>> i anticipate there'll be an announcement very sent from the e.u. and then we'll be happy to talk about it. >> if there is going to be a meeting, is that correct secretary burns would be the one to go? >> the last time someone got together last year with iranian officials under secretary burns as our representatives. ..

the people of egypt want to see broad participation in their political process. it is up to that the egyptian government to meet the need to meet the desires of the egyptian people. we will, as part of our ongoing dialogue with egypt, continue where we feel appropriate to express our concerns about these kind of developments. we have recently in the discussion between victory clinton and foreign minister and we will continue to raise concerns where appropriate. >> speak to the government of egypt? >> we have a commitment to a partnership with egypt. these are not either or

circumstances or relationship with egypt as multifaceted, but as use all of yesterday's statement we will not hesitate to tell egypt as a friend where we think their actions have fallen short of international standards. spearman but the initial results shows that almost all the positions lost all seats apart early many become a denney including the muslim brotherhood. do you worry about them not being represented in the government that might lead them to now become underground or to move in violent path? >> we have a detailed statement that describes our concerns about the election. we'll continue to raise these concerns with the government of egypt. >> why did it take so long to get the statement out, 9:00 was light coming and you were working on a flight -- i mean there was -- >> i hear you. [laughter] >> are you concerned that muslim

brotherhood lost the elections? >> i just said that. >> try again? bimmer are you concerned -- >> i just answered that question. >> can you confirm the meeting in washington next week between japan and south triet? >> stay tuned. we'll have more to say about the probably tomorrow. >> there is a report in "the new york times" regarding some deals they were trying to be made to find homes for the gitmo detainees. as it seems to be, that by september of last year, there was still no solution for the yemeni detainee problem and that closing guantanamo bay by a the january deadline was pretty much of the table. can you comment on that? >> i'm not going to comment on what's been in the paper. we are committed to close in guantanamo, and we continue to engage in men and other countries about the detainee's who are still at guantanamo who we believe qualify for return of the settlement. >> thank you. recovery quickly. we have a report out of kabul

which says officials including the president and his brother are involved in authorizing and requesting the release of the increase in the taliban fighters and it says that the effect of these kind of releases which are sometimes done for political reasons and sometimes for money raises questions about the government's seriousness about fighting against the insurgency. do you have any comment on that? >> i will take the question. >> forgive me if this was asked while i was out, but a senior ecuadorian government officials, foreign ministry official has talked about offering residencies to julian assange. do you think that's -- the founder of wikileaks. is that a good idea? >> no. >> have you raised that with the ecuadorean? >> i don't know the the comments of one individual in ecuador

necessarily represent the views of that government. >> thank you.

fcc chairman genachowski ward the growth of wireless phones is outpacing infrastructure and so when the americans could face a spectrum crunch. the warning happened earlier at the fcc's public meeting in washington, d.c.. regulators voted 53 co nothing to stop writing the rules for real planning spectrum from broadcasters and offer it for wireless internet and smart phone usage. this meeting is about one hour and 40 minutes. >> good morning everyone and welcome to the november 2010 meeting of the federal communications commission. madam secretary. would you please introduce the agenda this morning. >> thank you mr. chairman, good morning to you and commissioners. today's agenda includes three items for consideration and one. first he will consider a notice

of proposed rulemaking seeking comment on rules to facilitate the most efficient use of the uhc tvd and. these proposals and important steps toward the agency spectrum goals as outlined in the national broadband plan would take steps to enable mobile broadband use currently reserved for use by tv broadcasters including through innovations such as channel sharing and generating increased value. second you will consider a notice of proposed rulemaking seeking comment on steps to promote innovation and efficiency in spectrum he was under part five experimental radio service. for your freedom he will consider a notice of inquiry seeking comment on promoting more intensive and efficient use of the radio spectrum, thereby potentially enabling more management through dynamic spectrum technology. last on your agenda, the

consumer and government affairs bureau will present an overview of the 21st century communications and the deal accessibility act, and the commission's implementation plan and demonstrate accessibility technology. this is your agenda for today. all three items will be presented by the office of engineering and technology, julius chief of the office will give the introduction. >> thank you. congratulations on your touch work today. >> good morning mr. chairman and commissioners. we will be presenting three items for consideration today each of which serve to the commission spectrum goals and as a result of boosted the economy in jobs. the first item is a notice of proposed rulemaking that would leave the groundwork for improving efficiencies in the spectrum currently used for tv broadcasting to make more spectrum available for wireless products and services. here at the table is the deputy

chief of oetc, bill flake, the chair of the mass media along with the associate chief of the bureau, and barbara, chief of the didier division. the item will be presented by allen, but before turning the floor over i would like to extend thanks to the people who have worked on this item, for the media bureau, bill flake, barbara and rebecca hansen, john major, rob and gordon got free. from the wireless telecommunications bureau, ruth, john leibovitz and brought. from the office of general counsel, alston, david horowitz and bill share, and aside from alan nurse camano and nancy brooks. allen will present the item. >> good morning mr. chairman and commissioners. >> the notice of proposed rulemaking before you would initiate a process to further the commission's ongoing

commitment to addressing america's growing demand for wireless broadband services, to spur innovation and investment in wireless broadband systems, and ensure that america leads the global wireless revolution. the notice would take preliminary steps towards making additional spectrum available for wireless broadband a portion of the spectrum that is currently used for broadcast television. at the same time, the notice recognizes the important benefits served by broadcast television and takes an approach the would help preserve that service has a healthy viable media. the notice proposes three actions intended to set the underlining a regulatory framework to accommodate wireless broadband uses of the tv dance. the proposals of the notice of adopted will also provide new options for broadcasters. first, the notice proposes to add new allocations or fixed and land global services and the tv dance to become primary with the

existing broadcast applications. this proposal would make all of the spectrum in the tv bands for broadcast use and thereby provide the maximum flexibility for the commission's planning efforts including the possibility of auctioning a portion of the spectrum for new broadband services in the future. second, this notice proposes to establish a framework of rules that would permit two or more television stations to share a single 6 megahertz channel that is to operate from the same transmission facilities on the same channel. it thereby freeing up one or more of the original channels for use by wireless broadband services. under this framework, stations entering into the channel sharing arrangements would retain their lights to mandatory carriage on cable and dbs systems. the proposed sharing rules would neither increase nor decrease

the carriage rights of any broadcaster on any type of multiple video distribution system. finally, the noticed proposes to create value for television viewers and broadcasters by increasing the utility of the vhf for television services. the goal in this initiative is to result digital broadcast reception problems in the band's. the notice specifically proposes to increase the maximum power were allowed for the bfh stations subject to avoidance of interference to other services and to establish minimum performance standards for the indoor antenna. these actions will leave the groundwork for the goals set in the national broadband plan to make available up to 120 megahertz from broadcast television ban for a new lawyer list broadband service. it would pave the way for future actions by which the commission could propose plans for recovery of tv spectrum including

service, licensing and auction rules for new wireless brought and operators. the staff recommends adoption in this item and requests editorial privileges. thank you. >> consistent with our goals of efficiency and presentation on an important topic. we will hear comments from the bench. commissioner copps. >> thank you, mr. chairman. i polis this notice with cautious optimism as we begin with the innovation and how to make the best use of the limited spectrum we have. dalia really need to act in a strong, for word manner to wireless broadband. there are a number of ways to help accomplish this but we are going to be called upon to think very creatively in order to make it a success. i think it is an item of

contingency planning and that applies to the concept of channel sharing. the list a defection or the economic conditions will offer implementation of a full range of spectrum recommendations put forth in the national broadband plan but we do know that we need to be smarter about spectrum utilization in that we need to maximize the spectrum performance so it may better serve the communications needs of the american people. i am of course interested in the future of broadcasting. at the outset i commend the notice recommend recommendation that free to all over the air television can bring to america's citizens. many broadcasters have worked hard to turn this volume into reality. i believe in the power of broadcasting and the potential for broadcasters only to survive, but to thrive if they will would recognize their strengths and the of vintages that localism and the public administration and the airwaves

bring to them. it's an advantage that not all in fact not nearly enough broadcasters have pursued. it is no secret i have been disappointed so much of the spectrum dividend that of crude to broadcasters as a result of the dtv transition goes dramatically from the utilized. i'm not interested in pushing broadcasters somewhere else or in discouraging their enhanced stewart should of the airwaves. but public interest multitasking remains all too often a concept and not a reality. i speak only for myself and saying that had the spectrum but input to fall positive uses i discussed i would have little interest in contemplating other uses of it. but here we are trying to define how scarce and sometimes underutilized spectrum can serve consumers and citizens. between now and such time as the channel sharing and incentive options and all of us come our way may be more broadcasters will come to see the wisdom of

harvesting benefits from the spectrum they a rise to use. one of the greatest challenges facing us as we work to widen the with the spectrum for wireless broadband and other use is to make sure we would have a comprehensive understanding of the current spectrum of landscape. surely the future success will depend of not only on the understanding of the current allocations and assignments but on its actual use. that's why i am so glad we continue to make progress on the spectrum-board which will require your ongoing commitment and resources to achieve its full potential. i know from my experience during the digital to the transition and changes in spectrum use can raise any issues. some unforeseen and that they require outreach to and work with both consumers and industry. consumers generally don't concern themselves much about the arcane details of spectrum allocation to nor should they have to but they do care that when they turn on a tv or make a

call on the smart phone it works. so we must begin a balancing act weighing up the needs and the requirements of today and tomorrow. i am pleased we have some difficult questions on this notice. we need to understand the regulatory framework under which channel sharing would be allowed. the technical implications for broadcasters and the viewers and how any changes would affect the over the air broadcasting. we also abandon ways to improve td receptions to the vhf spectrum. the letcher will not be easy, believe me. we've looked everywhere we could under every rock and around every corner during of the transition, and remedies were few and far between. let's hope the months ahead lead us to some genuine innovation. we do seem to have a consensus that some considerable amount of spectrum will be required in the wireless world. without additional spectrum wireless consumers can face greater disservice and higher prices. this concerns me. but it also concerns me that

without other safeguards, auction of massive amounts of spectrum to incumbent wireless providers may not necessarily result in more consumer friendly uprising or service. additional spectrum needs to be an important part of the wireless solutions, the whole solution it isn't. and i suppose that is the difference between physical spectrum and spectrum policy. so this is a good and mrs. free item we doherty in the questions that need to be answered and if there are questions we don't ask i hope the call mentors will answer them anyhow. we will all pay attention i guarantee that. thank you to julie map and the team of the office of engineering and technology for the job they did on a very complicated i come. their work continues to amaze me and thanks to the others who cooperated in bringing this to us. thank you. >> commissioner copps, thank you very much.

