perform its duty to consider the merits of the whistle-blower complaint and we, as citizens, need to do our duty to listen, to be informed, to consider the evidence, to be worthy of this democracy that we love. fareed zakaria is next. this is "gps: the global public square." welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria. we'll begin today's show where this wild week began, with britain's supreme court finding boris johnson's actions unlawful. and with the u.s. house of representatives launching an impeachment inquiry into the actions of president trump. >> impeachment for that? >> i'll discuss both in an exclusive interview with britain's former prime minister, david cameron. then we'll dig deeper into the other nation at the center of the impeachment inquiry,

ukraine. adam applebaum, who's just back from kiev will explain the connection between ukraine and america. also, iran. secretary pompeo said that this week at the u.n., the u.s. made real progress uniting the world to get tough on the islamic republic. will this bring tehran to the table to negotiate or provoke it even further? and, israel's inconclusive election results. will bibi netanyahu be able to form another government? i'll talk to the "new york times" tom friedman. but first, here's my take. whether you think it rises to the level of an impeachable offense, can we all agree that what president trump did was profoundly wrong? he pressured a foreign government to dig up dirt on his

political opponent. this is very different from the russia investigation, what was at its core about whether as a candidate trump had colluded with the kremlin. in the case of ukraine, the president is accused of using the awesome power of the united states, power that could make a life-or-death difference for ukraine, to serve his personal political gain. sadly, it's part of a pattern of violations of democratic norms and perhaps laws. the mueller report reveals that donald trump actively sought to curtail or end the special counsel's investigation. trump has allegedly dangled pardons for officials who might break the law in carrying out his immigration agenda. he has repeatedly lambasted the investigative agencies of government or even worse, pressured them to investigate his political opponents. he has ignored congressional subpoenas and refused to turn over documents. trump is a particularly

egregious example, but his misbehavior fits a global trend. after all, boris johnson engaged in a political maneuver, suspending parliament, that britain's supreme court unanimously ruled was unlawful. india's narendra modi has spoken and governed in ways that have terrified its minorities. duterte has praised judicial killings. and leaders like erdogan in turkey have argued to change the constitution to insist on one-country, one-man rule. many scholars have chronicled the democratic recession. across the globe, enthusiasm for autocrats has grown. between 1995 and 2014, there were large increases in the share of people who would like to see a strong leader who does not have to bother with

parliament and elections, growing by nearly ten points in the u.s., almost 20 points in spain and south korea, and about 25 points in russia and south africa. why is this? the best i can guess is that we're living in times of great change and in the swirl, people feel insecure and anxious. they don't believe that existing institutions are serving them well. of 27 democracies surveyed by pew, a majority in 21 countries say they see little change regardless of who wins an election. so people are open to supporting populist leaders who play on their fears, seize on scapegoats, and promise to take decisive action on their behalf. add to this the rising reality of tribal politics, the sense that each of us is on a team and our team is always in the right. tribalism is the enemy of institutions, norms, and the rule of law.

in a recent book, milan vishnev shows that politicians who have been charged of a crime are more likely to win elections in india. in tribal politics, people actually celebrate leaders who break the law, because they are supposedly doing so to help their tribe. political parties used to act as gatekeepers and norm-setters, keeping out populists and demagogues and forcing their members to adhere to certain rules and norms. but politicians can now raise money and gain a following outside of the party, through direct appeals to the public, using social media, to exploit the very anger and emotion nah parties used to moderate. in his 1960 study of american politics, clinton rossiter declared, no america without democracy, no democracy without politics, no politics without parties, no parties without compromise and moderation. american democracy today desperately needs the republican

party to play a role that upholds democracy rather than feasting on its destruction. for more, go to cnn.com/fareed and read my "washington post" column this week. and let's get started. angelo american institutions this week pushed back against actions by their nation's populist leaders. first, the british supreme court found prime minister boris johnson's suspension of parliament to be unlawful. then the u.s. house of representatives launched an impeachment inquiry into president trump. i want to talk about both events with my first guest, david cameron. this is the first u.s. television interview for the former british prime minister, the man who called the brexit referendum. his new book is "for the record." david, pleasure to have you on. >> great to be with you.

