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on three. hold on, hold on. >> unravel. every friday, saturday and monday. presented by samsung galaxy on tnt, trutv and stream on max. >> volodymyr zelenskyy heads to the white house soon. president trump will host the ukrainian president just days after falsely calling him a dictator and blaming him for russia's invasion. plus, suspicious enough for an investigation. why officials are now digging deeper into the death of gene hackman, his wife and dog. and then later, vice president jd vance. mark zuckerberg both claiming that modern masculinity is under attack. but what does that really mean? and is there a connection between modern masculinity and mental health? we're going to discuss with two experts ahead. good morning to you. you are live in the cnn

newsroom on this friday. i'm pamela brown in washington. the price of partnership right now at the white house, president trump is getting ready to welcome ukrainian president volodymyr zelenskyy at the top of the hour. they will hold a high stakes meeting and then sign an agreement on natural resources and the reconstruction of the war torn country. it follows a week of tense exchanges, with trump blaming zelenskyy for the war and even calling him a dictator repeatedly. well, now, he says he doesn't recall that. but today there are hopes for a more conciliatory tone. >> i think the president and i actually have had a very good relationship. it maybe got a little bit testy. >> president xi jinping that mr. zelenskyy is a dictator. um. >> did i say that? i can't believe i said that. next question. >> cnn's kevin liptak is at the white house. kevin. so the u.s. and ukraine have agreed to terms

on this deal. how significant is this meeting for both men? >> it's absolutely pivotal. you know, i don't think it's overstating things to say that volodymyr zelenskyy, when he arrives here in an hour from now, is essentially making the argument for the future of his entire country to a counterpart who at best has seemed skeptical of his intentions, but at worst has seemed openly hostile. so the stakes really could not be higher. this mineral deal that the two men will sign while zelenskyy is here is really meant to kind of put u.s. ukraine ties on stable footing. it does amount to a win for both of the men. and donald trump is telling it is essentially back payment for years of u.s. assistance to ukraine, but it does not contain any future financial commitments. it doesn't contain any future security guarantees, which is part of why zelenskyy balked when he first received this deal from trump's treasury secretary. now, in the telling of american officials, this will provide insurance of its own type,

essentially saying that if u.s. and ukraine are so financially intertwined that russia will not want to go back into ukraine, but that is not the type of security guarantee that zelenskyy is hoping for. it's also not the type of security guarantee that the europeans who are saying that they will send their own peacekeepers to ukraine, want to see from the united states. so this will be an important thing for the two men to talk about. now, we did hear a warmer tone from the president heading into this meeting about zelenskyy. but i think it was his comments about putin that were so alarming, essentially a credulous assessment of the russian president. listen to what he said. >> i think he'll keep his word, i think. i think he's i've spoken to him. i've known him for a long time now. you know, i've known him. we had we had to go through the russian hoax together. that was not a good thing. it's not fair. that was a rigged deal and had nothing to do with russia. i don't believe he's going to violate his word. i don't think he'll be back when we make a deal. i think the deal is going to hold. >> ultimately, it is that

trusting attitude towards putin that has left so many europeans, so many ukrainians, anxious about what is coming. >> yeah. and also, kevin, you have some new reporting on trump's next executive order. what are you learning? >> yeah, this is interesting. and i think it could be taken as sort of an extension of his hardline immigration agenda. he will be signing an order today designated designating english as the official language of the united states. throughout the course of american history, there's never been an official language in what this order would do was essentially rescind some previous guidance to agencies that they were to help non-english speakers with some of their services. they will still be allowed to do that, but they won't be mandated to do it. of course, donald trump has said on the campaign trail, talked about other languages coming into the united states as part of his sort of talk about immigrants. this will, i think, be an extension of that, and

