the congressman, is it becerra? just had revealed a fundraiser come up. he was appointed to the special committee. going to have a fundraiser, $1500 a check for lobbyists. a week ago i called on the members selected for the special committee to eshoo, to not take lobbyist money, pac money for the duration of their term. this is an important committee. don't know if it's a good idea, but it's now the law. and they should be free, the members of this committee, to do what needs to be done. by the way, the congressman's answer -- and i'll quote it -- i will continue to do what i have to do as a member of congress.

so, yes, we're going to move forward with the fundraiser. so what is his role as a member of congress? collect fat special interest checks from lobbyists and pacs so he can get reelected? is that husband job? -- is that his job? could it be that he should represent his district and rebuild america? we asked the leadership of the congress to have no lobbyist and pac money for the terms of these members. ..

governor of texas has seven m. they don't have to report or disclose it gives them the money. and the amount to some limited, corporate or individual, unlimited. now, these packs are supposed to be independent. independent on what? in mitt romney's case and in rick perry's case, one of these packs is run by the former chiefs of staff and berries is independent. employees of the campaign ran on various. it's no guess. it's sony.

it's a way to get around disclosure and limit. chief of staff, maximum givers, people with maxed out and eventually pulled over into the super pat, and please come the business partner. a business partner gave a million dollars last week's. they didn't want to reveal it. why not? if it's illegal? what are we hiding? d. sorry hey dan shabbily, unlimited corporations and individuals. the only candidates in my party who have them are romney, kerry, paul, bockman and huntsman. why? don't do it. i challenged them, don't do it.

join with me. let's restore some honesty and faith and purpose in this system. don't do it. they are phony. and i promise that the american public will learn every detail of every one from the special interests trying to buy influence, super packs ran for and by the candidate. in fact, do you know under interpretation of the law, the candidate of himself or herself can go to the fundraising dinner of this super pack and speak? there's no connection, is they are? it's a joke except our country is on the line. look at tanking reform which got me in this campaign. and the banker, small city. my bank is not quite the comment

built with these hands. one good loan at a time, took no penny of bailout money, not a time. and unlike the big worries on wall street, if we don't do the right thing, if we don't honor our commitments, we fail. we cratchit mortgages in the new year times every sunday, the bass. as she details the banking scams and the phony reform that we just had. we are still now, too big to fail is still the law. glass-steagall is still dead. goldman sachs is the largest financial giver and no one went to jail there. how about the homeowners? by the way, obama win his campaign kicked off, first lacey went, wall street your $35,000 a

ticket. nice reform, mr. obama. jobs for sale. the president is a great fundraiser. that's just what i'm looking for in a president. how about you? in times of crisis in times of peril, and times of an certainty, i believe the president from whichever party must be free to leave a research and nation. i ask my republican colleagues to limit contributions to the individual amount, 2500 except no pac money, no super pat, nobody is working at the fundraiser. you can do it. i've run for governor like that and be the man who spent time times what i spent.

you can do it. i got reelected to congress every time. you can do it. let obama race big dollars from the special interests. we can beat him with less because we will e. free to make the tough choices and explain to the american people what's happening, rather than some dark back room. i want to pledge for my fellow candidate since they've pledged everything else, i want to pledge he will make reform of this institutionally corrupt system a must for your leadership skills. the debate is always been between disclosure and limits. republicans generally on the side of disclosure, democrats generally for the nets.

interest in now and the 21st century. we have neither. we've lost them both. our political system has been corrupted. the supreme court has ruled anything correctly although by a narrow margin is speech. but it gives congress the latitude to magistrate, broadly based, carefully done, honoring the constitution. my suggestion would be full disclosure requirement. real-time reporting. not quarterly. every 48 hours. that's how long you can hide, 48 hours. no registered lobbyists can participate in fundraising. their choice, your decision.

for criminal penalties if violated, right now it's a joke. hands flat. nothing happens. except no packs. individuals will come. no pac money. eliminate the super pat. eliminate them entirely. i challenge my fellow republican candidates to stand with the people against the special interests. the new tyranny pulling america down, hiding in the shadows, writing the legislation, never more prosperous while america suffers special interest. i'm the only person running who has been a congressman and a governor. i fought corruption by insisting on full disclosure and reasonable limits on my life.

