a cnn exclusive. text messages that may have led to the murder of saudi journalist jamal khashoggi. plus, a 90-day truce, the u.s. and china agree to pause their heated trade war. plus this. >> so, what happens if the united states says you can't come in? >> if they can't get in legally, the only option, they'll have to do it illegally. >> cnn's chris cuomo there, we go inside the temporary shelters along the u.s./mexico border as migrants keep waiting, hoping to get across. live from cnn world headquarters in atlanta, we want to welcome our viewers here in the united states and all around the world.

i'm george howell. the cnn newsroom starts right now. it is 2:00 a.m. here on the u.s. east coast. good day to you. we start with the cnn exclusive, new insight now into the murder of journalist jamal khashoggi, and one of the unanswered questions why was he killed. cnn's nia dose santos has exclusively obtained 10 months' worth of what's app messages that ka showing i sent to a fellow saudi dissident and they offer new clues into why khashoggi may have been killed. >> reporter: these are words you won't have read in jamal khashoggi's columns. they're what's app messages never seen before sent by khashoggi in the year before his death. they lay bare his disdain for saudi arabia's crown prince saying, quote, he's like a beast, like pacman. the more victims he eats, the more he wants.

in another, may god rid us and this nation of this predicament. the words were exchanged with omar abdullah, a fellow critic in exile in canada. >> he believed that mbs is the issue, is the problem. and someone has to tell him that, you know, you have to be stopped. >> reporter: talk like this is dangerous from one of the country's world's worst records for human rights. it wasn't political views the pair was trading, but plans to hold the saudi state to account, creating an army of so-called cyber bees on social media, leveraging khashoggi's name and the 340,000-strong twitter following of his confidant. >> in the beginning it was a bit difficult for us to have this kind of relationship. for me i was a discan't and he was a guy who worked for the government for almost 35 years. >> reporter: khashoggi pledged funds and he bought the hardware to send home enabling dissidents to avoid detection.

in one message he writes, i sent you a brief idea about the work of the electronic army. brilliant report, khashoggi replies. i will try to sort out the money. we have to do something. how much money did he originally say he would commit to the project? >> he said 30,000. >> reporter: 30,000 u.s. dollars? >> yes. >> reporter: how dangerous is a project like that in saudi arabia? >> you might be killed because of that. you might be jailed. they might send someone to assassinate you. >> reporter: just like khashoggi, he believes he was also targeted after two saudi emissaries were dispatched to canada, he says, last may, to coax him into the embassy there. he made these secret recordings of their meetings and shared them with cnn. >> translator: we have come to you with a message from mohammed bin salman. i want you to be reassured. we don't have to approach someone from an official department or the state security. the saudi arabian embassy awaits you.

>> reporter: he refused, they got to him another way. hacking his phone. according to a lawsuit he filed this week against the israeli firm behind the spy wear. when the pair's plans were discovered, khashoggi panicked. god help us, he wrote. how much of a target did that make both of you? >> the hacking of my phone played the major role on what happened to jamal. i'm really sorry to say that. we were trying to teach people about human rights, about freedom of speech, that's it. this is the only crime that we have committed. >> reporter: anyone a donina do cnn. >> nina, thank you. the israeli company that invented the software allegedly used to hack his phone, it says its technology is licensed for the sole use of governments and law enforcement agencies to

fight terrorism and to fight crime. the company adds, it does not tolerate misuse of its products. the g20 summit, it has come and gone, but the u.s. president is now tweeting about new results of his meeting with the chinese president xi jinping that took place in argentina. the leaders of the world's two biggest economies agreed to a temporary truce in their trade war for at least 90 days. a short time ago mr. trump tweet the china has agreed to reduce tariffs on cars coming into china from the united states. adding that currently the tariff is 40%. china has not confirmed that move as of this point, but the president's tweet comes as negotiators from both sides are trying to iron out key trade differences. let's go live to the chinese capital. steven zhong is following the story in beijing. steven, thank you for your time. what reaction are we hearing

