downgraded so hence the grand army republic was put in its place. .. now by the way comes out of three of the four words come out of the bible from st. paul's letter to the corinthians.

the fountain here was placed here in 1882 by a california dentist named henry carswell. he had made his fortune in the gold rush and was part of the whole abstinence movement. and he made enough money that he financed the heat of these statues around the country. only a handful of them survived including here in washington d.c. and also in new york city. if you look at the statue itself, of course it's loaded with symbolism here. mostly symbolizing water. so you see the two dolphins in the middle which are pretty ugly. one came out of their mouths and this is an actual drinking fountain. there was a broad cop. the two cranes on top of the fountain, which of course those are waterbirds. and when it was her upper corner of pennsylvania avenue 100 feet south of us now, it looked across from this very bad neighborhood. so symbolically what the fountain said western water instead of whiskey because

whiskey drinking was very prevalent at the time in 1882. >> were do we go from here? >> were going to go hear a pin to chinatown to the smithsonian art museum which is where abraham lincoln had his second non-euro ball in 1865 and will talk about abraham lincoln and his new untempered fire. at the smithsonian american art museum and the portrait art gallery so it's to museums and one. it was renovated asters six your renovation, cost a lot more money than i thought that they did a spectacular job. it's used to be the old patent office. >> now we are inside the tram. >> this is the robert and arlene courtyard in november 2007 and this was designed by norman foster and looks at a giant wave. washington d.c. is very fortunate to have disappeared this is very modern architecture and we almost didn't get it. they finally approved it and

hence we have a spectacular ceiling here. so i was bring the audience for the temperance to her here into the museum to see this. it's usually kind of jaw-dropping. and the reason i brought you here into the smithsonian american art museum here today was to point out that abraham lincoln had a second and not your ball here in this building. at the very top lawyer, he was one of the largest public spaces in washington d.c. and that way they could get more than a thousand people into a room. at the ball itself, they charge $10 per person for an all-you-can-eat buffet, which is more like a thousand dollars compared to today. so a lot of money these people had spent in a virtual riot broke out once the audience was let into the room they basically stormed the tables and were grabbing oysters and hams and turkeys and so on. so this is washington high

society 1965. >> was there any drinking involved? >> i'm sure they're western good thoughts. prohibition actually went into effect in d.c. in 1916. but there was always drinking involved here in washington d.c. >> and you said earlier that abraham lincoln was a pond and of temperance? >> key west. in fact, lincoln didn't drink. that's like the big issue that he thought for all his wife was slavery, abolitionism. but he himself chose to be a temperance minded% more out of personal conviction as opposed to a demonic deville. so for example, he told a group year that was once called the washingtonian society, alcoholics anonymous here and he told the group and not a temperance man but i don't drink. so again, it was kind of a personal decision for him not to drink alcohol, but not necessarily to lower that over other people or make them feel

bad because they chose to drink whereas he didn't. there's another interesting possibly apocryphal story of lincoln dealing with ulysses s. green two is the general who won the civil war. grant was a known drinker. when he did not drink. one of his aides came to complain that grant was job, yes winning battles. so is supposedly what lincoln said here about grant was find out the name of the brand of whiskey so i can give it to my other generals. and then finally here, lincoln on the idea of moderation or they'll call and i think was really interesting here to see his own personal views. this is someone who doesn't drink, lincoln. he says that it did not come from the use of a bad thing, but from the abuse of a good thing. so it's really interesting, that person who has an abstinence, a person who abstained, would be that alcohol could have a good purpose in someone's life.

