the union represents united airlines pilots say the members rejected a contract. the union says pilots deserve better now that the airline is profitable once again. that's not the only labor issue for united these days. the airline says the demand for mechanics and other technicians is so great, they have launched the initiative to train thousands of new workers. cnn's pete muntean joins us with more. they're going to pay people to train for these jobs now. is that right? >> reporter: pay mechanics to

train on the job. that's the new approach for this new shortage. airlines need to hire 610,000 new mechanics globally in total over the next 20 years. united calls the program cele celebrate, and does it by have been people apresentition in-house. there's 6,000 on top of that through traditional hiring means. this is so critical, who has not waited on a plane from the airlines because of a mechanical issue? remember, airlines got smaller over the pandemic. united sell that calibrate is thei theically, to train on your own, $50,000. if you apresentics, you maybe $24 to $52 an hour, you get paid the entire time. there's so many labor shortages, we've been telling you about pilots. they have the avian academy,

airlines are trying to tackle this issue, especially with the holidays on the horizon. we know staffing issues have created a lot of delays. >> pete muntean, thank you. ♪ also the top of the hour, i'm bianna golodryga, victor is off today. the federal reserve is racing interest rates. fed chair jerome powell spokes just moments ago on the historic decision. >> raised our policy interest rate by 75 basis points. we continue to anticipate ongoing increases will be appropriate. so we still have some ways to go. incoming data since our last meeting suggests that the ultimate level of interest rates will be higher than previously expected. >> cnn's matt egan and rahel

solomon join me now. matt, what are we expecting? >> well, bianna, we are expecting interest rates to go higher. the question is how much higher and for how long? the federal reserve is moving with almost unprecedented speed here. they've been from zero interest rates to 4% in about eight months. we really haven't seen anything like that since at least the early 1980s. this is raising some concerns, because central bank policy hits the real economy with a lag. it actually takes many months before you actually feel it. it's like if you took pain medicine for a headache, you might not feel it right away, but it doesn't mean it's not working. so the concern is the fed may go too far and raise interest rates

too high, and cause a recession. everyone is wondering when the fed is going to slow the pace of interest rate hikes. jerome powell offered some hints how that could be coming soon. >> that's why i've had the last two press conferences, at some point it will be appropriate to slow the pace. that time is coming. it may come as soon as the next meeting or one after that. no decision has been made. >> reporter: that mean maybe they go to 50 basis points in december, but powell manufactured the speed is not as important as ultimately how long they have to go and how long they have to stay high. the other question is whether the fed moo pause here, take a minute, and see how much damage has been done and how much inflation has cooled off our not. on that point, powell went on to say he does not think it's time to pause. he said it's too premature to

even start talking or thinking about a pause, which i think is an interesting point. bianna, i think there's a bit of something for everyone. maybe the fed will slow down the pace of interest rate hikes, but clearly not ready to declare victory anytime soon. >> rahel, i think matt's analogy is appropriate, because the last time they raised rates, powell warned this may be painful for some americans as he goes through the process of lowering inflation. what should americans be expecting to see? >> it's a great point. it may be painful for some. for some it probably already is. we're already seeing the impact across borrowing different classes. for example, mortgage rates, as we know, they have more than doubled year. look at credit cards rates, they're about 18.7% on arches. i spoke to an analyst from bankrate this morning, he believes credit card rates will be approaches 19% as early as

next week. we have not seen that in about three decades, so that pain, some are already feeling that in terms of, one, by the way, these higher costs, and by the way, higher borrowing costs. so some are already feeling that, which is why some polit politicians, especially democrat, are suggesting to tap the brakes for now and see what happens. rahel solomon, matt egan, thank you both. a new poll shows the economy and inflation remain top of mind for voters. and even before today's rate hike, recession fears were growing. cnn's political director david chalian joins me now. how will it -- >> not only the, far and away the number one issue.