from china? and is this part of the negotiation play? >> reporter: well, we are still waiting to hear from the official reaction on this latest tweet, but, you know, it may take them sometime because this is the kind of added uncertainty or confusion. i think trade negotiators not only from china but also from the u.s. may have to learn to deal with as they get engaged in already very complex trade talks in the upcoming weeks and months. but, george, this tweet does require a bit of context because china actually slashed tariffs on foreign cars in july right before the start of the trade war with the u.s. so, if you buy an imported car from countries other than the u.s., you pay a 15% tariff. the 40% tariff on u.s. cars is because china added a 25% punitive measure on these imports after the trade war started. so that's why a lot of people are trying to figure out what the president meant by removing or reducing the 40% tariffs. does he mean it goes back to 15% or it goes to 0%?

now, that would be a major coups for him, george. >> what we know at this point, we know the united states has agreed to hold off on tariffs, to put tariffs on ice, essentially, for a moment. and china plans to buy more goods from the united states, industrial goods, farm goods, things of that nature. how much pressure does that take off these two economies, even at least for a temporary moment? >> reporter: i think temporarily this is good news because it does give breathing room to a lot of people involved, including investors. if you look at the market reactions here in china, they have been very positive. in shanghai, for example, the number has been up significantly, more than 2%. so this is also -- applies to american farmers. as you mention chinese manufacturers as well as consumers around the world. so that's why these talks going forward in the next 90 days will be crucial, because they are going to touch on the core demands for mr. trump.

that is china not only has to buy more from the u.s., but also has to change its economic structu struck structure and stop using trade practices. she's have been long resisted by mr. xi and his government. this juncture, it's difficult to envision a mutually agreeable solution, permanent solution to this thorny issue, but that is still good news at least for now, at least based on the market reaction that both leaders have decided to give it another shot on these trade talks, george. >> steven zblohong live for us. the moscow trump tower project that recently surfaced in the headlines amid revelations that the u.s. special counsel probe was looking into this, a russian-based developer has confirmed that cnn -- to cnn that it's building a tower in moscow, but here's the thing. it's not the tower that donald trump hoped to see there. cnn's senior international correspondent matthew chance explains this.

-- >> reporter: for trump it's always been about business, his business. his brand, his properties. >> people ask me, what does trump stand for more than anything else? if i use one word, it's always quality. big windows, great textures, beautiful kitchens, everything is going to be the best. and that's what it's all about. >> reporter: and it was trump that property developer, who campaigned to be a republican presidential candidate. juggling his business and political ambitions, which inevitably overlapped. but by how much is only now coming to light. his former lawyer revealing negotiations to build a trump tower in moscow went on much longer than previously admitted. until at least june 2016, after he essentially secured the nomination. nothing wrong with that, trump insisted, before leaving for the

g20. >> it was a well known project. it was during the early part of '16 and i guess even before that. i didn't do the project. i decided not to do the project. so i didn't do it. so we're not talking about doing a project. >> reporter: it was in this location on the out skirts of moscow near the sprawling entertainment complex that the mosc moscow tower was meant to be built, a 14-tower project according to developers. you look through this wire fence that some of the towers have already started to be constructed. but of course, the trump tower isn't amongst them. one of the ideas for that trump building, according to one of his business associates, was to give the top floor, the penthouse apartment, in a 250-apartment block, to vladimir putin, the russian president, as a way of attracting buyers. >> the trump organization likes to be ahead of the curve.

we are always ahead of the curve, and this would be another example. >> reporter: ivanka trump and her spa and fitness brand were also an integral part of the moscow proposal. according to a letter of intent obtained by cnn, trump's daughter would be given sole and absolute discretion to approve the spa designs. this was a trump family affair. but how much was the kremlin also involved? until this week, it insisted attempts by trump associates to make contact over the moscow tower had been ignored. the kremlin spokesman now admits his office called and asked why they wanted to have meetings with the presidential administration, and explained that, we have nothing to do with construction issues in the city of moscow. it may be an important change. the russian-based owners of croaker city where trump tower moscow was meant to be built

have been embroiled with the trump family in other areas, too. did the russian authorities give your family information to pass on to the trump administration? take a meme, the pop star son of crocus owner who helped set up a meeting between donald trump, jr., and russians promising dirt on hillary clinton at trump tower in new york. aras and trump also co-organized the 2013 miss universe contest in moscow. for the u.s. president, it appears business and politics in russia have often mixed. matthew chance, cnn, moscow. >> next here on cnn newsroom, we look back at the life of the former u.s. president george h.w. bush. his presidential style in stark contrast to the current politics of the day, we compare ahead. plus an inside look at migrant shelters on the u.s./mexico border.