no exceptions. i am a main street banker turning small business around. not 1 penny of bailout. i know they need and the power of confidence in this uncertain world. they must have a president that we are confident in. we can't take a special interest money. i challenged them that president to restore the confidence. the challenge is that the next prez betsy says are in the start of. you must be free to leave. i challenge you to rely on individuals, open contributions. i challenge you to leave and institutional corruption. here i stand from day one, my rules. no pac money. one hundred dollars limit maximum. every nicholas closed. free to leave in this campaign

for me will be about developing the six-point but i laid out. about how to turn this country around. that's what i do. i took a state with 12% unemployment, broke the lowest bond rating in america. we had seven upgrade. unemployment was cut in half and it was tough. i was not popular. no was my first answer. but we script the budget. we had campaign disclosure. louisiana stood on its feet. i was only the second republican governor. we've had 2 cents then. we have turned this around. it can be done in america. i need a million people to invest $100 in, and million

families. all your gift is a free to the president who will build a team of republicans, independents, teapartiers and conservative democrats to cooperate in rebuilding america's future. i hope to make the next debate. i announced three and a half weeks ago that i was running. we are spending our weeks on end in new hampshire to earn the right. and when we make that today, we will challenge person by person to stand for this special interest and put americans back to work again. the race is wide open. you can't pick a winner, but you can make one. thank you. hold your applause please.

>> if you have questions, i would ask you introduce yourself and identify your archive nation and the question-and-answer process. to describe the interest of u.s. companies have been purged in the interest of the nation? and if so, how would you propose to realign those interests? >> good. excellent question. i don't have an easy answer, but it's too parts. have interest to verge and building a nation are building a company. yes and that's not abnormal. it's in a company's bylaws. their constitution to enhance their profit for their shareholders. and not the name ge or goldman sachs, they've done just that. they've never made more money and we find in the pursuit of money that they sometimes take

action, that changes the tax code or the budget format that will enhance their ability to eliminate jobs in america and open overseas because it's cheaper and they make more money. it's not in america's best interest always. it's like i said, i think america needs more than 8% of its workers in manufacturing. that's why nafta was the problem. we need fair trade. corporations won't profit. now, i think our interests can be aligned. i think if we have a tax code were ge cannot get off making 5.2 billion paying no taxes in america, we can eliminate the foreign tax credit. they pay their taxes elsewhere, but why should we? to do taxes owed to us for that.

we can weather to corporations. it can be 50%, up 35% or 36%. we could he simple. there are ways to align each event. one of the dysfunctional relationships though is the dependence that politicians make him the big checks and corporations are only too happy to make it. ge was the largest contributor among corporations four years ago. they contributed 4.3 million. nice investment. they pay no taxes on 5.2 billion last year. guess who helped write the tax code? guess it goes along with the president as his economic advisor? i just hope he doesn't listen to him. you know, a corporation has to make a decision. is it going to be an american headquartered corporation and

enjoy the benefits of our marines, quality of life, freedoms we have in america and not pay its fair share of taxes? or are we going to get the rate simple and have our interests converge? i think we can do it. love, i never said this in louisiana, but i went to the harvard business school. i went to school with a lot of these characters. they know me. i know them. we need their jobs. we don't need them to transport their jobs to other nations. the have to do that sometimes when there is a competitive disadvantage, but generally we have letter jobs be stolen by countries that protect their jobs. it's got to be one way or the other. will either protect our separate gender barriers.

>> politicians from both parties have talked about outsourcing for years, but they've been unsuccessful. as someone who has worked with both parties, what would it take to convince congress to pass significant trade reforms? >> cut off the big checks. she doesn't want trade reforms. daylight system like it is. goldman sachs doesn't want trade reforms. you see, they took a couple of billion dollars from libya and interested it well. lost every penny. daylight the system just like it is. you figure it out. the guys with the many don't want change. they just want power. they are making a fortune to leave the country is right now, with families in south carolina, new hampshire, iowa, louisiana, nebraska, indiana and ohio.

