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tv   Fareed Zakaria GPS  CNN  May 7, 2023 10:00am-11:00am PDT

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this is "gps," the global
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public square. welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria coming to you live from new york. ♪ today on the program -- the coronation of charles iii. ♪ ♪ >> how different will his reign be from that of his mother? we will explore. ♪ ♪ >> also, the curious case of the alleged attack on the kremlin. china's power play in the asia pacific and the american economy. our talk about all of that and more with an all-star panel. finally, bernard le vie started filming in ukraine just days after the war began. i'll talk to him about his new documentary slafa ukraine and
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how he thinks this tragic war will e. but first here's my take. we now have a biden doctrine. the biden administration has set it out in a striking, recent address by the national security adviser jake sullivan. sullivan outlines the administration's international economic policy, but it is really the overarching framework for president biden's approach to the world defining in lucid terms the ideas behind the slogan of foreign policy for the middle class. sullivan is a fiercely intelligent thinking and skilled policymaker who has come to dominate policy and the administration. he show cases these talents and they're worth pursuing, but the overall approach left me worried along three broad dimensions. >> first, it is a fundamentally pessimistic view of america's
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recent history. sullivan recalls the glory days of american economic power after 1945, but then notes that in the last few decades that strength has waned. he talks about the hollowing out of the country's industrial base, the export of american jobs and the atrophying of industries and we stopped building, sullivan said, as he summarized the subsidies, tariffs and bans for investments that are at the heart of biden's approach. ironically, only a week before sullivan made his speech the economist had a cover story on america's astonishing economic record. it begins with 1990 often used as the start of the narrative of decline and point out that despite the rise of huge new economies like china and india, the u.s.' share of global gdp has stayed roughly the same as in 1990, around 25% then and
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now. america's share of the g7's economic output actually increased substantially from 40% from 58%. today, the vast majority of the world top ten companies are american. in 1989 four were american, six were japanese. as for building, during these decades, america created and built the information economy, surely one of the greatest transform eggs and advances in human history. in 1990 the great fear in america was overtaken by japan seen as the predator economic power that was eating our lunch, but as the economist ♪s, in 1990 it was just 17% higher than japan. today, it is a staggering 54% higher. look at democrats or energy or leading technology companies and
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every way you see america in a dominant position. perhaps we got something right. the other worry i have is of the efficacy of large-scale intervention in the government and subsidy key areas to obtain the lead for national you are skooity reasons. brilliant people like sullivan may think they are well positioned to identify the key strategic industries that need support, but historically these kind of intervention have not gone so well. companies focused on lobbying the government rather than responding to the market. subsidies once in place become eternal and innovation slows down. in the 1980s and '09s, japan's much admired democrats pushed the country into the lead. in the word of a harvard business review essay, the
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artificial intelligence, maglev trains and micromachines and hdtv all proved to be multimillion dollar debacles. finally, sullivan insisted that these policies were not designed to be america first or alone, but the facts are clear. almost every element of joe biden's economic policy has a buy america component to it. its green subsidies are causing some european companies to build new plants in america, this sounds great, but not to the europeans who must now offer industries their own bribes to invest at home instead. it conjures up a vision of the world that is quite far removed from reality. the iphone is made up of dozens of products from six continents though the vast majority of its profits accrue in the united states and as the u.s. preaches the need for a rules-based international order, it is worth noting that it is violating the core of that order.
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every one of these policies is in violation of the letter or spirit of the wto and its framework of open trade. this hypocrisy is rarely discussed in the u.s., but frequently and angrily pointed out abroad. the greatest challenge for americans over the last few decades has been that middle class wages have not kept up with rising costs of living. that problem will surely get exacerbated by raising costs of goods throughout the economy through tariffs and industrial policy. as larry summers points out, protecting the 60,000 workers in the american steel industry sounds smart, but when you do it by raising the price of steel, the 6 million workers who you steal as an input in their goods all suffer. a foreign policy that produces persistent, systemic inflation will fail to deliver for the
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middle class who are, as joe biden often says its intended beneficiaries. go to cnn.com/fareed for a link to my washington post column this week and let's get started. ♪ ♪ the freshly crowned king being kissed on the cheek by the next in line for the throne. that seems like a perfect clip to frame a conversation about the future of the british monarchy, and i asked joanna coles to talk to me about that. born in britain, coles is a longtime editor in chief of everything marie claire, cosmo. what -- how do you contrast this coronation with the last one and this is the longest gap between coronations in history. >> it's been 70 years and it's
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extraordinary to think how the world has changed when princess elizabeth was crowned in 1952 britain was still a huge dominant global power and she actually was officially when she became queen, the head of state of 32 different countries and their empires were slimmed down countries and seceding faster than you can say their names and actually, she was in kenya when she learned that her father george vi had died and she would become queen and ten years later declared independence. so britain's own role in the world is very different. the coronation at the time, they had 7,000 people in the cathedral or in the abbey, westminster abbey and they were largely, frankly tough. they were people who within the class system in britain felt utterly entitled to attend and what you saw in king charles'
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coronation was a very different britain, much more inclusive and lots of health workers turning up after the covid crisis instead of, you know, cor on nets or baronets for god knows why in the house. >> i was struck by if you look at the statistics on what part of britain's supports the monarchy. what is striking is i think we have a chart there. as you get older, your support grows. so young people, it's at 32%. old people is at 78%. will he succeed in making the monarchy relevant? well, he said he wants to slim it down and what did we see yesterday an enormous global, vent and not only has it lost its empire, but it had the self-imposed decision to leave europe and it's this little island on the edge of europe.
