savings. call now to get powerful internet for just $39 a month, with no contract, and a money back guarantee. all on the largest, fastest, reliable network. from the company that powers more businesses than anyone else. call and start saving today. comcast business. powering possibilities. this is "gps", the global public square. welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria coming to you from new york. today on the program, tep weeks of major protests, highways blocked, citizens shouting shame. this is the fierce opposition to what some are calling a coup

d'etat. prime minister netanyahu's plans to curtail the judiciary. i will ask ehud barak and tzipi livni about what is happening on the ground and in the nasset. also, china's new foreign minister said this week there would surely be conflict and confro confrontation with the u.s. if the american government continues to speed down the wrong path. i'll dig in deep on the moods in both beijing and washington with kevin rudd, the former prieme minister of australia about to be sworn in as the new ambassador to the united states. also, should silicon valley's tech giants finally pay up for serving news content. they've already squared off with australia over this and canada is next up. but it all may be too little, too late in the age of ai.

i will explain. but first, here is my take. mexico could be entering a golden age. it is perfectly placed to benefit from the growing tensions between the united states and china. parts of the country are already seeing a boom as companies diversify away from china and invest in mexico. in fact, a good chunk of that investment is being made by chinese companies that are finding a way to continue to sell goods to the united states. the state of leon, where many of the manufacturing is centered, has received almost $7 billion in investment since late 2021 and its governor expects tesla recently announced plan to build a giga factory to yield $10 billion over time. laredo, texas, last october, beat out los angeles as the united states' busiest port. but these promising economic

wins are being stifled by bad politics. for last three decades mexico has had a run of presidents, who, while they've had their flaws, were serious about policy and tried to modernize the country. alas, that luck has run out. mexico's president obrador is a populous demagogue who recalls the strong man tradition in latin american history. the covid policies were a disaster. mexico has had one of the highest covid case fatality ratios in the world. his economic policies has been anti-growth. by one estimate, 4 million americans have slipped into poverty since 2019. he's failed to take on the drug c cartels and attacked mexico political institutions many of which have acquired

accomplishments recently. mexico was a one party state with fraudulent elections ensuring that the ruly party always won. that changed in 2000, when the electoral reforms enable the first free and fair election which the ruling party lost. out of the same spirit of democracy came the national election agency, the ine. which rhas developed a reputatin for being independent and competent. they pushed a plan that would have killed the ine altogether and replaced it with a new body but he couldn't clear the bar to pass a constitutional amendment so he settled for legislation that hollows it out. it is budget will be cut by nearly a third. many local offices will be closed. 6,000 staff members will be laid off. its powers will be curtailed taking some teeth out of the watch dog.

he said he's doing it to improve the voting process and save tens of millions of dollars a year. he cannot legally run as a second term as president, he's taking the steps to make sure that the next election is a victory for his party which he plans to continue to dominate. supreme court is expected to hear challenges to the gutting of the agency in the near future. the election agency is not perfect but it is a pillar of mexico's fledgling democracy after the armed forces and at tack has been part of his assault on ngo's and independent government agencies. in her article, shannon o'neill writes that he has raided the funds for artists and academics and atack those who criticize him. this is out of a text book claimed to speak for the poor, attack the elites and meanwhile

run a shoddy and incompetent government. when a journalist reported on the lavish life the president's son lived in the united states, he released the journalist's alleged personal income information which the mexico bar association said violated the constitution and the tax code. he campaigned on a promise to fight corruption but according to the ngo mexico against government impunity, his government awards three out of four contracts using a no-bid system that does not ask for competing offers. mexico's biggest problem is not an economic one, but rather a political one. the state has lost its capacity to rein in the drug cartels and he campaigned on hugs not bullets but in office he seeded the issue to military which is deeply in drug money.

they have charged of being in league with the cartels, the government of mexico asked the u.s. to drop the charges and washington agreed. former u.s. attorney general william barr recently described amlo as the cartel's chief enabler. his attack on the election agency is personal. he believes that he won the 2006 and 2012 elections but was denied hi due, independent observers do not agree. much of his presidency is an act of narcism. he holds daily press conferences that could go on for hours and he attacks the state because the agency limits his powers and now he's weakening election oversight. they have their difference but amlo has turned out to be the mexico donald trump. go to cnn.com/fareed for a link to my washington post column this week.

