he crossed the border alone. he had nothing more than a plastic bag. he did have a passport and a number written on his hand. hassan took a train to slovakia. and a message posted in facebook, hassan's mother said she's a widow and she had to stay behind because she's still caring for her mother, so hassan traveled hundreds of miles across the border alone and was finally greeted in slovakia. thanks so much for joining us. ac 360 starts now. good evening from lviv, ukraine. there are significant developments to tell you about tonight on and off the battlefield. here in ukraine as well as elsewhere. most notably, the biden administration banning russian oil and gas imports into the united states, cutting moscow off from billions of dollars a year in hard currency, squeezing russia's economy even harder. we begin, though, with vladimir putin's principle export to this country, which is human

suffering. and the exodus that has followed. today, according to the u.n., the number of people who have been forced to flee ukraine exceeded 2 million just over the past 12 days. that, of course, is only part of the story. others have been driven from their homes are now in transit within the country, internally displaced. many more, many come here to lviv either to stay or as a jumping off point on the way further west. i spent part of the day at the train station here, which as already seen tens of thousands of displaced people arriving and departing. i met a family, sergei, katia, and their daughter. sergei's wife and daughter are now leaving ukraine, he's staying. it's important to hear their story because at the end of the day, this more than almost anything else is what wars do and what this war has done to a degree not seen in thi s

continent since the second world war. >> you're here with your wife and your child? >> two little bags, that's all they could take. it is hard for any of us living

safe, secure, and predictable lives to imagine what sergei and his family has gone through and may yet go through in the days and weeks ahead. a few weeks ago, it was hard for most ukrainians to believe it either. cnn chief international correspondent clarissa ward is in kyiv. jim sciutto is here in lviv, and cnn's nick paton walsh is in nick oev. first, an update from oren liebermann. >> in northeast ukraine, not far from the russian border, the city of sumi was supposed to be safe if only for a few hours. ukraine and russia agreed on a single evacuation corridor opened for half of tuesday, but the agreement has not protected the city. the announcement came after ukrainian officials say a russian air strike killed 21 civilians including two children overnight. russian strikes have destroyed homes in the city, flattening neighborhoods. western leaders have already accused russia of targeting preapproved safe routes in ukraine. the city of maria pole in the

south has been isolated by russian forces, cutting off hundreds of thousands from water and electricity for days. but that official says the russian forces have not entered the city. >> we assess putin feels aggrieved the west does not give him proper deference. >> u.s. intelligence estimates with low confident that russia's lost between 2,000 and 4,000 troops in combat. but they still retain an overwhelming majority of their combat power, the u.s. defense official says, with new advances east of kyiv. russian forces still have not been able to encircle kyiv, the ukrainian capital, with their assault stalled from the north. the russian invasion has killed more than 400 civilians to date, including 38 children, calling it genocide and accusing russia of war crimes which russia denies. russia's invasion has created more than 2 million refugees according to the united nations. while millions flee, others stay to fight.

in irpin, on the outskirts of kyiv, a ukrainian police officer says good-bye to his son. for how long, no one knows. ukrainian president volodymyr zelenskyy addressing the british parliament. >> translator: we will not give up, and we will not lose. we will fight until the end at sea, in the air. we will continue fighting for our land, whatever the cost. >> he showed oncegon his mixture of composure and defiance. zelenskyy urged western nations to ban russian energy imports, a move president joe biden announced today. >> russian oil will no longer be acceptable in american ports and the american people will deliver another blow to russia. >> it will phase out russian oil completely before the end of the decade, a daunting goal since europe relies much more heavily on russia.

the russian stock market remains closed for the eight consecutive business day with the ruble in freefall. oren liebermann, at the pentagon. >> so far, the tightening sanctions have yet to change vladimir putin, to alter his course. i want to start with clarissa ward in kyiv. what have you been seeing in kyiv overnight? >> well, anderson, i have to say, it's a little quieter than it has been most nights. we have heard the air raid sirens a couple times but we haven't heard the sort of consistent bombardment that is typical of most evenings here. now, we were earlier on at that suburb of irpin, where some 60,000 people have been hunkered down, trying to get out, bombarded day in, day out. there's no food, there's no power, there's no heat. really a desperate situation, and the attempt had been to try to evacuate as many people as possible. that was really stalled on