we'll see him signing that later today. >> all right. kevin liptak live for us from the white house. thank you. let's continue this conversation with chief national security correspondent alex marquardt and cnn military analyst and retired air force colonel cedric leighton. alex, you kick it off with you. so president trump has been trumpeting this as a potential trillion dollar deal. but there is this catch because there are widespread doubts of ukraine even holding massive rare earth deposits and other other mineral health wealth, i should say. uh, what more can you tell us about this? >> well, pamela, the bottom line is we don't really know what ukraine has. there are estimates. there are maps that show minerals, both critical minerals, which are more mainstream, and the rare earths all over the country. but a lot of that data, i'm told, by current and former officials, as well as energy experts, is really outdated. a lot of these maps, a lot of that data comes from the soviet era and hasn't been updated in a long time. this was something that the

biden administration also looked at, because it was president zelenskyy who came up with this idea. he pitched it to both the trump and the biden teams last september. and i spoke with some senior biden administration officials who told me that they essentially dismissed it or didn't pursue it because it was seen as impractical. one official also called it colonial in its approach. it's clear that president trump likes the idea of a deal. but what i've been told by these officials and experts is most of what is perceived to be the most significant or have the most potential is actually in the eastern part of the country, where there are some of the fiercest fighting. so it's in contested areas where there's a lot of unexploded ordnance or mines, and a lot of it is in the russian occupied area. so that, of course, is going to be very difficult to get out of the ground. and then some of the more mainstream things like lithium, graphite, titanium that is in accessible areas. ukraine doesn't actually, on a global scale, have significant reserves of that. we've heard president trump talk about rare earth minerals, according to the u.s.

geological survey. ukraine actually has zero proven reserves of rare earth minerals. so when they actually go in and try to mine this stuff, this takes years, decades, often billions and billions of dollars. and so that's why i think, pamela, we're not seeing a lot of detail in this deal. it does appear what's being signed today is more about striking a deal than the actual specifics of what could happen in the coming years. >> yeah, it's all very opaque right now. and the reason why is probably what you just laid out, alex. colonel, to go to you on this. just taking a step back. of course, the mineral deal is a big focus today, but this comes as zelenskyy's own country really hangs in the balance. and this meeting with president trump is so critical because he needs president trump. he needs the backing of the united states for his country to essentially survive. right? >> yeah, that's absolutely right, pamela. and as kevin mentioned in his reporting from the white house, this is a very crucial for for ukraine. in

essence, what, you know, what zelenskyy is looking at is finding as many guarantees as possible, given the constraints that he's facing for the security of his country. we know that russia's goal is to eliminate ukraine as a sovereign nation. they have stated that outright, and they continue to have that war. aim i whether they achieve it this year or next year, is almost immaterial to putin, but it's still a goal that they have. so zelenskyy is looking at ways to counter that russian war aim and what he's trying to do is really put himself in his country in a position where others will be forced to help him, whether it's the europeans with forces, peacekeeping forces stationed there, whether it's the united states with this mineral deal, no matter whether or not there are actually rare earths in ukraine. so these are the kinds of things that zelenskyy is looking at. and what he wants to do in this case is he wants to make sure that there's a tangled, tangled web of alliances that protects his

country. >> and president trump says that he trusts vladimir putin to abide by a potential peace deal. obviously, putin has not been known to to stick with international agreements. colonel, how can the russian leader be trusted? >> well, that's really going to be the big question, pamela, because the russian leader has shown many, many times that when it comes to moves into places like ukraine or georgia or other places around his periphery, he is going to do what his aims are. he is basically pretty honest about what his goals are. if you look very carefully at what he says, but when it comes to these kinds of things, he really cannot be trusted. it kind of evokes the moments, you know, back in the early 2000 when president bush and other leaders, you know, saw that they could deal with putin. and in some ways they could. but there always are other aims there. and the relationships, of course, have quickly soured. and now trump is trying to improve those relationships. >> colonel layton alex

marquardt, thank you so much. and we'll be talking a lot more about this meeting this morning, obviously, as we await the arrival of president zelenskyy about 50 minutes from now. and still ahead, suspicious enough to warrant an investigation. what the santa fe sheriff is saying this morning about the deaths of gene hackman and his wife. and next, as more federal employees are finding out today, they no longer have a job. a judge is putting a pause on mass firings, though at some agencies where things go from here. that is the big question. next. >> amid upheaval and sweeping changes. >> the president of the united states. >> trump, heads to capitol hill to share what's next. follow cnn for complete coverage and in-depth analysis. the presidential address to congress tuesday at eight on cnn. >> some people like doing things the hard way, like doing their finances with a spreadsheet instead of using quicken. quicken pulls all your financial