and nobody seems to care. i listen to a debate the other night with my colleagues. i didn't hear specific jobs plan. not one. i would do away with the disaffection in the tax code. i think section 162, which allows one to make a call center as an example overseas and may deduct the expense of that from their american taxes. it ought to be changed. we have to defend our jobs. corporations are free to move into its in their best interests. but i think it's in their best interests for america to be strong again. that's what i believe. maybe i'm old-fashioned on that. i've been to china more times than there are people in this room. i've seen the child labor. i seem tvs before i got there. the smoke was so heavy.

the acid was so strong. there are no standards. and i'm not putting wal-mart down. they've profited from that. that's fine. but we need to make something again and we need to daresay a level playing field. and there are ways to do it. i've mentioned to already scared to already fear deductibility of foreign expenses and foreign tax credit. there are others. i don't want to give away my speech a few days, but we're going to outline and it will be controversial. i admit that. i think it's right for a president to stand up for a jobs. i think it's the right to do. anybody else?

[inaudible] >> you talk a lot about campaign finance. one example is that this strikes me is when a corporation was formed in march and donated a million dollars. how does an example like that strike you as what's happening within the campaign finance is now? >> i came to me. i said a classmate scribbling scribbling my speech. and i left out a hundred examples. i mean, this transport and. independent of him, they formed, you know, this super pack, this corporation and they were going to tell anybody. you know, i don't mean to be picking on candidates. they're all guilty. they all have formed super packs. it is not right. and it is an example of the corruption of nondisclosure is the way i put it.

it is an example of having a partner and not telling her or him things that affect them. this sort of hidden shadow kind of play will not serve candidates well. this'll be an issue in this campaign. i don't know that i'll ever be a major candidate. i've been out of politics for 20 years. 16 for sure. but couldn't stand by any longer. it's not that i know everything. it's not that i'm the same. i'm none of those things, but i've been in congress. i've been governor. i have been at highest levels and have watched it work. your freedom is corrupted by the big joke. and it's part of the system of wink and nod, wink and nod.

just check out the members of the super committee or the special committee in how many fundraisers they'll have in the next 60 days. how much pac money will be collected? awesome. and not by the u.k. it's a check is evil. but how do you distinguish between the two? they end up in the tax code. they end up hurting america. it is in their best interest to have disclosure i think. and finally, let me say, you know, in each of the internet, i've gotten donations from all 50 states, folks. i've only been to for them. there is a feeling author that something's not ready. you know, people say buddy got to run as an independent. i get flooded. i changed parties once. you know, i struggle as a

conservative democrat and i voted against tip o'neill by first putting congress. i love ronald reagan. he was crucified by the press, but he turned out to be a pretty darn good president, a man of honor. but the system has gotten a lot worse. i saw when i got to congress that pacts were deliberately formed. the reason they formed was that the check would be bigger. that's why they formed an. i decided not to accept it. and it's grown my feeling is i've been in private enterprise the last 20 years, as i've been building and depended on the underinsured of my customers than myself. that checks that get in between that honor are dishonored.

our system is institutionally corrupt. i don't know of another nation that sales ambassadorships like we do. not another nation. yes, ma'am. [inaudible] >> you mentioned oil. [inaudible] >> yes, and we're talking small companies, not the majors. they got lawyers, love yours. they can take care of themselves. i'm really focused for the jobs come from and it's not from the oil company. i do think before you rely in independence, small companies to drill, there have to be certain safety standards and there have to be a reserve fund in case there's damage. i would do this sort of commonsense things. i'm talking about general approach. president obama is trying this,

but a different way. what he is saying is let's look at all the regulations and see what's bad. i am saying let's throw out all the and take back what is good. that's a completely different approach. the setting for questions? >> i'm with cnn. can you talk about how money as a systemic problem -- [inaudible] >> yes. >> what are your views on the system of redistricting congressional states? >> you can smell it. you know, i don't have the answer they are. i went through redistricting when i was governor of our state. i think we did it without controversy. but louisiana is a unique state.

