showed a 20-dollar bill, and the man said to her, but met them you can that leave america with $20. she said sir, do not worry, i have family here. the next day golda was speaking in chicago to the representative of the jewish federations of the united states, and her talk was one of the most moving talks that you can ever hear. she said to these people from america, is your right to live here in comfort. ..

to asking for money to night. we need to buy machine guns, bullets, we need to send the millions of dollars that will mean survival and she was so touching those people were not at the beginning very inclined to have the jews of palestine. there were more interested in helping the jews of america. were so touched people started to get up from the room and come

to the podium with a check with money with pledges they would pay so many hundreds of the lessons of dollars immediately and that might a telegram left chicago for prague skilling i have borrowed $3 million since you can borrow and then the next day she went to houston and the day after to san francisco to los angeles to myanmar and i asked her if one day she had a little more problems in his speech with people and she said yes one day and myanmar. it was an atmosphere of vacation, happiness and here i was going to speak about the young man of the jewish palestine fighting in the hills

of judea and i wanted to buy and over code for each one of them and get she was able to find the words that moved so much of the audience that that might in myanmar she collected over $5 million. her whole trip took about a month and she was able to collect a total over $50 million. every night these telegrams went to prague and then he told me he found a yellow sheet of paper of the telegram under his door every morning with the change and could run to the manufacturing of orman manufacturing our manufacturing and prague because he was unable to buy planes and tanks and win gold. are you satisfied with the grandeur of this woman? [laughter]

when it turned to tel aviv she was greeted on the air strip by david himself, and that they the creature, the founder of israel was that these very words that today they will tell stories of the birth of israel. they will have to say thanks to a woman that this burst took place. and for us it was touching to be with her and her kitchen when she was chain smoking and there was so much smoke in the kitchen we couldn't even take notes it was absolutely unbelievable and she was so happy to reminisce the days when she had been the instrument of the birth of israel. so after written on jerusalem -- and i could speak all night

about our meeting with david where he was paying with his food by trimming the animals every week. we spent four years in that part of the world which is beautiful but torn and i am told every day that peace is probably further than it has ever been. and then we packed for the east, for india because we wanted to write the great epic of the birth of one-fifth of humanity to independence, the birth of india to liberty, the birth of pakistan to liberty and the end of the british march. it was in 1947 this event took

place and for me it was a fantastic new research on the footsteps of a man i really little half naked man called gandhi who all his life had rallied his people without ever shooting one gone without exploding one bomb but always talking about love, about non-violence. it was an absolutely fantastic research walking in his footsteps to reconstruct the incredible things he had organized to bring the indian people to liberty like the days of the past where he would tell the people of india, more than 5 million people died a year of ponder he would tell them on wednesday we don't take food, the british must see we can

stand out or yet organized days of silence, 500 million people to stay home saying the british must hear our silence and that can of august, 1947 was the triumph of this liberal. india was, during its freedom. but in a sense it was also his tragedy because out of one country was going to be born to freedom to countries. hindu india and muslim pakistan. when gondhi all of his life preached to his people we are not hindus or muslims, we are not buddhists, we are not christians, we are all sons of our mother, india and 100 million of those was losing the body of the mother to create

this muslim nation of pakistan. and it was another four years of cold and research from north to south interviewing more than 3,000 people from all ranges of society from india a brand of people about whom people say that after them we are always going to be aboard from calcutta and the farmers of the most remote villages and when this book called freedom at midnight -- the story is interesting. why freedom at midnight? one word. it is because when he was asked one day in a press conference he was the last of india who had been sent by the british

government to try to extricate britain from india and give independence to india when he was asked when are you going to give independence to india he said on the 15th of august and he had forgotten to consult india you never do a meeting in india. you never cross a street without consulting and 15th of august was determined by the astrologist india as the worst possible day he can choose because the stars that might are absolutely rebellious to a great event like the independence of india but its naval who saved the situation he said okay we are going to proclaim the independence of india at 11 p.m. and 59 minutes on the 14th of

august and the 14th of august was okay with the astrologist. that's why india was born in the middle of the night and there is this beautiful speech when he says when the world will sleep in the well a week to freedom. and for us it has been a fantastic four years of research. and when the book was such a great success there were very few books about the history of india. as dan said i heard a voice that told me it is not enough to be a best-selling writer. you also have to be an actor to change may be a little bit of the injustices and the situation that you speak about in your book. and i said to my wife we are going to put $50,000 of my royalties in my pocket and we are going to go to calcutta to

