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tv   Fareed Zakaria GPS  CNN  January 24, 2021 10:00am-11:00am PST

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join us, the defenders, in our mission. cybereason. end cyber attacks. from endpoints to everywhere. this is gps, the global public. welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria coming to you live from new york. today on the show, president biden promises a restoration of democracy and of america's engagement with the rest of the globe. >> we can make america once again a leading force for good. in the world. >> biden is swiftly moving away from the policies of the last four years.
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what is the reaction from american allies and competitors? we'll hear from the united kingdom, china, germany and mexico. >> we will repair our alliances and engage with the world once again. >> also, one year since covid-19 was first diagnosed in america, there have been 25 million cases here since then and more than 400,000 deaths. sanjay gupta joins me to talk about the vaccines, the new variants and the prospect of herd immunity. but first here's my take. president joe biden has many competing priorities as he begins his first term, dealing with the pandemic, restarting the economy, reestablishing american credibility on the world stage and competing effectively with china. but it turns out that there is one thing he can do that will address all these problems at
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once, vaccinate all americans as quickly as possible. biden's current goal of vaccinating a million people a day is far too modest. he should double that, doing whatever it takes to achieve herd immunity for the u.s. by late april or early may. this will instantly boost america's standing and give the president leverage with everyone from the republicans, to the europeans to the chinese. right now the rollout of the vaccine is flailing. donald trump's secretary of health and human services alex azar predicted that 20 million americans will be vaccinated by the end of 2020. in fact, that number barely reached three million. the situation has improved since then, but there is still chaos and confusion. the trump's administration of mishandling of the vac soon
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rollout follows a string of other public fact failures, as well as the supply of medical equipment. while the administration did an admirable job funding vaccine development through operation warp speed, it quickly fell back into its familiar hands-off mode once the private sector pulled off that feat. the state's whose weak infrastructure make them ill equipped to carry out a mass vaccination campaign have been forced to improvise with predictable consequences. while the trump administration has plenty of blame on its hands, this is a much larger failure. as i write in my book "ten lessons for a post pandemic world," the u.s. government has become good at just one thing, writing checks. its major endeavors centered around bailouts and relief payments. the size of the covid relief package in 2020, including the
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money from operation warp speed, was impressive. but other than dispensing cash, the federal government seems unable to administer anything. 40 years of reaganism, defunding dismantling and demeaning government have taken their toll. now, the capacity of the state to undertake large and complex projects cannot be rebuilt overnight, but some things can be changed right away. the biden team is clearly well-qualified. perhaps as important, they believe in government and understand that getting it to work is a special challenge in the united states. you see, power in america is divided among three branches of government, dozens of federal agencies and thousands of local authorities. corralling all these forces to work together requires persistent efforts every day. if you view government as a reality television show consisting mostly of symbolic gestures and signals to your base, turns out little gets done. the federal government has already paid for hundreds of
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millions of doses of vaccine. it has the funds available to vaccinate. it should take on the task of ensuring americans are vaccinated and fast. the president should use every tool available from the armed forces to fema as well as partnerships with private companies like starbucks and federal express. drugstore chains, by one account, have the capacity to administer more than three million vaccines a day. this should be the equivalent of a wartime effort. those who have worked on mass rapid vaccination programs in developing countries argue for a truly aggressive approach. we should set up thousands of vaccination sites, many of them running 24/7 and create mobile units to reach people. far from population centers. the government should spare no expense in accelerating the roll-out. the effort will easily pay for itself by saving lives, driving economic output and of course
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raising tax revenues along the way. america's handling of the pandemic in general has been a disaster and is widely seen as such. in a pew survey across 13 major countries, 84% of respondents agreed that the united states had bungled covid-19, and every country believed they had done far better than the u.s. >> the irish columnist fin ton o'toole described the strange new attitude of the world toward the u.s., not admiration, hatred or envy, but for the first time, pity. in an essay in foreign affairs, the incoming head of u.s. foreign aid programs reminds us the world has admired the u.s. most for its spectacular achievements. the u.s. was the arsenal of democracy during world war ii, executed the berlin airlift, put a man on the moon and created the internet. if the biden administration can succeed spectacularly at the most pressing challenge currently facing the world, that will say loud and clear to everyone america is back.
