tv CNN News Central CNN May 31, 2023 10:00am-11:00am PDT
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$100,000. tara reid, the former senate aide, has now defected to russia. she said she wants russian citizenship. she talked in a news conference along with maria buninov. she claims she got death threats after accusing biden. no staffers have backed up her story and reid has faced a number of credibility concerns. president biden has strongly denied her allegations. sunday night live from iowa jake tapper moderates a presidential town hall with nikki haley. the evening kicks off sunday, 8:00 p.m. eastern right here on cnn. thanks for your time, we'll see you tomorrow. "cnn news central" starts right now. time is running out and the pressure is ramping up.
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we are following all the developments in the house where lawmakers are on track to vote on a bill to raise the nation's debt limit. a key vote in this race to avoid default is just over two hours away and we're on it. u.s./china tensions soaring. a chinese fighter jet gets so close to a u.s. spy plane it causes turbulence. the pentagon is calling it an unnecessarily aggressive maneuver in international airspace. we'll have more on this close call ahead. and nasa tracking ufos. the space agency holding its first-ever public meeting on unidentified aerial phenomenon. the truth is out there. we're following these major developing stories and many more all coming in right here to cnn news central. heading to the house floor with no time to lose. soon the house will hold a critical vote on president biden and speaker kevin mccarthy's
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debt ceiling deal, with the nation barreling toward june 5th, the day the treasury department says it will no longer bow able to pay its bills. leaders from both parties are expressing confidence the deal will get passed today. there are two significant . 218. that's how many votes the bill needs to pass the house if every lawmaker is present. the other number to watch is 111. that is half the republican membership. the bill does not get a majority of republican votes, kevin mccarthy could be in trouble. hard-line conservatives have suggested they would move to oust the speaker if the bill does not reach that threshold. manu, i know both parties have been counting heads. do they believe they have the votes? >> reporter: they do. they believe that it actually could pass by a comfortable margin tonight. i just spoke with a very upbeat house speaker, kevin mccarthy, who indicated that he is
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confident. he believes that they will have a majority of house republicans who will support this bill. that is not going to be enough to get it over the finish line. they need democrats as well. hakeem jeffries urging democrats to get behind this bill and expecting a sizeable number of democrats will push this over the finish line. when i just asked the speaker about this and the political fallout, he downplayed any political fallout for him as he remains confident this will pass by a healthy margin tonight. >> do you expect a majority of the majority? >> oh, yeah. >> do you think you'll get 150 republican votes? >> i know they tried to set a number for us. >> have you talked to people like dan bishop and the like who said any may support vacating you as chair. >> everybody has the ability to do what they want. but if you think i'm going to wake up in the morning and be worried about that, it doesn't
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bother me. they have the right to do it. >> now, as part of mccarthy's deal to win the speakership, he did agree for a single member to call for a vote seeking his ouster. right now even those hard-line critics are divided over whether to go that far. some have suggested they might. but if mccarthy can get a majority of his republican caucus that support this plan, that effort to push him out will dissipate among those members considering going that route. so the expectation is that mccarthy will get the votes on the house side and then the democrats will break ranks -- side with the white house and a handful of progressives are expected to vote against this plan. then expected to go over to the senate where we expect final action and likely enough votes to overcome any filibuster attempt in the days ahead, putting this messy standoff and risky standoff behind them starting tonight. >> you might call it a
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bipartisan vote if all those numbers come together to avoid that fiscal cliff. manu raju on capitol hill, thanks so much. u.s./china tensions hitting new heights after a close encounter in the south china sea. this is a chinese fighter jet that is highlighted there. keep an eye on the jet. the chinese pilot carried out this aggressive maneuver cutting directly in front of the american plane. you can see it shuddered a bit from the turbulence. they say they deliberately intruded over a training area. oa oren liebermann is joining us. these are widely considered to be international waters. china disputes that. >> that's right. china claims much of the south china sea as its own territorial sea and therefore the airspace above that as chinese airspace, not international airspace. that is part of the dispute
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here. the u.s. doesn't recognize that nor does many other countries. so the u.s. can fly there just like we saw this reconnaissance airplane. take a look at this video. this is on friday. the rc-135, again a reconnaissance airplane flying over the south china sea. that chinese jet cuts in front forcing it to fly through the wake turbulence and that taking is the shudder as the airplane passes through that turbulent air. we have seen chinese aircraft do this before. not against u.s. aircraft but others as well. back in december, another chinese fighter jet from the navy came within 20 feet of the nose of a similar aircraft. so the u.s. sees this as a pattern of aggressive behavior, but it's not just these aggressive interactions between u.s. and chinese military aircraft. the broader problem is a lack of communication between the sides. lloyd austin traveling in the
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indo-pacific where he'll be in singapore in just a couple of days. the u.s. had reached out about a chance to meet his chinese counterpart. they hadn't gotten back for some time until they were rejected by the chinese. so there will be no meeting. and the u.s. sees that as a major concern. here is john kirby from the national security council. >> when you have tensions as high as they are, you want to avoid miscalculations and misunderstandings. just over the weekend there was an unsafe and unprofessional intercept by a prc fighter jet with one of our air force aircraft over the south china sea. when you have tensions like this, you want to make sure you can talk. that's why we want to keep the lines of communication open. >> reporter: worth noting that president joe biden said he would eventually meet chinese president xi jinping. worth asking under what conditions something like that might even happen right now. >> oren liebermann, thank you.
