♪ new questions about a mysterious test at a north korean satellite site. we'll have a live report about that coming up this hour. also, new details about new details about the deadly shooting on the u.s. navy base. the details, they are horrific. also new information from u.s. lawmakers about the trump impeachment inquiry and where it may lead this week. coming to you live from atlanta at 4:00 in the morning. i'm natalie allen and this is cnn "newsroom".

thank you again for joining us. we want to begin with news out of north korea. state media say a, quote, very important test was carried out saturday at the satellite launch site. we don't know what was tested. but in or about tphoerbg north state media say it will change the country in the near future. you covered the mills program. he joins us now. will, first of all, do we know how significant this test may be? >> reporter: i think it's safe to say, natalie, this is the most significant test that we have seen so far this year.

and we have seen this is now the 14th weapons test we have seen this year. they have been shorter range tests up to this point. this was not a launch because we would have detected the launch. but the way that north korea is deliberately cryptically -- sorry. i'm putting my earpiece back in here. it leads me to believe that based on satellite imagery within the last few days that arms controls experts showed a test of a missile engine perhaps a solid fuel engine that we know they have been trying to perfect. unlike liquid fuel, where they have to roll out a rocket, put it on launch pad, fuel it up, the u.s. can have days of advanced notice, with solid fuel, they can hide it in a cave and roll it out before satellites know what is going to happen. strategically, it's a much

bigger threat. if this was successful, it could be the precursor for something far more provacative and dangerous, the launch of a long-wrong enter continental ballistic missile. >> what signal is kim jong-un trying to send? he promised the united states a christmas gift. would this be it? >> reporter: well, the north koreans set this year-end deadline for diplomacy. ever since the summit in hanoi fell apart, with president trump walking out, it has been 10 wasted months. yes, there was the photo opportunity at the demille tear eyed zone where trump and kim promised to restart talks, but that really hasn't happened. they are so far apart on this key issue of sanctions, and the timing of sanctions relief. so the north koreans are

frustrated. they're fed up. they're ready to send a much bigger message to the united states. they put this deadline at the end of the year. they have talked about sending america a christmas gift. and if this missile engine test leads to the test of the kind of missile that could hit the mainland reliably with the nuclear war head, that brings us right back to where we were at the end of 2017 before this, before kim jong-un proposed this moratorium on long range nuclear tests. if they deliberately provoke president trump, president trump already sensitive, given everything else that's going on, and the fact that this is an election year, a lot of career watchers very concerned, natalie, that this could be the beginnings of yet another dangerous period, dangerous cycle, if you will, on the korean peninsula. or if this itself is the christmas gift and president trump reengages and this all dials back, that would be freight news. it seems very unlikely and

almost impossible for any sort of deal to be reached by the end of the year deadline that the north koreans have set. so where we go now is an unknown question. but it certainly doesn't appear to be headed in a good direction. . >> sounds accurate there, will. as always, thank you, will. authorities now are hunting for a motive after friday's deadly shooting at a u.s. navy base in pensacola, florida. the fbi says the shooter was 21-year-old saudi air force lieutenant muhammad al sharoni. authorities have not found apparent ties between the killer and terrorism, but the investigation is still in its early stages. one official says concerning materials and online statements have been discovered. they're looking at that. the u.s. navy said the sailors

showed exceptional heroism, running towards danger and saving lives. josh qaa kalew watson was 23 from coffee, alabama. hoe memory medicine samer haihham was 19 from st. petersburg, florida. cameron scott walters, 21, from richmond hill, right here in georgia. we still do not know why the killer went on this rampage. but as cnn's brynn gingras reports from the scene, investigators are going to great lengths to find out. >> reporter: and this is a global investigation. there are fbi attaches in saudi arabia and also communications happening with the fbi in washington. we know the joint terrorism task force is contributing, among others. one of the big questions that's still outstanding, what was the

motivation of this gunman. that is what investigators are really trying to find out now. we are hearing there are communications going on between investigators about whether or not to call this a terrorist act. we know defense secretary esper says he is not going to say this was an act of terrorism until investigators can do their work. now, here in pensacola, we know there have been people on the ground the last two days really collecting evidence. we know the crime scene is two levels of a classroom plding. and they are collecting evidence both inside and outside, along with other members of the fbi. as far as jacksonville, they are tight lipped. what we are learning from sources, we know other saudi nationals were brought in for questioning. so that is something something where we are hoping to glean or answers, again, about the motivation of this act. and we also learned from the

