early results from a big drug company's trials show promise. eight candidates, eight immune responses. we're going to have more on that in a moment. breakthrough or is it really too soon? we'll discuss that. also, the nation will soon eclipse another pair of tragic milestones. we're approaching 1.5 million confirmed cases and 90,000 american deaths. this as the president said he wants sports to come back with big crowds and no masks. last hour, new york's governor said that is not going to happen. at least not now. >> i also have been encouraging major sports teams to plan reopenings without fans, but the games could be televised. new york state will help those major sport franchises to do just that. hockey, basketball, baseball, football, whoever, can reopen. we're a ready, willing and able partner. >> as more and more businesses

reopen, the national picture getting complicated. in some places, cases are down. they're flat, even after reopening. other states though are seeing a surge. cnn's nick watt digging into this picture state by state for us. nick, tell us what you're seeing. >> reporter: well, the big news is we have just heard from those counties up in northern california that were the first to tell us to stay home, 63 days ago, they are now saying retail curbside pick-up can open again. i think that by the middle of this week, every single state in the country will have at least taken the first steps back to normality. >> positive case rates are moving in the right direction, and hospitalizations are down. >> reporter: so today, massachusetts became the 50th and final state to lay out its plan to reopen. construction and manufacturing are back. >> on may 25th, retail

establishments may also offer curbside service and some personal services such as barbershops and hair salons may reopen. >> reporter: roughly a third of states, the new case count is now going down, holding steady in another third and the final third, it's actually going up. texas, two weeks after reopening began, saw some busy bars and the biggest number of new cases in a single day on saturday. yes, there is more testing now, but -- >> the opening of restaurants and movie theatres and retail and our malls up to 25% occupancy a couple of weeks ago, so i think that's probably the main reason. >> reporter: still, gyms opened up at reduced capacity in texas today and the governor announced phase two. restaurants also reopening today in miami as florida's most populous and hardest hit counties start their process. beaches were open with restrictions on both coasts this

past weekend. >> it was amazing, yeah, we've been pretty cooped up like everybody. >> those folks really far enough apart? in south carolina, some stores opened exactly a month ago and in person classes will resume at the university of south carolina in the fall, but they'll revert to remote learning after thanksgiving because our best current modelling predicts a spikes of cases in covid-19 at the beginning of december. the w.h.o. says it will start asap a review of the global reaction to this coronavirus saying, we must learn to prevent a repeat. >> we have been humbled by this very small microbe. >> reporter: our economic recovery will not be quick. today, the lines started rolling again at michigan's three major automakers, but -- >> it may take a period of time. it could stretch through the end of next year. we really don't know.

>> reporter: if you're looking for reassurance, one new study said by the end of april, if we had not done all of this, rather than having about one million cases in this country, we would have had 35 million cases. it is just one study, it is just a study. we are still learning, but crumbs if you need them. brianna? >> crumb ifs you nes if you nee. we need them, nick. nick watt in los angeles. we look at this potential breakthrou breakthrough. we're definitely using the word potential. me der ma produced antibodies against virus in a vaccine trial. dr. hotez, you said you aren't sure these results are something that we can hang our hopes on, tell us what your concerns are here.

>> well, it's not so much concerns. it's just that there was no real data presented. this was a press release that talked about eight participants, two groups, each receiving two doses of the vaccine either 25 micrograms or 100 micrograms in its interim report. the most useful part of the press release and i guess their press announcement was that it seems to not cause any immediate reaction in human volunteers, except for one individual, i think, 100 microgram dose that had a lot of redness and soreness, what they call a grade three event. arathema, meaning redness and systemic symptoms in the 250 microgram dose. overall, the vaccine seemed to be well tolerated and that's pretty much all i can really gather from what they've written. what they've said is that they looked at each of the 25 micrograms and 100 micrograms,