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terminations, with more firings possible today. but a federal judge has now granted temporary relief for some of the organizations fighting president trump's dismantling of the government. he ruled that the mass firings of probationary federal workers is likely unlawful. writing, quote, the office of personnel management does not have any authority whatsoever under any statute, and the history of the universe to hire or fire any employees but its own. cnn's rené marsh joins us now. wow. this judge did not mince words. what is the immediate impact of the decision? >> well, this judge specifically blocked the department of defense from firing probationary employees that they were planning to fire this friday, which is today. but really, pamela, it's unclear what the full impact is going to be on the thousands of probationary employees at other agencies who have already been fired. what this ruling really did was

essentially state that opm does not have the authority and overstepped its authority to essentially instruct these agencies to fire or how to manage their own workforce. and that's what the judge was saying in that quite interesting quote here. it's quite forceful quote here where he says there is no statute in the history of the universe in which opm has the authority to hire or fire employees other than their own. but at the heart of this was this february 14th memo that essentially, opm told these agencies to identify employees who were not considered essential and send separation letters to these individuals. these probationary employees are people who have been on the job for less than a year now, the trump administration's lawyers argued that we made a an ask. we didn't force these agencies to do this. the judge was not buying that. however, the judge did acknowledge that agencies

themselves do have the right and authority to fire probationary employees. and this judge also said that he didn't have the power to reinstate these probationary employees, the thousands of them that had already been fired. so, again, unclear what the full impact of this ruling will be, but it is clear that the opm does not have the authority to tell these agencies to do this. >> all right. rené marsh, thank you so much. great to see you. up next, it is the subject of podcast and books, and both the vice president and mark zuckerberg recently talked about it. is there a masculinity crisis? we'll discuss next with one of the top health podcasters, doctor andrew huberman and psychoanalyst doctor james hollis. >> on twitter. breaking the bird premieres march 9th on cnn. >> goldilocks needs a place of her own and fast. thankfully, she's on redfin. they update their listings every two minutes, and with so many options, she's bound to find exactly what she wants. >> this one's just right.

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regain his lunch break. try now for free. visit otter.ai or download the app. >> welcome back! >> have i got news for you? >> new tomorrow on cnn. >> officials are now saying the deaths of gene hackman, his wife betsy, and their dog are suspicious enough to warrant an investigation. but authorities also say there were no immediate signs of foul play. deputies were first called for a wellness check after a caretaker made this call to 911. >> they appeared to be awake or alert. >> no no no no no no. >> are they moving at all? >> no, they're not moving. just send somebody up here really quick. >> okay. they're on their way. okay. >> cnn's security correspondent josh campbell joins us now live from santa fe. so what are you hearing from authorities about a possible timeline here? josh. >> yeah. pam, you know, this case is obviously a tragedy, but also a big mystery. and you know very well covering law enforcement for so many years that when you have a death that

doesn't always involve authorities, sometimes it's just the medical examiner here. when the sheriff department arrived, what they found concerned them so much that they went to a judge, got a warrant in order to search the residence. here's what we know about what they found when they arrived. now, as they entered the residence, they found gene hackman's wife, betsy, on the floor of the bathroom next to her. there were pills that were scattered about. there was a deceased dog that was in a closet nearby. and in yet another room was gene hackman. and so authorities again calling that suspicious enough in order to get a warrant. that investigation is now underway. they say that at this point, no signs of any type of foul play. there was no sign of any type of struggle, and nothing was taken from the residence. so it didn't appear to be some type of robbery. the sheriff here spoke earlier with nbc news, talking about more about what authorities found when they got to the residence. have a listen. >> there were several doors. >> that were unlocked. >> at the residence. i believe the front door was closed. but unlocked, unsecured. there was