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boris. this incident comes at a very sensitive time so let's expand the conversation with cnn military analyst, general wesley clark. he is a former supreme allied commander of nato. general, thanks for being with us. at the core of this incident is the dispute between china and the united states over the south china sea of the china says this happened over their training ground. the united states says this is international waters. i'm wondering what you make of that dispute? >> well, i think it's very important for the united states to continue to insist that this international waters. something like a third of the world's commerce goes through the south china sea. that's not china's territorial waters under the law of the sea convention. it is something they declared with a so-called nine dash line that some government wrote up in 1948 and they seized on it. this has gone on for several
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years. they built up these atolls and put air bases on them and armed them with air defense missiles after they promised president obama they wouldn't do that. so we're continuing to assert freedom of navigation of the seas and freedom to do air reconnaissance in the skies and we must continue to insist on this. >> obviously one of many points of contention between the two powers but perhaps the most likely to lead to a dangerous escalation. as we saw in this video, the surveillance plane encounters turbulence. if there's any miscommunication or miscalculation, there could be a serious incident. >> that's right. it could cause an incident and it's happened in the past. some 20 years ago, an american reconnaissance plane had its wing clipped by a chinese fighter. it had to make a forced landing in chinese territory. the chinese got an intelligence
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bonanza after that. i'm sure our rivet joint crews are very well aware of this. if anything were to happen, it's to protect the intelligence collection information onboard that rivet joint. but this is the nature of the intelligence game. we've got to pick up those emissions to understand what's there and what the threat might be. >> north korea apparently failing in its effort to launch a spy satellite. the south korean military is trying to recover it right now. why is launching this spy satellite a priority for kim jong-un? >> he wants to be independent of reliance on even his friendly
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neighbors. it's another sign of national sovereignty and power and part of the game against south korea. so this is all political as well as geopolitical but it's also military. so he can have a satellite to look at whatever he wants. it's just a long pattern of north korean behavior. you know, they were under the missile control technology regime. they weren't supposed to be able to launch ballistic missiles and so forth. ten years ago russia began assisting them with the development of their ballistic program as well as their nuclear program as an offset against china. so north korea is playing off russia and china as well as pressuring the south korean government continually for concessions. >> general, the north koreans said they intend to launch another one as soon as possible. what does this failure tell you about their capabilities, especially in the context of an
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icbm? >> these capabilities are not robust, they're not as far along as they'd like to be, but it's also possible that things happened that interfered with that satellite launch. that's been known to happen before. there's known to be foreign interference in these programs that north korea has tried to advance. so, you know, we'll just have to continue to watch it. but yes, they're going to continue to press us on this. >> general wesley clark adding some intrigue to this north korean failure on the spy satellite launch. we appreciate your insight, sir. thank you so much. >> thank you. >> of course. brianna. in iowa, new presidential candidate ron desantis is shaking hands, he's posing for selfies and unleashing his sharpest words yet about his presumed presidential rival, donald trump. although desantis is still holding back on referring to his
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political nemesis by name, at least in public. >> he used to say how great florida was. hell, his whole family moved to florida under my governorship. are you kidding me? if someone is saying that, i'm going to counterpunch and fight back on it. i'm going to focus on biden and i think he should do the same thing. i'm focusing on biden, that's my focus. >> cnn political director david chalian is with us for more on this. what's he doing here? is he trying to reframe the narrative after that disastrous launch last week? >> well, listen, i think most people have probably forgotten about that launch with the twitter snafu last week. what he's doing is introducing himself to voters in terms -- in the context of being a presidential candidate. this was his debut trip on the campaign trail as a candidate. i thought we saw a pretty interesting approach from him. in his speech, brianna, he made
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it clear he's pursuing a two-pronged message. one, i am the person that represents the people against the powerful elite in washington. sort of like we heard from donald trump about the swamp creatures back in 2015 and 2016. but he is also saying i am the person who has proven i can win and defeat what he sees as sort of a leftist, woke ideology. his 19-percentage point victory for re-election last year, his slew of legislative victories with his republican legislature in florida, he uses that as data points to say i've actually accomplished this stuff. >> he wants to be seen as the alternative, the logical alternative to donald trump as compared to the other folks in the race? >> no doubt about it. and what do you do when you're in a political campaign? you punch up, you don't punch down. for ron desantis, he's holding a pretty unique position. there's only one person above him. the other folks have to find their way around that.
