backlash, but i did not know where it was going to come from. >> trump, he spoke that language. he spoke directly to the racists, he spoke directly to the bigots. he knew exactly what they were feeling because that is how he was feeling. he knew exactly how he felt seeing that black man every day. >> i think in general, we deeply underestimate the power of hate, of a particular kind of politics that takes as its base, i'm not you, you live over there, i live over here, i am with my people, you live with yours. now, there were a lot of things that had to happen in order for trump to be president. i think he just missed the extent to what trump was saying was in deep concert with folks he had been facing for the past eight years. >> i do think that the country is inexorably changing. i

believe in all kinds of positive ways, but i do think that when you combine that demographic change with all the economic stresses that people have been going through, it means that there is going to be potential anger, frustration, fear. some of it justified, just misdirected. i think somebody like mr. trump is taking advantage of that. >> there are some people that are just stone cold racist, we know that. but there are a lot of people also who feel, and are to some degree or another, feel like they are on the losing end of the stick. there are a lot of people who rose to the bait, i would say,

the encouragement of the kind of pr mastery of trump. trump made it into an us and them in black and white. there was no question that he had a self-consciousness of a past to whipping up resentment. and, on was a black president. >> toward the end of obama's presidency, i received an invitation to what was billed as a celebration of black music at the white house. >> there was bel biv devoe, de la sol, bradley cooper was there, which was mild, but

besides bradley cooper, everybody was black. it was at the end of obama's presidency, and people know it is the end. >> you can tell what kind of night this is. that was not john philip sousa right there. this is our final musical evening as president and first lady. i know. it's going be all right. >> it became very clear that this was on the one hand, a recognition of the african american contributions to american musical culture. >> give it up, ladies and gentlemen for de la sol! >> but in another sense, it was really a punctuation for what the obama's had represented in the united states for the previous eight years.

>> i like to think about the obama presidency for its, what i would call real, symbolic power, the ways that not only that man, but that family stood on the world stage and showed us that being a whole person means loving people, and belonging to people, and being responsible to people. >> the most important thing we can all do is to treat each other with kindness and respect. >> just showing us in his persona the joy of living, the love of music, the love of children, the love of connecting with other human beings. i think all of that stood for something, and stands for something. >> there was a sense of decorum , and ethics, and honesty, and commitment to the country that

suffused the entire white house. i am proud of the way he conducted himself as president of the united states. that is no small thing. >> my president! >> there are now white children whose earliest memories of any sort of president is a black guy. [ laughter ] i don't think that is small. i don't think that is small at all. because i think your ability to imagine who can occupy the highest levels in society directly informs your ability to see people as human. that is not the whole battle, that is not everything, but it certainly is a component. >> to me, the most important thing is that barack obama won. and barack obama won twice. now, he might argue

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the following is a cnn special report. how would you react? where

would you go? if you woke up one morning to war on your doorstep? >> this is kharic now completely in ruins. >> for more than a year now, no matter where you turn, putin's terror can find you. yet, despite all of the suffering, the people of ukraine are still standing, still fighting, and some say even winning. >> the ukrainians took this entire area back in september.

>> this is ukraine today. >> freedom matters, peace matters, ukraine matters. >> these are the people who have defied the odds against them. >> we are fighting for our freedom. >> how are they doing it, and at what cost? >> take your time if you want to take a break. kyiv central station . the nerve center of ukraine's 16,000 mile sprawling rail

system. nearly one year ago, this ordinary transit hub was anything but. [ sound of gunfire ] is russian forces advanced toward the city, scenes of chaos and heartbreak flooded the station's platforms and many others like it across the country. families were wrenched apart as fathers sent their wives and children to safety. >> there is definitely an intensification, an urgency as people are trying to get out of the country, out of the city. >> in all, nearly 4 million people raced to the railroad to

escape the war unfolding around them, making this already vital service an essential lifeline for ukrainians. today, things look very different. for this orthodox christmas in ukraine, kyiv is no longer under immediate threat. many ukrainians have now returned to their homes, but this is still a country at war and ukrzaliznytsia is still very much the backbone of ukraine's war effort . >> like the whole company. >> at just 38 years old, the railway's proud ceo has one

main goal, the trains must always keep running. >> this war is changing all the time. now, we have to think in advance and get ready for everything, anything. when russia began its ruthless winter campaign, targeting ukraine's critical infrastructure, oleksandr and his team were ready with nearly 10,000 wood-burning stoves . >> you literally have iron stoves in here to keep people warm. >> yeah. >> as soon as territory is liberated, train service is restored. when a shell hit the tracks, maintenance workers are out within hours to start repairs.