one door that was. >> ajar and that. >> was towards the rear. >> of the residence. >> that two of the dogs that survived were coming in and out of the residence. we're not sure if that door was open. uh, upon the arrival of emergency personnel or if that, you know, if it was opened upon entry of emergency personnel. >> now, there are two investigations going on at the same time. you have the sheriff's department that's trying to determine what was happening at the house, but also the medical examiner trying to determine the specific cause of death. we did hear from authorities yesterday with some important information. that is, the autopsies have been done. they say at this point there's no sign of any external type of trauma. they did send out tests for carbon monoxide as well as toxicology tests, all to try to understand what was happening here. and finally, it's worth pointing out that the sheriff's department is used to high profile cases. this is the very same investigative team that worked the alec baldwin case involving the shooting on the set of the movie rust. they certainly understand that members of this community, and indeed fans of gene hackman and his family around the world, want to know what happened.

they're trying to get those answers. pam. >> all right. josh campbell, thanks so much. largely misunderstood. that is how notorious right wing influencer andrew tate described himself after touching down in florida yesterday. the self-proclaimed misogynist and his brother had been held in romania on charges of rape and money laundering, among other alleged crimes. their embrace of an aggressive brand of masculinity has been welcomed in some powerful circles, especially as many people call out what they see as a crisis for men these days. vice president jd vance addressed it at the conservative political action conference last week. >> i think that our culture sends a. message to young men that. you should suppress every masculine urge. you should. >> you should. >> try to. >> cast aside your family. you should. try to suppress. >> what makes you a young man in the first place. and i think that my my. message to young men. is don't allow. >> this broken. culture to send you a message.

>> that you're. >> a bad. person because. >> you're a man, because you like. >> to tell a joke, because you like to have a beer with. >> your. >> friends, or because you're competitive. >> and meta ceo mark zuckerberg said this on joe rogan's podcast last month. >> i think a lot of the corporate world is is like pretty culturally neutered, the kind of masculine energy i think is, is good. and obviously, you know, society has plenty of that. but but i think corporate culture was really like trying to get away from it. >> well, the word masculinity holds a different meaning to many. recent studies show that men are less likely, less likely to have close friends, and less likely to reach out for help. data also show young men falling behind in education and in the labor force, and experiencing higher rates of suicide than women. so why are these problems becoming more amplified with time? with us to try to better understand this question is

stanford neuroscientist doctor andrew huberman, who hosts one of the top health podcasts in the world, the huberman lab, and author and psychoanalyst doctor james hollis. gentlemen, great to see you both. >> thank you very much. pleasure to be with you. >> doctor hollis, i want to start with you because you were a guest on doctor huberman's podcast, which topped spotify's wellness chart last year. and in that episode, you discussed many of the points we'll get to today. but broadly speaking, do you think there is a crisis of masculinity as some are trying to claim, especially in the subset of young men? >> well, i think there's a crisis of how we describe masculinity. the way the vice president was speaking about it was based upon, i think, antique notions of gender, gender roles, gender identity. and underneath all of that is a kind of assumption that this comes with nature or divinity, when in fact we know that gender is a human contrivance. gender is a human

construct. sexuality is natural. it's part of our physiology. but the way we've defined what a man is supposed to do, feel, or act is related to each culture, each family, each nation and each history and so forth. so we need to understand, first of all, it's provisional. so the definition of what a human being is is up for grabs and is evolving as we learn more and more about our own natures. >> doctor huberman, i'm curious what you think about that. so many men of all ages listen to your incredibly popular podcast. you often hear from them. what do they say to you about this issue? >> yeah, so. >> i look at things. >> a bit. >> more through the lens. >> of biology. >> than. >> psychology. >> but i do look at them through both. and what i'm hearing are essentially three things. first of all, i think everybody acknowledges that we have a crisis of loneliness among men. i believe among all americans, but certainly among men, young

