>> witnessing these things, reminds us when we have a healthy national park, eventually, the animals behave as if we are not here. we need to take care of the wilderness. the united states of america. what a weird name for a country. most countries have one-word names. a few syllables. not us. ours is a negotiated settlement. which it was, except not everyone here was invited to the negotiation table. this episode is about those

folks. the indigenous people of this land who want their land back. >> whose land? >> our land. >> whose land? >> our land! >> reporter: if many americans, mount mushmore is one of america's most awe inspiring symbols. like a giant apple pie wrapped in a kid rock tee shirt. but for others, it's a reminder this country was intended to be whites only. as we talk about the removal of controversial monuments and statues, mount rushmore is a part of that. located in the black hills of

western south dakota, it has become an epicenter in the battle of who are the rightful inhabitants and caretakers of the land known as the united states of america. >> i'm letting you go first. >> reporter: these two have a lot to say about it. this is nick tilson and crystal two bulls. she is also a military veteran. we met at the entrance of mount rushmore park. an indigenous run non-profit fighting to get indigenous lands back into indigenous hands. >> our people call this a sacred site that they blew up to carve the faces of four presidents into it. >> wow. of all the places to put that. >> you can see they have turned it into a tourist attraction. >> reporter: as the indigenous folks say, since time immemorial, this land has been

their home. the black hills specifically was home to more than 50 indigenous communities. and in 1868, the united states signed the fort larime treaty designating the land for the use and occupation of the great sioux nation which is dozens of tribes. this land, first of all, is your land. indigenous land. even after that, mount rushmore is treaty land. >> it is in those treaties that people don't get to come on those lands without consulting us and having conversation and consent from us. >> reporter: but before they could try, the united states violated the treaty making the black hills a symbol for resistance and a call to return stolen land. >> literally every single treaty that has ever been signed with native people has been violated in some way, shape, or form. all of them. all of them. they call mount rushmore the

shrine of democracy. when really, it is the shine of hypocrisy. because a lot of people don't know that article six of the u.s. constitution states treaties are the supreme law of the land so when they violate treaties, they violate the constitution. >> reporter: let's make something absolutely clear. when the united states signed hundreds of land treaties with sovereign indigenous nations and then broke all of those treaties, the united states violated its own constitution hundreds of times. recently, the indian collective launched a land back campaign demanding that the united states government honor broken treaties and return mount rushmore to the management and stewardship of native peoples. like it was since time immemorial. >> so talk about what is the goal of the land back movement? >> it is simple. it is about reclaiming indigenous lands and getting land back into indigenous hands and to reclaim everything stolen from us.

when we were forcefully removed. >> a huge part of the land back movement has a strong premise around dismantling white supremacy. because all the systems that have been put in place that made it possible for the stealing of our land is the very systems that are in place to make it possible to keep our lands. >> we were fully thriving economies and societies and communities precolonization. so who we are. our spirituality, our culture, our language. our lifeways, our ceremonies. our kinship systems. education, health care, housing, food care systems are all based on this here. so land back is that. literally reclaiming those lands so we can reestablish those relationships ands we can foster and create a world that is actually inhabitable for all peoples. not just us. >> reporter: now some people don't seem to get what this land really means to the

lakota. why it is so valuable to them. but that speaks to this country's screwed up definition of value. ultimate value is when no amount of money can buying in. like, how much are your memories worth? how much can i give you for your grandma? oh? no amount? that the lakota understand this. >> does that mean at the core of it, land back wants the whole country back? >> that's a whole question. >> i'm here to ask the big question. >> on record? question. >> yes, native people want all of our land back in this country. and the conclusion that people jump to, that that's a bad thing is the wrong conclusion. >> so to the person siting in their house and they are hearing the land back. we want all the land back. they are like, but i like my house and i know it sounds like a ridiculous question but people have fears. >> it is about justice and equity for all people so the assumption we are coming for individual's lands, we are expecting them to treat us the