see if we can find an institution working for the children. so we took a plane and as we are right in the big city of calcutta, which i knew and i knew then in calcutta i would have no difficulty finding an institution working for the people in the tragic circumstances we went to see mother teresa. mother teresa when we met her was in a dying home and heart of calcutta feeding a dying man with a bowl of soup and a spoon. so i walked behind her and suddenly she sensed that somebody was there so she turned around and gave me the bowl of soup. she gave me the spoon and said to me you continue to feed this man and you love him. and here i was for an hour doing

that. and then i was able to talk to mother teresa, and this is the second great woman i'm very happy to introduce to night in this lecture. i realize following her in the slums of that disaster city, seeing the wave of hope and love which release around her every time she was walking among these destitute children, this poor family i said to myself this is fantastic. we can all needy do that in a small way. but we can all be the instruments of a little bit of justice in this terrible world. and then i met mother teresa and we became extremely good friends. i did a film on her life and i asked her for an institution

which can use our $50,000 she said to me but this is god who sends you and she introduced us that same night to an english man called james stevens who used to be in london and he had created and funded a home for lampert children of the slums, and this man [inaudible] but had no more money for his home which he had called resurrection, and he was about to close an island of hope in the heart of the worst health. we were so impressed we gave him the $50,000 we made him an extravagant promises. we said to him james, you will never close your home. then we flew back to paris. i wrote a newspaper saying you know, if we are only 5,000 to send every year $300 for this home which saves lipper children

in the worst place on the face of this plan that, we can really do something extraordinary. we are living in the time of nuclear at the time of triumph on the sixth floor of a building without an elevator when we saw our concierge when morning comes saying i don't know what is happening. there is a postal van in front of the building with nine postal bags full of mail for you. what should we do? thank god my wife is from a family of eight sisters. so we were able to rally the sisters on our fifth floor without elevator to open this mail. there were 5,000 letters. there were stock exchange certificates. notes, banknotes with letters

saying tell mr. stevens never close his home. there was even scotch tape on a sheet of paper. to wedding rings with these words, we have won the gold for 40 years with the greatest happiness. now what will be more useful to your children in calcutta. please call myself a gold for them. do not thank us. and i was able to send the most beautiful children of my life to james stevens saying your home is safe forever. you can take 100 children more. we are coming to meet our family. and we flew back to calcutta, and this was 28 years ago. and in of those 28 years, i was able to write the story of one of the places where james

stevens picked up his first children, a slum called the city of joy. a place where 75,000 people are living on a space of about two football fields, a place where there is only one water pump for 7,000 inhabitants, a place where the life expectancy never goes beyond 40, and yet in this place i was to find the hero of humanity. i have brought you the voice of one of those heroes to might. she is a man who pulled a little cart and which he transports passengers in calcutta in a sense it is the taxi of calcutta, and man barefoot who died of tuberculosis a very early but who has on his finger this little bell. this little bill to the cabelas

the voice of a human course of our planet was still pulling people in a little car. and i always carry this in my pocket and i tell you when i walk on fifth avenue and i meet all of those people on the sidewalk who seem preoccupied with their case going to conclude a deal but they look really down, right here in the bottom of my pocket the voice of those who have nothing and it seemed to have everything because they know how to stand up and how to share with poorer than themselves and thank got for the most level benefits. they are really an inspiration. and we are happy, jeanne wolf, to bring you to calcutta in a few days to have you read to become meet those of the city, the man of calcutta because the

wife is coming with us to india. we are now returning to india to see some of our projects. and i could talk and all night with what happened in calcutta and what we would have done their. but i want to go now to the first part of this address to present you suffered great woman i have put forth you today in this lecture. one day somebody tells me in calcutta dominique, do you want to meet a south african mother teresa plaques i said south african mother teresa? how is this possible. he said another to ressa in this world and he suggests. you are to go to cape town and you will see her. we flew to k-town and one day we met a woman in her 50s, a white woman, the wife of a very

important lawyer of the city of cape town and her name is ellen f. lieberman, and this ellen lieberman, please believe me, is one of the hero's of our planet today. her name is maybe not known. i hope now with my new book her name will be known. but she is a heroic woman who at some moment in history has redeemed the conscience of humanity by what she did, by her courage, to appreciate what a line lieberman did in a time. we have to briefly do a little pilgrimage on the history of a great country. south africa is a fantastic country. it all starts in 1652 with the