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go to cnn.com/fareed for a link to my "washington post" column this week, and let's get started. joe biden has been president for fewer than 100 hours, but he's already been busy undoing some of donald trump's actions on the world stage, signing executive orders to stay in the world health organization, rejoin the paris climate agreement, reverse the so-called muslim ban. we know americans are bitterly divided on trump's policies versus biden's, but what are the sentiments in other parts of the world. i have a great panel. president and ceo of the international rescue committee, wolfgang was germany's ambassador to the u.s. and the uk. he's the author of an important
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new book, "borld in danger: germany and europe in an uncertain time." the former foreign minister of mexico is the author of "america through foreign eyes." and a professor of economics of the london school of economics. david, let me start with you and ask you. i think the question on everyone's mind is so biden is approaching the world and particularly the old allies with open arms. will they reciprocate? are people ready to welcome america back? or is there a wariness and a sense that they don't know what they're getting into? >> i think america remains an agenda setter, not just for allies but for competitors as well. the critical thing, though, is i think america's allies are looking to the united states to build back different, not just build back better.
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different means and more nuanced approach to its international relationships, stronger emphasis on partnership and a recognition that america's task today must be renew a home to help democracies around the world defend from what i call the age of impunity that has been creeping over the last decade. and also to make sure that through unity, as we all leverage in the engagement with countries like china with whom there needs to be cooperation but also competition. i think the fact that covid and climate have been so highlighted by president biden, two critical areas where there is that room both for the unity and the cooperation as well as steely resolve. >> wolfgang, i saw you had a quote -- i think it was in new york times -- where you said joe biden knows europe. he knows these alliances. he has a wonderful personality. he will be welcomed warmly in
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europe, which may be true. but what is striking when you look beyond the rhetoric, in your country, germany, has been pushing for europe to have a certain kind of strategic independence from the united states over the last four years. you look at the signs of the deal between the european union and china, which was spearheaded by angela merkel and by germany. you look at the north stream two project, which is an attempt to create an energy dependence on russia. all this suggests that while european actions may welcome biden -- european words may welcome biden, european actions are a whole other thing. >> i would disagree with that, fareed. i think europe is perfectly prepared to embrace joe biden, to work with the new administration. we have been lacking the three
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most important elements of effective international cooperation for the last several years. that's truth, trust and transparency. and my impression is, and i'm certainly not the only one here on the european side of the atlantic, that joe biden personally and so many of these senior advisers and future cabinet members that he has nominated are perfectly qualified to rebuild trust, truth and transparency. that is essential. and, you know, as far as europe's capabilities and our discussions about, quote, unquote, autonomy efforts, i think the european political leadership is perfectly aware that what we lack is our capability to be a more
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respectable and a more respected partner for the united states in dealing with the kinds of international challenges that we've had for many years and the ones that are now coming up over the horizon, including china. and i want to insist, fareed, that with respect to china, most european leaders are fully aware that if we cannot find a way to agree a transatlantic approach on how best to deal with china, we would be making a huge mistake. >> so let's hear from china. i realize this is a little difficult to ask you to speak for 1.4 billion people, but what i want to ask you is what is the mood in china now? it does seem to me from the reading and what i have been able to sense, there is a sense of confidence. china has probably handled
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covid-19 from an economic point of view better than almost anybody else. i mean, the disease is almost gone. the economy is back. it's been the fastest growing large economy in the world. is there a confidence? is there a sense of, you know, the chinese model has worked and the american model has not? >> it's not a time to discuss the superiority or advantages of various systems. the pandemic -- fight against pandemic is not over. there are new cases still in china. china has still, however, have a grip on the economy and is on a solid way to recovery. but the new biden administration presents as a huge opportunity, which china takes seriously, to improve u.s.-china relations, to reduce the misgivings and to really focus on areas of collaboration more than
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competition, for instance, on the fight for the pandemic on climate change. and china recognizes that the biden team is technical, professional, rational, can hold an adult's dialogue. there is a lot of room for china through negotiations and dialogue to give a bit more to the u.s. in terms of trade and investment and even structural changes through on the institutional rules. and china will be looking forward to more collaboration and to repair the relationship and hope to have a constructive dialogue with -- a constructive relationship with the u.s. >> so from your point of view, the chinese are really welcoming the change in administration. >> china held -- holds no illusion that the pressure on china will still be around, that the tech race is still on and that the trials of strength will
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still continue. however, the tactics will change. there will be more room to talk about, you know, a constructive, having constructive relations. but this pressure will be around and there will be, you know, working with the biden administration to find some common ground. stay with us all of you. i will be back with the panel in a moment. we will talk about one of the few world leaders who seem sad that donald trump exited the stage and very worried about what joe biden and kamala harris will do. who is that? my answer when we come back. (dad vo) life doesn't give you many second chances. but a subaru can. (dad) you guys ok? (avo 1) eyesight with pre-collision braking. standard on the subaru ascent. the three-row subaru ascent. love. it's what makes a subaru, a subaru.