and old. and that's a serious consideration, especially because when we hear about men. typically it's young men, but men doing things that are truly bad that everyone would agree is bad. okay. school shootings, things of these sorts. there's almost always a conditions of loneliness that that accompany that this this person is isolated. this person is is not embedded in community. well. so so this is key. that's at the extreme. but we are well aware that there's a crisis of loneliness more generally in this country, and that young men are suffering from this. that leads to the second point, which is, you know, it is it's not necessary, but it's been typical and it is healthy for there to be competition and hierarchy among young men. and when i say that, i mean, that's the way that many young men traditionally, but still now sort out what they're good at, what they're less good at. and i think there's a misconception that all men have to be excellent at everything, that every you know, i think it's a clear misperception that every

young man has to be muscular and fit and brilliant and creative. you know, having grown up in a big group of young men and boys, and now i'm 49 years old. men, boys sort out where they are in this so-called hierarchy by figuring out what their natural talents are, what their gifts are, and where they thrive. and that is not done in isolation. that's always been done in groups. and i think what we're missing nowadays is the opportunity to engage in healthy competition and hierarchy and be celebrated for that. and i look at this as just a healthy aspect of becoming a man. i'm hearing this a lot from my male audience, and about 55% of my podcast audience is male. the other 45% is female. um, and what i'm hearing is, hey, you know, i don't feel like i can express myself, but that's true across the board for the more creative types, for the more athletic types, for those that have more intellectual leanings.

and i think that the big misperception now is that if you're not in tech, you're not athletic or something, that somehow you're not able to express yourself fully. that's never been true, and it's certainly not true now. >> i think it's so important to really drill down on what you brought up, doctor huberman, on on the loneliness and how that is playing into all of this. there's a gallup poll out recently. 1 in 5 people report being lonely. that's men and women. and by the way, there will be a time to come to discuss, you know, women and issues facing them as well. but right now, i want to focus on this issue facing men. doctor hollis, why do you think loneliness is such a big issue, particularly among young men? as doctor huberman was just laying out there? >> well, it's the way i expressed it in the interview with doctor huberman. i asked women and young men to think about this. when did they get separated from themselves? when did they realize they have to start hiding their inner life? when did they get separated and distrusting of their inner life? if you're a woman, you should

imagine this. first of all, that all of your close friends, the people that you count on in discussing your family, your love life, your children, your worries about your body, et cetera they're cut away from your life in perpetuity. secondly, to to realize that your worth as a human being is going to be determined by your meeting. abstract standards of productivity on a constant basis, and the line keeps moving, and it's defined by total strangers. and thirdly, that you're cut off from your source of inner guidance, whatever the woman would consider her intuition or her instinctual guidance, the man has to be functioning, constantly competitive world. and i and i agree the competition can be healthy, but we also have to understand it can be destructive as well and creates in men's lives that you're either a winner or a loser. and whenever men are experiencing their insufficiencies or inadequacies or failures or whatever, they

label themselves in very severe ways. so why would one want to share that with another? from childhood on, men have been shamed from, uh, by other children and by adults for expressing their inner life. so it leads to a profound self estrangement, and that shows up in their refusal or apprehension about trying to connect with other males in their life. >> and one of your books, i believe it's called under saturn's shadow. it's all about men, you say. i believe it's in this book. every man is a mountain of anger and lake of tears. and you look at the data, um, data shows boys are struggling at school. they have fallen well behind girls in academic achievement, women make up the majority of students on america's college campuses. a gap of 16 points. the labor force participation rate has also declined among young men. now, some viewers might be watching this and saying, you know, a lot of these men, they might be privileged, you know, to begin with, with their race and their social class and so