way we have been treated is ironic. >> you colonize me, i colonize you.. >> that's not what we are here for. >> or when you hear white people are concerned about reparations for black people. that we will do slavery 2.0. >> it's not about that. >> reporter: south dakota governor kristi gnome whose administration has in large part been defined by attacks on indigenous people's sovereignty invited then president donald trump to speak at mount rushmore despite the objections of the indigenous folks in the area. in response, indian collective organized a protest claiming trump's rally was trespassing on native land. you can imagine how that went. not great. >> so what led you to have the action here? >> think about in the summer of 2020. many of us felt led to action

in summer of 2020. >> exactly. and it came to this culmination where trump going to tulsa on juneteenth originally was a slap in the face. and right after coming here to mount rushmore was another slap to the face. to the two peoples on these lands whose oppression upholds white supremacy. >> we made a call to make a stand. as you saw statues being toppled, confederate flags coming down. and then, you think about mount rushmore. it's not a statue you can take down or a flag you can lower. the only way to achieve justice in this situation was to return the land to the people. >> tell me about the day the action happened. what was it like? how did it feel? >> about 200 native people who gave us a little piece of the side of the ditch basically that says you can protest in there. >> so you both were arrested

here? >> oh yeah. this entire area turned into a militarized zone. you have the national guard. you have probably every single law enforcement agency that exists in western south dakota that was here and then some. >> got shot with pepper spray. i'm a veteran. so seeing this type of militarized response to unarmed civilians is insane. >> uh-huh. >> on u.s. soil. >> there were 21 of us arrested. >> where are your charges at? >> so, there was a proposal for nick's charge to be dismissed. >> so you're the one? >> yeah. >> lucky me. >> yeah. >> reporter: during the protest, nick took a national guard riot shield. when the shield was returned, the world police had been spray painted over and replaced by the slogan land back.

videos of the protest went viral as did the hash tag land back. >> reporter: now obviously, taking a cop's property is a crime, but for his actions, nick has been charged with four felonies and three misdemeanors. he is facing 16.5 years in prison. if those charges sound overly harsh, that was law enforcement's point. and remember, the fight for the return of the black hills had been going on since 1868. >> remember that broken treaty i talked about? >> reporter: during the civil rights movement of the 1960s , the american indian movement emerged. aim challenged u.s. policies trying to remove indigenous communities from the land and force them to assimilate. the movement inspired a wave of protests. and occupation across the country including mount

rushmore in summer of 1970. >> our people have never given up the fight for this land. you try to put native people in the past all the time instead of putting us in the present. right now, in society. today. you know. >> yeah. >> i actually believe the best days of my people. land back is a huge part of the answer for the future of the country. united shades of america is sponsored by ally. do it right. go to dcuniverse.com/milestone to learn how ally and dc are championing the next group of diverse comic creators. welcome to allstate where anyone who bundles their home

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tourism in the black hills a billion dollar business. it trades heavily on false characterizations of native folks. the 1990 western dances with wolves stars kevin costner who last samurais himself into a lakota. chase would prefer his people go where people go to hear his stories. i first met chase in 2017 in standing rock. no surprise, he was also holding it down at the mount rushmore protest in 2020. >> so, this is your first time coming to the dances with wolves exhibition? >> yes. i have seen the movie. it came out when i was 14 years

old. it was national holiday material. >> did you enjoy it at the time? >> yes. >> kevin costner got a lot of credit about casting real people from here. real natives. using the native languages. >> lakota languages. >> in the time, he was progressive. i imagine if you wash it now, it would probably not look the same. >> you know what i try to have my kids watch it. they just won't do it. the hero is a white guy. and the she-ro is a white woman. >> reporter: this is a complicated one. when dances with wolves came out, it was definitely celebrated for how it worked with the lakota nation for their depictions in the film. >> hold up, we would never ride a buffalo. >> that's not a thing? >> it is too dangerous. i guarantee you, we didn't have these so it is cinched up pretty good. a lot of risk involved. >> i really don't want to do this. but feels weirdly disrespectful. just feels like participating

in the con. >> feels like i'm participateing in the con? >> this is like when you watch the flintstones and they are riding dinosaurs. that is not exactly how it went down. but it makes a good story. >> reporter: the man who owns this place seems like a good guy. and chase does have good memories of the film even if his kids won't watch it. but he nows turning this into another tourist stop that freezes indigenous folks into a mythical past is not the goal. >> what are the most harmful stereotype that's tourism creates and supports about indigenous folk s? >> we have been villainized, object objectified. we have been fetishized. i have to get out there and dance with a flute. the stereotype is we need