>> how hard do you push yourself on that front, and push the people who work for you? >> 120%. you can call it obsession. >> your employees are the employees of the railway, have been called iron people. obviously, that is something that predates the war, but when you look at the response of your employees, do you think that is a sort of apt characterization of them? >> maybe. >> there are people who spend months living basically on the trains, in the stations, a lot of people gave a lot in order to meet peers >> i've been meeting by people across the whole country, thousands of times during this war. i've been shaking their hands and saying, thanks for what you

do. i me that genuinely from my heart. you know what they say? come on, we are just doing our job, nothing special. >> on the platform, my team and i board a train heading east to kharkiv, a city just miles from the russian border and one of putin's earliest targets. today, the train to kharkiv is field with travelers heading home for the holidays. soldiers returning to the front lines, and a young mother, 25- year-old liliana, going back to kharkiv to reunite with her family after fleeing with her infant son last march. >> did you ever worry that you might not see your family again, that you might not be able to go back home to kharkiv again? [ speaking foreign language ]

>> were you missing your mom a lot? >> yeah, of course. [ speaking non-english ] >> but now you are together, and you are going home? you must be very happy. [ speaking non-english ] >> what's the first thing you want to do when you get back

home? [ speaking non-english ] >> i think i hear your little boy is awake now, maybe. >> yes. [ speaking non-english ] >> that night, once we arrived in kharkiv, liliana finally gets that long-awaited hug, and we head out into the dark city, ready for some reunions of our own. when we come back, kharkiv one year later. our dell technologies advisors can provide you with the tools and expertise you need to bring out the innovator

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welcome to kharkiv. for decades, ukraine's second largest city has been known as a university town, a vibrant city for ukrainian culture, arts, and science is. kharkiv has also traditionally been a russian-speaking city, and despite long-standing conflict with russia, most have held deep, yet complicated ties to their northern neighbor less than 30 miles away.

>> we have been hearing a steady stream of loud strikes. >> but as they learned on february 24th, good neighbors do not treat you like this. indiscriminate and nearly constant shelling by the russians has left a trail of death and destruction throughout this region. the once bustling, residential suburb natalie grim memorial to the carnage. >> the last time we were here, it was just getting smashed by russian artillery every day. >> 300,000 people roughly use to live in this area, but since the beginning of the war, it really became the front line. even now, coming back here, you are just starting to see little

hints of life reemerging. >> one resident told me, this was her first time back since the bombings. months later, she is still haunted by the violence. [ speaking non-english ] >> back in april, our team witnessed some of the terror of kharkiv firsthand . >> hurry-up, come on. come on maria. go, go!

>> okay, so we were just in an apartment building. they were looking for an injured man. i much of brown's came in and hit the next-door building and now we are getting out as fast as we can. >> the incoming fire continued. the paramedics kept searching for the injured man. soon, they found him, just in time to save his life. on our return to kharkiv eight months later , i knew that our first stop had to be here. [ speaking non-english ] [ laughter ] >> how are you? >> alive. healthy!

>> we are alive, exactly. >> thankfully, miraculously, the pair is alive and well, and though the skies are much quieter, they are still saving lives. >> i heard that you are now doctors? >> like a resident. >> a resident? >> yeah, in america, it is called resident. >> that is amazing! i don't know anyone in the middle of a war also manages to finish medical school. this is not normal. >> it's ukraine, you know? [ laughter ] >> the following night, i head out to meet the paramedics for dinner. on the way there, i am struck by the city's eerie darkness. russia's continued attacks on the power grid have made electricity a precious resource, another sign that life here is still far from normal. >> hi! >> but inside, i am greeted

with typical ukrainian warmth, food, and laughter. as we chat alongside alexandra's husband and mother, it quickly becomes clear that one year later, while the war has changed, these brave ukrainians have not. [ speaking non-english ] >> so i guess the question becomes, the situation is obviously a lot quieter in kharkiv than before, but the war is not over. how do you keep up hope when there is still kind of a long road ahead? [ speaking non-english ] >> did you ever doubt that, that ukraine would ultimately win? >> no, never. >> never? >> no. [ speaking non-english ] >> and everything is exactly what these young ukrainians