>> i do want to put you on the spot, but would she say that lincoln as a 19th century president when usable and that he didn't drink? >> i'd say so, yes. the next really big temperance minded president we came to was rutherford b. hayes and his wife was known as lemonade lucy. there is a portrait of her and we always joke that it was the lemonade lucy portraits. chances are that lemonade beef served at white house functions as opposed to beer or anything else. >> so your tour stops here? where do you go next? >> we go one block away to calvary baptist church where they had their first national convention in 1980. >> what is prohibition and how did we get it? >> it started junior 16, 1920, was the 18th amendment was

ratified. but is actually part of a century long movement to ban alcohol in this country. that movement was called the temperance movement. the idea behind there initially was to moderate one's drinking, but at the 18 twenties, the movement decided that people had to abstain completely from alcohol. this was actually led by the indian jellicle in the 18 teams and made the lead that alcohol was sinful, wrong. they called it the men from, you know, they associated alcohol with the devil. and therefore everyone had to stop drinking altogether. this movement lasted a century long and their idea was to sober up american society and eventually end up with a decent middle class largely white-based protestant american society. and ultimately they got their way in prohibition itself, which was a constitutional 18th amendment to ban alcohol in america and that went to effect in 1920.

prohibition itself lasted less than 14 years because of extreme civil disobedience, the law of the land. and a lot of violence here from organized crime. and i think extreme indifference here from the american public. i didn't really realize what they had gotten into here i signing up for prohibition. if i was was just something useful to have and then realized pretty quickly that in fact the country has always been a drinking nation filemon of the ways the temperance movement was naïve. that simply people would disobey the law and not drink. >> in your book you indicate that world war i had something to do with it. >> it did, yes. it is fascinating how the got the amendment through congress. the afl or anti-saloon league has been gotten forgotten about. from 1893 to 1918. when the united states went to war in germany in 1917, the

largest ethnic group in the country at that time were germans and guess who also were their burgers? the germans. so, you had a whole ethnic group whose rights are basically pushed aside. suddenly there was this huge anti-german hysteria in the country and drinking beer, which is what most americans drink at that point suddenly looked literally on the asiatic area to the afl at that point. people thought we needed this year for the war and hence and went on to the states about people really even thinking about it very much. congress voted on a very quickly when i'm the states and all but two of the states ratified 18th amendment. the states were rhode island and connecticut. both states had very heavy catholic population, therefore, realize that prohibition was targeted at them because the temperance movement have a very strong nativist provident sentiments behind it. >> our next stop year is the striking brick church, calvary baptist church. >> the church itself was

designed. starting the period of the civil war all the way to the late 1880's. he was a german immigrant and was known as the red architect. he was both for the red polycom use. and also they were all that bright red. the other reason he was known as the red architect was because he was good friends with karl marx, the guide who wrote the manifesto. he was hired in 1866 to build this church. there was a church built here for years before coming during the civil war and the burned-out and then the church then hired him to build this new church. and this was a very edge of town and now it's right in downtown washington d.c. this is in chinatown. we're here at calvary baptist church because of a really important events that happened here in the temperance movement. added in 1895 and not with the anti-saloon league had its first national convention here in this

building. anti-saloon was only formed two years earlier by a congregational administekn howa. auntie recruited a college senior named wayne wheeler. wheeler became the asl's general counsel. i like to call in the karl rove of his day. he's the guy who invented pressure politics, so how the asl is going to squeeze these different politicians to force them to vote dry as opposed to voting wet. so, they met here in this building in 1895 and began to craft a national strategy of how the asl was going to turn the country dry. one of the things that they decided they were going to do was to go after the states first. and by the states they got the states to allow local option laws, was there was a local auction in place the church allies of the asl, the evangelical protestant could use their political influence and force the county to go dry.

and hence, you see that especially across the deep south tilt to this day in parts of the midw dry counties because of the strong emphasis or influence they should say on the southern baptist convention. once enough states had voted to put some kind of dried law in place, that would then force the congressman from that state to go dry, even if they were wiped in their personal life come to senators and honest men would go dry. so they had some kind of prohibition on the books here in washington d.c. we have prohibition in 1917 before we even got to world war i the city was already essentially dry. never actually wes, but legally it was dry. so the idea of gosh should we change the constitution to ban all call didn't seem so far-fetched. the majority were dry and therefore it seems to be the political will of the country that we should dry out the country entirely.

