of them appointed for life and can't be removed without impeachment which is almost impossible. >> you talk about social darwinism. pervasive belief that the time. that is what you are talking about now. could you expand on what that meant at the time? what people were believing about society? ..

>> best fits the environment within which it is living or competing for food. that will survive. though less that will die of. a number of tourists, starting with herbert spencer and then baboon -- wilbur graeme said hey, wait a second. what this really means is that spencer started survival of the fittest. what it means is that in society the groups who do well by doing well because they deserve to do well. the groups that do poorly deserve to do poorly. so the rich are richer because they should be rich. most of the rich or white.

the poor are poor because they are inferior. they are not fit to the society to be the may have qualities. they may be able to do certain tasks, but in a modern society the best are going to do well and the better and the worse and not to be it now, this is really appealing to rich people. it said not only -- you didn't -- you get rich not simply because he did whatever it took to get rich. sometimes legal or not, but you get rich because you deserved to be rich. the andrew carnegie's and john d. rockefeller's loved social darwinism, and it had a number of devotees among the court not the least of which was oliver wendell holmes. so in a country with this popular notion that black people are doing poorly because they are inherently inferior, and that was part of it, going to make the court very leery of

enacting or upholding legislation that is going to artificially raise the group that did not deserve to be raised because that waters down society and make society worse all along. and social darwinism was a round probably in its heyday and tell the first decade of the 20th century. of course it fits in to national socialism and the master race and all of this. right now we all laugh at it. it's a crackpot theory, but that did not laugh back then. this gentleman first. yes. >> i am reading the legal cases of the civil war by robert murray. testis bradley is rather prominent and that. it shows, for instance, and a legal tender cases of the change in personnel certainly makes a change in the outcome. you mentioned the president's

appointed some of the justices each. i am wondering whether they were north union or whether there were from the south as well. north justices certainly seem to be out of step with the members of congress and the senate who enacted the legislation to and implement the 14th and 13th and 15th amendment. >> most of the justices who were appointed were from the north. disproportionately from newfoundland or at least born in new england. and they were not. they may have been out of step with the radical republican. what you had with the radical republican congress was a committed minority forcing through very, very extreme social agendas that they believed and so fervently that they made sure to crush all

opposition. those amendments, equality under the law. now, the country thought something should be done for the slaves. delivery was up toward. some provisions should be made. sharing a restaurant, sharing a hotel, sharing a railroad car was every bit as unpopular in the north as it was in the south. the justices who were appointed, many of them, at least right after lincoln were abolitionists. they did not believe in equal accommodations. lincoln himself. you know, at least during his first term blacks are fundamentally inferior. the great thing about lincoln is that he grew in the first person he showed his second inaugural to was further douglas. people were capable of growth, but it was a widespread view that you were dealing with a group of people who were inherently inferior and he did not want to share with.

these not injustices may have been out of step with the radical republican minority in congress, but they were not out of step with mainstream america. >> i get to keep it. antitax add something and then just take a little time to talk about some of lares of the work. might actually want to buy something. fifty years ago as an undergraduate we were required at stanford university and constitutional law to read the integrity of the federalist papers. to those of you that haven't, they were basically a pit by the drafters of the constitution. why you should adopt it the one that applies today more than any other his federalist paper number ten in which it says that should a day, when the majority does not hold and the minorities and arises our system will fail. that is where i think to a great

degree we may be added. now, i would like to say that you carefully obscured my show and tell bit. this is inherently unequal, the book we have been discussing. this is his first novel called the anatomy of deception. it was so good that it was one of our first mystery club picks. people belong to our club and have to take whenever we buy for them. it has 100 members be this kind of a cool thing. a globally -- the members of all over the world. this book is set in 1885 in philadelphia and has some interesting stuff about the state of the wall and society when it came to this section and the study of anatomy. i should mention also, the astronomy said back in the 16th century which is the book about copernicus' who also went up against the status quo and maybe more theological than

others. want to say a few words about this? >> sure. unprepared as i am, i did write it. my wife did not write it no matter what she tells it. [laughter] it is a murder mystery set in 1889 in philadelphia. the protagonist is fictional, but it has to very famous real doctors william also who was considered the best in the crudest dietitian probably ever in madison. his principles and practices of medicine which he wrote in the 1890's were still in print whereby the inter ernest used it in college. williams toward hosted he was the greatest surge in america ever produced invented rubber gloves, mosquito clamps. there is a painter. it does of revolving around

