that struck our cities as an epidemic. and they identified some of the causes. poverty. broken homes. for some, violence has become a permanent part of the fabric of life. sociologists call it a subculture of violence. the current wave of violent crime is well into its second decade. while we have dpeplored violenc, we have not done much about it. perhaps, this is because, confronting the problem of violence forces us to confront the most serious defects in our society. probably most important cultural event in the history of america. the holy generation of freaks. >> it's what guys seem to get off on. they like this high-energy sort of event. >> you can bet your bottom we got 'em, baby.

>> unless you have been living in a sealed cave, you've probably noticed that america's latest craze is disco dance. >> this is punk-rock, and its purpose to promote violence, sex, and destruction, in that order. ♪

rock singer jimi hendrix died today in london according to a police source from an overdose of drugs. janice joplin was found dead last night. the cause of death was said to be an overdose of drugs. >> jim morrison, the lead singer for the doors, a rock-music group, is dead. he was 27. >> the early years of the '70s are sad in music. because you lose people. >> and you lose the beatles. >> the small gathering on salvo row is only the beginning. the event is so momentous that historians may, one day, view it as a landmark in the decline of the british empire. the beatles are breaking up. >> it was like a death for a lot of people. rock and roll, as we understood, in the 1960s, was no longer with us.

>> never. >> i wonder what i am doing here with no drummers and no nothing like that. well, you might know i lost my old band or i left it. ♪ imagine there's no heaven ♪ ♪ it's easy if you try ♪ >> for so long, you kind of waiting for the next beatles album to see where music was going. and we just hoped that the music they would come up with individually would be that good. >> you know, i don't -- no long very to, oh, the beatles need an album. you and paul better go write 20 songs tomorrow kind of thing. i just write when i feel like it. ♪ imagine all the people ♪ >> you know, yoko, you have even been called the dragon lady, who brought the beatles apart or took them -- i have trouble with english. >> please, give her the credit for all the nice music that george made and ringo made and paul made since they broke up. she did it.

>> the fact is yoko ono did not break up the beatles. time broke up the beatles. money broke up the beatles. business broke up the beatles. a desire to go off and do their own stuff broke up the beatles. >> he is a fleshier, heavier beatle these days. respectably married and when the kids come, they don't scream, anymore. they listen. >> the significant thing is that, both, john lennon and paul mccartney made music in their own, particular ways that was focused on the fact that they were deeply in love with a woman. mccartney went home. made that record where he plays all of the instruments on his own. this kind of cozy domesticity. beautiful, wonderful, warm music. >> this is our first showing of it. this is just the mockup, folks. >> new album. >> and it's going to be called ringo's -- >> i sell records. it doesn't matter if i had been in the beatles or not.

if they don't like the record, they won't buy it, you know? >> ringo, who to this day, people dismiss way too much has tremendous success in the '70s. and george harrison, who had been stockpiling these amazing songs, explodes like a supernova on an album called "all things must pass." maybe, the greatest solo album of all. >> over the years, you know, i had such a lot of songs mounting up that i really wanted to do. but i only got by a quota of one or two per album. >> were you held down by the other fellows? >> well, very subtly, yes. >> i'd just like to thank you all for coming here. as you all know, it's a special-benefit concert. >> ravi shenkar said this

terrible thing is happening in bangladesh. what can we do? and that created the first major superstar benefit concert ever done. >> the concert for bangladesh was the granddaddy of all issue-themed concerts. and not only did you get george harrison. you got eric clapton. >> it got dylan out of hiding. it put two beatles back on the stage, again. it was unparalleled, at the time. and it may, still, be unparalleled. >> a great deal of music of the '70s was people who had succeeded in the '60s. finding new ways to express themselves in the '70s. >> have you any idea why your group, particularly, has lasted as long as it has? >> because we stay together, i suppose. >> you know, for a few years, the rolling stones had taken a lot of casualties. >> he wasn't going to be around that long. not everybody makes it. i know? >> they were fighting for like where do we secure our foothold

now? ♪ >> in 1971, the rolling stones leave their home for tax purposes to go live in france. and record this record "exile on main street." in a very hot, uncomfortable, muddy-sounding studio. >> that record is the embodiment of a band making masterpieces on a daily basis. and i remember reading a review saying that this is like a debauched album. i was like i don't even know what debauched mean but i got to get some of this debauchery stuff.

