but i'm happier,i'm hea, and i have a new lease on life. golo is the only thing,i'm hea, that will let you lose weight and keep it off. who loses 138 pounds in nine months? i did! golo's a lifestyle change and you make the change and it stays off. (soft music) this is gps, the global public square. welcome to all of you in the united states and around the world. i'm fareed zakaria coming to you from kyiv. ♪ ♪ >> today, a special edition of

the program from ukraine. a country that's been at war now for almost 600 days. i had an exclusive interview with the country's president, volodymyr spellen i ski. this week he fired his defense minister, visited the front lines and welcomed secretary of state blinken. i ask him about all that and more. >> ukraine will never go back, go away from our land. then, as it awaits f-16 fighters, ukraine's best weapons up in the sky are drones. the country's so-called army of drones has been a gamechanger for surveillance, dropping bombs and kamikaze missions. i talked to the mastermind

behind the program and the country's minister of digital transformation. finally, the children of war. ♪ ♪ >> last september i introduced you to some amazing kids in kyiv who had just gone back to school for the first time since the war started. this week, we went back to see them again. ♪ ♪ >> to see how they're holding up after another year of strive. >> after all of these dark times you want to lead the best life that you can. ♪ >> but first, here's my take. the overnight train ride from poland to ukraine is a reminder of why this land has been so hotly contested over the last century. ukraine's soil is among the most

fertile on the planet. we passed vast fields of wheat and some of them still using horses to plow the fields. as we approach kyiv, the landscape quickly shifted to urban. despite the war, ukraine's railways continue to be clean, comfortable and efficient. my train rolled into kyiv right on time. that might be a phrase that says a lot about ukraine. despite the war, kyiv is now almost normal a year into the invasion, roughly half of kyiv's population have fled and many people have since returned. the city had about 3.9 million residents in 2021 before the fighting started, and it's back to around 3.6 million today local sources tell me. the european strategy annual meeting is also still being held despite the wart as it has been held for nearly 20 years located

originally in yalta and after the 2014 invasion in kyiv. the organizer told me the struggle for ukraine is the most important struggle in the world right now and we need to keep the world's attention focused on it. most here are trying to keep life as normal as possible. stores are bustling and air raid sirens went off and no one even stopped eating, but there are constant reminders of the conflict. billboards scattered around the city that mourned ukraine's lost heroes as the fallen soldiers are often called. sandbags and roadblocks. everyone is exhausted and sober. ukraine's losses had been terrible in cities destroyed and soldiers and civilians killed. as a german friend who has lived in kyiv for years put it to me, there's a growing understanding

of loss as part of normalcy. people are adjusting to the reality of knowing more and more people who have been killed or wounded. it's a tough, sad condition, but exhaustion does not equal surrender. no one i spoke with believes that ukraine has stopped fighting to give back its territories. they were disappointed that the counteroffensive is not getting better, but it only reminds them that this would be a long struggle. were they to make a premature peace, many said to me in it would only be a temporary pause. the russians would come back and they would push the burden of war on to the next generation. when you speak with people at greater length their views are more nuanced. no surrender is the mantra, but some said it was possible to imagine a cease-fire with ukraine never legally endorsing the legitimacy of russian rule

over parts of the donbas and crimea in exchange for real security guarantees. >> as one ukrainian politician who wished to stay unnamed told me, it's easy for all of us who have not been in the fighting to refuse to compromise. the real question is what are the attitudes of the soldiers in the field and those who have returned and they might have more nuanced positions, but they would have to articulate them. the dominant worry in kyiv is not about russia, but the west. they have reason to be worried. support for ukraine is losing strength in some european countries. an election in slovakia could bring into power a prime minister who is distinctly pro-russian which would give hungary's viktor orban a useful ally in trying to change europe's policies. in the u.s. support for ukraine is slipping and many observers

believe that the russians are determined to stay course until the 2024 election hoping that donald trump would be elected and that he would quickly hang the ukrainians out to dry as he searched for a deal with putin. that would be a disaster, legitimizing naked aggression and emboldening dictators like putin and xi jinping who want to disregard norms and re-write the norms of the international system. the jungle as robert kagan calls it, would return to international life. the west is often fought wars alongside allies who were not deeply committed to their own cause, let alone the larger cause of freedom. from afghans and iraqis to the south vietnamese and each the south koreans who were defending a nasty dictatorship during the korean war. the ukrainians are different, utterly committed to their independence, but also to the values the west holds most