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with david miliband, jorge castaneda and keyu jin. jorge, explain to us the strange puzzle of the leader of mexico and donald trump. trump comes in denigrating, demeaning, disparaging mexico in 100 different ways, and this left wing populist in mexico found he has a good relationship with trump and is worried about the incoming biden administration. why? >> fareed, i think two reasons. first of all, the president really identified with donald trump. he said so many times or wrote so. both of them outsiders. both of them anti-establishment leaders. both of them rocking the boat trying to change the system,
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drain the swamp, if you like. i don't know exactly how to translate that into spanish. but in any case, president lopez had a sense of affinity, identity, identification with donald trump. and secondly, lopez was able to make a pact with donald trump whereby mexico would do the united states' dirty work with it, essentially paying for the wall with mexican troops on our southern border and on our northern border in mexico, keeping the central americans out. and in exchange, president trump would basically let lopez do whatever he wanted on macro economic policy, on handling the pandemic, on the rule of law, on drugs and security, on practically everything, even the
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usmca or new trade treaty between mexico, united states and canada was not really very important to trump. he never even tried to exist with mexico to comply with its new provisions on labor, on the environment, et cetera. so for these two reasons, they got along. they identified one with the other and basically, lopez got a free pass from the president of the united states. that's no minor event in mexico, especially what you are doing is not necessarily what's best for mexico and what's best for the united states. >> so this is a very important point. the united states has been the key, one key force helping mexico to modernize over the next 25 years, to reform its economy, to improve its rule of law, to tackle the drug issue. and what you are saying is that donald trump has essentially said, we're no longer pressing on any of those things and lopez has taken advantage of that, right? and in many ways mexico is
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backsliding. >> well, i think it's backsliding in very many ways as you say, fareed, on the economy contracted 9% last year, more than twice the u.s. percentage, more than twice the brazilian percentage, for example. we are up to 1,500 deaths daily and counting. the economy will not grow back more than 3% or 4% this year. but basically lopez is driving the country into the ground. but he doesn't have the united states saying, hey, hold up, wait a second. this is not just your business. it's yours. but it's also yours. but it is very important to recall that the united states has bailed mexico out many times since the '70s. 1976, '82, '88, '94, '95, the
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famous tequila crisis. this time if trump had been re-elected, they might have bailed mexico out, also. but he didn't see to care a lot. we'll have to see if biden does engage and really begins to take a different attitude. >> david miliband, let me ask you. when you listen to the story of a populist, when you look at trump, this is something you have had to deal with in europe, is populism waning? is trump's defeat a kind of watershed moment for the decline of populism? >> president trump was obviously a symptom of the weakness of western liberal democracy, as well as a cause of further weakening. we have seen this decayed in which there has been democratic recession in more than 100 countries in which democratic norms have been undermined.