"new york times", citing a source familiar with the investigation, that this gunman was viewing pass shooting videos at a dinner party the day before the actual shooting on friday. again, all of these little details coming out in this broad investigation that is moving pretty rapidly. this all happening in pensacola where this community is honestly grieving. we talked to a woman who basically said her daughters, she hugged them closer because she can't believe this happened in her community. certainly people still coming to tkpreups with what actually happened here in pensacola. brynn gingras in pensacola. >> president trump is promising to get to the bottom of the pensacola shooting. cnn's jeremy diamond has more from hollywood, florida. >> reporter: president trump is in south florida to address a

pro-israel group, to address the u.s./israel relationship. saturday, as he left the white house for this event in florida the president's mind was focused on another crucial military relationship in the middle east. that is the u.s. relationship with saudi arabia. that of course coming after a saudi national allegedly killed killed in pensacola, florida on a military base there. the president has been reiterating time and again now the condo lens from the king of saudi arabia. here's the president on saturday. >> i spoke with the king of saudi arabia. they are devastated in saudi arabia in finding out what took place, whether it's one person or a number of people. and the king will be involved in taking care of family and loved ones. he feels very strongly. he's very devastated by what happened and what took place. likewise, the crown prince. they are devastated by what took place in pensacola. and i think they are going to

help out the families very greatly. but right now they said their condolences. as you know, i have said my condolences. it's a very shocking thing. we'll find out, we'll get to the pomp it very quickly. >> the president said he would be carrying out a review of the program that allows foreign nationals to train on u.s. military bases. that is something that even the u.s. senator from florida, rick scott, has called for. but the president's mind, of course, we can assume was likely also focused on the pwraudy u.s./saudi relationship. as you can see the president trying to keep saudi arabia in a positive light, reiterating the condolences of saudi arabia. something he also tkeud on twitter on friday. that is because the united states has a large military presence in saudi arabia. the u.s. sent an additional 1,800 troops to saudi military bases and currently the united states is considering sending several thousand more troops to the middle east.

of course some of those could be going to saudi arabia. >> jeremy diamond there for us. let's talk about the situation now with an expert. i'm joined by a retired u. s. air force officer. colonel, thank you for speaking with us. good to see you. >> good to see you, too, natalie. >> i want to get your reaction to hearing about this "new york times" report. the playing of mass shootings at a dinner party there before the saudi national began his mass shooting, he had someone apparently filming it and others watching it carry out. all of this on a base where they were serving and where we lost some heroes. >> yeah. that's a really tough thing to consider, the fact that if this, as reported, is in fact, true, that he viewed videos of mass

shootings that is a difficult thing for all of us not only to understand you an indicator that should have been reported if it was noticed by others as should have been reported to authorities. that's something i think that investigators will have to take a serious look at, to what extent did this saudi air force hraupbt actually have connection with others in this regard and to what extent he actually acted on his own volition to carry out this act. >> okay. so let's look at the bigger picture here. what does this incident mean to the program that does bring hundreds of foreign military personnel to train in the united states? first of all, what is its value? i know it goes back decades. and will it be reevaluated from this one incident? >> well, i think from a security standpoint, natalie, it certainly has to bereevaluated. how do you actually vet the people that are going to be part of this program? and you're right, it goes back

to decades. i remember interacting with foreign officers at the very beginning of my air force career in the u.s. military. and in many cases i maintained friendships with a lot of foreign officers i met during those years. so it can have a large value not only on a permanent basis but also on a professional basis for individual u.s. military members. from a strategic standpoint, this kind of a program, international training program of this type, does open up a lot of these students to the american way of conducting war. it also opens them up to the american way of life. that normally is a very positive thing. of course if somebody comes here to the united states and wants to create havoc, that becomes a matter that has to be looked at very carefully.