say it's the economy and inflation. the only other issue that cracks double digits is abores. that's way down at 15%, so this is an economy election. what i find so interesting is, when you look at it by party, you see a different issue matrix, depending if you're a likely democratic voter or republican. among democrats, abortion actually edges that out, voting rights, gun policy in double digits. republican likely voters, there's nothing going on for them but the economy. seven out of ten of them say it's the important issue. >> putting party aside, this post also shows that 75% of americans think the economy is in recession, but it is not. that's aed about headline for this administration and democrats. on that note, where does president biden's job approval stand? >> well, president biden's

numbers are upsidedown, which is no help to his party six days out. in this poll we have him in the low 40s. 42% among all americans 41%. 59% disapprove. he's down in the range of where donald trump was in 2018 and where ronald reagan was, and he's even ticked down from september and october. we had him at 44%, and he's ticked down. as the concern about the economy is a top of mind issue, continues to get more robust. >> he's juggling support for democracy, really. he's giving a speech tonight, a primetime speech. what does the polls show about where americans stand on that. >> the white house says the president doesn't have the luxury of just talking about the

economy or democracy. he needs to talk about both, but they understand this is an economy election. my sources inside the mouse sea they don't expect democracy to become a top issue, but it is an issue they need to be concerned about. half of americans in our poll, 50% are confident that the election results will instead reflect the will of the people, but half are not confident in that. of course, there are partisan divides. when you look at it by party, we see that among republicans, nearly six in ten, 59% are not confident. independents are a little more trust worthy and democrats the most of these partisan groups. >> david chalian, thank you for breaking it down for us. >> yeah. tom malinoski is running for congressman. thank you for joining us.

enthusiasm is way down from 2017. the number don't bode well for your party or for you. you're in a tough reelection in a swing district. what are you doing in these final days to turn these numbers and enthusiasm up? >> that's not my problem in the i think it's facing a much bigger enthusiasm gap. i can only talk about what i'm dealing with. i think it resonates with middle of the road voters. they have absolutely no plan to deal with it.

they do have a concrete plan. >> so it's not an et/or thing. they care about all these things. they want people in washington who are serious, adults, not extremists, and we're going to focus on practical st. louis. >> so let's talk about what you are up against in the 7th district. it is a tough reelection against tom kane, jr. you have repeatedly said you don't think democrats can keep hold of congress if you hold this district and this race. why? >> because i represent the median district in america. about half of the other districts are more republican, more are half democratic. we have a four-seat majority in the house, as you know. i'm one of those four, so we have to hold on to the seat. everybody knows that. that's why the republicans are

pouring millions of dollars from these super-pacs into the rate. >> why are democrats -- i know you got an unfusion of about $600,000, but that pales in comparison to the republicans, but some are reading into that as democrats really suggesting you're not going to win and they're factors that in already. >> well, no, all of our polls show a race that's exactly tied. not statistically, but exactly tied. we're getting a lot of support not frist the dccc, but the house majority pac, which is the other big democratic national organization. i have vastly outraised my republican opponent. when democrats nationally look at the balance, how much are we spending versus how much the republicans are spending, we're

roughly even in my district. there's some other places where things don't look quite as good. so i think that's why i'm not on the final list. this is going to come down to turnout in my district. the polls shows a tied race. where we have a huge advantage is that in this year, unlike 2020, and much like in 2018, we've got our army of volunteers out at the doors again. the republicans don't have that. >> look, it's clear that there are some headwinds you're facing that are out of your control, whether it's the economy, inflation, a goods prices, i get that. but there are some things that are problems you created for yourself. you're currently under an ethic says investigation after you failed to disclose stock trading, so my final question to you is, why should your stutz have faith and give you another show the? >> we delivered a bipartisan infrastructure bill. we cut the cost of healthcare,

we passed a bill on energy independence. we're actually trying to do something about cost of living for middle-class folks in the united states. the republicans are basically promising two years of marjorie taylor green and jim jordan and kevin mccarthy in charge, and last i checked, they don't have a plan to deal with inflation. my constituents want a government in washington, not a circus. they want moderation, they don't want maga. it's a very clear choice for them. you're right. nigh opponents is running on personal smears. he's actually not talking about the economy or inflation, because he doesn't have any answer to say that. i think we're winning on the economy, on the woman's right to choose, on democracy, the direction of the company. i look forward to another two years representing the swing district in the house of representatives. >> congressman tom malinowski,