arrival of a tall dutchman with a collar and long hair and 100 dutch people they are not colonizers. they are not conquers. they are planters. they've been sent by the east india company from amsterdam to grow salad to bring vitamins, produce vitamins for the sailors of the ships of the company engaged in the race for the spices around the world. so they are negative 16 tuesday to. they have strict instructions not to look toward africa. they are there just to do this garden work. but they belong to a chosen people. they are all from the calvinist

religion, and calvin has preached to these people that they belong to a chosen people that they will have their conquered land. they will have their new israel. they are chosen by god to spread the christian virtues wherever they are. and after planting their salads they decide to build auxin carts and engage in to the content of south africa. but they realize there are so few that they cannot really come from themselves with the black types which are in south africa. so they decide that they will remain themselves only -- there will be african. they will live apart from other people. they will create their own

language and then move in sight to really cultivate this land and if they have to fight with some black tribes they will fight and this confrontation our heroic confrontations which are going to last three centuries and one day they get to the north and one of child playing with another hits the rocks and they discover this rock is a diamond. and then they discover the south african is gold and that it cannot let insensitive into the big white tribe, the british when they found that out in london they said we must go to this continent and we are going to throw out those dutch people they call themselves the bulls.

we are coming with 500,000 soldiers and it is quite b.c.. but the bulls will defend themselves and it will be this ferocious bulwark you might have heard of. there were films made. winston churchill was a war correspondent on this war in the early youth. so those two white tribes come from themselves, and finally they make peace. and they decide to rule on the content. and one part of these white people, the most extremist ones, the most nationalist, there are only 4 million. succeed by legal wave, space election to conquer power in 1948 and they decided that to be

able to resist to the notion of black people surrounding them, the blacks are 22 million they have to create a system which is going to be an atrocity, a system that is going to be called [inaudible] on and in that research i made to reconstruct those events i discovered that a group of those african errors, young students in the years of 1936 and 38 have learned their homework from the nazis themselves. the minister of culture of hitler had invited plenty of them to come to germany to study in the big german university of hamburg, bremen, and near umber, munich and berlin, and there they were able to discover how

the nazis handled their problems and the shoes of the nazis were going to be the blacks, those 4.5 million in power. and i have really reconstructed in a minute way what had happened during those 40 years of a tragic racist regime which had seen among other and dr., a captain, a military doctor who had received as a commission with a role to invent a toxic substance, to destroy the black race. this man was like nazis in germany. he had invented substances that were put in cigarettes the day and chocolate sold in the townships of the black people

and so the black race would disappear. i have brought you here a small passport this document have to be owned by every black in south africa. this document with a photograph there and with the words telling everything about a man, where he was born, where he had worked, who were his parents, from what tried he was it even said where he had the right to be buried and it is to burn those documents like that that one some of the biggest rights to place during the 60 years of apartheid. but in the night and come in the nightmare of that time there were some flights and ellen lieberman was one of those lights.

she was a speech therapist and one day in the hospital, the big hospital k-town, she had tried to help a little boy, a little black boy who had just been operated from the cliff paulette and she knew that this little boy would die if he did not receive and on tv all the time. it was very, very important he received permanent care. but in the hospital of south africa in the black walls there was no such thing as care, and one day she found out that he had disappeared and she could not find out where had he gone. was he dead or had they been discharged and had his mother taken him back to their salam in the outskirts of cape town?

finally this white woman, driving a little car in the middle of the night and turned in one of the worst townships of south africa, never, never a white woman had walked in this place, never in the middle of the night. she would be killed instantly by the white police and probably also killed by the blacks who could not understand what a white woman what do in the midst in the middle of the night. she was probably a provocation from the white community. and ellen lieberman was able to find where the little boy was. she was able to get him back from barnes of his grandmother to take him back immediately to the hospital and save him, and that night when she comes home and falls in the arm of her

husband, michael, she says to him michael, i don't want to live anymore in this country. a country which can do what i have seen tonight is a cursed country. let's move out of here. allin lieberman never moved out. she became the mother teresa of islam where 250,000 black people were trying to survive in the heart of this apartheid regime. her story really is a book. her story is one of the most testimony you can never produce under courage, on the generosity of someone. i was so amazed. i had to 60 hours of interviews and then i decide to write what i think today is probably one of the best books i have written. it is called "a rainbow in the

