them or not. there's some condolence there. the other thing is that "titanic" became a very important part of p.h.'s life and i don't think he would consider it an unnecessarily bad place to be buried. >> tom, i do want to ask you to standby for a moment. again, we are awaiting a press briefing from the u.s. coast guard. we understand that they are at the podium now. >> thank you for joining us now. this afternoon, rear admiral john mauger will be providing an update on the most recent findings from rov operations in search of the "titan" submersible. he will provide a brief statement and provide the opportunity for questions after. please limit your questions to one per outlet. following the briefing, the joint information center staff and i will be here to help you with any of your further needs. may i please introduce rear admiral john mauger.

>> this morning, an rov or remote operated vehicle, from the vessel "horizon arctic" discovered the tail cone of the "titan" submersible approximately 1600 feet from the bow of the "titanic" on the sea floor. the rov subsequently found additional debris. in consultation with experts from within the unified command, the debris is consistent with the catastrophic loss of the pressure chamber. upon this determination, we immediately notified the families.

on behalf of the united states coast guard and the entire unified command, i offer my deepest condolences to the families. i can only imagine what this has been like for them, and i hope that this discovery provides some solace during this difficult time. additionally, we've been in close contact with the british and french consul general to insure they are fully apprised and that their concerns are being addressed. the outpouring of support in this highly complex search operation has been robust and immensely appreciated. we are grateful for the rapid mobilization of experts on the

undersea search and rescue, and we thank all of the agencies and personnel for their role in the response. we're also incredibly grateful for the full spectrum of international assistance that's been provided. the rovs will remain on scene and continue to gather information. again, our most heartfelt condolences go out to the loved ones of the crew. we'll now take questions. >> what other debris have you found? >> can you talk about the delay in the [ inaudible ] and what effect that had on the recovery? >> this was an incredibly complex case and we're still working to develop the details for the timeline involved with

this casualty and the response. and so we'll provide that. >> sky news, john, what other debris have you found, and have you found any trace of those who were on it? >> so this is an incredibly complex operating environment on the sea floor over 2 miles beneath the surface, and so the remote operating vehicle has been searching, and it is highly capable and we've been able to classify parts of the pressure chamber for the "titan" submersible. let me refer to one of my undersea experts here, mr. paul hanken, to talk about the nature of some of the debris. >> thank you, admiral.

so essentially we found five different major pieces of debris that told us that it was the remains of the "titan." the initial thing we found was the nose cone, which was outside of the pressure hull. we then found a large debris field. within that large debris field, we found the front end bell of the pressure hull. that was the first indication that there was a catastrophic event. shortly thereafter we found the -- a second smaller debris field within that debris field, we found the other end of the pressure hull, the aft end bell, which was basically the -- comprised the totality of that pressure vessel. we continue to map the debris field and as the admiral said,

we will dot best we can to fully map out what's down there. >> go ahead. >> it's a very difficult question, so i'll ask it, an important one for the families of course, what are the prospects of recovering the bodies? >> so the question was related -- i'm restating the question from sometimes it's hard to hear the question here, what are the prospects for recovering crew members? and so this is an incredibly unforgiving environment down there on the sea floor, and the debris is consistent with a catastrophic implosion of the vessel and so we'll continue to work and continue to search the area down there, but i don't have an answer for prospects at

this time. >> any suggestion at all that the sub itself collided with the wreckage of "titanic" or that instead it might have imploded above the wreckage and then rained down nearby? >> so the question was, is there any question as to whether or not the sub collided with the "titanic" or whether it imploded above and debris field created from that? so the location of the "titan" submersible was in an area that was approximately 1600 feet from the wreck of the "titanic." i have an expert here that can -- that is familiar with that area and can talk about the debris field and what the debris field indicates in terms of the -- where the casualty may have occurred. carl?