thank for you your time. >> thank you. one top democrat is demanding answers from capitol hill police on how to better protect members of congress. and cnn obtains chilling 911 calls from a terrified robb elementary student classified in her classroom. here what she said and her parents' r response. that's up next. gain. ♪ ♪ we'll b build freelance teams with more agility. ♪ ♪ the old w way of working is deader than me. ♪ ♪ we'll scale up, and we'll scale down ♪ ♪ before you're six feet underground. ♪ ♪ yes, this is how, this is how we work now. ♪

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this just in, zoe lofgren just sent a letter to the chief of capitol police. she's demanding answers for security protection for the members of congress after the break-in at nancy pelosi's home. whitney wild joins me now.

i have this letter right here. what else is she laying out here in terms of her questions? >> basically what she's saying is what were the policies you said in place prior to this? were the policies follows? if there weren't any, why not? these are very direct, and they hit at the heart of some of the major questions. one of the questions she has is what is the relationship between the capitol police and the san francisco police department. we have lenders from sources, me and jamie gangel, there at one point was a san francisco police officer that did regular patrols, but that ended last year. the committee on administration is wondering what is the relationship? what was the memo of understanding? how is this supposed to work? do they train together? basically how do they work together to protect arguably one of the biggest targets in

american. furse congresswoman lofgren points out that the, there was a offer on the fbi's joint terrorism task force. that would have been san francisco as well as tampa. what this letter indicates is that offer was declined, which really would have put capitol police outside of the ability to get this real-time information about threats, that would be generating from san francisco and tampa. so that could have been a very crucial role, but for whatever reason, this letter indicates they declined that answer. congresswoman lofgren wants to know why. further and perhaps more importantly, capitol police have been saying for two years, the threats to members of congress have been heightened. they point out twice, that pelosi is the biggest target they deal with. effectively this letter says you know she's the biggest deal, maintains the biggest threat, she's second in line in the

succession to the presidency. how did this happen? we want very detailed answers, bianna. >> this comes note away as chief major issued a statement saying that the capitol police need more resources. you'll continue to follow this for us. thank you so much, whitney wild. cnn has obtained inclusive any. for the first time we're hearing the terror that a 10-year-old student went there. a warning that the call from khloie torres may be difficult to listen to. >> hello. [ inaudible ]

>> shimon prokupecz is here. you've been covering this story all day for you. and what strikes me, she's a little girl, how is she doing? how is her family doing? >> it's been tough. they those make this was progress, she was getting better, but that's not the case.

we spoke to her parents this morning. she was on the morning show, her parents were on the morning show this morning, talking about her, how difficult things have been. take a listen to what they said. >> she's not doing very good. she's a really strong girl, so one day at a time is how we do it. >> most kids that day, in my opinion, stopped being kids that day, and now had to be as grownup, in survival mode, protection mode. that's what we see with our daughter. that's what we hear from the other survivors as well. >> that's absolutely right. i spend to family members today, because the authorities are not providing them information. the d.a. there, has prevented authorities from releasing any information from claims that she's running this investigation, so none of this

can be made public. we're obtaining it through several sources, and now several families are asking us to listen, in farther because they're trying to answer questions about their kits, the experience, because the kids are raising questions. the kids are bringing up things that are not necessarily making sense. one parent i spoke to said, oh, my god, this is now making sense, i didn't know this was happening. she was talking about some of this, but it doesn't really add up. after listening to the 911 call, they have connected some of the dots. they really think it's helpful to them to get an idea of what was going on, because the kids are reliving it. a lot of these kids, what's happening is parents will start to see some signs of improvement, and then something happens and all of it changes. what we're starting to see from some parents that are talking about their kids not wanting to go to school, but they're unable