again, the asl used the occasion of world war i once the germans had -- once we declared war in germany and they were the ethnic majority and turn minority and also the poorest that led to the 18th asl to propose the 18th amendment. some of the interesting things here about the temperance movement itself, it was really an evangelical white protestants movement. this was a initiative to get the country to dry up. and this is the time in american history especially 1890's. the society can be reformed. and actually a lot of good things came out of this era. women got to vote. we got our food glass. we got the income tax -- while i do not that's a good thing or not. we'll all have to decide on a room. we also have prohibition. that backfired horrendously against the temperance movement itself. but this was coming out, nearly

a three decade movement where we can have a socially pure society. this is for the benefit of all americans here to clean things up. at the same time, of course, because it was so protestant led a really violated a lot of the rights of ethnic minorities. and remember starting with the irish in the 1840's there was this great wave of catholics who came into this country and have the germans who came in this country were catholic. a menu of the italians and a huge wave of from eastern europe and so on. and these people act differently and proper drinking habits with them. in a lot of cases that violated but the temperance movement.what he meant to be a good american. in this country here we don't drink. we're middle class, proper peace and people into catholics need to behave. so a lot of cases your temperance was really targeted at the catholics to try to reform their ways. prohibition actually went into effect a year after the 18th amendment was passed. and so, and went into effect

january 16, 1920, so 90 years ago. on the eve of prohibition, all the drives in the country had one last chance to buy alcohol. and the majority of state that point. down in northville, virginia, there was a mock funeral for john barleycorn led by a man named billy sunday was an evangelist and these false start and is not funeral he preached the eulogy. in his eulogy he said goodbye john, you were god's worst enemy and the devil's best friend. farewell. i hate you with a perfect hate and by the grace of god i love to hate you. [inaudible] >> and of course prohibition

went into effect the next morning that things turned out quite differently than the temperance had expected. >> john barleycorn -- the >> was an old nickname for alcohol also known as demon rum. >> so when you're doing your tour, when you're done with the calvary baptist church, what's next? the >> would jump on the subway and go to kalorama where we see the woodrow wilson house and he was the president when prohibition went into effect in a team 20. >> we rode the subway across the city to dupont circle and now were here at the woodrow wilson house. and why do you bring your tour here? >> woodrow wilson was the president when prohibition went into effect in 1920. he's also, by the way, he left the white house in 1921, so a year later. he is the only president to actually retire to washington d.c. every other president has let the city. wilson stayed here. and that makes him unique among all the presidents we've had in

this country. his wife actually bought this house for him. his second wife i should say was edith g-golf. she was married -- she was a widow formerly married to a jeweler and she had some money. she married wilson in 1915, which isr this house was built and is a state-of-the-art house for time. so have electricity, an elevator, and so on. a key reason why edith bought this house here, really for her husband was that in the days of his presidency had a massive stroke here during that time he was trying to sell the treaty of her side to the country that he was out on a big road to her trying to get the country to throw its weight behind the treaty of verse i and ultimately the senate voted that down because of the nations. during that time he suffered a massive stroke and for about nine months he was incapacitated and his wife edith de facto

became the president during that time because she limited the access to her president. anyone who wanted to see the president had to go through her doctor, his doctor or through her. and so she really limited the president access here to other people while he recovered. he actually never recovered from the stroke. he left the white house in march of 1921 and warren harding came in and he only lived here in the house for about three years. he died here in january 1924. interesting story here, wilson was the president when prohibition went into effect. there was a prohibition enforcement law called the bulls did act named after and are most at a minnesota congressman and wayne wheeler from the asl broke the fact. the act itself was to enforce prohibition itself. and it declared anything above .5% alcohol to be intoxicating. and so, any kind of beer was

considered to be intoxicating. wilson wanted to allow beer and wine still to be available for the public. the anti-saloon league wanted anything with alcohol to be illegal. wilson vetoed the act of congress overrode him have to go to interpretation of prohibition. and when prohibition went into effect in 1920, yeah, anything with more than .5% alcohol was considered to be intoxicating. so therefore, illegal to manufacture, sell, or transported. because transporting alcohol was now illegal, there's interesting side stories you're dealing with wilson. wilson was still in the white house, right, but he had a small wine collection in the white house, which he did not want to leave behind for warren harding. warren harding was the republican successor. he was the most corrupt president in american history. so wilson had to go to congress to get special dispensation.

