all these spirit of camp david -- >> do you think now -- when your father was at camp david, before that u2 flight that was shot down, there had been others as you mentioned. and, of course, your father knew about them. he did not ask ike at camp davi -- he could have said, mr. president, will you stop flying over my country? why did he not do that? >> when i sit by you eye by eye and younow robbing my apartment and i will ask you, peter, why are you robbing my apartment, maybe he will not rob it the second time. my father looked humiliated when at the asked him to send protest to the united states. he told them my presence for the foreign minister gramika when

they are protest and how they are laughing at me, the u2 flight that pushed these arms race and development of all thes antiaircraft weapons but americans knew, i hope they knew that the soviets at the time was able to shoot it and why they send it? maybe they're saying that these two old men went too far because my father know he was rdy to sign the treaty. and i get eisenhower also wanted to do it the last accord of his team and maybe somebody didn't want it to be signed. i know it was many people who thought that it was not in the soviet interest. >> now, you mentioned earlier

the instant where mayor paulson insulted khrushchev in los angeles. then khrushchev got mad and threatened to go home. the dinner ended in a moment of anxiety and then khrushchev went upstairs to his hotel room, gathered his aids and you around him and went into a a kind of tantrum about the mayor and about this incident hoping that he was being overheard on a bug. could yotell us that story. >> you can tell this story. it's in your book. but it's in your book. before you ask me i tell you th storyow you treatment. -- repeat it. >> well, he was so convinced that the americans were bugging his hotel room that he figured if he exploded with anger, they would be listening and they would change their policy. >> but they listened. >> i asked the state department

and the fbi if they were bugging the rooms and they told me no. i don't know whether that's true or not. >> of course untrue. >> they did change their poly after that but perhaps because gramiko went to talked to lodge. i don't know whether they were buing the room or not but khrushchev assumed they were. >> i look in the routine of all these people whether they did it, and let's lrn from the politics from the same personal conversations, you were just writing that khrushchev have the appetite in everything on the breakfast. d you're making fun of these and khrushchev explained th. that he take a day off his diet because he had a kidney problem and they don't allow him to eat. and it was true. he thought i'm visit i can eat, and he was curious to try

everything. try this. it was very different food. and i remember he asked to bring him a stinkyruit that could be eaten and the taste was like rotten eggs mixed with rotten boiled oil. [laughter] >> or onion. >> sounds great. >> so he tried to do this and also your stories that he tried to check everything to find lockers in the train station because in soviet unn, he heard to stand in line to give your luggage to secure. >> he was interested. he was interested inis environment. >> that in the ibm, he was more interested in cafeteria than

computer because you have self-service and you have no waitress like it was oldtj dine in the soviet union. >> he thought it was a more efficient wayo feed workers at the noontime meal, right? they'd be able to eat faster and get back to work. >> when you're looking in the computer you cannot understand. is it computer better than that computer or this computer better than other computer? so here it is very clear. and he liked just to take this examples from everywhere, especially, that he repeated all the time in united states and routinely in the soviet union, americans much ahead of us. we have to learn from them how effectively manage the economy and then after that, we will go forward and we'll send them goodbye from our train.

>> was he surprised at the amount of affluence here? did that surprise him or was he -- was he already aware of that. >> of what? >> of the affluence. >> i don't understand the word. >> the widespread of wealth. thatrdinary people had cars and that kind of thing. >> no, no, no. he was not surprised. we knew that americans living much better. why the american -- why it failed in moscow because they wantedo show these -- the american life. it was the department store. but for the ordinary people, department store when you're coming you can buy this. u cannot buy this it's useless when i ask my friends nobody remembered this, nobody remembered the american model

home. everybody remembered pepsico. they didn't like this. they told it taste -- or maybe it was not so much taste like shoe wax. but it was different because my friend told -- it was the russian class. it was russian not of alcoholic beverage made of the tried bread and it was different culture because they couldn't drink pepsi cola and he was offered this murky brown liquid that i don't know what reminding but something not very eatable. >> your father seemed to like that pepsi that he had at that fair? >> no, he didn't like the pepsi but after this discussion with nixon, he wanted just to close this down and to -- he behaved