autopsy which was frowned on in 1889. 1882 it was made illegal. people in a very prominent philadelphia doctor was put in jail. i like to think it is a good read. there are no constitutional issues, but there are some legal issues that work for any of you who might want it on that basis. oh, yes. and the astronomer is set in the 16th century. it is also about a plot to kill copernicus to suppress the -- his theory which was a great threat. was a threat to the church brief let's see. how can i do this and? the earth was at the center of the universe. very fundamental to both catholics and protestants. if man is unique in god's eyes in the earth has to be unique in the universe. someone postulating that the earth is not at the center of the universe threatens to create

a lot of discord. copernicus was extremely unpopular with catholics and protestants. his theory. this is said while the theory is almost complete. well, it is just a terrific book. >> it is a terrific book. finally, because we only have about five minutes, in an age where we are making in 500 years the most dramatic shift from the revolution and to plant. if you ever go to germany and recommend you go to this, the gutenberg might seek to cut museum in germany. we are moving into digital. what does that mean? larry and his wife have written books about book collecting and about a passion for books. i will say, and of course i have some self interest in saying this, that of print book is a text file. i mean, and the book. it is a text file. the book has all kinds of other

stuff associated with it. >> i agree. back again with a question that i was completely unprepared for. >> unbelievable variety. >> showing brandt. >> i wrote a very interesting paper in fifth grade. nancy and i, my wife back there who can't get in frame try the she might, three funny books on people who collect rare books and antiquarian books. it is a remarkable subculture. what we also came, we came to love. it is very -- i understand the medium and my daughter carry the backpack. it weighed about 372 pounds filled with monstrance homes. she had and the reader she would not need. to me i can't crawl up in bed with my candle.

and now they're just fine. there is something about the feel of a book. the tactile nature of the experience which makes it irreplaceable. and there is one of the thing that is very interesting. i write on a computer. i've probably revise a book one lauden 50, 200 times before it is done. when i printed out to be added it reads on the page differently than it reads on the screen. i don't know exactly why, and it is not just that i see typos, it reads differently. a book on the page is somehow a different experience than the book on the screen. i suspect that with the books as the become more and more popular the style of language may change. hardcover reading and even paperback reading are very different, but really different from screenwriting. >> does anybody have any

questions? there is a, a woman in the back. >> who could that be? >> yes, dear. well, john dennis do lead bank for helping arrange all of this has extremely famous grandfather. his grandfather was the new york yankee hall of fame baseball pitcher in lefty gomez. john's mother, lefty's daughter, amassed the most incredible part, of baseball memorabilia and interviews. it is really a library of congress caliber archive. she wanted to put it together into a biography of for that. her mother who was a broadway musical comedy star named jenna de. we worked on this book together.

it is going into editing, and it will be out next summer. that is also a terrific book, although having not all that much to do with me, what one and put together was just coming to reach to get interviews with people who don't give interviews. amazing, amazing stuff about baseball and america and lefty's incredible life from dirt-poor in california in 1908 until he died in 1989. yes, i am working on something. thank you for that question. >> we have an opportunity. here we are in the land of spring training to bring you that. one of our best selling books of remark is a book called the chicago cubs, our team, our dream. i grew up in chicago. it teaches you about life. i've always said that. thank you very much for coming. has been a tremendous pressure.

[applause] >> you are watching 48 hours of nonfiction authors and books on book tv. >> well, with federal judge tenney chance rejection of the 2008 coup will book settlement, the future of a complete online library is in question. joining us now to discuss this issue is zero women, the news editor of publishers marketplace. if you could begin by giving us a brief overview of what the google book settlement was an to the parties were involved. >> sure. the google book settlement arose from an original lawsuit that was filed with the association of american publishers and the authors guild objecting to the fact that in their view google was standing primarily out of print and orphan worked, those words to copyright status was not entirely non.

