that the north korea mangers that were in charge of that operation are in
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the airport watching and there's a lot of haze and mystery and who ordered it. >> earlier this year, the state department said north korea was responsible for the murder of him. but the north denies it. kim jong-un ordered the executions of at least 140 of his own top officials according to south korean intelligence. >> he maintained power by ruthlessly eliminating a threat at the first moment it appears. >> many of the dead men had something in common. strong ties to china. he was worried that the chinese might try to depose him and make alliance with the north korea military. so he goes off generals, officers, uncle and half brother. >> kim jong-un felt insecure that china wanted to do a regime change and work with the united states and come up with a different leadership in north
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korea. >> pritwice in rooent months visiting the country with his new best friend, xi jinping. >> another step in kim's core owe grafd steps. >> many ask how can an american president meet with a man who was building nukes and missiles aimed at americans? >> donald trump made a big bed. he is putting all of this on his own ability to negotiate his way through this. >> to top it off, the negotiations are as high-stakes as any president has ever faced. >> we haven't had anything like this since the cold war. >> the cold war. to really understand north korea, we need to go back to
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that crucial period. in the middle of the 20th century. it was in that crucible that the kim dynasty was forged. three generations of dictators that would rule north korea for the next 70 years. it begins just after the second world war. soviet troops liberated the north of korea, the allies the south. soviet premier joseph stall innames a leader, a young general who fought with the soviets in world war ii. his name was kim. a genuine hero to the north korean people. >> he had enormous charisma.
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>> in 1950, he invaded south korea. the korean war had begun. when america, the soviet union and china got involved, many fears it could become a world war. >> we are fighting in korea for our own national security and the survival. we stand by that commitment. >> for the first time, north korea experienced the power of a nuclear threat. >> from the very moment of north korea's inception, it felt like it was under the threat of a nuclear attack by the united states. >> america did not use the bomb. but it's aerial bombardment of north korea was brutal. more than 36,000 american troops
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died. >> dedicated the whole korean wednesd peninsula. >> he started the war, he blamed the u.s. for turning his% country to rubble. >> this is how the north koreans grew up thinking about the united states. he rebuilt it with money from his sponsor, the soviet union. put in bridges, roads, plants and factories. and by the 1960s, north korea became a relative economic success. >> this is a guy with a 7th grade education and became a powerful dictator of the 20th century. >> kim who had endured the terrifying nuclear attack during the korean war. begun his own quest for the bomb. >> it never occurred to kim that
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north korea should not have nuclear weapons. >> by the 1980s he began turning over some of his duties to his son. father and son were vastly different characters. >> you can talk to certain migrants and they will tell you he frightened them. >> he was introverted. >> -- >> there were doubted by kim jong-il succession. they faded -- he was a massive
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pr propaganda. >> he turned him into a god figure. >> the great midst of the kim dynasty and the stories of the god-like acts and sacred bloodline. kim jong-il largely created them. >> he was influenced by christianity in a strange way. they have what seems like a bible that is all about the works. bible study groups. >> the resemblance to christianity is no accident. many myths are rooted in the religion because founder was raised a press bertarian. converted by american missionaries. >> it is a cult. these are the leaders that need to be worshipped. >> the kim's essentially created a religion around themselves and that became a key driver or the
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regime survivor. kim jong-il created much of it and it turns out he had another ambition. what he wanted to do was direct. >> he wanted to really make movies. >> loved america cinema and a huge movie buff. ♪ one for the money and two for the show ♪ >> he loved elvis. "gone with the wind" most of all "titanic" so inspired that he made his own version of titanic. ♪ >> but what he did in 1978 was more bizarre even by north korea standing. ordered the kidnapping of a south korean actress and kidnapped her husband, a movie director and ordered them to make movies. >> look, i need to improve the
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north korean film business. i brought you here. anything you need, let me know. kim jong-il spending huge sums. when flooding destroyed the food supply, no resources left to feed the country. it was one of the worst fam famines the world has seen. at least 2 million people died of starvation and his legacy of political imprisonment. he expand it had and it continues until this day. this is the dark side of a brutal and secretive regime. but there is another north korea. a country many people have never
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seen. with entertainment, wealth, luxury. there's even a glamour couple. >> north korea's image makers are turning them into william kate. >> that story when we come back. . that's why i switched to the spark cash card from capital one. with it, i earn unlimited 2% cash back on everything i buy. everything. what's in your wallet? kim i will --
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we know north korea is repressive and cruel. one of the darkest and most cretive societies on earth. but now there are some dramatic signs that it is changing under kim jong-un. >> what message are you trying to send to the west? >> he wants to show the world it is on the move and modern and upscale. >> this is a different north korea than you've seen before. it begins in the capital city, pyongyang. if you didn't know, you might think it was orlando. this is north korea? new water parks? amusement rides? even unauthorized disney