the same as my wife. i asked what you remember about the exhibition. i remember it was very hot and i was very good-looking girls so they give me pepsi cola and take my father and i don' like it. it was not too shoe wax. it was too sweet a too dark. >> now, the americans thought this was very significant because the communist pares of western europe spent a lot of time attacking coca-cola and they used that as a symbol of america so when khrushchev seems to enjoy pepsi cola the kremlinists thought it was a significant event. obviously, you don't think it's that significant but it's

another example how the two countries didn't understand each other and tried to fumble to try to get clues. >> it is just different cultures. it's just what happened. and of course we're running out of time. but i want to say and ask you what you would recommend. khrushchev never went to disneyland and i also never went to disneyland because i don't want to -- how to say the mythology of disneyland that you never can go in. khrushchev never shouted i'm better than you in the united nations and i'm better from you it was the khrushchev in the 19th century that capitalist will bury. but he said this word three years before. it was no love affair with marilyn monroe.

my neighbor told that khrushchev flew secretly every week to florida to meet with her. >> your neighbor said that. your neighbor in america? >> in america. they hear this story in the newspaper that show all this not-true stories and they ha this picture. but my father had fun with the visit and americans understood he's not the bogey man and he's a funny fat man with his family. there was one woman that tell me that when he remember khrushchev at the time he want t stick him in the nose but after that, he decided he's different person. we're out of time. sorry that i'm ending this show, not you but thank you very much for your book. it was very interesting and i advise everybody to read this.

>> well, thank you, sergei and thank you for letting me talk to you about it now and for the interviews we did before i wrote it.

>> world war ii began 70 yea ago yesterday when a german battleship at a pole jaish outpost. leaders were in poland were there to commemorate the millions that were killed in a war. we'll show you as much as we can until our live event begins at 9:00 am eastern. [inaudible conversations]

[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversation]

[inaudible conversations] [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: i want to welcome everybody to the ceremonies commemorating the 70th anniversary of the second world war. i want to extend the words of welcome to the president and the prime minister of the representatives of poland and the united states and guests of poland and people of gdansk who have gathered here. i want to extend the warm words to the people. it will be uttered mainly to them. i would like everybody to stand up and listen to the anthem to the republic of poland.

♪ [speaking in native tongue] ♪ ♪

[speaking in native tongue] >> translator: take your seats, please. i want to invite predent of the republic of poland to open the ceremony. ♪ [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: prime minister, madam counciller, prime

minister's presidents, speakers, ladies and gentlemen, today comes the 70th anniversary of the outbreak of the war of wars of world war ii. we are here at westerplatte. the symbol of heroic resistance against overwhelming force. several hundred kilometers from here is the town that was the first to be bombed. over 1,000 people were killed. it is another symbol. a symbol of the total character of this war. over two generations have passed but this war continues to demand reflection. and now the question arises, what caused it?

it is certain that it was totalitarianism and rule of law and socialism. it is certain that the order that set in in europe after world war i, the so-called versailles order was the first, although short-lived attempt to construct peace on our continent and in the world. the treaty of versailles opened the road for independence for poland but also lithuania, latvia, astonia, hungary,

finland, czechoslovakia and then yugoslavia and within using slovenia, latvia, and it included the sovereignty of nations and the protection of minorities. it turned out to be that way for several reasons but not for the reasons totalitarianism and it brought the third reich which lived by an aggressive ideology,

an ideology of revenge. and nazism questioned the whole heritage oeuropean civilization during the years '33 to 1938, this totaltarism system was treaties fostered by france and great britain. and already in the '30s, poland proposed a preventive and preemptive strike and this proposal was not taken up, therefore, poland assigned a nonaggression treaty with germany just as it had a similar treaty with the soup. -- soviet union.

and these treaties cannot in any way be compared to that six years later. the nazi policy led first of all the assent to austria and munich and munich is a pact that we should reflect upon. as winston churchill rightly said, the powers chose between disgrace and honor or disgrace and war. they chose war but they chose -- they chose disgrace but they will have war as churchill said. and the territorial integrity of czechoslovakia was stipulated by

the munich treaty. it was wrong then. it is wrong today. to infringe on a country's territory. it is not only an issue of totalitarianism; it is also something that is characteristic for countries with imperial policies. we have witnessed that last year. the joining of hitler and the partition of czechoslovakia was our sin and we admit that sin. and we do not look for excuses even if such excuses were available.

