regeneration and renewal. but one thing that won't change here is that at the home of a kampari, the door is always open, and you are always welcome to join the feast. xxxxx . previously on "lincoln: divided we stand". >> lincoln doesn't start off as an ardent abolitionist. over time he changes. >> the war becomes a war to abolish slavery. >> the war ends on april 9th, 1865. >> grant offers a very generous set of peace terms. the soldiers will be pardoned. >> lincoln had no stomach for

retribution. >> lincoln wants to win the peace, as well as win the war. ♪ >> right after, lincoln appears at the window of the white house and accepts the applause of well wishers. >> crowds are gathered around the white house. there are bands playing. there is jubilation everywhere. and lincoln says, let's hear dixie. >> someone in the audience says, that's a confederate song. he says, no, we won it fair and square. tad even waves the flag that he brought back from the front. >> the war was over, but what was the political fall-out of that? >> congress approved the 13th

amendment. black people are not leaving the country. and, so, what is their fate going to be as americans ? >> on april 9th, 1865 robert e. lee surrender effectively brings the civil war to an end. in the four years of brutal violence, nearly 800,000 americans lost their lives. despite the relief and celebration victory brings, the country has said a hefty price, which weighs heavily on the president. >> lincoln clearly internalized what the loss of life in the

civil war meant for every family, every household. you see it in his face. >> lincoln at the time he was like the president. he's 51. he looks like a young man. four years later, he looks like your great grandmother. >> lincoln knew in a way that was unique among the great war making leaders the consequences of the war he made. >> but now president lincoln must reunite a shattered country and integrate four million freed african-americans into a racially divided society. >> the war is done. people are waiting for a great triumphant speech from abraham lincoln. but two days after, he does something a little bit more complex. he gives a speech that turns into a conversation about the

ch challenge of reconstruction. he said we need to have a non-ideological approach to reconstruction. he goes further on one element than he's ever gone before. he says he believes that black people should be allowed to vote, at least those that have served in the armed forces and those who are very intelligent. by which we meant -- we assume he meant literate. >> from a guy who was not an abolitionist, was not really purely anti-slhfanti-slavery in doing much about it and he ends up saying maybe blacks could vote, that is extraordinary. >> there was one person in the audience who did recognize how revolutionary that notion that was, and that was a charismatic young actor named john willings

booth. booth says, that means n-word citizenship. and then booth vowed to kill him on the spot or soon thereafter. >> booth is a hugely successful leading man, very popular among women. he's also a marylander, a southern state, so he has this hatred for blacks and this sense of white supremacy. although the confederacy has been defeated, he's still committed to southern victory. >> booth is now what we would call a racist terrorist. he had heard lincoln promise to enfranchise black veterans, and that is something he can't let happen. >> but he had no plan until april 14th, 1865. it had actually been published in the newspapers earlier that

day that the president and mrs. lincoln were expected at ford's theater. >> it triggers a multi-pronged plot to kill lincoln and his top cabinet members all on the same night. >> booth believed that if he could eliminate the chief figures in the administration that somehow the south might still prevail. >> booth and his co-conspirators gather in a dark tavern to choreograph three simultaneous murders. the plan is for booth to kill lincoln at ford's theater. george to shoot the vice president and johnson. and for louis powell and david harold to murder the secretary of state. >> booth is operating out of a kind of misguided, slightly psychotic urge towards

self-dramatization on behalf of the south toward tyranny. >> booth was given grandiosity. he thinks when i leave the theater, i'll be the most famous man in america. who takes care of yourself. so why wait to screen for colon cancer? because when caught in early stages, it's more treatable. i'm cologuard. i'm noninvasive and detect altered dna in your stool to find 92% of colon cancers even in early stages. tell me more. it's for people 45 plus at average risk for colon cancer, not high risk. false positive and negative results may occur. ask your prescriber or an online prescriber if cologuard is right for you. i'll do it. good plan. it all starts with an invitation... ...to experience lexus. the invitation to lexus sales event.