forth. um, doctor huberman, just to bring you in on this and what doctor hollis said, how do you see that? and just sort of the evolution of what it means to be a man in society now and, you know, especially among the young men, because from what i gather, that's really where you're seeing a lot of the the sort of core issues here. >> yeah. well, because my podcast focuses mainly on tools or we call them protocols for mental health, physical health and performance. what i mostly hear is, you know, certainly during the pandemic, people felt isolated. right. but now, um, a lot of what i hear is that notions of self-care, uh, for lack of a better phrase, notions of self-care, like getting better sleep, perhaps avoiding alcohol, certainly in excess, did an episode on alcohol that still is one of our most popular episodes, which emphasizes, really, that zero is better than any. if you're talking strictly about health, and that there's a pretty small number of alcohol contained drinks that you can consume healthily, um, across

the week that, you know, reducing alcohol or eliminating it altogether, engaging in exercise, um, getting sunlight in the morning. these are zero cost practices that really we could call self-care, right? i mean, they're applicable to everybody, not just men. >> but yeah, i do some of that. >> in the past. yeah, i think in the past, the notion of self-care was considered kind of soft. what i'm hearing from literally millions of men and women as well, but millions of men is that, you know, taking good care of oneself, emphasizing getting good sleep, emphasizing limiting or reducing, limiting or eliminating alcohol, excuse me. or or other substances like, you know, cannabis. we could talk about that as well, trying to get regular exercise, these sorts of things for everybody, not just people who seek to be athletes that that better self-care, uh, converts into better mental health. um, better sleep, obviously, but better mental health. physical health. and when i say performance, that sounds a little bit like health optimization or biohacking. when we say performance, it could be the ability to concentrate

better in school, the ability to be more present to relationships of all kinds. i just want to mention one other thing, which is that i, when i refer to competition and hierarchy, i mean, in the healthy sense, you know, it's a little bit of healthy ribbing about, hey, like, yeah, you could do better encouragement, right? um, through competition and healthy ribbing, not certainly not shaming or anything of that sort. you know, that's that's healthy competition. and it is where boys typically find what they're good at and what they're less good at. and that often leads to, for instance, i think we still celebrate the creatives, the male creatives in our culture, singers, actors. i mean, these are some of the most highly revered people now in the united states and elsewhere, not just athletes, et cetera. i think anytime we're talking about performance or competition or where one shines or has talent, i think a false assumption is that you need to be the ceo of $1 billion company, or the founder of $1 billion company, in order to really be in your full expression as a as a human, as a

man. what i'm really talking about is how everybody i do believe men and women, but everybody has some unique talent that you can tap into if you really understand who you are with yourself and relative others. and i think one of the most important contributions among many of others, but the most important contributions that doctor hollis has made is this process that everybody can go into. it sounds a little bit, um, you know, abstract to some, but it's very concrete that, you know, getting things done in the world. he calls it, you know, being in stimulus response, you know, the emails, taking care of your coursework, doing your, your, your athletics, et cetera. whatever that happens to be is critical. but so is going internally and really asking, you know, who am i? what do i really think about what i'm seeing around me? do i like it? do i not like it? learning to form one's own opinions so that you can arrive in the world with a stance of yeah, you're right, you know, i need that critical feedback as well as the opposite side of the coin of masculinity, i would say, which is when somebody suggests something, you say, you know, actually, i hear you and i

completely disagree and that both of those are welcome. and that's part of being a healthy, internally and externally structured human being. and forgive me, doctor hollis, i, i didn't do that justice. but when you came on the podcast, that was one of the most, um, themes with millions of people, this idea that you have to understand yourself and that can't be done in isolation. so i thank you for raising that point. >> yeah, there's a reason that was the number one wellness podcast last year. all right. stay with us because i want to hear what doctor hollis has to say about that. on the other side of this break. we'll be right back. >> united states of scandal with jake tapper returns sunday, march 9th on cnn. >> hey. >> sam. >> what's going on? >> hey, joe. we're getting our new replacement windows installed. we went with renewal by andersen. the replacement windows are among the best in the industry. >> good morning. >> hi, don. this is my neighbor, joe. >> nice to meet you. hey, don.