>> wait. let's get the expert voice is coming up to answer the question. >> thank you, admiral. so the question is, where does the wreck lie in relation to the "titanic"? i didn't hear the admiral's answer. i think 1600 feet. was that correct, admiral? >> you got it. >> that's off the bow of "titanic." it's in an area where there is not any debris of "titanic." it is a smooth bottom. to my knowledge, anything i've seen, there's no "titanic" wreckage in that area, and again, 200 plus meters from the bow and consistent with the location of last communication for an implosion in the water column. the size of the debris field is consistent with that implosion in the water column. >> rear admiral, in terms of the timing here, you say that this was a catastrophic implosion and i know it's early on, but is it your estimation that this happened right at the moment when they lost contact an hour

and 45 minutes after their descent? >> the question was about the timing of the catastrophic implosion. right now, it is too early to tell with that. we know that as we've been prosecuting this search over the course of the last 72 hours and beyond, that we've had sonar buoy in the water nearly continuously and have not detected any catastrophic events when those sonar buoys have been in the water. >> can you describe what happens from here, sir, in the next days and weeks? . >> we will -- the question was, what happens from here? what's the next -- our thoughts are with the families in making sure that they have an

understanding, as best as we can provide, of what happened and begin to find some closure. in terms of the large process, we're going to continue to investigate the site of the debris field, and then i know that there's also a lot of questions about how, why, and when did this happen, and so, you know, those are questions that we will collect as much information as we can on now while the governments are meeting and discussing, you know, what an investigation of this nature of casualty might look like. this is something that happened, i'll just remind everybody, this is something that happened in a remote portion of the ocean,

with people from, you know, several different countries around the world, and so it is a complex case to work through. i am confident that those questions will begin to get answered. >> will the coast guard -- >> sir -- >> the uk. is there any suggestion that time factor, speed, anything could have prevented this or saved the five people on board, or is this quite simply a catastrophic accident? >> the question was, was there any suggestion that time factors may have played a role or consideration in the casualty here, and so the debris field is consistent with a catastrophic implosion of the vessel. again, while we were prosecuting the search, we had listening

devices in the water throughout and did not hear any signs of catastrophic failure from those. we're going to continue to investigate or we're going to continue to document the information there and understand based on all the information we have, the timeline. [ inaudible ]. >> what does it mean for the resources required for the investigation? which ships will be pulling out and coming in? >> the question, what are the resources required for the investigation and which ships will be pulling out and staying in? so it's too early for me to talk about an investigation. that's a decision that's going to be taken outside of the search and efforts that i was leading, and -- but we do have a number of vessels -- we have nine vessels on the scoreen rigt

now. we had med medical and other personnel on scene. we'll do mobilize person and vessels from the scene over the course of the next 24 hours. but we're going to continue remote operations on the sea floor and i don't have a timeline for when we would intend to stop remote operations on the sea floor at this point. >> admiral -- >> as a result of this do you think there should be changes in the way these are safety rated or inspected so that this won't happen again? >> yeah. the question was essentially about do you think that there should be changes in safety ratings or inspection for these standards? i know that there's a lot of questions about why, how, when, this happened, and the members of the unified command, you know, have those questions too,

as professionals and experts that work in this environment, and this is an incredibly difficult and dangerous environment to work in out there. but those questions about the regulations that apply and the standards, that's going to be, i'm sure, focus of future review. right now we're focused on documenting the scene and continuing the -- >> admiral -- >> [ inaudible ]. >> timing here. we don't know the timing here, but there was the banging noises yesterday that redirected and redeployed the rovs to this area. is there anything conclusive in this area and did the redirection and finding this debris field today, all help? >> so throughout the search efforts, we reacted to the

information that we had available to us, and while we continue to send in and offer deeper analysis, really complex environment for us to work in, let me check with the experts, but there doesn't appear to be any connection between the noises and the location on the sea floor. again, this was a catastrophic implosion of the vessel, which would have generated a significant broadband sound down there that the sonar buoys would have picked up. >> this will be the last question. [ inaudible ]. >> ask you about the -- >> dropped into the ocean today it arrived early this morning it seems it swiftly was able to find the debris field, can you talk about the speed of that?

were all of the assets involved moved as swiftly as possible to the area? was any help turned away, as some lawmakers have criticized the government? >> this was an incredibly complex operation, and we were able to mobilize an immense amount of gear to the site and just a really remarkable amount of time given the fact that we started without any sort of vessel response plan for this or any sort of prestaged resources. so the equipment that was brought on-site this morning that we were using was an rov capable of operating at 6,000 meters, camera, sonar, other articulating arms and resources on it, and it -- you know, we had to transport it here through c-17 aircraft. this is two aircraft that it

took to get this up here. we've really had the right gear on-site and worked as swiftly as possible to bring all of the came capabilities that we had to bear to this search and rescue effort. it was just a huge international and interagency effort to make this happen. so i'm really grateful for all of the responders that came out to support this and really, you know, search for the vessel. it is a difficult day for all of us, and it's especially difficult for the families and our thoughts are with the families today. but this was an immense support and we had the right gear on the bottom to find it.