>> first question, which you must always be asked is, do you not regret putting your country through the nightmare of this kind of brexit drama, should you not have just never had this referendum in the first place? >> well, i feel huge sadness and regrets about the situation we're in now and the difficulties we face. they will come to an end, we will solve this. but when i look back, as i do in the book, lots of regrets of things i could have done differently, perhaps a better negotiation, perhaps a different timing. but i feel -- i felt then and i still feel now that a referendum was inevitable. there was not just growing political pressure, because we'd had treaty after treaty and power after power pass from westminster to brussels, but also, there was a genuine problem with the development of the euro, the organization we were in, was changing in front of our eyes, i felt it was inevitable. i wanted us to have a renegotiation and a referendum to try to deal with these issues and keep us in, clearly i have failed in that endeavor.

but the attempt was a genuine one. >> tony blair, your predecessor, says the country is clearly genuinely divided and confused about what exactly it means to do brexit, is it hard, is it soft? and that's why there should be a second referendum. do you agree? >> i think the first thing that ought to happen is for the prime minister to go back to brussels, to negotiate a deal, for us to carry out the outcome of the referendum, which is to leave and become, as i put it, friends and neighbors and partners with the european union, but not members. it's not the choice i would make. i threw everything into the campaign for us to stay. but the result went another way. if we can't get that deal, we are then still after three years stuck. and one of the ways of getting unstuck is to have a general election or to have a second referendum. so my view is we shouldn't rule those things out. they may be necessary to get us out of the situation, but the first major for prime minister boris johnson, and he has my support in doing this, is

getting a deal in brussels in order for us to leave as friends, neighbors, and partners. >> but you say in the book that boris johnson didn't really believe in brexit, that he actually adopted this position purely for his political advantage? >> well, what i explained in the book is when i called the referendum and wanted boris johnson on my side, i said to him, you know, you've never previously supported leaving. you've been a euro skeptic, you wanted reform. you think my deal of changes, important as i thought they were, were not enough, but that's not a reason for leaving. he made his choice and i talk about that in the book. but now he's prime minister. he has this huge responsibility. i want him to succeed in getting a sensible deal with the european union and taking that to the house of commons and passing it. but i think the one thing we ought to avoid is leaving without a deal. i think that would be bad for our economy, bad for the united kingdom, bad, actually, for the european union, too. and so if we can't get that deal, we'll have to find another way of getting out of the

situation into which we've become stuck. >> you took the conservative party and tried to modernize it. you came out very strongly in favor of a more inclusive party, diversity, gay marriage. it reminds me a little bit of george w. bush who initially tried to create a compassionate conservatism. and both of those parties, the conservative party in britain and the republican party in america have been taken over, essentially, by populists. why? >> well, i don't completely accept that comparison. yes, the conservative party has -- is running a government that wants to deliver brexit, which is not my approach, but actually, it is still a conservative party that reflects the changes i made over 11 years of leading it. it has got far more women mps, it's got members of parliament from every black and minority ethnic group virtually in the united kingdom. it's more geographically spread. and also, it continues to back equal marriage -- >> but it's animated by a certain suspicion of foreigners,

of immigration. in that sense, it is more xenophobic. >> i don't think it's necessarily true that just if you want to deliver brexit, it means you can't be a compassionate conservative. i'm a compassionate conservative and i think brexit is a bad idea. but i don't think those things have to go together. but if you're asking me what lies behind what is happening in our politics, i would go back to 2008 and the financial crash and the deep recessions we suffered. and the sense that people have that while globalization has had many successes, we have seen, in recent years, a sense of economic insecurity, people at the bottom feeling they're not getting a fair break. that wages have been too stagnant. and also, a sense of cultural insecurity. that immigration levels have been very high in my country, all across the european union, and in the united states, and people feel not enough has been done to address these issues. you add into that mix the modern way the media works, where people can create their own television channels, their own facts, their own truth, their