sunday, after a mortar, a russian mortar hit and killed a family of four people. today, we did see that traffic, if you like, that pedestrian traffic, people crossing that bridge on foot, starting to move again. but still, you could hear some artillery in the distance. there are a lot of people who are still trapped, and that is a picture that we're seeing across the country, anderson. the one convoy that was able to move out today was in the northern city of sumi, where again, there has been just horrendous bombardment, but other parts of the country, those humanitarian corridors were not able to be opened up in the same way, and people are continuing to wait in the dark, in the cold, under fire, to try to get out to safety. >> jim, here with me in lviv, ukrainian forces have obviously been putting up a determined fight. the advances continue by russia. there are continued calls for a

no-fly zone. that's obvious no sign that's going to happen, but poland today said that they would transfer all of their mig fighter jets ultimately to ukraine, but they would give them to the united states, fly them to germany, and the u.s. could then get them somehow here. the u.s. has now said that's a nonstarter, that's just not going to work. >> it seems like this is one of those things that came public before there was agreement among the allies involved here. it's an understandable sensitivity for all parties involved because every nato ally wants to help the ukrainians. they do not want to start a war between nato and russia. poland wants to give these jets to the ukrainians, but does not want to become a target of the russians as a direct participant in the war against them. the u.s. supports the idea, and it sounds like poland was saying okay, fine, we'll send it to you guys and you pass it on. >> which was a surprise to the u.s. >> it was. with a lot of these things what we have seen is remarkable

progress in a short period of time. thing said that were nonstarters have become starters. you think of germany's supplying of lethal military assistance. they oppose it and then they did it. the oil embargo, other steps. it may be that they reach an agreement. i will tell you, end of last week, i was told the u.s. position was, this ain't gonna happen. but now, there's some possibility, but it hasn't been worked out yet. what is clear is that the u.s. and its allies want to send as much lethal military assistance to the ukrainians so they can survive this. they're getting a remarkable amount in. >> they're still able to get stuff. and nick paton walsh in the south, what have you been seeing and hearing in the recent hours? >> yeah, anderson, i have to say it's been chillingly quiet over the past few hours. there's horizontal snow now blanketing a city where i think around about dusk or so, we saw outgoing fire illuminating the sky, and that was sort of

emphasized in terms of its impact by statements by the regional governor who had seem so eboull ebulliant. he said we feel victoria. he put out this morning saying if you want to help out with the defense of the city, please bring tires to the intersections, and you might see video of what that looks like. just down here, we were seeing random locals turning up in their cars and just taking out of the trunk tires and dumping them in piles. that's happened across here. this is important because it is a black sea port city, normally very sleepy, utterly desolately black right now. i can step out of the way, frankly, because you're tired of seeing my face, but you can see this. just snow and black. and this would normally be a vibrant port city. and so we have this incredible

position where the regional governor turned around to the population here and said, would you please put tires out on the streets, and then he put out a message a matter of hours later where he said, listen, you have been amazing. thank you. you filled every street corner with tires. please don't set fire to them until i give you the order. which is a sign, of course, of the cohesive collective resistance we're beginning to see here. people who stayed, and we saw on the way in to this town that a lot of people are trying to leave. that kind of cohesive sense of resistance. but it also tells you possibly here after days of suggesting that they are very able to hold back the russian advance, that there may be concern about some sort of internal presence of the russian military. and that is troubling, of course. this is a hugely built up city. street fighting would be catastrophic for the population that remains here. and they have over the last days

managed to hold the russians back. and so when you begin to wonder what the russian strategy is along the black sea coast, as they move from huh song, which they took, but are finding civil disobedience there, to here, where they are clearly pressuring the population here constantly, and there have been suggestioned they have tried to move the military to the north of this town. it's complicated to understand, but we're sort of sat on the river here, and there have been suggestioned when we moved in today, there was shelling by ukrainians to northern positions which may suggest that the russians were trying to move around to the north. which would be complicating because it would sort of essentially make it harder for free movement in and out of the town in a northerly direction, almost encircling parts of it, but we are going to look at a difficult situation here in the days ahead. but tonight, it's extraordinary to see how deathly quiet it is.

