advanced that much in the period of time since we've been polling. >> host: one thing, also, that surprised me on iraq and there are yet again reports that iraq was having a new government, that iraqis dislike intrusion and interference from iran as much as they do from the united states. >> guest: yeah. >> host: i thought that was interesting as well. >> guest: yeah. >> host: you know, with the stereotype that somehow iraq is now good manying like iran -- becoming like iran. >> guest: yeah. and i think if we paid more attention to some of the polling in the iraq early on, we would have altered our course. but, you know, the iran question is critical in that whole region because it's not just the iraqis that are concerned there. a lot of fuss was made over a recent poll we did where we had arabs looking favorably in some countries on the iranian nuclear program. but if you look at the other numbers we have, not looking favorably on iran itself. they see iran as a threat, but

there's almost a screw you factor to their nuclear program. it's like we opposed it, and so people are going to say, okay, he's defying you, that might not be a bad thing. but they're still very concerned about iran's role, and i think that we have so much more we have to learn about the dynamic, the complex political dynamic in the region. i think the book only begins to open that, that investigation but so much more needs to be done.

>> to save the vietnam's from the communist. so many died a but what i was asked to give of that point* i could not refuse and i wrote a book and

published by the association of the u.s. army. in 1953 -- i was a flight nurse because the air transport may need special care. dien bien phu was an airplane mahan was established coming in from the north and east and the west and from the south. and mutual support.

the ground hospital had a surgeon and seven mail nurses. generally a second surgeon were sent to dien bien phu after the attack on the 13th of march there were three casualties. [inaudible] the hospital could hold 55 patients we had additional seltzers and 15 additional rooms. that was quite enough of as

long as everyday we have the wounded and the sec but then the planes came and on the first day of march i was sent to a fortnight to the operation in the south when they learned of the terrible attack launched buy a said vietnamese on dien bien phu. miraculously to flight nurses, i was south of the battlefield located southwest of the central position may heard artillery fire.

each supporting position as the attack occurs but in the french position in the trench 10 times greater in number, and a few hours they exploded under enemy fire. by early-morning and then in the middle of the central position, the commander and the difference of the regime , after the

grant-- the ground assaults despite the counterattack it was from the battalion who had fought all night. the collapse of the post protected. [inaudible] index through me on the x-ray machine was destroyed. but on the 17th of march

the red cross managed to learn. [inaudible] when counted she found 32 of them and the plane managed to take off. but then when it landed, the flight nurse what one was

injured despite the bulletproof vest for carol on march 19, and there was a a shell that exploded on the very spot he just left. we took off with 50 wounded. then i returned to hanoi to take my place. [inaudible] then negative commander propose to land the plane that night. so it was planned for the

first night we would each make two trips if all went well. it would be marked by three small lights to pointed out at the beginning and one at the end of the airfield. and then the plane would circle the area so as to camouflage the sound of landing aircraft. [inaudible]

>> the propellers were already turning and then with the wounded, we were on one side of the plane then 71 did lying down to be as quick as possible. the night was dark and then read team the ambulance were there everything went calm and smoothed.

i shall always remember the expression of joy of the face when he saw me in the darkness. good giant faces when he seems to emerge we were full of hope. cement but then to talk about the news but unfortunately the rules are to turn back. although we know to lower

the and maim vigilance. [inaudible] the. >> it was the end of the evacuations. but then the pilots had been injured in side happily the private -- the pilot would fly his plane back.

could then the first plane exploded. west with the enemy aircraft became highly accurate. each time on the same access it became easy prey. the night of march 25, but the tests of the radio they knew of the landing strip when it we arrived.

the pilots in gin showed signs of trouble on the way over. the rush to the cockpit too late. i was crushed. i can only think of those men who believed they were on their way to freedom. i went back and asked my team leaders to let me go again since my mission had not been completed. >> and then i was off-again.

and then meet took off again and then remanded on the last strip which read rose slightly off the track. and then watching the wounded unload that was a invisible but we watched the flames.

the day was calm but the weather was very bad. but then coming to the airfield with the boots stuck in them lead and we had to proceed conflict. but the commander of the group arrived. [inaudible]

by five, i felt as if it was the end of the world. pieces of march fell from the roof and nobody said one word. to satisfy many used tin can after hours i had to go >> in a few minutes the unit was fuld.