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and the theme of the trump presidency was his impunity, refusing to disclose his tax details and ending up on an assault on the democratic system itself. it is clearly far too early to prescribe a death right on trumpism. the defeat of president trump doesn't mean the end of trumpism. that's why i think there is a chance to turn the page. the most important word president biden has used is possibly. there are possibilities now opened up by an administration that is determined to bring public service, bring a commitment to serve the public interest and a commitment to truth that others have mentioned. but this fight against populism clearly needs to work on an economic level as well as a political level and those stakes could not be higher, both for the direct economic mitigation measures that are needed, but also to the vaccine's approach
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that you highlighted in your introduction. president biden needs to be able to show he can do work on the domestic front and the foreign policy front at the same time. there is no holiday from history yet. he has to get a move on in both fronts. >> stay with us. when we come back, i will ask keyu jin about a very interesting prediction she makes about the rise of a particular kind of nationalism in china, technonationalism when we come back.
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and we are back again the guests. let me ask you about a piece you wrote which i find fascinating where you pointed out the trump administration's tough attitude toward china, particularly on technology, trying to stop other companies from buying chinese technology, particularly in the 5g space, has produced a kind of almost bottom's up renaissance in china. explain what you see there. >> it is a commitment to
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reaching technological supremacy unseen says the days of chairman mao when china committed to developing nuclear power. it's the mobilization of totally national resources from bottom up and top down, not tallying the cost until it -- the goals are achieved. and we know that china is supremely efficient as mobilizing resources as we have seen in the pandemic, combined with market economy, is going to splash a lot of cash and mobilize a lot of resources to not only achieve technological self-independence because trump has pushed china toward that direction, but also to reach higher goals, which is to set standards and control servers and ips and things like that. china used to have a very cozy relationship and comfortable on globalization. now it has been alerted that it has to do it on its own.
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>> does that mean you see the decoupling of technology so we will end up living in two worlds, a chinese technology world with chinese companies like huawei and a non-chinese broadly speaking western zone? >> no one is ruling out that possibility, even with a new biden administration. although, china believes that a biden administration will try to take the american side away from creating a new cold war and talks about decoupling. but still china and the u.s. is prepared for that decoupling. and it is important for china to build an independent critical supply chain. china still heavily relies in terms of high-tech components on u.s. and other countries, and it is gearing up as fast as is possible to be completely independent.
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>> wolfgang, let me ask you to close this discussion by just reflecting on, you know, the central question, which is, it seems to me, can this open international world order that was created by the united states in partnership with its european allies and to a certain extent japan and south korea after the fall of communism in the 1990s, can it survive as you have america not quite as powerful as it was, a rising china and a europe, as you point out, that is not really a purposeful strategic actor on the world stage. is this, you know -- are they going to run this experiment? can this world survive these very different forces that are all tugging at it?
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>> it can, and quite frankly, it must. there are key areas in our international standing where we on the european side need to understand very clearly that if we allow the atlantic to become wider, if we allow nato, for example, to disappear or to question the validity of the nato alliance as happened during the trump administration, we would seriously damage our own security because the fact remains, fareed, europe, mostly small nations with the exception in the eu today of france, 27 nations without nuclear weapons, we need nato. we need the united states. and the second point on, you know, technology, on the issues you were just discussing, china. if we don't get our act together
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across the atlantic on, you know, on digital trade, on digital issues on cybersecurity, on artificial intelligence, we could, you know -- together we represent 40% or more of the global capabilities. we could actually remain the norm setting entity in the world and not voluntarily give that up to this one big, emerging new power by the name of china. so i think it is a matter of necessity, of strategic intelligence to make sure the north atlantic community, not only in the military area, survives and prepares itself for the 21st century, which will be about technology, about artificial intelligence and
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about data. and we can do it. we must. >> thank you all for an absolutely fascinating conversation. next up, all i have to say is two words: sanjay gupta. got powerful relief igh'e from your worst nighttime cold and flu symptoms. so grab nightshift to fight your symptoms, get your zzz's... and get back to your rhythm. feel the power. beat the symptoms fast.
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you might want to clean that up, girl. excuse us. when owning a small business gets real, progressive helps protect what you built with customizable coverage. -and i'm gonna -- -eh, eh, eh. -donny, no. -oh. another grim covid-19 milestone. 25 million americans are now confirmed to have had the disease. that's 1 in 13 people in the country. as the world is about to hit 100 million confirmed cases, that means the united states with 4% of the world's population has 25% of the world's cases of covid. joining me now is sanjay gupta, who has written a new book called "keep sharp: build a better brain at any age." we'll get to that in a moment, but i want to welcome him. it's always a pleasure and always a way to have proving to the world that we are not, in fact, the same person.