night." it is a word which comes from another giant of our humanity, the same level of gondhi, this july and is called nelson mandela. mandela was in prison for 27 years. he was to serve 40 eternity and when he comes out instead to call all the blacks to vengeance against what the whites had done he says to everyone and now all of us whites, blacks, colored, indians, we are going to create a rainbow nation. it was the look of south africa at such a crucial moment of its history to be conducted by one of the greatest heroes of

humanity, this nelson mandela and believe me i have constructed every inch during those 27 years of prison i went to the island where he was in the cage for 27 years. i laid on the concrete of the cage to look at the ceiling just to try to figure out what can a man think during 10,000 lights knowing that he is there for eternity and yet keeping the faith that one day south africa will become free, independent and for consolidated. i spent some of the most touching moments of my whole career as a researcher, as a writer on those footsteps of

this great country. even one day, this is a side anecdote, would dominate, took some risk and we almost ended for breakfast of two lions in the heart of south africa by going out of our room too early without being escorted because this is south africa. you are bitten by flies, the climate, everything is terrible and wonderful and you have to describe all that. and i think that a rainbow in the night really brings all that together. it is dedicated to allin lieberman and all of those, black, white and colored who have fought for freedom. can you imagine one second that during this apartheid in time many million people change color

after only one single test, when someone was considered white but maybe was black because maybe had a few drops of black blood in his body but to could not determine really. some bureaucrat had invented the most incredible test you can imagine, the pencil test. then there be a member of the racial commission, local racial commission would come and see this person suspected to perhaps be black, could be a child and a school and he would put the pencil in the middle of the hair. it would fall immediately that was proof the person in question was quite. but if for some reason the pencil would remain it would be the proof that it curled or something in the hair would

retain it and that person had some black blood. can you imagine in same family, to children would become white and two other would become black? this is what happened during those 60 years. i found some stories between a white girl for instance and black man during that time it is incredible at the end of the book iran during the night i have published a few of the laws of apartheid. there were 1,750 such. the imagination of these people were so extraordinary but because where they were in the world, women like ellen lieberman, a doctor like chris, the men who did the first heart transplantation in history do you know in the middle of the

apartheid this white doctor had the guts to transplant a black heart into a white chest? this was such a challenge in front of the government when at that time a bottle of blood would have a little tag which would say this blood comes from a white donor or black donner and a few were even almost don young and you were a white person you had the right to refuse this blood transfusion. it was unbelievable and i am so happy to have written this book not only because i think it is a great story. it was enormous success in europe but because also the royalties are going to this humanitarian action in india and africa and now also in south africa, in south america with the royalties of one copy of a dream of the night i can feed

ten leopard children for one week. so it think it is an interesting story but also one new share when you get this book, and as all of this, the destinies of those when i mentioned today evolves around the most sacred thing that we have received from god that is the right to lift life. i would like to share with you just to conclude with only one minute more the message about life mother teresa had written once on the shore in the might of the monsoon 30 years ago and

i found this message as a poster for one of the homes of their land lieberman in south africa and for me this was a revelation and i think should inspire ourselves with those words about the most sacred thing that we have, life. mother teresa had written a life is an opportunity, benefit from it. life is duty. admire it. life is bliss, tasted. life is a dream come realize it, life is a challenge, meet it. life is a duty, completed. life is a game complete. life is costly, care for it. life is wealth, keep it. life is love, enjoy it. life is mystery, know it. life is a promise, fulfill it. life is a sorrow, overcome it. life is a song, sing it. life is a struggle, accept it.

life is a tragedy, confront it. life is an adventure, dare it. life is love, make it. life is too precious, do not destroy it. life is life, fight for it. thank you the [applause] >> thank you. now there is a question, do we still have time? the wind is waiting but it will get warmer which is better for red wine. if anybody has any questions i have to repeat this question of the microphone. somebody's -- yes.

i'm wondering all of these stories that you've learned that you told. was there one that most changed your life? personally? >> is there one story which is particularly to my heart? >> i think there is one. it is one souvenir memory i have from south america. one day i was walking on the edges a petty when i was researching for a rainbow in the night. and across came a young girl. holding some school books. she was coming back from school and going home and obviously she had not eaten. she had looked very weak. so research in my pocket if i could give some money or something and if i could only find a cracker i had in my pocket. so when she passed in front of

me i gave her this cracker. she said thank you and went away. and maybe a minute after i saw the most touching sight i would ever see in my life. across the steps on the young south african girl came a dog. and i saw this little girl break the cracker in two and give half to the dog. i understood that day but generosity means yes? >> it's not a question that it's a comment. i am from india and you are -- i mean, you are like a saint especially after your book,