blanket of snow everywhere. the regional head, vitale kim, he's essentially said that it's probably quiet tonight. it will be dawn, he believes, when the russians may make their move, but it's just frankly very strange after seeing a bustling city to see it just black and covered in snow. anderson. >> clarissa, what is your sense of supplies in kyiv for the population, for hospitals that are operating, medical supplies, food supplies, the like? >> so anderson, it's definitely becoming more of a problem. we actually saw president zelenskyy's wife, the first lady, take to facebook today, as she wrote a public letter basically lambasting the russian invasion and the effect it's had on civilians and she talked specifically about the issue now confronting a lot of hospitals. she talked about a lack of medicine, even simple things,

inhalers for people who have asthma, insulin for people who have diabetes. trying to get the right amount and the correct medication into these hospitals in the hardest hit areas. we visited a hospital earlier as well in kyiv and we were talking to the sort of administrator for the kyiv area, and she was basically explaining to us that they have no way now to transport anything into these hospitals outside of kyiv, i'm talking about places like irpin, they have no way of getting supplies to these hospitals. so not only are these hospitals dealing with people who have traumatic injuries, they're also dealing with just the everyday life health issues of people. babies being born, people who have, you know, chronic illnesses, and so it is a real concern that unless we see a legitimate humanitarian corridor opened, which of course, would

require a complete cease-fire, that's not going to improve. and mariupol, the southeastern port town of 500,000 people, that was supposed to happen today. it's the second time, anderson, it was supposed to happ. hundreds of thousands of people are still pinned down under there, a humanitarian corridor was open, a convoy started to move in with desperately needed humanitarian aid, including the kind of medicines you're referring to. shell began again and it had to be closed. the russians are proposing once again tomorrow, they say 10:00 a.m. moscow time, there will be another cease-fire and these corridors will be opened, but the response of the ukrainian military so far was, we find it difficult to trust the occupiers. anderson. >> clarissa ward, thank you. jim sciutto, nick paton walsh as well. >> coming up next, my conversation with lindsay adario, one of the preeminent war photographers working today. her thoughts on what she's seeing here and what's affected

her the most. she also took that now famous photo of the family that was killed just the other day in irpin. we'll talk to her about the moments before and after that photo was taken. >> also, clarissa ward's report on some of the most vulnerable people who often cannot flee, in this case, seniors in irpin. we'll be right back. - wow. - uh-huh. $0 copayays on virtual visits for primary care anand mental health. tatake advantage now. wow!

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coverage from lviv, ukraine, tonight. one of the most famous photographs so far of this war appeared on the front page of "the new york times" on monday morning. i want to show you that front page. the photo was taken by "new york times" photographer and photojournalist lynsey addario. it shows a family, a mother, her two children, and a friend who was trying to help them, trying to get out of irpin as they were crossing a bridge that had been destroyed with the help of -- that had been opened up by

ukrainian forces. hundreds if not thousands had been fleeing irpin saturday. clarissa ward was there. sunday, lindsay adario was there. she witnessed the mortar attack that killed that family and took that now world known -- that photo now known all around the world. there's also a video of the moment of the actual mortar attack that killed this family. i want to show it to you right now.

>> stay there! >> all right. [ bleep ] >> they called for a medic. lynsey addario who you saw in that video cursing and taking pictures. she ran across there, risking her life to take the photos you saw of that family dead. i talked to lynsey a short time ago. >> lynsey, i want to talk to you about the photo you took of the family that got killed as they were trying to evacuate from irpin. it's become incredibly emblematic of this war and the attack on and killing of civilians here. talk about what was happening

that day. clarissa ward had been in that location the day before, talking about hundreds if not thousands of people fleeing the fighting. you went the next day. did you know that there was shelling? was there shelling nearby already when you were there? >> so no. i went that morning. we actually went early that morning, and i thought i was going to a civilian sort of exodus, evacuation from irpin. i had seen all the photographs, i had seen clarissa's reporting. we're quite good friends. so i asked her about the situation on the ground. and she said there was artillery there, but it was not being fired at the bridge. it was a bit in the distance. so i sort of went there early thinking that i was just going to cover civilians. and we parked our car a few hundred meters off in the distance and started walking toward the bridge. shortly after, a mortar round landed about 200 meters from us.