they felt that this will sell scanning was infringement. they did not like that. they sued. as it made its way through the cords the party's all decided to create what is known as the google book settlement. what that would entail is coming up with some means of giving copyright holders some monetary value for their work. what they elected to do was create what is known as an opt out process where if authors did not want their works to be scanned by google they could ride in and opt out. this he did have their work stand would take about $60 per work. as it made its way through the court last heard about this 16 -- approximately 14 months ago, and then he was confirmed to the second court of appeals after which nobody knew exactly what was calling on with the settlement. in the news came in last week that he rejected it, that

created a wave of supplies among many parties and especially in the publishing community. >> when was the rationale? >> he ultimately believed that the settlement was not fair, adequate, or reasonable. he felt that the numerous objections launched by the 600 -- 6,800 authors and 500 of the parties were substantive enough to will that the way that the settlement was created contravened current copyright law. there was, perhaps, a better way to do it. in his view he thought the majority of the objections could be nullified by instead of an opt out process, using an often process. a copyright holder could say, no, i want to be part of the settlement instead of assuming that unless you opt out you are automatically in. he didn't like that and he felt that this was not a good way of doing it. the other portion that i addressed earlier related to or

from work. he felt that the google book settlement could not adequately addressed this. instead, this was a matter that should be taken up by congress. >> during this in tiger of -- entire legal process google has been scanning books. what happens to those books? >> that is a very good question. in fact, because the settlement has now been rejected no one really knows what the next book will be. there is supposed to be a status meeting in court on apple 205th at 430 at which time i guess the parties are going to a stake their claims as to why they should come up with the revised settlement. that is what the ap and the hc are both on record as saying. google will have to figure out exactly what they want. there are multiple ways of looking at it. some commentators say that this actually hurts code will because, you know, this puts

their scanning ability in doubt. other commentators say that to know, this, in fact, is fine. in another separate program which is the creation have google the books google is already scanning works in the copyright with various commissions. you can go to a google the book site and download for a price in the current e book that is available for sale. you can even go to various independent retailers associated with the bookstore and do it that way. they do it through what is known as a partner program republic shares and authors as well have opted and in order to make these books available for sale. there is some rationale that by implementing and instituting this particular program that this is, perhaps, a model for what the google book settlement should be. the other thing this puts into limbo is the settlement was supposed to create what is known as the google the book right registry. google and publishers spent roughly between 12 and

13 million already in terms of getting this up and running. that is in limbo. how can you have a registry for a settlement that technically doesn't exist. said it remains to be seen. the ap and the ag relaunch their lawsuit. other parties litigate to read will go want to continue the suit? i have a feeling we will know more when the status meeting happens on april 25th. >> what was the reaction and the american association of publishers' reaction to judge chance suggestion that they used an opt in system? >> both the ap and the ag were understandably disappointed that the settlement was not approved. both parties seem to express some optimism that they could find a way into the settlement. for example, macmillan ceo john sargent to issued a statement essentially said, they are prepared to enter into a near a settlement along the lines to

take advantage of this ground-breaking opportunity and they hope that other parties will as well call. scott to row, currently the president of the ag, he said along the lines of regardless of what the outcome of discussions are readers want access to unavailable works. authors need every market they can get. there has to be a way to make some kind of settlement happened to make these works available. so they hope that they can arrive a settlement. with respect to google they were, as i said, kind of disappointed, but essentially they said that they hoped to be able to continue scanning works and make as many books available. so essentially it is disappointed but cautious optimism. >> what about the competitors, amazon, microsoft, yahoo? what was there reaction to not. >> to the best of my knowledge i

think the reactions were mostly lost within court documents. from what i understand they were certainly pleased that the settlement was not approved because each of those parties or some in the majority did lodge objections with the court. amazon had essentially said that if you give google this unfair advantage how is this good for copyright. and that was another big issue. it is a good idea to have a digital library and to have these works stand, but should who will be the arbiter and the decision maker, the entity that decides how it stands, what it's can't , which books are essentially made available. and i think he felt very uncomfortable that one entity, one corporation could have that much power. and fair advantage over any other corporate republic into

the. >> recently in the new york times. the director of the harvard university library wrote that the decision is a victory for the public good but insisted we should not abandon kugels dream of making all the books in the world available for everyone. instead we should build a digital public libraries which would provide these digital copies free of charge to readers. is there any liability to that? >> it sounds like a wonderful idea. the only entity that stepped up is google. unfortunately especially with the current economic state of play, the priority for a digital public library that was not already in progress, i suspect, is not the highest priorities. already would get the money that has been spent on the rights registry alone which may have to be abandoned in a worst-case scenario to be in the best case scenario taken up, but who will it be taken up by?