>> come out of the '60s, which was its own animal. the '70s had to show a new skin. it had to shed the old one. >> i was never very confident in my voice as a singer. so rather than just sing them, which would probably bore the pants off everybody, i would like to kind of [ inaudible ] the songs. ♪ i turn myself to face me and i never caught a glimpse ♪ >> david bowie has always been a game changer. he really is taking the promise of rock the beatles kicked off and he is taking it all sorts of interesting places for others to follow.

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♪ ♪ california, oh, california, i'm coming home ♪ ♪ oh, make me feel good rock and roll band i'm your biggest fan ♪ ♪ california i'm coming home ♪ >> you look to the horizon that you want to move toward. and that horizon was here, in l.a. >> that's when the record companies were. and there's lots of sun. >> the way i got to california is just really simple. i got there in a '57 chevy by skipping my finals that year in college. >> virtually no one was from southern california. they were all drawn to the light and the light is the troubadour club. >> things happened gradually until we played the troubadour club in los angeles and which held 250 people. it just happened on the first night.

>> every great songwriter i can think of came through the troubadour. jackson brown. jd henley and frey. joni mitchell. james taylor. >> the big sea change was people writing their own songs. and expressing themselves. >> is it difficult to reveal yourself constantly to so many people? why do you have to do this? >> i feel an obligation to -- to myself and to people to try and share myself. maybe, as honestly as i can. ♪ i left my folk and friends with the aim to clear my mind out ♪ ♪ well, i hit the rowdy road and many times ♪ ♪ many stories told me of the way to get there ♪ ♪ so on and on i go seconds tick

the time on ♪ ♪ there's so much left to know when i am on the road to find out ♪ >> everyone is just trying to do whatever came into their head. >> in the early days, paul and i. we wanted to be the and king of england. they were very big those days. >> we had no idea who these people were. who the mysterious mr. king was who wrote the songs and chains the beatles did. we did discover that it was this remarkable woman, carole king. >> carole king made the transition from basically being behind-the-scenes woman, to a star in her own rite. ♪ i feel the earth move under my feet ♪ ♪ i feel the sky tumbling down ♪ ♪ i feel my heart start to tremble whenever you're around ♪ >> carole king is the he embodiment of what happens

because in the '60s , she is trying to write songs for other people. in the '70s, with tapestry, it's the definition of self-expression. let me go into my house in laurel canyon, and tell you about my life. >> after church, you always went out for pancakes. if you were lucky enough to ride in one of the girls' cars, you know what you were listening to? tapestry. >> there was a lot of very important women, who were some of the most significant writers and contributors to music at the time. >> we are going to do a song that's written by my friend john david souther. who is my favorite california songwriter and one of my favorite singers. it's called faithless love. >> she was, in many ways, my greatest collaborator. i mean, i became a professional songwriter because the best voice of my generation was doing my songs.

[ singing ] >> linda was still underrated, just for sheer-singing power and style and emotion. ♪ faithless love like a river flows ♪ >> there are articles and things that identify me with the l.a. sound. me and jackson brown and the eagles. we need some new blood in this town. you know, we're starting to get stale.

>> the original fleetwood mac is a full on band. >> they were an english band that became a dual citizenship band. they were as american, as they were british. >> we had had an album out about two years previous to fleetwood mac. called buckingham knicks. and they asked us to join. >> fleetwood mac, first stevie and lindsey album, for sure, changed our lives. we had arrived. >> describe being rich and famous in california. >> this is it, kids. ♪

>> hit records, sometimes, bore an audience. well, they're not going to have another hit. or this one isn't as good as that. >> record companies like frothing at the mouth. and the image of the band was becoming a whole thing. so we were getting ready to make rumors with everyone falling apart. ♪ loving you isn't the right thing to do ♪ ♪ how can i ever change things that i feel ♪ >> the band is five people. five very independent, quite strong minded, quite stubborn individuals. >> two lovely couples. john and chris, married.

their marriage was on the rocks. and stevie and lindsey might as well have been married. that, all, was falling apart. ♪ you can go your own way, you can go your own way ♪ >> we were testifying and rumors became the church. with armor all, a little bit of this... ...protects you... ...from a lot of that. keep your car cleaner longer. armor all extreme shield plus ceramic.