munich calls for conclusions that are viable today. imperialism should not be bound to not even new imperial attitudes can be tolerated. of course, the outcomes of tolerating imperialism are not always as rapid as those that followed munich, but it nonetheless teaches us to think otherwise. in future. the pact of the 23rd of august, 1939, preceded directly the outbreak of world war ii.

it was not simply nonaggression pact it was also a pact that stipulated the division of europe into areas of influence. i want to reiterate what i said this morning. poland did receive the proposal of joining the pact and there was a proposal for poland to join a march to the east but poland renounced that proposal and did not join steadfastly adhering to its treaties.

the war that broke out led to defeat. there was no other possible outcome. this was followed by the tragic occupation, not only in poland but 5.5 million to 5. million citizens of poland of both polish and jewish nationality were killed during that wa they were the victims of this war, just as 50 million people all over the world. the holocaust was a crime that was committed during that period war but before the outbreak of war between germany and the soviet union, other crimes were committed, and that also calls for reflection.

not so much because of facts which are mostly known today but the causes should be discussed. why several dozens of thousands of officers of polish army and police were sentenced to death. this was a token of revenge for 1920 for the fact that poland withstood the aggression of 1920. it could be claimed that it is communism that is to blame. no, this time it was chauvinism. at that stage, the communist system had this characteristic character and the pact was not concluded in good faith.

either party wanted to outfox the other. stalin thought that the germans would bleed out fighting the british and fall prey to the soviet union. while hitler counted on a quick defeat in the west with safe east for the time being but either side made a mistake. and the war that ensued caused many, many russians, ukrainians, bella russians, georgians as to fall and we have to bow before

them as they were heroic. the nazi system was defeated but poland did not gain full sovereignty. the iron curtain fell over europe and on the other side of that curtain, not on the side that we were on. on the other side, a piod of reflection emerged and this was a fruitful reflection which led to the devising and assigning of the north atlantic treaty, a treaty that over the 60 years of its existence has become the exporter of stability freedom and mostly also democracy. it turned out to be a very successful experiment.

it must, however, be remembered that treaties require us to observe the stipulations. ..

>> translator: what were the prerequisites of that success? first and foremost, the communality of values such as freedom, democracy, and federalism. the next prerequisite was the imperial dreams. and at least a partial rescinding of the concept of areas of influence. without this, united europe was also the unthinkable.

and here, with 27 member states in future, possibly more member states, we have a new quality. this new quality should also be accessible to others. however, under one condition, that they accept the system of values, a system of valuewhich does not allow the going back to what once was where it quality is the mn principle. this requires broad multilateral cooperation, and also it requires democracy, not only in

the relations between the state and citizen, but also between states. if this happens, then we could say that following the unimaginable is of the year is 1939 to 1945, this unimaginable tragedy taught us a lesson. and that we have learned this lesson and drawn to conclusions. hopefully, we are going to progress living by the truth, living by values, living by a truth that may be difficult or painful, but a truth that needs to be accepted and confessed by the winners and the defeated.

those who have been defeated are not the only ones who are to confess. also, the winners should do so. according to christians, confession does not humiliate. it liberates. it makes us free. provided it is universal. we have the right to the end time it to act first, truth, to access the truth about tragic occurrences in our history, and we can never renounce about right. and i deeply believe that the whole of europe is going down that path, the path leading to pluralism, freedom, democracy, and truth, even if that truth

seems to be hard to take. because as i said, we are able to confess to our own sins. we need to be able to do so and not to compare the order to kill 30000 the death of people due to an epidemic. this is a pathway that we need to follow and that is needed not only by us but the whole of europe. thank you. >> mr. prime minister of thein e

republic of poland, madam chancellor, prime ministers, members of parliament, your excellency. ladies and gentlemen, the citizens of the tri-city on the first of september, 1939, the nightmare of europe and the world started with the attack on poland, here, a handful of soldiers resisted very heroically lead not see regime. it stood in defense of the honor of freedom and europe. it was here for the first time that nazi's faced resistance. it was here that people fought against but not see regime from

the first elastase of the war. today as the president of the european parliament, i want to say very strongly we shall never forget and we shall never let others forget. historians remembe cannot be pushed somewhere a way to the exhibition and amusing because this is an important and tragic remembered about millions of victims of the war. made harm and suffering, the symmetries all over the world being the community of remembered for us and the warning to those who were in power, the warning to future generations. this remembrance is the foundation upon which we build the future. the second world war came to an end in may 1945. the nazi regime collapsed, but it was not the end of the