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for ron desantis if you're punching up and that's donald trump. he showed as you just played there, he's willing to take him on directly. >> so he's offering a lot of red meat to conservatives, which is very ron desantis of him. he's saying statements like it's time we impose our will on washington, d.c. how are republican voters reacting to that? >> our colleagues on the ground for this desantis debut spoke to some potential caucus goers there. you hear a range of opinions there. give a listen. >> i have not made up my mind. i want to learn more. i love trump because i love that he did what he said he was going to do. he was not bought. >> i like trump, i voted for trump. however, i think he's got too many legal irons in the fire. i think this is going to really help push desantis to the forefront. >> i voted for trump and thought he did a lot of things, but it was constant criticism all through the whole thing. i just feel like maybe another
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president in there can work across the lines. >> brianna, those last two voters you heard from there, these are people who supported donald trump in the past. this is ron desantis' opening, this concern we hear from voters among republicans about a level of trump exhaustion. either the legal troubles or the chaos of the trump administration. despite being a fan of his policies may not be the best path forward for the party this time around. that's the opening provided. donald trump is the front-runner and he's seeking to close that opening, but that is the opening that ron desantis is trying to run through. >> he'll have to convince people that he can carry that mantle. we'll see if he does that. david chalian, thank you so much. running out of time. people are still missing after the partial collapse of an apartment building in iowa. but the danger of letting what's left of the building stand is
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growing. plus new strikes inside russia sparking strong reactions from moscow, also from washington. what ukraine is saying about this just ahead. and there's a lot of talk about arming teachers among gun advocates to protect children from shootings at school. now we know how teachers feel about it. details of a new survey and much more. all of this ahead on "cnn news central." the all-new ergo smart base from tempur-pedic automatically responds to snoring. so, no more hiding under your pillow. cause this system actually detects snoring then adjusts to help reduce it. for a limited time, save up to $500 onelect tempur-pedic adjustle mattress sets. ah, these bills are crazy. she has no idea she's sitting on a goldmine. well she doesn't know that if she owns a life insurance policy of $100,000 or more she can sell all or
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they're buoyed by this, teams rescuing a ninth person yesterday, two days after six floors of 324 west main street suddenly fell. they also brought out several pets. the cause of this collapse still under investigation. the mayor saying it's not known if criminal charges may be warranted. boris. the second day of testimony is under way in the federal death penalty trial of robert bowers, this man accused of killing 11 jewish worshippers at pittsburgh's tree of life synagogue in 2018. victims' family members were back in court hearing more about that deadly october day in grueling detail. danny, there was more powerful testimony today from family members. >> reporter: that's right, boris. in fact we today heard the first family member of a person killed testify this morning. we also got new exhibits early
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this morning we had not seen that paints a picture of what actually happened but first i want to get emotional testimony we heard. we heard from carol black. carol black is the sister of richard godfried. richard was one of the victims killed in this shooting back in october of 2018. carol black was also a survivor of the shooting. she described today she was in the synagogue. shots started to ring out. she and three other congregation members ran to a closet and bunkered inside of the closet she said on the stand today. one of the other members who was hiding with her in that closet was half in the closet and half exposed and the shooter came and killed that congregant half exposed. carol talked about how terrible that was that the shooter was so close to all of them hiding out