[ inaudible ]. >> will you attempt to recover the bodies? the victims, will they be recovered? >> thank you so much everyone for attending this afternoon. there no future planned press conferences. updates will be shared to the northeast twitter page and our staff will be available to take -- >> we've been listening to an update from u.s. coast guard rear admiral john mauger, an important update, a definitive one, and ultimately a sad one. he says the debris they have discovered just several hundred yards off the bow of the "titanic" is consistent with a cat in front offic loss of the pressure -- catastrophic loss of the pressure chamber. there were two debris fields and in each they found on the ocean floor, they found none intact. the pressure hull containing the performing compartment leading to the conclusion it was a loss of all five lives on board.

hamish harding, paul-henri nargeolet, stockton rush and suleman dawood and shahzada dawood. other updates they said it's too early to tell the timeline of exactly when this catastrophic loss happened. also notably, the rear admiral there saying it does not appear to be any connection between those noises, which had been interpreted as possibly banging noises, no connection between those noises and the location of where they found that debris field on the bottom of the ocean floor. miguel marquez has been following this from newfoundland. as i was saying, a definitive word there, sad word, from those folks who had been working so hard with the hope, at least, of finding someone alive? >> yeah. definitive and catastrophic. they lost communications an hour and 45 minutes into the dive. there was hope that because they heard nothing, the absence of information, meant that they were possibly still alive, and

then there was the possible banging and these noises that they were hearing they were trying to decipher what those were. but to hear the description from the press conference today, to talk to the folks who are -- who we've been talking to with oceangate, it is clear that as they were descending, there was a catastrophic event, an implosion of that capsule is how they put it in the press conference, and then the pieces of the "titan" sank to the very front of the "titanic." the nose cone was found in one area, the back end found in another area, separated from the distance. it is not clear how much of the capsule itself or if any of the bodies of the victims will be able to be recovered because of the -- just the nature of the depth, the pressure, and be just how catastrophic this event was. but so much hope here. just standing here in st. john's

as the news broke people coming down to the park where all the media is set up and sort of a shared moment of sadness for the families, for the hope that they had. this is the place if you want to go to the "titanic" and research the "titanic" and dive down there, and be involved in that community, this is the place it happens because it's the closest spot on earth to the very distant ocean, 460 miles from here or so. so it's a place that everybody has pictures of james cameron when he was here. everybody sort of shares the m mystique of the "titanic" here. to have this happen, you know, 1912, the "titanic" went down. in 1923 more were lost at the very bow of the "titanic." >> well, as you note there, it raises the possibility that this happened very early on in the search process, the catastrophic failure, although when asked

about that, rear admiral mauger said they're still working on the details of the timeline there. miguel marquez, thanks so much from st. john's newfoundland. we have jason carroll who has been following the story and you were there as we received the update from the coast guard, and as you know, he was asked more than once about will there be an attempt to recover human remains, and he said more than once, that these are just extremely difficult conditions, and he also mentioned their' going to begin to demobilize some of the assets that had been sent out with the hope that they might find someone alive. what other questions are still unanswered at this point? >> right. they're going to leave some of those remotely operated vehicles at that site, but in addition to that, as you heard the rear admiral say a short while ago, they will begin to demobilize some of their assets over the next 48 hours. at one point during the briefing i did specifically ask the rear admiral after he described this

as a catastrophic implosion, about timing. you remember, when the "titan" began its descent early sunday morning, it was about one hour and 45 minutes into its descent when all of a sudden it lost contact with the surface ship. so i asked him, do they believe this, quote, unquote, catastrophic implosion happened at that moment? he couldn't give a definitive answer. there needs to be more investigation into that, but what i can tell you is, he also said that they had been -- they had dropped sonar buoys all throughout that particular area and the sonar buoys, he said did not pick up any sounds that would indicate some type of catastrophic implosion, at least at that time. that seems to suggest, again, i caution, the investigation now under way, but that seems to suggest that this catastrophic