so i thought, okay, they're targeting a ukrainian mortar position or a position off in the distance. and that's fair enough. but i never -- i just assumed they wouldn't bring those mortars closer to us because it was very clear there were civilians coming. so i stayed behind the wall, and i kept photographing. and then another mortar round came closer. and so i was photographing, and i saw the people sort of dragging their children and dragging the elderly as the rounds got closer and closer. and i was looking through my lens thinking, it's not possible that the rounds are coming closer because they know there's civilians here. and i kept shooting, and then i put my camera down every time a round would come in, you know, the whistle of a mortar, i would sort of dive behind this wall. and then pop up again. and assume, okay, it's not going to come closer than that, and of course, lo and behold, a mortar

landed about maybe 30 feet from where we were standing. you have seen the video. and i was -- >> we're showing that -- we're showing that video shot by a andre, who i guess he was right behind you perhaps. and we can see you and your helmet, you're taking pictures. i think you're saying, you know, you're caught up in the moment. you're saying some curse words, i think. what happened then? because i think it was a security contractor who ran to help the ukrainian soldier who was knocked down by the mortar. and then ran over to check on that family. when did you decide to run over there to them? >> so we were working, there were three of us, andre, me, and steve, who is "new york times" security. so he -- steve specifically told us not to move while he sort of checked. he ran to check on the family. so we were standing there, of course, i was happy not to move because i was sort of still in shock and trying to figure out

if i had shrapnel wounds to my neck because there was a spray of gravel. and you could hear me saying, am i bleeding? and i wanted to shoot because the guy, the security guy -- sorry, the civil defense guy who you saw in the frame sort of disappeared so we were trying to figure out, is he alive, is he dead? i was shooting whatever i could until steve gave us the go ahead to go across the street. meanwhile, mortar rounds, we ran across the street and another round came in shortly after. as we ran across the street, i saw the four sort of figures of what i thought was an entire family lifeless, and i was sort of shocked because i hadn't realized it was a family. it was too dusty to see fully across the street. >> there's something, you know, the image is just sickening, of course. what goes through your mind in a moment like that? i mean, there's the horror of

it, but the horror of what you're seeing, but then there's also you need to get a shot that tells the horror of that to other people. so another part of your brain, i assume, has to think what angle do i want to shoot? where should i be? how should i frame this? >> yeah. that's exactly right. i mean, first of all, i'm a mother. so the first thing going on in my head was sort of, oh, my god. that's a child, because there was a 9-year-old or an 8-year-old, and i have a 10-year-old. and so i was sort of looking, and i started shooting, and i was from an angle where you couldn't see their faces. i thought, okay, this is a respectful angle. i'll shoot this. and then i went around the side and took a shot from that side, where only the mother was visible. and then i went around the back and took another shot because i'm thinking, as horrific as this is, i have to document this

because i just watched a mother and her two children get hit intentionally, because i knew it was intentional. we watched it happen. >> i don't know why i fixate on this, but there was something about the luggage that seemed untouched in all of this that i just found so disturbing, and again, it's a stupid detail and meaningless detail, but i don't know. something, it just struck me. >> yeah, i mean, in that moment, i remember kind of surveying the scene. and you know, in those moments, it's hard for me to connect the dots. i'm seeing things, i'm registering some things, i'm trying to look through my camera to stay focused. it's a way for me to kind of take away the emotion, to just stay very focused on the work. so i was looking through the camera, and i do remember because it was the way the luggage fell and the way their bodies fell. it was almost -- it almost sort of pronounced how innocent they were. and that, to me, was so sort of

vile. and so yeah, i'm thinking all those things as i'm shooting. >> does a moment like this stay with you? because, you know, you're still in the middle of it. you still go out the next day or later that same day, or, you know, and there will be more pictures and more scenes. and how do you -- how do you think about this? >> yeah, i mean, we were pretty rattled sunday afternoon. we did go back out because the story continues. and you know, we have a responsibility to the readers of "the new york times" and people to keep covering what's happening. so we went back out, but we were too scared. there was no way we would go back out to the bridge sunday afternoon, so we went to a sort of staging area where families were being brought kind of a few kilometers back. and then yesterday, there were a lot of people going to the bridge, and crossing, and we were working in a hospital

yesterday, and at one point, i said to andre, should we go to the bridge? and he was like, no way. and we just kind of knew we weren't ready yet. you know, and i think the important thing of covering conflict is just understanding your instincts and being in touch with sort of are you comfortable yet? because the worst thing either of us could do or the worst thing any photojournalist could do is go to a situation already nervous and try to work. and then come under fire, because you won't make good calculated decisions about how to react and how to sort of extricate yourself. >> it must help to know that a picture you take has an impact, that people see it and people care, and that it -- that it impacts people. >> yeah, i mean, that's what we all strive for. we all do this work in order to have an impact, in order to affect policy, in order to educate people, to show the reality on the ground.