where there was room between the beds of the patients already there. [inaudible] outside men from the unit waited until a room was found. the injured had mixed in with their blood. we were prisoners of four, giving them as much as they could. but i put to be in charge of the most seriously wounded.

i worked under the light of the electric plant in the corridor and one on the edge. how could i describe the flow of the injured or of their ability to shelter ast emas. on the basis of his low experience, listed as much time and. [inaudible] with each explosion the

earth shook. fortunately they jump with parachutes and had 15 beds but was packed with the addition of stretchers. the wounded were late injured and quickly attended, and then returned to their unit to serve mexico they were free of our positions. [inaudible]

in refusing to pull back from direct fire. at night to the wounded could no longer be brought to the hospital because of the shelling but a different sound, and the one to serve all of the wounded, when the

shelling came down it was not impossible but for the injured the firm be it was different. i would fight that presidents and would fight to stay with them. and then the and it was transformed into a hospital. i am was entrusted of the care of 40 beds.

and at the center of the unit, operating other right on the left is a small corridor that was the x-ray room. the in the kitchen and it was directed by two surgeons and then distributing medicine.

soon realized the importance of the presence of a woman in the middle of the battle. when wounded the toughest man becomes as vulnerable as a child. i was a mother a sister or a friend. my mere presence, because i was a woman later when said to his wife you should not been there. but olivetti eliminated the rest of my life.

when i was told every time you walk into my shoulder, i felt admiration for the wounded and so many so very young. many 19 year old boys it buy a grenade -- hit by a grenade. prefer another young man 19 years old he was hit by shell fragments and one leg had to be amputated to avoid

the risk of infection. every changer band-aids one day my and patient had the desire to breeze some fresh air outside of the surgical unit and asked me to accompany him. so off we went hopping on his good leg and leaning on me. when we arrive at the end of the tunnel i said when this is over i will take you dancing. these are words of one will never forget.

never did he complain. [inaudible] and there are those the ever injured that needed daily attention and nursing those would return to their quarters and often into combat. everyday had in new casualty. one doctor asked the patient to collect for the neighboring shelters and

then after its capacity capacity, retrieved by the shoots. it was as sinister as a shelter it is the middle of that place with a tiny shoulder. having learned to the first three weeks sitting in a shelter i said that between two patience. -- patient.

[inaudible] we hope it would bring a heart to the fighting but it with the shelter we are to raise the beds. >> those they have bent initiating day-by-day what was not sufficient and 90 reach out to to the fight for broke.

[inaudible] and april 2,435,000 combat in some their lights 3,250 able-bodied men left. i was invited to a command post when i opened up. [inaudible]

the following day the celebration in. i joined the letter was the first class order and i was now confident the combatants considered me one of them will that made me very happy. [inaudible] the conditions became traumatic for the injured

woke the wounded. it was the sound of the rocket launcher called silence organs when my work was done, i reached out to the command post in the end careful not to disturb the officer, i followed it minute by minute. i heard a ibplosion in which shook.

[inaudible] but that she would stay behind to oversee the wounded. i return to the surgical unit. i learned in the breakout would not recur. the men or ordered in to

destroy a fair arms and ammunition. i walked over to say goodbye we were close to tears. back at the unit, they were greatly relieved with the final cigarette to come of we waited. at about 530 driving us out

of the shelters offering a vision it was covered could continue. and then it we received an order to return to our unit. automate eight but then with

the shelter i demanded those three days left an awful memory. [inaudible] i barely succeeded in hiding from him those who were injured maybe a point* of order made out of parachutes. but that which took two days

it consisted of dried fish and was sufficient. after those two days i was on to treat the wounded and then with the wounded were brought on a stretcher with strips of fabric one and was not allowed to view the injured on may 21st i refuse to leave my patients behind when i have supported

them. so i requested to postpone my departure until the end. may 24 the european forces force me to leave because in their opinion was suggesting there were holding me against my will. i was sad to leave my patients. the last took place on me 26. also during fed darkest moment where they were

waiting for me, as i walk away what is going to become of us now? of our blue eyes? the next day to the direction of the campeau the prisoners happily one week later they were liberated i got the good news on the first of june when i arrived to paris. may 26 was the last day but if not left for the prison

camps and offal condition and many of them died during the march during the time of prison. [inaudible] i do not know the realize you're the only french woman been dien bien phu. i offered him that it seems that happily.