commissioner mcdowell. >> the ongoing question to make the most productive use of the resources. the issue of the future uses within the television broadcast is only part of our overall policy focus on spectrum of issues but it may be the most prominent one. as we go forward in this proceeding i will remain mindful of the significant public interest benefits of broadcasters deliver. i also understand the need to ensure any new rules for allowing flexible use within tvd and must incumbent broadcast licensees with a viable opportunities to experiment with their own mix of wireless services including but not limited to traditional broadcasting. at the same time i would side with the prospect of exploring options for wireless products and services within the frequency devoted to over the air television. although the new districts much attention to the concept of voluntary channel sharing among broadcasters, i have not reached

any conclusion as to whether that approach is the best possible option for getting the most out of the tv band. i would like my -- would like, enters to tell about the alternatives that may be used in lieu of or in conjunction with channel sharing. for example, broadcasters already are in power number section 336 of the communications act to offer a flexible range of ancillary or supplemental waterless services in addition to their primary broadcast program stream. i've been a longtime proponent of encouraging broadcasters to least some of their spectrum for wireless broad and purposes and now is the time to dig into this concept seriously. how would this approach work in the context of increasing availability of wireless broadband? what are the technical issues as well as the business feasibility issues. would this approach be a faster means of getting more spectrum for broadband into the marketplace than the channel

sharing concept? what are the relative strengths and weaknesses of the plan for channel sharing come eventual spectrum clearing and repackaging versus the concept of the broadcasting and a broadband uses to be interwoven through the existing ban. i will also review with interest the revisions we receive on the topic of technical improvements for digital broadcasting on the vfh channels. as one of the two remaining butter and commissioners of the digital television tradition and sitting next to the director at the time i have not forgotten the difficult and an anticipated challenges week and broadcasters on the channels face at the time of the analog shut off. both industry and fcc engineers scrambled through the spring and summer of 2009 to try to overcome interference and other reception problems associated with vfh channels. what had been prime real estate in the days of analog broadcasting sometimes became a rough neighborhood in the new

digital era. before the commission takes action that might lead to more broadcasters moving back into the channels i would want to fully understand the ramifications of such a decision. and i also thank the members of etc and everyone involved on this notice is terrific. thank you. >> thank you. commissioner clyburn. >> thank you. i strongly support efforts to encourage more efficient use of spectrum including broadcast spectrum so certain broadcasters are underutilizing the spectrum we have licensed to them, and for those to do so on a voluntary basis i am supportive of any recovery mechanism that would benefit the public interest. additionally of indorse actions that give all of our licensees more flexibility which will allow more innovation and competition that will ultimately benefit consumers. we also have, however, a significant obligation to protect the important public interest that over the air

broadcast tv provides our nation. as we progress through this and other proceedings related to the national broadband plan, recommendations for reallocating 120 megahertz of broadband services we should carefully study the possible impact of removing broadcast spectrum could have on all consumers and local communities, but i cannot stress enough, we must pay close attention, careful attention, to those who are the most vulnerable to the loss of broad been a television. we learned during the dtv transition a large number of americans such as seniors and the poor continue to rely on broadcast tv tuesday informed. communities that heavily depend on broadcast programming should not have to sacrifice the benefits in order for the nation to obtain wireless broadband services. i encourage the staff to work with broadcasters and consumer

advocates so that we arrive at a long-term solution that properly balances both of these important interests. i also wish to thank all of those who work so hard on this item. thank you mr. chairman. >> thank you. >> thinks mr. chairman. the proceeding is the beginning of a process to identify the best means to butterflies a respecter rules for the tv dance. this should be a collaborative process and we should not begin the and state or assumptions about particular future uses. mobile broadband providers and other innovators need the opportunity to craft rules that would serve the public interest and provide a robust future for broadcasting and broadband. i believe strongly we cannot look in today's technology or business plan for any spectrum users with their it be broadcast or broadband. central to the principle which aimed to provide a path for innovation and investment and i

am hopeful we can achieve the balance in this proceeding and have focused on future opportunities necessarily requires all stakeholders to demonstrate a willingness to question the status quo and work cooperatively. we should start a free discussion of the van with the recognition it has only been a year and five months since both broadcasters completed the transition to digital. any successful transition of additional bands to mobile broadband should be a consensus driven process. to facilitate, we should encourage new technology and innovation in and more broadly more thinking about how broadcasters and broadband coexist. this takes a number of steps to optimize spectrum uses and provide broadcasters greater flexibility in how spectrum is used, a hallmark for our modern spectrum policy across bans. to that end, i support the commission's effort to add allocations for the mobile

services in the bands. our overall flexible approaches evidence in effect the item does not specify future plans for the recovered spectrum. i also support proposals to improve operating conditions in the vfh ban as we all know, there are consequences for reception of the vfh signals as a result of the dtv transition. i accept this item presents an initial step in updating the tvd and rules. significant and fundamental issues are deferred. in the future the needs to be a discussion on additional proposals to address sharing of broadband and broadcast in the tv than including the possibility of a transition from mpeg 2 to mpeg 4 or a transition from atv to the technology. these are low means the only

potential and the have their own weaknesses and strengths. and in all fairness, we should also ask additional questions about the future flexibility of public interest obligations on broadcast licensees. if the tv bands are to a shift towards a more flexible spectrum model it is only right to ask whether those used restrictions should also be revisited. we should also acknowledge that we need to partner with and have to have a good relationship with congress to give us the tools that are potential and necessary to effectuate a policy decisions and in particular i am hopeful congress will provide the commission with the authority to conduct incentive options as well as other tools to manage spectrum more effectively. the tools to help the commission offered when win situations to incumbent and new users of spectrum. importantly, these are not tools nor an approach that should be limited to the tv dance. indeed it is critical we stress this proceeding is part of a much broader overreaching come

across governmental spectrum report -- spectrum reform effort to ensure the nation's long-term competitiveness and bright future for the spectrum hungry mob broadband services. it has to consider the use of the tv dance we should also work to avoid the mistakes of the past or the practical interactive publications and one day and had a ripple effect across other users or inhibited future efforts. and the band these challenges caused by wireless microphones are the ones most discussed. the issue surrounding the tv channel 51 weren't greater focus. channel 51 is adjacent to the low were blocked in the 700 megahertz. the presence of high-power broadcast operations in many communities may foreclose the opportunity to build out a broadband offering in 700 megahertz. appreciate that we ask questions directly about that issue. pour generally we see comment on how to best avoid such situations particularly as it

relates to channel 37 and the uppermost channel dedicated to for the year broadcasting. if we view that he began this and will see more comprehensively we can avoid some of the pitfalls going forward. we also cannot ignore the unintended consequences of our prior actions. we need to address existing impediments to investments like the channel 51 issue and an equitable and expedited manner. i look forward to addressing all of these challenges with my fellow commissioners. many thanks to all the staff who worked hard over thanksgiving. thank you. >> thank you, commissioner baker. this item is the first of three the commission is considering today that will help meet our nation's need for cutting edge wireless services and technologies in the 21st century helping spur our economy and create jobs. one way to think of spectrum is as invisible infrastructure. there you can't see it, spectrum

is the backbone of our mobile communications infrastructure and the central to one of the most robust and promising sectors of our economy. we are at an inflection point with our invisible infrastructure. the explosive growth in mobile communications threatens to outpace the infrastructure on which it relies. i said this before, but it bares repeating and emphasis. if we don't act to update our spectrum policies for the 21st century, we are going to run into a wall, a spectrum crunch that will stifle american innovation and economic growth and cost us the opportunity to lead the world in mobile communication. the spectrum crunch also threatens to create millions of dissatisfied mobile consumers who, if we don't tackle this challenge, will be forced to choose between a poor service and higher prices. drop mobile internet connections

for to be any less frustrating than dropped calls. as we of land in the national broadband plan and more recently in our sec spectrum we have a two-pronged pram delete to plan for the supply and demand. first we will pursue policies to drive the most efficient and flexible use of spectrum. second, we will seek to bring market forces to the bands of spectrum where markets currently aren't given the opportunity to work. this item advances both goals. it starts what i hope will become a landmark rulemakings to bring efficiency to the use of our tv broadcast spectrum, and it plays a central groundwork for market-based policies in the form of voluntary incentive options which are strongly hope congress authorizes in the near future. the roughly 300 megahertz of spectrum and the tvd and this is among the most robust available. some people call with beachfront property. the transition to digital, made it possible to trends and over

the air broadcast program use in less than before. while some stations are seizing the opportunity to offer a multi the court: stream or e the public interest and i s are not. >> many of the box caro permit certain types of efe channel sharing to stick wo which i am indebted

in the broadcast allocation adjustments to the power aa wheelie important groundwoy incentive options in the b. >> enhance global competitiveneo improve service for consumers id significant revenue for the treo broadcasters, providing additioe

first step to set the stage for incentive options is perhaps reminiscent of an action taken more than 20 years ago the commission when the fcc started a process to provide for digital television. while it was and had planned a news at the time but ultimately rise to the emergence of the new generation of tv technology and freed more than 100 megahertz of spectrum is about to usher in fourth generation or wireless services and technology and new broadband services for public safety. we know it won't be easy to free spectrum for mobile broadband fm the existing tvd and. meter with the process that ledo the transition of the over resulting spectrum, yet it is at least as necessary as the proces that began more than 20 years ao

and because how fast our global competitors are moving it is essential we move rapidly. thank julie and everyone who participated in the presentation and the development of this item at the wireless bureau, the meda bureau, a great example of how e can achieve a great product and important area by close collaboration among bureaus and process these and i thank each f my commissioners of my colleagues for working closely together on this item. with that the proceeding to the vote at this point. unless there is more discussion all of those in favor, say aya.

all of those opposed say nay. the ayes have it. editorial privileges granted. thank you. madam secretary, please announced the next item on the agenda. >> mr. chairman and commissioners, the second and third on your agenda will be presented together. item two on the agenda is entitled promoting expanded opportunities for retial experimentation and market studies under part v of the commission rules as streamlining of the related rules. in 2006 by annual review of the telecommunications regulation. item three on your agenda is entitled promoting more efficient use of spectrum through dynamic spectrum use technologies and the wireless telecommunications bureau would join the office of engineering and technology and presenting this item. >> thank you. mr. knapp, you have the floor again. >> it's my pleasure to present for your consideration to items to spur investment in wireless

technology to aid the economy. i encourage research and development of new products and services and by finding ways to increase access to our scarce spectrum resources. the first item is the notice of proposed rulemaking that proposes an overhaul of our experimental licensing program to make it easier for places such as universities, research institutions, health care institutions and other organizations to develop and study mou one phyllis technologies. the second item is the notice of inquiry on dynamic spectrum access which was prepared jointly with the wireless communications bureau. the item seeks to create value from spectrum much of the time by opening and up to services and devices that use an unexpected access techniques. the item also explore how we might modify or secondary market rules to further encourage development and use of services

based on how dynamic spectrum access. the two items will be presented by the deputy chief of etc also hear the table was wroth, the chief of the wireless telecommunications bureau and paul murray, assistant bureau chief. before presenting the item, allow me to take a moment to thank the people who helped prepare these items. as i was looking at the list i was reminded we get by with a little help from our friends, in our case we get by with a lot of help from our friends. for the experimental item, from the wireless bureau, roof, paul murray, roger noel and tom earnings and garrey michaels. from the media bureau, john long, susan crawford, gordon gough africom kevin harding and she and brad shaw. from the general counsel's office, david horowitz and steve space. from the office of strategic planning and chief technology,

doug, and from noel come in addition to ira, bruce, nicholas orris, jim, anthony, doug young, and nancy brooks. i still have moraes. further dynamic spectrum item, from the wireless bureau, ruth mulken, paul murray, gary michaels and mary booker. from the office of strategic planning, doug and stuart benjamin, and from oet, ira, bruce camano, jerry, rot small and nicholas. i will now present. >> good morning, mr. chairman and commissioners. we have two items before you that will promote and facilitate innovation and communications technology. a notice of proposed rulemaking that seeks to promote this innovation by updating of the commission's experimental radio

service rules and a notice of inquiry that examines how advanced radio technologies and new models of spectrum management techniques can advance innovation to increase and use and stretched the capacity of the valuable spectrum resource. many innovative ideas that have found widespread use by the public and all sectors of the economy can be traced back to ideas and inspiration developed under experimental radio licenses. it signals include the development of wi-fi and the technology found in today's 3g systems as well as the lte technology power in the latest high-tech devices. the experiment already the service has also been instrumental in fostering development in cutting its medical devices, such as in a plant tour and devices and the camera and a bill that allows physicians to mom and evasively and painlessly examine high-resolution images of internal organs. to ensure the united states remains at the forefront of innovations we now propose to

accelerate the rate at which these ideas transformed from prototypes to consumer devices and services by providing more flexibility to researchers and developers. under our existing rules, such experimental programs must be described and approved by the commission and if the researchers make discoveries that necessitate changes and operating authority they must seek prior approval for modification of the licence. we now propose to create a new type of experimental license, the program license. these licenses would provide broad authority for experimentation over a wide variety of frequency and range of operating parameters without the need to obtain prior authorization before conducting individual experiments. specifically, we propose to create the three types of program licenses. the first would be available to universities and national laboratories so that they can leverage their vast resources and expertise and basic research to bring about an ovation. second, we propose to create an

innovation program license where researchers could conduct tests and specified geographical locations with pre-authorized down conditions. further, we propose to create a medical program license the would be available to qualified hospitals, veterans administration facilities and other medical institutions to foster and feeds men's and technologies that can improve patient care and save lives. we also propose to broad opportunities for market trials to provide greater opportunities for equipment manufacturers and service providers to conduct product development and market trials. the proposed rules will allow market trials to fully engage consumers so developers can better meet their needs. the notice proposes to promote greater overall experimentation by consolidating, streamlining and making target modifications to existing rules and procedures. collectively the changes in the notice will spark innovation and promote growth must experimentation.