it's very seldom that i know that one of my photos actually has a direct impact. you know, i think i have been doing this 20 years, and people always ask me, like, have your photos changed the world? i never have an answer to that because i don't really know. i shoot, i file. they're published, i move on. i usually just keep working. in this case, yeah, the response has been overwhelming. and you know, sadly, at the expense of that mother and her two children. but i think, you know, it was such an important moment to witness the lead-up and the actual moment. >> yeah. lynsey addario, thank you so much. please be careful. >> thank you, anderson. thank you. >> we should point out we have since learned the names of that fallen family in lynsey adaur you's photo. the mom's name was tatiana, her two children were elisa who was 9 years old and nikita who was 18. the man they were traveling with

who was trying to help them cross was named anatoli. our thoughts are with them and all who are suffering. >> disoriented and fighting seniors, some of the war's most vulnerable victims. clarissa ward's story coming up. stuff. we love stuff.

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regional military administration, the humanitarian situation remains difficult in the area surrounding the capital. we talked to clarissa ward about that a little bit earlier. some residents are forced to stay in bomb shelters for days as russian forces continue to shell residential areas and it's a terrifying situation even for those attempting to flee from the violence. look at this photo captured in irpin just outside kyiv, showing civilians dodging mortars, trying to protect a toddler as they attempt to escape russian advances. as the situation escalates, it's having a particular devastating impact on some of the war's most vulnerable people, the elderly. international correspondent clarissa ward has some of their stories tonight. >> incredibly, they emerge. some still standing. some too weak to walk. after more than a week under heavy bombardment in the kyiv suburb of irpin. volunteers help them carry their

bags. a final few feet to relative safety. there are tearful reunions, as relatives feared dead finally appear after days of no contact with the outside world. many are still looking for their loved ones, soldiers help where they can. for larissa and andre, it's an agonizing wait. their son has been pinned down in the hotel he owns. we wait, we hope, we pray, they tell me. this is the grief of all mothers, of all people, larissa. this is a tragedy. every time the phone rings, there's a scramble. anticipation that it could be their son's voice on the line. this time, it is not. excuse me, i can't talk, andre

says. i'm waiting for my son. they are not the only ones waiting. these residents of a nursing home were among the last to be evacuated from irpin. they have been sitting here now for hours. confused and disorientated, many don't know where they're going. volunteer gently guides these women back to wait for the next bus. valentina tells us she is frightened and freezing. after days of endless shelling and no heat. i want to lie down, she says. please help me. but for now, there is no place to lie down. the women are shepherded onto a bus. their arduous journey not over yet. for larissa and andre, the wait is finally over. their son is alive.

>> the only words you can tell to the phone, mom, i'm alive. mom, i'm alive. and that's it. >> i'm the happiest mother in the world right now, she says. my son is with me. but not every mother here is so lucky. and for many, the wait continues. >> just unbelievable. i mean, those -- the women from the nursing home, i mean, disoriented, the woman saying i want to lie down, please help me. do they know where they're going or does anyone know where they're going to go? >> there was definitely a lot of confusion, anderson, about where they were going. most of the people who get loaded onto those yellow buses and evacuated are taken directly to the kyiv central railway station. but for those elderly, that was not the plan. they were waiting for some other transport that would have been perhaps more suitable for them.

that transport didn't materialize, so eventually, they did put them on those buses and you saw some of them had to actually lie down on the floor. and they were supposed to be taken from there to another kind of care home or nursing home type of facility. but there was certainly some confusion about where that was and how many beds are available. and the thing that was so striking, anderson, talking to some of these women, and particularly valentina, who kept saying over and over again, please, i just want to lie down, i'm so confused. please can you help me. is just that they, you know, are really desperately confused. they're not following or at least valentina was not following everything that was going on around her. she was very frightened. she was freezing cold. she kept complaining about the cold, talking about the fact that while this shelling was going on and while she was trapped in this nursing home for days on end, that there was no heating. and she kept referring to her legs specifically saying she

couldn't get them warm. and so it does, you know, as any person would feel, just heartbroken to hear those stories, and also, a deep sense of concern for what happens to people like valentina and the residents of that nursing home, where they do go next, and how long they can stay there as well, because even if they do find some temporary shelter for them in kyiv, which i'm sure they have, the question becomes how long is that a sustainable and viable option for them? at what point does the city potentially come under heavy bombardment or become totally encircled and it's no longer possible to give them the level of care that they need, anderson? >> yeah, and just access to medications they need, you know, one doesn't think about this kind of stuff in war because it seems like war takes over everything, but people still need daily medication, sometimes multiple medications a dayerse especially at that age. thank you so much for telling their story. >> just ahead, the war already ugly may get uglier still.