have given to the fight. while his own wife and young child headed west, to a safer part of the country, vladimir stayed put. >> has a been hard to beat separated from your family? >> yes, but i know that they are safe. >> it is a big part of ukraine's success, i think, almost every ukrainian seems to feel called to service in this moment. i often think about this, would it be the same in america, would it be the same in england? [ speaking non-english ] >> should we have another toast? >> yes. >> to ukraine. >> cheers! >> the next morning, just a short drive outside the city, we visit a small village nearly

flattened by the war. today, over 100 empty coffins have arrived. volunteers unload them onto a playground, next to a bombed out school. in a few weeks, when the ground defrost, the villagers will exhume an untold number of dead bodies they suspect are strong throughout the town. finally, the dead will be identified and laid to rest with proper burials . it is here that we meet this volunteer, a kharkiv native , who had lived and worked in moscow since the 90s. in her previous life, she was a renowned whale scientist. since february 24th, she has

dedicated 24/7 to helping the people of ukraine to survive and to defeat the russians. >> i arrived in the morning of the 23rd. just take a look what they did to us. i want you to help time to see. to see how my town looks now. >> did you have any conversations in the early days of the war with any of your russian friends? >> plenty. >> what were they saying? >> they were scared. they were desperate. one of them said that the tears of blood of the crying down his face and neither their grandchildren would be able to wash out this dirt and his blood from their faces.

>> they tell me, maybe you take your mom and moved to moscow, it's safer now. i tell them, do you think your grandmother would go to berlin during the second world war? do you? moscow is the fascist building to us now. >> tell me about the beginning of the war. were you afraid? >> not for a second. not for a second. starting the morning of february 25th, i was in the square volunteering. it was so busy. we were so tired. by the end of the day, i did not think of anything. i did not have emotions, i did not have thoughts. i was just working, working as a machine. >> nearly one year later, she is still working. today, that means helping ordinary people, a local humanitarian group that

distributes aid to villagers still without power, blankets, beds, and a heater, anything to help survive winter amidst the rubble. but at this stage of the war, she says, most of her days are spent sourcing badly needed supplies for ukraine's soldiers. >> kharkiv was a part of this incredible counteroffensive, pushed the russians out, but there has been a lot of talk now about, could there be another offensive that the russians are planning. are you fearful at all? >> we all understand that as volunteers, as a specialist volunteers to help the community, we will be targeted. to say, i'm not afraid, would be silly. >> i don't want like a slow

death, being tortured, but otherwise, we all used to think that we have to live today. tomorrow, they will show us. >> one day at a time. >> yep. yeah. when we returned-- >> did you understand the danger of what you were doing if you were caught? >> the secret network of spies, living under russian occupation. and enjoy a two year warranty. shop appliances now backed by the lowe's price promise.

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this village sits along the river, the far northeast corner of ukraine's kharkiv region . it is to be a place where people came in the summer to relax and enjoy the water. now, the area is almost unrecognizable. less than 15 miles from the russian border, it was easily overtaken by russian forces in the early hours of the war, but the ukrainians never stopped fighting. >> so, the ukrainians took this entire area back in september, but it's still incredibly difficult to live here, because, as you can see, the bridge has been destroyed. it was actually the ukrainians

who destroyed it back in the spring. they did it to stop russian forces from moving into this area, but now, it is a huge challenge for people living on the other side. and you really see the great and the resilience of the ukrainian people living here. they are walking across the ice, carrying cans to fill with diesel to power their generators going back and forth to try and get food and supplies, so they can continue to live in their homes. >> this is what victory looks like in much of ukraine. it is grim, and it is fragile. the front lines around this region are still active. that is why we find yvonne, a

32-year-old volunteer soldier, heading toward the action. he asked we don't give his last name for his security. >> it's a good feeling. i'm back to my brothers who waited for me on the line. it is our duty. >> yvonne arrives at the house where he is unit is based. it is a few miles from the trenches, but well within the range of russian artillery. [ speaking non-english ]