somebody from outside of us to save us. these are our sacred lands. we need to make a move here in the black hills. but, we fell for a trick there. that doesn't mean that we stop there. >> as a black american, i know we have fallen for some tricks too. oh, i say and i say again, you been had. you been took. you been hoodwinked. bamboozled. run amok. this is what he does. some people call this hate speech. that's my malcolm x speech for the day. >> reporter: bamboozled. yep. u.s. signed and broke the fort laramie treaty because there was gold in them there hills. the sioux nation was removed by force. not even close to an even exchange. for 125 years, billions of dollars worth of gold was extracted through industrial

mining that has since closed. >> there we are. ready to do this? >> reporter: all that remains now is gold panning sites for tourists like this one run by friend to all rattlesnake randy. randy usually brings out people who want a bit of gold to take home. but today, he has a couple of secret shoppers. >> jump right on there. yep. >> now scoop some water up. >> work your way to the top. >> take your other hand, hang onto t. grab right onto the stick here. there you go. you are gold mining sir. >> oh, okay. i have another thing to add to my tax form. now i can put gold miner. >> there you go. >> so, how does it feel to be up here in the middle of this? >> i never in a million years thought that i would be here mining gold. >> yeah. >> there were people among the lakota nation who said look, maza z. we call this the yellow metal that makes them crazy. >> my kids have done these things where you mine for gold. but you are just doing that

activity. not connecting it to the bigger discussion of who was mining for gold. whose land was it? why did they get to take this gold? >> you can't forget history. it will repeat itself if you let it go. you need to bring it up and talk about it. >> yeah. >> custer came here in 1874. and over a billion dollars has been taken out of here. and you go to pine ridge, standing rock. wherever our people are living and it is destitute. timber, copper. here is where i start making us whole. >> so i just want to ask you, what are you thinking about as we sit here right now? >> i feel bad for everything that did go years ago. and i can't change what happened back then. >> we need to work something out. because, we have not been able to tell our stories. and, that is the only thing that can lead to a healing is

truth telling in the first place. >> reporter: he will not miss an opportunity to open the eyes of someone to the stories of his people. >> you think the united states government should turn some of the land back over? >> you can't always go by the past. because, things have changed. for us, land back has always been about having the united states honor its promises. >> reporter: in 1980, the united states supreme court ruled against the, oh, look here. the united states government. awkward. scotus acknowledged the seizure of the black hims was illegal and the fort laramie treaty was broken. the decision said a more ripe and rank case of dishonorable dealings will never in all probability be found in our history. slavery. the court ordered $100 million to be paid to the great sioux nation. since 1980, that original $100

million has grown to nearly $2 billion. but, despite the poverty they face t great sioux nation refuses the money now as they did then. because, the land was never for sale. >> wait a minute. >> look at that. >> oh. >> this is the beginning of reparations. >> i think we need more black folks and white folks sitting down. i'm happy to be present for this. >> i may have to smudge back on this. ...without worrying if it's too late or where you are. unlike older medicines, ubrelvy is a pill that directly blocks a protein

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since before western civilization existed, again, we are talking time immemorial. the lakota people have depended on the buffalo for everything. from food to clothing and shelter. and more than that, the buffalo is a part of their belief system, traditions, and sovereignty. so of course, if the late 1800s, the u.s. government systematically killed millions of buffalo across the country and forced the lakota onto

reservations. now on pine ridge reservations, there is a growing movement to return the lakota to their name sake. >> i will go get my rifle. >> reporter: lisa ironcloud is a hunter and forger bringing back ancestral style foods. >> ready? >> i'm as ready as you are. >> reporter: like the great plains buffalo. >> so which one is it that we will be getting? >> we will try to go after this one right here. >> looking this way? >> reporter: lisa has invited me on a buffalo hunt. and yes, every single part of the buffalo from nose to tail will be used. the hunt is run through the pine ridge park rangers who manage 900 wild buffalo on the reservation. >> how do you choose which is the one we will get? >> we usually get the two to four-year-olds. >> reporter: the rangers only sell a handful of hunting for a year so secure the herd for the future.