and it also means we're exposed a great deal of danger if somebody has the intent to carry out an attack of this type. >> yeah. and you mentioned the vetting of these foreign military members. is that usually done by the countries that are sending them here, or is the united states typically involved in that? >> well, actually both. so the countries will provide a list of the students that they want to send to the united states for training. so in the case of the saudi air force lieutenant, he was on the list of people that the saudi arabians wanted to train for the f-15 fighter jet in order to make sure that that kingdom has the ability to not only use the jet in a military sense but also to have the right qualified personnel to do so. so what we have here is a way of getting these people on a list

that that country provides, that list is then verified by the state department. the state department will go to the defense department and to law enforcement agencies to make sure that people that are on this list are not on another list such as the no-fly list, which would of course prevent them from coming to the united states. they also want to make sure there are no other ties that law enforcement or law enforcement agencies take up. if the system works as it is supposed to work, these indicators are actually picked up and people are not allowed to come to the united states. in this case either the individual decided to act this way once they got here, or they had a major plan to do something like this before they arrived here. either way, it's a very bad situation. . >> absolutely. well, president trump has beefed up forces in saudi arabia and has plans to send more to the middle east, which means they could be based in saudi arabia. close military ally, but how

should this be viewed or should that decisions be reevaluated for now? . >> well, you have to look at it, i think, natalie, from the global strategic standpoint. and in this particular case, what we are trying to do is make sure that saudi arabia is protected from any possible attacks from iran. iran being the primary rival in this particular case. of course we have to remember that saudi oil facilities have recently been attacked, and the fact that those saudi oil facilities were attacked has called for the deployment of u.s. military forces to help protect that kingdom. the kingdom is not able to defend itself on its own without u.s. assistance. and that has to be part of the strategic calculus that president trump and the u.s. defense establishment have to include when they make assessments like this. >> quite the case.

much more to come as they figure out why and how this happened. colonel cedric leighton, thank you for your assessment. we appreciate it. >> absolutely. thank you. >> gearing up for another impeachment hearing monday. we'll tell you what the committee has been doing this weekend behind closed doors to prepare. >> also, protesters are back on the streets of hong kong. we take you there live just a little bit later.

the white house is refusing to take part in next week's proceedings. we get more from cnn's jeremy hurd. >> reporter: democrats on the

judiciary committee are returning for a second straight day of prep on sunday as they gear up for a key impeachment hearing on monday. we are learning new details from democratic aides who say will operate like a trial where they give opening statements and their theory of the case as they lay out the evidence for their case against president trump. they have brought in a harvard law professor to give a presentation to lawmakers. what they are trying to do is make sure they have every detail finely tuned. after the hearing is done, it will set off a frenzied week of activity. it will be voted on in the judiciary committee. it could lead to a vote before christmas to impeach the president. now, a key question democrats still have to resolve, what exactly is in the articles of impeachment and do they include allegations of obstruction of justice detailed in the mueller report?

liberal democrats want to include them into the articles against the president. moderates are weary about going beyond the narrow scope of the ukraine investigation. it's one of the key things democrats have to resolve as they push forward into this investigation. jeremy herb, cnn, capitol hill. >> mr. trump's personal lawyer was in ukraine investigating the president's political rifles. on saturday, mr. trump told reporters mr. giuliani found plenty of information while in kiev. here he is. >> he says he has a lot of good information. i have not spoken to him about that information. but rudy, as you know, has been one of the great crime fighters of the last 50 years. he has not told me what he has found. but i think he wants to go before congress to say and also to the attorney general and to the justices, i hear he's found plenty. >> all right. let's talk about developments.

joining us say professor from birmingham, england. good to see you. thanks for coming on, natasha. >> nice to see you, too. >> let's start with mr. juligi i giuliani. the fact that this entire impeachment process, part of it, most of it, we'll see about that, involves ukraine. now his personal lawyer is back in ukraine saying he's dug up some stuff. what do you make of this happening during this impeachment phase? >> right. i just can't figure out if giuliani is incredible risk acceptance or naive. giuliani and trump know trump is not going to get convicted of impeachment in the senate. they are eyeing 2020. they think that if they dig up

dirt on his political opponents, that could be a powerful narrative that will resonate with republican supporters. that's the only explanation for this. because this to me seems unbelievably brazen and crazy, that while we have these impeachment proceedings on this very topic of trying to undermine our elections by involving foreign actors, that's exactly what trump's personal lawyer is doing. >> yeah. >> i'm dumbfounded but nothing at this point surprises me. . >> it boggles. let's turn back to washington. house democrats issued a lengthy report refuting president trump's criticism of the impeachment proceedings. and the report refers to the writings of george washington, thomas jefferson and others saying foreign interference in the american political system was among the gravest dangers feared by the founders of the nation and framers of our