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what it can do and what britain is now is this sort of brilliant, creative event-making process. you know, you think of peter morgan and the crown and some of the top shows on netflix are british written, british directed and british actors and you saw emma thompson very much in evidence at the coronation and they say they're slimming down and what they're using it for is a short window to promote browned britain and it's the creative industries that britain is very good at and this was the shop window to see them. >> charles, as prince of wales, was very outspoken as much as a royal can be about the environment, about architecture and about sustainable farming, you know, he had views on islam. i thought he was right about what he mostly talked about, but you can't do that as king, can you? >> well, we'll find out.
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what's interesting to your point is he was often ahead of his time. huge believer in addressing climate change, big convener of thinkers. i think what you will see is a sort of a think tank monarchy. tina brown who has written about the royal family has talked about him being a transitional monarch and william sitting at the coronation, what must he have been thinking especially watching his father where he bends to kiss him, but i think charles will be a think tank monarchy. he was told by liz truss, the british prime minister who lasted longer than a head of letters and he did go to cop and what he did do was convene his own version of cop at the weekend which actually everyone said was much more interesting and much more thoughtful than cop. so i think he will be able to do this in a thoughtful, entertaining way which keeps the
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monarchy rell vevant, but doesn keep it too provocative. >> we have a minute left, harry. have any thoughts on that? >> i was sad for him and he slipped away in a black car on his own and he wanted to be home for his son's fourth birthday and what would have been a bigger birthday than watching your grandfather be crowned king. i was glad he came. people in britain felt glad he came, but i felt -- every parent sees that and has some inkling of what's going on, but i'm glad he came. >> joanna coles, always a pleasure. next on "gps," mass shootings, looming debt ceiling crisis, bitterly divided washington. how is the u.s. perceived by the rest of the world? we'll be back in a moment with a global panel. this electric feels different... because it's powered by the most potent source
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about with today's panel so let's get right to it. zanny, the editor in chief of the economist joins us from london and michael love is 14 time zones away, but is on set with me in new york and he's the executive director of the international think tank based in sydney, australia. michael, tell me, 14 time zones away, what does joe biden's america look like to you? >> look, i think he deserves more credit than he gets. i think he's shaping up as a foreign policy president of the first rank. if you think he responded to the russian invasion of ukraine with a master class in state craft and alliance management, russia looks much weaker now.
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nato is larger and stronger. in asia, i would say that he has managed the relationship with china as well as could be imagined. you see u.s. allies moving towards the united states. you also see around the world connections between democracies quickening. you see democracies reaching out towards each other, and this comes off the back of the trauma of the trump years, so i would say from an allied perspective, biden look good. >> you guys did that editorial, that cover story that i mentioned in my opening take. do you feel like that's sense of america's economic strength is felt around the world and in europe in particular? >> i think it is. the sense of the strength is felt and so, too, what was brought out in your commentary which is that america is going to change the rules and the holder of the rules-based order
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is now going on on his own industrial policy which is not at all rules based. i was listening to michael's upbeat ashssessment and i share his assessment and after the battle in afghanistan there's been enormous success in creating alliances and there are two places where it is an issue with t with the biden in administration. the america first industrial policy, it is not focused primarily on the rest of the world and increasingly there's an attempt, this is an america that's not open for access trade deals and that's not lost on the rest of the world and one other big thing that i think the u.s. is falling short on is bringing what people like to call the global south and bringing the rest of the world with it. it has clearly, the biden administration has continued a tougher policy on china and tougher than president trump and it has united the trump-alliance
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over ukraine and a lot of the rest does not support ukraine and is skeptical to what the u.s. is doing and to be sustainable in the medium and long term those two things really need to be addressed. >> what do you think about that? in particular this issue of the global south. i don't know if you saw there was a very interesting article in foreign affairs by ashleytelis, one of the smartest strategic analysts, and he said asia is going its own way. it is not becoming a duty ifl american ally. it will not side with america in the kind of the race -- with regard to china. it needs china for trade just as much as it needs america for some security assurances. >> well, there's no question that the chinese economy is so large it exerts a tremendous magnetic effect on every country in our region. there's no way -- there's no doubt that india has the own concerns and will -- and will
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chart its own course, but i would say to you that not withstanding that, everybody in asia wants their own place in the sun. no one wants to live in the shadow of china. so most countries in my part of the world want a leading role for the united states and yes, they may have some concerns about american policy from time to time, but i think in general, they see steadiness from the administration and they see the resilience of america and its economy, and that's why i feel positive, actually. >> zanny, what will this look like if there's this game of chicken played with the debt crisis? >> well, if it's a game of chicken that ends badly it could be catastrophic and fareed, i lived in chicken and each time something is resolved in the last minute to run fiscal policy.