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characters. >> in a poor country, kim jong-un spent billions building new luxury apartments and at an astonishing speed. he transformed the city's skyline. >> you see it when you go there, it is a city that is created like a stage set. >> in a way it is. it is like a village built to show that north korea is booming. the capital city does not represent how most north koreans live. only people most loyal to the regime. about 11% of the population or 3 million people are chosen to live here. >> he had a lot of work to do to establish himself as a legitimate leader. and one of the ways he did that was by starting to unveil these real estate developments. >> north korea recently called the developments more powerful
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than 100 nuclear war heads. the capital dubbed pyong-hattan. >> they are given apartments and then trade them. they are spending tens of hundreds of thousands to buy the best apartment. kim is desperate to convince the world that they are thriving despite catastrophe and sanctions. >> people are going to restaurants and taking taxis. >> kim is showing off international beer festival. >> he is trying toen counter the existing narrative that north korea is a backward isolated desolate place. the fist lady is a big part of the image makeover.
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>> north korea's image makers are turning them into william and kate in the united kingdom. >> she became a fashion icon in north korea. >> rules how women can dress changed. >> they can wear shorter skirts, taller high heels, luxury items. >> fake louis vi ton. >> and allowing capitalism to grow. in a sense, kim jong-un is buying the support of pyongyang. but there's a problem. kim is running out of money. it's one of the reasons he is reaching out to the world. he has to show the most privileged people in the country that he can lead them to a better life. if he doesn't, they will figure
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out a way to get rid of him. or they may leave. there are 30,000 north korean defectors leaving in south korea and an increase of elites leaving. most defectors come from the other north korea. out stied outside of poyongyang where thee is poverty. >> the 17th century in others, people are literally farming with their hands. >> in the other north korea, the roads and railroads are crumbling. the u.n. says almost half of the population is hungry and lacks clean water and electricity. in a socialist country where people are supposed to be clothed and fed by the government, most north koreans are forced to fend for themselves. it looks like the hunger games.
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>> these markets sprung out of nothing and people started selling anything that they could to make money to support themselves and their families. >> under kim's father, people began selling f smuggled in from china. >> what began as tiny street businesses, many evolved to massive businesses in north korea. >> kim jong-un has allowed the markets to grow. south korean intelligence estimate that is 40% of the population is now engaged in part of the market economy. and the regime is profiting. kim jong-un is walking a tight rope. >> how do you begin to have some of this economic activity without loosening the reigns so much it gets away from you and you end up driven from power. that's the dictator's dilemma.
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>> it stunned the world when kim jong-un invited pop singers from south korea to perform. ♪ >> absolute heart and puzzle of north korea and on the one hand, north korea knows the people want to taste what the outside world has to offer. but then at the same time, the leadership is desperate to maintain control. >> the question is, can this closed repressive society survive as the door begins to crack open? when we return, what happens if that door slams shut? and all kim jong-un has left is his nuclear arsenal? t your big . but nothing says "we got married" like a 12 ounce piece of scrap metal.
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of the world stage. this isolated totalitariantate can start a nuclear war. >> it would explode quickly. >> a deadly scenario haunts the greatest military minds. two unpredictable nuclear-armed leaders just one terrible mistake. >> he is just crazy enough from my perspective and unpredictable enough that he might use those weapons. >> the scenarios i worry about is where they stumble into a war through incompetence or sheer miscalculation. >> one theory, it could start with a commercial flight that
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goes off course. >> what if the north koreans shot down a civilian airliner. >> accident or not, a major incident that can trigger an escalation. >> people would be outraged and you can imagine there would be calls for a punitive strike against north korea. >> most likely, a limited strike. what's been called the bloody nose strategy. >> it's not to destroy them, but teach kim lesson. >> but what if kim doesn't understand the lesson? >> they don't know it is a limited and one time only. >> pyongyang might see itself as under attack. >> he can miscalculate and perceive large military action or regime change coming so he acts out first. >> some say his first response will be to use his conventional
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weapons. >> north koreans have tens of thousands of artillery rounds and rockets aimed at seoul. >> there are 25 million people living in and around the south korean capital. including almost 30,000 american troops. >> it would be tens of thousands of people would die immediately in seoul. with seoul under attack, the south is going to go to pyongyang. >> tens of thousands more will die there. and another twist. china could enter the conflict. >> there's an awful lot for china to lose. there is so much uncertainty here fareed with our president and kim jong-un and china. it is difficult to predict how
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this is going to come out. >> one thing is certain, the stakes could get even higher. >> once there are things expl in north korea, kim jong-un may very well conclude that that is not just a limited strike but the beginning of an invision. observation if that's the case, the plan is to use the nuclear forces on the first day of the war. >> north korea has one of the world's largest armies, 1.1 million soldiers and 60 nuclear war heads. >> so cities like tokyo and seoul and bu son are going to have a lot of nuclear weapons going off in them and that's going to be a tremendous catastrophe. >> these are the most lethal devastating weapons man has ever created and put on earth.