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>> right, thank you. yes, that's an important point. let me ask you about this vaccination question because i do feel as though people are accusing me of being too tough on biden. but we are already at one million vaccinations a day. and if you do the math, we will get to herd immunity sometime in the middle of 2022 if we keep at this pace, and that is biden's goal, one million a day. there has to be a way for us to get to what the drugstores are talking about, which is three million a day or two million a day. what do you see as the most important path forward here? >> yeah. no, fareed. i have heard your comments and i completely agree with them. it is not just the number of vaccinations that will be important but the speed at which these vaccinations are happening. i have talked to people in the national pharmacy retail world, looked at these community
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vaccination centers being proposed by fema. and the pharmacies alone can probably get to this number of 100 million vaccines a month potentially. they're going to need more resources. they will need more people who are actually the vaccinators. people pushing the syringes into people's arms. that was a rate-limiting step early on. there is hurdles that need to be overcome. but you got to get to this herd immunity which is 75% of people being vaccinated. but the longer you wait, the more the virus spreads, the more mutations accumulate. that's the problem because some of these mutations can lead to these variants which may become increasingly resistant to the vaccines. so you have a race. you have got to do this quickly. i know they don't like to hear it but as much as the last administration tended to overpromise and underdeliver, i do worry we are underpromising with the hope of overdelivering,
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but regardless we have to move fast. >> i have to ask you about your book because this really is a terrific book. i am not a person to buy self-help books, but i have read this book cover to cover. what i want to ask you about is -- this is basically a book on how to keep your brain healthy and active so you don't have deterioration when you are growing old. who does not want to accomplish this goal? we have a limited amount of time. so go through quickly through for me. it turns out there are no super foods and i can't take pills to make this happen, correct? >> that's right. to get the good stuff out of food, you have to eat food. it is hard to put it in pill form. >> what kind of foods? >> when we talk about brain food specifically, i think that, you know, there is a couple of foods that really come to the top of the list. as much as an apple a day keeps a doctor away, berries will be the food for the brain.
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this is based on lots of scientific evidence, how chemicals can cross the blood-brain barrier and what they do when they get to the brain. what i learned -- and i learned a lot. i had a lot of fun writing this book over a couple years. there is certain things you shouldn't eat. we know sugar, for example, we eat way too much sugar. we used to get sugar just a couple of times a year when fruit fell from the trees. i mean even honey was protected by the bees, but we now eat about 130 pounds a year of sugar. the problem with sugar specifically with the brain is that the insulin system, the way that the brain actually absorbs glucose from the blood is very, very sensitive. it can be overwhelmed quickly. if you are eating too much sugar, you could be taking a lot of energy to the body and starving the brain at the same time. this is a critical point, i think, when we think about long-term brain health. this may have been a particularly toxic substance in terms of causing long-term problems like dementia. >> you say that rather than
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trying to do a crossword puzzle to improve your brain, talk to a friend. explain what you mean. >> yeah. and this one is -- i've gotten so much discussion about this particular topic. here is the way to think about it. crossword puzzles are great. there is lots of things we do on a daily basis that are great. that is the practice makes perfect adage that is true when it comes to our brains. but if you think about our brains, our brains are functioning like we're living our covid life, most of our time at home, go to the grocery store, a few places. we know how to do those things really well. that's the practice makes perfect. crosswords will make you be able to get to these places very easily. but if you want to start to expand the number of roads in your brain, the number of cities, the number of places you visit in your brain, you have to do different things. doing something differently
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or different, period, can make a huge difference in terms of building you have overall reserve in your brain. a crossword puzzle is fine, but if you want to do something that could help build reserve, taking a brisk walk with a close friend, talking about your problems, that can make a huge difference. eating with your nondominant hand can actually start to recruit new parts of your brain that you otherwise wouldn't use. you have to think about this conceptually differently. practice makes perfect has been the adage, but change builds resilience. change builds reserve. it is a new way of thinking about how we improve the brain. >> my last one, there is lots more in the book. but i want to get to one because it is a reminder that no pain, no gain. probably the single best thing you can do for your brain is exercise your body. >> this is probably the most evidence-proven thing when it comes to brain health. it surprises people because you think of intellectual activities to improve your brain health.