own echo chambers, and i think that mixture of things has made the rise of populism take place. my view is, as a conservative is, there's no point railing against this and raging about it. you've got to deal with the causes. let's have better control of immigration. let's have higher minimum wages, tax cuts for the lowest paid, and let's make sure that we can have media that's truthful as a reasonable empire for our debates. >> stay with us. next on gps, prime minister cameron on america's political problems, when we come back. [ orchestral music playing ] mom you've got to get yourself a new car. i wish i could save faster. you're making good choices. you'll get there. ♪ were you going to tell me about this? i know i can't afford to go. i still have this car so you can afford to go. i am so proud of you. thanks. principal. we can help you plan for that. start today at principal.com.

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and we are back with david cameron, the former british prime minister, and the author of "for the record." david, you've seen a lot of politicians in action. what do you make of donald trump? >> well, there are not many areas where we agree on the face of things. i'm a believer in action to tackle climate change. i'm not sure he is. i'm a staunch defender of nato and he's said in the past it might be obsolete. i'm a believer in free trade and he's taken quite a lot of quite protectionist steps. but i think i believe so much in the special relationship between britain and the united states that we've got to find ways of working together. so let's start with some areas where we agree. the fight against islamist extremism and terrorism. and let's recognize that in office, donald trump, perhaps, has not been quite the same of the candidate we heard. he has actually been more

positive about nato. and that is very important. and the economy and the tax changes have been positive. so british prime ministers and former british prime ministers, we should try to find things where we can agree and we can work together rather than emphasizing a lot of the differences we might have. >> he's done something extraordinary, though, in wading into british politics. when boris johnson was not prime minister, he openly and loudly supported him, kept talking about how he'd be good. why do you think he finds that commonality? >> well, i think, interestingly, both of them are quite establishment figures, and yet kind of raging against the establishment. they obviously have some commonalities and there are some similarities in what happened with the brexit vote and what happened with the election of donald trump in 2016. but, look, i want the relationship to work, whoever is the prime minister, whoever is the president. and so, i think -- i mean, donald trump does go about

politics in a totally different way. and people like me who are perhaps a bit more traditional about things you would say about other people's election campaigns and all the rest of it, we have to recognize that maybe some of the rules are changing. >> let me ask you about ukraine. i know you're going to be careful, but i want to ask you something that i think you have both knowledge and authority on and can speak about, which is the charge that donald trump makes about joe biden is that biden was trying to get the ukrainians to fire the chief prosecutor. a lot of experts and media reports say, that was a demand being made by the europeans, by the united states, it was all part of an effort to rid ukraine of corruption and the argument was, this guy was himself author rely corrupt, and therefore, he had to go. do you recall that process? and do you think it's fair to say that what biden was doing was asking for something that essentially the world was asking

in firing this prosecutor? >> i don't recall all of the specifics about the specific individuals, but it's certainly true to say that the british view, i think, in common with the american view, was that ukraine needed to do more to tackle corruption. that ukraine actually is a country with a huge potential in success. it's a big country, a big population. it could be as wealthy and successful as a country like poland, its neighbor, which is now many times richer than ukraine. and our view was, we're helping you in terms of your defense and we're helping in terms of standing up to the russian aggression. but you need to help us by dealing with in your country. and that was a common theme with all the interactions that i had, particularly with president poroshenko, who was president of ukraine for most of my time in office. >> many people told me at the time that you and angela merkel were the two staunchest defenders of the idea that you had to be tough on the russians for the invasion of ukraine, for