eight in total and they did seem to produce what's neutralizing antibodies. this is a type of antibody that seems to block the virus and so far, in terms of development of coronavirus vaccines, that seems to be one of the most important indicators because in laboratory and animal models, we've shown and other groups have shown if you don't get high neutralizing antibodies, you won't get protection or neutralize the virus or protected against coronavirus infections. this is saying, they are seeing neutralizing antibodies in the volunteers, which is good, but it's a little confusing about how much. >> tell us what that means, exactly. what's a neutralizing antibody? >> a neutralizing antibody is an antibody that blocks the ability of the virus to replicate in the test tube. so we have assays that can interfere, that show interference with the virus and classically, with many virus

infections, the way you recover is you develop an antibody. it has that ability to block the virus and we have assays and measurements for that in the laboratory. what happened was, they reported that the two groups did seem to make some of those antibodies but it's a little unclear how much. they said the the equivalent of what's present in patients who get the actual infection, but it follows on the heels of a study published on rockefeller university last week that shows that those patients who recover from the infection actually have very low amounts of neutralizing antibodies. so when i first read the press release, i thought, this is a negative result. this doesn't look good. but then i heard very positive statements coming out of press and their own announcement that followed. >> because it sounds like what you're saying is that you can't necessarily make the cognitive

leap. there's neutralizing antibodies but enough to make someone immune from coronavirus. >> that's right. because they didn't present the data. they didn't show, they didn't measure or report the results, what's the amount. we know experimental animal studies that we need a certain amount in order to achieve protection. if they reach that or didn't, that was a little bit confusing. they said it's the equivalent amount found in convalescent patients who get infected and then develop antibodies, but the study out of rockefeller the week before showed that those levels of antibody are actually twiel qui quite low. does that mean they didn't get a lot of neutralizing antibody? that's why it's frustrating to read the tea leaves in a press release. we always encourage scientists to put out the data, either in a public form, in a journal or a server such as bioarchive which is what everybody does and for some reason, they don't feel

compelled to do that. so maybe it's good news. i'd really like to see the data before i comment on it any further. >> so short of giving someone in a trial setting the vaccine and then in some way, whether it's that they're in a place that has a lot of coronavirus occurrence, where they're actually exbposed to coronavirus as part of the study, can you be sure it's a eureka moment? >> the real test, of course, as you point out, move into phase two and phase three trials, to show that in real life settings, where individuals who received the vaccine are protected against the virus compared to controlled individuals who have not received the vaccine and that's going to be ultimately the gold standard. but in the meantime, if you can link high levels of neutralizing

antibody showing there's protection like we can in laboratory animals, that would be an important finding. we're not quite there in people yet and we don't know what levels of neutralizing antibody are actually achieved in these individuals. so hopefully, that data will get published in the coming weeks. so when you say, you asked the first question, is this a breakthrough? it's a breakthrough in the sense of at least the vaccine doesn't seem to cause serious adverse reaction in most patients, so that's good but in terms of the level of antibody and whether that's sufficient, protecting against individuals getting covid-19, we're not there yet. >> so something that aside from the science which is really the important part here is you and others search for a vaccine, the battle that we're seeing play out between the cdc and the white house, certainly not helpful here. it's been spilling out into the open. i want to listen to comments from white house trade adviser

and supply chains, pete navarro, talking about the agency and then listen to the response from health and human services secretary alex azar. >> the cdc, which really had the most trusted brand around the world, in this space, really let the country down. >> well, the comments regarding cdc are inaccurate and inappropriate. the cdc had one error which was in scaling up the manufacturing of the test that they had developed. there was a contamination that didn't affect the accuracy of the test, just led to inconclusive results. they fixed that within weeks and got it out. >> do you have any concerns as you watch just the chaos spill out in the public here? >> yeah, absolutely. i mean, fighting between the agencies or fighting between the agencies and the white house, i don't see how that can be productive in any way, and in fact, it should probably scare a lot of americans to see that

kind of going back and forth between the cdc and white house, or the white house and any agency. you know, this is a time when everyone has to work together to solve what's one of the biggest crises facing our nation in a long time, certainly the worst one of the 21st century. so to point fingers now at the cdc and could easily point oing fi -- fingers at the white house over a number of things, this is not the time to do this. once we get through this and we will get through covid-19, there will be opportunities to do an analysis on what we could have done better at the level of the agencies, at the level of the white house and that's actually true of every epidemic, after every epidemic, there are missteps, that was true. zika, that was true. ebola, that was true. h1n1, that was true. of the first sars, going to be certainly true of this one but now's not the time to do that and to deflect by blaming