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>> to see the horror of it clearly, look back to 1945. japan, more than 70 years ago. >> people disappeared so quickly there that their shadows were left on the ground. >> from my perspective, it is essential that we do everything we can to not get into a conflict there. >> to understand why north korea fought so fiercely for nuclear weapons, you need to understand all that they went through to get them. >> one man who understood the power of the atomic bomb was the
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creator. he looked back at the day the nuclear age began. july 16, 1945, the test code name trinity. >> -- >> three, two, one, now. ♪ >> a few decades later, north korea has become vishnu. how did a country so poor, so isolated from the world, acquire the most destructive technology on earth? and can we really expect them to give it all away?
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this is the story of how north korea got the bomb. north korea's nuclear program began early. >> always wanted a nuclear weapon. >> to get the bomb, kim il-sung needed help from the powerful cold war alli, the soviet union. they gave the north civilian nuclear technology. training the scientists in russia and helping them build a small nuclear research reactor. but they stopped short of giving them the bomb. afraid of the chaos that might result. >> the soviets told the north koreans, don't build the bomb. >> after china joined the nuclear club in 1964, kim il-sung asked the chairman for
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help. but he refused to help as well. if the north koreans wanted the bomb, they would have to make it themselves. kim il-sung ramped up nuclear programs at the north's university to foster home-grown talent. >> they were going to train their own people so they didn't have to rely on the rest of the world. >> the north tried to copy a nuclear reactor in great britain. the brits used to make their nuclear weapon. the designs were not hard to find. >> by the 1970s, you can go to a university library and check out books on nuclear reactor design. >> to get all of the intricate nuclear parts, the north went shopping. cutting deals all over the world. >> there was a lot of greedy business people that were willing and able to sell this
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stuff. >> they began building their ho homemade reactor in the 1980s under the watchful eye of the cia. >> they think it is a copy of the soviet reactor, because they think the north koreans are idiots and can't do anything. >> but north korea surprised everyone. they built a reactor that can fuel a nuclear arsenal. >> it is really big. big enough to produce enough plutonium for a couple of bombs a year. and that causes a panic. >> the crisis over the nuclear program is near ago crucial turning point. >> in 1994, the tense situation became a full-blown crisis. >> experts convinced that north korea is building a nuclear bomb. >> the north locked international inspectors at the reactor. >> the tensest town in the
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region for 40 years. >> and taking measures to start making bombs. >> it is likely their ciphering off plutonium to have a stockpile of nuclear weapons. >> president clinton dred the military option. a surgical strike on the north's facilities. >> south korea braced themselves for an all-out war on the peninsula. >> families stockpiling masks and there could be a second korean war. >> then miraculously, a way out. former president, jimmy carter freelancing met with kim il-sung in north korea. they reached a deal. >> i think we have come to a much better understanding. a few months later, the agreed framework was signed. the north promised to freeze the
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nuclear facilities including bigger reactors under construction that could have produced dozens of bombs every year. >> that's an enormous amount and they gave it up as part the agreed framework. >> in exchange, the united states will give them millions of dollars worth of oil and build two light water reactors good for making electricity and bad for making bombs. it looks like a victory for president clinton. >> this agreement is good for the united states, good for the allies and good for the safety of the entire world. >> a few weeks later -- >> the brand new congress taking a pounding tonight. >> the republicans won control of congress for the first time in 40 years. they were not fans of the deal. >> i don't trust north koreans, i think it is a questionable
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deal. >> we are going back to the days of president carter and appeasement. >> many didn't want to pay for the reactors or the oil and the shipments were delayed. meanwhile, north korea didn't live up to its endf the deal either. they pursued a second path to the bomb. separate from the nuclear reactor route enriching uranium. enter aq-con. he admitted he ran a nuclear black market for nations like iran and libya. north korea set to be one of the best customers. con took back the confession and experts say it was true. >> states like these and their terrorist allies constitute an access of evil. >> the bush administration called north korea out for its uranium program and gave up