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monday marks the beginning of memorial services and a week of national mourning for the former president of the united states, george h.w. bush. mr. bush died friday. he was 94 years old. during his time in office, he helped to end the cold war, saw the reunification of east and west germany, and launched the successful operation desert storm. on monday, mr. bush's casket will be flown to washington, d.c. there, the public will be able to pay their respects to a man who spent his life serving his country. cnn's suzanne malveaux has details here for you. >> reporter: it is being called special air mission 41, the mission to deliver the body, the casket of president george h.w. bush do his final resting place. the presidential aircraft is now in ellington field. this is the presidential aircraft that carried president trump to the g20 summit in argentina. it is the same aircraft that

will carry the body of president bush from here to joint base andrews. the formal ceremonies beginning around 4:45, the arrival ceremony at the u.s. capital rotunda where president bush will lie in state, it will be 7:30 monday evening through 8:45 wednesday morning, but the public will be able to pay their respects. 11:00 a memorial service at the national cathedral where friends, family, dignitaries will gather as well. and wednesday evening, the president's body to return here to texas where he will lie in repose until thursday morning. and then a second memorial service at st. martin's episcopal church. this is the same church that barbara bush was memorialized. a brief trip by train, and then on to college station, texas, where the president will be buried at the presidential library alongside barbara bush and their young child robin who died at age 3. we have been talking to so many people here in houston. we have been seeing the tributes, the beautiful statues,

the flowers, the teddy bears, even those colorful socks that the president loved. all of them honoring the late president. take a listen. >> i think they're very well respected. i think he was a great states man. i loved his socks, so i loved seeing him on the news. i loved seeing the bush family. so i think he's going to be very missed here. >> maybe texas is obviously a red state, but the city is vibrant with progressive ideas. but i think there is that sense of unity still that we realize we're part of a larger picture here. it's not just about houston. it's about texas. i think we really do rally behind the bushes and what they stood for in terms of civility. >> reporter: president was a huge sports fan, booster, representative for the 7th district of texas which is now turned democratic. people in houston embracing this man with love and respect as well as his whole family as the rest of the world prepares to say good-bye. suzanne malveaux, cnn, houston, texas.

>> let's now bring in tim na tally, historian and former presidential director of the nixon library. joining us by skype this hour. thank you for your time. >> thank you. >> what are your expectations? >> well, it will be somber moment, actually somber series of moments. i believe it will also be an opportunity to celebrate a life. it will be for many people to celebrate an american role in the world, a role that america does not play at the moment, but may once again play in the future. george herbert walker bush deeply believed in the importance of allies. he believed in the concept of collective security. in some way you could see him as a continuation of franklin roosevelt.

george bush fought in world war ii, believed that some of the ideals that roosevelt saw when he helped build the united nations were ideals that had a place in the cold war -- post-cold war world. he really felt that nations should work together for peace. >> just following on what you're describing here, really, the paradigm shift, right? you're talking about the politics of then in contrast to the politics of today, this feeling -- when you think about george h.w. bush, the themes that come to the fore of allies, of globalism, certainly in contrast to the politics that we're seeing play out now on the geopolitical stage. >> well, two things. one, i think individuals matter. there is a debate among historians and scholars the extent to which great events of the product of structure and great waves of change. and others look to the role of