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in that spot. she also remembered her brother and others as hearts of the new c congregation worshipping in the tree of life synagogue. these were exhibits that were entered yesterday but we're allowed to show them to the public today. we saw crime scene tape, some blood in the hallways of the synagogue, even a magazine from a rifle on the ground. but there was one object that stood out to us in particular. it's a prayer book, an image of a prayer book on the ground. rabbi jeffrey myers said that he grabbed that prayer book from the synagogue and has kept that with him as a reminder of what happened. he said that he kept it because that prayer book, he said on the stand yesterday, was a witness to the horror of that day and one day when i'm not there, this book tells a story that needs to be told. we also saw new video that was brought up in court of the rabbi
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running out of the synagogue after police officers rescued him on that day. he testified too yesterday saying when prosecutors asked what was on your mind when you were rushing out there, he said i asked god to forgive me because i could not save fellow congregants who had already been killed inside. it's just a preview of what we're going to continue to see the next coming weeks. boris. >> excruciating to listen to but prosecutors believe it is important to share that with the jury so they understand the scope of what this suspect did. danny freeman, thanks so much from pittsburgh. jim. a major ruling in the legal battle over the opioid crisis. an appeals court ruled the sackler family will be immune from any current or future lawsuits in exchange for a $6 billion settlement. the sacklers own purdue pharma
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which began selling oxycontin in the '90s branding it as a nonaddictive drug. it's helped fuel the opioid epidemic which has killed more than half a million people in this country over the last 20 years. jean casarez joins us now. walk us through the settlement. yes, $6 billion payout but immunity from future lawsuits. >> reporter: you know, there's been so much litigation since 2019, so much compromise. this was really an affirmation of the original plan the bankruptcy judge agreed to in 2019. in 2019 when the sackler family was thinking about declaring bankruptcy for their company, big pharma, purdue pharma, they said we will do this and we will put our own money, we'll put $4.5 billion into the bankruptcy, but we want all of
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the civil cases that are against us to go into the channels of bankruptcy, which is protocol anyway. but we want immunity from those cases and any future cases. well, at the time all the lawsuits between purdue pharma and the sacklers according to legal documents, $40 trillion is what it amounted to. and so that's when the negotiation started. as the appeal went on, the sacklers went up to $6 billion that they would put into the bankruptcy action. here's what's going to come from those $6 billion. first of all, they are going to go to victims compensation because all of those suits went into the channels of bankruptcy. it's going into the opioid crisis abatement programs for the local level, for the state level, all around the country. it will also go for overdose rescue medicines which are so important and purdue pharma, the
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sackler family agreed they would do that. there is no more purdue pharma, but the sackler family will make sure those medicines are available on the local level, on the state level around the country. and so for the next years, this $6 billion will be put to good work. now, we do have a statement from purdue pharma. our creditors understand the plan is the best option to help those who need it most. the most fair and expedious way. 95% were agreeing with this. now those that appealed, they're relatively happy too because it went up to $6 billion during that appeal process. >> do we know what portion of the sackler family fortune they retain after a settlement like this? >> yes, they will retain a lot. they have so much money, offshore accounts, trusts. hard to get to all of that
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money. but in the money they will make from that money they'll still have much more in their own possession. >> important to keep in mind. jean casarez, thanks so much. coming up, moscow is vowing revenge after a series of drone attacks inside russia. what is ukraine saying about this? we'll take you live to kyiv. right now nasa is holding a public meeting on unidentified anomalous phenomena. that's another way to say ufos. so are we alone? or are we not?