and let's get started. ♪ the president of israel's supreme court, two former directors of the massad, former heads of the shin bat security service and an ex police commissioner and a nobel prize winning economist, these are some of the israelis who have condemned that country's judicial reforms proposed by benjamin netanyahu. those reforms would weaken the independence of the supreme court and give the nasset the power to overrule the high court's decisions about i a simple majority. one vote. if passed, the reforms would allow the government decisive appointment over the appointment of judges. the plans proponents admit it would weaken the judicial saying the justices have too much power

and are no longer accountable. massive protesters against the measures have swept the country for ten weeks in a row. many political leaders say the reforms will destroy israel's democracy. many business leaders say they will destroy the economy. joining me now are two former senior leaders of israel, ehud barac was the 10th prime minister and tzipi livni was the foreign minister and vice prime min sifter. zippi, why is that happening? what is the fundamental cause of the so-called reforms. >> you could add to the list that you just mentioned, the dozens of thousands of people taking the streets demonstrating against it because these are not judicial reform. it is about changes of israel as

a democracy. it was born at the nation state for the jewish people with equal rights to all its citizens. and we have different totalities. the politicians in the government and the parliament can legislate, but the supreme court could and should supervise human rights and since we don't have a constitution, we have some basic law and these are the base for the decisions of the supreme court. what is happening now, is that we're having a government that is based on three different factions. one is very religious orthodox and for them they would like to ignore the idea of equality, not for women or lgbtq. they don't want to serve in the army so for them the supreme court that is part of the decisions, is forcing the government to keep equal rights to all citizens. that doesn't suit them.

you have another faction, the national religious part, for them they would like to have greater israel and to avoid and to prevent the supreme court from making judgment on the situation in the west bank. they want to rule without any supervision. and on top of this, you have a prime minister that is trial is going on and it is his own political interest to weaken law enforcement so the reforms what is called is not just about the supreme court, it is like they won the election, they got the permission or the license to drive, and to promote iran ideology or vision but what they are doing is they would like to do so without any road signs, without police on the way, to do whatever they want without any limitation. and this is something that will not happen, cannot happen and

this is why we are completely against it. >> ehud barak, you have been very strong on this issue. you say if these laws get passed, you believe that israel should engage in massive civil unrest, nonviolent protests on the scale of kind of american civil rights movement. explain what do you think -- what are the stakes here? >> you know, it is basically it is, as tzipi described it, it is attack on the soul and nature of our democracy, about independence of the supreme court and about the values of the declaration of independence, which is our kind of equivalent of constitution. so, once a government, using the tools of democracy, in order to destroy it from within, and end up acting in a blatantly

illegitimate matter, it is not just the citizens, it is the obligation of citizens to turn unfortunately towards a civil disobedience, nonviolent but nonviolent civil disobedience. we might still be three weeks from the completion of the legislation but once it is completed, you know, the supreme court will stand in the way, i hope that the gatekeepers, the head of the secret service and the police, the chief of the idf, they always stand but if they want or if the government will try to impose these package of laws, there will be no way for citizens to resist but to nonviolent civil disobedience. >> what about the military? your decorated general, there

are people in the militaries, senior people who are saying that the military should refuse to take orders from what will, at that point, be not a government of a liberal democracy. >> you described it. it is already happened. it surfaced in one of the air force squadrons, one most important ones. but there are many of them, many in the intelligence, many in special forces, many other units already out. i mean reservists, not active duty service, of course, but reservists who are volunteering for full of risk kind of roles. the basic argument is we have a contract with a democratic israel and we're ready to risk or lives even if we do not agree with any policy of this government. we are ready to risk our lives once and again, we already

buried many of our comrades under these circumstances, but we are -- we do not have a contract with a dictatorship and once there is a dictatorship in israel, we do not have a contract with them. we'll have to find a way. so i have no doubt if tomorrow morning or next week a major war will be imposed upon us, they all will be due risking their lives once again. unlike many of the sons and daughters of the members of this government. but in the meantime, between wars, they intend to fight against these tendency to turn israel into dictatorship. >> stay with us. when we come back, i will ask our two distinguished guests what, if anything, the outside world could do about all of this when we come back. aren't we all just looking for the hottest stocks?