agencies, i don't see how anybody could think that's going to go well. >> dr. hotez, thank you so much. we really appreciate you breaking down all of the technical science for us and also weighing in an on what's not really helping with the science. thank you. gyms in texas reopening despite the single biggest day jump in cases. i'm going to speak live with two gym owners there. plus, a man has been stuck on a cruise ship for eight weeks during this pandemic as he tests keep going from positive to negative. he'll join me. how did the virus start? dozens of countries demand an investigation and china is now responding. this is cnn's special live coverage. when you shop with wayfair, you spend less

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businesses allowed to reopen in texas today, but operations will look drastically different. gyms and fitness centers will have to reduce capacity to 25%. those working out will have to wear gloves and numerous sanitizing stations will be in place. businesses may also request that masks or face coverings be worn, but the reopening comes after texas on saturday actually reported it highest one day spike since the pandemic began with more than 1800 new cases in a day. with me now, gym owners gavin reuben and james watson. they own movement gym in dallas. i want to thank you both for joining us. and james, today was really, like the soft opening. tell us how it's going so far, and, you know, were people waiting to get in? what was it like? >> thank you very havifor havin number one. at 5:00 a.m., we opened up and

had people through the doors. obviously under very different circumstances than ever before. we're just happy to provide a service but be extremely health conscious and safe along the way. >> how do you keep people safe during this time? what practices? i see your gloves. i see you have masks. i'm prudent personing you use when you're not on television. what other practices are you doing? >> we're a house of health, from our employees to our members to our members' families, we want to make sure everyone feels safe as possible. from working from the top down with the cdc, monitoring closely what their guidelines are, the state of texas, the city of dallas and talked to our own on-staff medical doctors and professionals at what protocol should be and we're maintaining very, very strict guidelines here at the gym. from the moment you walk in with the facility, we are doing temperature tests. everyone is instructed to

sanitize hands, both before and after, even though this is a soft launch for us, and the fire marshal said we've got 12,000 square feet here, we can safely have 400 people here. 25% of our capacity. in no way, shape or form are we going to have 400 people here. that doesn't feel safe, so extra precautions. >> do you space out treadmills? are you having additional resources for people to wipe down? are you limiting the number of people who are in there? are there exercise classes that maybe aren't normally going on? >> that's a great question. actually, most of our classes here are designed as group classes, so we have people register before coming into the facility, capping every class at 25 people. so we can maintain very safe social distancing. we can lay out equipment that's been sanitized before any class, and when we're done using the equipment, our members, our guests are instructed to leave

those piece of equipment on the floor so our staff can sanitize properly that equipment that's been used. >> and so, i wonder, as you look, i hear you taking precautions. i wonder, james, do you, what happens if people start getting sick? there's a study in south korea that found more than 100 infections linked to a rather prolonged indoor fitness class. so how do you confront the reality if you start seeing people getting sick? >> i mean, brianna, i think for us, i'm not aware of this study that you just mentioned. i can't speak on something i'm not aware of, but for us, taking the proper precautions and protocol from the cdc, the state and local governments, most importantly, like gavin mentioned, in some of our studio areas, we have 5,000 square feet, where we cap the class size to 25 people, about 200

square foot in diameter around any particular individual. no close contact. obviously, there could be asymptomatic people that we're unaware of. so we're just trying to take every precaution and safety measure to make everybody feel safe when they walk in this facility. and then take the gienuidance o our doctors on staff for what we do do, if we see something rise up from any contact. >> well, look, james and gavin, thanks so much for coming on. look, you talked to people. this is one of the things they miss. they miss working out. they feel they can't be at their strongest to even confront something like covid if they haven't been at their best physically, and a lot of people are just going stir crazy as well. we know this is a tricky situation that we're in and we really appreciate you coming on and talkingto to auus about it. some of the employees on the cruise ships are still stranded at sea from the beginning of the