the annexation of crimea, that you had to keep sanctions in place. that there were a lot of other european leaders who were wanting to do business with russia were more comfortable getting rid of the sanctions. do you worry that the european union and the west will not stay firm, particularly with all of this complexity of what's happened in ukraine and that the russians will be able to get away with it? >> i do worry about it. my view is simple, when it came to the russian incursion into georgia, which happened some years before ukraine, the western response was weak. we made a fuss for a small amount of time, but there were no proper sanctions, no proper measures. and angela merkel and i were determined, when russia took advantage of the situation in ukraine and basically stole a piece of territory, that there would be permanent consequences. we knew we couldn't militarily reverse what had happened, but we could put in place sanctions and we worked very closely, linking the eu with the u.s. and putting in place sanctions at the same time, in the same way. and i think it's very important

we keep that up. i think it's the only language that putin understands on this issue on what he considers his near abroad, but what i consider to be countries that want a free and democratic and european future. >> finally thoughts on iran, you were there when the iran deal was negotiated. do you think that the americans made a mistake by pulling out of it? >> well, i do, because, look, it's certainly right to say that the deal have their imperfections, but all deals have their imperfections. but fundamentally, what we managed to negotiate, and i think it was a great credit to president obama, all the work that he did, what we managed to negotiate was to keep iran permanently away from having a nuclear weapon with the right to inspect and verify that that was the case. and the trouble with getting out of it is you're replacing something with huge uncertainty. by all mean, trying to improve on the deal, try to make sure that it runs on for longer, but

actually walking away from it without a real answer actually makes the world less safe rather than more safe. >> are you worried there might be actual conflict in the middle east? >> i worry it's a very dangerous situation. and of course, i share all of the concerns of those in congress and the president who say that iran has a terrible record, that it supports terrorist groups, that it is an author of instability, i share all of those arguments. but often in politics and in international affairs, we're not dealing with perfection. and we're not dealing with a choice that is brilliant against a choice that is terrible. we're dealing with a set of, you know, often poor choices. but you pick the best one you can. and that's what i think our deal did in getting rid of that deal makes the situation more unsafe. >> david cameron, pleasure to have you on. >> thank you. next on gps, the pulitzer prize-winning ann applebaum on why trump's behavior might have sounded very familiar to the people of ukraine, when we come

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in a survey conducted five years ago, 84% of americans could not locate ukraine on a map. given russia's invasion of crimea and this week's whistle-blower news, i hope that number has come down significantly. look at the map. it is here, by the way. anyway, this nation that is now on our front pages every day is still an enigma to many. let me bring in anne applebaum. she has just returned from kiev and wrote a book on the former soviet republic called "red famine: stalin's war on ukraine." anne, let me ask you, what has the level of backlash been or reaction for zelensky, the new president of ukraine, once particularly the transcript or the readout of this phone call between him and trump became

public? >> it's important to take a step back and remember that, for the past 30 years, almost 30 years, the united states in ukraine and in the rest of the post-soviet space, has been advocating the rule of law, judicial independence, we've been arguing over and over again that ukraine should have independent prosecutors, that the legal system needs to be de-politicized in order to end corruption. and this scandal, this story, which, by the way, of course people in kiev have known about for the last couple of months, this scandal, you know, has shown that the united states practices precisely the kinds of -- the kinds of distortions of the law that precisely the kinds of politicization of justice in the legal system that ukrainians have been trying to get out of their own system for the last decade. so first of all, the scandal and the distress is shock at what's happening in the united states. you know, this looks to a lot of ukraine yanis liians like a ver

activity. the president of the country trying to use the legal system, putting pressure on another country in order to achieve a political goal. in order to get dirt or comp ra mat, as they would call it, or a fake story about one of his opponents. you know, so that's the main reaction. for zelensky himself, i think there's a lot of sympathy for him, he was in an impossible position. he was, on the one hand, being asked to do something that he knew was illegal. he knew that there was no story about joe biden. on the other hand, clearly he doesn't want to anger the president of the united states and he's kind of to walk a kind of line in between. but as the story develops, i'm sure people will, you know, will -- their views will begin to change. >> in the phone call, it's clear that zelensky is walking this fine line, as you say. he doesn't ever really agree to the demands that trump makes. he sort of obfuscates them, but he also praises trump and tells him he stayed at his hotel and things like that, and later on

