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tv   Anderson Cooper 360  CNN  March 18, 2022 6:00pm-7:00pm PDT

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naval officer and proudly served. very honored to have been able to do that. so, i think it's important that in life -- and we realize that life is really, really short. one, it's never too late. and two, always follow your dreams. and just seeing what's going on over here, the destruction of this magnitude of the dreams just being ripped away, the loss, the sorrow, the pain, the suffering, i can't just sit by idly. i became a doctor to help those in need. i've had a calling to always be there to somehow help ease pain and suffering. it was a no brainer. >> well, i'm so glad you're there, and i appreciate you talking to us tonight. and to be able to have the skills and be able to save people's lives and help people is an extraordinary thing. thank you. i appreciate it. >> absolute honor.
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thank you. >> what a wonderful person. coming up, a look at what we know about vladimir putin's inner circle, who is advising him, and who he trusts. plus a conversation with fareed zakaria about president biden's s conversation with president xi.
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gonna be eleven even, buddy. really? the clues are all around us! some things are too obvious to be a coincidence. we have an update on the russian air strike on the military base in mykolaiv. cnn has identified two locations that were hit. a reporter says the bombs destroyed several barracks. rescuers have been using shovels and their bare hands trying to free survivors. dozens of troops have been reported killed, with one soldier saying he believes as many as 90% of the troops in his troops, some 200 troops in his barracks across from him, did not surveilive. again, that's his estimate, one
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person's estimate. it is not a fact. this is only part of a picture that includes a number of notable injuries though at a cost of russian forces on the ground and significant russian casualties. for more on this, i'm joined by cnn's fred politen. >> i think one of the interesting things we're seeing on this evening is that it's happening in several locations. first and foremost, the ukrainians are telling kyiv, for instance, they believe they've halted the russians there, pushing them back in certain areas chls also mykolaiv they believe they're making headway also. also in places in the north like kharkiv where they were having a lot of trouble, the ukrainians think they're making significant headway and causing damage to the russians. >> reporter: another blow to vladimir putin's military. ukrainian forces claiming they ambushed this convoy of russian
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airborne troops. while cnn cannot independently verify the information, russian state tv for the first time acknowledged that a senior airborne commander and several soldier versus been killed. while still outgunned, the ukrainians feel they might slowly be turning the tide. the armed forces of ukraine continue to deliver devastating blows at groups of enemy troops who are trying to consolidate and hold the captured defensive line, a ukrainian spokesman says. the ukrainians say they are launching counterattacks against russian troops, this video showing an antitank guided missile taking out a russian armored vehicle. they claim they've killed more than 14,000 russian troops and shot down more than 110 combat choppers. cnn can't confirm those numbers, but the russians haven't updated their casualty figures in more than two weeks. instead claiming what they call their, quote, military special operation, is going as planned.
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russia's defense ministry released this video of helicopter gunships allegedly attacking a ukrainian airfield. still, vladimir putin clearly feels the need to rally his nation, making a rare appearance at a massive rally atmos moscow main stadium where a strange technical glitch cut off his stream, but not before he praised russian troops. >> translator: the best proof is the way our boys are fighting in this operation, shoulder to should e, supporting each other, and protecting each other like brothers, shooting each other with their bodies in the backfield. we haven't had this unity for a long time. >> reporter: but the russians appear to be so angry at u.s. and allied weapon shipments to ukraine, they vowed to target any deliveries interesting ukrainian territory. and they're hitting strategic targets as well, firing several cruise missiles at an airplane repair plant near lviv.
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while a russian cruise missile dropped on a residential building in the capital kyiv after being shot down by ukrainian air defenses. former world heavy weight boxing champ and brother of kyiv's mayor vladimir klitschko pleading for more help. >> this is genocide of the ukrainian population. you have to act now. stop passively observing and stop doing business with russia. do it now. >> reporter: the biden administration has said more aid and weapons are on the way, as ukrainian forces continue to put up a fierce fight, preventing russia's troops from further significant gains. >> and the ukrainian president, volodymyr zelenskyy tonight warning the russians to draw back or face even more bloodshed. we stand here at the end of three weebs of this war, and we've said it throughout the entire course of this week, the russians still have not taken a single major population center. you still have the severe
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civilian casualties. >> fred pleitgen, thank you so much. we saw vladimir putin on a grandiose scale in a stadium rally in moscow. it is in contrast to the way the world is accustomed to seeing him, alone at the end of very long tables, which calls back to the cold war, kremlinology, trying to determine who leads who, who has the leader's ear, and who drives the thinking. explain to us who is in the inner circle of vladimir putin. >> so, couple of qualities. one, it's a small circle, and it tends to favor the heads of the military services and the intelligence services. so, let's begin with the equivalent of their joint chiefs of staff, he is the chief of staff of the russian armed
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forces. long military history under putin's rule going back to the war in chechnya, also to the first invasion of ukraine in 2014. of course a warning sign there, he's been in charge of some of the most ruthless russian military operations. and we've seen that his fingerprints on the operations we're seeing now underway in ukraine. also in that tight circle is the defense minister, sergey. he has been mentioned as a possible successor to putin down the line, whenever putin chooses to leave office, if he does. he's also someone who has a close personal relationship in terms of how they travelled. they were recently on a hunting trip together. and those pictures shown publicly to show some of that personal closeness as well. then you go to two senior people in the security services, both of whom have a history with vladimir putin back to his kgb days in st. petersburg, then known as leningrad.