as a result, google with the tremendous market cap was really one of the only corporations are only entities public or private that have the clout and the muscle to be able to make this happen. so i think ultimately that was why a settlement was a good idea for the ap and the ag because they recognize there is value in the work that google did. they wanted to at least get something off the ground. that could be built on and build on. >> will the library system be able to come together for a nonprofit entity when they are facing such massive cutbacks in federal level? i'm not entirely certain. so even though there is disappointment and cautious optimism about reviving the settlement there is also understandable skepticism that this can happen. so some people are looking at it as a when-when. i'm looking at it as more of a neutral potentially great loss, i suppose if something does not

move forward. >> does a judge or will that -- judged and continue to have a will? >> from what i understand he will not, especially now that he has moved on to the second circuit court of appeals. this is one of the last outstanding cases on the stock it. the 14 months that it took seemed at least in publishing circles all along. in light of the complexities of the issues that were raised it makes sense in hindsight. so then the issue becomes who will take this up. will it have to be litigated from scratch? are there other court cases that may factor in to help -- what kind of potential outcome is reached at a later date. will this drag on for years? we just don't know. as i said, a lot of things will become clear at the status meeting on. >> we look forward to talking with you after that status meeting.

finally, do you see congress playing of all? >> very, very good question, peter. certainly judge chen hopes that congress will play all will. i am not entirely certain that they will play a role cents from a priority standpoint looking at it in the greater context of budget cuts and health care and various military activities going on, whether the issue of orphan works or having a digital library is going to even register on the current congress. they also, i think, traditionally have not necessarily been the most willing listeners in terms of trying to change current copyright law to make it more accessible to everybody. so i think it remains to be seen what congress, in fact, will do. >> the news editor for publishers marketplace. we will talk with her again after the april 25th hearing. thank you.

>> thank you so much for having me. >> may 1st, your questions for chapman university professor and co-founder of reason magazine. his books include private rights and public relations, the promise of liberty and the man without a hobby. he will take your calls, he knows, and tweets live sunday may 1st at noon eastern on c-span2 book tv. >> how what time travel interface with some of these ideas? let me turn it in that direction. i will simply say this to be one of the big puzzles is, of course, you go back in time and affect things in a way that prevent your own existence. go back and kill your parents. there is a logical paradoxes. we have seen this played out. hollywood loves this idea. the variation on the paradox which comes from the following idea. imagine, you know, that you travel to read you can travel to

the future. imagine i travel to the future. i want to see what has happened and string theory. proven not. i go to a the library or the flooding internet station. icy that surprisingly the theory has made a major advance and the author of the paper is my mom. i'm like, that's weird because my mom doesn't like physics. you know, all this stuff. so and i look in the acknowledgement to the paper in the future and she thanks me for teaching all of this physics. holy crap. i better get back. so i used the machine and travel back. eyes darted to your mother. it's not going well. she's not getting it. how in the world if she ever going to write the paper? and then i say, i know what was in the paper. i read it. let me tell her what to write.

so i tell her what to write. everything turns out as i had it. now the question is, who gets the credit? is not a question of credit but where the information came from. did she think of it? to gabba from may. did i think of it, no, i got it from our paper. information seems to pop and from thin air. now, how does this relate to multiple universes'? here is the possible idea that people floated. imagine that when you travel to the past, for instance, you never come back to your own universe. you come back saying the quantum of the verse, you come back to one of those other copies of our universe. for instance, if i go back in time and kill my parents before on board i would not be borne in that universe, but so what. my origin would still be unaffected because my parents would be unaffected in the universe which started.