denies that he felt pressure. at some level, he's in a no-win situation, right? >> oh, yeah, absolutely. it looks to me, from looking at that transcript, and this is just a guess, that he's been advised to say some of those things. you know, there are other world leaders who have had experience speaking to trump, and there's certainly the perception that what you need to do when you talk to the american president now is flatter him, talk about his hotels, you know, say that you stayed in one of them. and it's clearly an attempt to, you know, and clearly, an attempt to, you know, to try to get in with the united states president, even though as i said, of course he knows, as he repeated in the last couple of days, that there is no case to investigate, that the story about joe biden is phony, and that the additional story, which is, you know, that trump on that call also went on about something about a server being in ukraine and some ukrainian involvement in the 2016 election and all of that.

everybody knows that's not true. it's a kind of conspiracy theory that trump has picked up, we're not sure from where. and zelensky, of course, knows this, but he has to avoid saying that directly to the united states president, because he's the united states president. i mean, and this is a profoundly corrupt situation. that is weirdly familiar to ukrainians, because it's the kind of thing that they've been trying to get out of their system in other words, they've been trying to get at this, you know, use of conspiracy theory in politics, the politicization of the legal system, all of that is something that ukrainians have been trying to persuade their leaders to change for a decade. >> what does this all look like from vladimir putin's perspective? >> so, look, this is exactly the kind of story that's wonderful for vladimir putin. putin's line, if you've watched russia moedia over the last several years, you will see over and over again an implication, a story -- okay, russia might be

corrupt, but you know the country that's really corrupt? it's the united states. you might hear lines like, okay, the americans talk a lot about democracy, they talk a lot about independent judges, all of that, but really, they're a country just like us and this scandal, this story fits perfectly into this particular russian narrative. you know, the story that the u.s. is corrupt, ukraine is corrupt, everybody is corrupt. we're all cynical, so it's okay that the russian state is profoundly corrupt as well. this is an ideal line. there are some indications that some of the odder details that you heard on that call, again, the mention of some kind of server in ukraine, some kind of ukrainian who's responsible for the 2016 election, some of that may, one way or another, have come from russia. those are scandals -- i mean, those are conspiracy theories that have appeared in some of the more conspiratorial websites in the united states and some

may actually come from russia. >> anne applebaum, always a pleasure to talk to you. >> thanks. >> next on "gps," the u.s. keeps tightening the screws on iran. will it work or will it backfire? ♪ you can get a satisfaction guarantee. ♪ you can also wonder why our competitors don't offer that. schwab, a modern approach to wealth management. i felt i couldn't be at my best for my family. in only 8 weeks with mavyret, i was cured and left those doubts behind. i faced reminders of my hep c every day. but in only 8 weeks with mavyret, i was cured. even hanging with friends i worried about my hep c. but in only 8 weeks with mavyret, i was cured.

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progress uniting the world on pressuring iran. then on thursday, iranian president rouhani confirmed that iran had started enriching uranium with advanced centrifuges, breaking another stipulation of the nuclear deal it signed in 2015. so, is iran going to be pressured into compliance or will tightening the screws provoke it even further? joining me now is dena esfendiari. she is a senior at harvard's century foundation. dena, welcome. the crucial question is, is it possible to pressure the iranians into either further concessions once they get to the negotiating table or even just to get to the negotiating table, or they going to stand firm with their decision, which is, until sanctions are lifted, we don't come back to the negotiating table? >> well, from iran's perspective, it's really difficult to give into the kind of pressure that the u.s. is putting on it right now.