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this artificially politically-imposed deadline that results in a fake crisis and not withstanding that, the debt does have a medium and long term fiscal problem and we have an issue that shows for the last half century the u.s. budget deficits averaged 3.5% of gdp. going forward, if you add on top of the official projections what the likely cost of this new industrial policy is going to be, if you add on the probability that there will be a recession at some point. you're looking at 7% of budget deficits and that's twice as big and there has to be some kind of agreement to cut spending and also to raise revenue and both sides have put off entitlement and no one will touch that. no one will really do proper broad-based tax increases and there's this very weird situation where you have a pantomime brinkmanship that can end in disaster and usually it gets sorted out, but who knows?
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janet yellen says default could come as soon as june 1st and there is a problem that at some point needs to be dealt with. >> yeah. i think you're right about the long-term problem. the long-term problem is that for a while it's now been clear that americans are very comfortable with the level of spending that the democrats propose and the level of taxes that republicans propose. that leaves a very large gap which we make up by borrowing. all right. we will talk more about everything next on gps, one of the things i want to bring up there are only six countries in the world that have nuclear-powered submarines in the ocean and there will be seven, all arrestia. the pacific subs are meant to send a message to china. will beijing hear it and what will the consequences be when we come back. it's a mess out there. that's why there's 85% more tide in every power pod.
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and we are back here on gps with zanny minton beddoes, the editor in chief of the economist and mikal fullilove. michael, you have these nuclear subs that the chinese are not happy, but australia and china have gone through some pretty rough times, though. the chinese had those 14 demands and then they blocked trade -- >> it's been wild. >> they blocked trade with australia. where do things stand now? >> off taustralia's relationshih china has changed and they didn't like off the rail yan policy and they attempted a campaign of economic coercion against australia. it sort of petered out because of the high price of iron ore. >> in australia. >> certainly not in china. what you have is a dual track
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policy and deterrence on the diplomacy side, stabilizing the relationship with china ending the silent treatment, and talks between leaders and foreign ministers, but also on the deterrence side, as you say, investing in new capabilities including the nuclear powered submarines that would give us a deterrent punt. >> and traders back to normal. >> trade at a macro level it continued because of the high price of iron ore. individual there are still trade blockages on sectors and firms, but in general trade it didn't slow down much to the consternation of the chinese. >> zanny, how does this look in europe in i keep hearing from european statesmen and businessmen that, look, europe has to do business with china. they will not be able to join in an american blockade, but yet the u.s. is pushing pretty hard. where does all of this end for europe? >> so i think there's a lot of questioning going on in europe and a lot of soul-searching
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about where exactly the europeans should be, and you will remember the very, very angry reaction in europe to those comments of president emanuel macron when he came back taiwan was not a european issue and so i think the europeans are trying to work this out and interestingly, i've noticed in the last few weeks a tad of a change of rhetoric from washington, which i think is designed to make it easier for the europeans and in that speak of jake sullivan that you described in the beginning of the show where he laid out the biden doctrine and he mentioned that the focus was not decoupling and he quoted us from the european union president and the european commission president to say that he was derisking and when i was in washington a couple of weeks ago everyone was very keen to tell me that it was about derisking and it did not want decoupling and the trouble is that all of the other elements of the u.s. strategy point -- they like to use the analogy that the u.s.