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♪ we were shocked because not only were they incredibly talented but they looked like us. ♪ when i had to prove myself, i didn't want you around ♪ >> how long you been singing? >> three years. >> so you went to grab it right away. going to snatch it right out of my hand there. >> michael was precocious. he knew he was cute. and then, you would watch him go from that, to commanding a stage in front of, you know, 15,000 people. amazing. ♪ oh, baby, give me one more chance ♪ ♪ won't you please let me back in your heart ♪

>> the only american group to have four-consecutive number-one records. >> for the first time, young-black kids had their beatles. >> hey, man. what has five heads, ten legs, and -- >> you don't know? the jackson five. that's us. >> the jacksons were the last act from the classic mow town hitsville system. >> motown's a very unique place because a lot of record companies were being run by business men. we had a business man at the helm. >> ironically, here he was trying his best to make black music that would cross over to the white world. >> he ended up making the greatest-black music, ever. he created a machine. when you take the artist and polish him up and make them a great package.

that they can play the ed sullivan show and kill. >> back in the '60s, marvin gaye wanted to be frank sinatra. >> he was clean shaven, debonaire, and all that changed in the '70s. marvin wanted to compete at a high level. why can't i make a record like the beatles? i am selling records like they sell. why can't i have that artistic expression? ♪ talk to me, oh, what's going on, what's going on ♪ ♪ what's going on, tell me what's going on ♪ >> marvin gaye was very much affected by the vietnam war. his brother was in vietnam. so he is hearing all these stories about what's going on over there. he is seeing the protest here and it's changing him. >> he holds up a mirror to america. look at yourselves, america.

>> he is talking about the war. he is talking about poverty. in a way that barry gordy is not superhappy about. >> initially, barry gordie, did not marvin to do "what's going on." >> motown was supposed to be nonthreatening. here, you now have marvin gaye making a protest record about the war that could potentially ruin good money. you don't lightly talk about the government. ♪ yes, i want to know what's going on right now, people ♪ >> ultimately, when he agrees to put out what's going on, okay, if you're right, i will learn something. and if you're right, you'll learn something. and, of course, as barry will say, i learned something. >> every artist at motown was, suddenly, also, going to try

their chance at freedom. >> when people say soul, they put you in one category. they say he's a soul artist. that's all they expect for you to sing and that's all they want you to sing. that's not true. soul is -- is being able to express yourself. >> stevie wonder went to barry gordie and he negotiated his creative freedom. and he used every bit of it. ♪ very superstitious, writings on the wall ♪ >> stevie wonder making some of the greatest records anyone's ever made in popular music in america, back to back to back. >> it's the equivalent of shooting a perfect shot from half court with your eyes closed. music on my mind. oh, he made it. he ain't gonna do it again. what you talking about? first finale. oh, my god, he did it. and then, suddenly, songs of

life. ♪ >> what the beatles did, in the '60s, i feel stevie wonder because the person to do that for music, in the '70s. >> hi there and welcome aboard. you're right on time for a beautiful trip on the soul train. the sight and sound of soul is your pleasure, and what you treasure, you can bet your bottom, we got 'em baby. >> soul train finally offered america its first view of afro s >> it was the one reliable place to see the artist you loved. >> there is no question that soul train broke a lot of

artists. and introduced a lot of artists to audiences that they had never performed for. >> ten years before he did the moonwalk, michael jackson debuted the robot in 1973 on "soul train." >> people had done the robot, before. but there was a way that he did it. it was -- it was faster. it was sharper. and it was street. i could just see his afro bouncing and just because it was so much precision to it. ♪ dancing, dancing, dancing ♪ with armor all, a little bit of this...