a special act had to be passed to allow one person on one particular day to go to the white house and transport wilson's wine collection from the white house to this location here. the one person was allowed to do that enough how wilson got his wine collection out of the white house and early 1921. it's really fascinating actually to see the wine cellar. exactly right behind me and below me. so about 20 feet right behind me. he's got all these old bottles from the prohibition air a period a few bottles there from 1928, champagne bottles. he does have good relationships with the french embassy which is close by. and of course the embassy can import alcohol for their use and hence he was able to get some alcohol under the table. so there are some bottles there from 1928 when prohibition was still the law of the land. so again, that's why we bring the two are here to the temperance tour to the woodrow

wilson house. >> and when you're done here at the wilson house, then where do you go? >> we actually go over to the spanish steps for the final little talk there about prohibition came undone and talk about the legacy of prohibition this is the final stop here. this is where i talk about how prohibition came undone for nearly 14 years. i'm still kind of flabbergasted by the fact that an american history we change the constitution not once, but twice to deal with alcohol. one time to panic and one-time to make it legal again. all in the space of 14 years. pretty remarkable. you think gosh, how did this happen? how did we get to the point where we we got alcohol with was so simple, so wrong that we had to change the constitution and then fast-forward to where we are today where two thirds of a strict alcohol. that's ultimately was essential question behind "the prohibition hangover" and why i decided to write the book here at prohibition itself went into

effect on january 16, 1920, in the country initially took a wait-and-see attitude towards the law of the land. a lot of people had stockpiled alcohol, you know, in some cases enough to last them through the entire draggers. but pretty soon, within a year or two people started to realize is because they cut off the supply doesn't mean you can still find alcohol. in fact, i largely look at this is kind of an economic question. it's like, supply and demand, right, okay, the idea behind the anti-saloon he was to shut down the liquor traffic as they call it. and they force in the country to go dry, meaning shutdown of the land and all the alcohol companies, then people just naturally dry out. it didn't work out that way. there was still demand to drink. it was definitely part of our culture to drink. and there was also of course all these ethnic minorities, the germans, the jews, the catholics, that pushed aside to get prohibition to pass.

i came back with a vengeance. these people decided, you know what, this law is targeted at best and we're not going to obey it. so the country within just a couple years started to go sour on the idea of prohibition. when the most interesting things i found during my research was written in 1922 and i was kind of stunned when i read this. in fact, if i could read one quick brief quote. there's a couple big novels that come out of the 1920's. one obviously is "the great gatsby" and everyone has read that. the others by sinclair lewis and it's called babbage. i found this quote in there. this was written in 1922 only two years into prohibition and lewis is encapsulated by prohibition is going to fail in one quote. so kind as setting it up, babbitt is the hero of the story is on the train with five or six men and their sharing a bottle of gin, the legion. one guy brought up a bottle of gin tells the other men, i don't know how you fellas feel about

prohibition, but the way it strikes me is that it's a mighty beneficial thing for the poor dog who doesn't have any willpower. but for fellas like that, it's an infringement of personal liberty. you see right there why prohibition is going to fail, right? as soon as everyone else has prohibition is for that other person to obey, but me? i still like to have my cocktail and i'm not giving it up. right there is going to fail, right. the culture is not behind it. that becomes the big problem right there. by the mid-1920's people are disobeying the law left and right. there is so much money to be made during prohibition because there's a big market filled to drink. and the progressive cause that it pushed prohibition that comes up in the 1920's said we just want to have some fun. in the 1920's as a remarkable period. this is the first revolution of its time. this is the heir of sigmund freud and of what is going to see their strength. women have to vote now. by the way, prohibition when

effect the same way that women get to vote and that did not happen -- that was not a coincidence. the next generation of women come up and they say women didn't drink before prohibition. now that it's illegal for everyone to drink, guess what? women are going to speakeasy just as much as men are. it's a remarkable transition just as much in the 1920's that all these people decide on a wholesale basis were going to disobey the law of the land. alcohol is illegal now. we're going to do it anyways. screw whatever the law says. so the lawbreaking became mixed lewdly endemic. that became a huge problem particularly in the 1920's when it got further along as bootleggers, not always the most scrupulous bootleggers were starting to use denatured alcohol, which poisoned thousands of people, hundreds of thousands of people. and you also have organized crime taken of the cities. that became a huge problem. imagine a city like new york city, which was, you know, something it's ungovernable.