deeply. ukrainians understand that they're in for a long war of attrition. they understand that they are up against a formidable foe. russi russia is almost, cr ukraine's population and they're ready to persevere, but they worry that their allies are not. go to cnn.com/fareed for a link to my washington post column this week, and let's get started. ♪ ♪ president zelenskyy is almost always working, but this week it seemed particularly, ventful and busy for him. last night he announced he would be replacing his longtime defense minister alexei reznikov and he was visiting two of his nation's frontline regions and on wednesday he received secretary of state antony blinken in kyiv just three weeks

after washington agreed to finally send f-16s to ukraine. and on thursday, zelenskyy introduced the world to his new defense minister rustem umarov. i sat down with zelenskyy on friday at his presidential offices in kyiv. >> mr. president, pleasure to have you on again. >> thank you so much. >> everyone is wondering about the counteroffensive. there was a sense that it was slower than expected. now there is some hope that it is speeding up. can you give us a sense from your perspective what -- how is it going? >> it depends on many directions, on many cases and issues how to speed up counter offensive, but remember that we need the result. the result we need is we have to get our land. we have to get the occupied land, and it is also not about the land and it's about the

people because the frozen world is not the peace. putin, he want to take all our country, to destroy all of our families, houses because if he understands, he understands that ukraine will never go back -- go away from our land. we'll never do it, that's why he has to kill us. he want to do it. that's why when we speak about counteroffensive, it depends on many cases. of course, we gave a lot of time for russians and we give a lot of time to prepare -- >> to put the mines on the fields, so you see the thee defending lines. >> and that is why you were waiting for the weapons. >> yeah. that's why when i said it depends on many issues. we -- look, we waited too long. it's true. i'm thankful to partners, to the

united states, and eu and other partners and i'm thankful very much. to president biden and to congress, but we have to understand, we waited too long and they put -- and we waited from the point of view of our partners because the decision to give us, for example, bradley and other weapons, the decision, it doesn't mean the result. >> you don't get them immediately? of course, you don't. of course, you don't. something still on the way, until now when we are sitting and with the counteroffensive and when a lot of people said it is too slow, but it is still on the way. >> you feel as though when you go to europe and the united states and you make these demands, you have these lists of weapons. do they listen to you?

>> first of all, long distance weapons system, artillery rounds, systems, et cetera, everybody speaks about the tacms. it is very important. everybody speaks about the jets in the sky. it is very important. we have the decision and let's start with the tacms. i hope and i speak with president biden and to me it is very important his thoughts and his support, and i think he can change this page and this war. once he did it with the himars. it's about the tacms and i will speak to president biden again and it is not our first dialogue. i hope we will get them in autumn and for us it is very important not to do the pause in this counteroffensive and i need it very much. the second thing we'll be

speaking about is the jets, and i said before the cou counteroffensive with our partners that they had to know and to recognize that we don't control the sky. how to control or even to compare with the power of russia in the sky. all of us want to have success and a happy end. first of all, it's not the movie. it's not one hour and up. it's about counter offense and it is not a movie with the happy end. we will not have a happy end. we lost a lot of people. no happy end. that we have to recognize it and victory that's only one thing that can bring the occupation of our land and it means not to give possibility for russia to attack other countries, baltic, poland and then to bring all of us back, you know, by this

aggression back to ussr. we don't want, the only position for this, victory is not happiness. victory is only one possibility to ally and people in the west have to recognize it, not our values, common values. not our war, common war. we pay the highest price, it's true, and i don't want to repeat this for everybody to know this war, but they can not only know people in the west have to feel it and you can choose. feel it when your families are under attack. you really want it? you really want to try it? i can't recommend it. >> next on "gps," will volodymyr zelenskyy seek compromise with putin at the negotiating table? should he? i'll ask him. finding military information, newspaper articles,

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there are people who say there has to be some kind of negotiation. we can't go on like this. the president of brazil, lula has said ukraine needs to get out of the cold war mentality and compromise and even understand that some territory will have to be given to russia. i'm paraphrasing, but i think that's roughly speaking. you've heard this, what do you say to people like president lula? >> first of all, he has his own position and that's his right. i'm okay with people are free and they can give their position worldwide, but i think he doesn't understand that the position of putin not to stop the war, let us be honest, his

position to continue, his position to continue the war. his position is to divide europe. his position is not to have strong european content. the prime minister told me and it's true, and -- you know, why are you supporting? she said, people who understood putin. you support ukraine or you support russia. there is no other variance, really. >> no space in between. >> it's true. the question of the time. the question of the time when you will recognize it and when you will understand it. it mean that if lula don't support us he will, if he doesn't support us he will support russia, even if he