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terms. >> the stuff from the '60s was like, oh, that's way too hippie. now, we have to up it a notch. ♪ >> the audience has come to expect a bunch of standard of performance. better quality of lighting and sound and staging. they have come to expect a show. ♪ we still have time, we might still get by ♪ ♪ every time i think about it i want to cry ♪ >> in the '70s, the groups started to become more theatrical. they realized just giving them the music isn't enough. we got to give them something to look at. >> more naked people. more misbehavior. more over-the-top stuff going on. just -- just more. >> playing stadiums was too unreal. it would just be a sea of faces

into infinity. ♪ ♪ crazy, crazy, crazy on you ♪ >> stadium tours brought a lot of people together to hear music, at the same time. what they also do is they force the musicians to play to the back of the hall. >> in the '70s, that distance between the performer, onstage, and that audience grew. if you went to any of the bigger rock shows, it was all about the star up here, and the audience down here. and this sort of iconography of the rock star as this huge figure. >> it was bound to happen. but it comes as a shock, nevertheless. in a poll taken by a leading pop-music magazine in england,

the beatles came in second. the most popular rock group in england, these days, is called the led zeppelin. >> in their 20s, they are rich, powerful, temperamental, and pampered. they are the led zeppelin. a rock group on tour. and in the vernacular of the record biz, where to be nearly big is nothing, zeppelin is very big. to get around, the zeppelin uses a chartered 707. the kind of plane president nixon uses. the president's plane doesn't have an organ, nor a 15-foot mirrored bar. nor, in the private quarters, does it have two bedrooms and a fireplace. >> i am a bit upset there is not a table onboard. apart from that, this is the best way to travel. >> americans are now spending $2 billion a year on music. that's 700 million more than the whole movie industry grosses from ticket sales in one year.

about-three times the amount of money taken in by all-spectator sports. >> telling you rock and roll is basically no different than ibm, xerox, chevrolet. supply and demand. it's the same business. >> rock and roll had been a little, gritty novelty business. it was not the center of the world, in the '50s and '60s. and in the '70s, it becomes the main event. and that has repercussions in all sorts of positive and negative ways. >> the total cost of this tour is $3.5 million. the gross for the tour is in the region of $11 million. so, you know, it's a living. >> it was so decadent and over the top and money just, whoo, being thrown against the wall. >> if you are a hypocrite, you know, if you are consistently evoking the ideas of young people. or bouncing off the ideas of young people. taking young people's money and putting it in your pocket. you know, and -- and really, what you are is you're a middle-aged family man.

and it's only the hypocrisy that i am worried about. >> bruce springsteen was trying to reclaim the soul of rock and roll by going back to basics. >> using elements from the past that were kind of being discarded, at that point. >> using a sound that was not what was on the radio. and was not what was mainstream rock. ♪ >> bruce springsteen created his own counterculture. it just speaks, exactly, to the american spirit. you couldn't hit it on the head more than bruce springsteen did. >> "born to run" was a towering

statement in the middle of the '70s. it was the cover of "time" and "newsweek." >> me, on the other hand, i am like my friend is on the cover of time and "newsweek." this is cool. >> in 1975, it's a desire to really escape the claustrophobia of the 1970s. it is an anthem to save your soul. old spice hydrate will help you

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i was lucky enough to be invited to the legendary space in soho called the loft. i thought that was one of the most utopian scenes i had ever encountered in music. >> one of the guys who really took the art form of playing records and how he curated the records. he might play isaac hayes' record. he might play a salsa record. it wasn't so much about a style, as it was an aesthetic of dancing. >> there are four types of people. people who dance, people pop up and down, get high, stay here

all night. >> why are people dancing again? >> i wish i knew. but i'm glad it's happening. ♪ >> what we, now, know as disco really starts with a band called the tramps. the drummer, earl young, invents the idea of four on the floor. so, everything is -- ♪ burn, baby burn ♪ >> that's the sound of disco. >> i love disco. i always love dance music, anyway, because whatever i did as a producer was always danceable. >> the melody. >> georgio moroder working out of munich put together technology and soulful vocalists. donna summer being the ultimate embodiment and they make some of the biggest records of all time.