constitution. >> i think it is important they use the constitution to make their case that what trump has done would constitute an impeachable offense. if they do down the lines at how history will judge the democrats, if they did not impeach, the democrats would look very, very weak. as one of the academics that testified on wednesday made very clear, if this is not an impeachable offense, soliciting support from a foreign actor to undermine the election, what is an impeachable offense. this is a gross abuse of power. as democrats have mentioned, this is exactly what the founders feared the most. that's why they put in the constitution the mechanism that you can remove a president through an impeachment process. and other countries don't have these clear processes to remove presidents and don't have fair elections. and you can see what happens.

impeachment is a fair process. it's something that's rare. when there is a gross abuse of power, the democrats in this particular instance feel that trump has gone too far. . >> right. speaking of mr. trump, regardless of this report he is stick to go not cooperating, no surprise there. but he claimed this week and the democrats, here's a quote, gone absolutely insane. that they have no case and this process is demeaning the country he said in an email to supporters, it's us against him. is the president wise to continue to debunk and to not cooperate as the democrats build up this case and show historical context? . >> well, that seems to be working for his supporters. and what we are seeing in this particular impeachment case, in contrast to nixon, if we were to look at a similar time period,

nixon had less republican support than trump does. and trump seems to have total control over the republican party. if we were to even compare it with the clinton years of the impeachment, you also see that there are more democrats that supported the impeachment inquiry and that would probably vote in favor of impeachment compared to republicans. i don't think any republicans are going to switch sides. i think he knows he has control over the party, and he feels that his best strategy is to completely delegitimize the whole process. the facts aren't on his side. the facts look terrible for him. the july 25 phone call looks terrible. and why this military aid is mysteriously missing and not delivered to the ukrainians. the facts don't look good. what always is the defense is to

pound your fist and say the whole process is unfair. and that's what he's doing. >> that was echoed by richard nixon as well back in the day. natasha, thank you for joining us. >> thanks for having me. . >> sure. protesters are once again filling the streets of hong kong. we're used to this sea of people. when we return, a live report. we'll find out why police are allowing this rally this time. >> also, the u.s. and iran carry out a prisoner swap despite tensions between these two countries. see who was involved and what is saying about it.

in the united states and all around the world. you're watching cnn "newsroom" live from atlanta. i'm natalie allen. here are our top stories. north korean state media are reporting a successful and, quote, very important test at the country's sohae satellite launching ground on saturday. it's not clear what was tested. earlier this month, north korea warned it would send the u.s. a christmas gift. the fbi has identified the gunman in friday's shooting at pensacola naval station as lieutenant mohammed alshamrani. he was shot dead by law enforcement after he killed three people.

a senior u.s. official says there were concerning statements and online material that they're looking at. u.s. house democrats are preparing for monday's impeachment in the impeachment inquiry of president trump. on saturday, the judiciary committee released a report laying out historical articles for impeachment. the white house has refused to take part in next week's proceedings. in hong kong, huge number of pro-democracy activists are once again staging a massive march in the city. unlike many of the recent protests, police have actually signed off on this one. it comes just weeks after pro-china candidates suffered devastating losses in local elections. let's go to hong kong live. our ivan watson is there watching what's unfolding. talk about what's happening there and why police are allowing this one, ivan. natalie, these anti-government protests have

been going on some six months. there's been unprecedented violence in the former british colony. if you thought that was zapping support for the protest movement, i think the demonstration that we have seen in the streets in this part of the city says no. there's still a large number of people that are very unhappy with the policies of the unelected leadership of city, and by extension, the central government in beijing. we have seen people in gridlock here in the heart of the commercial shopping district for hours now. starting to move just a little bit at this point. this is despite 10,000 realoundf tear gas, thousands of arrests

and increasingly violent confrontation between some more radical protesters and law enforcement. what we have seen is when demonstrators are allowed back into the streets, they come out in force to show their displeasure with the authorities. i have spoken with some of the protesters and very few believe there will be a change in policy as a result of this mass display of defiance. and we have to recall at the end of last month there was a referendum of sorts and a district council election in which pro-beijing candidates got absolutely clobbered. despite that, we're not really seeing signs of compromise six months into this crisis coming on the side of the city's authorities.