additionally, we believe the proposals for the experimental r. dee the service will provide new opportunities for innovators to examine ways time and expect from access technologies, including cognitive for opportunistic radio technologies can help address the challenge posed by the looming spectrum crunch by enabling more efficient usage of the precious spectrum resource. we'll explore these letcher themes in greater detail in the notice of inquiry which seeks to promote and facilitate wireless innovation specifically the increased on ways to man expect from a access radios and techniques can promote more intensive efficient use of spectrum. it seeks information on the development of spectrum and other dynamic spectrum sharing capabilities and techniques that can identify temporarily on used spectrum. the inquiry also requests information on how the commission can promote the development of these technologies such as establishing dynamic access radio. the court: beds and hs and spectrum management tee deployed in the future fora

licensed and unlicensed ba. additionally, the inquiry to examine whether the database access. >> for example, spectrum use of the flexible joost licenses held by the commission because licenses did not receive the necessary bids at auction and was returned bands in the rural areas or other like we used bands. the inquiry also asks the spectrum monitoring could be used to identify dynamics spectrum use. further, the increased seeks comment on spectrum used to a secondary market arrangement could employ spectrum techniques to incentivize efficient spectrum use. we note that licensees and spectrum classes already have wide latitude to enter these types of arrangements and ask whether further improvements are

made in spectrum access technologies and techniques there are additional steps the commission should take to facilitate dynamic spectrum we see or private, and arrangements. finally, the inquiry asks whether there are additional steps the commission should take to improve on line spectrum-board to facilitate use of spectrum through dynamic spectrum access technologies. we believe the proposed rule changes as well as the result of the inquiry will result in advancement of device and service is available to the american public and lead greater spectrum efficiency over the long term thereby promoting economic growth, jobs, global competitiveness and new and improved service for all americans. the office recommends adoption of the notice of proposed rulemaking and the notice of inquiry and we request editorial privileges. thank you. >> thank you for a much. commissioner copps? >> thank you. today's meeting is all about maximizing the power and the

opportunity and the efficiency of the public spectrum resources and the demand for spectrum as we have said it has never been greater and we know that the laws of physics present us from being able to create more of this finite resource. that said even as we look to free of existing spectrum to meet the needs for the wireless broadband, we can and should explore ways to make more dynamic and opportunistic use of the spectrum that we have. given the technology breakthroughs, i have been privileged to witness over nearly a decade here the commission. i am a strong believer in the creative power of spectrum engineers and innovators, both inside and outside the embassy. to help us use our spectrum resource more intensively and efficiently. we need to hear from these experts as we move forward without notice of inquiry became sure we have a complete picture of the dynamic spectrum access tools available and doing what we can to encourage the the filament and use. we also propose today much-needed improvements to our

system for spectrum experimentation and the support of this of proposed rulemaking. many of you have heard my not infrequent exhortations on the need to do more to encourage research and development in this country in order to ensure america is going forward with global competitiveness. today we make some concrete proposals to the advance on that front. we propose to broaden experimental research authorizations for qualified academic and research institutions to afford them greater opportunities to design and implement experiments without the burdens of getting pre-approval each and every time. in a similar vein, they seek to create imitation for experimentation that would allow innovators flexibility to conduct and modify their experiment. nowhere is a potential for our ostentation more exciting than the area of promoting advance in health care technology. the mobility to paralyze lines are creating advanced bodies of networks. we therefore propose to create a medical the experimental program

for hospitals and other health care institutions supervised in conjunction with the u.s. food and drug administration. over the years our experimental review service program has been a tool and innovators used to. the court: new excitif which are not taken for gr. the rules proposed today look to build upon that one additional comment mentioned the utilization of the secondary markets techniques or procedures here and i look forward to a record on that and i would hope that as part of that we would compile the record we have here and just to see overall i would like to have a feel for how the secondary markets have served the goals we have here the commission to what extent they are leading the potential we believe they have and i think as we design the future we need to

understand exactly where we are with regard to the procedures be put in place some years ago. thank you, again to the excellent team, and ruth you mentioned innovations and we have our innovations right here at the fcc and we are proud of that so i look forward to working with you and all of my distinguished colleagues to bring these proceedings to a sound and expeditious proceeding because we can benefit from such actions and regain competitiveness and that translates into jobs in the global economy. thank you. >> thank you very much. commissioner mcdowell. >> i'm delighted to support these today and i do want to thank the teams at the oet and the people at the table today. we know that none of this would be possible without their dedication and talent and the

work has been fantastic. the american wireless marketplace is dynamic and explosive. it is a world leader in innovation and competition and certainly offers one of the brightest rates of growth and opportunity in the american economy. given the context and pleased we are starting to do the heavy lifting today to undertake linker term spectrum planning. as always i look forward to working with chairman schakowsky and all of my colleagues to begin the process of more spectrums into the hands of american consumers. the notice of proposed rulemaking today seeks comments on new ideas to promote innovation and efficiency in the picture in use in our part 5x for mittal radio service rules. it's a wonderful example of success as evidenced by the variety of new technologies begun as experiments and subsequently deployed this valuable service relied upon by american consumers every day.

these include personal communication service, communications and new life changing decisis just to name a few. of an overarching matter, and abu were updated rules will lead here to the commission's more recent flexible use policy. old-style command and control and prescriptive rules not only hampered creative entrepreneurs in the best position to understand and satisfy demand, because spectral efficiency as well. with respect to the notice of inquiry regarding ways to encourage dynamic spectrum use, i have long emphasized that spectrum efficiency and seeking new ideas for dynamic uses are crucial in light of the reality is shaping america's wireless future. when it comes to resolving the spectrum crunch issue in practical terms, even if we could identify 500 megahertz of quality spectrum to reallocate

today, the better part of a decade would pass by before we could write proposed rules and began plans and analyze public comment, adopt rules, hold an auction, collect a proceed, clear the band and watch the carriers filled out and then turn on their networks for their customers. so in the meantime, helping innovators create and deploy new technology to enhance doherty efficient use of the airwaves has to be a top priority for all of us. while we sort through the complex issues associated with free in that spectrum for the longer term, i look forward to learning more about technology that will allow wireless providers to take better advantage of the immediate fix is already available in the marketplace. these include more robust to deployment of enhanced antenna systems, improved development testing and rule lot of creative technology such as cognizant

radios and heightened consideration of the use of tinto cells. by the raiders a terrific article outlining these in the washington post. each of these options augment capacity and coverage which is especially important for the dutch and most immediate transmissions. we are at the very beginning of what will surely be a lengthy and complicated process. i look forward to giving these and other issues the careful and thoughtful consideration they deserve and i thank the chairman for bringing these issues today. >> commissioner clyburn. >> thank if promoting the policies put forth in these items. if our nation wants to compete more effectively, we must encourage greater research and development and more efficient spectrum use. such is not only necessary for the advancement of monumental innovations such as the internet and the world wide web, but it is also important to the success

of individual businesses and our overall national economy. a white house study conducted in september to those in mind found research and development is one of the most important pillars in building a foundation for an economy that is to create jobs and job sustainable growth. all of the initiatives in the experimental license npr and encourage greater r&d which will enable individual entities to do more with their experimental authorizations, facilitate collaboration among industry and academics and streamline rules. the two initiatives i find particularly noteworthy are the research and medical program experimental radio licenses. universities and nonprofit research institutions have proven they deserve the enhanced experimental authorization, deduce oversight and streamlined application process the research program license would give. for example, using experimental

licensees, research institutions have not only developed ultrafast one gigabit per second research and educational broadband networks, but have also demonstrated public service leadership by advocating we help those condemned his work networks to anchor institutions in low-income communities. this recommendation can lead to important short-term and long-term economic benefits. community connection projects are by their nature job intensive so connecting these research and education networks through low-income communities can lead to immediate job creation and investment opportunities. for instance, rutgers university reports that the global environment for network innovations project which involves 29 universities, has created hundreds of jobs in new jersey alone. the national broadband plan also explains how case western

university, project to connect is ultrafast one gigabit network to homes, schools, libraries and museums and in a low-income community in cleveland, ohio, is creating jobs. this project is also leading to software development, for environmental efficiency, health and many of the rot locations. these are just a few of samples when we should do as much as we can as quickly as we can to encourage universities and research institutions to engage in more research development of communications technologies. designing the medical program experimental authorization to promote more facilities for new wireless medical devices to speed the development of important achievements in health care. i thank the food and john get a ministration and american society for health care engineering for collaborating on this initiative. the item encourages researchers and physicians to work with

veterans facilities and military services only in the development of the new devices i am pleased to see. a wounded four years have made great sacrifice in our nation and we owe it to them to create an environment that can lead to faster medical breakthroughs and help them make the best of their return to civilian life. the medical program experimental license could also accelerate innovations in telemedicine to further and power those doctors and patients. advances in the video technology and medical brought banaa applications are allowing physicians to collaborate with colleagues across the globe in real time on difficult cases. for those suffering from long-term and chronic illnesses, the most patient monitoring offer greater mobility and independence. our agency should continue to promote technologies and policies that will give those in

greatest need of medical care more flexibility in finding the right treatment for them. the scholarship in today's notice of inquiry on dynamic spectrum use technology also serves a proper message that we must encourage more efficient use of spectrum. the notice recognizes that to best advance the technologies, the commission must have a understanding of how the various parts of the spectrum are being used today. the items detailed technical questions to ensure that we have a comprehensive record of the latest developments and dynamic spectrum technologies and promoting flexible use policies such as leasing of license spectrum through the secondary market, the notice presents a cogent analysis of the possible techniques our policies already permit. i think doug, julieanna, one of

my favorites hamandiyah thir technology evangelists in the office of engineering and technology, the office of general counsel, another favorite, and the wireless telecommunications bureau, again, another favorite, for their hard work on these items. thank you. >> thank you very much. commissioner maker. >> thanks, mr. chairman. everybody's my favorite, too. [laughter] this holiday season kicks off a new cycle of fundamental change in the wireless device market. consumers everywhere, especially in my house, are choosing new powerful smart phones. the reports by smart phone sales grew 96% from the third quarter last year and project smart phones accounting for 30% of overall mobile phone subscriptions by the fourth quarter of 2010 in the united states. more than tablets the views hundreds of times more data than even the most advanced smart phones may well be the stars of this year's giving season.

in fact, yesterday's wall street journal cites a recent change wait research survey that found that 9% of holiday shoppers plan to buy and i had in the next 90 days. i've already got mine. i have little doubt that with the smart phone or tablets these devices will challenge networks as much as the would like their owners. i am convinced there are efforts to find additional spectrum to power these devices and all of those that are going to follow constitute only half the battle to meet the dramatically exploding needs of this country's wireless consumers. we also must promote greater innovation to help use the spectrum we have today and the spectrum that we allocate to mauro as efficiently as possible. the two items we are considering today are a good place to start, in fact, the innovation they will support me will provide the tools we will need to unlock the full potential in the tv broadcast bands. ..

across the country by reducing the time will take to get new devices to market. have also contained the leadership and development of wireless technologies, applications and services. the spectrum assets is that they may need to be a key technological advance that can substantially improve the way spectrum is used for both commercial and noncommercial services. it is an area that the department of defense has shown great leadership and innovation

over the years. however, it has proven difficult to apply the research and development in the area of dynamic spectrum assets to commercial radio systems. technical issues have been too complex and costs a bit too high. it is my hope that initially be an ally dynamic spectrum access, we can focus our collective attention on what it will take to overcome these challenges. if we are successful, dynamic spectrum, access technologies could be one of the go to tools operators can rely on to more efficiently manage their commercial spectrum resources. coupled with an indian spectrum dashboard and potentially other ways to get information available to spectrum -- to prospective users, dynamic spectrum access my post or secondary markets short-term or spot factoring transactions, which is another potentially useful way to manage congestion. so i join in thanking the army of people that worked on this.