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after years embroiled in civil war and tragedy, abraham lincoln is finally able to begin to repair the wounds that the president has inflicted on his marriage. >> late in the day on good friday, 1865, lincoln takes a carriage ride with mary. and they start to think about

plans for after his second term is over. >> it had been too sad during recent years to think about the future. and now they could talk about their plans. he said that he wanted to travel. >> this man who suffered so could in that moment find some joy and find some happiness. >> that'vening, the lincolns head to ford theater to enjoy a comedy with friends. >> as lincoln gets to the box, there is a murmur because people see him. >> all 1,600 people rose to their feet and started applauding the president. >> the orchestra conductor tells him, play hail to the chief.

and abraham lincoln removes his hat, looks down at the audience and bows to them. >> lincoln had been pretty closely guarded for the entire war. but when the war ended, the vigilance eased. and everyone let their collective guard down. >> mary was sitting there with lincoln. they were whispering in one another's ear. they were like a young couple. and she said to him, people can see. what will they think of us? and he said, they will think nothing of it. and then a man entered the box. >> lincoln simply slumps in his chair. his head falls forward. >> mary, when she saw the blood,

began screaming. >> the major gets up and wrestles with booth. booth yells freedom and cuts him deep with a knife. then booth leapt off on to the stage. >> he lands unevenly. at that moment, booth cries out, it is i, john wilkes booth, who slain the tyrant. and then he yells, the south is avenged. he runs off the stage. he goes to the rand viewpoint. >> louis powell attacked william seward, but he survived. george who was supposed to kill andrew johnson could not common the courage to do so and left the scene. but john wilkes booth did the deed. >> as booth frantically rides to meet his co-conspirators at a

safe house, ford's theater descends in pandemonium. >> they carry him out around the same balcony he's just entered in triumph and down the narrow stairs. >> now the president is dying in the middle of a street. >> and someone from a boarding house porch across the street yells, bring him in here. >> so they went to the boarding house. then they sent the word out to members of the cabinet, to the doctors. >> and the vigil begins. lincoln's breathing becomes more irregular. his gasps become louder and more rattling. >> and mary collapsed on the

floor in hysteria. >> anguished cries and shrieks. she screams one too many times at least for edward san ton the secretary of war. and stanton said, take that woman out of here and don't let her back in. >> in the 19th century there was no more sacred place than a wife than to be by the side of her dying husband. this was a sacred responsibility. and i think she was owed more than being robbed of that experience. >> throughout the night, lincoln's condition worsens. but as the country anxiously awaits news of the president, the man hunt for john wilkes booth begins. "what if i could retire sooner?" and so she'll get some advice from fidelity, and fidelity will help her explore

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as the late hours of april 14th, 21865 trickle into mornin, president abraham lincoln's condition worsens. >> and the heartbeat just grows fainter and fainter until 7:22

in the morning when he stops breathing and they pronounce him dead. only then is mary brought in. and collapses again at his bedside. >> lincoln is killed on good friday and comes to be seen as a person who is made a martyr for a broader cause. >> they started printing these pictures of lincoln in washington up in the clouds looking down on the country, making this ultimate sacrifice. >> black people in washington were gathering outside the white house gates feeling the loss particularly keenly. he was seen as a protector. >> even the con federal military leadership was appalled by the

way booth snuck up behind a man and shot him in the back of the head. that's not a courageous act. it's not an honorable thing that a soldier would do. so 20 confederate generals signed a paper that said they condemned the assassination. people were astonished that not all southerners applauded booth for what he did. the country was incensed that booth vanished. it was and remains the greatest man hunt in american history. >> john wilkes booth rides out of washington, d.c. and into southern maryland where he acquires firearms and meets up with co-conspirator david harold. >> but booth injured his leg. he's tired and he's in pain. lucky booth knows a process

session nate racist slave owning doctor samuel mud. the next day mr. mud learns that lincoln was shot and who shot him. dr. mud tells booth, what have you done? what have you gotten me involved in? you've got to go. and they leave. but when the union soldiers ask where did the strangers go? dr. mud points in the opposite direction that john wilkes booth went. >> union troops canvas maryland. with each passing day, the country grows hungrier for booth's capture. >> the nation was transfixed on a man hunt.

stanton offered a $100,000 reward. strangers were arrested on trains because they had black hair and a black pterygoid tach. booth and harold were desperate. there were union troops everywhere. they decide the best strategy is to hide while the troops pass through maryland. so for the next several days, booth and david harold camp out in the remote pine thicket. >> a former confederate spy brings the fugitives food and newspapers. booth is shocked to learned that the country has dubbed lincoln a martyr and him a cold-blooded killer. >> booth really thought he would be a hero. >> ten days after the assassination, booth and harold cross into virginia believing they will be safe. >> they go to the farm.

they don't tell the family who they are or what they have done. the family agrees to take them in. but then a union patrol rides by and david harold and booth hide. that arouses suspicion. then they say, you can't sleep in our house tonight. you have to sleep in our tobacco barn. the garretts lock them in. they're trapped. >> the garretts point a cavalry to the suspicious strangers sleeping in their barn. it quickly becomes clear that they found their assassins. >> this begins a two-hour exchange because they want him alive. >> eventually david harold cracks and turns himself in. >> booth still won't come out. and, so, the soldiers set the barn on fire.