natalie, back to you. >> right. and, ivan, so after the outcome of the vote, which again was very much against the pro-china candidates, if i recall, carrie l lam, has she made any pronouncements? >> reporter: no. she recognized that a reported number of voters came out to participate in that election and there were a certain message being sent. but we have not heard a dramatic turnaround or recognition that there must be some kind of political solution to the stalemate. tourism and retail sectors have been absolutely battered. seeing falls of business, some 25%, 30%. confidence in the city for law

and order as well. but some of the demonstrators i've talked to said, look, we have to be out here to show we are not afraid of the authorities. but there is a contradiction there. unlike the last officially authorized protest organized by this main opposition group, the human rights front in august, which i saw in these streets under pouring rain, though you have people of all ages, many more people have their faces covered by masks. that illustrates the distrust that people have for their own government. it is revealed in polls. one that came out this week that support for the police, for example, had plummeted almost in half since last may from the 60s to 35%. >> ivan watson, i know you will

continue to follow any developments there. appreciate it. live in hong kong. another story here, we are following a horrific fire in india now being treated as a homicide after police say the death toll rose to 43 people. flames swept a five-story factory in new delhi a few hours ago. fire officials say they had to break through a locked iron door to reach those inside. they say the building's owner had no fire license. they are blaming a short circuit for the fire. affixation caused the deaths. u.s. president trump has taken the unusual step of thanking iran. the country released an american graduate student while the u.s. released an iranian scientist in a prisoner exchange.

cnn's kylie at wood looks at who was involved and where washington hopes this will lead. >> reporter: an american detained in iran for more than three years has been released. he is currently in germany undergoing a series of medical evaluations. according to a source familiar with the conditions that he was kept in while he was jailed in iran said that it was abhorrent and that the prison guards would often taunt him. saying things like, if you think you are going to leave, you're not going to leave. and other folks in the jail often threatened him. but the news today, according to a senior administration official is that he is in good health and very, very good spirits. today the u.s. also released an iranian who the u.s. had detained in 2018. this is an iranian professor. so this was a prisoner exchange. and president trump tweeting just today that this

demonstrates that the u.s. and iran can make a deal, viewing this as a springboard to potentially make the u.s./iranian relations going better forward. there are still americans detained in iran. a senior official said they hope that the release of wong creates positive momentum for the release of other americans. kylie at wood, cnn, washington. heavy winds are whipping up the fire scorching australia. next the unusual events from the air, a firenado. derrick will have the latest.

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right here we have extraordinary aerial pictures to show you what is called a firenado. and this one is in queensland, australia. the country racked by fires right now. our meteorologist derek van dam is here to tell us how this

firenado happens. >> it is so rarely captured. they only last a couple of minutes. so we don't report on them too often. to see it with so much clarity is incredible. let's break it down for you. why do this strange phenomenon take place. i want you to take vote of the video behind me. you are seeing converging winds. there is a lot of heat. they can go 2,000 degrees in that chimney of fire, quite literally. what is taking place is the same physics behind a figure skater. when they bring in their arms, they rotate quick and quicker and quicker. when they release their arms,

they slow down. that's why we are getting converging winds. it is allowing for the updraft to occur. it rotates into the column right into the air. the direct ramification of the fires, not only are they incredible visuals but what is happening down wind from the burning bushfires, the degraded air quality in sydney and other cities along the coastline. fresh videos from cnn to our reuters affiliate. the towering plumes of smoke causing the skies to turn orange and dark in the distance. you can see some of the bushfires ongoing across the region. this is just incredible video. many are volunteer firefighters. again, incredible to see what is

taking place across eastern australia. you can see the smoke from face. of course that is changing the air quality in sydney. we have been covering that story for several days now. a recent photo from the sydney opera house. it is set to get worse before it gets better because a cold front is coming. it will pick up the winds and allow temperatures to spike as well. >> i'll never watch figure skating the same again. >> angular momentum. >> derrick, thank you. all right. well, as a trade war lingers between the u.s. and china, farmers in the u.s. are feeling the fallout. next, how will that impact their vote in the upcoming