doesn't want. that's why, lula, maybe he said, i don't know what did he mean, but he said about it, we have to stop the war and we have to find compromise. compromise always with the people who are ready to compromise, who are compromistic to other issues. do you see any other compromises from putin in other issues? did you see? did somebody saw? did somebody see? was chechnya, was georgia, with muldova? he occupied all these countries and he divided all these nations. >> do you think putin is stronger today or weaker after prigozhin, after everything? >> i think he's -- my thoughts, that is the real face of him that is the real face and the

answers how he see his life, the life of people. how he see what will be tomorrow, how he control and you will find in one case with prigozhin you can find even lula, he can also find for himself in such partners. they can find all of the answers. >> and just see the way he handled prigozhin. >> yes. that is the answer. how he control only bopeople's mind, but he doesn't control what goes on in the country. he doesn't control and then when he understood a little -- a big part of society supports prigozhin and what he did. he killed him, but before he killed he gave him promises that

territory of belorussia and all different things. >> so he lied to prigozhin? >> yes, of course. that's -- and that is the answer. when you want to have compromises or dialogue with somebody, you can do it with a lie. >> next on "gps," i asked president zelenskyy about why he fired his defense minister and how he plans to weed out corruption in his country. es ses for authentic seasonal scents that fill your home with warmth and cheer. (sfx: ping) (♪) ♪ please don't go ♪ ♪ please don't go.. ♪ ♪ please don't go ♪ ♪ please don't go ♪ ♪ don't goooooo! ♪

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on september 3rd, president volodymyr zelenskyy announced his plans to replace his longtime defense minister. the move came amidst ongoing corruption scandals relating to the military, but that's not the only part of the government people point fingers at. in one recent poll 89% of

ukrainians said that aside from the war, corruption was the country's most serious problem. further afield, politicians from donor countries like the u.s. have grown concern that continued financial support will not serve the war effort and instead line of pockets of corrupt officials. more on all of that now with president zelenskyy. >> back at home, you are fighting corruption. you fired the defense minister. you've put a new defense minister in place. this is something, as you know, people in the west worry about this. there is a lot of money going to ukraine. do you think you have been able to stop this and put in place a system that will stop it? >> what we have to understand is that everything which today

belonged to justice in ukraine. justice for today for people is very sensitive because for our fighting of these values and we can't, you know, live that way which we live during some years, it doesn't matter now how many years ago it was. it means how it will be after the war and after the victory in another country and other people and another jen rgeneration and another way. that's why -- >> are you able to make the changes to get the new way? >> of course. no, no, no. i have no -- i have no another way. here. here, i don't have alternative and i don't want. we don't want to have any

compromises with not only corrupt -- corrupted things or people, even thoughts about it, you know? >> there are a lot of people that say there has been a lot of corruption in this first year and that's why you are firing -- >> it's also what you have to know. all of these cases are not with the help and connecting that and not connected with the help of our partners. so it's not about that, the weapon of our partners or money for the weapon or money for the budget to give pensions, support, et cetera and that's in other cases. it's not about the partner. >> so these are ukrainian funs. >> these are ukrainian cases, but any way -- yes, witbut, in way it does matter for me we

will fight and win in this war and underlining, it is not the money of our partners and also it's important. i know. 600 days of war for your non-stop work. how are you holding up? do you get depressed? how are you managing? >> no, no, no. i'm -- i'm -- i'm okay. i can live with it, and i sometimes -- sometimes i don't have a lot of time, but sometimes i'm looking at my children, yes -- yeah. they are ukrainian and i'm happy that they're here. i mean, this generation will make ukraine great because they're very strong with all of the positions and with all of the values and with all -- they're very free and i'm so

happy and like i said, i'm looking through the mirror, and i see another person older. >> maybe wiser. maybe wiser. thank you. >> our friends say wiser and other people say older, but it doesn't matter. my wife, i'm happy that i have -- she's nice. she's so strong. she's day by day she's stronger and nicer and younger. she has a lot of energy. >> so you look older in the mirror, but she looks younger. >> yes, and she -- yes, and this is the same mirror. [ laughter ] >> mr. president, thank you so much. we've got to go to get back to the war. >> thank you so much. my thanks again to president zelenskyy for speaking with me and for making the effort and speaking to me in english. next on "gps." i talk to another key figure in the ukrainian government, the