it's a little far afield, but that has some attraction baton travel. >> you can watch this and other programs online at booktv.org. next on book tv, jackie gingrich cushman discusses her book, "the essential american," the most significant documents and speeches. this is about 40 minutes. >> thank you. thank you very much and thank you to everyone here. i appreciate your time. appreciate you taking the time out and coming. i hope it will be an interesting conversation. it really is a thrill to be here in the reagan house office building because my first memories of this building were in the 70's. many of you were not allowed. if you can imagine the 70's, i was a very young girl and i would run up and down the corridor. by then you could actually take

elevator down and go through the tunnel without security. many times i would get lost and pop back up somewhere else in the library of congress or over in the capitol building. really this is where i spent a lot of my time growing up. for me it is a particular thrill to be back to the it thank you very much for having me here. it is really quite an honor. in terms of where i am, i give you a little bit of background about my personal background, my journey to the book, and why i think particularly at this point in our nation's history why this book and why our founding documents and the history of our nation are so very important. really are a really very important part of the country. you will have to figure out who we are as a country, what we believe in. that could set the pattern for the next generation. at think the best place to start is to look at our documents, our

history. that is really what drove "the essential american." so, again, especially for the declared policy group, have a great story. i was telling a friend of was coming here. for those that might know dana, i have not been for over a decade. she worked for my father at the american enterprise institute. she actually got that job because can to washington to look for a job, came to one of these events, that work, but somebody.ss the next thing she knew shesçç spent thçeç decade of her lif[ working for newtç gingrich. you never know who you might need at one of these events. make sure. interestingly enough she is married to the gentleman. for those of you that our symphony lovers, the first violinist for the washington symphony. he retired a year ago. they mad because she gave to the symphony and went to a downed

army in greek live very happily in georgia. you never know when these events might lead to a happily ever after. so again, my first memory of d.c. was in the 70's. this was way before my dad won. i'm going to take you on the low bid of the reminder of my background and his career because i think it's important for us to understand where we can from and why it's important to learn lessons. if you can imagine the 1970's, it might have been around 74. we lived in carrollton, georgia. we live in carrollton georgia because my father went to ann marie and tulane that his phd. part of the deal was the guts and scholarship money if he promised to become back to georgia and teach. fair deal. when he finished up his to some faces -- dissertation and belgium he found a job offer in carrollton, georgia. that is where he went. two young girls.

we all lived in carrollton georgia. we packed up to come to washington on a big train trips, which, as you can imagine, a big trip. my mother's mother. we are getting ready and coming down the big hill on our little house. pretty steep, not very long. my grandfather tripped and broker arm. broker legg. broker legg. she broke her leg. my sister had to get someone to push her around the washington some. the grandmother got on the trade, rode the trend a whole way here. we kept our family petition intact. what i remember, and the reason i'm telling you the story, imagine a little girl grow riding the train, going into the dining car in the morning, sitting down at what appeared to be a very elegant table with white tablecloths at that time.

looking out the window and seeing, as she crossed the bridge, the potomac, the washington monument. the feeling that i had a knowing that i had just entered our nation's capitol. later i learned and i'm sure many of you know that on the top of the washington monument is the capstone. it says last day. tow as the sun rises over washington every day the first is the sun strike the word praise be to god. at tried to remember that. it really is the central city. i think for those who live here you can occasionally forget that. it is very important for us to remember that it is a very special city. so my first political memories are not of the trip to washington, but the 1974 campaign. again, of the local from georgia , 1974, and my father decides to none for congress. now, back then there were no

republicans from georgia. not really. rodney, matt mattingly, bo callaway. you get all three of them and the club. a little room together. that was it. he decided to run. because he was at west georgia that meant he would run against jack plant in at the time was the dean of the tour de delegation. he was the most senior person. i'm sure many people told him it was not a good idea. we are talking earlier. i know that we actually have the granddaughter of someone who remembers when we announce that he does going to run. he ran. ran really hard. for those that remember in 1974 in the history books or from real life, 74 was the time of watergate. you can imagine what it must've been like to be run as a republican in georgia. really hard. so he ran, ran, ran, ran.

at the end of this term blood to the victory party. you always have a victory party because he don't want to have a defeat party. i can remember dad sitting there with his yellow legal pad. back then we did not have this great map. you have someone call from the precinct. they would say, this is present whatever whatever. here are the votes. so that would write them down. i can remember and adding them up. he is a pretty good mathematician. he is pretty good at math. he would add them up as if it would change the answer. unfortunately it didn't. he lost with 48 and and a half percent of the vote. it doesn't matter how much to lose by. you lose the next morning he didn't complain or cried. we got up early. we went over to the ford factory

and we shook hands with the family. thank you for your help. next thing next year same thing. he ran really hard and with sure that he could be jack flat. it was 1976. he said he knew he barely had a chance until the republican primary and some guy named jimmy carter was really getting ahead. he knew that it was going to be a tough race. we were in georgia again. jimmy carter ran a great race and work really hard. dad said he thought he had a chance until election day when he stood in front of the library which was our polling place and he saw the bus pilaf. he realized that the buses weren't there to vote for newt gingrich. they were there for somebody else. so, again, that night he added up and added up again and again. again he lost.