that's the assessment of top u.s. intelligence officials today. coming up next, we'll examine the setbacks that have surprised many experts who might have expected an easier advance for the russians in ukraine. we'll discuss that and what affect it could have on civilians in the war that according to those officials vladimir putin cannot afford to lose, ahead. ver two million peoe welcomed bath fitter into their homes? it just fifits. call now or visit bathfitter.com to book your free consultation.

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i want to show some pictures that came to us today. these come from the ukrainian military. shea show destroyed russian military assets in the east of ukraine and they're an example of what we reported earlier in the broadcast about the slow bloody march that russia has endured in the war. top u.s. intelligence officials testified they expect vladimir putin to double down on this effort. they say it will be, quote, an ugly next few weeks. and we have already seen some of that ugliness in vladimir putin's repeated attacks on civilians. but the question is what do we know currently about the state of the russian military? jim sciutto has that. >> nearly two weeks into the invasion, the war in ukraine has become a slow grinding conflict. not the blitzkrieg advance the russian military had planned and hoped for. >> russia's failure to rapidly seize kyiv and overwhelm ukrainian forces has deprived moscow of the quick military victory that it probably had

originally expected. >> assistance to ukrainian forces has flowed in quickly and in enormous quantities. today, the u.s. and partners have provided some 17,000 anti-tank missiles including the javelin and at-4 shoulder fired systems. and according to a senior u.s. official, some 3700 anti-aircraft missiles. including the stinger, shoulder fired missile. the vast majority since the start of the invasion. these missiles have had an immediate impact on the battlefield. this is a shoulder fired missile shooting down a russian attack helicopter. >> it's a race between our ability and nato's ability to push forward supplies such as the 17,000 missiles that have been recently approved, to get those into the hands of the ukrainian war fighters before the russians can regroup and get their logistics, lines of communication, and capabilities up to snuff. >> military losses are harder to gauge. according to two senior u.s.

officials briefed on the intelligence, the u.s. estimates russia has lost somewhere between 2,000 and 4,000 soldiers. though this estimate comes with low confidence. the u.s. does not have reliable information on losses of ukrainian military personnel. on the battlefield, russian forces have moved more quickly in the south, more slowly in the east and north, though they continue efforts to surround cities such as kharkiv. a senior u.s. official tells me the u.s. believes russia is still several days from being able to surround the capital, kyiv. and after that, faces a protracted battle to occupy the city itself. >> our analysts assess putin is unlikely to be deterred by such setbacks and may escalate. we assess putin feels aggrieved the west does not give him proper deference and perceived this is a war he cannot afford to lose. >> as russia's forces have stalled, they have increasingly targeted the civilian population, following a

time-worn russian strategy it pursued ruthlessly in chechnya in the 1990s and more recently in syria. at least 474 civilians including 29 children have been killed since the invasion began. this according to the u.n. human rights office. and a further 861 injured. though the u.n. believes the true figure is likely to be, quote, considerably higher. jim sciutto, cnn, lviv. >> perspective from someone on the broadcast since the war began with detailed explanations for why russia's military has operated the way it has. military analyst mark hertling joins us. general hertling, while the convoy north of kyiv appears to be stalled, the russians are making a push from the northeast of the city. do you think the russians will be able to surround kyiv? >> they may be able to surround it, anderson, but they're not going to be able to do much more than that. this force is stalled. they are slow on the offensive. they haven't massed their