you guys are great. he did this in an innovative and rapid way and we are grateful to you. >> thank you, commissioner baker. i have to say those were as excellent a set of statements as i remember and i think to the team i would say that you brought up the enthusiastic geek in all of us. and also, the shared commitment that we have is each of the commissioners and staff, with respect to her fundamental responsibilities when it comes despite, recognizing how important that is, how important the opportunity is both on the economic side, on the house side and i couldn't be more appreciated of the work on this. and i particularly enjoyed the interactions of the team, as you know, as we've developed these items. we are a commission that is committed to a robust spectrum agenda. we've been working hard at this for quite some time.

earlier this year, thanks to some of the people on the panel right now, we've unleashed spectro or covert spectrum are freed up spectrum of the 25 megahertz. we took an important step that i'm looking forward to concluding with respect to bringing additional flexibility to mobile satellite service spectrum, additional megahertz. we for the first time in 25 years freed up spectrum below five gigahertz for a mice used, launching a new platform for innovation that we hope will lead to new products and services, as significant as wi-fi, which is one of the innovations that came out of the last major increase release of unlicensed spectrum. what we've been calling super wi-fi, one of the applications that we expect to see coming from her newly released white space spectrum has been helped

and accelerated by fcc experimental license. so let me address the first of the two items that she presented. wi-fi, super wi-fi, new potentially life-saving anti-coalition system and cars. you may have seen the tv ads. this technology requires spectrum and it was developed using an fcc experimental license. preferred that experimental licenses have also played an essential role in the development of life-saving medical devices. i'm very pleased that today we take concrete steps to improve and expand our experimental licensing program. we're proposing, for example, to ease testing restrictions on universities, resource organizations and other institutions that are developing new services and devices to utilize spectrum. we propose innovations on licenses. we propose a new program to speed the development of new

health-related devices that rely on spectrum. one of the most exciting areas for investment in innovation and for improving health care and health care costs. our goal is to accelerate innovation through experimental licensing to reduce the time for idea to get from the lab to the market. and more expensive experiment from the licensing program would also hope the fcc make smarter, faster decisions, particularly with interference issues, like giving up on the ground intelligence on interference questions and insights into the development of new cutting-edge technology. encouraging research and development is vital to our objective of making the u.s. the spawning ground globally for the great technological advances of tomorrow, past advances in technology such as cellular networks and digital transition techniques have led to vastly

efficient vastly improved efficiency and effectiveness. consistent with their focus on maximizing efficient use of spectrum, were also beginning in inquiry on how we can export the technology fischer's spectrum dynamically. today's spectrum that is allocated to the title during time periods where they are not using the geographic locations. it doesn't make sense given the growing demand on spectrum. the goal for this proceeding is to be a vehicle for identifying steps we can take to unleash an accelerate new spectrum efficiency policies and technology. just an idea, for example, to jumpstart farkas for dynamic spectrum access. femto cells has been mentioned. he's bob spectrum sales and transaction. i'm interested how we can encourage spectrum is, building on our integrated spectrum dashboard and concretely facilitating opportunistic

spectrum uses with him for starting to call auxiliary spectrum uses. historically, the u.s. has let the world inspect term policy innovation. auctions are one example. auctions of licensed spectrum and release of unlicensed part time. those are two key examples of groundbreaking spectrum policy innovation that was developed and implemented in the united states. i believe incentive options vary your major spectrum policy of innovation. and i'd like to set a goal for this proceeding that it lead to yet another historically significant spectrum policy innovation. i'd like to call for broad participation in helping us meet that goal. from all the stakeholders who have an interest in seeing that succeeds, traditional innovators who have participated in our

processes, but also a new generation of innovators who are looking up spectrum for the first time as a platform for the next generation of innovative technologies, consumer products, medical products, consumer products, et cetera. i don't assume that the models and policies used today are those that will make the most sense tomorrow, especially given the rapidly evolving technologies, both involving dynamic information-based market and involving spectrum devices. the opportunities not only for development of new spectrum efficient policies, as important as that is, but also for us to help spur the development of new spectrum efficient technologies and products. which we would like to see developed, perfect dad, launched here in the united states in the next to the rest of the world. the spectrum proceedings today are also vital parts of ensuring that the u.s. leads the world of mobile and the 21st century,

putting economic growth, job creation in our global competitor. julie, you mentioned as you are reciting the names of the people who participated and helped develop these items, that was done with a little bit of help from our friends. yes, the deals are in itunes, now available on the ipod overall purchasing and other tablets as well. but i do want to thank all of his staff who have worked on this from the wireless 080180 gc and everyone else, others have mentioned doug sicker. i don't know if doug is in the room. doug is our relatively new cto. now for a few months. on travel, but fulfilling his role in exactly the way we would hope, coming in from the outside, spurring new thinking, being abridged to new engineers,

other technologies outside the commission. so again, i'm enthusiastic, as we all are, about the direction launched by these proceedings and i look forward to working with my colleagues, to working with all of you, to turn these ideas into a major policy innovation for our country and seeing the next wave of innovative products for lying. so again, thank you. unless there is any more discussion, let's proceed to a vote on each of the items. we'll take two votes. on the first item, the experimental licensing item, all is in favor say aye. all the supposed coming may. the request for editorial privileges is granted. on the second item for opportunistic use, all those in favor say aye. all those opposed, say nay. aye has it. request for privileges granted.

thank you very much. madam secretary? >> mr. chairman and commissioners, the final item on your agenda is a presentation with an overview of the 21st century communication to the video extensibility act, the implementation plan and a demonstration of accessibility technologies. >> good morning, mr. chairman and commissioners. today you're going to hear from the consumer and governmental affairs are up about a major new initiative, the 21st century to medications and video accessibility act takes historic steps to improve communications access for people with disabilities and the fcc has the major responsibility for

implementing the fact. this fact will do more for the communications needs and the people with disabilities then and a lot since the 1996 amendments to the communications act. in addition to ensuring full by then accessible so accessibility gaps that were left by earlier disability laws. the national broadband plan recommended this kind of legislation and we are now implementing the recommendation. we are fortunate to have two national leaders in the field in the consumer. to lead this effort. great lie about disney chief of the disability rights office, housed in the consumer bureau. great began his career as an activist at gallaudet university, where he successfully led the student movement for a president. he has served as an attorney and dro for nearly a decade and we are very pleased that unlv that office. karen paul strauss, rejoin the commission earlier this year as deputy chief of the consumer and governmental affairs bureau, with a special focus on disability rights.

she has been a leading national advocate in this field and literally wrote the book. it's a book titled the new civil right that chronicles the legal effort to provide better communications access for people with disabilities. trimble describe the acts requirements and the commission's implementation plans and then larry goldberg, who joins us from wbgh and boston. i want to thank everyone on the commission for the hard work they've already begun to implement this new law. in implementing the fact in any other work that we're doing on disability rights issued -- issues, we are joined by every other bureau in several offices of the fcc. we're grateful and very appreciative for their collaboration and work on these issues. and i'd like to turn too great to begin the presentation. >> thank you, chairman genachowski, commissioners and jewel. it is really a pleasure for me to appear here today and my new

role as chief at the facility rights office. we can go ahead and begin the slides, thank you. twenty-first century act was passed by congress to update our nation's telecommunications protections for people with disabilities. this act followed a string of lies passed in the 1980s and 1990s. those laws were designed to ensure that telephone and television access -- excuse me, services would be acceptable to all americans with disabilities, but these were not able to keep up with the technological changes that our society has witnessed over the past decade. this new law contains groundbreaking protection to enable people with disabilities

to access broadband, digital and mobile innovations. the emerging 21st century tech ologies, for which it is named. there are approximately 36 million and hard of hearing americans, 25 million would be shallots. in 2009 the study conducted by the sec revealed that people with disabilities are less likely to use internet-based communication. 65% of americans have broadband at home, but only 42% of americans with disabilities have the services. this gap is due in part to barriers that people with disabilities can find when using the internet.

it is for this reason that the national broadband plan adopted by the commission in march of this year recommended that congress and the fcc modernize accessibility laws to keep pace with broadband technology. the new law enables us to fulfill this recommendation. [inaudible] >> -- for me to be here today to talk about the accessibility of legislation. for people with disabilities, broadband digital technologies can provide wonderful new opportunities for greater independence and social integration, but only if these innovations have designed to be successful. the 21st century act will provide tools that these people need to better participate and employment, education and civic life. it will also encourage

innovation and competition across the communication and video programming industries as companies strive to compete for new market shares within the disability community. the act is divided into two titles. the first, which addresses communications access x expands upon section 255 of the communications act to make private services fully access. this improves voip offerings, electronic messaging and interoperable video conferencing. in addition, this section requires internet browsers on smartphones and other mobile devices such as those discussed earlier is this morning to be accessible by people who are poor and are visually impaired so that these persons can use devices to find online information, local services for news in the same way that sighted people can. manufacturers and service providers may fulfill this obligation to either integrated or external hardware or software

solutions. it also approves smartphones and other mobile devices to be compatible with hearing aids. it also updates the relay services and requires all voip providers to contribute to telecommunications fund. in addition the new law authorizes funding to distribute telecommunications equipment people both and blind. the first time ever that federal policy has addressed the communication need of these individuals. finally, this a lot -- a lot this title gives the fcc to make sure that people with disabilities are able to use the next generation of 9-1-1 emergency services. title i also directs the commission to create a clearinghouse of accessible products and services. it directs us to improve the sec's complaint procedures as well, so that people with disabilities can bring their concerns to our attention more easily. we will also have to be submitting biannual reports to

congress that report on are in compliance with the active accessibility of of new communication technologies. and every five years, the comptroller general of the report to congress on how well we have complied with and enforce this new life. title ii of the 21st century act breaks new ground to make it easier for people with disabilities to view video programming on television in the internet. first, the section directs the commission to adopt rules requiring video description of 50 hours of programming per week on each of the top four broadcast networks on the top five cable networks. this technology uses innovation to enable blind and visually impaired people to understand the visual elements of a program during the audio track. this title also requires that program shown on television with captions continue to include those captions when every shot on the internet. most importantly, title ii requires emergency information

on television to be provided in a manner that is accessible to people who are blind and visually impaired. until now, emergency information embraced into regular scheduled television shows only appears in a crawl on the bottom of the tv screen, which of course blind people cannot read. these people ensure they have access to this critical information. title ii contains provisions to capture devices beyond standard television sets. video devices of all screens sizes, including computers and smartphones will not be required to display closed captions of achievable is again making use of the new technologies we talked about this morning. legislation also makes it easier for people who are or blind to use newer video devices as they are developed. for people if you're a mosque in of these devices have to include buttons, keys or icons to make

it easier for users to use captions, to activate captions and for people who are blind or visually impaired, the actual make it possible to navigate the controls on their tvs and dvr's, including controls for changing channels, accessing video descriptions and exploring onscreen programming guides and menus. right now, these on-screen controls are virtually impossible to use without sight. in the short time since the law passage, the commission has sought feedback on the act provisions dealing with advanced communications services, curing and compatibility, national blind equipment distribution program and the two advisory committees that we must create to meet our obligations. the first of these committees is a video program and emergency access committee, which will address various requirements for captioning, video description and emergency access.