>> might want to jump up and just get ahold. stand up. >> yeah, this seems safe. >> safety third. >> reporter: you see me do a lot of things on this show. today, my job is to mainly stay out of the way. >> now? >> now. >> good job. good job. >> thank you. >> my heart is beat sing fast. >> mine is too and i had nothing to do with it.

>> reporter: missions accomplished. lisa got her buffalo and i stayed out of the way. good job, me. >> what would you say to people who just saw you walk up and shoot a buffalo? to people who get their meat from the grocery store. >> that's the difference between going to the grocery store and going out and hunting it. he is not just being kill today be killed. everything will be used. >> the hair, the skin. the horns. >> everything will be used. >> reporter: one buffalo can provide food for a few hundred people on the reservation. this all feels like the food apartheid we see in black neighborhoods. people were cut off from their traditional diets and dealt diets of salt, sugar, and carbs. sounds like the corner store. >> you took them down in one shot. your nickname must be one shot.

>> it could be. >> reporter: look at us. one shot lisa, and out of the way kumal. >> you will take a knife and go across that. very lightly. >> reporter: it is not only what her ancestors would have wanted, it is vital for the survival of the next generation. now i'm about to get a master class in butchery. >> we are going to remove the head? >> yep. >> our ancestors never had saws so we had to figure out how to remove the entire body without using a saw. most times, they had knives that weren't very big. so they were very tiny. >> you want to let him try? >> oh yeah, sure. come on this side. okay? i just want you to start slicing down. just like that. yep. >> so you want to feel where you are cutting, too.

occasionally take a break. use your fingers. it is all about feeling when you are butchering. >> all right? >> okay. >> so here, let me grab this. >> it is like cutting the umbilical cord. >> basically. >> there you go. there you go. >> oh. >> you got it. >> oh jesus. >> yep, yep. >> reporter: it is a messy business, but it is done with care, expertise, and concern. now time to sit down for a nice juicy buffalo steak. just kidding. i'm having bile. >> how do you feel about this? >> i grew up on ground beef and hot dogs so this is new territory for me. >> ready? >> so, this is the bile. this is something our ancestors used to do. a long time ago, when ever we

needed nutrients, we got them where we could get them. >> reporter: yep, a multivitamin for indigenous folks with limited sources of calories. >> and that little sack of pile is jam packed. that's why what is going to hit you will be like. but it is good for you. i promise. >> it will hit me like that so i shouldn't suppress that reaction if that is how i get hit? >> there you go. >> all right, all right, all right. yep. that's bile. >> that is bile. >> okay. you got it. >> so now, i'm just. >> just think it was doing its job not too long ago. >> whoa, yeah. that is different. it tastes like medicine. it tastes like medicine. >> reporter: and i found after i had it, i wasn't hungry anymore. >> oh! hey! >> i can't take more than three ounces of bile. i can't put that in my carry

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sized. i love how the president incorporates a president's interest. this president liked baseball. now who are these for? the tourists? i'm sure many a bored school field trip has come through. i could encourage every tourist to come through to do what i'm doing. don't just look at the statues. google the presidents and native americans. maybe we will all learn something together. >> reporter: hello andrew jackson. the 7th president. >> looks like he is in the eternals. it's a bird, it's a plane. it's super bigot oh whoa. a man nicknamed indian killer and sharp knife surely deserves a top spot on the list of worst u.s. presidents. i mean, we could keep looking up stuff. but i think that basically tells us all we need to know. i will take my hand off your shoulder. >> reporter: andrew jackson, you get an f.