>> john wilkes booth decides that he's not going to be taken alive. he's seen what happens to a man who is hanged. he's not going to suffer those humiliations. so as he starts to level his gun as though he's leveling it to shoot, the sergeant shoots one shot. it strikes a vertebrae. booth is then dragged to the front porch. booth looks at his hands and says useless, useless. tell mother i die for my country. >> with booth dead, americans are left to face the cold reality of their grief and the daunting task of rebuilding a broken country. this cnn original series

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on april 21st, 1865, a procession carries the body of abraham lincoln through the streets of washington, d.c. >> lincoln was the first american president to be assassinated. and, so, if now we sort of think of attempts on president's lives as a horrible but present part

of american history, at that time it absolutely was not and it was a tragedy. >> 100,000 people lined pennsylvania avenue to watch lincoln's coffin drawn through the streets of washington. it was decided that lincoln would be buried in springfield, illinois. and, so, a great railroad procession would bring abraham lincoln home, along with his son, willy. >> lincoln's funeral train traces the journey he took just four years earlier. making the same stops at many of the same cities along the way. >> a million people view the

corpse of abraham lincoln. major funerals were conducted in each city because every soldier, every brother, every father who was lost in that war was coming home with him on that train. >> mary went into a very permanent state of mourning. she always wore black. to have her husband shot in front of her, it was really an experience she did not recover from. >> after lincoln's assas assassination, mary secludes herself and her 12-year-old son tad in the white house for more than a month. when she is finally forced to leave, she faces the reality of life as a widow and the harsh

consequences of the debt she accumulated as first lady. >> you had to feel a lot of sympathy for all the grief she suffered over the years. but mary was in a real financial crisis. when she was in the white house, credit was limitless. but now they wanted to be paid. so in that financial jam, she decided to sell a lot of her clothes. >> there was a merchant in new york who promised to sell it secretly, quietly. but it broke in the newspapers, and the old clothes scandal was all over. >> they looked through her clothes. there were a lot of insulting comments about how some of the clothes were still stained with her own sweat. a lot of comments about how low cut they were. and she sold almost nothing. again she was the figure of mockery. >> to escape the relentless public abuse, in 1868, mary

takes her 16-year-old son and moves to germany. >> she took him to europe to be educated. he was viewed as the leftover lincoln, and she wanted him to shine. >> mary and tad returned and tad, sadly, was stricken ill. >> here was tad, her third son dying in front of her. >> and it was mary's fourth death watch as a wife and a mother. mary herself said it was the saddest of all of them. after tad's death, her doctor prescribed the most widely prescribed sedative, and she became addicted to it. she called it her powders.

>> the drug causes confusion and hallucinations, worsening mary's already fragile mental state. >> she suspected people of spying on her. she thought people were trying to poison her. and, so, she was put on trial for insanity. she entered the courtroom, and there, to her amazement, is her son robert. she was very insulted, very upset, understandably. he decided that for her own protection she needed to be committed. >> her only living son betrayed her. >> on may 19th, 1875, mary lincoln is declared insane by a jury of robert's friends and colleagues. she is taken against her will to an exclusive sanitarium outside of chicago. >> the minute she got put in there, she started plotting. >> so from her little room, she

organized a pr campaign that would be the envy of the most brilliant pr campaign of our times. >> mary convinces newspapers to publish letters attesting to her mental soundness, leading the public to demand justice for the scorned widow. after only four months, she is retried and released from the institution into the care of her sister. mary spends her final years out of the spotlight before passing away in 1882 at the age of 63. >> mrs. lincoln was such an important confidant for her husband. and the tragedies of her life were enormous. it really bothered me that, according to the lincolnistas, mary was vain and unstable.

i think she was an interesting and complicated woman and sadly buying excessive amount of things could not outweigh the sorrow she always carried because she was always in fear of being abandoned. >> but of all the tragedies the lincoln family suffered, the great itest was the fact that t legacy starts and ends with abraham. robert lincoln went on to become the modern day equivalent of what you might call a hedge fund guy. he hung out with very powerful, rich men of the day. >> in the end, his descendants became known for decadents and entitlement and led to the destruction of the lineage of lincoln. >> there is no lineage, so lincoln is lost to us. he came down, showed up, did what he had to do and was gone. i have always found that to be almost super natural.