to answer some very simple and needed questions about what happened in that room. they're hoping now, with this audiotape, it gets them inside the room. they can start putting some of the puzzle together. >> they're clearly traumatized children and families, and will be for years to come. it's just hard to square what we just heard and what we keep on hearing from reporting, like the once you've been providing for us, and the fact that the dps chief says an institution they have not failed. he said that just last week. >> it's hard to believe that. i think he was trying to be kind of, you know, trying to have it both ways there. he said he would resign if any of his officers and agents and law enforcement officials at the dps were culpable, he would resign. well, people have been fired results of this, so, yes, i think obviously law

enforcement -- the thing with this audiotape, what is so important, is a that it gets inside the room and shows us how badly the police officers performed that day, and how horrifying it was for the children. shimon, thank you so much for all the reporting you've been bringing us. well, u.s. officials are divided over new intel that suggests russia weighed using nuclear weapons in its war on ukraine. we have new cnn reporting, up next. do i just focus on when things don't work, and not apappreciate when they do? i love it when work actually works! i just booooked this parking spot... this desk... and this conference room! i am filing status reports on an app that i made! i'm not even a coder! and it works!... i like your bag! when your digital solutions work, the world works. that's why the world works with servicenow.

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now to alarming reporting. official recently discussed how and when they would use a tactical nuclear weapon on the battlefield, according to a u.s. intelligence assessment. some of the sources caution that the conversations may have taken out of the context, but others show that it shows frustration among russian military leaders, frustration that they fear could

become -- they were troublesome? >>xabeana. this intelligence assessment is essentially a conversation that russian general had among themselves, about the condition in which they could use a tactical nuclear weapon in ukraine. this has the administration divided. it's not a raw intelligence readout. rather, it's a description based on a source, and the intelligence community kind of putting some analysis over it as to what it could mean. so the rub here is really as to how to interpret what this intelligence actually means. is it the general discussing concrete plans? more of an abstract discussion about what-if? that's something that the at manufactures officials say it

could be misinterpreted, but other officials are more concerned, given at rhetoric we have heard about their desperation in terms of the battlefield losses in ukraine, the evacuation from certain southern cities in ukraine, that has raised some fears that perhaps something could happen, right? so the administration is missing that they have seen no plans to conduct this kind of attack. no one is in vladimir putin's mind himself. >> and this excellent regarding, we have kremlin officials rye i railing they have would use a nuclear weapon only if their sovereignty was threatened. thank you for this. it's potential a remarkable comeback for benjamin netanyahu.

the longest-serving prime minister is on the verge of a triumphant return to power, despite being on trial for corruption. so, bobby, help put into contact, specifically with the right in that country and what we could see in a new netanyahu collision-led government. >> there was a in and the in self-and center right together managed to cobble together an unwieldy inclusion. and now the extreme right has made enormous gains.

this is not a one-off. this is not a result of -- in fact, this is the highest turnout in any israeli election in more than a decade since 1999. most of it comes from the extreme right. it's consulted and ben anyone neddenia hoar. and haz written that conversation back into power. it means that right now, they're beholden to the extreme right. in this next round and perhaps for some years to come.

>> he finally broke his silence after losing his bid. he vowed to abide by the constitution, but notably, he did not explicitly concede the election. this is important. since the election we have seen his supporters block highway traffic across the country, concerns about the effect that would have on the economy. does his non-concession at least ease some of that tension? it eases tension a bit. but many of these are in the street, challenging the results. he hasn't said if he will set up a formal challenge in the courts, but his sort of chief of staff immediately after bolsonaro spoke, his chief of staff said they would begin the work to transition to the new

government led by, although president lula, which allows for a bit of optimism, but the fact that he hasn't come out and said i lost fair and square, the other side won, let's move on, that leaves open the possible that he might be simply taking the measure of the -- of his base, to understand where his base stands. whether he can mount a -- and the crucial, the billion dollar question now, bianna, is what will the military say? if the military faces down the protesters in the street, forces them to go back home, if the military throws its weight behind lula, who won the election, then we can begin to exhale. until then, i would still by holding my breath. >> bobby gosche, we watch you