so the next morning we got up again, went to the ford factory. thank you very much for your help. we'll be back again. the mother tells a grim story. we are talking about the history and the family and what we went through. at this point they lost twice. the decided not to run again. mom says, you can remember going, running into a friend and saying, attack, it going -- you just can't. he just can't run again. if he loses it is point to be embarrassing. like the first to warrant. and mom had such a great answer. she goes, who am i to kill the train. he wants to run. and as we now know he ran, he won, and in time the republican resurgence. the reason i tell the story is not to set my dad lost a lot.

but point is very clear. i want you to understand that persistence matters. it is very important that we as a people optimistic and persistent. in the end that is what makes a difference. now, thomas jefferson said all that tyranny needs to gain a foothold is for people of good conscience to remain silent. at think we need to be very aware of this "because we have to understand we cannot be silent. complicity is just as bad as actually doing something, and we have to have the ability to stand up and speak about what we think is important as a nation. today more than ever conservatives, and i think in particular, and i'll talk about this. in particular, the elephant to the men here. my kids always said that. you hear that in your like, oh, please. particularly at the now conservatives are incredibly important to be imported for a

long time, but women, it's our time to step up and be proactive. i'm going to talk about that. fluoridation is on a journey. we have this incredible rich history. a lot of it is in the book. i think we have a really bright future which i will talk about. if you think about it, we are the link. we are it. the people in this room, the people in our nation, we on the link between an incredibly wonderful history at an incredibly bright future. it is our job, our future is based on our ability to speak ups, articulate the very clear vision of a great future that everyone can be engaged in. at think we have to paint such a compelling picture that people want to join in and want to be helpful and want to be a part of it. we have to inspire and remind people of our rights.

with rights come responsibility. our future is predicated on americans understanding and their belief that we all have an equal opportunity to share the american dream. we have to understand and we have to articulate and convey a vision that resonates. has to resonate. when i say resonate, my bill crowe plays violin privilege is not great, but she stood. she plays and plays well. you can feel it. you feel it resonating. it really does resonate. he plays with such passion. well, we have to be able to convey and articulate a vision that resonates with the majority of americans so that they can understand and feel it. i want to talk a little bit about the founding of our country. >> talk about it anyway. also about where i think we need to go.

you think about the declaration of independence that clearly states that we have self-evident truths. our creator gave people rights. i think we just think about this as we are and will be and not. self-evident means truthful. at think we need to understand that we need to have society and government based on truth. when we say equal, we are created equal. this is a real challenge for us as a society. this is going to hurt some people's feelings. people like for people to be happy, but the reality is in the end you have to have people that do better than others because they work harder. you can't have a society where everyone gets the same thing in the end. that is not a free society that creates independent entrepreneurial people. we are talking about in doubt by a creator, god giving us power. our power comes from god did not that the government decides what power we will have. a very different paradigm.

you think about life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, the freedom to attack as you want and do, but also a member when it says pursuit of happiness, that means you can pursue it. that doesn't mean you have it. that is very, very different. i have a nine and 11-year-old. great ages, really fun. the 11 year old as a girl. the nine is a little boy. we get into discussions. they are really, really frustrated because they are not happy. i have to remind them that that is not my job. it's not my job to make them happy. it's my job to discipline them and love them and to encourage them. it's their job to figure out in the boundaries how they can be happy. at think that is really hard for us to do as a country. all talk bill little bit about what women do and why i think women are so important in this next phase of where we are politically. up going to speak in

generalities. if you are not one of these normal women, don't take offense. in general i think women operate a little differently. i have a system that is three and a half years older. absolutely amazing. she is probably the best manager or leader as you would say of people that i know. i say that because she really cares about everybody that works with her. generally cares. worries about how they feel and what they are doing and how they work. what she is able to do is pool all their strengths and figure out how to use them together. she is an incredible, incredible manager. a very talented woman. women often have the skill of figuring out how you mixed together to create a team press is figuring out how you create a group that always compete against each other which is a very different dynamic. the other thing that women do is because they are, by nature, the child that they give birth and also are the mother to be it women are much more forward