♪ i love to love you baby ♪ >> love to love you baby was four minutes of singing. 14 minutes of a lot of not singing. ♪ oh, love to love you, baby ♪ >> and i always wondered for the life of me, like, just like in the booth like more passion? >> actually, i threw everybody out of the studio. switched the lights off. made sure that the tape is running. and i said, okay, let's do it. and i think she did it in ten minutes. >> the donna summer records were some of the biggest records of all time. and they kicked off a revolution.

>> unless you have been living in a sealed cave, you've probably noticed that america's latest craze is disco dancing. th that's dancin' without the g. >> where have you been? >> discos take in and what they generate with the records, we are talking about an estimated 4 billion, that's with a b, $4 billion a year. >> i remember really being upset about this word, disco. it was r and b music to me. and i felt like they stripped it. and gave it a new name or weren't giving credit where, i think, the credit was supposed to go. >> bring that sound in. that's great. yeah. okay. one, two, three, four. >> the bee gees always liked r&b. but they always had r&b

leanings. >> the bee gees, did what pop stars do. they really got the zeitgeist of what was going on. ♪ >> this is the scene outside a new york disco called studio 54. this is the place that's in with the disco crowd. >> i have been to goat ropings and space shots. i have been in a lot of strange places and seen a lot of strange things but nothing stranger than studio 54, at the height of its popularity in the '70s. >> it's where you come when you want to escape. it's really escapism. >> the front door of that spot was insane. i sometimes would just walk by to watch the people not get in. because that was fun, too. >> you are not shaved. there's no way you are going to get in.

it doesn't matter. if you are not shaved, listen, just go home. >> you had to be selected. you had to be chosen to get in. >> we can't let everybody in, who wants to come in. i wish we could. >> the great chic go to studio 54 to get in and they don't. so they write a song. ♪ >> it was kind of a this is the new 54. the part where they say, freak out, actually began as something else. ♪ freak out ♪ >> it went from something off, to freak off, to being freak out. ♪ just come on down, find your spot on the floor ♪ ♪ freak out ♪ >> that's probably the best

thing that ever came out of studio 54 was that song. >> disco was a revolutionary force. funk marries disco. and it leads to hip-hop. >> it's 1979, i heard chic's "good times" come on. i kept hearing somebody talk over the song. ♪ to the hip, hip hip-hop you don't stop ♪ ♪ a rock it out bubba to the bang, bang boogie boobie ♪ ♪ to the rhythm of the boogie the beat ♪ ♪ to the boogie to the rhythm of the boogie the beat ♪ >> what you hear is not a -- rock to the beat me the groove and my friends are going to try to move your feet. >> what's great about the song is that's where hip-hop gets its name from. >> we didn't know it was called "rapper's delight." >> the next day i went to the record store, yo, you all got hip-hop? what is that song?

it was the first to crack the top 40. >> it changes everything. >> "rapper's delight" in 1979 opens the door to the last new american art form, which is hip-hop. omer. (customer) do i have to do anything? (burke) nothing. (customer) nothing? (burke) nothing. (customer) nothing? (burke) nothing. (customer) hmm, that is really something. (burke) you get a whole lot of something with farmers policy perks. see ya. (kid) may i have a balloon, too? (burke) sure. your parents have maintained a farmers home policy for twelve consecutive months, right? ♪ we are farmers. bum-pa-dum, bum-bum-bum-bum ♪ (burke) start with a quote at 1-800-farmers. with armor all, a little bit of this... ...protects you... ...from a lot of that. keep your car cleaner longer. armor all extreme shield plus ceramic. this is dr. arnold t. petsworth, he's the owner of petsworth vetworld. business was steady, but then an influx of new

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kick out the jams, mother [ bleep ].