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one is nicolai, chairman of the russian security council, the secretary of it. he's the equivalent of a national security adviser. he's the one who spoke to jake sullivan earlier this week. he is a very hardline anti-western leader. and in that famous meeting just a couple of weeks ago where you saw putin in effect grilling his top advisers, patricia was the one who said the goal was to break up russia. he shares the same paranoid view of the west in america's intention when it comes to russia. and the fourth person in the circle is the current head of the fsb, the successor of the kgb, alexander abo. putin likes to talk to his intelligence services and uses them with a very heavy hand. one other point i would add anderson is that u.s. intelligence officials have seen the decision making of putin
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change through the years. he used to operate something like the ceo with a board of directors, listening, consulting, and making the final decision. more and more the decision making falling on the shoulders of one man, putin himself. >> are all these people -- are any of these people on the outs given the way things have been going on the ground in ukraine? >> that is something that u.s. intelligence agencies and the military are watching very closely because putin is not someone who takes responsibility for his own failures. he will find fall guys. and there is attention now on the fsb, in particular. that would bring up a guy like -- because it was the fsb who presumed told putin it is going to be easy victory. it has not been. their intelligence has been wrong, at least to this point three weeks into the conflict. if you look at the defense minister and then the chairman of the joint chiefs of staff, their military advertised as
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quite strong as proven at least again in the first three weeks to be something of a paper tiger. so, u.s. agencies are watching very closely to see if they are drummed out, publicly berated, that kind of thing. that may not happen in the midst of the military or the peak of the military conflict, but it's something they're watching very closely. >> jim sciutto, appreciate it. fascinating. i want to get to james clapper, retired air force lieutenant general and former director of national intelligence. do you see any vulnerabilities in the leadership structure that putin has assembled around him? >> well, in terms of their job security, i don't. although knew risch kin was the one who was publicly humiliated not too long ago, dressed down in public by putin. but jim gave a really good description of the inner circle.
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and the fact that bortnikov and pe true shef have been with putin for at least -- in their positions at least for 2008. so, they have long-entrenched. and the other comment i would make is that the intelligence officials who were singled out for house arrest were subordinates of bortnikov. but bortnikov himself seems to have skated through this at least for now. conventional wisdom seems to be if there is to be a change in leadership, a coup of some sort, that it would come somehow from this group. and frankly right now, i don't see that because i think these people have been with putin for a long time. and they are in the same mindset as he is. >> it was interesting to see vladimir putin holding this
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massive public rally today at a stadium in moscow, given how isolated he has been. there was this large crowd. we learned the russian authorities had bussed people in according to reports from a number of people who were there pressuring people to attend. what do you think putin was trying to achieve with this rally? i mean, was this something that hit the people around him would put on to lift his spirits? or is he trying to send a message of unity? >> i think you hit on it. that's my theory, that the people around him arranged this and he had to -- he was prevailed upon to exercise his duty by showing up. this is so out of character for the way he's been the last couple of years, physically isolated, as we've seen. the meetings at the end of the long table and all that. so, i wonder whether this wasn't done to boost his morale more
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than anything else. >> president biden had an almost two-hour conversation today with chinese president xi. he is said to have warned the chinese that they would face significant consequences if they were to offer any support to russia. we don't know, obviously, the details of what those consequences would be or what the president said they would be. how important are these kind of calls in terms of actually influencing a leader like xi? >> well, a lot of them are proforma. this one, i think, is probably a little different. this is a very substantive -- i'm sure was a very substantive conversation, frank and candid, as they say. and given the historical juncture where we are right now, so i think this is very substantive. that's going to be very interesting to see what the chinese do. they don't like to be told what to do. and i'm sure president biden was
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pretty stark in laying out what the consequences would be. i'm going to go out on a limb here. my own theory is that i think the chinese are going to treat the russians somewhat analogously to the way they treat the north koreans. they will do some things to help them, but they won't do everything that the russians want. and i can't conceive that xi and the leadership in china that surrounds him, his inner circle, want to see chinese equipment being used against the ukrainian people. i just don't think they'd be comfortable with that. i do think they'll provide non-lethal assistance, food for the troops, that sort of thing. i could be wrong. but that's my theory right now. >> it was interesting, fascinating detail. italian commander telling ivan watson telling some of the russian troops that they have apprehended or killed, they found that the meals that they
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had, the pre-packaged food they had was in some cases extremely old, years old, which gives you a sense of the logistical problems they're having, which is why they're asking the chinese for mres, according to u.s. officials. up next, don lemon joins me to preview his exclusive interview with lloyd austin, why austin believes ukraine has made missteps. we'll talk to don in just a moment. later we'll elaborate on director clapper's with fareed zakaria.