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huberman and author and psychoanalyst doctor james hollis. um, doctor, i want to bring you in because i want to wonder what your thoughts are as we're talking about the importance of introspection and really finding your true path and your authentic self, how you do that, how you can do that when you have the use of phones and social media and the studies showing the impact that they have had on younger generations. um, potentially making them more prone to anxiety, depression, and in some cases, suicide. um, i wonder what you say to that, what advice you might have, doctor hollis, in this ecosphere of information overload that i know i experience every day. >> of course. and, you know, one of the things that we've realized is the more connected we are electronically, the less we're really talking to each other. people yell at each other online, but they're not actually sharing what their reality is. um, men are afraid of connecting with another man because they're always afraid of being shamed in some way, or

judged by that other person. and so the big test for any man, first of all, is to get conscious and begin to examine their life and ask where their choices are coming from and where are they getting their orders from somebody who's making a lot of noise out there, or from someone who is able to help them access their inner reality. and then secondly, to be willing to share that with another man, it's often easier to share it with women for the simple reason they do that routinely. for men, that means risking exposure, becoming vulnerable, opening to another man and to other men. and of course, if you don't do that, it enhances the isolation and the self shaming even more. that's why we have a whole youth culture of living through video games, which is not real. it's it's it's it's distraction. uh, pornography. and for pot and other drugs because it's an avoidance of stepping into the reality of one's own journey and being conscious and taking

responsibility for how one is conducting one's life and what one's behaviors are in service to. >> doctor huberman, what is your take on that as a neuroscientist from that perspective, and what this information overload, social media, et cetera, does to our brains? >> yeah. so well, i personally hold the strong belief that one of the core aspects of the human brain, but in particular the male brain, if i may, is to create action at a distance. you know, this is not to say that women don't do this right. they are interested in this and can be extremely proficient in this as well. but but there's a there's a kind of fascination among many, not all, but many boys and men about creating action at a distance. and this is fundamental to human evolution from everything from sure weaponry. but also, um, you know, putting new music into the world, um, putting new technology into the world, putting knowledge into the world. um, obviously social

media allows for action at a distance, but through language and words, um, and sometimes video action and things of that sort. so we've, we've taken this what i think is an innate human drive for creating action at a distance. um, and obviously the further and the, the more visible, um, that creates a certain reward, um, in the human brain, reward pathways involving dopamine and other neuromodulators. so, you know, you think about a generation of people who are raised doing this, where one of the primary ways that they get, uh, social validation or that they can express themselves literally is through action at a distance, through words written with their thumbs. very, very different than anything that happened prior to 20 years ago or 15 years ago. so, um, what has happened, however, is that i think we've become more divorced from action at a distance in the physical world. um, and now this could be a hike, right? this doesn't have to be throwing a rock to kill something. i'm not

trying to be primitive with this, but anytime we see a technology such as social media, any technology whatsoever, that technology is always going to be played out through neural circuits in our brain and body that have existed for hundreds of thousands of years. right. that evolved over over millions of years and thousands of years. so, you know, this is why the there's a very key point here, which is that the reward pathways that, yes, involve dopamine that make us feel good. right? reward can be good or reward can be bad. anytime that you can achieve reward without having effort prior to it, it's dangerous. drugs of abuse, methamphetamine, cocaine. um, uh, online gambling. um, abundance of of pornography. anytime that you can achieve these dopamine releases without effort prior to it, you run the risk of. yes, addiction compulsion. these are different things, right? habit. right. they're not always it's not always addiction. it can be compulsion or something. could merely be habit forming. but one of the things that i've really