closely the thank you. test of democracy is just the latest documentary. ken burns' latest book looks a at the nation's history through photogographs. we'll have a inside lolook, nex. it's nice to unwind after a long week of telling people how liberty mutual customizes your car insurance so you only pay for what you need! (limu squawks) he's a natural. only pay for what you need ♪liberty. liberty. liberty. liberty.♪ the ergo smart base from tempur-pedic responds to snoring - automatically. so no hiding under your pillow. or opting for the couch. because it's our first system that detects snoring, and automatically adjusts to help reduce it. your best sleep. all night. every night. [ marcia ] my dental health was not good. i had periodontal disease,

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♪ the only thing i regret about my life was hiring local talent. if i knew about upwork. i would have hired actually talented people from all over the world. instead of talentless people from all over my house. this just in this, max rhodes sis his campaign headquarters was defaced with what he calls an antisemitic

tropes. he tweeted this image of the gra fitto which shows the word "soros" referring to george soros. rose, who is jewish, tweeted -- overnight my hq sign was graffiti'd with a anti-semitic tropes. enough many together we must twinge wish this hate and choose a better america. the nypd says they're investigating. my next guest knows better than most how history repeats itself. ken burns is known for telling american history. he has a new book called "our america" a photographic history. he joins me now. so great to have you on the

program. a beautiful book, and we're going to show our viewers some of these incredible photos captured. if we can just start to talk about the book and the message you hope readers take away from it. >> well, thank you for making me. i've been making documentary films for almost 50 years about america, but also interested in the still photograph as a dna, the basic building block of the stories i tell. i've been dreaming of this book for about 15 years, working on it in the evenings and weekends, trying to compile the best photographs in chronological order, one photograph per page, minimum caption with the first photograph ever taken, a self-portrayed of the photographer, representing every 50 states, all black and white, and also having in the back material that gives you more detail, kind of the story behind the story of the photograph. it is as you say, i'm not sure if history repeats itself, but

mark twain once suggested, that it rhymes. however the story distant in the past, however recent, is always rhyming in the present. our most recent film on the u.s. and the holocaust did exactly that. this book is about those rhymes, about how we are in all our glory, our greed and generosity, or virtues, pure tannism, and purience. all of that is there. >> it's timely, too. every day we're uncovering a new attacks, incident, as we just did with congressman rose. >> it's the picture of a boy in front of a car. we're showing it right now.

what is the story behind it? >> the story is, this is a photograph by my mentor, the late jerome liebling, who at hampshire college rearranged all my molecules and set me on the path. i don't think i would be here today without jerry liebling. he took this photograph in 1949 in new york city of this wonderful kid looking at the camera, with all his business, the hat, the coat, shoes flapping, ansh the beauty of the curve of the car. i lots of choices for this. i felt i could hohnors my mentor by putting his on the very front. to say -- the word "our" has to be as inclusive as possible. it's everybody's stories. i've made films for 50 years of the u.s., but i really made films about us. what i have learned is there's no "them." today everybody is saying there's a them that's

responsible for their grievances. what we have to get back to is a sense that there's no them, that we're all in this together, and our problems are not the other person's fault, about you we're all bound to each other. lincoln understood this. all of our great leaders understood that. this is an attempt to draw together all of that into one place and celebrate how incredibly beautiful our country is, how incredibly dark parts of our past is, but how people have joy and fun. it's at until book. you made a series about the civil war, and there are photos represented as well. if you can talk a bit about them, the harvest of death, really focusing on inequity in this country. there you see the images of bodies there. talk about that. >> this is from -- this is a beautiful photograph by timothy o'sullivan, who worked for matthew brady. i think this is from the second day of gettysburg.