individuals. most of us think it's a bit of both. does donald trump represent most americans? does his view of america first, does his isolationism because that's basically what he's pushing. is that the mind-set of america now? i don't believe it is. i don't think most americans embrace donald trump's view, transactional view of international affairs. but he is president and as president has enormous power and influence. but it's not clear that that's where america will be once he leaves office. so, i so i'm not sure we're in a paradigm shift where america is going. we are certainly in a presidential paradigm shift. >> speaking of mr. trump, he will be attending, tim, he will be attending one of the ceremonies. this is important because it will be the first time we've seen the u.s. president, mr. trump, side by side with the other presidents, former presidents who he has openly disparaged. i hate to bring that into view, but that is the case as it

stands. how significant will it be? what is the -- what's the impact, do you think, of seeing this president side by side, how important is it for the nation for that to happen? >> well, it's extremely important for donald trump to act like a president, and he has time and again rejected presidential norms. rejected the kinds of things we expect from presidents whether they're democrats or republicans. attending a state funeral is a requirement for a president. he had the opportunity to find an excuse not to go to first lady barbara bush's funeral earlier this year. he did not have to go to senator john mccain's funeral. he has to go to a state funeral. he doesn't have a choice. the death of a president leads to a state funeral, so he had no choice but to go. so it's really up to donald trump. will he behave the way all american, all modern american presidents have behaved? you know, that's the test for him. it's not a test for the american people and it's not a test for

the presidents that are going to be sitting next to him. it's a test for donald trump. is he going to act presidential during this week of mourning? >> tim, we appreciate your time. thank you so much. >> my pleasure, george. thank you. >> still ahead this hour on cnn newsroom, human rights groups are calling out the deplorable conditions at a migrant shelter on the u.s./mexico border. we take a look inside. plus this. after protesters damage the center of paris this weekend, the french government is digging in to how it can keep the violence from spreading. stay with us. we'll be right back. discover a new take on nude. matte ink un-nude from maybelline new york. unconventional, unexpected nudes. liquid matte formula. up to 16 hour wear.

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welcome back to our viewers here in the united states and all around the world. you are watching cnn newsroom live from atlanta. i'm george howell with the headlines we're following for you this hour. text messages sent by jamal khashoggi may shed light on why the journalist was murdered two months ago. cnn has received exclusive access to the messages between khashoggi and another saudi exile. in them khashoggi bluntly criticized the saudi crown prince. he also wrote about funding an electronic army of young saudi dissidents on social media. the g20 summit, it has come and gone, but now a u.s. official says the difficult work begins to resolve the u.s./china trade dispute. the two nations called a temporary truce in the trade war

for at least 90 days after the presidents of the countries, trump and xi, met in argentina at the g20 over the weekend. the negotiators now trying to work out these outstanding issues. time is running out for the british prime minister theresa may to convince parliament to back her brexit deal. the vote on the bill in just eight days now, and if it doesn't pass, the u.k.'s main opposition party said it will seek a no confidence vote for miss may. qatar has announced it is leaving opec. the country's minister of state for energy and affairs says the withdrawal from the oil producers organization will happen on january 1st and says the country wants to focus its efforts on increasing its natural gas production. along the u.s. border with mexico, thousands of migrants from central america have been living in makeshift camps and the conditions of those camps have been described as

unsanitary, poor. and recent rainfall has made matters worse there. cnn's chris cuomo and leyla santiago give us a firsthand look. >> we're going to enter what they're calling the facility, shelter facility. you've been seeing the sign because this is a distraction. we're going to meet leyla santiago now and go inside and show you the reality of what they're calling a facility, a shelter. >> this is the camp that was set up for the migrants. you can see helicopters. you can hear helicopters are constantly coming over because we're really close to the u.s./mexico border. there are thousands of people here. >> this is what they're calling a shelter? >> right. there's nothing above most of the tents that you see here. there is one building that has a roof, but not a lot of people fit in there. >> what are we seeing here in term of the condition s? because everybody keeps saying who is here, something has to change, something has to change. >> yesterday was a big day. rain came down, and so a lot of