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the war in ukraine is in many ways an old style land war with tank warfare and trenches, but it is also revolutionary, perhaps most notably in the use of drones. both sides have used drones for surveillance, to draw bombs and to make kamikaze attacks. of course, these drones are quite expendable and easy to disable. one estimate in may found ukraine was losing about 10,000 drones a month and that gives you a sense of the scale of this drone war. behind ukraine's army of drones is mikhail fedorov the deputy prime minister for education, science and technology. i sat down with him yesterday. so when i talked to people who have been on the battlefield in ukraine, they say that the ukrainian army confronts a

terrible dilemma problem. there's a huge amount of mine -- land mines that have been laid out after which you get to these very big concrete trenches where the russian soldiers are and after which there's a huge amount of russian artillery and thanks and armored vehicles in waiting and normally, the u.s. army would clear this out by having air superiority. you don't have that because you barely have an air force that might change. the only solution, i'm told, is drones and drones are the great asymmetrical weapon you have. do you believe that that is the path for ukraine to break out of this stalemate? >> translator: yes. i think that the side will win that will have more drones that

will use the best call tee drones and they're the most important thing today, and this war so we will put very many efforts in building an army of drones so that we can develop and design air drone, ground drones and water drones because they help us in real time to get quality information on the enemy. they allow us to hit the enemy both on sea, on growth fund and the air and of course, they will be helping us to demine the fields and that's our next focus and it can make -- it can be dice of. >> a . >> you're buying a lot of chinese-made drones and you are also designing your own drones. what are the things you're trying to design that you can't use commercial drones for. >> as a matter of fact, if we look at how much we are buying -- inside the country that they're produced here and

abroad, 95%, 95% of the drones that we decide inside the country, we develop them with the use of components from all over the world, but we do that in ukraine and they have an advantage over many world brands because the technological war means that there are changes everything, and every day you have radio electronic warfare and russia has that and every day we need to respond to those products. every day the doctrine of how to use them changes and we have to respond to them and during this year, we have increased the production of drones more than 100 times. >> some people have thought that this would be the future of war. there would be these automated drones going with each other and they're using a lot of drones and the russians are using drones and there's still an enormous amount of human death. that doesn't seem to be going away.

>> translator: i think that today it's just the beginning of the technological war, and we are just at the very early stages and everything is ahead. drones will hit drones, drones will shut them down and the role of a.i. will become much bigger in capturing targets on the battlefield and doctrines will keep changing and the awareness will keep changing and what's happening in the battlefield and lose fewer people. everything is moving to a situation where robotized techn technologies, and the ones who will be the first to reach those steps who will reach the goal faster will win this war faster. >> let me ask you about something that's out in the news which is elon musk and starlink

and the issue of last september, an effort to attack crimea and the russian naval base. the way the story is told and elon musk confirms it is that the ukrainians, perhaps you, requested that starlink be extended into crimea so that you could operate in crimea for this attack. elon musk said no because he thought that was widening the war. does that mean that if ukraine were to try to get back territories that were captured by the russians in 2014 elon musk will not allow his technology to be used in that process and it would be crippling for you because that would mean you would have no internet connectivity if you were trying to give back territories annexed in 2014. if there were things annexed in 2024 you would have the green light from musk, but 2014, you would have a red light. >> translator: in fact, that

case just became well known because elon musk is quite a popular person in the world, but there are technologies that one can use in the black sea in crimea and these are other satellite-based systems and these are military satellite systems, and you see that there have been successful missions related to the crimean bridge and many other missions to hit the enemy ships and all of it used very different communication means. >> do you think musk is fully supportive of ukraine's war effort? do you think he's neutral? how do you view him? you've dealt with him a lot. in fact, it's because of your tweet to him that he turned starlink on in ukraine. >> translator: if i look at his concrete, specific actions probably out of private

companies and investor he has done the most for the victory of my country. we don't know what would have happened if we didn't have satellite communications systems in the first days of the war. we didn't have dozen, hundreds of starlink terminals that are working well and that allow us to provide effective communication. i think he has done very much for my country. next on "gps, you will meet some amazing teenagers that i talked to this week in kyiv. use it to set and track your goals, big and small... and see how changes you make today... could help put them within reach. from your first big move to retiring poolside - and the other goals along the way. wealth plan can help get you there. ♪ j.p. morgan wealth management. let innovation refunds help with your erc tax refund so you can improve your business however you see fit. rosie used part of her refund