emphasized on the podcast is that we need to think about where we're getting these so-called dopamine hits, or reward without effort coming prior to it. and i think social media gives that very easily. now, i use social media to teach. i think they're healthy uses of social media, healthy use of social media, in my mind, would include the, um, accessing of mentors that you couldn't access in your close proximity. and so but i'd like people to understand this and just look at it in their own lives. any time that you are achieving reward without effort prior, you run the risk of creating mental or physical disease. i mean, we've essentially created that in the food system. we create it in the in the notions of sexuality. and here i'm not to i'm not here to disparage you, not necessarily even all pornography or all sports gambling, but i'm just saying that these are slippery slopes because of this lack of effort required to achieve the dopamine hit prior to it, i've been. >> approaching this from a scientific standpoint, and that's what's so fascinating about it. yeah. >> i. >> can order my food and not go

pick it up, right? you eliminate a key step. it might seem like a minor step, but over time you wonder why we're so abundant in calories and so deficient in health, for instance. >> well, and i think about that as a mom with my kids, like, that's something really important to think about. um, wow, what a fascinating, interesting conversation. i learned a lot from this doctor huberman from the huberman lab podcast. thank you for your time, doctor hollis. thank you. you have had a profound impact on my life. after my mom died. i read your book, living an examined life and the second half of life, and it helped me tremendously. so thank you for your time as well, gentlemen. we'll be right back. >> on twitter. that's a great name. >> we invented a whole new thing. no one could possibly have understood where it was going. >> twitter. breaking the bird premieres march 9th on cnn. >> problems with gray hair. not anymore. with the new alpecin gray attack, an easy to use shampoo for darker and thicker

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zelenskyy's arrival at the white house front and center in today's visit, ukraine's natural resources, especially its rare earth minerals and the role they could play in ending the war with russia. cnn's chief climate correspondent, bill weir joins us now. bill, what kind of minerals does ukraine actually have? >> that is the trillion dollar question, pamela. a lot of the information is a bit outdated. we're not really sure, but best estimates right now is they have an abundance of the stuff that is going to become much more valuable as the world moves away from fossil fuels, the fuels that burn toward a more electrified future here as well. we're talking about these particulars because of the products they lead to titanium, for example, super strong and light. that's why it's used to make fighter jets. lithium, of course, goes into the batteries in both cars and all the gadgets in our lives. graphite is used in steel production. in fact, some startups are using it as thermal batteries. it's sort of the dense form of carbon and nickel and cobalt is vital in battery supplies. also, wind

turbines and most of this is found in places like congo. a lot of cost to the environment, to the populations there as well. and so president zelenskyy is saying come to ukraine and we can provide a lot of these sorts of things, but not all of these are equal, like titanium for example. pretty big reserves in the western part of the country, easy to get to. but lithium, relatively tiny little pockets. and half of it is behind russian occupied territory. lines right now a lot more complicated. and when it comes to. nickel and copper and cobalt as well, it's very complicated in terms of getting it out. and then before the russian invasion, something like 80% of these deposits had even been exploited. ukraine is very, very in the nascent stages of major industrial mining. so regardless of whatever deal is struck today, investors from the u.s. and other countries would have to pour hundreds of millions, billions of dollars in spend up to decades just getting the infrastructure in place,

especially in a country where half of their electricity grid has been devastated by this war. and, for example, the lithium in ukraine is much harder to get because of the geology there. the rocks are different than in chile and australia, where it's easier to produce. so a lot of complications around the plans and certainly not enough production to have any difference in this conflict right now. pam. >> bill weir, thank you so much for helping us better understand we are minutes away from ukrainian president volodymyr zelenskyy's arrival at the white house for a meeting with president trump. we'll bring that to you. live when it happens. >> here's some information about replacing windows and doors that just may surprise you. i'm brian gary, i'm here with brian price from renewal by andersen. >> hey, brian, homeowners always ask my windows aren't even ten years old. why do i have to replace them? but if they aren't quality windows, they may not last. >> some builders put money into kitchens and bathrooms and cheap out on the windows on the

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chime. join the millions of chime members like me building credit every day@charm.com. >> united states of scandal with jake tapper returns sunday, march 9th on cnn. >> well, good morning to you. you are live in the cnn newsroom. i'm pamela brown in washington. any moment president trump will be welcoming ukrainian president volodymyr zelenskyy to the white house for a critical meeting at a pivotal