it was also unenforceable for prohibition. much of the police force were irish or catholic. they were more than willing to take a bribe to look the other way. so in 1923, new york said we can't enforce prohibition, so they repealed their own statewide prohibition enforcement block and the governor at the time, al smith, became the de facto leader of the west. he then of course was also catholic by the way. he got trounced against herbert hoover in 1928 in part because he ran as an open catholic against herbert hoover. and that was the last big time i think that the country really saw the anti-catholic bigotry in the country of the 1928 election. as i mentioned before, you had organized crime taken over the cities. chicago is the best example. you know, you think of al capone operably the most famous gangster in world history. you know, he made his fortune bootlegging alcohol. bringing in and from canada and other places. and of course, it is increasingly turning to

violence. everybody has heard of saint valentine's day massacre from figure 14, 1929. and i was on the front page of every newspaper in the country. so people at that point really realizing how violent prohibition was becoming. but to actually get the constitution changed back seemed like nearly an impossible thing until october of 1929. and of course on that month, the stock market collapsed. and with the advent of the great depression, the country went through political change very similar to what happened in 2006 and 2008. if your member from the 1920's, the twenties going to the republican party, just like the earlier part of this decade as well. so all three presidencies were republicans in both houses of congress were controlled by the republicans. prohibition passed as a bipartisan measure and yet the republicans got blamed for it because they were the party that had to enforce it.

with the advent of the great depression, of course, the country had a seismic political shift again just like 2006 in 2008 for the country just shifted completely over from the republicans to the democrats. a whole base is just like today the democrats now control congress, both houses, and the presidency. the same thing happened in 1930 and 1932. and so, the democrats ran on a platform of repeal in 1933. meaning we're going to and it's a noble experiment that this thing here is come to an end. the country doesn't want anymore. when prohibition began an estimated quarter million jobs were lost goodwill suddenly have a quarter million jobs during the great depression looked pretty good because they were in desperate need of jobs. the economy in 1933 concocted by a third. compared to the great recession of today that we've lived through in alaska beers is nothing compared to the great depression. the country lay desperately needed those jobs back.

and so the democrats ran on a platform of repeal. in the first state to vote for prohibition, the 21st amendment, was in michigan in march of 1923. it only took nine months for the final state to vote. and on december 5th, 1933, was the state of utah, of all states, utah. and on that day, prohibition came to an end. ♪ >> the 30 to six states is happiness for the united states and for many others throughout the land. with an i on december 5, thousands are being called back to work and lives of allied industry. at least 500,000 new jobs or predict dead as a result of a repeal. perhaps the most is the allied line immediate benefits from repeal expanded to almost every

line of business and commerce. however, every once now waiting until december 15. the lid is off in many places with the downfall of prohibition being celebrated in a real old-time. yes, and by the renewal of old acquaintance, nightclubs report a real prewar spirit among those wheel workers. there will be no more scenes such as this. their laughter bill of prize with youth destroyed by government agents. it's going to be a cold winter for the barrel busters. news ♪ >> alright, so i started "the prohibition hangover" right around christmas 2003, back when i took a bottle of wine to my grandmother's place in scottsdale, arizona. and i come from a methodist family and my grandmother did not have the most positive response to this bottle of wine.

in fact, she got a little bit snooty about the fact that i bought a nice bottle of 1997 burgundy. there were three of us at the table. my grandmother, my mom, and myself. so three generations and at that point the lightbulb went off and i saw what happened here? i drink, my mom is a social drinker, both of us like wine. my grandmother was a no-fly, no, i don't drink. you should know that. it was like, what happened here? why wasn't this generation value not passed on to my mom and myself? into that point, i was like i need to explore this question. that was like the genesis moment for the epiphany moment for the prohibition hangover. and if they got into my research, i started looking at what happened to americans and alcohol after repeal. again, how do we get from this country were we change the constitution not once, but twice and alcohol carried a very heavy stigma, especially for people like my grandmother's generation who were born and raised with