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coronavirus continued to spread and now 62 days later, taylor is still forced to live on board a cruise ship docked at a port in italy. cnn reached out to the msc cruise line. we have not yet heard back from them. taylor initially tested positive for the virus, and has since been tested 8 times and here's the issue, really. it's been a mixture of different positive and negative results. taylor needs to test negative twice in a row before he can come home, and so far, he has not. taylor rhimes and his mom ann rhimes joining me to talk about this. it's nice to see both of you. taylor, i'm so sorry you have to go through this. tell us how you're holding up. this is a long time for you to be there by yourself. >> it is. probably, if i had to say what is hardest part, not really the isolation. even though i'm a very social person, i can live with being isolated. it's the emotional roller coaster of it.

when, you know, i first get that negative result, i'm really up and then that positive result afterwards brings me crashing back down. some days, i'm fine. like today, i'm fine. i'm not great, but i'm good, and then some days are just devastating. >> so you're really talking about just kind of like emotionally, how you're doing, right? the ups and downs. physically, you feel fine. >> yeah. >> one of your friends tested positive? >> yeah, actually, it's funny. my health has never been an issue. when you ask me that, i immediately think mentally because i have been asymptomatic throughout the entire process. i've been one of the lucky ones. some of my friends had mild to severe symptoms, but i've luckily managed to stay very healthy throughout the entire process. the only strain i've had is mentally. >> so ann, what are your concerns here? obviously, that must be your

primary worry. >> our primary worry is definitely the mental aspect of it. being able to see him and know that physically, he's fine, we're good but it's the mental, the ups and downs. we get a call because he's 6 hours ahead, we could get a call at 4:00 in the morning and he's having a bad day and you can't reach out and really do much other than give him a shoulder, an outlet, but it's the mental part that really is a struggle for us, seeing what he's going through. >> so at this point, taylor, you take in eight tests and you've had different results. i know you're awaiting some test results, but what are the medical professionals there telling you about the going back and forth and having the positive and then the negative and not having two negative tests in a row? >> one of the most concerning aspects of it is the fact i'm not really getting a straight answer. i understand this is a new virus, you know, there's a big

learning curve. especially because being asymptomatic, i'm not top priority. i understand that. i'm okay with that. however, when it comes to the positive/negative, positive/negative, all i can do is sit here and wonder. is it a fault of the test? am i somehow reinfecting myself by being in this small enclosed space for so long? is there something wrong with me? like am i some medical anomaly causing me to hold on to the infection even longer than studies are showing i should have gotten over it? >> have any u.s. government officials, have you been in touch with anyone, are you on the radar? >> i've been in constant contact with my embassy here in italy, and the woman who's been my point of contact has been amazing, incredibly nice, very supportive. she has fought tooth and nail as much as she is able to,

obviously, she has limitations on what she can do because i'm not on american soil, but i also know that my family back home have reached out to local politicians as well just to see if they can get any kind of movement. anything that the american government may be able to do just to maybe get me tested more frequently, maybe, well, actually, no, that's about all that can be done. get me tested more frequently. >> taylor, we're glad that you feel you have good outreach there with american officials. we're going to keep monitoring your situation there. we are hoping and praying for another negative test for you to come back, and in the meantime, hang in there. we really appreciate you and ann, we really appreciate you talking to us. thank you so much. >> thank you. >> thank you so much. >> have a wonderful day. >> you too, both. uber says it's cutting another 3,000 jobs and closing dozens of offices. the fed chief warns the economy

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two months after the pandemic began wreaking havoc on the economy, employment levels not seen since the depression, the chair of the federal reserve saying it will not lead to a second great depression but the economic recovery could extend to the end of 2021. >> this economy will recover. it may take a while. it may take a period of time. it could stretch through the end of next year. we really don't know. can there be a recovery without a reasonably effective vaccine? assu . >> assuming there's not a second wave of the coronavirus, i think you'll see the economy recover steadily through the second half of this year. for the economy to fully