french in this been kind of german and protestants like me from the north with a wonderful mixture of african-americans about a third of our population. in that redistricting we try to make sure that we didn't vantage a party, but that we gave everybody a fair shake. it was approved by the justice department and i was proud of that. there were abuses in return 13 and i've not taken the time. it's been 16 years since i've been involved to know how best to proceed. and the answer you this way. i am suspicious of the current is. i don't think redistrict team should be used as an excuse to change the nature of the state. i'll just leave it at that. yes, sir. thank you. >> governor come you talk about

your concerns about the large trade deficits and part of our economic problem. why is it no one discusses the need to balance our trade is part of rebuilding our economic strength? >> well, it's like all these candidates have taken a pledge for free trade, basic it's worked so well in america. with 12% of our gdp and trade. there's only one thing wrong with that number. we fell 12%. we find that 18%. that means the giveaway not quite a trillion dollars a year. the exact number tastier will be about 750 billion of our wealth that goes overseas. i like trade. i will have a fair trade adjustment that i'll talk about at the appropriate times in some detail and hunted to the. i think trade is healthy. it's a potential growth of jobs in america, but it must be fair

or we will end up like the trade we've had the last 20 years, where we give away fast jobs and take what's left. i mean, look at japan and germany. i mean, i have studied this. i'm an economist by training. i spent all my life looking at the world, the globe and traveling in trading, do as the banker. but the two protection in this country is for japan, which was devastated by world war ii, eliminated by safety industries in america and to invite our products go there. nice move. they are the second largest nation on earth. the biggest nation is germany. they pay their workers of matches we pay ours, if not for her. and they have protectionist trade. i think we need not to be protectionist, but to be fair

traders. and that means protecting our workers with a level playing field. and your call can now be given to g should i post you want that. we can do better, guys and ladies. we can do better. and we can maintain our trade relationships. it won't affect germany. it won't affect britain. they won't affect argentina or brazil generally, but china will be affected. trade must be fair. the people of china are great and glorious. they were part of families. i've been there many times. i honor them, that their government does not track this fair trade. they manipulate the currency and the use flavor that would not be

allowed in america. how can we compete with that? i'll tell you in just a few days. but it includes a tax revision to not reward corporations, to promote their going overseas and a fair trade adjustment. the >> what is it that protectionism is a dirty word in america? >> it wasn't what george washington. it wasn't that abraham lincoln. 460 years, our country had terrorists. didn't have any income tax, didn't need it. did not need it. income tax passed in the early 1900s and didn't really have a hold on revenue until world war ii. it was after world war ii that we adopted free-trade. it didn't work. here was our plan. we thought we would capture out the refrigerator manufacturing in the world.

you know, i read about the plan. i read it. it was an opportunity for america. they get free trade so we can go to these other countries and will manufacture the stuff. but the best. we were greedy. well, guess what? china was smarter. they said plan a, come on over. they took all the prototypes, all the plans, all the patented materials and the plants all over china. we're. for mexico or the united states. i remember a guy running for president said that great sound was the sound of our jobs going to mexico. he was right. but we dismiss that. i will he dismiss. i love this debate. they will come at me with

everything they can because they have a vested interest in the status quo. yeah, we've lots to see you, you know, 10 million, 20 million jobs. okay, though good over it. remember bill clinton's argument? will improve our education system and the workers who lose their jobs will get better jobs. in my generation, 55 and over -- i'm 67. the number of our population they graduated from high school ranked first in the world. in the page 25 to 40, we ranked 11. good job department of education. well done. do you know who is first? south korea, not even close.

look, it is a global world. i'm not going to change that. we must compete. you don't protect jobs by guaranteeing them. you've got to compete. you can't have unions do wrong things. you can't have managed to round things. the way to compete is to cooperate. that's me. i am the reach across the aisle can i reach the legion, reach across race and religion and put a team together that would rebuild america on strong economic trends the polls. and it's not just a simple speech. it will require a half a dozen or maybe a dozen strong actions. i would care if foreign oil. i would drill for a year and then start the terrorist. when president obama will select it from the price of a gallon of gasoline but ipv6.