persecution of european nations. only half of the continent was able to breathe freely. the courage of berlin of 1953 was required. the great and the people in prague and then polh coastline in 1970, and then the beginning of the solidarity movement which could not really be destroyed so that our continent could take a very deep breath again. the sobering changes in the soviet union helped. in 2008 the european parliament commemorated the visit of the two greatest altering regimes in the 20 century on the 23rd of agust and the anniversary of the pact. and european the remembrance of

the communism and not see movement. murder, the captivity and enslavement of the victims are the crimes, the war crimes and crimes against humanity. this is what the members of the european parliament wrote one year ago. the terrible expense of the war gave the idea to the founding fathers and united europe and this is not a coincidence that the first was the european community was created 60 years ago. with the most important commodity which was at that time and mind proposing an establishment of the community, the syllabary of production would make the war notnly be unthinkable, but simply something which doesn't pay. for many, yes, since that first

community we were destroying the walls which have remained after the second world war and we must never allow them to be directed again. we have to do this by using energy commodities. we cannot allow the manipulation of historic back. and here i would like to remember the work of fellow countrymen. only truth can frias. true that doesn't add something which doesn't miss something. and doesn't omit anything. with respect to those of those who died for our freedom, we have to follow in the footsteps. the foundations of solidarity can be created only by very concrete actions, by common basis. upon which we can devel ourselves also economically. we also have to be steadfast

carte democracy and human rights. the european union is a great value in itself. in the global world, it requires reliable partners. we need cooperation with the united states and other countries. the fact that today we are here together here is a great value in itself. were responsible for the reconciliation amongst the european nations. i want to pay tribute to those who are fighting in the defense of freedom. we europeans shall remember. we shall build. we shall build europe, which was worth your greatest sacrifice. thank you. [applause]

>> will you all please rise. let us not hear the roll of honor. [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: we gather here on the 70th anniversary of the breakout of the second world war, the most terrible of the catechisms of the 20th century, pay tribute to all its victims. may they be remembered forever. ♪ [inaudible conversations] ♪

♪ ♪ [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: please take your seats.

now i would like to ask prime minister of the republic of poland to take the floor. ♪ [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: y. here? why now? on the first of september and not on some some other day in some other place. the leaders of europe have gathered why on the first of september? why do we see here leaders of poland, from the previous years,

y. here on the first of september better and are meeting together with young people. the answer is that in gdansk it was in gdansk on the first of september the most terrible tragedy in the history of mankind started. and assigned, the traces of this tragedy, the symbols of that tragedy can be seen here everywhere where we can look, here very close to this place the very first soldiers lost their lives. the first soldiers, victims of the nazi and vision on poland. exactly here in this place.

but it is enough to look a little bit further to see the barbwire, of the concentration camp. there were so many concentration camp which were created that were against humanity, against mankind. it was without any sense that russians were killed, were killed and germans were killed. if we look in the other direction, also very close from this place, we would be able to see a forest not far from a small village. it was there that in the first weeks of the war, thousands of people were gathered. polish teachers, engineers, but

also soldiers, but also people who are absolutely innocent. and they were shot down in many places here. and many for us, this terrible secret was hidden. this war has its tragic and terrible face because also here in gdansk germans with the sign of the swastika or a assembling hundreds and thousands of their own countrymen, disabled, mentally disabled, and they shot them down also here in the forest. from the union of the town, hundreds of thousands were moved

away from their homes in the first weeks of the war. but if we look further on very close to my home place, we can see the symmetry of russian soviet soldiers. thousands of young people lost their lives here in early spring of 1945. as i have already mentioned, they gave their life for liberation, although they didn't know to bring freedom to us but we also pay our tribute to them and to care for their grades. why am i speaking about those examples of the cruelty of the war? i'm doing this because all of us are deeply convinced that the remembrance about the cruelty, the remembrance about

destruction of people and peoples is perhaps the most important, the most effective shield to protect us from the danger of the next war. nobody in the world to save even more, would ever remember the events from 1939 and the terrible events all over the world in that period. nobody who has the basic responsibility will never do anything to allow that nightmare to return. the remembrance roots are common responsibility to make sure that such a tragedy never happens again. but gdansk is certainly also a place of hope, here amongst many