recover, people will have to be fully confident and that may have to await the arrival of a vaccine. >> my next guest knows the economic ramifications of all of this all too well. the devastating impact of this. owner of an advertising company in utah. i just want to thank you so much for joining us. this is a really difficult situation for you because you and your wife spent ten years building up this small successful business, only to see it largely destroyed over the course of two months. just tell me what the last eight weeks have been like for you guys. >> thank you so much, brianna, for having me on. they've been difficult. they have. it's not just the economic ramifications, of which have been significant. we haven't lost the company completely, thankfully. we've still got the company. just lost half our clients so far and it's difficult that you work so hard and sacrifice so

much over such an extended period of time to see it just kind of disappear is hard, and of course, i understand that it's against the backdrop of far more devastating circumstances for many more people and i appreciate that, but it is -- it has taken its toll on my family. it's hit me at least economically even though the virus itself hasn't. >> let's talk about the timeline for you. you say you lost half of your clients. if you're looking at this pandemic and it's going to continue, it's continuing to make advertising maybe not something that's in the budget for a lot of businesses, one of your clients put it to you that it's a luxury, how long can you go kind of at sort of half capacity here before you might have to shutter your business? >> we're not sure. we're trying very hard to find other clients that are interested and taking advantage of the number of people that are

currently on social media, but they're all facing the same thing and i have a really hard time employing sales t s tactic when i get their circumstance and honestly don't even have the desire to persuade them to do something that may not, i mean, they have more difficult considerations, and so i don't know how long we can last, but i know that a lot of them are even in worse situations. so we're just hanging in there. we're taking it a day at a time, limiting our expenses as much as possible while trying to keep work on the table for our freelancers, but it's taken its toll. >> when you hear the fed chair, the fed chief warning this could be going on through the end of 2021, that that's where the economic recovery could be going, how do you respond to that? >> i just read last night in forbes that more than 50% of business owners think they can't make it, a small business owner,

sorry, they can't make it more than another three months and 99% of all businesses in america that employ half of our workforce are small businesses, so it's terrifying. not just for myself, but to think about our economy, and what's at stake. it's difficult. >> what's it been like for you as a family? >> it's taken a toll financially. we're okay. we're hanging in there financially. we were lucky in that we planned ahead for some kind of a thing for at least a few months. so far, the last few months, we've been okay. and thankfully, we have less overhead than some of the companies behind the scenes as advertisers, but one of the things difficult is the stress levels have gone way up. i remember at the beginning of this, listening to the joel rogan experience and he was talking to the infectious disease expert michael osterholm and said, what can we do to

prepare when this comes to america because it wasn't really here yet and the doctor said, we need to get our immune systems up, our weight down, get good night's sleep and i told my wife, it's ironic because one thing i'm not getting through all this is very much sleep at all. it's just, the stress levels have really impacted me personally and our family. it's been challenging. >> well, daryl, thank you so much for coming on. you speak for a lot of people when you talk about your personal situation, and we'll be thinking of you and we'll be wishing the best for you as we go through this very tough time. thank you. >> thank you very much. the trump administration once again pointing the finger at china for the pandemic. we'll hear the scathing remarks in an address to the world health organization and plus, dozens of babies born to surrogates are stranded in ukraine as their foreign parents cannot get in the country to get them. you'll hear from one american couple fighting to bring their newborn home. it only takes a second

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the trump administration once again blaming china for the coronavirus pandemic. alex azar, the secretary of health and human services also blasted the world health organization in a speech today to the group's global assembly. >> in an apparent attempt to conceal this outbreak, at least one member state made a mockery of their transparency obligations with tremendous cost for the entire world. we saw that w.h.o. failed at its core mission of information sharing and transparency when member states do not act in good faith. this cannot ever happen again. the status quo is intolerable. w.h.o. must change and it must become far more transparent and far more accountable. >> this cops as dozens of countries are urging the world health organization to start an investigation of the origin of the pandemic, and that is where we begin our check-in with cnn's international correspondents. >> reporter: i'm ivan watson in hong kong.

the world health assembly holding an annual meeting on video conference, of course, because of the coronavirus. now, more than 100 member countries signed a resolution calling for an impartial independent and comprehensive evaluation into how this pandemic really spread across the world. china has opposed calls for an investigation in part because the disease was first discovered in a chinese city back in december. the head of the world health organization has agreed to an inquiry, in his opening remarks, leaders of germany, france, china and other countries spoke at the video conference. the u.s. president was absent. >> reporter: i'm ben wedeman in rome where italy is further easing its nationwide lockdown. as of today, bars and restaurants, shops and hairdressers can reopen, with strict limits on the number of people allowed inside. churches can hold public masses again. pope francis held his first today in almost two months.

