almost equal to the world shortfall at that time. he further estimates that india's quote, demographic dividend, will peak at 2035 by which time india will have added an additional to have your 70 million persons to is working age population paragon. these legions of young indians and transfers work -- workforce for the first time represent an immense economic opportunity for india and his partners. but only if they receive the education and training they will need to compete in india's globalizing economy. right now the united states is educating over 90,000 indian students in u.s. universities. but america's educational institutions would like to do more, work in india to reach the vast majority who cannot go to the united states for an education. we plan to build on the goals of

the government -- indian government to boost literacy, expand vocational training, and improve access to higher education. u.s. universities and professors have much to share with india. we have particularly welcome to the ambitious plans at india's new minister for human resource development and plans for educational reform. in the area of women's empowerment there is much we can learn from india, a country with a female president, a female speaker of the house, and a female head of its largest political party. secretary clinton will describe in more detail during her trip our plans to expand cooperation in that area. a forthcoming have intensified bilateral cooperation will be to mobilize our to knowledge society is to expand the frontiers of human knowledge and use that knowledge to improve people's lives.

in science and technology cooperation has always been important part of u.s. india cooperation. but we must do more to harness the brainpower of our scientific and research communities and their private-sector counterparts to improve energy efficiency, to find low-cost health care solutions, and enhance and food security. agriculture is a very high priority for prime minister saying in an area where we also hope to expand cooperation. to quote him again, the hold of middleman has blocked the the rise of open networks, special interests have blocked reforms. the prime minister and his team are well aware of these challenges and the united states is ready to help with technology, research and by sharing best practices in the cost of farm to fork supply food chain.

ladies and gentlemen, president obama neely capture the scope and breadth of our relations when he said, our rapidly growing in deepening friendship with india offers benefits to the world citizens as our scientists all environmental challenges together, our doctors discover new medicines, our engineers advance our societies, are on edge penurious generate prosperity, our educators laid the foundation for our future generations, and our governments work together to advance peace, prosperity and stability and around the globe. let me turn briefly to that latter statement about our plans to collaborate on global challenges. in ambassador schafer who most of dinow who has deep experience in india recently remarked that the u.s. relationship has been largely bilateral sometimes regional but rarely global. our two countries want to change that and take our relationship

global. nonproliferation of marks the one area that you would have thought possible even a few years ago. earlier this year president obama announced in a prague his vision of a nuclear-free world. also earlier this year in this special envoy told an audience at the brookings him that the civil nuclear initiative has enabled india to look quote, proactively and not defensively at a new global agenda for nuclear non proliferation and nuclear disarmament. we have already seen signs of this new outlook. in recent weeks in csi is iaea additional protocol, foreign minister chris not condemned the north korean nuclear tests and india became only the third state to completely destroy its chemical weapons stockpile. climate change is another thorny

issue where there is room to make progress. the united states views india as a partner in confronting the international challenges of clean development, energy and climate change. as president obama has indicated, we agree that actions to address climate change must also respect india as urgent development needs. but if you take a step back from a climate change negotiating table and think of india's development path as a whole, there's tremendous potential. india does not need to follow the same old and fossil fuel development path. as with the extraordinary growth of mobile telephones in india, india can leapfrog to 21st century clean energy technology. already the united states and india are working together to promote more energy-efficient buildings, clean coal technology, and of the use of solar, wind, hydro and other

renewable energy technologies. we plan to do much more. so to conclude my remarks, let me just turn to the question posed by the seminar -- i think the u.s. and india increasingly are natural allies. we share a growing convergence of our values, and our interests, our peoples, and our governments are engaged together and virtually every field of human endeavor. now after more than a decade of cooperation it is clear there are strong and bipartisan support in both countries to cooperate even more closely. more important however are the strong people to people ties. prime minister singh frequently tells audiences that almost every middle-class family in india has some relative who is studying in the united states are working in the united states or has had some other kind of experience in the united states.