implosion may have occurred at that particular moment. a little bit more, very quickly, if i may about the debris they found, and again, the debris found by the rov, the remotely operated vehicle, the tail cone found about 1600 feet from the bow of the "titanic" on the ocean floor. in addition to that, they also found five different pieces in what they described as a large debris field, including the front of the pressure hull and then a second smaller debris field where they found the other end hull. of course, there was the statement he made for the families. he said, i can only imagine what this has been like for them, and he also said that he hoped this provided some sort of solace for those during this very, very difficult time. so now, the questions begin. what happened? could it have been prevented? these are just some of the questions that will now continue

as this investigation gets under way. >> to the sounds that have been heard, he also made the point that those sounds that had been detected recently during the search that had been interpreted as possibly being a banging noise, perhaps from inside, he now said it is their sense those were not connected, given the location of where the debris found and where those sounds were heard. jason carroll, thanks so much. boris, we should note, there's been a lot of highly capable equipment that was deployed in this search, highly sensitive sonar equipment designed to listen underwater for things like that and in terms of when this might happen, they certainly would have heard a catastrophic loss of this, given the sound it would have generated. that raises the possibility it happened before all those assets were deployed to listen for this missing sub. again, that timeline, as they said in this press conference, is something they're still -- they have to work out. a lot of details in the timeline they have to work out, boris. >> no question about that. as noted in the press briefing,

at least two debris fields they are combing through right now to gather evidence. in the meantime i want to bring back in tom detswyler, who has not only a personal connection to someone on board this vessel but to the "titanic" wreckage himself. he's an ocean explorer and engineering consultant and also a close friend of paul-henri nargeolet. tom, you were part of the team that discovered the "titanic" wreckage initially when it was found back in the 1980s, and you were close to paul-henri, as i understand, as someone who often visited that site, known as mr. titanic, had been down there more than 30 times. now that you are hearing the news that he was apparently lost in this catastrophic implosion, i'm wondering what you want the world to remember about your friend? >> p.h. had just an incredible

career, starting as a distinguished naval officer, working in many, many of the french programs for undersea exploration, working at other programs such as the rms titanic program and doing all the exploration of the "titanic" and continuing with oceangate to do -- as an expert on the site when they went down. i spent lots of hours talking with p.h. about how the "titanic" was changing over the years. it was very, very interesting. i actually had to go to court when the rights to the "titanic" for the "rms titanic" were challenged and the government was trying to take the rights away. i had to go down and testify on behalf and testify to the expertise of p.h. once i told a little bit about p.h. there was no question in

the court's mind "rms titanic" should retain the rights. he was an incredible person, very professional all the time, but yet, just a likable person. everybody who knew p.h. loved him. i think, as you have probably seen over the last few days, there were a lot of people who knew p.h. and highly respected him. he's just one of those figures that stood out in the entire industry. >> and again, we are so sorry for your loss. our deepest sympathies. it is notable to me that he passed apparently doing something that he loved. can you talk about the attraction that folks like you, and he have for this wreckage of the "titanic" and what it means to you and to people like him to see it in person? >> well, i think he specialized

in "titanic" just because he had the opportunities to, but all of us have had opportunities like the "titanic" and they're all very exciting. it's really the spirit of adventure. it's finding something new. it's seeing something that hasn't been seen by people before or hasn't been seen for maybe 100 years. it's, you know, there is a risk taking involved, you know. i would have to admit we probably are all a little bit of risk takers, but we like to say we manage the risks so we're not being stupid with our lives. we are managing the risks and doing everything we can to keep it safe, but we all know something like this could happen at some point. failures do happen when you're going to these extremes. >> tom, i do want to share with you a statement that we've recently gotten from oceangate, the operator of the "titan" vessel. they say, quote, these men were true explorers who shared a

distinct spirit of adventure and a deep passion for exploring and protecting the world's oceans. our hearts are with these five souls and every member of their families during this tragic time. they go on to say, quote, the entire oceangate family is deeply grateful for the countless men and women from multiple organizations of the international community who expedited wide-ranging resources and have worked so very hard on this mission. tom, there are, inevitably, going to be questions, as some have come up already, about regulations and about safety standards. the coast coast guard was asked during the press briefing what questions might you have at this point, as we learn of this tragic ending to your friend's story? >> well, the other submersible operations that i've worked with all have relationships with the