eminent people. lech walesa was at living testament of the victory of solidarity, and many other values upon which new europe was founded. the fact that it was here that the solidarity movement was established, but also that europe was established as the reduction of the war and all those principles in the name in which the war broke out, it is possible that we remember the war and the values again so that such a war never happens again. those are the simplest values. however, here in gdansk on the first of september, everybody from moscow to rome, fromondon to paris to warsaw, from stockholm to slovenia, the balkans, from the baltic states, to the united states, everybody,

without exception, we must say today that we share the values and those values will protect us from the tragedy so that freedom must be always better than slavery. that democracy is always better than dictatorship. that truth is better from lives. that love is better than hatred. that respect is better than contempt. and that trust is better than mistrusts. and finally, that solidarity is better. i do not know a single person who would be sitting here in the audience, dear countrymen, who don't share the senator upon these values we founded heroes and upon these values we can and we have to found the order of security which would cover not

only the united europe, but the whole comment including ukraine, belarus. we are here so that we could give testimony that in spite of the tragedies, in spite of the tragedy, our nations stoppered for the sake of peace and entries trust our conference otherwise a meeting would never make sense. i want to say the different interpretations of history are allowed. everybody have their own remembrance. however, the facts which we sometimes interpret differently are of one nature. we want to remember the facts in order, not in order to use history against others, but we simply want to become the foundation of peace. we want the truth about this event to become the foundation of peace. today we remember the horribles of the jewish nation with those

who lost their lives and those who were murdered. we remember those that were destroyed in t. leningrad. we remember warsaw particularly. we also remember the words that whoever has the symbolic beginning of the most tragic of wars. adolf hitler on the eve of on the 22nd of august in that meeting with his generals said that something which was actually the essence of the war, the essence of the nightmare. he said if you are a winner, nobody will settle you down from the lines, he was a. he said zero tolerance and understanding for the week.

he said that only the strong are right. in the order in which we want to build together there is no ro for such ideas. we have built and we want to continue building in europe and in the world the order where it is not the strong that is right, but the one that is right is right. but it is not the winner who says what is in his interest against the truth, but everybody without exception is calling for the truth. if we want to build the order of security together, we have to reject the temptation of the domination of the strong over the weak. we want to believe in the principle which touted as the united europe where there is no room for content for the weakest becaus here is the we can.

i want to say at the end that there would be no point in organizing this assembly so important that europeans if it wasn't for my and our common belief that the salute which we have just heard here will be repeated and will be heard only as the sound of honor. that we are here in order to act against difficult history and difference of temptation. we are here to build trust and confidence. we are here to repeat the words for thousands of years have been presented here, never again war. thank you. [applause] [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: we invite now

angela merkel, the chancellor of the federal republic of germany. ♪ [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: mr. president, prime minister, colleagues, excellencies, ladies and gentlemen. today, 70 years ago, the most tragic chapter in the history of europe was ushered in by the german attack against poland. the war unleashed by germany brought immeasurable suffering over many people. that brought years of deprivation of rights, of humiliation and destruction. no other country sufferein its history as poland.

and particularly during those dark times about which we talk here today, the country was devastated, cities and villages were destroyed. and the capital after the uprising had been crushed in 1944, it was hardly any building left that was not in ruins. the lawlessness and violence earthrise daily lives and hardly any polish family was spared this experience. here i as german chancellor remember the fate of all polls on whom untold suffering was inflicted under the criminal german occupation. the horrors of the 20th century culminated in the holocaust, a systematic persecution and murder of the jews of europe. i remember the 6 million jews and all those who died a cruel death in german concentration and extermination camps.