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completely on president clinton's deal from the 1990s. in hindsight, that was a big mistake. the north responded by restarting the reactor and converting plutonium into bars. bush scrambled to start a new deal, but too little too late. >> north korea did the first test of a nuclear weapon. >> north korea tests a nuclear bomb and is now a nuclear power. >> under kim jong-un, it was a nuclear program on steids. four tests in 5 years. >> a seismic event detected in north korea. >> north korea says it successfully tested a hydrogen bomb. >> in a rare televised speech on new years day, kim jong-un
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officially declared, mission accomplished. [ speaking foreign language ] >> his nation's decade-long quest for the bomb have been realized. the question is, despite the recent overtures for peace, will kim jong-un give up the prize that his family and his country fought for for so long? brad's about to find out if his denture can cope with... a steak. luckily for him, he uses super poligrip. it helps give him 65% more chewing power. leaving brad to dig in and enjoy.
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that's the power of &. & this shipment will be delivered... >> so what did come out of the unprecedented meeting between kim jong-un and donald trump? they signed a joint statement but one with little substance. they met and didn't give specifics and timelines, it agreed to no mechanisms for verification and monitoring. behind that there was also a vague promise to destroy a missile engine testing site. the united states gave more.
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it offered kim a platform as an equal to the president who spoke warmly of him. >> we had a really fantastic meeting. >> committed to provide security guarantees for north korea, agreed to cancel long-standing joint military exercises with south korea and dangled the prospects of foreign aid and investment to the north. but regardless of the ultimate outcome, it probably ends the idea of north korea as a crazy country. some of washington's biggest mistakes have been when it has treated countries or governments as ten feet tall and fanatical or lunatic. and for years the conventional wisdom about the north korean regime was that it was unpredictable, irrational, and, thus, undeterrable. after all, people said, look at the bizarre rituals and crazy hair cuts of its leaders. in fact, as i often pointed out, the north korean regime has been rational, strategic, and
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successful given its core goal -- survival. it has preserved its basic form of government for 70 years, persevering through the breakdown of the soviet union and its empire, the arab spring, the demise of other asian dictatorships from south korea to taiwan to indonesia. look at the world from kim jong-un's perspective. by the time he came to power, the regime lost its great patron the soviet union. its closest ally china, with whom it fought the korean war, now viewed it as a nuisance, often voting to sanction north korea at the united nations. and the most powerful country in the world, the united states, often expressed a desire to see wholesale regime change in pyongyang. sol kim jong-un accelerated the policy of his father and grandfather -- which was to buy insurance in the form of robust
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nuclear capacity. having achieved its security umbrella, north korea is now ready to talk and it would probably propose a freeze, a ban on tests, even a rollback of some capacity, but it would take a great deal to make north korea destroy its entire nuclear capacity. it's historically only appeared willing to do so in return for the end of the u.s./south korea military alliance, formal recognition by washington, and large amounts of ink. the negotiations do contain risks. any deal that leaves north korea with nuclear weapons and yet eases sanctions and provides aid would cause dismay in large parts of asia and leave south korea and japan vulnerable. since pyongyang has cheated often in the past, the treaty and inspections regime would have to be far more intrusive even than the iran deal. but whatever the risks, it's certainly worth negotiating with north korea, in doing so, we
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will realize it is a rational regime and we will understand if negotiations fail it can still be contained. north korea is a regime capable of being deterred but it's also a regime capable of outwitting an american president -- especially one too eager to make a deal. that's our program, i'm fareed zakaria. thanks for watching. our dad was in the hospital. because of smoking. but we still had to have a cigarette.
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>> anthony: you know what i like? i like sichuan. man, i love the food here. you know what else i like? torturing my friend eric ripert. i don't know why, maybe it's because he's so damn nice. you high, man? you look high. >> eric: i am. but i liked it. >> man: yeah. >> anthony: you can pretty much tear his toenails out and he'd still find something nice to say about you. he's so polite, yet, if you look closely, and i do, his discomfort can be exquisite.

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