thinking because we are always thinking especially when you have children about the next generation. it is like we can't help ourselves. we worry about our children, were about their future, worry about how we can make sure things are ready. by design the way god created us be worried about what is coming up. we care for children which makes this kind of crazy which does happen. also you develop patience. one of the biggest stories i have with having children is that i am developing a little bit more patients. one of the things, and i had this experience this weekend. my husband and i laughed. we once had someone come and watch our children. running around doing something. instructed to do x, y, and see. tickets must often did exactly what they were told to do which is amazing. they turn to us and said kamala you need to do is tell them and they do it. right. you tell them 4,000 times.

one of the things, you begin to realize that you do have to repeat yourself. very repetitious. you have to do it over and over again without screaming always helps. so some of that ability to send the same thing over and over again in the hopes that eventually you will hear someone saying, they have the nicest manners. unlike that yes, ma'am. no, ma'am. thank you very much. gosh, after that 4,000 times something son again. it makes you happy. the other thing that women do is create vast. guys like to laugh at that. but part of the reason that we create places of safety or relaxation is that allows a place for people to be able to do it together as a community or family. a lot of times in the society we laugh a bat. we don't need a nice place to sit. it's true.

you need that sanctuary. i was talking to a teacher last week. she goes, you know, it's interesting how much information you get when your car pooling. some of my best discussions with my children are during car pooling. she goes, the nice thing about that is that leaves the home as a place to be safe. not all people have that ability. but i think one of the things that i aspire to do as a mother is to make sure my home is a place that is safe and children feel loved. that's what women try to do. it tried to build places and communities that are safe. and that they give we as a conservative society think about how we build the next generation, we need to use those same skills. but think we need to be able to think about how we can knit together communities that help each other. how can we figure out how to talk over and over and over repeat the same things without getting frustrated.

it may take a long time. how can we make sure we build on strengths and don't tear down people because of their weaknesses? i have a lot of weaknesses. but i think those core fundamental values are very important. one of the reasons that i wrote "the essential american" and one of the reasons i think it's so important is because it reminds us that words matter. it sounds very shocking to here, but we forget a lot of times, especially when we e-mail and text that words have great importance. thoughts and ideas create reality so very careful not only what we read but what we think in our ideas. these documents remind us of our exceptional is some. they all ask us to do more or be more. they also provide clarity. when reagan said mr. gorbachev,

chaired -- teardown that wall. he didn't say i hope one day it might fall down on its own. he said teardown the wall. very clear in terms of what should happen. i think as we think about our future it is very important for us to understand our past. again, that is the core belief behind "the essential american." i don't know if you have family stories. when i told you about my dad losing twice, that's obviously a family story. a tell that to my children when they fail to remind them that they have to get up and be nice and gracious. they can't give up. we also have stories, i'll tell you a few family stories. my grandmother, the same one who broke her leg, was raised on a farm. in of row area in georgia that makes carrollton look like a metropolis. everyone was probably related to her. one of 11 or 13. she was either born in 1911 or

1913. part of a farming family. a tenant farming family. it did not on the land. they just worked it, which meant everybody had to participate. everybody was involved. so when she told her dad that she wanted to get to columbus georgia and get her are in degree, he was not happy. he needed those hands. he needed her to help him out. so her mother gave her her egg money, literally her egg money, our nest egg. her father disowned her. i don't want to hear from you again. she went off to columbus and got her degree. for a woman from a family who had never had a high-school diploma it was a huge event. i tell the story to my children because of want them to understand that we value education and that education is important, as is doing what you think is right for you. now, you will be glad to know that when her father became sick

later in life and needed someone to help him she, of course, was there and took care of him, for which he was grateful. really important, education is important. a mother who is the oldest of four children was told when she went to college you have two choices. you can get out in three years and your sister would go after you or your sister will wait another year. there isn't enough money to send to children the same year. out give it a try. she went to auburn, graduated with a degree in math which was unusual for a girl. got out in three years and became a high school math teacher. again, we value education. my sister and i mentioned earlier, and this is a similar story, raising money for cancer. my sister has arthritis you have never seen anyone that has this disease, it is an incredibly debilitating disease. she had days 607 years ago when