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we moved out of the city so our little sophie could appreciate nature. but then he got us t-mobile home internet. i was just trying to improve our signal, so some of the trees had to go. i might've taken it a step too far. (chainsaw revs) (tree crashes) (chainsaw continues) (daughter screams) let's pretend for a second that you
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after more than a year of waging war in ukraine, russians are now experiencing some of the violence on their own soil. in belgorod, the region's governor said at least four people were injured after what they're describing as a massive strike. that follows a possible drone attack overnight on a russian oil refinery. local officials say a fire put out quickly and there were no casualties. still the scope and frequency drawing attention. fred pleitgen is in kyiv. we've seen a series of these attacks on russian-held territory in ukraine but also increasingly on russia. what are ukrainian officials
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saying about this or are they keeping deliberately coy. >> reporter: first, i would say they are keeping deliberately coy but they are making suggestions that they might possibly have a certain role in this. an advisor to ukraine's presidency came out an said, look, we're not going to say we're behind all of this. however, one of the things he did say is attacks like these are going to uncrease. the war is going to come especially to the border areas in russia. you had that drone attack in moscow which the ukrainians said they had no direct involvement in. obviously that a coy statement in itself. but if you look at the belgorod region, that is key because from there we've been hearing about cross-border attacks for the past couple of weeks. last week you had that raid by anti-putin russian fighters. today you have the shelling which the governor there said he's extremely concerned about. that's in a village that is
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right by the border, a small little village, but it is very close to the actual town of belgorod, which is a major logistic hub not just for the russian military itself but also for their invasion of ukraine. certainly this is having an unnerving effect on the russian military and very much also on the people who live down there, jim. >> listen, i remember you standing on that border in the very first stages of this war watching those russian tanks roll in. fred pleitgen, thanks so much. boris. still ahead, new restrictions on transgender athletes in alabama. plus, would arming teachers make kids safer? we'll hear directly from educators ahead on "cnn news central."
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you're watching "cnn news central." here's a look at some of the other headlines we've been following this hour. alabama's governor has just signed legislation banning transgender women from playing on female college sports teams. this follows other new rules considering trans athletes which include locker room restrictions and the use of puberty blockers for minors. a transgender rights group says the new ban is part of a systemic attack against lgbtq people. plus, a widely used tool for submitting college applications is adopting a new feature. colleges will be able to hide race and ethnicity on applications submitted through the common app. this move is designed to make it easier for schools to adjust to any forth coming legal changes
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as the supreme court nears a decision on affirmative action. in florida, hundreds turning out for a school board meeting concerning the fifth grade teacher under investigation for showing a disney movie featuring a gay character in her classroom. she gave a passionate plea in her own defense. >> the system is open. let the students read and learn. let the teachers teach. everyone deserves to be represented and that's what we need to preach. >> numerous parents, teachers and students attended the meeting voicing their opinions. brianna. there have been 22 shootings in k through 12 schools so far this year. so far after these shootings this is the rallying cry that you hear from republicans. >> i want to arm teachers. i want to have secure schools. >> in those states and school districts where that's happened, where they have allowed qualified teachers and staff to carry, there hasn't been a
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single mass shooting in one of those schools. >> for about $12 million, we could fund armed security guards at the entrance of every school in america and also arm every willing teacher. >> but a new report shows more than half of the nation's teachers think that arming themselves would actually make students less safe. still, near ly one in five teachers say they would carry a firearm at school if it is permitted. jennifer massia covers gun violence. thanks for being with us to talk about this. obviously it's an incredibly controversial idea. it is actually in effect in some places. tell us what it looks like where they're doing this in schools. are these teachers trained? are they actually trained? are they on their persons or locked up? how are they do it? >> so 28 states have laws that permit staffers or designated school officials to have access
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to guns. it really depends. state law can authorize this, but really it depends on district-by-district policies. so the study's authors note that we need to look at this more because to break down every district policy, you may have 35 different practices. so what happens, we actually, my colleagues and i looked at a middle school in western ohio. and there were gun safes with handguns, nondescript black safes in undisclosed locations around the school. only designated staffers knew exactly where they were. so you have a situation where if a shooting is isolated to a certain part of the school, is it possible for staffers to reach those guns in time? even when there are armed guards on school campuses, there's still casualties. even law enforcement has a very hard time intercepting these
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shooters before they can kill. >> so talk about the potential for accidents, right? what accidents are most likely to occur? what is the potential there? >> so over the last five years there have been at least 100 instances where teachers or armed guards have left guns in bathrooms or classrooms for children to find. sometimes during demonstrations there have been incidences where students have grabbed officers' guns off of their holsters. when you have guns accessible and visible, they're more accessible an rivisible to students and kids are into everything. even when armed guards are mism mishandling guns and there have been accidental discharges, how much better will teachers fare. in ohio, you require 700 hours of training for a teacher to be armed. a bill last year took that down
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to 24 hours. we have a situation where more training would probably reduce those incidents but the trend is in the opposite direction. >> we're also talking, especially when we're talking about mass shootings which gets so much attention. we're talking in this case about handguns mostly, right? most school shooters are using ar-15 style semiautomatic rifles. in this case considering that school shooters usually seem to want to die. that seems to be the ending for so many of them. not all of the teachers in this case would be armed. the ones who are would be armed with lesser weapons. would this really be a deterrent in those situations or does there need to be more research? >> a handgun is really no match for an ar-15. what you said is correct, a lot of these shooters pick these very deadly weapons because they want to kill as many people as possible in the shortest amount of time. so if somebody breaches a campus with an ar-15 even when there's an armed guard there, they're
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likely going to, because of the power of that weaponry, kill people before a teacher could access a safe and whip out a handgun, even if the handgun was accessible in a desk or a biometric safe that students couldn't reach. that teacher is likely to be shot or killed before they can intervene. it's very tricky. again, this is something that as we've seen law enforcement has an issue with. >> and we certainly do. we certainly do, even when they are heavily armed. jennifer mascia, thank you very much for that. jim. so what exactly is out there and could it be stranger than science fiction? what nasa is finding as it studies ufos. that's just ahead.