that would make it july 2nd, 1863, the dead in the wheat field, the biggest battle ever fought in new york america, the most consequentially important battle of the civil war. it has to be there. it's facing a page on the right which shows people looking at the list of the dead from gettysburg outside a newspaper office in new york city. the tphotographs begin to talk o one another, but this is about the horror of the civil war. >> can i just ask you, as someone who has covered history so much, the good, the bad, the ugly, we turn to historians almost as therapists as we cover every day a new unprecedented headline or news cycle. none of it seems very good as of late. how are you feeling about the currents state of not just politics, but our rhetoric, americans living together, coexisting in a country that as

unique as ours? we're in a major, major crisis. i feel like there were three before this time, the civil war, the great depression and the second world war, but even with the civil war, and there was great yelling at each other and calling each other names and violence, of course, 750,000 people died in the civil war, but during those crises, things like free and fair election, the peaceful seemed kind of assumed by everybody. and now, they're not. and that poses perhaps the greatest challenge we've ever faced. so, while there are rhymes, backwards and forwards with our past, i think we now have to understand, you know, as i said, when i was promoting the film on the holocaust, you know, the time to save a democracy is before it's lost. and i hope that the pictures that are assembled in this book

remind us of the cohesion which has been our strength. we're a lot of different tributaries flowing into one place. and what happens when you begin to sub69 to the authoritarian playbook, in rhode island playing in their very risque bathing suits, the first subway station in america, in new york city, all of these things remind us of our glory, that we are an alloy, strong for all of the elements that go into it, much stronger than any single element. and the problem with the grievance politics of today suggests there's only one of us, we're being replaced and we need to get everyone away. and that's not in the american spirit. i hope it's optimistic because people get through bad times like the civil war, but at this point, we need to be extraordinarily cautious and vote for our democracy. >> that's important. it's a beautiful book. it reminds us what a beautiful

country we have. we've got to preserve it. the book is "our america: photographic history. ken burns, great to talk to you. new today, the ftc commissioner calls pour a ban on one of the most popular r networks, tiktok, wewe'll expla why, next. omethihing with farmers policy perks. ♪ we are farmers. bum-pa-dum, bum-bum-bum-bum ♪ this week is your chance to try any subway footlong for free. like the subway series menu. just buy any footlong in the app, andet one free. free moners, free bosses, any footlong for free! this guy loves a great offer. so let's see some hustle! and i'm going to tell you about exciting medicare advantage plans that can provide broad coverage and still may save you money on monthly premiums and prescription drugs. with original medicare you are covered for hospital stays and doctor office visits but you

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fcc commissioner brendan carr says tiktok should be banned in the u.s. his reasoning, well, he says the social media company can't be trufrted to settle on a national security agreement with the federal government. cnn's tech reporter brian fung is here to give us more context.

brian, what is behind the commissioner's statement? >> yeah, well, this all goes back to the bipartisan concerns about china, and whether china could force tiktok or its parent company bytedance to hand over data on u.s. citizens that use the app. you know, this claim, this call by mr. carr that tiktok should be banned from the u.s., you know, ties back to negotiation that tiktok has been having with the u.s. government over a possible deal that would allow tiktok to continue operating in the u.s. but in an interview today, carr told me that the more he reads about tiktok in public reporting, the less confident he is that tiktok will reach an agreement with the u.s. that will it won't try to try and get around or circumvent, somehow, which is why he's calling for an outright ban of the app now. it's important to point out here, that the fcc does not regulate tiktok or other social media companies. so in some respects, mr. carr

is, you know, speaking out of his lane a little bit. but he's saying his experience on the fcc, dealing with other chinese businesses in the telecom space, and trying to block those companies from u.s. telecom networks has given him comborngts context in his terms of trying to prevent tiktok from operating in the united states. what is tiktok staying, in a statement they gave me, carr acknowledged that fcc in discussions, he appears to be discussing his personal views independent of authority as an fcc commissioner. we are confident we're on a path reaching an agreement with the u.s. government that will reach all national security concerns. >> we continue to follow the story, brian fung, thank you. and thank yoyou for watching, "e lead" ststarts right after a sht break.