the second is the emergency access advisory committee, which will work to ensure access to next-generation 9-1-1 services. the final slide show some of the statutes implementation deadlines. in 2011, will promulgate rules on the blind equipment distribution program, advanced medication services, hearing a cabal of good and various relay service modification. this will be followed in 2012 with rules requiring close captioning on certain internet programs and close captioning capability on video devices. finally, in 2013 primo issue several orders to make a medications can't video programming and emergency access on television more accessible to people who are blind and visually impaired. there is a lot to be done, but we are very energized the challenges ahead. the new law is unprecedented in its capacity to offer new communication tools that people with disabilities need to live

independent, productive lives. we thank the various bureaus throughout the commission said it agreed to work on the rulemaking now before us and look forward to collaborating with consumers and industries to implement this new law. and now i present to you, larry goldberg, direct your paths wbgh's national center for accessible media in boston. paths wbgh's national center for accessible media in boston. and a wbgh have been for accessible media in boston. and wbgh have been leaders in programming technologies for the past several decades. larry will demonstrate these accessibility solutions that will become more widely available as a result of this landmark legislation. thank you. >> thank you, mr. chairman, commissioners, joel, sharing and great for sharing these technologies that are available today and will be promoted and required by the new act. most of us are the really familiar with close caption. video description is lesser-known, but equally essential service used by people

with disabilities access to tv. video descriptions defined as recorded narration of key visual elements of a tv program or movie trying to fit into the gaps in dialogue and scripted to enable understanding and enjoyment of visual media by people who are blind or visually impaired here today video descriptions available in some movie theaters on dvds, online and on a very small number of television shows. here's a sample of video descriptions from wbgh's arthur. listen to the voice of the video. >> is just a silly comic work. just words and pictures. okay, here i go. macarthur takes a deep breath and hope since a comic. but the shutter he throws it into the air. >> and he's the good guy. >> powell grouse that the scary book. a strong brand comes through the

window and a grotesque bony rise through the pages. he clutches sleeping arthur and his cause instant fan. his red eyes glow. >> cut that out. >> the bunny jumps back in the boat with her attorney and in a canyon. arthur >> as increasingly complex on media components -- just a moment -- begin to proliferate over the past decade, consumers who are blind or visually impaired begin to lose the ability to control the video environment. even the ability to change channels or no appropriate assigned. but the advantage he tv, the level of complexity increased even more. r&d projects in the u.s., u.k. and elsewhere began building prototypes to enable talking menus of on-screen controls and information, including electronic program guides.

in england, the resulting technologies now available on the market. in the u.s., a grant from the department of education and a bold wbgh's international center for media to create the prototype using the open source of the tv platform. the following clip shows how a blind person can navigate an onscreen programming menu using audio prompts. >> watch tv, media library, manage recordings, schedule recordings, tv schedule, program guides, welcome to the program guide, currently a success it is 530 for who, wants to be a millionaire. to the gl news at 30:00.

[inaudible] >> finally, web surfing via mobile devices is becoming increasingly common. tv and video viewing on mobile devices is also becoming more common, especially with recent launch of the mobile dtv standards and devices that support it. in terms of access to mobile media, both blackberry and apple support closed captions on their smartphones. here's the closed captions look like i'm an iphone. >> u.s. treasury secretary henry hoffman is meeting this week in washington d.c. with chinese officials to try to reduce tensions over trade. what happens could affect business that large and small, even 500 miles away in the health of west virginia. [inaudible conversations] >> it's the playoffs.

sharon high versus focus. jericho and may be an pastime, but morris played with uniforms and equipment from somewhere else. >> thank you. those are a few of the technology is readily available today and to be deployed widely. >> excellent. thank you very much. i left comments in a minute. but if there is nothing further, i just want to make sure, commissioner copps, if you have any comment. >> is a great rapport is a group of people are obviously dedicated good and needed things happen. first of all, i want to congratulate greg in his new position. i'm thrilled that you are there. i'm thankful for everything you have already contributed to the commission i'm looking forward to the seller contributions you will make in the future, thanks to karen, one more time, for all

the wealth of experience and creativity and commitment that she brings here to troll for his outstanding leadership of the bureau. you've really got a stellar team. i want to thank the chairman for his leadership here in this regard as it seems several of our meetings we have had items and reports -- proceedings of interest to the disabilities community is. and just given at that level of attention and visibility are we all ought to be grateful to your leadership on this. thanks to larry for his reports and for all of the creative and good things you're doing there. i really wanted to hear the end of the story that you showed at the beginning. this is congress and the commission really meeting the3 this is congress and the commission really meeting their with their responsibilities,

making sure that the protections that were intended for all the previous generation are there for all of us in the digital age that wherein. it's an area where we can do so much good and create opportunity for people who really ask nothing more than a chance to be fully participating and productive members of our society. so you mention at the outset it's an historic act. it's historic opportunity. i think these have come together here now and i am thrilled to have you folks working. i'm thankful that congress has underlined the importance and given us a really substantive piece of legislation and also some timelines, which we can ignore if we wanted to, but we welcome i think some of those timelines, so that's great.

working with the disabilities community say think has been one of the highlights of my years here at the fcc and i'm also happy to see it moving ahead aggressively at this period of time. thanks to one and all. >> thank you, commissioner copps. >> thank you, commissioner angela congratulations to greg as well. i look forward to working more closely with you. and mr. goldberg, thanks so much for that presentation. i was a very informative presentation overall. and on numerous occasions, i recognize the surest path to americans continued vitality, strength and vibrancy is to realizing and enabling contributions than full potential of all of its citizens. along with my colleagues, i've worked hard to encourage the commission to do all that it can to foster the development and deployment of communication

systems that serve disabled americans and serve them all. thank you for introducing us to some of these amazing technologies that authority been created to assist people with their communication needs. i look forward to seeing more of those and learning more about them. in this field in particular, america has been a leader in producing such innovation. i look forward to working with the disabled community, with engineers, brilliant engineers. entrepreneurs, innovators and of course my colleagues, to ensure research and development continues to flourish in this arena as we implement the new act. i want to thank congress for passing that as well. as a thank you, mr. chairman. >> commissioner clybourn. >> i too would like to welcome gregory and i call you gregory because i'm not sure how to pronounce your last name. and thanks also to karen angelo

for always informing and remaining enthusiastic about an area -- a particular area we should be enthusiastic about. as the opportunity to join my colleagues when the president signed this bill into law. and i thought i had a handle on exactly. stevie wonder was there, so is incredible and a whole host of things. i thought i had a grasp on it until larry gave this presentation about the potential, about how, you know, what could now act can mean for the enhancement of individuals in terms of entertainment and other information and vital strategic information and services. i am even more at just about the potential of what we have in store for our entire nation. and i'm literally almost moved

with your potential. so thanks to all of you for your role in that and the best is yet to come. thank you. >> mr. baker. >> one of the benefits of being in my seeded psychotics of arty articulated very well both their thanks and how important a 21st century communications century communications and video accessibility act tears. the new standards that are set so americans with this bit is better take advantage of broadband, digital and mobile innovations is really meaningful it's really a much-needed step for americans and make sure that all americans can benefit from today's and tomorrow's innovations. so i look forward to seeing progress on implementation and i thank you very much for the excellent presentation. >> thank you very much. first of all, on behalf of the commission, larry goldberg, thank you for taking time to come and prepare and present the presentation. we appreciate your time and were

grateful for it. what an extraordinary team we have working on these issues. joel, you presented the background of greg and karen. you didn't present your own. joel has a background with consumer reports and helping bring consumer reports online, making it -- drive in it towards. enjoy great and karen and the others who participated in this, we have really a model of what we've been trying to build in terms of sec teams to tackle these issues. and someone like ray bly about. and greg again, i congratulate on taking over the disabilities office. we have someone who has hands-on experience in this area and is almost a decade at the sec itself. and karen, we have one of -- if

not the most prominent leaders and thinkers in the states. angelo, we have someone from the outside who was new to the commission and its processes who is bringing a new good to these. this is all extremely important. i'm very proud of this team and you have a lot of work to do as we vindicated. i do, commissioner copps, thank you for mentioning the disabilities has been and is a priority of all of us at this commission. i appreciate that. i want to acknowledge my father and inspiring land recognition of the needs and opportunities in this area. i want to acknowledge the work of congress in making these ideas, putting them into a

landmark law. it was a bipartisan effort that included the following members of the house and senate. there were others with congressman markey and senator pryor, chairman waxman, represented turkmens and hodgman, chairman boucher kerry, representative stearns, senator and then. it was a -- an important effort that sets for us now a buyer at the commission that we are taking very seriously. the law means nothing unless we implement it. we have been working on it, karen come as he vindicated. first and the broadband plan. we made access by people with disabilities a priority and in fact discussed, supported and endorsed to the provisions that became law in the broadband plan. for moving on implementation. and let me just point out one

reason why this is so important. one of the challenges in this space historically a man that the idea of making technologies accessible to people with disabilities has often come well after the development design go to market stage of a product. and when that happens, it's very difficult. it's very difficult for everyone involved. duval participated in meetings and it would be good at this type ologies had the feature that would make it accessible to millions of people who are disabled. the retrofitting will be expensive and will take a lot of time. and so it is so important about the energy in early focus of this team is that it increases the chances that our rules are worked with industry that can happen at a stage, where the cost to making technology

accessible as is required is vastly reduced and so that we can altogether accomplish more faster. and so, that's why i'm so pleased with the presentation given today. i'm pleased that since the adoption of the law, we've issued several notices. and i know you've conducted many meanings, do a lot of outreach to move the ball. we'll be making an announcement very soon with respect to advisory committees that the latter requires. one is an advisory committee on access to many other video video programming. we have a lot of work to do to meet the deadlines in the accessible remain an ongoing priority. one because it's inherent important and too because of the value we command by moving quickly and engaging with innovators, manufacturers and others early in the rollout of new technology. this does not require a foe.

i will simply thank everyone again very much on behalf of all of us on the commission. with that, you are free to go. i think were going to conclude the meeting. i have one announcement. please, go ahead. [inaudible] >> -- for the last six days and nights because our friend josh cinelli and his wife, hannah, became parents the day before thanksgiving and we joined in their joy and welcoming azriel child cinelli, who was born last wednesday. so is a wonderful thanksgiving there. and josh reports the answer is sleeping well and eating well and then josh and hannah spend most of their time just deliriously staring at this wonderful little boy that they have created. so we are very happy for him.

>> i don't have an announcement, but thank you for the second. i have an opportunity to attend a global symposium for regulation map on the go. the only regret i have is that that prevented me from attending nehru. and i say that, but i'm not sure of my colleagues miss me because my colleague, commissioner copps did such a wonderful job with cherry and a joint boards and conferences. i want to publicly thank you for that. i heard you and at the meeting on time. it's going to be difficult for me to return as they're going to have that expectation they will get it. so seriously, i want to thank you for stepping and doing such a marvelous job. thank you. i appreciate it. >> thank you, commissioner

clyburn. >> first of all, i did get to go to iraq. i was very pleased to do that. there is polycom since we have commissioner cliburn, you end sharon as well. i do want to thank commissioner copps and will you do in the joint board. mr. mcdowell, commissioner baker, commissioner mcdowell, your turn will come. but it's a very important part of what we do. federal state regulations are important. it does take a lot of work and i thank and acknowledge the three of you for doing that. and it's good to me to see the person in atlanta. let me take this moment to say goodbye to a very valuable member of our team who is leaving the commission phoebe yacht. if cbs here i know i've

embarrassed her. you know, we all took a break last week to say thanks for the many things we all have to be grateful for. one of the things that i personally -- i know we're all very grateful for this to have had phoebe as a member of our fcc team. since last summer, cbs served as a senior adviser for broadband. she's one of the key architects of the national broadband plan, a model for strategic planning for a nation in the world. when we release the national broadband plan, we said that's when the real plan begins. and phoebe has banned them in person leaving the plan's implementation since its release, establishing an ambitious action agenda, managing its execution. cb, you've done an outstanding

job, working not only with each of our bureaus and offices to drive initiatives like modernizing the rate and our rural health program, but also partners across government to ensure that the full panoply of recommendations in the plan get the attention and focus they deserve. we could not have made the progress we've made on broadband without phoebe. it's critical to have a key member of the broadband team stay on task february, drive implementation of the plan, working as a side with the bureaus and offices with my office and with each of our offices on the eighth floor. cb brought to the job a remarkable combination of skills, broad strategic thinking, effective management. cb, i know you'll thrive in your opinion is that your where you continue to work on education and other issues. we've all benefited great we

premiere extraordinary talents and abilities. we've learned from her integrity, or teambuilding. we will miss you on behalf of about the commission, and thank you for your service and we wish you well. [applause] i know i speak on behalf of all commissioners and thanking phoebe. and let back on madam secretary, would you please announce the date of the next fcc meeting. >> the next fcc meeting will be tuesday, december 21, 2010. >> thank you. we are adjourned. [inaudible conversations]

stimac [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] >> all right. we're going to get started. all right, paul. >> re: the first ave. doublet today, as you know, it talks about a voluntary reallocation.