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at bath fitter, every quality bath starts with quality people. our consultants help you choose from hundreds of bath options so we fit your style. our installers complete your work in as little as a day so we fit your schedule. our manufacturing team custom crafts your bath so we fit your standards, and it's guaranteed for life. when you can trust the people who create your new bath, it just fits. bath fitter. visit bathfitter.com to book your free consultation. now to don lemon's exclusive interview with u.s. defense secretary lloyd austin. president biden will be in brussels. secretary austin already stopped there this week, one of three european countries he visited trying to keep the european
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strong. don lemon spoke with the secretary at length in bulgaria today. you'll be seeing the full interview later tonight on "don lemon tonight." don joins us now with a preview. what did he tell you, don? >> anderson, we talked about. and as you can imagine, the secretary of defense is -- this is the busiest time for him. there is an actual war going on. and what he's trying to do, he's trying to assure our allies and the nations and states in this area that nato is with them, that the united states is with them, and that they will do anything to defend those countries. he is still -- he still believes that there is an offramp for vladimir putin, although vladimir putin doesn't seem to want an offramp right now. he seems to want to continue to do what he is doing. but a very busy time for him. we followed him to two different countries. we were in bulgaria. we were in slovakia as well. and he sat down with us actually as he was meeting troops, just after meeting troops and before getting back on the plane.
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here it is. >> the u.s. has made it very clear that they don't want to be involved in a process of giving jets to ukraine. now, do you support other countries doing it or either encourage -- either encourage other countries to do it as long as there's no u.s. involvement? >> don, what other countries do, i mean, that's their choice. and the united states certainly does not stand in the way of other countries providing assistance. but, again, we're going to remain focused on those things that we know are making a difference. and what's making a difference in this fight for the ukrainians is the provision of antiaircraft systems, the provision of armored -- antiarmor systems. and also other things that have been effective are the deployment of drones. so, you heard the president say most recently what we're doing,
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the kinds of things we're providing. he just -- we just signed -- just provided authorization to provide an additional billion dollars of security assistance. that's remarkable. >> what is your assessment of rust forces now? are they stalled? are they regrouping so they can increase their assault or increase violence on ukraine? what's your assessment of the russian military? >> well, it's hard to tell, don. i think they have not progressed as quickly as they would have liked. i think they envisioned they would move rapidly and very quickly seize the capital city. they've not been able to do that. they've struggled with logistics. so, we've seen a number of missteps along the way. i don't see, you know, evidence of good employment, of tactical
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intelligence. i don't see integration of air capability with the ground maneuver. so, there are a number of things that we would expect to have seen that we just haven't seen. and the russians really have had some -- have presented some problems. so, many of their assumptions have not proven to be true, as they enter this fight. >> the president is speaking with xi jinping. and we are getting reporting that russia has been asking china for drones and for help. what happens -- do you think china will stay out of this? and what happens if they don't? >> well, again, don't want to speculate or get involved in hypotheticals. i would hope that china would not support this despicable act by putin. i would hope that they would recognize a need to respect sovereign territory.