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i understand that. but we know now over the last couple of decades you can grow new brain cells at any age. the best way to inspire that happen is through movement. the human body wasn't designed to either sit or lie for 23 hours a day and then get up and go to the gym for an hour. it is consistent movement. and the evidence actually shows that a moderate activity like a brisk walk is perhaps even better than intense activity because with intense activity, you are also releasing a lot of stress hormones that may be counterproductive. brisk walking, as one neuroscientist said to me, can release miracle grow for your brain, which i thought was really interesting. you want these neurotrophic factors in your brain. can't take it as a pill or a shot. simply moving is your best way to get there. >> sanjay gupta, as you can tell, this is such a terrific
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fascinating book. please go out and buy it. thank you. next on gps, more on how to get great swaths of the american public vaccinated. i'm not stopping with this. we have more lessons from around the world on how to do it. till you find the perfect slice... even if everyone asks you... another burger truck? don't listen to them! that means cooking day and night until you get... [ ding ] you got paid! that means adding people to the payroll. hi mom. that means... best burger ever. intuit quickbooks helps small businesses be more successful with payments, payroll, banking and live bookkeeping. if you have risk factors like heart disease, diabetes and raised triglycerides,... ...vascepa can give you something to celebrate. ♪ vascepa, when added to your statin,... ...is clinically proven to provide 25% lower risk from heart attack and stroke.
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and now for the last look. the biden administration unveiled a host of new covid-19 policies this week, providing a road map for combatting the pandemic. as i told you in my take earlier, nothing short of an aggressive centralized effort will get vaccines into arms as quickly as they are needed. now, it's true that in raw numbers, the u.s. has administered the greatest number of vaccines so far, but it has only administered five shots for every 100 people in the large, diverse and spread-out population in america. that's by thursday, according to
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cdc data. that percentage pales in comparison to some smaller countries, all of them with existing universal and publicly funded health care systems. topping that ranking is israel, whereby friday 38 doses had been injected for 100 people, 38%, according to government data. yes, that country of 98 people is tiny compared to america, but it's the same as new york city who only managed to give 6 doses on friday. there is also a question whether israel has the duty to vaccinate the 46 million palestinians on the west bank of gaza. it has not done so. citing different paperwork, they cite to the other as responsible. there are 23 doses per 100 people as of friday in the uae.
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they are small and has a universal health care system, but while we're relying on that health care system to pinpoint the groups and prioritize them, as israel did, the vaccine is available to all residents on a walk-in basis at more than 100 sites. the uae hopes it will be able to keep supplies up and avoid any kind of lockdowns, according to the wall street general. and because the united arab emirates is universal, they can keep a record of those who have received it. last week india began one of the world's most ambitious vaccination efforts with the aim of reaching 3 million of the group of the country's most exposed by august. while india is lacking, they
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already have the vaccine infrastructure in place. known as the world's pharmacy, india manufactures 60% of all the world's vaccines. although it lacks the kind of centralized system working in favor of those two middle eastern countries, it does have a national vaccination program in place that reaches 55 million people a year. to build on this, india conducted dry runs at more than 5,000 vaccination sites across the country in the weeks leading up to the rollout. in its first week, india did not meet its stated goals of getting shots into arms, and though it is picking up speed, this puts it in good company with so many other nations failing to get off the ground quickly enough. now, if the lessons from israel and the uae are any indication, the planning and national coordination that has been promised by the biden administration on vaccinations will bring about a welcome change and soon. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. i will see you next week.
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hello, everyone, thank you so much for joining me this sunday. i'm fredricka whitfield. we begin this hour for the stage set for the second impeachment trial of donald trump. the house tomorrow will ceremoniously walk over the articles of impeachment to the senate. the trial is set to start the week of february 8. this as we learn a new stunning report about trump's desperate efforts to invalidate president joe biden's election victory. the "wall street journal" reporting today that trump pressured the justice department to f