classification society, and that's that society, there's several of them, that will classify submarines, and they all have rules that you have to follow to guarantee that the submarine is tested periodically and is safe and every so often it has to be completely torn apart and everything inspected, and those submersible operations have operated for decades with a really fine safety record. now this submarine, from what i understand, was not classified and there may be reasons for that, but i think we need to look, you know, were there things they didn't do because they weren't inspected by an outside agency? were there shortcuts taken? all of that has got to be looked at, and certainly that will trickle down to anybody else that is looking to do a private sort of venture like this. i think it's very comparable to what's going on in the space

program right now. you know, we're making great strides in the space program through privatization of some of it, but at the same time, you know, are those programs as safe as say the government-run programs? so i think we have to work that out. we certainly don't want to stop the entrepreneurial developments because, quite often, they develop technologies that are major steps because they're not hindered by the regulations. you know, we need to find where that line is, where we can allow them to be somewhat unregulated, but at the same time not sacrifice safety. >> as you noted, it requires risk to have innovation. tom, i am curious about another aspect of this. the coast guard shared that it may be very difficult to find any remains in part because of the unforgiving conditions down there, the fact that this was an

instantaneous, catastrophic event. i'm wondering, as you well know with your friend p.h., what your message might be to his family and the families of the others on board at this difficult time when it's unclear what they might get back from their family members? >> a really well-known marine archeologist, marine architect, who was british, his name was robin williams, who has since passed away, but he was well known for investigating shipwrecks, and when we looked at another submarine which had had a catastrophic implosion after a failure, that was the israeli submarine, he put it very well, he said, for the crew, it was just like a light switch was switched off. >> wow. >> they didn't even realize what was happening. they didn't suffer.

and, you know, p.h. was doing something that he truly, truly loved, and, you know, it just ended. >> at least there is some solace, as you said, it was likely there was no suffering for p.h. and the others on board. tom dettwiler, we're grateful for you not only sharing insights into your friend but the mission and what drives folks to this wreckage site. thank you so much for being with us this afternoon. >> thank you. >> of course. we do also want to bring in now cnn pentagon correspondent orin lieberman. you have been tracking what may examine next in this recovery effort. we heard the coast guard talking about gathering evidence and surveying the site in order to conduct a thorough investigation. what are you learning? >> so if there is an attempt to try to salvage some of the debris to carry out that

investigation or if there is a desire from any of the family members of those who perished in this horrific tragedy to recover something from the debris field, that would likely be done by the navy fly away deep ocean salvage system. that's been on-site in st. john's newfoundland for about the last day or so. even this comes with its own timeline. first, the navy has to find a ship -- as of yesterday a navy official said they had been in talks with a ship but hadn't put it under contract. it may be easier to find a slhi under contract some may return to st. john's and you may have a slip available. it takes 24 hours to weld and secure this recovery system to a ship. then the time it takes to get it out to the site. it doesn't operate independently. the navy official said you need a remotely operated vehicle to take the cable down, presumably to secure it to the debris you want to bring back up, and all of that takes its own time, and

its own process. if there is a decision to pursue the investigation in that direction, that is, to bring something up to investigate it more closely, that is what that process may look like. now boris, i suspect, this is certainly a bit of speculation, before that decision is made, there would be difficult conversations with the family members of those who lost loved ones in this horrific tragedy, if they even want to go down that direction because it is a difficult decision to make and a difficult and complex operation to carry out just given the environment, of course. >> yeah. of course. it should be conducted with the family's consultation. oren lieberman, thank you so much. jim, a lot of questions to answer. many of them surrounding exactly what caused this implosion. >> and, of course, what happened at the moment of loss, which as we heard the coast guard describe it as a catastrophic failure of the pressure hull. joining me is tom foreman.