but the prime minister here warns it all is something of a calculated risk, which carries with it the danger of a second wave of deadly . >> reporter: i'm in seoul. a study out of south korea shows that more than 100 infections were linked to one in tense workshop. now these are not new cases. they were classes held back in february. the cases were identified by march 9th and sports facilities have been closed but researchers say it showed just how quickly the virus could spread within annan inclosed space when there is exercise. >> reporter: in sao paulo, the mayor has warned that the health system is on the verge of collapse. he said 90% of intensive care beds are occupied but less than half of the population is sheltering at home.

meanwhile, bolsonaro joined another anti-lockdown rally and did push-ups with men in red berets. >> reporter: i'm in neyairobi, kenya. we're over 900 cases. at the moment the country is on high alert. there is a dusk to dawn curfew. everybody is on tender hooks, including the medics that cnn spoke to just a couple of days ago. they're worried about more ventilators, their personal protection equipment and of course now the virus has moved from people who travel a lot to the community, to people who have never been on a plane, never been outside of kenya and we are very much at the beginning of the covid in this east african nation. and we're following a story

where dozens of babes born to surrogate mothers are stranded. matthew kans caught up with an american family who overcame the restrictions to be with their new daughter. >> so this is my daughter. she's a little tired at the moment. >> reporter: amid this lockdown, a family united. one american dad getting into ukraine just to hold his newborn daughter. she is a very lucky girl indeed. >> i'm a lucky father. >> reporter: when you saw her for the first time, what was going through your mind? what were your feelings? >> at the same time i was elated to see her and i was also -- my heart was broken that i was ott only one there by myself and my wife wasn't able to be in the delivery room. and it was both. it was really mixed. >> reporter: mixed but relieved because dozens just like amber rain born amid the pandemic to

surrogate mothers remain stranded. marooned in a screaming lockdown. cnn gave access to one facility in kiev where tight coronavirus restrictions in more than 50 babies here can't be collected by legal parents, mostly docked down themselves in europe and the united states. some parents have waited 15 years for this dream to come true. the owner tells cnn, one couple are both 55 years old and another tried 36 times for a baby, he says. they can't wait any longer. ukraine officials are trying to speed up access to foreign parents but the pandemic means the country's borders are sealed, special permits is a bureaucratic nightmare. for amber rain's mom, watching this remotely with her two other kids in california, even the

thought of being unable to reach a child in another country is agonizing. >> what must their parents be going through now, parents you can't get to their children? >> i can't even imagine honestly. i can't imagine not being able to be there. for me it was mind numbing to know that somebody we don't know would be taking care of our daughter. so luckily we were able to find a way. but other people, because they're countries aren't allowing them to travel into another country, are not being allowed in. so we found a way and we were lucky but others aren't so lucky and i'm sure they're devastated. >> reporter: at the moment ukrainian officials say around a hundred babies born to surrogates are stuck in clinics like this one around the country. but pregnancies are in progress and numbers could soon rise to a

thousand if borders stay closed. the longer the lockdown, the more amber rains with nowhere to go. while there is growing criticism in ukraine because of the stranded babies, of commercial surrogacy in the country, the human rights ombudsman called it a massive and systemic problem and could be curbed in the future but at moment the focus is trying to get the babies already born united with their legal parents. matthew chance, cnn, london. and we're back to our breaking news, the market is up on hopeful early results from a vaccine trial. plus new models on the trends of this virus are just moments away. so you only pay for what you need! [squawks] only pay for what you need. ♪ liberty. liberty. liberty. liberty. ♪

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hello, i'm kate baldwin, thank you for joining us this hour. this is early data but it appears to be giving some hope today. the biotech firm moderna is reporting early data from a vaccine trial showing patients developed antibody from the coronavirus. it is early and a small study but the company said that it will soon move to the new phase in the trial involving something like 600 people. this is still far from