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needs a small yard with a high wall and that has been widely interpreted with using u.s. economic weaponry to essentially push china -- keep china back in foundational technologies and in europe, there's a lot of concern about that because on the one hand there's growing recognition in europe and on the other hand, as you say, particularly in countries like germany, there's an incredible economic relationship with china, companies like basf and the german car companies wouldn't be at all where they are without china. >> very briefly tell me, what is your sense of what is happening in china because you were in china recently for that annual china development forum. how do they -- how do the chinese perceive what is going on? >> there is real anger. i was shocked, fareed. i went back and i hadn't been there since 2019, four years, a
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real hardening and a sense that the united states is a bullying power determined to keep china down. they want us -- one scholar said to me, to be a fat cat and not the tiger that the chinese consider themselves want to be. i came back feeling very gloomy having been in washington and beijing that both sides see the other as a mortal threat in some ways, and that this is a really dangerous position to be in. subsequently, there has been, i think, some attempt to moderate the rhetoric, but it is very grim out there and this is a relationship in terrible, terrible shape. >> michael, i have to ask you before we go, you are australian which means that king charles is technically your head of state. what is that issue looking like in australia? there had been a push for a kind of republicanism and taking the -- the british monarch off the european currency.
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where do things stand and do you think charles will be the last royal head of state of australia? >> i thought the images from london were incredible and they showed us again that no one does ceremonial like the brits. i like charles. i like your sense of humor and i think he was ahead of his time in his environment, but i'm australian and i think most americans would be sympathetic to that. i wish charles well, long live the king, but in the long term, i think our head of state should be one of us. >> and is that what the -- what does the politics look like would most australians share your views? >> look, i think if you expressed it that way yes, when you get into what the model is and how you change the government it becomes complicated and when we look ahead we have to have fondness for the monarchy and ultimately
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know that our future depends on ourselves and that means all offices under the australian constitution, in my opinion, should be held by australians. >> michael fullilove, zanny benton, we will have the channel back soon. bernard henri l eevee has spent time on the front alines f ukraine and he has strongly held beliefs of how this will end. he will be here to explain that in a moment. with a replacement we could trust. that's service the way we want it. >> singers: ♪ safelite repair, safelite replace. ♪
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and balk moout, he went to document what he saw. the result is an impressive new documentary called slava ukraini which means dmroglory to ukrain. bernard, welcome. >> thank you, fareed. >> i want to ask you about this issue of bravery just to begin with because it's always struck me as it's sometimes underrated when we often think about smarts and intelligence, but when you think of great leadership like with zelenskyy, bravery, courage is one of the most important things. do you think that's traineded? do you think it's inborn? >> it's one of the most important and one of the most forgotten. we were so surprised when zelenskyy decided to stay. we were so surprised when the whole ukrainian people stood at his side. it was absolutely unexpected.
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none of us waited that and nevertheless it happened. whole people reconnected with the great tradition of brave citizenship like in the beginning of america, like in athens in ancient greece, like in the french revolution, this is what happened in ukraine and this is one of the great events which we saw. >> when you went on the front lines and you talked to these soldiers, they're up against a very formidable foe and the rugs are russians are doing what we haven't seen since world war ii destroying facilities and hospitals, are they losing their nerve? are they losing their courage? >> i never saw that.
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maybe it happens, but i never sought that. i was in hot places and what i saw was quiet bravery and not this bravery which is a fake one going to the enemy, but well-mastered bravery everywhere. losing their nerves? never. protecting the weak, putting old people in the shelter and going to fetch them in the fire, this i saw many times and this is what i report in the documentary in many, many scenes. >> you know that people look at the strategic situation from afar and they say, look, the ukrainians will make some gains in this coming counter offensive, but at the end of the day the russians have dug in in crimea and in the core part of the donbas that they took in 2014. so there will have to be some
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negotiation and there will have to be some settlement. what do you say? >> i don't believe that. number one, if there is a com from myself it would be a disaster for all of us when you compromise with someone who decided that we are his enemy and that he declared a total war against the whole civilized world and it's a very bad thing. a compromise with hitler, a compromise with putin is for all of us a bad thing, number one. number two, i don't think it would be necessary. what i observed on the ground during these six months of footage, each time the ukrainians decided with the rise bravery to launch an offensive they won and sometimes very often the russians did not even try to resist, in kherson, for example. so when the ukrainians will
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decide this they are strong enough, equipped enough to go to donetsk and to go to crimea, they will, and you will be surprised how little the russians will resist. number three, the only thing which is missing and which we have to do is to give the equipment and to give it strongly, quickly and not in the incremental way which is the motto and the dobctrine of too many diplomats. if we give what they need, things can go quick and the war can stop and we can spare some human lives. you are a big supporter of emanuel macron in france. on this issue, do you think macron is searching for a compromise, a solution? he still talks to putin, do you think he agrees with what you're saying? >> i think so. i -- i think that macron never
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felt for a compromise with putin. he spoke with him in the beginning and not to so much compromise, but to appeal for what he believed he could remain in his brain of reason. he tried to explain to him that he was making a mistake and not to make a -- there was one point on which macron never changed. rus russia has to be defeated and the victory will be, macron always said that and i had the privilege, by the way, to be asked by macron to be there in his last man to man meeting with zelenskyy in paris. they had a meeting two or three months ago. i was in the room with andre
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yermak, presidentel zelenskyy a president macron and the position of macron was very clear, the victory has to be yours, president zelenskyy and what victory means it's you to decide, not us. not diplomats, not american, not france, not europe. it's your country, it's your combat and it is your position and this is the position of france. >> bernard henri levy, always a pleasure to talk to you. >> thank you, fareed. >> go to movie theaters and watch the movie "slava ukraini." next on "gps" some might say a change of british head of state and he woke up and went to sleep as king charles, and he's the monarch of what has changed over the century. that when we come back. der ten .