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and we are back with israel's former prime minister ehud barak and tzipi livni. what is the likely economic impact of this? because i do hear people saying, well, israeli, the economy depends on the rule of law and things like that. but i've also heard people skeptical, saying you have governments that have played around with -- where there has been democratic backsliding, whether it is in poland or hungary, some say in india. but the economies that continued to power along. do you think there is a real possibility that israel start-up nation luster gets diminished by all of this? >> israel is a start-up nation. and i want to share some optimistic feelings because what

you see now is that people are fighting for democracy. they will not let these turn into a combination of democracy or autocracy and this is why you see all of the people in the streets. people are fighting. and this is the good news. because people and liberal democrats within israel, were in a way were not activists until now. and what you see now is a creation of a new world that is fighting for israel's democracy and this is good news. and i think i know that netanyahu and his government were taken by surprise. they look at the opposition and they say they are weak, no they are too weak and not going to fight for it and we could do whatever we want and they discovered that they can't. what they are trying to do is take the jewishness of the state, from a religious

perspective, to cover the nature and the values of israel in democracy and people are objecting. so, i think that to speak about the future like this is a done deal, i'm not willing to do so. we are fighting now. there is hope. it took the government by surprise. and i hope that they will understand that they cannot move forward like this. because the price is not only the price they are paying now but for israel, it is unacceptable. >> what tzipi livni was describing, isn't this going to get worse between the ultra orthodox and liberal democracy. because if you look at the demographic trends, the part of the population growing is the ultra orthodox, it is the her eddie. and it would seem that committed to liberal democracy. am i right and if that is true, isn't that a worrying prospect

going forward since they're the ones demographically growing? >> i think that in a way part of it is numbers, but nothing is kind of predetermined. many of them are coming to age especially now with the smartphones with openness of society, they find themselves having to -- trying to have a better life to participate in the labor force and to become more kind of -- more kind of open minded about democracy. so, leave aside for a moment the long-term tendencies, we are focused on fighting. if democracy will win, as myself and tzipi believe, there will be enough time to deal the ultra orthodox, the jews, our brothers and there are many things to be done in regard to taking

politics, taking religion out of israeli politics. but that is for the future. first of all, we have to make sure this package of laws that turn israel into a dictatorship, not russia or turkey, but something like hungary or poland, with the neighborhood kind of situation. and we have to stop it and we will. >> tzipi livni, you're a foreign minister. does america have a special role to play here? do american jews have a special role to play, talk about that? >> oh, yeah. oh, yeah. every israeli citizen understands the importance of the relations between israel and the u.s. and as you know, israeli leader comes to the united states starts speechies saying that we share the same values.

and to keep these ties and this strategic relations for israel, we need to keep these values for ourselves and what i'm saying is don't give up israel. work with us. fight with us. keep israel as it was established. when israel was born, it was not only accepted but accepted by all of the parties in israel that it will be a democracy so let's keep it like that and therefore the messages coming from our friends, either jews or the american s are very important. >> thank you so much. it is a very important times for your country and we will be watching carefully. >> thank you. >> thank you. next on "gps", u.s./china relations are at an all-time low. i'm ask kevin rudd, the former

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it was a one-two punch from china's president xi and his foreign minister aimed squarely at the united states. on monday xi accused western countries led by the united states of containing and suppressing china. he said those actions have severely challenged beijing. and he called on the country to unite as one to fight back. it was a rare case of china's top leader calling out the united states directly. the next day, xi stopped diplomat warned that conflict and confrontation will be the result if washington doesn't change its tactics. it is safe to say we are in a very dangerous moment in u.s./china relations. kevin rudd is here to help us understand. he's a former prime minister of australia who has led the

society for two years but it about to become australia's ambassador to the u.s. he's the author of a terrific book, "avoidable war." welcome. >> good to be with you on the program. >> so when you heard xi jinping say what he did, this is a big change, they did not refer to the united states by name, specifically accuse it in the way they did. what is going on? >> i must admit, as someone who looked at this for last 40 years, i was surprised. it is probably not since the '90s since i've sign a chinese paramount leader address the united states. they would say certain nations. >> yeah. >> and that diplomacy was pushed to one side. and then the foreign minister said if the united states continues its current posture on taiwan, this will result in conflict. i've never heard that from a

china foreign minister before. i think two things are at play here. i think both xi and his team are under consideration for an opportunity for xi saying he know you're going through a hard time and prices are a problem, and in certain areas, but the united states and its allies have been making life impossible for us by the pressure they've brought to bear on us domestically. so i think that is one of the rationals. but when a chinese president said something as definitive of this it has its policy significance and i do believe it further accelerates china's preparedness militarily for a future action over taiwan if and when xi jinping so chooses. >> so how did we get here?