so based on what we learned, we learned a lot in that press conference about what happened here. if we could put up a picture of the submersible itself. the headline seems to be, they found these, in fact, two debris fields and the debris field showed pieces of the pressure hull, which is a capsule sort of picture like a medicine capsule shaped object in the midst of the larger object there, catastrophic means implosion at those departmths? >> if you haven't found the bodies or seen the details how do you know? here's how they know because of what they found. if you look at this diagram here or any other one we want to bring up here, see on the left it says oceangate, they said that was the first thing they found, part of the tail section. >> this lets you see what is the pressure hull and that is the capsule sized piece inside. >> with the people inside. first of all they found that covering on the back there that

says oceangate "titan" based on what they said, or a portion of it. the second thing they said they found was the right side over here, which is the cap where you see it says viewing port and titanium cap over there, that was the second part they had. then the third part was the back end, little bubble structure on the back end. that's why they know without finding anything else. once those are gone there's no survivability in there. >> since there were two debris field, one larger one, one smaller one, in each pieces of the pressure capsule. >> right. >> i have to imagine then you're describing them getting blown apart. it's an implosion give the pressure -- >> depending on where it happened you don't know how they went down. did they drop directly or flutter. >> it could have happened higher up and floated down. >> i would say this, the questions that you have to ask, that any engineer is going to ask first, the first place they're going to look, they're going to look at that window up front. there are questions about that.

i have to say, i'm not an expert in this, i was surprised the first time i saw it, the size of the window. because -- >> bigger than you expected? >> a lot of deep submersibles seem to have smaller windows than that. there's a question about that. and the scenes. where the titanium joined in the carbon fiber, front and back, and there were questions about that whole idea. that was part of the experimental nature of this. >> beyond the scene there was questions about the material. carbon fiber, we had an expert who described concerns about fatigue over time. >> yes. >> because this submersible had been down multiple times and the question was it hadn't been tested for that many submergeses, was it weakening over time. this is a question we want to acknowledge throughout here. >> right. >> that even the coast guard saying they're going to learn the answer to these questions over time. we should note that is a question that multiple engineers have raised. >> yeah. >> about this particular design. >> they weren't just talking about the tube.

they were talking, as you mentioned, about the material itself. carbon fiber is considered very resilient. in some ways those consider it less prone to fatigue than steel might be. but there are so many variables in that and the question is, when you stress it over and over again, do you reach a breaking point in this? this is one of the reasons why, typical engineering, you would reengineer this after it had been -- or at least rebuild it after it had been stressed badly. >> it's one reason why there is incentive to pick up the pieces, in effect, to learn -- >> 100%. >> to learn what happened here. carbon fiber, as folks at home know, is used in a host of applications, cars, also airplanes. you want to know how these things respond to stresses? >> you're right. every piece you can gather from this, look, there is, of course, the human and the sentimental side and the very real side of wanting to know really what happened to these people. i think your guest a moment ago said it well, it was probably

like turning a light switch. at this depth it would be a type of explosion , in a sense, the speed and force of it, but every piece you bring up out of there is going to tell you something possibly about where did the failure originate. how did it originate? how did it progress through here? even if it took a fraction of a second. >> and when, right? >> exactly. >> the coast guard also mentioned that they're going to firm up the timeline here. they did note that this would cause quite a loud noise under water. they had a lot of assets there that were listening under water as they were searching for this, assets that would have, had they been there when this took place, heard an implosion of that. it does raise the possibility, again the possibility, we don't know yet, that this took place early on in the process. >> you have to go back and look at all of the records from on board the ship itself at the time that this was lowering down, and from anything else that might have been in the area

that may not have noticed it at the time. you could have anybody using sonar equipment at some distance that maybe recorded something that in the moment it seemed like nothing, but now you go back and say wait a minute, you were over here and you did hear some tiny little something, maybe that means something. >> another question, earlier in this broadcast we were speaking about the difficulty of recovering people alive from this depth, it's never happened before, the greatest depth you mentioned was 1,000 feet down, a tenth of this distance, the coast guard was asked, will they make an attempt to retrieve human remains, an unanswerable question, the rear admiral noted extremely difficult conditions there, is that possible? i mean, do submersibles have the ability, as i understand it, to pick up -- >> yes. >> something from there? >> they have the ability. the question is, again, i want to remind what we said earlier on, this is dark, dark down there and there's no hope. everything is going to have to

be found, you know, individually and that would include any remains. i don't mean to be disrespectful to speak of it that way, but every move you make tiz going to be a challenge -- is going to be challenge, in the same sense that every ounce you send into space, matters. that's why they're careful about the weight of things going into space. everything you retrieve from this level of the ocean matters because you are taking risk, you're expending time and energy and it's hard to do. the question is, what is the proper and best way to go about this for everyone involved. >> let's acknowledge the sensitivity and no one with greater or stronger feelings about this than the families involved. it may be a decision for the families. >> and can it be done? technically? theoretically, it can be. we don't know the state of the entire situation. theoretically it can be done. practically, will it be done is a different question. >> listen, as always we need to acknowledge what we know and