presidential election? we'll talk with them. ask about xeljanz xr, a once-daily pill for adults with moderate to severe rheumatoid arthritis or active psoriatic arthritis for whom methotrexate did not work well enough. it can reduce pain, swelling, and significantly improve physical function. xeljanz can lower your ability to fight infections like tb; don't start xeljanz if you have an infection. taking a higher than recommended dose of xeljanz for ra can increase risk of death. serious, sometimes fatal infections, cancers including lymphoma, and blood clots have happened. as have tears in the stomach or intestines, serious allergic reactions, and changes in lab results. tell your doctor if you've been somewhere fungal infections are common, or if you've had tb, hepatitis b or c, or are prone to infections. don't let another morning go by without asking your doctor about xeljanz xr. ♪

welcome back. endorsements can play a pivotal role in the u.s. presidential election. while democratic candidates are battling it out in i iowa ahead

of the caucuses, they are also vying for the coveted endorsement of one of the largest labor unions in the united states. here's jessica dean on that. >> reporter: a handful of 2020 democratic candidates gathered here in cedar rapids on saturday. they're talking to the teamsters, one of the largest unions in the country. they are hoping to get their endorsement in this 2020 race. what are they talking about? a lot of union-specific issues, pensions, right the rigto work. health care. they affect a lot of people here. they want to hear what democratic candidates have to say about this. we don't know yet when an endorsement would come. it could come after the convention later in the summer of 2020. 2016, the teamsters ended up endorsing hillary clinton over donald trump. that didn't come until later in that cycle in august of 2016. but what we do know for sure is

that we are well within 100 days here in iowa and all the iowans are looking at all these candidates, taking a second, third, fifth, sixth. look at all these candidates trying to figure out who they will support when the caucuses happen in february. jessica dean, cnn. well, we still do not know where u.s./china trade negotiations are headed. one group hit hard by the impasse, u.s. farmers. they are suffering as tariffs took their toll on the big chinese market. one is whether it might affect their vote. vanessa reports from pennsylvania. >> reporter: he has been farming all his life. he grew up on this dairy farm in pennsylvania. is it profitable? >> barely profitable.

>> reporter: made more so, he says, by the trade war. what are your thoughts on the trade war? good idea, bad idea? >> i think it was a bad idea. >> reporter: he is a republican but doesn't support the president's tactics with china. >> reporter: how big a hit has it been for you? >> it cost farmers here $2 a bushel. >> reporter: is that also? >> yes. that's the profit. >> reporter: pennsylvania will be a key state in the 2020 election. it helped elect president trump in 2016, who campaigned here on promises made to farmers like boyd. >> he is back-stabbing the main people who got him into the office in the midwest. all those midwest states helped to vote him in. and also pennsylvania. and he just left us down. >> reporter: will you vote for him in 2020? >> unless they come up with a better alternative, i will vote for him again.

>> reporter: it could start rebuying of usa g products. it's a life line for farmers like jesse. >> they were supposed to open back up. and i have seen prices go down. i have not seen prices go up. >> reporter: a democrat voted for obama and flipped to trump. just like north hampton countieer in pennsylvania. >> right now i would not vote for him. i don't know who i'm going to vote for. i don't see a good candidate. >> reporter: on either side? >> on either side, in my opinion. >> reporter: the fields are harvested, but soy beans sit unsold. >> first time i have had beans in here in my life. there's the corn. that's your paycheck right there. every morning he checks crop

prices, hoping to find a buyer for his beans. >> how long are you willing to be patient and wait out this trade war? >> other than saying i'm not going to vote for trump, that would be one way to retaliate personally. but i don't see that happening at this point. >> reporter: cnn, mount bethel, pennsylvania. thanks for watching cnn "newsroom". i'm natalie allen. another hour denies after the bre -- denies after the break. we leave you with a live look at hong kong where activists are protesting in the city. yes, they march on. more ahead here on cnn "newsroom".

we have a developing situation in north korea. they say they have conducted a test at a launch site and that it was a success. we'll go live to our reporter to talk about that. also, it's sunday morning in washington where house democrats are working overtime to gear up for another hearing. the very latest from capitol hill for you also this hour. and we'll show you a phenomenon rarely caught on camera. a firenado spinning in australia.