if rip van winkle were to have gone to sleep when obama was having that meeting in sunny lands with xi jinping and they take their jackets off and walk together. it seems like a complicated relationship, some of the stuff they were talking about was china's economic espionage and u.s. u.s. support for taiwan but manageable. but in our we're at what seems like the beginning of a new cold war. what happened? >> i think two or three things. the first is the balance of power has changed over the last ten years. china was becoming more powerful but the acceleration of the gap, or should i say the narrowing of the gap between china and the u.s. and military capabilities but also in economic size has caused china to conclude it has an ability to project its own

interests and values in a way in which it didn't see as possible before. the second big chunk is xi jinping himself. in the dynamic of xi's leadership is a changed driver in itself. he's a marxist lennonist and more dedicated advocate for a foreign security policy and you see him pushing the trajectory of china's moment in the global sun. and then, third, the united states has pushed back. >> i wanted to ask you about with that. because the other big shift was the election of donald trump. and a much, much tougher foreign policy, first economically and then -- what do you think happened? watching it from the outside as an australian, what strikes you about why and how did america change? >> well, if you look at late term obama, there were already some changes.

remember president obama was responsible for the pivot to asia. president obama initiated the trans-pacific partnership was bringing the free economies of asia together under american leadership dealing with emerging economic monolith which was china. but you're right, things did change on donald trump. the reasons for it, i think, driven essentially in the first instance by the view of the trump administration on trade. that this was a net loser for the united states. that jobs had been sacrificed and they galvanized a series of reservations already alive in the american debate that which caused the launching of the trade war of 2018-19. and then of course the turbo charging influence of covid and the wuhan origins and where that took the relationship. so that then you had the formal proclamation of a new doctrine of strategic competition by then

h.r. mcmaster. so this was a rapid transition during trump. but the beginnings of it begin in late obama. >> so next on "gps", questions swirl about whether china might supply arms to russia for the war in ukraine. if that happened, it would change the course of the war and perhaps of world order. i will ask kevin rudd whether he thinks it will happen when we come back. not that into saving, are you? -whoa, dude. what do you... -money. you're not that into saving money. cuz... cuz you paid too much for those glasses. next time, go to america'best where two pairs and a free, qualy eye exam start at just $79.95. wow. i gotta go tell my squad! hurry! ♪ i don't see how that's hurrying. two pairs and a free exam starting at $79.95.

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>> you know, often looking from the outside, we think what is in this for china? china is at risk of shredding its international reputation by being too close to putin's invasion of ukraine. not insufficiently independent, et cetera. if you look at this relationship, however, through the beijing lens or through the xi jinping lens, it is important to see that from his strategic view having russia on side with china for the long-term is a fundamental importance for most of the 400 year history as you know as a student of this, it is been a heavily armed border. there is no longer 18 soviet divisions on the other side of the border. china could focus all of its military activity and resources and planning to the maritime theater. its principal future adversary to the united states. i think the oath thing in xi's calculus, is the russians from

time to time will provide rolling strategic zadistraction. and syria and now in ukraine. again causing the united states to be focusing in multiple directions at once. china has one direction to focus on. >> and wouldn't you add, i mean, it also gives china/russia as a jr. partner, some would say a vas ill state that is one of the world's largest producers of energy. oil, coal, natural gas and china needs that desperately. >> absolutely. it provides secure access, reliable access and cheap prices. discounted prices. free steak knives thrown in in order to have access to russia gas and agriculture commodities where they are available and is a applicable. and he wouldn't do anything to jeopardize that and furthermore

the last thing that he could see from his own interest point of view is to sit back and see putin fail fundamentally, let alone putin collapse in russia itself. >> so will china supply arms to russia? >> this is the $6,000 question. i've read carefully what the united states has said through multiple officials. secretary of state, secretary of treasury, et cetera, about -- and the director of the cia, about real intelligence on these matters. if you read carefully the text, decisions have not yet been taken. what is my gut? in terms of where china is at present, unless they were to conclude internally there was a danger of putin actually losing and actually coming under massive pressure in terms of his own position back home, i do not see it is in china's interest to cross that line. other directly through providing military material directly to

the russians, or cleverly through third parties as it has often been suggested. >> at the end of your book, which is terrific. you talk about the need for managed strategic competition between the united states and china. it seems we're far from that right now. w we seem to be going into a world where china will triple its arsenal and a new nuclear age which very little of arms control talks and treaties. what would you advise the president to do. >> if we were have prime minister kishida in japan, i think the general view would be to the superpowers, both of these superpowers, finding a mechanism to restabilize the relationship. new strategic guardrails to reduce the risk of crisis