midnight because a lot of people knew a lot of people could not read english but when the city came in the movie was made it was like to request a state and deserve all of that. [applause] india is dear to my heart. last year i had a great honor to receive the highest civil decoration from india. it is the ornament of the lotus. it is given by the president of india and the president of india is a woman. she's president of 1,200,000,000 people. this declaration is practically never given to a foreigner. but what is extraordinary is this declaration was requested

by 50,000 to children from begole that my wife would take care of. they had written to the president of their country along this letter in history. it's in the books, it is 12 miles long and was put in three huge rolls and taken and taken to new delhi where they dropped it in front of the president office saying we want our brother dominique to get borneman of the lotus. [applause] yes? >> [inaudible] -- or children and what they have done with their lives. >> where we work for them? >> for your own children. >> we have one daughter and 2,000 children in calcutta and i am telling you that our children in calcutta are doing fine because we have put computers in

their schools. and if you would see the school kids who barely come from a lubber colony where they still have the marks of leprosy on their body some had tuberculosis , somehow the belly and pleaded with worms and they are there with the internet and all this. that is the future of india. that is the shining india that to read about in the papers for those who export and create things. my daughter has become also a writer and we are very proud of her. she has written to fight the great books. one was the story of the wife of robert louis stevenson. the book is called frannie stevens in polish and america and was very successful. it is fannie stevenson was an american woman, even married with a gold digger of nevada and

one day her husband had left her. she had taken her children and moved to paris where she had met robert louis stevenson, this poet and she met him, it was an extraordinary story. then she wrote a book about [inaudible] and she was honored in this very museum for that. he was the first renaissance woman painter the daughter of a famous painter called [inaudible] , and she just published a big book about a wonderful agent who's also the agent eckert told you about she's going to try to find an american publisher for this epic that takes place in, and in the mountains.

so she's agreed researcher but she research with history finished. i need to meet people. my history is then the personal testimonies of people alive. working with archives and dust papers and all that is one thing. i couldn't do that. i need him in contact. somebody has to inspire me and if this person is inspiring to have to have enough talent to inspire, to translate this inspiration in the books. thank you. yes? >> i am from calcutta. >> you are from calcutta? bravo. >> the person who washes our clothes in calcutta in my apartment, her child is

benefiting from your institution and she told me if you ever meet god to say [speaking in native tongue] so i can see in the message to you. espinel this is a wonderful testimony who really compensate a lot of hardship because it is not easy to have a humanitarian action. there is a beautiful proverb which says you have to deserve the right to give it that is what we try to do. yes? >> i would like to say i am an ex south african. i've lived here for 40 years but i had the privilege of growing up with helen, she is a close and dear friend of mine and all i am on her board, and i am so

thrilled some one of your great stature has decided to bring her story because she is so humbled -- >> so humble and modest. espinel also in south africa she's very revered. thank you. >> thank you. wonderful. >> [inaudible] [laughter] >> somebody asked me about the black dress. it is a sad story but do we have time? okay. two years ago india is afflicted with cyclones, droughts, floods and everything, a cyclone had destroyed ten of our schools and dominique and i were absolutely despaired because so much efforts in that because of this climactic situation of this

particular country and one might dominica and i were having dinner with an old friend who happened to be the designer and is an old friend and he said to us why do you look so depressed and we explained why we looked so depressed and he said but you know, maybe i can help you. i have designed the black dress that audrey hepburn wares in breakfast tiffany. you know that black long dress when she comes out of the taxicab with her cigarette holder in front of the window of tiffany. i will give it to you. maybe you will find a collector who will buy it for $10,000 or maybe a museum. we were grateful. dominique that flight left the apartment like if he were

holding a wholly sacrament. that was the black jurors from breakfast at tiffany's. we brought it to christie's immediately and found a wonderful girl who knew about our humanitarian action and she said if it to me. i will to get around to bring it to los angeles. there is a museum for clothing. i will bring it to japan. this woman was fantastic. she brought it around the world and to make a long story short, the lost part of december there was an auction in london with clothing from stars and the dress was auctioned and we were in the house during the south of france and heard the phone with the auction house with here is what is happening. and all of a sudden on here that day dominique was monitoring my heart because i really thought that something was went to happen.