alcohol being demon rum and you fast-forward to today were two thirds of us now drink. and the stigma is largely gone except in some parts -- isolated parts of the country. so really to look at the fundamental question of what happened after repeal likes what hasn't after these last 75, 70 sixers with their drinking habits and how it became in this nation again where we fundamentally except alcohol as just part of our social condition here today, where again most of a string. one of the key things i looked at, if i can show you a book quite. one of the key point i started off with in my research was this book right here. this is called the alcoholic republic. he is a professor at the university of washington and this book was written in 1979. that was the last major book

written about americans and alcohol. in this book year he told a story for the temperance movement came from. so it's largely looking not a 19th century drinking habits of americans. and he really laid out the case of where this evangelical protestant movement came from and that's been under the great whiskey binge and the church-based response of gosh what should i do about this problem all these people drinking themselves to death? this is kind of the grandfather of american alcohol social history. and my book of course takes it's really starting point with the end of prohibition, the first ideals of prohibition itself. it largely looks at what happened afterwards, what happened over these last three of four generations, 76 years now since prohibition ended to see how far we've come as a drinking nation. so i actually organized the book thematically to look at how the beer culture has emerged here, largely through craft beer.

and looking assault craft wine and craft pillories as well. i look at the contentious issue over the drinking age. you know, we change the drinking age from 18 of 221 back in 1984. and there's been a big national debate about this going on here right now about gosh, you can go off to war at age 18 or get married or get a well or serve on a jury or inherent property or get divorced or via or buy cigarettes. but you can't buy alcohol. what is up with that? why not until 21? zero every right as an adult at age 18 and this one right is still not given to you until you're 21. why is that? the last chapter of the book deals with that question. it also looks at some of the more modern questions about drinking both in the public health side. there's some people know locally as the neo- prohibition is because they want to put them restrictions on alcohol like drinking and driving and so on.

and the advertising question of been going on, is a pretty fundamental question. since the end of pressure but from the beginning. and yet that debate continues to this day. and so, it's kind of a tug-of-war really between the alcoholic beverage industry to try to put some are thoughtful practice and placed in the public health advocates who want to stop advertising altogether. >> where do you think this is going in the country if you take a look at just the drinking age tom is there any movement in congress for approaching that law? >> with the congress, no. or for some people it largely a question they don't want to deal with. but it's certainly a state issue. and there's a number of states who wants in fact to shift the drinking age back down to 18. south dakota for example has been a big leader in this. there's also a movement underfoot by a group of college

presidents. i think 135 college president signed a document called the aim of this initiative about the drinking age itself, just recognizing the colleges themselves aren't the frontline particularly for binge drinking. well we in fact have saved quite a number of young people's lives by shifting the drinking age back to 21. in the first place we did it for drinking age on turn and driving. in particular, for distilled spirits. there is this whole prohibition culture going on now on college campuses and that's really troubling. the fact that you have the students who are effectively drinking themselves to death now. because again, there's a social taboo against drinking. and yet, alcohol is easy to get in that kind of the fundamental part of it. and so there's this culture of gosh i don't know when i'm going

to get my next drink so therefore i will drink to oblivion. so there's not a responsible drinking culture established on college campuses. another big fundamental problem in american society. we don't raise argues like the french do what the germans do or the italians do. they teach their kids at a very early age how to drink moderately, responsibly, largely how to drink at the dinner table. so for them, for those cultures alcohol is something that goes along with a meal. and so hence you don't see nearly the instances of binge drinking in many european countries like you see here in the united states. >> is the drinking age is 21 all across the united states, is that a federal law? >> is actually a state law. the state controlled the drinking age. and that's largely thanks to the 21st amendment. the 21st amendment was repealed prohibition gave state control over alcohol importation so the drinking age is a state issue. that said though, the way we got