[inaudible] it was a special moment that still warms my heart. >> i was involved of joy since i left.

and then i would step back it seems it is the hardest part was behind me however i was free to join my family. never at a time today agreed it made the experience unforgettable and was priced because i have the privilege to share my life which despite the defeat.

[inaudible] at thank you. [applause] >> thank year much [inaudible conversations]

>> day i am personal a very curious 16 next zero was with the american forces in adults the yen in vietnam and the separation of many years, from 1954 there 1968, i am just curious, of the difference of the feelings that might be expressed? >> i feel much sympathy for

you and your husband. my time as prisoner has been very short very upset and very worried but i am a woman i don't think they will keep me. at one time to the medical

team coverage if they would like me to go and i was very afraid would each have a which time. [inaudible] >> guy greatly respect your courage to do you ever go back to dien bien phu? >> i never went back land back to vietnam but could

group was not organized because people told me each time decided to build a new house and you can see those who gave their lives and i could not bear to see such things. >> i really don't have a question but i think i speak on behalf of military

spouses that in light of your great courage of anything should ever happen to our husbands and somebody like you would always be there. >> thank you very much. [applause] >> because of the wounded one day the weather was very clear there is a drop of parachutes we went out to see them and it was

beautiful this light coming down out of the sky when he landed close to me when he got up he said a woman? but the woman it is not so terrific as they say with others. >> thank you for your presentation. did you remain in the military after indochina? >> yes. when i finished my engagement, i extended my a

engagement and after that, wants i left at that time because an american doctor on the order of the rehabilitation center invited me to come at that time to the center which is beautiful now it showed that perhaps if i go there for six months then i could work for two years before her i went to madagascar are with my husband. >> any other questions?

>> i could not go back but at that time. >> to the survivors of the camp get together periodically handed to you meet them periodically? >> there was an association of the combat since but the president and general secretary that after the university of dien bien phu they decided to close it.

the association. [speaking french] but every three months we would receive a letter and it is from the other

association. >> you may not be aware but her husband is here. will you please stand up? >> caller. >> with three tour eight of indochina man was an intelligence officer and parachuted into the country north. he is certainly honored and we're honored to have him. >> merci beaucoup. [applause]

we're honored by your presence and thank you very much. it is a wonderful presentation. >> in addition to a questionnaire covering a wide variety of items they're asked to imagine the nation's history from 1966 to the end of this century. in other words,, the year 2000 point* they were looking ahead for 34 years imagining what they

perceived they view growing happen to the country for the remainder of the century. the graduate student student, richard, was surprised by what he described as the belief of the gaf members want to moral decay would be reversed in the near future by an awakening of the american people resulting in moving to train of events back to common sense. he also surveyed people from a democratic society which is the leading leftist organization and the young democrats and college republicans and reported on his results in an article he

co-wrote and was published in the academic journal. it is interesting to look at these projections of the half members from 19661 predicted a redirection of american society toward freedom and conservative principles. remember this is 1966. >> united states led by hypocritical and done principal leaders becomes very bureaucratic in an increasingly socialistic and united states generally this is the battles of foreign affairs because it does not present its philosophy of free enterprise, libertarian believes with, etc. as well as it should. his sounds almost familiar to the current date and finally excuse me in the 1980's or thereabouts, the american people realized

economic security is not necessarily free down. they realize their freedoms are bridged and realize the economy is coming-- becoming too regimented and the people change the trend of events back to conservative principles of government. the prediction was 1980 and 1980 was the year in which the american people voted for a president ronald reagan. [applause] who did indeed change the trends of events back to common-sense principles. he was citing another member of yaf looking at the following events from 1966

through 2000. his prediction were as follows. 1968 a victory, and then reagan elected president, a 76 reelected. 19,708th ball of soviet russia. 1980 fall of red china. 85 end of welfare or social security and 2000 is the end of the union's. has that co-author notes compared to their counterparts on the left yaf seemed to have a mountain of nine ef- eighth. . . . .