these tents were flooded. you can see -- >> you see the flooding over here where they have to go to the bathroom. >> and that's good compared to what it was yesterday. i mean, these piles of trash here are really, for some people, the only belongings that they had. >> right. >> so it was soaked. people were scrambling to try to get a tarp, to try to keep warm. children sleeping on wet blankets. [ speaking in spanish ] >> what happens if the united states says you can't come in? >> he says if they can't get in legally, the only option, they'll have to do it illegally. but he knows that immigration, u.s. immigration will be there keeping an eye. >> so, this place just keeps growing, right? >> right. >> everything we're seeing now, the line just keeps moving this way. it started over there, and now the tents have just been spreading more and more this way. and even with this new shelter, that's the -- there's a new shelter 45 minutes away and it's

met with a lot of skepticism because -- is it better or is it farther away? that's why you're still seeing these tents. obviously people believed it was a better deal, they would go. the sanitation here is regular. they're coming and they're emptying the port-a-potties. but it is -- this isn't just water, okay. this is sanitation waste. these people are living in it. what is next? this can't stay this way. >> right. >> so, what are the possibilities? >> well, i keep asking people that. officials, the migrants themselves, and nobody seems to have an answer. >> they don't know. so they're really just taking it day by day. >> hour by hour, i'd say. his stomach is hurting. [ speaking in spanish ] >> yesterday justin was with a bucket emptying out the tent. and this is jefferson. when everything was raining, he

was outside looking for a tarp to cover his family. [ speaking foreign language ] it's a family of four. she says she wants to find a job. [ speaking foreign language ] she's saying she doesn't want to go back do her country, so i'm asking her why. [ speaking foreign language ] she's about to cry, so i'm asking her why. [ speaking foreign language ] she's scared to talk about what happened in honduras because she's afraid it will get back to the people over there. >> you know, the story is so common that they're leaving something at home, that they're afraid of so much that they'd rather live like this. >> this is henna, genesis. look at what she's showing us. she has in her little cart the bible. >> oh.

these are icons. this is protection for her. somebody put this around her for protection. these are religious icons. this is protective. [ speaking foreign language ] >> she's our mother. >> virgin mother. >> inside of every one of these, there's a family with a story and a struggle. and there's a lot of similarities, but there are a lot of individual hardships as well. so many of them are joined by one really desperate reality. they don't have anywhere else to go. going home, they believe, is not an option. now, you may want to believe that that's a play for sympathy, but to live like this in these conditions for the amount of time they've been here, think about it. here are all the kids. this same thing could be happening in your community. how bizarre is that? imagine if this was the best you could do for your kids. look what they're playing in the middle of. >> so, this is angel. [ speaking foreign language ]

when i met him in mexico city, his feet were blistered and swollen and red. [ speaking foreign language ] let's see how they're doing now. >> they look better now. they're a little chapped up on the bottom, but they look better. it's good to have shoes. i saw a sign when we were coming over here. you see how it says "shine" on his shirt? there was written on the side of a cause way where people were trying to enter, [ speaking foreign language ] the sun shines for all. it's hard to believe that if you're living in this place right now. >> there seems to be some hope among the families that they've sacrificed everything to get here, so surely there is a better future. but they are also very well aware of that fence, which represents a lot, you know? a barrier to what they see as the better future. >> yeah. i mean, you can look at it two ways.

look how close they are. that's how close they are to realizing their dream. but more and more that fence is representing exactly what, to be frank, the president hopes it does, a barrier, that you're not getting in, that you're not wanted, that you should go away. and here we're caught in the middle of what reality is going to be acceptable. >> my colleague chris cuomo and leyla santiago giving people a firsthand look at people there, migrants who have been demonized in u.s. politics as of late. but people, mothers, fathers, children who are living in quite deplorable conditions. moving on now to france, the government there is considering all options to control violent protests in paris that have happened for the past three weekends. take a look. more than 400 people arrested, dozens more injured in these clashes between police and yellow-vest protesters as they are called, on saturday. the protesters are angry by

rising fuel prices and government environmental policies. the president of france, emmanuel macron, surveyed the damage on sunday, and he led a crisis meeting to discuss how to respond to these riots. mr. macron talked about the violence in paris at the g20 while people at home reflected on what was happening. >> translator: the people who are instigators of this violence don't want any change, any improvement. they want chaos, and they are betraying the causes which they claim to serve. they are manipulating them. they will be identified and they will be held responsible before justice. >> people are disturbing, disturbing people who come to visit. but it's also their right to do that. so i think it has like both sides is like positive and negative.