>> but lincoln's premature departure left the nation struggling to find a path forward. the years after his death are fraught with turmoil that america is still working to overcome. i had saved up some money and then found the home of my dreams.

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have access to the pathways of freedom that the emancipation proclamation outlined. so thousands of enslaved people remained living in bondage. >> when lincoln issued the emancipation proclamation, a number of people took their slaves to texas as a way of emanc emancipation. >> it's a sign to the former confederates that you will not be able to get around the law. the signal that this is going to be enforced. >> southerners do not adapt well to their new reality. the war has left their land, their economy and their way of life in ruins. and without lincoln's leadership or clear path to reconstruction, chaos ensues. >> after the war, the south

faced a big problem of economic redevelopment. confederate currency is worthless. all the banks in the south were bankrupt. not to mention the fact you have to figure out a system of labor to replace slavery. >> the south is flooded with disgruntled southern whites that white free blacks and they turn to terror in the form of the ku klux klan. >> you cannot imagine a worse time for someone like lincoln to leave the stage. everything he's learned and the esteem he's held in is needed to get us through reconstruction, and he's murdered. and the guy who replaces him couldn't be a worse pick for that moment. >> lincoln's as is is -- assassination elevates andrew johnson to the presidency.

he was put on the ticket to appeal to border state slave owners. >> andrew johnson was incredibly racist. he has no personal interest in securing equality for black men. >> the radicals quickly realize he's siding with the southern whites over and over again. >> johnson's policy makes it easy to get a pardon if you were a high-level con federal to i shall if. he says, i'm not going to tell you who can vote. that sends a signal that there will not be a lot of oversight, that they can do a lot of things to deny african-americans rights and to inflict violence on them without the possibility of being punished for it. >> in 1869, johnson is succeeded by ulysses s. grant. >> the 14th amendment that does guarantee citizen, that gives

black men the ability to vote. >> the 14th amendment and beyond laid out a very clear blueprint for racial equality. there were black legislatures from mississippi sitting in the congress and sitting in the senate. that happened. >> formerly enslaved black people are getting educated. schools are being set up. the election of 1870 in virginia, 140,000 black men will vote. so reconstruction was not a failure. reconstruction was abandoned. >> the economic project of slavery yielded also a kind of cast thinking about white supremacy, and we see that psychology still continues even after the civil war is over. african-americans are not given the land that they're entitled to. and so generally black americans are required to work as tenant

farmers with white landowners. >> these sharecroppers became dependent on the very people who had held them enslaved. so any kind of economic opportunity was taken away from them. and, so, the country moves down the wrong path immediately. >> by using political terror, white supremacists are able to overthrow one by one the congressional reconstruction governments. the old southern democratic regimes have been reinstalled and the way is opened to one of the great disgraces of american history, the imposition of jim crowe and segregation. >> it's brutal. it's terrorism against the black population. you have the white southern population using violence to suppress the black population. this becomes a new normal in

america. >> remember i gave you that stat about virginia and 140,000 formerly enslaved people voting in the 1870 election? by 1900, it was now 10,000. >> the failure of the reconstruction that's really important is the failure of the federal government to ensure that black men would actually receive equal protection of the laws and would be allowed equal access to the polls. >> you did haven't the leadership in place to make it real. so you have a missing century of progress. and it is almost impossible to imagine what america would have been like. if the bullet had missed. >> if reconstruction until the civil rights movement, you have black leaders envoeking lincoln's name to get white men and women to live up to that promise on the steps of the lincoln memorial, king is talking about the promise that

lincoln had made has not been fulfilled. >> in 1964, the civil rights bill outlaws discrimination based on race, religion, sex or nationality. but since its passing, laws supporting and debilitating the enfranchisement of black americans have ebbed and flowed. for every policy upholding equality, there is another undermining it. >> lincoln certainly would acknowledge how far we have come because we really have, but we're not there. we are definitely not there. and in recent times, it seems we're going backwards. i think in many ways, lincoln would be most disappointed with what we have not established. >> still a long push for basic humanity, for basic civil rights. what people are missing and saying all lives matter, they're missing a history in which black

people's bodies and lives have been thought of as expendable, inconsequential, not fully equal. this expendability is something we have not yet been able to shed. >> the connection between the moment of abolition that lincoln lived through and the black lives matter movement today is that it was about imaging who had rights and bringing more people into that conversation. what happens if we prioritize the needs of the most vulnerable in this society? >> even though progress is never linear, lincoln set in motion a process. there is something about this country that seems like it wants to get to a better place. even in the most difficult times. >> racial violence in america has changed shape and form. but the country built on the