>> martin van buran. native americans. the force behind the trail of tears. no wonder you wanted me to sit down for this one. the indian removal act. that's not good. indian removal? and an act for it? the indian removal act of 1830 grant the president authority to negotiate treaties which as we know, the united states has violated all the treaties. he gets an f. is there such a thing as an f minus? i think he gets an f minus. it's just all bad. and my butt is cold. there is like nothing good that came from this. >> reporter: yep, that's right. nothing good. and things haven't changed much. the legacy of these presidents' racist cologne policies continue. the government has never stopped making life harder on the reservation than it should be. like turning a blind eye under indigenous women under attack. >> no justice, no peace. >> reporter: but sunny red bear

and anita lou casey are part of a new generation of activists working on missing and murdered indigenous women. and created a data base for how police handle unsolved cases. >> what was your entrance into this work? >> it was more like my own story of abuse. and, to use that and to use my own voice to be able to uplift other voices. >> i'm a survivor of intimate partner violence. sexual assault, trafficking. been on the streets. so the question is what next? do i continue surviving or do i help other people survive and get us to a place where we can start thriving and imagining what thriving looks like. >> so what's the scope of your work? >> i think allison's cases are really good examples of that. this is one of them in my w cases and my family. she is one of the cases we are working on pretty hard right now. there are things like evidence in the evidence box that has never been looked at.

>> a lot of times the cases is unsolved because police are too busy to solve it. >> we went a whole year without a criminal investigator. so there is a stack of murders that never got started investigated because there is no one there to do it. >> there is the neglect of like, not having the resources that you need to protect your community. >> not just resources but jurisdiction. what's the point of the feds having jurisdiction if they are not going to use it? >> uh-huh. >> reporter: until a few years ago, u.s. laws didn't even allow them to try nontribal offenders for commits crimes on tribal land. >> i think the thing i'm taking away from this, is the indigenous community is not held in high regard by the government, by the united states government. then being an indigenous woman that if you are an abuser, of

course you would target indigenous women because you would be more likely to get away with it. are there things people can do to help? >> you can start anywhere and make a difference. like, with anything whether it was education, violence against women. mental health support. it is all connected and we need all of it. >> just the tip of the iceberg. the solutions are not just for native people to solve. it will take a community. it will take our nation to pay attention. >> reporter: indigenous groups report there are almost 6,000 cases nationally. but the missing person's data case only has 116 cases. they are working hard to make the doj's numbers make sense. and now there is more help. >> so help me god. >> reporter: in 2021, secretary of the interior deb holland of pueblo laguna, the first indigenous u.s. cabinet

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>> reporter: wind cave national park in the black hills is a sacred site for the lakota and just like mount rushmore. it is managed by the national park service. when these parks were created, suddenly, native folks weren't allowed to hunt and practice sacred rituals there. that has changed but they still have to ask permission. folks were removed from the land so i could have a picnic. ugh. if you think i got a problem with that, meet nick estes. >> how many more generations have to have their history taken from them and incarcerated? >> reporter: nick was at standing rock. he has a podcast called the red nation podcast and teaches indigenous histories to young people across the country. and he has a way with words.

>> is there a difference? are these bison are buffalo? >> white people call them bison. there's like, a whole thing about it. we get mad when people call them bison. >> reporter: today he is teaching to thing young person. >> this is the land of my ancestor.s. >> what keeps you here? >> we can't be a nation without the land. it is who we are. it is our identity. the ochete. >> okay. >> i promise to work on it. >> there is lakota, nakota people. we have not only something to

offer the land, but we have something to offer the society. we are not hated because we wear our hair long or have different color skin. we are hated because we represent a political alternative to the cynical and overtly white supremacist politics that are on offer right now. >> there is a term i heard recently, it is something about dominance. doctrine of discovery. the doctrine of discovery is a 15th century bull that divided the world between the christian, european nations, and the non-christian, non- european. >> reporter: it is an official decree from the pope. pope sends out the bull to let the people know what the pope wants. and the doctrine of a discovery

was a special one issued by pope nicholas the 5th in 1452. it encouraged the conquest of, get this, non-christian lands. that's a lot of papal bull. >> they said these people do not have souls, therefore, they do not possess their own bodies. therefore, they can be enslaved. >> reporter: and another was issued in 1943 around the time columbus sailed the ocean blue. and that brings us up to today. >> and so when they imported that to the americas, because it was decreed around the time christopher columbus was lost at sea. they discovered the indians. >> the west indians. >> but it came a way to justify. specifically to the united states. >> though we are not a catholic state. we are like, we like where you are going with that. >> so that has been the