>> translator: i think it is sad that the people who are hungry are forced to come to this to get heard. i think it is very, very sad in a democratic society. >> the french government spokesperson said anti-violence measures are being considered and include possibly imposing a state of emergency. this story about a former cnn journalist and the head of a popular news website called rappler back in the philippines has surrendered to a court in ma mill a. maria and rappler were indicted for tax. her news site has been highly critical of drodery goh duterte's drug war. she said sunday she won't back down. >> going to hold my government accountable for publicly calling me a criminal. i am not a criminal. i have been a journalist my entire life. i will continue to hold the government accountable. the second is obviously it makes

you feel vulnerable. but i think that's the point, right? the point is for the government to actually make you feel its power, and that it can do what it wants to do, including bending the law to the point that it's broken. >> her attorney tells cnn his client has now appeared before a judge, posted bail, and was free to leave the court. we'll continue to follow the story, of course. still ahead here on newsroom, as the world's authorities on climate change gather in poland, we look at the paris climate accord. speaking of climate change, an entire indian island is about to be wiped right off the map, that's right. we'll tell you about it. stick around. come on dad! higher! higher!

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that is what the 2015 paris

climate accord promised and almost three years later those at the cop 24 climate change conference are still raising red flags about climate change. our nick payton walsh has this look for you. >> reporter: december 2015, the paris climate agreement gave those sounding alarm bells about the future a renewed hope for the planet. nearly 200 countries pledging to do their part to limit global warming to less than 2 degrees celsius above pre-industrial levels, with hopes of capping that number at 1.5. >> this agreement represents the best chance we've had to save the one planet that we've got. >> reporter: the call to action, say most experts, not a moment too soon. hurricane ands typhoons are growing in strength and frequency, leaving paths of intense devastation in their wake. two blazing hotter and scorching the earth more often with more

severity. and then the colossal structures nasa warns are melting at an alarming rate causing sea levels to rise. one of the most visible results of the dramatic effect of warming temperatures. leading to loss of habitat for not only animals and sea life, but creating a very real threat to life and livelihood for the nearly 40% of the world's population that lives within 100 kilometers of the ocean. the paris agreement, it seemed, the best chance to stave off this march toward planetary disaster. but the world's commitment to fighting the threat faded. with the new u.s. president in 2017 came a change in belief, and course of action for the nation's second only to china at the top of the list in total carbon emissions. >> as of today, the united states will cease all

implementation of the non-binding paris accord. >> reporter: a climate report just released by donald trump's own administration outlined $400 billion in costs to the u.s. since 2015 from natural disasters strengthened by climate change. a number that is expected to increase as the world grows warmer. trump's response? >> i don't believe it. >> you don't believe it? >> no, no, i don't believe it. >> reporter: the tectonic shift not only the worsened trend. brazil has rescinded its offer to host the u.n. climate conference next year with the incoming foreign minister calling climate change, quote, a marxist hoax. but the world meteorological organization says otherwise, warning the planet's long-term warming trend has far from abated. >> 2016 was the warm est year on record and 2017 was the second warm est recorded.

and this is -- 2015 was number three and this year is number four. >> reporter: the situation is so dire, scientists say, if a real change is not made imminently, the planet is on track to warm 3 to 4 degrees centigrade by the end of the century, likely causing widespread food and water shortages, economic catastrophe and large scale loss of life. the current data is far from encouraging. paris agreement largely symbolic in nature had no tangible consequences for nations that fail to meet their targets, and many are indeed falling short. 2017 set a record for carbon emissions, a record expected to be broken again in 2018 as new coal power plants fire up across asia and africa, joining the other fossil fuel plants still active around the globe. and in a bit of ironic fate, poland, this year's host nation for climate talks, gets 80% of its power from coal. some with they and the other industrial nations will have to