backs of the enslaved has not been able to shape white supremacy from its dna. lincoln ushered the country through the civil war. but would he have been able to navigate its complicated aftermath? >> what would have happened had lincoln lived? >> lincoln took a giant step toward equality, took a giant step toward extending opportunity. and i live with the speculation of what would have happened had he been permitted to complete his own work. >> we always like to think about a better future than the one we saw. one can argue that lincoln had the kind of temperament that he might have been able to see his way through reconstruction and come to a better result. >> but the fantasy that lincoln could somehow have single handedly managed the consequences of the abolition of slavery, i think it is a

fantasy. >> the social forces would have presented lincoln with the same quandary his successors face. very much the same problems we confront today. this cnn original series "lincoln: divided we stand" is brought to you by consumer cellular, where low rates are just the beginning. in a world where most things seem real... sometimes they're not. don cheadle!

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there have been 46 american presidents and 46 different interpretations as to what the responsibilities of that office entailed. but lincoln remains the standard to which his successors, democrat and republican, are held. >> lincoln embodies so many traits which are considered quintessentially american. he's the man who rose through his own hard work from very modest beginnings to the pinnacles of power. and he's the man who, quote, unquote, freed the slaves. he used political power for moral purposes. so people see him again as the person who reflects what we want america to be. >> by the fact that he's gone so dramatically and so quickly at the peak of his power just as

the war is folding up has forever trapped him in this amber. this is the perfect president and person. >> since his death, lincoln has been martyred and idolized. history has cast him into the role of america's savior. >> there are important ways in which thinking about lincoln as a martyr discouraged american people from thinking about the flaws of what he did or failed to do. the fact of lincoln's death encouraged sort of a rosie -- rosy picture of who he was in life. >> we do a disservice to him and the country when he put him on a pedestal and we believe that he never made mistakes. i could not read lincoln and not

be impacted when he talks about race and he talks about whites being superior to blacks. that cuts to the heart. even if you're trained to be objective, honest historians come to the realization that their interpretations of the past are colored by their own prejudices, by their own lives experiences. and as a woman of color, i see the world through a different pair of eyes. >> people want heroes. we have to believe that there is this benevolent white president who loved everybody who wanted us as one country because in lincoln doesn't believe in that, it makes the entire american story a lot harder to understand when it comes to race. >> abraham lincoln is not the great emancipator. but abraham lincoln heard black people's concerns and listened

to them and helped to move the country toward policies that would actually make that freedom real. lincoln's life story is a story about what can happen when a thoughtful leader listens to the right people. >> one of the founders of the naacp said about lincoln, i love him, not because he was perfect, but because he wasn't and yet he triumphed. the world is born of those hating and decespising their fellows. to those i love to say, do you see this man? he was one of you, but he became an ra happen lincoln. we can become better versions of ourselves. we can change over time. lincoln was evolutionary. and in being evolutionary, he became revolutionary.

>> the idealized version of lincoln is america at its best. it's america looking at the things that are wrong and trying to make them right. >> dr. king's speech began by saying that he stands in the shadow of the memorial to the american president 100 years ago issued the emancipation proclamation and changed america. i think his guiding spirit remained a hope for people. when i look at abraham lincoln, i'm asking, what does it take to move politicians who may be reluctant, they may not understand the urgency, they may feel they have to be pragmatic when there is an opportunity for revolutionary change. >> the more than 150 years that have followed his presidency, each generation has re-examined and redefined lincoln's legacy. the road to a more perfect union

has been long and bloody. but like lincoln, despite the tragedies that derail us, we adjust, adapt and soldier on. and as lincoln said in his message to congress in december 1862, the dogmas of the quiet past are inadequate to the stormy present. the occasion is piled high with difficulty, and we must rise with the occasion. as our case is new, so we must think anew and act anew. we must disenthral ourselves and then we shall save our country.

don't come. thousands of unaccompanied migrant children arrive at the border as agents struggle to provide adequate care and urge them to wait. >> we are saying don't come now. >> how be the biden administration handle what they refuse to call a crisis. i'll speak to homeland security secretary alejandro mayorkas and democratic senator dick durbin. rising hates, intentions spike after deadly shootings in atlanta. >> it has been heartbreaking. asian americans are americans. >> what can be done to stop the