such ties provide the mutual understanding and the ballast that will enable continued progress in the u.s.-india relations. during my recent trip to india with undersecretary burns where we were preparing for the secretary's trip later in july, we heard from indian interlocutors that the sky is the lament to it the u.s. india relationship. and actually with our growing space cooperation we have to extend that particular boundary of cooperation. in this stage is bare for sat and the curtain is rising on a u.s. india 3.0. our governments and our peoples together will help shape the course of the 21st century. so thank you very much again for this kind invitation and i will be happy to take a few questions. [applause] >> we will just abide by the rules, everybody knows what they

are. raise your hand, wait for the microphone, identify yourself. what we take some in the back for a change and make sure to keep your question brief. >> please no questions about down terrorists. [laughter] >> rebecca cooper from the nuclear nobel monitor -- i wanted to ask about the prospects for the second part of the 123 agreement implemented of processing agreement. ii understand that india was also hoping to do this after their election, can you talk about the process and how you feel that is good two go in congress? >> those talks are going to start later this summer and so we're on track in that regard. >> freelance correspondent. you mentioned and out of this economy trade corporation -- all

like to ask you as the coming wto talks, what is in the u.s. strategy and also everything is politics. how is the u.s. willing to get it down? and you mentioned about the climate change. and climate change basically, to deal with that is trained technology and you have mentioned about some conversion with india. and basically how is the u.s. going to globalize u.s. train technology? thank you. >> purse of all with respect to of our new trade policy i don't want to wade into that. you have to ask ron kirk, the new head of the u.s. trade

representative who will -- who has had already productive talks with anand sharma. we have already seen a greater willingness not to engage on the part of the minister and we encourage that and look forward to working with him and his new colleagues. on the question of climate change as i said we have already been engaged with the indians for many years on developing nuclear energy technologies of various kinds and we think that there is a great opportunity now to expand that cooperation between our two countries and the energy dialogue has been an important part of our relationship and i want to not only continue that but expanded into this new area to put an even greater focus on clean energy. >> you said that india was the third state to completely

destroy its chemical stockpile, what were the other two countries that have done so? [laughter] >> i knew you were going to do that. i don't know, i don't know the answer to that question we will have to get back to you on accurate give me your card and i would be glad to find out for you. >> david good. bob, secretary clinton in his speech last week said that india is india and other nations play an expanded role in resolving international security challenges. we should be prepared to adapt the architecture of international as additions to revive their new responsibilities. is there anything specific in mind that the united states support expansion of security council for instance? >> we are engaged now in a review on the broad issue of human security council reform which includes the thorny issue of new permanent members and things like that, so i don't

have any news for you on that yet, but in general as the secretary said we do believe that international institutions as a group should reflect the new wage in the new importance of countries like india. >> malcolm brown and i ask this on behalf of times out of india. the you were basically a broadly on the same page but there were some areas of potential difference. on the security front for instance there is a concern evidently that some of the support being provided to pakistan is not directly targeting the insurgency and has capabilities and other directions. in all so it seems washington is in a position to apply greater leverage in pakistan to address the mumbai attacks and other terrorist concerns that india has. at what is your take on those

points? >> well, i would say that first of all we are encouraged by steps that the pakistan government has taken inside pakistan in this what two bally -- in this what valley to face challenges that pakistan faces and we're also infers that those steps have won popular support among the pakistan people. because we believe that that support will provide the basis for continued action to ensure that the soil of pakistan is not used as a base from which militants and extremists can attack neighboring countries. >> can i ask a question? >> sure. >> you don't have to identify yourself. >> once again, you didn't mention although the administration has made clear that there the treaty will be on their front burner perhaps after

starts but certainly on the front burner. and this is traditionally been an object of some disagreement between us and the indians. in light of the fact that the likelihood of this cdbg entry into force as is quite low given other countries that need to end will not sign it, i wonder whether, how you see the prospects for it and whether you think it is a possible problem and i also wonder if you in that same vein or just expand on the question of the convention supplementary compensation and whether you think we are going to be some movement in that area? >> on the first question of ctbt, i don't want to get onto that. i'm going to strangle you now -- because we're going to have quite tambrands of talks between our two sides on this very important questions, but i'll come back to what i said during my speech that we think there is an opportunity to work more

closely with our friends in the indian government on the wide range of nonproliferation issues paced by the globe now. so we are encouraged by that prospect. we have a new undersecretary who is about to take office as well as bob einhorn has extensive experience working in india so we look for to working with their indian counterparts on these issues. what was your second question? >> the convention on supplementary compensation. >> on that, it is a matter now of most of the workers i understand in india is done and it is a matter of getting parliamentary ratification approval so i think we are most of the way there. but i will leave the details of that to our indian friends to describe. >> i probably haunt the microphone for the last question so thank you for your time and generosities and we will see you again soon. can i thank you also very much.

[applause] >> let me say a word of thank-you to the scholar francis conference so ably and to all of our other guests who are with us today. our evidence is now closed, thank you very much [inaudible