and i remember that many millions who lost their lives in fighting and resisting germany. i remember all those innocent people who died of hunger, cold, and disease. so the violence of war and its consequences. i remember the 60 million people who lost their lives in a war unleashed by germany. words cannot adequately describe the suffering inflicted for this war and the holoaust. i bow my head before the victims. we all know the horrors of the second world war cannot be made undone. the scars shall remain for ever visible, but to shape the future and the awareness of our everlasting responsibility, this is our mission. it is in the spirit that europe has changed from a continent of

terror and violence, into a continent of freedom and peace. that this was possible is nothing short of a miracle. we germans shall never forget and have never forgotten germany's partners in east and west paved the way for reconciliation. you reached out to us germans, stretchingut a hand in the spirit of reconciliation, and wheatgrass it with gratitude. indeed, it is truly a miracle that this year we not only remember the dark chapters, the abyss of european history 70 years ago that we need to remind ourselves of. it is a miracle that we may also remember those happy days 20 years ago which brought us the fall of the berlin wall, the reunification of germany, and europeans unification.

for europe's request for freedom was only truly fulfilled once the iron curtain came down. . . they decided to become members of the european union and nato. indeed, it is truly a miracle, a great blessing that today we europeans may live in peace and freedom.

and there's hardly anything that better symbolizes the difference of 1939 than the close cooperation based on mutual trust between germany and polan and the many friendly relations between our countries. it is the underlying strength of european unification and germany's friendship with its neighbors that we decided to face up to history. in a recent declaration commemorating today's events, the chairman of the german polish bishops conference put it so appropriately and i quote, together do we need to look into the future. towardwhich we wish to go, without fortting the historic truth in all its aspects without ever belittling it, end of quote. to this day my country also remembers the fate of all those germans who lost their homes as a consequence of the war.

we invariably do so in exactly the spirit ascribed and we do it in the responsibility of germany which was there at the very beginning of war. that happened. we do it without ever thinking of rewriting anything that points to the everlasting responsibility of germany. this will never happen. and it is exactly in this spirit that i have come here today, 70 years later, to gdansk to this long-suffering now however beautifully restored city. mr. president, prime minister, i am deeply moved that you have invited me in my capacity as german chancellor to this ceremony and it's a relationship based on mutual trust and a true friendship between our countries

between the people of germany and poland and for this i am truly grateful to you. [applause] [applause] [saking in native tongue] >> translator: i would like to ask prime minister of the russian federation, mr. vladimir putin. ♪ [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: mr. prime minister, distinguished ladies and gentlemen, colleagues, friends, we represent different countries who have gathered here today in gdansk where the first bloody and violent and dangerous

war in the history of human kind took place. we have gathered to pay tribute to the exploit of the winners and also to bend our heads before the memory of dozens of millions of the perished soldiers and officers of the anti-hitler coalition, partisans,nd militants of resistance, innocent inhabitants, women, kids, aged persons who died under the bombs and at the hands of dictators in concentration camps. people of various confessions and nationalities, political creeds and views. people w are not spared by this catastrophe. the victor in the fight against nazism has been achieved with a humongous price. indeed, inrepairable sacrice

only for liberation nf gdansk. over 53,000 soldiers and officers of the red army gave their life. 600,000 of my compatriots are buried in the polish land and they brought closer the representatives and of the 50 million of the people perished during the second world war, over half -- over half of them were citizens of the ussr. just think about this humongous figures. our mal duty, the duty of all peoples, to dearly cherish the memory of the eternal meaning of the great value of real alliance and dramatic events now history. recalling the first day of the war, we naturally should reflect

on what prompted the world -- what the political coordinates is fraught with the idea of appeasing the potential aggressor attempt to secure one's security at the account of the security of other neighbors, primarily? the back door intrigues, plots, the second world war started not at once. its roots, and i agree with the speakers who mentioned this, with the deficient legacy of the versailles treaty, which not only registered the defeat but also a national humility of germany in this wake of the world war i which were used by nazis coming to office in the mid-'30s. it's worthwhile mentioning the fact that to ensure a rival

system of europe then was not possible. while analyzing dramatic events on the verge of the world war ii, we must exert the right lesson. to do that we need to forsake political stereotypes of the past stigmas or distortions of history or keeping silent regarding certain effects. it's important to understand then cooperation and while talking about world war ii, nazis and their accomplishments, no matter what motivation might be found for such cooperation, will result in tragedy. basically, this is not at all a cooperation but a plot with a view to addressing one's problems on account to the others. one must attempt all the attempts made since 1934 till 1939 to appease nazis concluding