don't know at this point. we learned a lot and the sad definitive answer that they now believe it was a catastrophic loss of the pressure hull of the submarine and therefore a loss of all five on board. these other questions about timeline, et cetera, were there weaknesses in the structure, the design, things we'll learn over time. >> it's important to note when we talk about catastrophic failure, with this much pressure on a vessel like that, that catastrophic failure could truly start with no more than a pinprick. the smallest little failure under this circumstance, as one submarine owner told me the other day, there is no such thing as a small leak at this level. any leak is potentially catastrophic. it's not really a leak. it's a failure in the integrity of the system and that's the problem. >> well, goodness, tom foreman, thanks so much for helping us answer some of these questions. again, boris, my heart, as i know yours does and our team, goes out to the families who are

receiving this news, as we have been in the last hour, and they are the ones that have the most to bear at this minute. >> absolutely, jim. and as we look forward to getting answers to what happened and what led to this catastrophic failure, i want to go to paula newton who . >> we haven't heard any more from them. they had clues and had been notified and had started to notify their own families and friends. i just want to pick up, though, where jim and tom lefttom left off. international response. i know that gave great comfort of those involved in the incident. now that they have all those assets in place, this will be very good starting point from which to collect the debris, to

start that investigation, as he said there, those remote operated vehicles will remain. in fact, they're on the scene to collect as much debris as they can. of course that question, family members want to know, can the remains of their loved ones be retrieved? we don't know the answer to that, but boris, you did hear the u.s. coast guard say look, this is an unforgiving environment and that had been a cot catastrophic event. they're assessing the situation. retrieving remains would be difficult, but, you know, the remote controlled vehicles are still down there and they will continue to be down there for hours more. i want to pick up on the fact that as this investigation continues, we talk about what they had on the scene there and this will be important in terms of evaluating what happens with this kind of exploration. we have private companies certainly many of them trying to go to space and launching things in space, including space

tourists. what will it take in this kind of exploration to the deep seas. what is safe, what should be regulated? that is certainly a cause for concern for canadian officials. this entire operation was launched from st. john's newfoundland and they want to know, it was launched off their waters what do they need to be inspecting and what do they want to be sure is on board can happen is possible? again, oceangate expeditions, included the fact that this was experimental and they were adventuresers, explorers, they wanted to stretch the limits, and yet there is concern among many to understand what was that catastrophic event, what happened? if we want to do this exploration, and if private companies want to continue to do this kind of exploration, what do we know so that we can keep people safe in the future? all questions they'll be asking right now and at this hour, the retrieval of that debris continuing on that sea floor by

the "titanic" wreck and they will be trying to bring up as many, take a look at and bring up as much of the debris as they can. >> you noted the international effort and the work that has come in from different countries and agencies to aid in the process. during the briefing we gotc confirmation they were going to begin in the next 48 hours to lighten their footprint there. i'm wondering if in your conversations with canadian officials what their plans are over the next 48 to 72 hours? >> they told me they are waiting for instructions from the u.s. coast guard, but the kinds of personnel and ships that will be moved first are like the medical personnel that were on board there to deal with any survivors. again, i'll say it, a robust international response. i think the u.s. coast guard was able to muster the resources

they could, and that included being ready for survivors if they came off that "titan," being able to immediately put them in a medical bay on a ship there in the north atlantic and really cater to their every medical need. obviously, they will be moving on. again, when we're talking about the aircraft that was in the air, they will be moving on as well. what is most important now is things like the john cabot, doing the side scanning, mapping of the sea floor bed, that may still be necessary. but, obviously, most necessary are those remote operated vehicles that are still there at this hour, but certainly canadian officials taking the lead from the u.s. coast guard in understanding exactly what can go and what needs to stay. again, the resources are there. there is no reason not to continue now with that recovery and salvage operation, which needs to go ahead for that investigation to continue. and, of course, ever present here, after all of these officials were the family and friends waiting for word and

they will try to deal with the issue of whether or not remains can be brought up to the surface, as delicately as they can with the families and the first to be informed as to whether or not that's even possible? >> yeah. an extremely difficult process. paula newton, thank you so much for the reporting. jim? >> well, we have spent a good deal of time today speaking about first the extensive efforts to find the missing submersible and now, of course, the news of the catastrophic loss of the submersible and all those on board. so let's take a moment now to share what we've learned about the five people who perished in this tragedy. stockton rush was the pilot and the head of oceangate, the company behind it all. rush said he originally wanted to be an astronaut after graduating from princeton. but his eyesight was never good enough. instead, he set his sights on the sea. he founded oceangate in 2009 with the belief that our oceans not space are the key to human survival.