forces. their maneuver is extremely clumsy. they don't have unity of command. they're coming in from three different directions. and most importantly, they don't have a large enough force to accomplish the many missions they're wanting do. not just in the north, but throughout ukraine. this is what i have been saying from the very beginning. this operation for a savvy, rehearsed, practical force that had done this before. but this force is not that one. they have problems at the operational level. their generals are high bound, they're corrupt, ill trained. these are all things i've been saying. they're not trained in the operational art and don't practice large scale maneuvers like we're seeing right now. we've seen before the war -- remember all the films we were seeing with tanks going across large plain areas and all that. those weren't training events. those were not exercises. those were demonstrations. i've seen those multiple times in moskow and in europe when

working with russian troops. but more importantly their soldiers, their troops are poorly led. they don't have an nco cord to discipline them. they don't get enough training repetition in their one or two-year conscription grid and don't adjust to mission-type orders. so they get on the road as i said so many times before nose to butt in their vehicles and they just keep rolling. you add to that -- let's add one more thing to all that. these troops have been under harsh conditions in ukraine for two weeks now in combat with an enemy going after them, and, oh, by the way, they started several months ago in belarus in horrible field conditions with bad food, a bad resupply and that indiscipline from the commanders. so i could go on and on about what i've observed in the russian force both at the general officer level and at the soldier level.

but i've been saying from the beginning this is going to be a slog for the russians. >> so the ukrainian air forces are still reportedly able to fly. i'm not sure how many, you know, jets they still have. u.s. intelligence said today that nearly the entire airspace of ukraine north and south is under some umbrella of russian missile capacity, so given what you're saying ability, you know, the status of russian forces, is that what it's just going to now be, missile attacks, air attacks? >> well, what i think the cia director was talking about today was an air defense zone. they had multiple layers of air defense. that's the stuff from the ground up that allows their planes to fly and enemy planes not to fly. but we've seen ukrainian planes flying pretty well. they've had some pretty good contact. what we've also seen, the same thing i can say about the russian ground troops, the troops that are maneuvering on the ground we can say for the

russian air force, they do not get the same number of flight hours that the u.s. air force gets. they don't have the same kind of precision munitions. one of the things the cia director confirmed today is that they are dropping dumb bombs, very few precision weapons. that's why they're not hitting the targets. they may be aiming at civilian facilities, but they're hitting things with 500-pound dumb bombs that have no precision, so they may have an excuse for why they're not violating war crimes. it's because they don't have the precision to hit the targets they're aim at, but there's no military targets in the area. so the same thing i would say about the russian ground forces you could say about the russian air forces. >> really fascinating. general, i appreciate it. coming up, a moment of beauty worth cherish in the ugliness of the nearly last two weeks. that is next. rayna can enjoy whererever,

she's headed next. that's the planning effect, from fidelity.

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if you've been watching the program since the war began and you know -- you've come to know as we have a ukrainian mom.

she's joined us several night as she keeps her young kids as safe as she can in a kyiv basement while the bombs fall outside in the city and her husband has volunteered to fight. it would be truly understandable for the people of ukraine to forget or not think about the fact this is international women's day. but the significance of this day shined with a simple gesture. elena held her 4-month old daughter as she livestreamed her joy. >> as you can see we have some flowers here. where are the flowers? here are the flowers. the flowers of the spring. so the local authorities of my neighborhood decided to congratulate all the women who stay in kyiv. this is celebrated here at the

women's day. it was very nice. some man in the uniform brought us flowers to congratulate the girls with this holiday. people keep asking why, me myself i keep asking why. but this is the way how we feel we should do. we cannot just give up. if we give up our cities otherwise what's the sense of fighting? we could have gave up on the first day, there would be no casualties, no destruction. i mean so many people already died because of us, for the sake of us. so how can we just -- how can we just give up and leave? well, the flowers, that's very nice. >> very nice, indeed. in recent days we've seen that strength of mothers and that spirit of love waiting for ukrainians who escaped to poland.

take a look. empty strollers, these were left at the train station near the border reportedly by polish mothers and volunteer groups. they are there for refugees to use for their babies after they left home and nearly everything else behind. coming up, more from the war zone, more on the soaring refugee crisis as the number of evacuees reaches -- tops 2 million. i'll be joined by tom freedman from "the new york times" as our coverage continues from ukraine. , including two woworld-renownd academic medical centers, in boston, where biotech innovates s daiy and our doctors teach at harvard medical school, and where the physicians doing the world-changing research are the ones providing care. there's only one mass general brigham. i've always focused on my career. but when we found out our son had autism, his future became my focus. lavender baths always calmed him.