they're still been a lot of skepticism amongst some broadcasters about whether this will work in practice, whether the technology will allow it. can you address their continued skepticism over this plan? >> well, the incentive options, voluntary incentive options are very important for the reasons i talked about a meeting today. we're facing a real spectrum crunch. you've heard me in the past talk about the numbers, the gap between the supply of spectrum we have coming online. about two and a half we have now as against the demand increase that we project over the next five years, 35 acts. and i feel very strongly that the incentive option idea is a very important policy innovation , that is essential to bring market forces to the use of broadcast back to rome, to free up spectrum, gives broadcasters option analogy, as

you said. and i'm very pleased that we started the preceding today to lay the groundwork for incentive options, which i hope congress will address in the near future. >> we have takers in the market -- the large market where you'll need spectrum for wireless broadband? >> well, i believe we would. i think that is the beauty of bringing market forces into the use of the spectrum. we'll add market forces, helped decide how to make sure that spectrum is used in the most efficient way in the future, how it is put to its highest and best use for our country, especially in an area of mobile broadband has failed to our global >> hi, chairman. paul gallant, dna. regarding the same id. the steps the sec proposes to

take would presumably open the door to the scene. assuming there is a delay on the hill, would a leasing framework be amenable at all as a plan b? >> work, two points. one is in general, spectrum flexibility smart policy. but there is something that is important in thinking about the product and spectra and the historical way in which it was allocated as against the direction that spectrum allocations have gone. and what is important to unlock the value of spectrum for the future. the broadcast spectrum originally was allocated in six megahertz chunks, like a checkerboard across the country with steps between a period where we hope to do as part of an incentive process is recover up to 120 megahertz spectrum and then work to reconfigure the

broadcast spectrum so we can free up significant continuous blocks of spectrum, which is what is most needed by mobile broadband, by current and next-generation for gtech elegies. so leasing, in general, before spectrum possibilities that would consider all options to conceive spectrum possibilities, but it doesn't come close to providing the same benefit to the public as the incentive option model and making sure that we have contiguous blocks of spectrum for mobile broadband. that is what other countries are and will focus on. we have to find ways to free a continuous blocks of spectrum in the united states. >> hi, katy bachman, media week. this is a simple question.

how long to expect the comment. to be. and second, how would that affect the timing? obviously this is very dependent on congress doing something. so, when do you expect congress to take something like this up and how do you like your chances that they will? >> so, the comment. it sells -- at november the comment period, bill or someone can answer that question. what is driving our action today -- what is driving our action today was the time pressure that we feel to get out in front of the spectrum crunch. and so, the importance of laying the groundwork at the commission to be able to move quickly, should congress authorized incentive options, we also believe the record that we will collect as part of this will be helpful as a resource to

congress as they consider the possibility. i think this is something that has been bipartisan. it should be bipartisan. you see a broad consensus on the commission itself. and so, i'm looking forward to being a resource to congress on this and i'll continue to emphasize how important this is for the country. one other point i would make is like other infrastructure issues, if you wait until there is a crisis, it's a serious problem because it takes a substantial amount of time to go through the process of running option, reallocating spectrum, et cetera. that's why we started today. it's also why we took up the other items. complementary and there really there really an ongoing part of our spectrum agenda. we do need to recover a

substantial amount of spectrum for flexible use and mobile broadband. we also need to foster, spar, incentivize, facilitate, drive the next generation of spectrum policies and technologies that will lead to even greater spectrum efficiency and take advantage of cutting-edge technologies that allow for dynamic uses of spectrum. >> when you say this to be a resource for congress, do you mean to say that this sort of makes it easier for them to say okay, let's go ahead and do this? i mean, we've all sort of done the work and that the groundwork. >> that's not what i meant. i meant the information we gather and the information that were already gathering, our work on this at the expert agency, we look forward to being in a resource to congress on this issue. and so, the ongoing proactive work that we're doing a is

designed both to make sure we can move quickly if and when legislation is adopted and also to make sure we're in a position to be an effective resource to congress as we have been it will be. >> so congress doesn't do anything, then what? [inaudible] >> either question. hi, chairman. can you tell us about your commitment to net neutrality and whether you are committed to doing it at the next meeting and doing it with a request by broadband? >> you know, we just came out of the meeting focused on important implementing the new love with people with disabilities. i know that there's interest in the alternate internet topic, but i'm not going to address it until we have something to

announce. >> thank you. >> i just wondered if you were completing comcast interview and if that's even possible to take up that neutrality in december. >> you know, we haven't talked and i don't have comment on the timetable for reviewing the transaction. it's an important obligation to review it thoroughly and were in the process of that. >> did you want more information about the level threes complaint against comcast? >> you know, that is no information. as you know, the premature, not in the facts are we looking into it. >> but you are looking into a? okay, thanks. >> would it be possible for the sec took at the national broadband plan under title i net neutrality order? >> when we have something to announce on that, we'll let you know. >> commissioner mcdowell has mentioned way the strengths and

weaknesses of channel sharing and repacking with respect to the tv broadcast spectrum versus i believe the words used are keeping broadband and broadcast interwoven. what do you think about that and that kind of position with regard to the notice was issued today? >> all a commissioner mcdowell respond to any questions you might have about what he said. the plan for incentive options doesn't assume that all over the air broadcast spectrum goes away. the plan that was outlined in the national broadband plan looks at about 300 megahertz of spectrum that are allocated to broadcasting in every market and sets a goal of recovering up to 120. so under this scenario that we're anticipating will continue to be a vibrant over the air broadcasting. and so, thinking about all the way you heard from various

commissioners about the future over the air broadcasting. as part of the proceeding, something we will look into. i don't see it as an either/or. i see it as above. >> all of my questions were asked. >> tom shields, bloomberg news. some people look at the pattern of meetings in your office on the net neutrality proceedings, saying your strike an opposing deal with at&t and other big carriers. what do you say to that? >> well, i'm part of the process we've run on the commission. it's been a participatory process, engaging with the broadest possible array of stakeholders. thanks, everyone. have a good day.

>> former president jimmy carter spoke about his time in the white house. his new book is white house tire which he wrote from his four years in the oval office. the event is held in the lincoln theatre and is organized by smithsonian associates.

[laughter] >> mr. carter, i bet that never gets old. >> no it's not. thank you very much. >> it's great to have you with us. and as claudine mentioned, one of the stunning things about this book as you go through it is how many of the issues you had to wrestle with are still on our plate today, whether it's the price of oil, shockingly bailing out chrysler again. as we remember the controversy that accompany did when you had to do it, what is going to happen to the west bank. it was solved now it's gone. iran, afghanistan, everything that's old is new again. ..

roi that i had to address the source told verso that is one of the reasons i wanted to write the book putative second, i was so wise to reading it over health frank and unadulterated the comments were about

individuals and about things i had to face in the future or looking back, we're i think i made mistakes, and i thought it would be the unique -- i use that word carefully -- picture of with the presidency is from the point of view of someone holding the office. i hadn't been in politics very long and i had just -- i was 30-years-old before it ran for office. i served in the navy and when i got to the white house, i'd never been to washington before. so i thought it was a good thing it may be for folks who know him just what a president thinks about when he's confronted with all the multiple opportunities and challenges and successes and happiness and mcslarrow sometimes when and sometimes regret and sometimes think fullness, and so i wanted to have it just the way it was, and

i had over 20 volumes of dalia notes, more than 5,000 pages of dalia the notes and i cut it down by about 80%. [laughter] which insure people find a book in full i'm here. after a year goes by i'm going to let the entire even with fifth typos be available to news reporters and maybe biographers to look out without changing it. >> you may have cut it down but we still know what he got rosalynn for her birthday in '78. [laughter] we are sitting in a city where people who hate each other's guts refer to each other as my good friend. in the pages of your ty cherry people are described as a jerk, and yet, nut.

some of them are still alive, most of them are not but you're still alive, and usually these kind of frank comments only come out after a person is no longer around to be felt badly of. >> understand that, and most of those cases i refer to someone later on i got to know them and they became friends and i have some counterproductive contradictory statements of a beneficial nature, and when i did refer to someone with a deleterious remark i put in an explanation and modern-day language of why i fought so and that person redeemed so i dictated on a little handheld tape recorder seven or eight times a day when i was in the white house and when some what leave my office or i had an

experience i thought would not be published that where everything is published my foot wouldn't be in the public documents that's when i dictated it and my secretary leader on what type them up and i never read any of them until i got home and then on was a as i said amazed at how many there were and amazed at how frank. [laughter] >> well, the reminder also of a particular time in history to the eyes of obviously a central player, but you had a [inaudible] jim callahan and margaret thatcher, some pretty hefty names of modern history, and omar maybe not as the other people in named but somebody you

had to deal with when figuring out how to settle the 100-year-old challenge of the panama canal. >> that was the most difficult issue i would face. it was more difficult for me to get 67 votes to proved very unpopular treaties them to be elected president in the first place. and i think that the vote of the senate it was a right to vote was the most courageous act any member of the congress has ever taken. just one quick statistics of the 20 people who voted for the treaty in the senate, in 1978 there were up for reelection in that year. of the 20, only seven came back to the senate the next january and the attrition rate leader in 1980 was almost equal to that but was the right thing to do and it ev be added tension that had been building up but in the united states and the latin-american countries even since the late sessions of the

eisenhower administration. >> so it sounds like you feel that decision has aged well now but we are into the 21st century. >> people were saying that they were incompetent, drug addicts, they couldn't handle the canal before a couple of years went by. as a matter of fact the income last year was five times as great as it was at the end of 2000, and now they are doubling the capacity of the canal. one of the remarkable things about it is it changed from socialism to free enterprise. when the united states owned it, it was a socialism effort because it was owned and operated by the government but when we gave it to them they needed a free enterprise system so re-enter poised at when we hit socialism. >> i think you just got your head line for tonight's event. [laughter]

>> dominating the stage is also are the road to camp david in some of these notes or jot in this town you are pretty deep. >> when i became president within a week i was already working on a piece in the middle east because for the last 30 years i would say the number one foreign policy that i had and commitment was to bring peace to israel and israel's the five neighbors, and i realized that when i became president could then for force in the previous 25 years against israel led by a -- it was only arab country with enough to challenge israel, and i wanted to bring peace between israel and egypt. that was my freedom and gold. the secondary goal which i worked on was to bring justice to the palestinians so those are the two issues that were based

in camp david and we left camp david believe in that we had completely resolved both issues. the treaty was signed now 31 and a half years ago and not a single word has ever been violated in those years between israel and egypt. unfortunately though the commitments made to turn palestine territory has not been carried out. one of the issues the world faces today has and establishing some sort of palestinian entity on former jordanian land in the west bank become even more difficult in the intervening years now but there are hundreds of thousands of israeli citizens? >> yes there's about 300,000 israelis now living in palestinian land, and israel was still occupying territory that belongs to the polis indians, but belongs to the syrians and

also some small portions of lebanon, so the basic issue that has changed is then the desire israel to retain a good bit of that land on a permanent basis whereas when i became president the presumption was israel would withdraw from territories and that was a commitment of the united nations resolution 242 and signed the camp david agreement that said 240 to avoid completely to the territory the occupied the that is what's changed and that is what the challenge is that president obama has to face and bring the reconciliation. >> the same sort of like difficulty that seems to be driving you to your wits and the late 70's are very much present today. partners that don't seem to talk to each other but talk past each other, partners that tell the

united states one thing and that's not on who just one side of the location either, that's on all sides. can you see a good end to this in the near term? >> i can envision. i can't say i predict. they had this at the top priority ever since i left the white house. we've maintained full-time offices in jerusalem and the mall and the west bank and also in gaza inigo for their often. i just came back from secretary of lease and whenever i go to a foreign area of the world that's any sort of contention i always make sure i get permission because i don't want to inject myself in a way that might be better fitting to the incoming president so i always let them know i'm going somewhere and it

is in this group i don't go. and always meticulous about on the way home so the next day i sent a copy to the white house or the state department and use it for the secretary general of the united nations of the of programs in 73 countries in the world, 35 of which have to be in africa but we still elevate the mideast to of the top positions. >> in the front page of "the new york times" and capturing a lot of income the interior pages as well, the latest document from wikileaks. in your time if we wanted to pass 266 documents to somebody, we would have needed a small truck to do it. [laughter] from drive the size of a key chain and with a couple of strokes of a key. is it harder to keep good counsel and keep your private thoughts private if you are