struck warmest titanic, owning the rights. and they had dived to the wreckage more than 30 times, the first time back in 1987, just two years after the long- lost titanic was found. >> nobody is known more the titanic, passionate about it, the great thing is, humble and kind, he is not arrogant like some folks in the business, and you know, is a true gentleman explorer. >> a spokesperson for the family tells cnn quote, when i

talked to paul henry, i can still see his childlike eyes shining because this legendary liner has also become his story. hamish harding was also on board and said to be very excited about the clinician, he had traveled around the world already, as high as space and as deep as the mariana trench, much deeper than were the titanic rests, in fact, his family called him the ultimate explorer. >> he lives exploration, he's explorer to the core of his soul, as well. >> hamish harding is the quintessential british explorer, he loves exploring, he's a pilot, he is done all kinds of different adventures, been to the south pole, marion's trench, so this is the kind of thing that we would talk about when we were hanging out.>> finally, a father and son on board, suleman and shahzada dawood , both on

board, their family has asked for privacy, we do know they lived in the uk, said to be a long time supporter of the princes trust international and the british asian trust, the palaces the king charles had asked for updates on the search. his son, the 19-year-old was a university student in glasgow. five lives lost. >> gabe cohen is with us, you get a chance, several years ago, and the vessel, and you also spoke with a cofounder of the company as we learned the breaking news earlier today, what do they share with you?>> i just got off the phone, cofounder of oceangate, with stockton rush, obviously lost in the tragedy, i want to read

a little bit of what we he told me, minute ago, a tragic loss for the families in the ocean expiration. in general, of five crewmembers were passionate explorers and they died doing what they believed in. those of us in the community that work at the depth know there is a risk, pressure down there, if it's a failure, it is an instant, catastrophic failure and we all know it is a risk for better or worse. given seven some of the safety concerns, if he stands by, the effort that they had at the company and the work they did and he said he stands by stockton rush 150%, that stockton rush was not a risk taker he said, he was a risk manager, obviously there are concerns that have been raised by couple of former employees who have questions whether or not was as safe as it should be,

there are those who said it should've been certified as well, but he says they were innovators and that he would have made this dive. he tried to, he had not done before, he was planning on it maybe in the next couple of years, but he told me a story about stockton rush, saying that when the vessel was completed, the first depth dive they did stockton rush to the loan because he didn't want to put anyone else at risk, and obviously he believed in this vessel, he beat -- he was inside of it, but he said that he told stockton rush they would've me the first dive with them, he believed in the product, in the vision that much, but he said he did is alone.>> understanding your conversation with stockton rush, he spoke to you about the thrill, and innovate and do something different and not personally having have that

conversation, ultimately, they ultimately led to their demise.>> interviewed them several times and oceangate headquarters. we saw the vision firsthand, it was not just titan, it was the previous vessel, cyclops, before that multiple expeditions, and went to titanic, they went to the famous shipwrecks, and stockton rush spoke very passionately, he clearly believed in this, bringing down the mission specialists, paying a lot of money to go on these trips, talked about mapping the shipwrecks, which they did do, the sonar cameras and laser cameras on board, and talked about the science and understanding more about shipwrecks and the impact on the ocean, while they still exist, that is difficult knowing what we saw firsthand

five or six years ago and now what is happening. >> he perished as did the other passengers doing what they love, thank you for sharing that perspective with us.>> you want to go back to miguel marquez, following the stories we received, and these updates, mcgill, do you hear me? as we wait for miguel to thielen we'll get the comms sorted out, the breaking news remains catastrophic loss as the coast guard, of the pressure whole of the titan, and it is presumed that all five on board have been lost. please stay with us, we will be back after a short break.

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