>> like many fighting in ukraine, even i never imagined he would become a soldier. [ speaking non-english ] >> when the war began, yvonne was a civilian, living in

tariffs on. he decided he needed to fight back. at the time, he says, that meant joining a secret network that would send information about russian troop movements, what weapons they had, anything that might give the ukrainians the upper hand. he says, he began covertly supplying information to security services, using a ukrainian app on his phone called you dear. [ speaking non-english ]

>> did you understand the risk of what you were doing, the danger of what you were doing if you were caught? [ speaking non-english ] >> and i am standing now in the very center of the city, and there were two cruise missiles that hit the building. >> it was march 1st, less than one week into the war. days earlier, kharkiv native had been skiing in the austrian mountains. now, his city was on fire. >> i was in a hurry to get back. people were prepared to fight

back to defend their land and defend their city. >> he is not your typical soldier. he is a ukrainian agriculture mogul who felt compelled to build a volunteer unit of soldiers, funded with his personal fortune. >> so, this is one of our bases. >> we join him in a secret bunker in the city, the night before his return to the front lines. >> so, this is some of the explosives that you have amassed ? wow. >> the guys doing these things, they are using-- >> to drop them from drones! >> and formally known as the billionaire's battalion, the unit helped to push russian forces out of kharkiv.

what they lack in traditional training, they make up for in equipment . >> what of your skills as a businessman enabled you to start your own unit? >> this is actually the enterprise. this is a new company, but it has created, not for getting profit, it is created to kill the enemy. >> how has >> how has ukraine been so successful in fighting off the world's second largest military? >> we're right. we're fighting for our freedom, for our way of life. we didn't want this war and they started it so we have to fight. ♪

>> how many members of your unit have you lost? >> a few people. the last loss was a very bright 28-year-old woman. >> does her death in some way motivate you to, you know -- >> to revenge? >> to revenge, to -- >> of course. no, of course, which is why we continue fighting. and remember all these people who were with us, and we will always remember them. >> are you thinking that in the future this will be a war that

is predominantly fought with drones? when we come back, meet the maverick minister that has helped to change the face of this war. 's natural. treat it that way with aveeno® daily moisture. formulated with nourishing, prebiotic oat. it's clinically proven to moisturize dry skin for 24 hours. aveeno® the innovative new hisense kitchen suite is only at lowe's. save up to $750 on select major appliances + free delivery on items over $396. and enjoy a two year warranty. shop appliances now backed by the lowe's price promise. ten years ago, i invented the ring video doorbell for moments like that.

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people are obviously incredibly affected by this situation. they're frightened.

they're exhausted. it's march 5th, just one week into the invasion. the people of a suburb at the doorstep of the capitol have already withstood days of russian strikes. for many this bombed out bridge is their only opportunity to escape. [speaking non-english] >> weeks later, putin's plan takeover of kyiv had failed. russian troops were forced to withdraw from irpin and the north entirely. it was the first of many hard-fought ukrainian victories.

one not only with bullets and bravery, but with creativity and cutting edge technology. at 32 years old, mykhailo is ukraine's youngest minister, in charge of digital transformation. a piece of the war puzzle that many argue have been the single biggest game-changer on the battlefield. known as algorithmic warfare. what's so striking about this war is when you're on the front lines, you see people fighting in conditions and trenches with artillery and tanks in scenes that are reminiscent of the first and second world war. yet at the same time this is the most technologically sophisticated war that ever has

been fought. at what stage did you understand the power that technology could bring? [speaking non-english] >> after the invasion, he was quick to adapt. he took an app called dia, an app originally formed to allow ukrainians to pay bills online and transformed it, giving citizens in russian-occupied areas a way to provide information to security services. videos like this showing russian weaponry and troop movements could be easily and secretly uploaded. [speaking non-english]

>> to be sure ukraine has not transformed the digital battlefield alone. in the run up to the invasion, support poured in from silicon valley's top tech companies to help the country prepare. [speaking non-english] >> what has that support meant to you? [speaking non-english]

among the many companies offering assistance was palantir, a secretive american software company that got its start working with u.s. intelligence services. alex karp was the first ceo to meet with president zelenskyy after russia's invasion. >> here you have a culture that is able to perform at a level of any of the world players we have ever dealt with. >> according to karp, most of ukraine's military targeting is done using advanced palantir software. and ukraine has now developed its own situational awareness system similar to palantir's called delta. yet another innovation fedorov has says transformed the way wars are fought, and he hopes