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king charles iii has had to plan his coronation with careful diplomacy navigating touchy personal issues like what to do with his son harry and his brother andrew. but that is nothing compared to one of his predecessors, george iv, who insisted that his own wife be denied entry to his coronation in 1821. amongst his wife, caroline of brunswick's offenses were eating raw onion, flirting pro miss wasly and swearing like a sailor. king george pressed an adultery case against her, hoping their marriage would be dissolved by the time he was anointed king. the plan didn't work. caroline with her earthy qualities was loved by the commoners who were growing discontented by the british monarchy and add into the mix an
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unlikable king and press that took caroline's side. she was in many ways britain's first tabloid princess or queen, actually, but she didn't enjoy it for long. she died of an illness a few weeks after george iv was crowned. so coronations have been much crazier and messier in the past than these days. in fact, the british monarchy was tamed and transformed by a coronation. that of queen elizabeth in 1953. it happened because this thousand-year-old tradition was, for the first time, televised. ahead of the event, the bbc repurposed old military transmitters in order to expand its coverage to reach a broader public. tv sales in the country skyrocketed in anticipation. an estimated 27 million people in the u.k. tuned in which is more than half of the population at the time. the british royal air force even flew bombers carrying film canisters of the event across the pond to be broadcast on
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american networks. since then, television has shaped the modern british monarchy and the royal family has essentially become televised performance theater for all of us. but where the crowning of queen elizabeth featured a fresh faced young up an jenu, king charles brings waning public interest. in a recent poll in the uk conducted for cnn, about half said they had little or no interest in the coronation and only 20% said they were very interested in it. young people were particularly unamused with 57% saying they were not too or at all interested. the firm, as the british monarchy is often called due to its function as a business, has taken note, opting for a slimmed down coronation and an appeal to the public mood this time around. the sacred oil used to anoint charles as king was vegan.
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and as the country faces a cost of living crisis that has left a record number of british families relying on food banks, the royals skipped the tradition of parading gold bars in front of the king this year. still, a spectacle of it, however unpalatable to some, was viewed by millions and millions around the world. as "new york" magazine points out, most of us americans care about the coronation of king charles iii because we're messy ex-brits who live for drama. and right they are. according to nielsen ratings roughly 11.4 million people tuned in for queen elizabeth's funeral in december. two decades, a more staggering number reported 33.2 millions americans watched princess diana's funeral. the magic and the misery of the monarchy has played out in other ways on tv and in film to global audiences where critically
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acclaimed series like "the crown" have been gold, netflix has started production on a biopic called "scoop" which off ears behind-the-scenes look at the now infamous bbc news interview with prince andrew that focused on his ties to the pedophile jeffrey epstein. and to keep things exciting, the dissident royals have ventured into the latest innovation in drama, reality tv. the six-hour long series "harry and meghan" is netflix's highest viewed documentary of all time with 28 million households streaming in the first four days in order to find out why the couple decided to leave the royal family. prince harry's book "spare" was a record-breaking success despite being criticized as a whiney, out of touch memoir that airs the family's dirty laundry. that was immortalized on a episode of southpark. >> in your new book, "wah."
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how the monarchty holds up under king charles' reign is still to be seen but we will keep watching for sure because if we've learned anything, it is that royal content is always king. thanks to all of you for being part of my program this week. i will see you next week. if you miss a show go to cnn.com/fareed for a link to my itunes podcast. yeah. today let's paint. right now, get america's most trusted paint brand at a new low price starting at $28.98. behr. only at the home depot. as someone living with type 2 diabetes, i want to keep it real and talk about some risks. with type 2 diabetes you have up to 4 times greater risk of
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