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it's that time again. summer is drawing to a close and kids in many parts of the world have been going back to school, but back to school in ukraine looks quite a bit different. this was the first day of school for kids in central ukraine. they were forced to spend part of it in a bunker because of the air raid sirens overhead. they are some of the nearly 4 million children who went back

to school on september 1st. children who have now lived through a year and a half of war. a year ago we introduced you to several ukrainian students in kyiv. this year we've come back to see how some of those same kids are doing. i met up with 15-year-old masha, 16-year-old mar wra all in kyiv and i also spoke with vika from close to the border in russia and i met two students both named maxine, a 10-year-old from kyiv and the 16-year-old from the eastern city of severodonetsk now under russian control. >> the first question i have is what's it been like for another year like this. you may have started out and you thought this was a brief thing, but now does it feel like this is the new life that you have? and kind of going to school while a war is going on? >> it is a new thing for all of

us, but i think we got used to it because we've had this routine for the last year and now it doesn't really feel like there's something unusual about it. just a new life we have to get used to. >> so maxine, you come from a town, severodonetsk which is now occupiedrussians. when did that annuahappen and w did you leave? >> we stayed in the city for a long time. 66 days of bombardment in the city. and like -- >> and you were there while it was happening. >> yeah. and the line front like, it was lik like-and there were russian soldiers close. >> that must have been scary. and you could hear the bom bomba bombardment?

>> yeah, bombardment and artillery. and even -- >> do any of you know somebody who is fighting? >> yes, my mother is fighting right now and i can say that she sometimes on the frontline but sometimes not and i hope that she is okay. >> and she's on the front lines? >> she can help, she can cure some soldiers. so -- >> so the medevac units but all right at the front lines. >> sometimes yes, statement not. >> to you get scared? >> i was very scared. i was crying a lot in the autumn. but unfortunately i get used to it. sometimes when i think about that i got used to that my mom would possibly die, it is -- i can see that -- i can't say any words about it. i think that any child can't

express that. >> marsha, when you were on the show the last time, you talked about how you had a message for putin and how you said that does he realize how much pain and destruction he is causing. do you feel like has your message changed one year later? >> definitely no. this year of war feels much more personal for me because my dad is fighting on the first line. certainly hasherd for me to say. but it is not the same situation. she says she is used to it. and i understand it, but for me it is hard to leave with the thought that your father can die. and you can lose him anytime. and so for me, i think that this message is still like very meaningful.

>> wow. when you -- do you think that you have lost some of that -- the innocence of childhood? >> all of us. russians took away from us our childhood. >> what do you like fantasize about if you think about like what is the thing that you look forward to, you hope for? >> i think the peace. i just want to live in peace. i don't want to be scared about anything in my life. >> and max, what kind of -- if this war wasn't going on, what do you think you'd be able to do? >> i'd be able to go to the tournaments in other countries. like i'm playing football. my hobby is football. and i like playing football. and i could go with my team to some tournaments. not only in kyiv, we could go to other countries and maybe other towns. >> have any of you changed your minds about what you will do

with your life because of this war? >> of course. i really want now to go and have a job in the field of international relationships. and international law. because i don't want any child ever experience what we're going through now. me, marsha and every child in ukraine, it doesn't matter if it is south, it is -- just all ukraine. >> war actually gave me some certainty because before, i was doubting about my career. and right now i'm pretty sure that i want to be a journalist. i just want to provide information about ongoing problems in the world. because since the war started, i realized how important information is. >> maria, what do you think? >> i don't know what i would do in the future, but i sure know that i want to live in ukraine.

like i live to sometime in america. and i just -- it wasn't my home. i wanted to live here. i want to go to school here. i want to like make our country better. >> any of you have any lessons to teen ages? >> miain piece of advice for me is basic. enjoy every part of your life because you didn't know what will be the next. you don't know whether you will be with your mother or father or if they will be gone. or your friends. or like that path of your life. it is very unpredictable. and the same was when we were called on the 24th of february and we realized that that is not the same life as i was living. so, yeah. >> you guys have been amazing.

and very kind to share all of this with us. and to share it with the world. i hope we can come back and do this with ukraine in peace. and that is our program from kyiv. thanks to all of you for being a part of the program this week. and i will see you next week. boom. one bank with the power of both. chase. make more of what's yours. (light acoustic music plays) (eagle screeches) (energetic music plays) there he is! it's right there! ♪ oh, he's straight ahead. he's straight ahead. straight ahead. go go go. ♪ cover more ground in the kia sportage turbo-hybrid. kia. movement that inspires.

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