president now? >> i think it's much more difficult. you have to remember we didn't of a 24-hour television. cnn was informed, which was the first one until 1980, my last year in the white house, so we had three major networks, and i was basically it on television. and they had a news maybe one time in the afternoon, 6:30, 7:00, and morning news which was mainly entertainment and that was it. and the other thing was newspapers and of course magazines, time and newsweek, but it's different now where every moment of the day is a very avid reporters think they own the channel news the dark looking for any kind of headline they can cover and quite often those headlines are contrived and false that turns out to be false but they are newsworthy of the moment and that is what the purpose is to get used to watch but it's completely different now and i would say the main difference between 25 years ago

and now is the polarization of the parties. i had a tremendous support from republicans in the house and senate. one of my closest working allies in the senate was howard baker, who was a minority leader of the republicans, and in the house it was bob michael, the minority leader in the house. and so they cooperated with me fairly, and i couldn't have had such a good batting average in conquer since lyndon johnson since the second world war. i couldn't have had that good of batting average without the full support of the republican side, and that's completely absent now where the republicans have been, in my opinion, completely irresponsible the first 18 months or so of obama's the administration and when he can't get a single vote in the house or the senate for a major goal. so that's changed. and the reason for that is still enormous injection of money into the political campaigns. and now, of course, with a bump the ruling of the supreme court

last january -- [laughter] [applause] -- we can have unlimited injection of money hundreds of millions of dollars into the campaign by corporations, and they don't even have to be identified. as a matter of fact, when i ran for president in 76 and free election in haiti, both line and my opponent use the checkoff for public funds. the was it. now, if you don't have 100 billion or 200 million to spend you can't even get to the democratic or republican nomination and that money goes and in a good push and large push stand for-the advertising to try to destroy the rotation character of your opponent and the animosity builds up in a congressional district for the state and a lot of it carries on and now you have the polarization of the country. that's new. >> let me press you on the

cooperation of the republicans. some of president obama's critics say that part of the problem is he's already figuring out what to give away before he comes to the table. again and again in this book, right of a fight that you are going to bring again and again and again and again until you get what you want. whether it is public land law, windfall profits, tax after the repricing of we'll, they're have been critics in this city who said that they are not sure that your current successor would do the same. >> i don't want to put my self in a position because he has to face failings of republican opposition that they did not have. i have already said that, but almost every major legislative proposals we put forward when i was president was drafted in the white house, and we would bring

the key members, the key leaders of the senate and house committees to work with us on legislation. to create the department of education. to create the department of energy. or the price of energy legislation, health care and so forth. we would work with the leaders in the house and senate in the white house and then they would take the bill back to the committees and modify them to some degree and if i didn't like -- for the the modifications were too large or contradicted of what i wanted i would see to it and so there was never any doubt from the beginning to the end, but we wanted and we made sure everybody in the house and senate knew what we want to. president obama has taken a different point of view, and i say this saying that he might be right, that is that when he got ready for the health care legislation he told the five committees you direct what you want and then later we will put

it all together and pass legislation and of course i think in that case quite often the five committees reach the lowest common denominator for the agree on the common bill that comes before the senate and house for a vote. so it is a different approach but i can't say which is best. i personally think - best but i wouldn't criticize president obama. [laughter] one of the more striking interests comes on november 4th, 1979. >> i spent hours on the phone talking to political leaders of the nation, but rarely in the morning was quite disturbed to learn that iranian students subsequent interest of khamenei had to get on our embassy and captured 50 or 60 people. without the protection provided by the host government it is almost impossible to do anything if once people were taken. and on november 4th, you then go on to other business of the day.

these eight lines into the casting a show that what lance the rest of your presidency. and it's only with the subsequent months that you can feel in the entries the rising tide of both anchor, frustration and concern that this was something that was not going well. >> that is one of the most difficult decisions. he had terminal cancer and henry kissinger and brzezinski and my secretary of state and a whole length of people wanted me to let them come in. i was the last holdout and i finally decided i would not let him come in unless i got approval from the president and the pri minister of iran.

[inaudible] anyway, they assured me that this shah could come for treatment and protect iran. we have about five those americans still working in iran in addition to the embassy personnel and the shah had to make an agreement at that time he wouldn't make any provision while he was in new york, and he agreed to that. that was the circumstance on which are with the shah come in, and then they stood at militants took the embassy, and khomeini held off for about three days and then he backed up those students, and the prime minister resigned in protest because their word of honor to me was violated and that is the way the whole thing started and of course it lasted that most people still remember 444 days. so the last three days i was president i never went to sleep, never went to bed. i spent that time negotiating

the release of hostages and it 10:00 on inauguration morning all of the hostages were ready to take off and committee held them until five minutes after and took after so that is one of the happiest moments of my life every hostage came home. >> by coincidence i last -- in the last two days. i was standing on the runway with warren christopher when the door opened and they came down. i didn't realize one of the most exciting moments of my life, too de riss de mccuish sherwen of the most exciting moments in history. >> president reagan was gracious enough to ask me to go to germany and meet the hostage when they got there. we've embraced each other, cried on each other's shoulder and was a wonderful homecoming for them. >> it seems to be bombing on you and your foreign policy staff you for not dealing with a

normal country, that there were power centers scattered all over the place, but if you heard something that didn't necessarily mean that they agreed or ayatollah or the mysterious public company. hard to know who to talk to. was that it took part of the negotiation? >> some of them would give me word privately through jordan that the next week the parliament would decide to let the hostage boesky and i thought they would, and obviously they didn't but it was a frustrating thing because even comey would never make a public statement on the record to me and he wouldn't permit any direct negotiations. we have all kind of people that wanted to go negotiate and including famous boxers and others. muhammad ali thought that since he was a muslim he could talk to khamenei and letting the hostage come home, but he was not able

to get their ethos of the algerians were the ones that finally did the intermediary. but even the last three days we get $12 billion to read every message that went back-and-forth left in english had got over there and was in farsi eventually in iran. so we had 3-way negotiations and talked about money and $2.2 billion of gold located in 12 different nations so you can see the complexity of it, and so i finally got the hostage held and we had the $12 billion in the iranian money and the agreement was all of the claims americans had against iran would

be fulfilled and the leftover money would be given to iran, which it was to treat stomach has 1979 became 1880, this began to beat heavily into the political here of 90 for which you had been planning to run for the reelection, fighting off primary opponents from the own party. [laughter] >> to of them for awhile. >> was there a point that you realized you are still there and now this is starting to become a problem with this enterprise? i wanted to present i think i'm doing a good job. >> i would say even eight days before the election and was very close. but you mentioned november 4th, write? and november 4th, 1980 was the anniversary of the hostage taking as well as election de,

so all the news media were fascinated with the anniversary of the hostages and paid little attention to what i was saying to the was a burning issue in american people's mind is the hostages are still there and president carter has been unable to get them free, and that was the major issue. the second is one you almost mentioned before and that is the last two years of my term senator kennedy was running against me, and very effectively whenever senator kennedy made any comment, the news media in america covered word for word and so he was a very formidable opponent and never was reconciled to me so the democratic party was split to the very end. the other thing was to write invaded iran, and so all of the oil supply from iran was lost all supplies, and so the price

of oil more than doubled in just 12 months so there was an enormous inflation, and interest rates were up in all nations of the world, so those three things combined to close my defeat but had a good life since then. [laughter] [applause] >> you seem a little frustrated of the time though. [laughter] >> i read this book and kennedy your note with some pleasure your kicking him are not pretty good in the price. semidey tim to-1 in the primary. he wouldn't go down. >> he never did give up. >> which was distracting to the democratic reelection effort? >> obviously it was. the democratic party was split, and one of the failures i mentioned in the afterword i

wrote was the leadership of the democratic party. i treated as a secondary responsibility. i was president of the united states. first of all what was the leader of the democratic party and a secondary manner, so senator kennedy was much more shrewd political ally was because he appealed to a wide range of leaders and democratic parties and so that was one of mauney reasons that i -- it was my inability or lack of leadership to halt the democratic party together. >> was there a point where it just seemed like you picked up the next day's newspaper and there was more bad news maybe you had nothing to do with? >> [inaudible] [laughter] >> okay, what had to deal with as if it were somehow something you were responsible for because you were the occupied of the oval office.

>> i kept on my desk on three truman's desk the buck stops here and i realized that no matter what happened in the world if the united states was even involved in it the responsibility was mine, and that was in my mind success and failure, and one of the my had we discussed at length and that is the hostage crisis, and we had some success that i wasn't able to emphasize adequately because they all come of the election, the but we kept the world at peace. we had very trying times, we brought peace to other people during my four years we never dropped a bomb. we brought a diplomatic

relations for the first time in 40 years, the result of the panama canal treaties. we started to pass forward, doing away with apartheid in africa, we brought peace to israel and egypt and got along in the soviet union. so we had some success as well as problems. >> the because the cold war was sort of entering its final movements, though we didn't know that then, the world like a pretty unstable place. >> welcome it was unstable, and i think it is hard now to go back and remember how it was 25 years ago when in every country on earth whether they were in africa or asia or latin america there was an intense competition between the soviet union and the one hand and the united states about who would prevail in that country for trade and commerce and diplomatic approval in the united nations so there was intense competition.

more than anything else above everything else about the possible outbreak of the nuclear war because both we and the soviet union as you know have enough to destroy each other but because of the nuclear holocaust throughout the world. and i used to go into my local office early in the morning and i would turn it to moscow and try to put my mind and the same free and i thought brezhnev might have. it himself in my shoes to make sure i wouldn't do anything that would cause him to be fearful or interest enough to launch a nuclear attack so that was a constant concern of mine that think goodness it prevailed now.

>> one issue that you had to tackle was energy consumption. and not always in ways that may differ but the happy. you didn't tell them what they wanted to hear you told them what he wanted to tell them. here we are, 33, 34 years later, still arguing about this. how have we made it to these 34 years without coming up with anything that isn't sort of ad hoc and seat of the pants and a sort of hastily cobbled together. you wanted to do some things comprehensive. >> one is the incredibly powerful lobbying capability of the oil companies was unlimited funds to give members of the house and senate, the other is

the unpopularity of the fact americans need to conserve and may be deprived of getting expenditure of energy. when i was governor and president nixon was in office, we had terrible - lines and so forth and i prices, and then when i became president we have a word against the nation by the opec countries and a secondary book by the weak against denney corporation of america that did business with israel, so why inherited that and oe decided to have a comprehensive policy. we were importing than 8.6 million barrels of oil per day from the foreign countries. and bicycle that we would reduce it to replace it would reduce ten years. we actually reduced in five years 8.6 to 5.3 pete now it is about 11 million barrels per

day. but when president reagan came he didn't want to say anything about sacrifice or americans had to conserve. i had put 36 panels on the white house just to save the agenda and it was a demonstrable things for americans to emulate, the remove them from what was and say we don't have to worry about alternate sources of energy we can develop enough in our country to brazil, so the influence of the automobile companies along with the oil companies was extremely powerful, and when president obama came into office we had just about as poor a record on automobile efficiency has when i went into office also when i left office to reduce it, to increase gas mileage president ronald reagan and did all of that and his successors to

caswell so if it is coming back to haunt us because we did not have the dependence on foreign oil, we also have the global warming issue which is correlated to meet. >> but you are a guy that ran for top office in the land and ran locally in your part of georgia. you thought about how to talk to people about the things that challenge us all. was it first reading that it's just really hard to tell americans the can't do something? >> i made my best speech of all when i went to camp david and put americans we were over consuming and we had too much emphasis on the material wealth and benefits and not enough on the benefits like peace and so forth, and was the most proper speech i ever made for a couple of days and then my opponents began to refer to as my latest