i heard the auctioneer say i have an offer on the telephone call for $300,000, 400,000 common new york is coming, 500,000. the dress of audrey hepburn sold for $900,000. not only we could repeal the 15th school but we were able to build 20 others and when i and nagareda the first new one built in front of thousands of children on a really talked to autrey and i said whole last years of your life you have given them to the children of the world suffered in. she was working for unicef and was very a generous woman. we are here together inaugurating this new tempo of knowledge which bears your name wherever you are, bless us and everybody applauded and the next

day to our great surprise there were posters of audrey hepburn in a black dress all over the countryside of begole created by people who had never seen the film with audrey hepburn of course. [laughter] who did not know who really she rose but then it was cried we love you. the whole countryside. in fact i would show you the photograph. it was really unbelievable. so those things can happen. [applause] french journalist dominique lapierre's books include freedom at midnight, paris burning and a thousand suns. he's the cofounder along wit o organization city of joy aid. for more information, visit cityofjoyaid.org.

>> we are here at west virginia university speaking with dr. jerald pops, a professor at the university, about his latest book ethical leadership in turbulent times model in the public career of george marshall. how would you -- how would george marshall define leadership? >> george marshall would probably do it rather than define it. he was a man of action. but he would certainly -- he would certainly tell you that the essence of leadership is finding good people and getting

as much room to operate as possible and freeing himself up to think about the longer-term and think about the future and what to do next looking down the road. >> what role does ethics played? >> i think it plays a very large role. the leadership literature is all over the lot. most of the business leadership for instance takes the view that efficiency and planning as the base of it however at the public sector there is a stronger strain of ethics in our belief system. and so marshall appealed to me because she was of sterling character. he was a man of great virtue and here he was one of the most successful administrators in the history of the country probably

the most successful since george washington and he must have done something right. so it struck me here was a great subject to look at ethical leadership because here was a man extremely ethical on the one hand and perhaps the most successful public administrator ever produced. -- and use it he's one of the most successful leaders since george washington. what are some of the exhibits you could give the people could learn from that? >> he happened to manage any world war ii roosevelt called him the organizer of victory in world war ii. truman called him the greatest american at the age. he developed and let something like 84 generals during world war ii. he redesigned army education, army officer training in the 1930's and then produced from

fort benning georgia from the infantry officer school most of the great generals of world war ii and he also identified and brought eisenhower into the fold, and then he didn't raise mcarthur so to speak but he saved macarthur. he got him out in 1942 and so he was also overseeing macarthur. he also identified patton as a great leader, great for your. so martin was the sort of got father of our forces in world war ii. in addition to that almost everybody has heard of the marshall plan, and this was in 1947 when he became secretary of state. first he was the champion of the war and then after world war ii he became first ambassador to

china and tried to work out a piece. and then he appointed secretary of state and as secretary of state she basically attached design and sold to the congress the marshall plan which had a lot to do with the prosperity of western europe from that time on. he was also involved in the berlin blockade and creation of nato and then became very ill and after he recovered he was appointed as president of the american red cross of all things and was highly successful. he rebuilt the american red cross and experienced a lot of come experiencing a lot of damage and loss of reputation and managed to resuscitate them and the corrine and war broke out and became secretary of

defense. truman brought them up and by this time he was a pretty old man so after one year in defense of his last public act of note was that he finally consented to truman's desire to remove douglas macarthur from the far east demand and marshall oversaw that and testified to the congress and to the left the case for mccarthy's removal and resigned for the third time >> one of the people who wrote a review said we are at a time society's aching for effective ethical leadership. would you hope will read this book and take from it? >> i hope all of our public readers read it of course i think every professor assumes everybody will read their book. my main target to read this book are all the young students have

public service careers who wish to become not only public administrators but had not for profits but who will tell you ethical administration and private sectors so those are the people i really want to read the book and so that they cannot model the behavior of a great ethical leader like marshall. schedule intended the opening of the marshall center for ethics -- tell us a little about that. >> that was last week and a celebration of marshal's 50th year since his death and that conference saw a lot of authors and scholars come together as well as practitioners, former secretary of commerce was there from the bush administration, from the first bush

administration, and we had probably 150 to 200 people and all of them came together to talk about marshall's leadership come his management skills, his history as world war ii his history of world war i which is very little appreciated. the format it affect that he had on the army and its rebuilding on the 1930's cities were all subjects that dealt with that kind of thing. >> we have been speaking with professor pops with his new book, quote coo ethical leadership in turbulent times modeling the public career of george c. marshall." thank you very much. >> thank you for having me.