why is that? well, it's because it sets a precedent for the future. so if iran folds now and comes to the negotiating table after it's been squeezed, the signal that it sends to the rest of the world is, every time you want something from us, squeeze us, and then we'll give in. so from their perspective, it's absolutely untenable to do that. >> one thing i notice is that saudi arabia has actually been very quiet, even though it was the one attacked. it seems very wary of a provocation or of a war. it did not call this an act of war. mike pompeo did. the saudis have not called for retaliation, and they themselves are not retaliating even though they have a very large, substantial, modern military. >> that's right. the saudis have called for the international community to stand strong in the face of the iranian threat, but they haven't called for any kind of military action. and i think the reason for that is that the saudis much like the emirate ties and the other gulf arabs know that if war were to

break out in the region between the u.s. and the iran, that they would be the first ones in the line of fire, they would be the first ones to suffer, which is why they're calling for caution. >> could iranians lash out at the place which i worry the most about, which is iraq, which is remarkably stable right now, but iran has lots of influence there, and it could very easily upend this delicate balance. >> iraq is an area where iran could lash out. the persian gulf could continue to be an area where it's very easy for the iranians to lash out. iran has threatened the gulf arab states, for example. i think it's threatened dubai directly in case it was attacked first. so there's a range of areas where iran can use the levers at its disposals to lash out. and further destabilize the rou signed the deal were wildly popular. what is going to happen in the next election? will the next president likely

be a hard-liner? >> it's very difficult to say, because iranian elections are notoriously difficult to predict. but it's certain that the rouhani administration placed all of their bets in this one basket. the jcpoa basket, which was intended to free the iraniani n economy in order for the iranian people to get the dividends from it. as a result, they put aside some of the social and political issues they had to deal with domestically. so today, now that the jcpoa is failing and the economy isn't doing so well, they're facing a very difficult situation. the hard-liners, however, on the other side of the spectrum, have been consistently criticizing them for giving into the americans and giving into the europeans. so it's likely that the battlegrounds for the next election will be quite vicious, quite aggressive, and the hard liners do have a leg up, because ultimately, it turns out, they were right. >> dina, thank you. >> thank you. up next, who will be the next prime minister of israel? is it all up in the air? i will ask thomas friedman, when

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on wednesday, israel's

president, ruben rivlin gave current prime minister benjamin netanyahu the first chance to try to form a government. netanyahu's likud party finished israel's mid-september elections, essentially in a dead heat with the rival blue and white party. that party is headed by benny gantz, the former head of the israeli military. it's unclear that either netanyahu or gantz can gather enough support from other parties to form a government. so let's bring in "the new york times'" former jerusalem bureau chief, now foreign affairs columnist, tom friedman. tom, everyone was writing political obituaries about bibi netanyahu, is he going to be able to come back again? >> i would not take the fact that israel's president gave him the first crack at forming a government, because he technically had one more potential seat than his opponent, benny gantz, as an indication that he is going to come back. it's going to be very difficult for netanyahu to form a majority government, because his coalition, basically, is his

likud party and a collection of rinl religious parties, and far-right nationalists. and blue and white is a far-more centrist party and is allied with some to the left. the key swing-vote carrier is mr. lieberman in his party, and mr. lieberman has said, i will never sit in a government with the ultra-orthodox and the super nationalists. so bibineeds to find a few people to defect. i think it's going to be very hard. and it's likely he'll have to give back that mandate, the chance to form a government to gantz. and in between, when bibi gives up and gantz takes over, bibi faces a day in court. he'll undoubtedly be indicted on some counts of corruption and malfeasance in government. and what i think gantz is hoping for, fareed, is once bibi, if bibi is indict, that some members of his party might say,

you know what, we've got to move on without him. and because gantz will not go into a government that bibi leads. so that's where we are right now. i think the likeliest scenario, netanyahu fails to put a government together, he has his day in court, and then gantz comes along and tries to woo the likud to join with him without bibi. >> since i have you, tom, i've got to also ask you about this impeachment inquiry. do you think that this time it's different? that the mueller report came out, didn't seem to get as much traction as perhaps some people thought, this one seems to be, you know, certainly the house of representatives, moderate democrats, seems to have felt that this is different. >> fareed, i think it's different from the mueller report in one key and utterly overwhelmingly important point. mueller was a guy who sat behind a screen for two years. donald trump could delegitimize him for two years. he had no voice. and all of us didn't really know