speech for nearly senator kennedy and ronald reagan and eventually it became an unpopular speech, but eight had truths in it that with regard long-lasting effect now there have been books written about the one speech and i still think it's one of the best speeches i made it any way -- >> for the record milledge doesn't appear anywhere in the record. >> no, that was introduced to me by senator kennedy. [laughter] but anyway, i think that still leaves a problem because america now is addicted to overconsumption not only fossil fuels but also efficiency. we passed enough laws that are on efficiency electric motors and insulation of homes and refrigerators and so forth, that's still on the books so we have had a dramatic reduction by those major consumers. but automobiles and other things

have continued to be expensive to operate. >> do you relive this time? >> and was surprised at a lot of it. particularly my records to people and later began to respect and of my year and first they said they were not going to help me on this issue i was peeved with them put it down in my diary but people would read the diary of to remember everything was written like two years ago and i didn't change anything. was there and so i think the conglomeration of the to tell what totality is an accurate picture of a time of history that was a and of the cold war, the emergence of some of the

lesser known countries including china and brazil and south africa and so forth that we didn't even know much about and so it was a time of enormous change, a time of realization that we had access expenditure we've already discussed that, in a time of realization of some of the issues very in transit, like israel. i don't think anybody dreamed when i decided to normalize diplomatic relations with china how much it would change china because president nixon went over there in 1972 and announced there was only one china but he didn't say which one. [laughter] and as a matter of fact he came back home and was still tie one interim four's administration still taiwan and i had the decision to make a would be communist china would be. and it was an unpopular thing to do. but turned out to be a transforming thing for the life in china because three days

after announcing the normalization he announced about reform and a new life and china and began the reforms that have taken place and now china is the merging coming and i hope they will remain friendly with china and believe we can. >> is certainly changed the world's calculus to have a china that instead of being hidden and mysterious has got its fingers in place all around the world. it has to be dealt with now has a big power, doesn't it? >> it does, and that is another place where america has to change our ways and that is a horrendous deficits. we now know china almost a trillion dollars, and every time we overspent our budget by a dollar, china has to pay for 40 cents of it by buying an american bonds, and we go deeper and deeper and deeper in debt

and it's because the congress i guess doing with the american people want are reluctant to put a restraint on that. i would say the republicans have taken i think ill-advised commitment not to raise any kind of texas under how much we need to raise taxes to pay for the war and that sort of thing and the democrats are still committed to the social programs that cost a lot of money somewhere or another we have to make the change or we are going to be in serious economic trouble which might be the most difficult and a tremendous perspective catastrophe for america in the next ten to 20 years. >> you were present when the soviet union invaded afghanistan. >> christmas day, 79. spec now we are there and moved the date for beginning to

withdraw from 2011 to 2014. what do you make of our prospects there and is this bound to be a place where the great powers come because the interest in a tall hardest to get anything? >> that's been true since the middle ages as you know. anybody that has ever been treated afghanistan has come out a loser. and i have serious doubt we will prevail in afghanistan that is to meet the present cool we've set for ourselves. my belief is we will reduce our expectations or our goals until we can find the get out without serious embarrassment, but i don't think we have the capability or the will to act early prevail militarily over the taliban. that seems to me to be an almost

hopeless case and as you know the cia set from less than 100 members of al qaeda in all of the nation of afghanistan, that the leaders of the others are in pakistan and still we have tripled the number of troops in afghanistan since president obamacare into office. my hope and prayer is we will prevail and that we can establish a permanent force and all that sort of thing that can keep order and protect the government that exists in kabul where i have my doubts about it. >> when you were preparing this book, where their entries that you looked at and thoughtfully, remember how lousy that felt? or how wonderful? >> i remember both, yes. i remember some lousy days. as hamilton jordan said we had

to lighthouses the last year. one white house dealt with america and its problems and its challenges and successes. the other dealt with the iran hostage crisis. we had two different things that were separate but i have to worry about both of them simultaneously, and that was the worst year of my life of the last year that i was in office. i didn't know if they were going to come home safe and free or not or all be executed or killed, and i had advice for many of my strongest supporters around me we need to launch a military attack against iran because they are causing us to be distressed and in this round the world but i held out because i felt we could have wiped iran of the math. there was no question about that with our positive military force but if i had bombed iraq and i would have killed may be 10,000

innocent iranians and i don't have any doubt they would have executed our hostages there so i decided what pray a lot which traded, more than i have any other time in my life, and that all hostages would come home safe and free and i would not violate the integrity of my country and my prayers came true. a little bit later than i wanted, but sometimes god says yes, sometimes god says no, and sometimes god says he's got to be kidding. [laughter] [inaudible] >> you were elected with the strong support of evangelicals, newly energized, newly politically active, people would move to the sidelines of american politics just after the civil rights era the said we are

going to take our bat and ball and go home and they appear quite a bit. they visited the white house, you at prayer services, you taught sunday school and tell us which scripture passages were provided the text that sunday. it's very interesting to go through with you. what have you noticed that caught your eye about the way the whole world moved after your president? >> as a matter of fact, they were moved while i was president because i heard about the so-called moral majority in my 76 campaign because a speech was made in alaska and somebody told me about it. that's the only thing i knew about it. i was a very active leader in the southern baptist convention when i was a lehman after left the governor's mansion. i was in charge -- in charge of the brotherhood, which is a men's organization, and i had

full support from the southern baptists and ayn rand for president and separate church and state separate, but then that's when the movement began in the baptist convention and the 60 million members for the conservatives to take over the fundamentalists to take over. and 1979 the succeeded and during that time in the middle of my term there was an allegiance between the conservative baptists and the republican party on the other. and that became a major factor in 1980 reelection campaign when they were against me so that happened while i was president and that has been a change on the american public will seem. and i grew up with my father teaching sunday school and his major premise is total separation of church and state which are separated. i never had a service in the white house also my predecessors

would invite the east room of the white house. i never did. i was in the first baptist church and sometimes i taught sunday school but i kept the to completely separated. the of the merged now in a very uncomfortable way for me so that is one of those societal or political issues that changed during that crucial fourth years. >> to to do anything to take them off? or was this a cultural change that was sort of in process during your white house years that it wasn't even about you by the time that ronald reagan came? >> there was a lot of things i did that take them off. >> one of the things they pose as the department of education. and another was the nuclear arms

agreement in the soviet union. another was my not being in favor of prayer in schools. so there were a number of liberal versus conservative issues where i came on the liberal side and they were on a more conservative side and these became major plants that they made firmly with ronald reagan and they have maintained those as well. for instance, when george w. bush was getting ready to invade iraq i was strongly against it. i wrote a piece in the new york times and the leader preprinted called just war or a just war and i defined with a just war was in christian terms and that a plan to build in the editorial supporters of a totally fallacious and unnecessary for mac and iraq was the southern baptist convention of leadership

so they were for the death penalty and a lot of things like that they could find that work against my own personal beliefs come so my wife and i have separated but we are still baptista my little church. some give on of your adjusted quality teams that said mr. president, i am to stand for reasons, the understand your explanation its polygram had come over what would it hurt? >> if you have been counseled there might be good politics behind just softening the line a little bit, could you have bought yourself a little love on the other side? [laughter] without giving up too much? >> by not inviting polygram

wasn't an issue that never came up. billy graham presented for a while and he and i became almost like brothers. i really love him and think that he's the greatest christians live in my lifetime perhaps the doherty explained to him but i had in her to believe from my father and he understood and i think i taught sunday school or bible class is 14 times yy was president perez i said we never announced ahead of time and only the regular church members you after i got they're the play was going to teach that morning. so why did try to separate. i think the issue that the fight to the us were more of the political nature than he enumerated a few of them than anything concerning religion. >> i was teaching sunday school the same years and fought it was cool you were doing it probably better than i was.

one last question, you were eighth man in your early fifties when you wrote the words of this book. you have an elementary school were still wet, and became a grandfather for the first time during those years. when you look over this, do you like this guy that emerges from the pages or now the passage of 30 more years and all the things he's been through, the things you've seen, the things you've experienced, do you make a marginal notes that wasn't generous of me or i could have done that better or -- if i could take that date back. do you look at this guy if it emerges from these pages and say yeah, i still know that i come i still am that guy. >> that's a difficult question -- >> that's why i saved it for

last. >> i don't think i've changed but i've learned a lot since i left the white house and working with the carter center i have mentioned our preeminent commitment is to address disease that exist by hundreds of millions of cases in fifth third world the are no longer known and the rich countries on earth, so we go into the villages africa and the desert and the jungles and put medicine in people's mouths and these are diseases that are not known and disease like that, and so why also have become active since i the white house and have had to manage. every year we go and build houses or very poor people and

the thing i learned since i left the white house is about those kind of people who are suffering and quite often illiterate, poverty-stricken and quite often forgotten or ignored on earth. and i learned they are just as good as i am. they are just as intelligent, just as hard working, just as ambitious. family values just as good as mine, and i was asked at the turn of the century what is the greatest -- the millennium as a matter of fact what is the challenge the world faces in the millennium? i made two speeches on the subject, the same speech, one in asia and one in europe, and the greatest challenge i think the world faced then and now is

between rich people and poor people. it's not just a chasm but it's getting greater every year. people are getting richer and richer and poor are getting poorer and poorer, and that is the case almost every country on earth and it is also the issue between rich countries and poor countries, the rich countries are getting richer and the poor are getting poor and as we grow further and further apart economically, we grow further and further apart in understanding each other and having mutual respect and i think that is a challenge we still haven't faced adequately in this country or around the world. so this life learned, one of the things since i left the white house. >> the book is white house by a. please thank the 39th president of the united states, jimmy carter. [applause]

[applause] [applause]

connecticut attorney general richard blumenthal won an open seat in november against republican linda mcmahon to be the states u.s. senator. he replaces chris dodd who is

retiring. senator dodd spoke earlier on the senate floor about his time in the senate. we will also hear from senator dodd's colleagues. mr. blumenthal will be sworn in in january. when you >> this bg did when you first arrive in the senate and then of course in the closing remarks c you may have.ay i can't recall what my speech my the house of representatives. except i do recall vividly ther was no one else in the chamber g when i gave it to me it was an h empty hall early one evening except one colleague, johnny depp for those old enough to olh remember from pennsylvania he was sitting in the chair. from he wore dark glasses even dark altering the day and he sat there patiently listened to me as i gave my knee rattling, handshaking.the housof midway through the speech heouge walked up to me and those who wo

envision the chamber of thevisi house speaking from the well and walked up to me and said quietly you know it's not on the level of doing. [laughter] that was my speech in the senaty so i am honored a number of yout have come out today so i'm notye speaking to an empty chamber in some closing remarks i have spet about my service in thisarkabl remarkable chamber. the unique american story is una unfolding here and the chamberme of the united states senate, fascinating, inspiring offeringn idetriment to the steel of compromise reflecting the potential and its occasional its moments of agonizing frustration.tration. much of intercepted with my own in waysr that have been filling in that tumbling. b as aee 14-year-old boy i sat inn the family gathering in thismilf chamber watching my father as ht took office has the new center. a few years later 1962i sat wits

these young men and women presi, serving as the page, at page. john f.nd kennedy was president, lyndon johnson presided overall this body. 18 years later in the fall ofgae 1980, the people of connecticut gave me the honor of a lifetime and asked me to give a voice toe their view, elected me to serve. as a united states senator. the past three years i worked te sustain that trust and part of the works i've done it is time for my story and that of this institution which i cherish so to leverage. thus mr. president i rise to sov give some remarks has my servics atna the united states senator from connecticut comes to a close. it is common for retiring it is common for retiring senators to say the following. i will miss the people but notm the work. you won't hear a that from me mt assuredly i will miss the peoplt of the senate, but i will miss the work as well over the years i put the witness stand

th this chamber, moments whentoe states of both parties gathered. of our time and will lives therl did been more of those moments, i will always remember thear senate sheets on issues such as central america, the a representative war come campaign financeit reform, security litigation, health care and of . course financial reform. as wl of t but when i am, see the results as well as the work we did every day. i see workers coming home from shift and engine plants collected decisions, helicopter plants the life blood of the dee manufacturing this critical toay the national security andic wel- economic well-being of my homeef state.high-sed rai i see community is preparing for high-speed rail and breaking ground for new community health centers.ts i se we the grants we fought for sustainable communities and promote economic development. when i am, i meet parents oose betwe because the family medical leave act don't have to choose b