various agreements and pacts with them were from the moral point of view, unacceptable. and from the practical perspective, political perspective, senseless, harmful and dangerous. and the combination of all these acts brought about this tragic -- the beginning of the world war ii and naturally we need to admit such mistakes. our country has done so. the state russian parliament has condemned the pact and we are in the right to expect that in other countries, too, which made a deal with the nazis, should do the same and not only at the level of the political statement of the leaders but at the level of the political decisions to be adopted. naturally, we need to think

about the victims. without deep understanding all that considered, it will not be possible for us to build a really secured world to eradicate the cold war and the artificially dividing lines, my country not only admits the errors and tragedies and problems of the past but makes a practical contribution in building the world in new world on the new principles thanks to the position of my country has been possible to remove virtual and real berlin wall and to set up prerequisite guesseses -- prerequisites to build a new europe. we need to cure the site of the malaise of the race hatred, mutual distrust built on the cynical distortion or falsification of history. the modern civilized policy

should be based on common moral and universal legal principles and only in this matter we can overcome the tragic page of the history of world war ii for the sake of the memory f the perished and for the future of our children. the example of how we can treat such wounds of the past and i'm sure it can be served at the basis of the partner relation between russia and germany, new russia which has been built over the recent years. and making peace and generosity of our people who are above historic scoring and settlement of those score and we sincerely want the russia/poland relationship should also be freed from the excesses of the past and should be built on the new relations and cooperation. that is worthy of these two great nations.

i want to name the main participants of the ceremony. they are the main participants. these are the comrades in war who defended stalingrad and disemparke italy and liberated, russia and prague. it will always be kept in our hearts. it will be a genuine benchmark of the courage, noblity and honor. thank you for your kind attention. [applause] [applause] [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: now i would like to invite prime minister of the french republic mr. francois fionne.

[speaking in native tongue] >> translator: mr. president, mr. prime minister, and ladies and gentlemen, europe's strength lies in its memory, its culture and moral unity, it's history forged by so many ordeals and when second world war started on the first=eñ of september, 1939 poland went through great sacrifice and pain. but it fought for the honor of europe as a whole. as it did again in 1980 under the banner of solidarity. deep emotion brings us together here today. a complex emotion made up of

grief, pride, remorse, admiration and help. it reflects the changing destiny of a continent driven by war and then by peace, divided and then united. the peninsula was where the first cries were heard in the terrible conflict tha would become the bloodiest known to mankind. the 200 polish soldiers of westerplatte responded to the a shouting of an enemy battleship and which our country upheld through the cruelty of war and the har incredibleness of authoritarianism through the centuries. from the very first hour of the

war and it proved more lasting than the concrete of block houses. a few weeks later the polish army was defeated. nine months later, general de gaulle saw france overrun by the enemies' mechanical force striking on land and from the air. in this bloodbath history revive the old age solidarity between france and poland. our two countries have always fought side-by-side for their freedom and for that of europe. on the 20th of december, 1939, the polish government in exile, set up its headquarters in france and where general --nd they raised a free polish army of more than 80,000 men before the french defeat in june, 1940, forced him to move to england.

the polish government in exile arrived in london in the english capital on the 18th of june, 1940, the very same day when general de gaulle broadcasting on radio london declared no matter what happens, the flame of french resistance must not be extinguish and it will not be extinguish. for six years, our two countries, the freedom-loving men and women of our countries fought against barbarity, and put their lives on t line. [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: pole legal issue volunteers risked their lives monte casino which fell in may

of 1944. the general's first armored division took part in heroic fighting on the coast of normandy and i would like to have a heartfelt homage to the men and women who risked everything in the home army in the resistance and in the churches and in clandestine universities. i am thinking of those who overcame indescribable despair who took part in the warsaw ghetto uprising. i am thinking of the heroes of the jewish community and the righteous among the nations and

those who founded the jewish combat organization with his comrades 66 years ago and irina sandler who saved 4,000 jewish children and a 17-year-old catholic student who became the main interpreter of the country's moral and intellectual imperatives. we shall not forget the light their actions shed in a time of darkness. ande would like to talk of the future under their auspices of today. the peace has been noted by the most prominent minds of the past centuries and is now embodied in your european institutions. after the war, a renewed germany played a major role in creating these institutions.