what was going on there and involved a bunch of russians in far-off places. this is very easy to understand. it's right before your eyes. a consciousneentiousness object civil servant working in the white house saw and heard reports that the president called a foreign leader, the president of ukraine, and asked him to take out a political rival of his, joe biden, by opening an investigation into him. that's very, very clear. and it's very easy to understand. a second point i would make. you know, a friend of mine has been saying to me for a while, you know, the democrats are never going to take down donald trump. only trump can take down donald trump. he said, you know, trump reminds me of the heavyweight boxer, mike tyson. no one could beat mike tyson. only tyson could beat mike tyson and he did it one day when he bit off evander holyfield's ear. and he said to me, one day, donald trump is going to bite

off someone's ear. and i think he's done it right here. he's bitten off a lot more than he can chew. but there's one other point, there's a word that's going to become very important in this story. it's a word that democrats should hug and trump should fear. that word is "independence." for trump, what is so dangerous about this story is it involves that independent, i would say heroic, u.s. civil servants. this cia analyst at the white house, the u.s. ambassador to ukraine, all the anonymous people who are feeding this analyst at the white house who saw what the president did, trying to enlist in a mafia-like style a foreign leader to help him rub out a political rival. and these people stood up and they are going to have faces and they are going to have voices. and for the first time, donald trump is going to be up against an enemy, a challenger that won't be easy to delegitimize. independent, heroic, u.s. government civil servants. that's one thing. but for him, i would say -- but for the democrats, i would say,

to make hay on this issue, they need to stop the hearings with 30 different knuckle head congressmen asking their uninformed questions. they need to hire as they did in watergate a professional prosecutor and they need to make this story the american constitution and its values against donald trump. if they go overboard on this and make it the democratic party against donald trump not the independent constitution represented by professional lawyer, they'll be making a huge mistake. democrats need to hug independence and trump needs to fear it. >> tom friedman, always a pleasure. >> thank you, fareed. >> and we will be back. ls. it's my after-work decompression zone. so when my windshield broke... >> woman: what?! >> vo: ...i searched for someone who really knew my car. i found the experts at safelite autoglass. >> woman: hi! >> vo: with their exclusive technology, they fixed my windshield...

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show, u.n. secretary general antonio gutierrez hosted a climate action summit last week. working to bring in the private sector in the fight on climate change. it brings me to my question. which of the following goods or services has the largest carbon footprint?

commercial aviation, dairy farming, cement or waste disposal? stay tuned and we'll tell you the correct answer. my book of the week is "education of an idealist" by samantha power. this is the story of an idealist who wrote movingly about america's inaction in the face of genocide, who joined the obama administration and grapples with its actions and inactions in the face of humanitarian disasters like syria. power writes about her father's alcoholism to the debates in the national security council and she delivers one of the best written political memoirs of recent years. the answer to my gps challenge this week is c, the cement industry accounts for 7% of the world's man-made carbon dioxide emissions but that may change. many big banks and acid owners

agreed to align and making sure the planet doesn't warm more than 2.7 degrees fahrenheit this century. in fact, big investors have been leveraging their power over oil and gas companies, extracting commitments on climate action from companies like royal dutch shell. global investors have asked for commitments to reach carbon neutrality by 2050. altering the course of the climate crisis presents itself as a great test for our ingenuity from the food we eat to the liberal building blocks of modern society. we have to find ways to re-engineer the way we live. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. i will see you next week.

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happening now in the newsroom, the impeachment battle is on. >> we haven't set a timetable except we want to do this as urgently as possible. >> i don't have any problem with the call. we've seen the transcript of the call. the president of ukraine said he's not pushed. i don't think the american people think that's the appropriate course of action. >> i did it at the request of the state department. and i have all of the text messages to prove it and a thank you from them for doing a good job.

>> the president has