she literally could not get out of bed. i mean, literally had to be lifted out that. she began taking a drug called embroil. it totally transformed her life. she did not fix anything, but stopped all of the did progress of the disease. so my sister having conquered that decided she wanted to raise money and awareness and that she wanted to walk a marathon. for those who are not aware its 26. 2 miles. she asked me to go along. i said, sure. i'll do anything you want. all like to think about was, i'm going to have to carry her. she is never going to make it. luckily she is 55 and very petite. shirley and be able to. kathy made it through fine.

tikrit seven hours and 42 minutes and raced $40,000. we have done it to other times. over the years we have raised $146,000 to beat you really can do incredible things. those are some of our family stories. in terms of our nation stories, there are couple of want to highlight because i think there are so important. one is abigail adams, often overlooked, but if you think about the revolutionary war, women were not in front. they were left behind with the children. when you look at abigail and her letters you see a woman that clearly was very bright, highly educated, and asked really great questions. when you read her letters and see her questions you think she is giving him the next thing to do. and one of the things that she said, she reminds him that every member feels for us, kind of like when we do now.

remember the people down in georgia, the people of in texas are those in california, she reminded him of the people at home. she also reminded him if a former government entity established what one will be assumed? what is going to happen? how will you form this government? how will it be made up? clearly their relationship not only provided him with stability at the family level but also intellectually challenged him to think about what the bright formal government. the other one is jeanne kirkpatrick who i'm really very fond of. a very interesting, because she's very bright. she was a democrat originally. part of the democratic party, part of that organization. very concerned in the 70's because of the way foreign policy was unfolded. very, very concerned. , than candid ronald reagan's attention and became his national security adviser.

really her 1984 speech at the republican national convention, a big you could take that speech today, put in new places and names. the speech is just as relevant. it very clearly lays out the the country cannot blame itself. and i think, and out talk more about this, this whole idea of judgment, where we don't want to not have writer ron clearly in the forefront must have truth, understand that when we say to plus two equals four it really does. there has to be a standard of truth. we have to move toward having truth without judgment. if you look at our history we have a cycle of victims and oppressors. if the next group cycle's over and the victims become the oppressors you have those same cycles and it reverses. the way to fix that and think about possibly fixing that is to

have truth : not necessarily without judgment, but with an open mind. we will lead you to a more interesting and creative decision that would be inclusive and allow everyone to participate. it's a lot to think about. al back up and give you a little bit of abraham lincoln. my favorite selection out of the essential american is lincoln's second inaugural. you can tell by an overweighted in lincoln. we had a bit of a discussion because i just could not figure out what to get. i have lincoln's first inaugural, the gettysburg address, the emancipation proclamation, and the second inaugural. i could not figure out, if you're really trying to cover american history, what to you leave out? i left the mollen. when you look at the transition, his wording, and how he changes as a person from his first inaugural which is clearly a very legalistic case of why we

should not go to war but we probably have to. if you read it it basically says , you know, the states have seceded. we know we will end up at war. i don't want to go to war. of which we would go to war but here is the legal of one of its calling to happen. if you like that and live to the gettysburg address, less than two minutes. never using the word i remain an kamala never talked about himself. he moves from the founding of our nation to the future. wraps it all in this great promise for tomorrow. he was not the keynote speaker. edward everett was. he spoke for two hours. don't worry, i'm not speaking for two hours today. as you can imagine, lincoln getting up after a two-hour oratory as saying 287 words in less than two minutes and so

short a photographer could not take his picture, but it's one of the ones remember. the second inaugural is really heart wrenching, and i want to spend a moment talking about it, especially because we're right here in front of the capital. if you can imagine, the first inaugural, the capitol dome was have finished. it was a scaffolding up on the capital. at that time decided to continue with the construction and decided the union would endure and would not fold. we would be here. at the second inaugural he was all but assured that the north would win and the dome was finished. so he comes out. it's a cloudy day like today, of little overcast. the story goes that he comes out. as lincoln approached the podium the clouds actually broke and the sunshine that him. that must have been incredibly moving if you were there. but he talks about a couple of scenes in