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and so hard to say what they will do. but, you know, we've been clear that if they do that, we think that's a bad choice. >> you also asked the ambassador about the potential of russian forces to use chemical or nuclear weapons. >> yeah, the intelligence shows that the u.s. and nato believe that vladimir putin will use nuclear weapons and then try to falsely blame the ukrainians. the secretary of defense said there will be a strong, very strong, international response if that does happen. and anderson, as you know, there's article v. in nato, there's article v. an attack on one nato nation is an attack on all. the u.s. does not want to be involved in a direct conflict with russia, but if they use chemical weapons or small nuclear weapons they believe they would use, i think that
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that could possibly lead to an escalation and quite frankly a direct involvement in this conflict. >> appreciate it. thanks so much. look forward to the interview. that will be on right after "360." remember you can watch the full interview on "don lemon tonight." starts at 10:00 p.m. eastern right here in just a couple of minutes. we'll be right back. just ahead, a very important video call between president biden and china's leader about the russian war effort. we'll have an in depth look at the close relationship xi jinping and russia's vladimir putin and the details on that call.
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with the death toll rising, ukrainian and president biden held a call with china's president. he warned xi jinping about consequences if he should help putin. report on a friendly relationship between the two leaders that the u.s. hopes to upend. >> reporter: a friendship on full display, china's xi jinping hosting his northern leader and fellow autocrat vladimir putin in 2018. the pair happily sampling together a traditional chinese pancake. a few months later they made a russian version of the dish, complete with caviar and vodka. they visit pandas together and have taken in an ice hockey
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team. the coe zee china/russia relationship resulting in 38 face-to-face meetings. the pair has communicated more than 100 times, including phone calls and letters. >> translator: putin is also my best and dearest friend. for me, he is a good partner and a good friend that i can count on. >> reporter: both men nearing 70 but showing no desire to step aside. xi and putin have worked to eradicate leadership in their countries, consolidating power. they've aligned their countries closer to one another, conducting joint military exercises, and sharing a common adversary, the u.s. >> what putin and xi jinping have in common here is actually the desire to undercut u.s. credibility, to drive a wedge between washington and its allies. >> but russia's messy invasion of ukraine has president joe biden turning to china, hoping
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xi may be able to help end russia's war. according to chinese state media, cctv, xi told bide nn a virtual meeting friday that china and the u.s. have a responsibility to work for peace, saying the world is neither peaceful nor tranquil, the ukraine crisis is something we do not want to see. the u.s. worrys that any economic or military support china sends to russia has the potential to change the balance on the battlefield and could sting of russian sanctions. the white house said friday's discussion included the two leaders agreeing to maintain open lines of communication. china may see this as an opportunity to brandish its credentials as a player capable of solving a geopolitical crisis. >> neither leaning towards russia or ukraine and instead trying to present itself as a
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mutual third party. >> american officials have warned china will pay a price if it circumvents sanctions to do business with russia or helps putin militarily. >> china has to make a decision for themselves about where they want to stand and how they want the history books to look at them and view their actions. >> that was david culver reporting. we'll get perspective from fareed zakaria. fareed, you've heard the president excetelling xi what t consequences could be. but the white house is still concerned china could help russia. do you think a call like this makes any difference to china's calculation? >> i think it makes an enormous difference. it was a very important call. i'm glad the president made it. he seems to have laid out exactly what he needed to, which was quite explicitly how the united states would view this as an act of collaboration and would punish china accordingly. as we talked about yesterday,
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anderson, united states has the lethal weapons it can use. it has the dollar, the financial system, all of that that china relies on. and it has energy. china is the largest importer of liquified natural gas in the world. the u.s. is the world's largest producer of hydrocarbons. these are all powerful, powerful weapons. the fundamental question china has to decide, it has always argued what it is seeking is a peaceful, tranquil world, a world with civility, a world with which people can trade, can work in the world economy. this is a huge challenge, the russian invasion of ukraine. there are some hints in some of the language that david mentioned that, you know, this is not a peaceful and tranquil world. the u.s. and china must work together. the foreign affairs ministry talked about a similar thing, about the u.s. and china maybe helping to solve this crisis. this is reading tea leaves too much, but i do think that the chinese have inched a little bit
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away from the kind of hostile attitude towards the u.s. where they were blaming the u.s. for everything and more toward one that says, let's try to find a way out of this crisis. >> director clapper, in our last segment, was saying he thought impossible that china might try to provide non-lethal assistance to vladimir putin, for meals ready to eat, which clearly shed the logistical problems the russian forces are having on the ground in ukraine. he thought it less likely that they would provide military weaponry, not wanting to have chinese vehicles being seen taking part in the war against ukrainian civilians. >> yeah, i think that is most likely the chinese have tried to be the world's great free rider in its national affairs. they want the security that they have massively benefitted from,
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but they don't want to get too involved. so, they don't want to help russia too much. they don't want to help solve the problem and help ukraine too much. so, likely what you're going see is something like that. people who think china is going to be the country that will pressure russia or broker peace talks, that's very unlike the chinese style. they haven't done that -- that would be a real leap. real military into russia, again, that would be a real leap. it's possible they could do something under the guise of humanitarian support. even the mres because that goes directly throughout the russian army. i would be surprised if they do that. i think they are going to try to maintain this very awkward balancing act. but i do think it comes at a price for them, anderson. their reputation is not -- to start has not been very good in the last two years. and there's only -- but david's report pointed to a very central point here. we also talk about the relations
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between countries. this is a relationship between two people, two roughly 70-year-old dictators who seem to rather like each other and like the way in which they can rely on the other. it's very easy to deal with a country where one guy has all the power. and this seems to be -- there's a personal bond element here. and that makes this slightly unpredictable. >> if china truly wanted to try to persuade putin to end this invasion, does anyone actually have that kind of power with vladimir putin? >> i don't think so. putin has gone too far. in this case, i think he realizes that the cost for him of a humiliating fiasco is very high. so, i doubt very much that he would be influenced by china or anybody else. look, on the margin, it can make a difference.