change and change soon, to give the planet a fighting chance for survival. nick payton walsh, cnn, london. >> nick, thank you. the lack of progress on global warming is acutely being felt at sea level. in places like coastal india where one tiny island could some day vanish, it's already shrinking. and as our kumar explains, climate change is the culprit. >> reporter: the indian island, home to some of the world's largest mangrove forests as well as rare and endangered species, now the tiny island is on the verge of disappearing all because of climate change. it's just five square kilometers, located south of the indian city of calcutta, it is part of the delta in the bay of bengal. sea levels are rising and soil is slowly eroding, swallowing up the island. scientists say it is because of global warming. the island has lost nearly half its size in two decades,

according to --. many of the villages have lost their homes. one house stood next to these rice paddy fields now flooded by rising tides. they lost their home three times in the last decade and had to move further inland each time. now she fears for her survival. as the land disappears, so do the crops. >> translator: we face a lot of problems. people have nothing to eat once the land is lost to the water. the island is small now, and people have left and gone away. >> reporter: on this island, there is no electricity, no cars, no cell phones. yet the residents here are forced to deal with the effects of a carbon footprint from far away. >> translator: the residents here, the 4800 people who live here, we have to save them. we have to increase the height of the embankment. we have to relocate the residents from here to another, better place. >> reporter: a recent u.n.

climate change report warned that global temperatures are on track for three to five degrees celsius rise this century. scientists say that it's crucial to limit the rise in global temperatures to avoid more extreme weather, rising sea levels, and the loss of plant and animal species. they say the effects of that failure will hit the world's poorest, especially hard. like the many villages on the island who say they want to leave the island, but can't afford to. mikhail kumar, cnn. >> still ahead, millions of migrating birds are filling the skies of rome. we will tell you why they're ruffling feathers in the city. and what's being done to scare them away? stay with us. ♪ cleaning floors with a mop and bucket is a hassle, meaning you probably don't clean as often as you'd like. for a quick and convenient clean, try swiffer wetjet. there's no heavy bucket, or mop to wring out,

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>> reporter: rome is being overwhelmed by a new wave of migration. you could almost say the city is going to the birds. every evening around sunset, skies over rome start to darken with clouds of starlings heading south for the winter. and they are ruffling the feathers of everyday romans. around 4 million of them munn much all day in the country side and descend on the eternal city at night on a wing and a prayer to do their business, pelting the city with rock hard bird droppings. starlings are a protected species in italy so rome city hall has enlisted specialist s to take on this crappy job. a bird in hand is exactly what ma ritz a dreamed, this hawk handler has. but their scott walker is worse than their bite.

[ speaking foreign language ] >> reporter: he stelz us they're using the hawks with distress sounds trained not to hurt the birds, but just to scare. but who is scaring who? >> i'm running away from -- >> reporter: some people even like them. >> i think they're fantastic. >> reporter: not everyone agrees with introducing predators to scare the migrating masses away, but something has to be done to make rome safe again. while the experts debate this messy problem yet to be solved, it's better to just stay prepared for this rather unpleasant rain. for cnn, rome. >> keep the umbrella handy there. barbie, thank you very much. in johannesburg, the late nelson mandela's 100th birthday. star power was out in force for a charity concert and it brought thousands of people together for the global citizen festival. its goal, to raise awareness

about poverty while also honoring south africa's first black president, nobel prize winner and anti-apartheid icon. beyonce, jay z and ed sheeran were among the celebrities there and oprah gave the keynote address on mandela's legacy. thank you for watching cnn newsroom this hour. i'm george howell at the cnn center in atlanta. you can connect with me any time on twitter at george howell, cnn. more news right after the break. let's do it again. stay with us. ♪ can you feel it

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a cnn exclusive. critical text messages that may have led to the murder of journalist jamal khashoggi. plus this. >> this is the most traveled artery in alaska, and take a look at what has happened to the roadway because of the earthquake. >> alaska struggling to recover from severe damage after a 7.0 earthquake rips through anchorage. also ahead this hour, protesters and violence in the city of paris. it provokes a promise from the government to stop its spread. we are live from cnn world headquarters in atlanta and we want to welcome our viewers here in the united states and all