and russia, which has now has been transformed is in dialog with them. the foundation of this european union is a shared political determination. it's beliefs are unchanging values the foremost of which are respect for national sovereignty, human dignity and alignable individual rights and the absolute rejection of any discrimination based on race, gender, origin or belief. for centuries, gdansk, as part of the league, symbolized everything that could be part through cooperation and conduct between peoples with the enthusiasm generated and the

spiritual lech walenska. this is where the inner myself convictions that enable us to live and work together were born. today we find ourselves not on the outskirts of europe but at its heart i a major european country and the election of the president of the european parliament has crowned the exemplary ground in europe. we face international shared challenges together such as the economic crisis, global warming, promoting the technologies of the future, health security, energy, security, the fight against terrorism;an and controf

migratory flows. the european union can meet these challenges if they have implement the will of solutions. i know how ambition -- a contribution that poland can make, with its memories of wars and suffering, poland should become with our support and friendship a place where the future is invented. in the very heart of gdansk, across from the old ducts, there is a vacant piece of land where poland can create and build. this means, ladies and gentlemen, that the tragedy that started on this very spot 70 years ago shall not only find its end. it shall also find its answer. [applause]

[speaking in native tongue] >> translator: we now invite the prime minister to speak. ♪(cç [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: dear, mr. president, dear prime minister, dear president of the european parliament, your excellencies, ladies and gentlemen, we meet today at a place of battle but also a place of liberty. 70 years ago polish men and women defended here at westerplatte their nation and their country. from here darkness fell across

europe. free nations found themselves in slavery. ukrainians, jews, poles, russians, the french, bella russians and many other nations cried out from the concentration camps. holocaust was gaining strength. llions prayed for liberation from despair. over 7 million ukrainians joined the war. every second of them never came back home. every second of tse who survived remained wounded d disabled. all in all, at the concentration camps and in mass punitive actions, almost 10 million of my people died. na

represented here today, we have paid an extremely hig price but we have been able to overcome, not only to overcome it, we have won. you can cle your eyes to reality, but you cannot close your eyes to memories, so it is bright and proper that we meet here where europe's enslavement bega and where two decades ago its liberation, complete liberation took place. few of those who survived the battles for poland are with us today but the memory of their courage lives on in all of us. as well as the memory about all those who perished at those fronts. but today many of their sons and daughters of poland,i! the mend

women who completed their struggle, they are with us here today.ip.ñ and their courage is also our inspiration. today in their memory we're markingf not so much the beginning of war but rather the triumph of liberty. we reaffirm the unity ofhe people who fought a war who came to join hands inn unbreakable bond of peace with those who were once at the other side of the front. it's only this unity that can make us invincible. today this unity continues to keep us free. our history, since those dark days has shown that countries define themselves by the choices they make. those who endure the bitterness of occupation and defeat could be filled with resentment, with

hatred and with desire for revenge. in the years after 1945, all of europe could have moved in that direction of recrimination and rage and escalation of tension but europe started looking for a new solidarity and a handful of nations did in forging the european union out of the ruins of war. we all must, as they did, make a bold effort to understand and comprehend one another to replace violence and suspicion with compassion and a sense of our shared destiny. a favorite poet of mine once wrote, even in our sleep pain which cannot forget falls drop by drop upon the harsh until our own despair against our will comes wisdom through the grace

of god. 70 years of painful memories and bitter experience have brought us drop by drop the wisdom to know that what we need is europe in the world is not division. what we need is not hatred. it's not violence and lawlessness but rather gdnerosity and wisdom and compassion toward one another. and a feeling of justice toward those who suffer so as we remember those who sacrificed their life's liberty, i ask that we pray for the understanding and compassion of which i just spoke. the victories over tyranny did not mark the end of hate. they did not bring an end of lawlessness. gdansk, poland, are part o a free and united europe. this is what you poles have

chosen. this is what you chose to make of them. let them ask you as i close to ask all of us to look beyond the worries of today, to the hopes of tomorrow, beyond the freedoms that you now enjoy, to the advance of freedom everywhere, beyond memories to the day when all of europe and all of the world will be united in peace and justice. our challenge today as the recently departed us is a healing the will. as we celebrate the triumph of freedom and what the ancient greeks wrote at the dawn of europe, to tame the savagery of man and make gentle the life of this world.

now i bow to all of those who gave their life away to fight for this peace for all of us. thank you all for me and my country, this is a great honor to be with you on this sacred day. [applause] [applause] [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: and now i invite the prime minister of kingdom of sweden. ♪