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if there was a gap in the negotiation, you know, and they were serious about it and you were trying to -- you were getting down to, you know, a few tech technicalities maybe. but basically the problem that putin faces right now is the goals that he had outlined that he was going to achieve, the fantasy of a ukraine that would become a little brother to russia, had been completely exploded. ukraine has shown itself to be proudly, defiantly independent, free, democratic, and increasingly deeply anti-russian. you know, vladimir putin has created an independent nationalist, proud ukraine. and, you know, the problem with that is that is the opposite of what he was trying to do. he was trying to create a pro-russian ukraine. that feels like a war he has lost no matter what happens on the battlefield. >> fareed zakaria, appreciate
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according to polish authorities today, at least 2 million ukrainians escaping the war have now crossed into poland. joni ernst is leading a bipartisan delegation of non-senators to visit poland in germany. joining us from poland is cnn's ed lavandera. what are you hearing from refugees crossing the border in poland? >> reporter: hey sh anderson. what has struck me here today is hearing stories. we've spoken with many refugees who have been arriving. and they're coming from the eastern part of ukraine. some of the most decimated areas, some of the citys that have seen some of the worst warfare now for three weeks. and what we hear over and over again is that many of the people who are arriving here have endured all this. they had hoped they could just wait it out, things would come to an end and they wouldn't have
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to flee their country. we spoke to two women who arrived tonight. one of them was traveling with her 6-year-old child. her daughter doesn't understand war. they told her they were going to take a trip to poland just like so many of her other friends have been doing in recent days. that's how they managed to keep a smile on the young girl's face. when we talk to them, you know, we're seeing these refugees who have seen the very worst parts of this war so far. >> translator: we hoped that everything would work out. we didn't want to leave our home. four rockets -- right? four rockets hit our area. every day, every minute, every second. it's just terrible for everyone, ourselves, for our children rkts for our families and loved ones. we still have relatives back home. our grandmother, who is 100 years old, was too feeble to be physically removed.
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>> and anderson, one of the things that struck us is that the amount of time and the path that these people have to go through to get to safety here in poland is becoming more and more treacherous. you know, early on it might be that people have been traveling for 24 hours or so. but now we're starting to hear stories of people taking several days to get across the country. that really speaks to just how dangerous and treacherous that path is right now. >> ed lavandera, appreciate it. the most remarkable images we've seen from this conflict come from photojournalists. coming up next you're going to see some photos from one of the world's great photojournalists about what we saw through his lens here in lviv and with refugees leaving the country. it listens, learns, adapts and anticipates your every need. with intelligence...
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that rarely make headlines. a friend of this program, david turnly, one of the best photographers in the world, he has been kind enough to share some of what he has captured, documenting what his largest movement of refugees in the european continent since world war ii. ♪ ♪
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it's remarkable what he can capture through his lens. david turnley, thank you for that. we'll be right back. while it's more unpredictablb, its possibilities are endless. from paying your peoplee from anywhere to supportrting your talent everywhere, we use data driven insights to design hr solutions and services to help businesses of all size work smarter today. so, they can have more success tomorrow. ♪ one thing leads to another ♪
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staying with cnn from the latest from ukraine. don is in bulgaria tonight. >> today just after we got off the air last night, russian missiles came within 43 miles of the polish border. that is very close to a nato country and as i was speaking to the secretary of defense today, there is concern about that and about, obviously, a direct confrontation with a nato nation. that does