the drinking age to where it is today back in 1984 mothers against drunk driving lobbied very heavily to change the age from 18 to force the state to raise their drunken age of 221. the way they did that is they got congress to threaten to withhold 10% of their matching federal highway funds. and if they didn't do it lose those highway funds. and so within a couple years, every state in the district of columbia also to the drinking age at 221. because effectively they were held fiscally hostage. and every state shifted age to 21. >> to end of this program if someone buys your book, reads it, what do you hope they take away from its? >> i think you have a good understanding of how important alcohol is to a culture. if you realize alcohol was there from the very beginning from the first settlers in jamestown, who wanted to not grow tobacco but

rather grow grapes or they could challenge the french monopoly in bordeaux. or the pilgrims who the first place they landed with the provincetown at the tip of cape cod and dug a well to get water so they could brew beer. these were puritans, by the way, more for family blames the puritans for prohibition and yet they drink, you know. so alcohol has been a fundamental part of american culture really since the beginning of the colonies into one. so the idea that the temperance movement could force the country to go dry and that americans wouldn't drink i think was simply naïve. it simply just a way of how we live our lives today. and ultimately, and certainly social drinker, i collect wind and i liked good gin and whiskey and so on. and i think as americans age, and american certainly moderate their drinking habits. i think ultimately the more we can realize okay alcohol can cause harm, but it can also be a good thing to people's lives. it's been hell to socialize better. he does have some help on offense, particularly to your

cardiovascular system. and people can take the good things out of alcohol and in fact does have a good benefit here to our lives and that's really what i want people to realize that alcohol can in fact be a positive or be a benefiting to our lives here in america. ♪ beer, sparkling, golden, pure, refreshing. a beverage as old as history. the anglo-saxon are accredited with the development of many brewing formulas. the improved brews were well established as fine beverages high in food value by the time the pilgrims set out for america. later taverns and inns became the meeting places of menu helps make american history as they enjoy their favorite brews. yes, to find beer will be enjoy today are beverages with the heritage which is non-anglo, yet

they are as modern as today. in today's brewery laboratories knowledge passed down through the centuries is combined with modern chemistry of food to produce beverages that would've been the envy of the kings and emperors of old. from the laboratory, to the tanks, were the finest of american altered grains are fermented. a bureau today is brewed under spotlessly claimed conditions. to staff these breweries it requires daily 100,000 employees earning $350 million a year. american farms supply most of the ingredients required were brewing. barley, wheat, corn, rice, hops, and soybeans. thousands of tons of it. to be more specific comment every year the farmers of america sell the breweries more than 1 billion pounds of farm products worth $250 million.

from these fine gold and green, the breweries produce over a billion gallons of immaculately pure beer and ale in barrels, camp, and bottles. to suit every taste and personal preference here it taxes on beer and ale provides $850 million figure to state and federal governments. this is in addition to the property and income taxes paid by the brewers, dear distributors, retailers, and their respective employees. the brewing industry is proud of its contributions to america and find malt beverages, employment, from material purchases, byproduct vomit and taxes. the beer promotion film you just saw was created in 1952 for the united states brewers foundation. the entire film is part of the praline are archived and can be watched online at archive.org. you can learn more about said

to's book at prohibition hangover.com. >> now my move back to iran coincided with the change in my own life. and as you might suspect, given the title of my book i met someone who would later become my has-been. and when i moved back so that we could start our life together and go forward i began to experience into first-hand witness all the strings that are rainy and young people were dealing with when it came to marriage and moving on in life beyond simply being single and young. and this all started for me in the course of planning our wedding and there's a chapter in my book devoted to this and it's called the persian brides handbook. and to look up the world of weddings in iran. and of course i was being the woman, the one who was planning the wedding. and was quite astonished by the world i encountered in iran, the world of weddings and what a middle-class stream had become

to have an extravagant, beautiful, over-the-top, expensive wedding. being from california, i was very familiar with of course this culture of extravaganza when it comes to weddings. but i had suspected that i would also find it in iran, especially among the middle class who could certainly not afford these kinds of lavish spectacles. >> this was a portion of the booktv program. you can view the entire program and many other booktv programs online. go to booktv.org. type the name of the author or book into the search area in the upper left-hand corner of the page. select the watch link. now you can view the entire program. you might also explore the recently on booktv box or the featured video box to find recent and future