conflict and war by accident. and if they're looking for a precedent, if you're a student of international relations history, remember after the near-death experience of the cuban missile crisis, the soviets and the united states for the subsequent 30 years never ever got close to the abyss again. they he developed a series of common protocols including the helsinki protocols in 1975 so i think this view of taking this temperature down is in the world's interest and in the interest of china's closest friends and partners as well. >> is it in order to try to help move things along those lines that you've decided to take this new job? you are say former prime minister, you have a terrific job, you traveled the world, is that why you're doing this? >> no, it is the climate in washington. i just love the sunshine. no, my prime minister, who has

been a friend and colleague for years in australian politics asked me. and so did the foreign minister. but i think they're interest like mine and their anxiety like mine is this is starting to become dangerous. and australia is one of america's oldest treaty allies. we've been in the trenches with the united states in i think all of america's major wars in the 20th century. and into the 21st century. even some of the crazy ones. and so working closely with the administration and the guidance of the government in cambria is about dealing with the granularity of deterrence, dealing with the granularity of mechanisms to reduce the risk of crisis conflict and war by accident as well as the roles and responsibility of allies. um, so, of course as an ambassador i'm promoting the australia national interest in

business and security and defense and i'll be doing that happen illy as well. but i think we're living in dangerous times. really dangerous times and i think it is times for all hands to the pump. >> well, i'm delighted to have have you on. and my guess this being your exit interview, from now on you'll be speaking in diplomatic ways and i won't get this out of you. thank you. the power of ai is certain to charge big tech to the detriment of one other vital industry. ours. i'll explain when we come back. u 100 days to change your mind. it's simple. anything else i can help you with? like what? visionworks. see the difffference.

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and now for the last look. ever since the dawn of the internet, there has been a struggle between technology companies and media companies. while big tech's platforms

provide users with easy access to journalism, news organizations complain that despite getting more traffic, they received very little by way of revenue from the clicks. it is a war that the news industry has mostly lost. resulting in the free fall of thousands of newspapers, magazine and websites over the last three decades. well, the struggle is revving up again. canada is considering a bill that would make big tech sites like facebook and google finally pay publishers for displaying news content online. in response, google removed links to news articles from the search engine for up to 4% of the country's population. the company has framed this move as a way to temporarily test the impact of the so-called online news act. but ottawa sees things differently and has summoned executives to testify before parliament. there are similar laws under

consideration and australia passed one in 2021. but a game-changer it on the horizon. jenive ai may not solve for the next set of challenges. a few months ago i told you about open a.i. chat gpt. it could hold conversations and mimic human writing. it had and frankly still has some major flaws when it comes to accuracy. but ai has the power to bring superpowers to search engines, vastly improving their ability to respond to questions from you and me. this is why microsoft has been keen to incorporate this technology into the previously marginal search engine bing. this version response to user queries by delivering conversation answers to questions drawing responses from synthesising and paraphrasing another online media. it may list footnotes at the end

of the response but the answer are so self-contained and complete that there is very little incentive for users to continue on to the source of the information. if you get a well synthesised answer to your question, why would you badge to click on the footnotes at the end of the answer to see the two or three sources on which that is based. as the economist recently pointed out, new ai chat bots could reach behind pay walls. in today's search engine landscape, a user trying to find the recipe for macaroni and cheese and will be stopped for payment and ask bing and it serves up a version of the whole recipe complete with a licking lips emoji. chat gpt enabled bing isn't available to the public yet and the program still struggles with

accuracy and it is been known to act, well, a bit unhinged. but make no mistake, ai chat bots are coming. google aunnounced plans for its own chat bot called bard and baidu will release earny bot after testing. publi publishers could be left scrambling. they have labored over search engine observation to draw eyeballs to their content and their advertisers. others have opted to write click bait to appeal to the algorithm, hoping to entice someone away from the endless scrolling. no one can agree on just how much money the tech industry has already siphoned from journalist in the past two decades but chat bots will likely be devastating to its click driven economy.

new laws could help and in just over a year australia has gotten google and facebook to pay media companies their more than $140 million for using their news content. the guardian alone has added 50 journalists to the newsroom down under. it is always good to remember that ai chat bots don't actually know anything. they learn it from existing knowledge created by human beings. in this case, journalists. if these human beings didn't exist, the chat bots would have nothing to say. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. ly see you next week. we're reinventing our network. ♪ ♪ ♪ fast. reliable. perfectly orchestrated.

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