foundation of federal indian case law since then. we are still technically by law words of the government, we have as much rights as the buffalo. we are in the same department as wildlife. department of interior. what is the symbol? it is a buffalo. so what other human group has their political and legal status equivalent to an animal? >> reporter: land back is how they are not waiting for the government to tell them how and where they can interact and take care of their ancestral lands. >> is reconciliation? >> it means to reconcile. as if there were good relations to begin with. i think it is a fundamentally flawed process led by the perpetrators themselves. reconciliation, there's a script. we haven't even gotten to the

truth part. >> uh-huh. uh-huh. >> because you don't know how many treaties. >> fair. fair. >> it has taken far too long. in the past two years there have been major land back victories. those who look like tribes buying back land or non-natives giving private property back to nations. tribes and federal agents work together as equals. what do you think about that? >> we are not just tragic people. we are human. and we can't remove that humanity from the struggle. it is a beautiful humanity. it is a beautiful struggle. it is a spectacular occupation. protest. violence and clashes with the state. and repression. all those things. what carries us forward, is you and i sitting on this land

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in the 1800s, the indigenous leader black elk prophesized that an economic, spiritual, and social renaissance would occur with the indigenous youth of the future. the future is now. the prophesy's time has come. there is a powerful movement of young folks on the pine ridge reservation looking to share the good news, the type of news that the media usually shares

out here. with nearly 50% of the pine ridge reservation falling under the age of 25, they are driving a new wave of activism, taking back indigenous land, culture, and rights and they are determined to define the future of pine ridge. i'm meeting the interns. >> do you all want to keep your masks on? >> following ms. vp. >> reporter: along with alicia muso, vice president of the pine ridge council and political adviser tasha friday. >> i will keep mine on. >> reporter: indigenous youth like devin and destiny are starting to peel back the layers of generational trauma largely by celebrating their pride in their lakota culture. a revolutionary act. it is a direct challenge to how in the past, the u.s. government made their cultures and traditions illegal. >> ever since i was little, i knew without my culture or my language, i don't know who i

would be. because, it defines me as a lakota. >> i feel like that is something i hear about how important it is to retain the language. >> with the elders, there was a fear especially of speaking and expressing their culturement they were punished for that. so it is kind of our job to bring it back. within my generation. >> let's talk about the land back movement.. >> it is not a movement. it's a lifestyle. we have to take care of the land or there is nothing for us. >> it is more of a relationship. we need to take care of the land and each other so that we can have future generations. seven generations ahead, right? >> blackoutsaid there was going to be a generation that would reclaim everything back. reclaim our identity, the land, the language, and the culture. and, he said that was going to

be the seventh generation. we are the seventh generation. >> so you two are not the future. you're the now. >> we choose to carry on these traditions and cultures. it is not just us. you can see around the whole world, there is a rise in young people to want change. to want things to be better for their own people. we walk this world just as you do. everything is struggling. we all have to come together and push through. >> reporter: we have to come past the idea that this country has a simple fairy tale history. >> this is my selfie using my ironic dissonance face. >> reporter: we have to recognize that the united states is still a new country. >> we come from fully thriving healthy economies and societies. so therefore, we know what is

possible. because we come from that. it is genetically in us, what is possible. >> reporter: and whatever mistakes and atrocities were done in the name of democracy, we have an opportunity to fix it. more than an opportunity. it is a responsibility. >> there is a ticking clock. we have a certain amount of time to change our ways. not just for the here and now, but for the future generations. >> reporter: and part of it begins with land back. >> i'm done with the victim hood. we need to uplift ourselves and radically build the future that is worth fighting for. >> and that's one of the cool things about the land back movement. it is a war cry for the liberation of our people. >> reporter: if that scares you, remember what nick says. >> the conclusion people jump to, that that is a bad thing is the wrong conclusion. >> for there to be repair and justice, we have to go back to

land back. we cannot move forward in this country without a conversation about returning indigenous lands. and, that's the bottom line. hello, welcome. you are watching cnn news room and i'm rosemary church. just ahead, we will take you inside a ukrainian hospital on the front lines where doctors work to save the lives of the war wounded while coming under attack themselves. the legal and political aftershocks keep rumbling from mar-a-lago. some shaken by the search itself. others by what was found. all the while exposing