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. today a pentagon official said that the u.s. is tracking more than 800 what they refer to as unidentified anomalous phenomena or uaps. they're not saying that most or even any of them are e.t.s but they are working on this and trying to find ways to create a road map for how they are analyzed going forward. as of now the quality of the reports they are looking at is really wide ranging from military aircraft sightings to
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citizen cell phone video. this is one of them from a p-3 military aircraft, this in the western u.s. see those three dots? it appeared it turned out to be distant aircraft. here's another example of the kinds of reports that nasa gets almost daily. >> this is an example of one that i showed at the hearing recently. this is a spherical orb, metallic in the middle east, 2022 by an mq-9. we'll come back to the sensor question raised here in a moment. this is a typical example of the thing that we see most of. we see these all over the world and we see these in making very interesting apparent maneuvers. >> he's referring to an mq-9 drone. joining me is the principal investigator of nasa's first ever grant to look for
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signatures of advanced life on distant worlds. good to have you, professor. >> pleasure to be here. >> first let's start with the big picture question. when you look at these sightings, do you see anything that is credible evidence that some, not most of them but perhaps some of them could be something extraterrestrial? >> the answer is no. you know, my job as a scientist is going to be looking for life on other worlds and there's nothing that even comes close to the standards of evidence that we would need for ourselves to be able to claim that we found evidence for life on another world. so right now the data is just nowhere near what we need. >> okay. so let's look. for instance, in that video, that testimony that was just played as they were showing video from a drone in the middle east of orb, this is a kind of thing that we've seen more than once, often picked up by the sensitive instruments as we're
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showing here on aircraft. and they tend to have these common qualities kind of tick-tack shaped. when you see examples like that, do you think it's an anomaly in the sensors or it could be, i don't know, chinese-russian new technology? >> there's a number of things that it could be. balloons that float around. as we seen, there's an amazing number of sightings that come down to being balloons in the air. in order to do science with these things, you need to know exactly what the instrument is. you need to know how the instrument was last serviced. you need to know about the software routines in it, the same kind of things we're going to need to do, if we ever get to the point of claiming we see life on other worlds, you got to be able to know exactly and explicitly how the data was collected, what instruments were used and only then can you actually go on and try to infer
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anything from the data. >> the pentagon has dipped its toe, shall we say, into this space a number of times in recent years and any time they do, it creates some big headlines. people are saying, wait a second, they're saying these could be ufos. does the pentagon have an angle in this? are they trying to tamp down speculation or leave it open? >> no, i think what's happened now, when you look at the history of ufo reports in the government, clearly during the cold war the military had an agenda, you know, because we were dealing with the russians and disinformation was great. i think now what's happened is there's been a recognition that people are seeing these things, there may be defense-related issues here, maybe air traffic related things here. i'm all for this, a true, open scientific investigation was what's happening. from there we'll be in a
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position to vuj wjudge whether there's anything more than terrestrial. i don't think we'll find it but -- >> very good. when you find it, please let us know. still ahead, the race to get the votes is on. the house scrambling to pass a debt ceiling bill as the clock ticks ever closer to a potential default. we're going to take you there in just moments . and relentlessly working with you to make them real. old school grit. new world ideas. morgan stanley.
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