>> detroit, 1969 is where punk was originally born. ♪ yeah, it's all right ♪ >> the motor city five and iggy and the stooges release two pioneering albums that indicate there's a new style of music coming back. it's a garage rock. it's minimalist. it's aggressive. it's loud and it's very often obnoxious. ♪ got to kick out the jams, yeah, kick out the jams ♪ ♪ got to kick 'em out ♪ >> punk rock was so f'ing scary to us because here we are with our big majestic songs. and here comes punk with their like -- ♪ >> the ramones get started as a reaction of everything else that's going on. people see them and go this is the answer. ♪ hey, ho, let's go hey, ho, let's go ♪ >> here to see how great rock 'n roll is supposed to be done.

>> how should it be done? >> no pyrotechnics, no phony showmanship. just pure rock 'n roll. pure guts, pure stamina. ♪ ♪ they're piling in the backseat they're generating steam heat ♪ ♪ pulsating to the back beat ♪ ♪ blitzkrieg bop ♪ >> just real and raw and there's no crap involved, as opposed to the standard schlap we hear on the top 40. >> the ramons were one part of a wider new york scene. >> you had people like patti smith. >> i'm an artist. rock 'n' roll is my art. >> the new york dolls. >> the dead boys. >> rock and roll anybody can play. >> and richard hell. >> richard hell was one to cut his own hair. ripping his clothes and safety pinning them together. >> he was the king of the punks. the safety pin thing, for instance, is his. it's pretty clear that he invented that. ♪ hey, ho, let's go ♪

>> punk in the united states is a musical ab ber ration, a statement of sorts of what music is and how it ought to be played. in england, punk rock is not a musical statement, it is a social one. >> if punk has a home territory, it is here on kings road in the middle of london, the same street that launched the mini skirt and the look and mood of the swinging '60s. >> what's this done for us? nothing. ain't got me a job. >> there isn't any future for a kid now. i mean there isn't. >> there is an indigenous anger and frustration that drove a lot of punk on and got a lot of people behind it. ♪ london calling through the far away towns ♪ ♪ war is declared and battle come down ♪ >> you have been said to be a political group. >> yeah, i've said it. it's true. >> if there were jobs, maybe we'd be singing about love and kissing or something. >> the clash, musically, is the

best of the lot. doesn't sound like traditional punk, but it doesn't sound like anybody else but the clash either. ♪ but i have no fear because london is drowning ♪ ♪ i live by the river ♪ >> punk was a wide umbrella and that wider scene included people who were a little bit more complex in their musical performance style. people aren't going to buy something that you call punk. they might buy it if you call it new wave. >> we hear a lot about punk rock these days. can we have your thoughts on that? >> i think it's better to just call it a new wave, really. i think by defining it as punk you're automatically putting a boundary around what is possible. bands like talking heads are excellent. >> talking heads was the ultimate college band, and they did a sophisticated spiky music that reflected who they were and particularly reflected the fascinating individual that david byrne would emerge to become. >> i wrote a song about urban

guerrillas from the point of view of their daily lives instead of the point of view of their politics. ♪ heard of a van that is loaded with weapons ♪ ♪ packed up and ready to go ♪ >> this area of new wave music is where stars of the 1980s are going to come from. ♪ >> what makes the '70s so special is that there's still a sense of naivety, the thought that music could really make a difference in your life. ♪ this ain't no party this ain't no disco ♪ ♪ this ain't no fooling around no time for dancing ♪ ♪ or lovey-dovey i ain't got time for that now ♪ >> you pick any genre you like and the best music made in that genre is made in the 1970s, and you'll have a hard time proving me wrong. >> what was great about a me decade is it allowed the greatest artists of our times to do their greatest work because they were really exploring. that's as deep as popular art

ever gets. ♪ i might not ever get home ♪ ♪ this ain't no party ♪ ♪ this ain't no disco ♪ ♪ this ain't no fooling around ♪ ♪ i love to hold you ♪ ♪ i love to kiss you ♪ ♪ i ain't got time for that now ♪ ♪ ♪ there are colonies of hippies springing up in most american cities. >> it's all related, the psychedelics, the war, the protesting.