have you checked lately? it's because our currency has been devalued. that's the policy of the federal reserve. the federal reserve is not of the jobs business. it's in the currency evaluation business and i'll make it clear. i apologize for that. [inaudible] >> okay yes. you're on every newspaper louisiana. [laughter] >> campaign reform efforts are not near. what is it about now, typically as you call your colleagues are candidates? >> good question. two things are different. the obviousness of the evidence that you know companies to be one woman, one though, one man one vote now is one a check you

win. so the evidence has accumulated. number two, we are a nation at risk. you know, i don't like to dwell on this, but it's a fact that if we continue the next 10 years like we have the last 10 years, we are in serious trouble. and i'm not saying i'm not worried about tomorrow, but i'll look 10 years down the road. that's the way my dna works. i want an america where our kids and our grandkids have a choice of opportunity in jobs, that they don't have to work for a distribution company. if they want to have a small business that their own. and campaign reform to me and i thought about eight months ago when i first had this thought, went to my wife. i love her. i think her. i said we've been happy out of

politics enacted think i'd get back in. and i might not have the chance, honey. but at the to go for new hampshire and talk about the way america should be, could be and so that's what i've been doing. i was embarrassed for months about saying i was running for president. i didn't feel and i spent all my life studying and working and getting ready to make a difference somewhere. but it's hard to say i'm running for president. but i decided there were two issues that were not going to be mentioned in any debate. at the heart of who we are, one of special interest money, bundle of money, pac money, supercop money, wall street money from the insurance money, tort lawyer money.

i said that i bet no question in the debate will ask about parody of eastern money and why and do you think money has been influenced? not ever raise, that of the legislative package end of the nation's future this issue will not be gone unless they bring it. number two, i didn't think the unfair trade says of our competitors would be proud of. i thought the other candidates would either be not knowledgeable about it for free to bring it up because it's so out of tune with the establishment. i've never been an establishment guy. i don't even call it courage. it's just 2:00 a.m. i went to challenge the status quo because i believe we can do better. i believe it.

i don't think scrubbing the budget alone is going to do it. i don't think revising the tax code alone is going to do it. we need to do more. instead of rebuilding other nations, we need to rebuild our nation. and i'd like -- and i'm not talking about the marine corps now where the army, but i'd like to small-business people of america to be organized, to stand up for themselves, to fight for america and that's what i'm trying to get them to do. it may not be me. there may be better people renting. i just haven't heard them say it name about these issues. what are they waiting for? america is dying, bleeding to death and they bring to bmd to to the tivo. i'm not impressed. now they are not impressed with me. they laughed at me.

one hundred dollars amendment. you know, he can raise a couple hard thing, maybe a million or two they say. i remember running against edward andersen, corrupt governor just out of jail. he had never been beaten and he beat me four years later. he's tough. he spent $15 million. there are there could keep a running, too. it can be done, but she's got to get right in the face of the tiger. you can't blame against corruption. you have to take it on. so my remedies are clear and can be done by anyone and i challenge the mitt romney is that the world and the rick perry's and the michele bachmann and the ron paul and the jon huntsman and anybody else who is there, herman cain.

i don't want to leave anybody out. gary johnson, who matter. i challenge them to accept this pledge. no pac money. keep your limit at 2500. i can live with that. i'll keep my templates go get the american people. i think it was energized campaign. no more wall street fundraisers. could be out with folks. they might hear something. didn't know that. anybody else clicks yes, ma'am. >> on what the national journal -- adding a mac my first question would be for the disabled future, d.c. traveling to the other primary states?

>> yeah, i will concentrate on new hampshire, but south carolina is the only place i don't have a job. and so i will sneak into south carolina. i love iowa. my first speech three months ago, on the other candidates are there. i get up in iowa, the crowd and say we'll eliminate the subsidy. my god they thought they were going to be heart attacks. my point is we can do anything together. how about xml? i thought poland tea and newt gingrich and those guys were going to die. buddy, you can't win. you can't lead. without eliminating the ethanol subsidy. what are you going to do? lack social security? that'll work. i'll concentrate in new hampshire, but i will go -- i will go across america as they have a chance, but with limited funds and i won't spend what i don't have.

you know, a big day for us as a couple thousand from all over america. but i will have been many resources and spend them primarily in new hampshire. i do sneak off into massachusetts and raise good money under romney's nose. just don't tell them that. >> thank you very much for joining us at the national press club. >> thank you. [inaudible conversations] >> thank you. >> my pleasure, thank you.

>> last week, nasa administrator, charles bolton says his only away for a spaceflight capabilities. in the coming months, nasa will begin working with private american companies on a fee-for-service basis. from the apartment speesix liberation, this is 25 minutes. >> good morning and welcome to the university of america in college park alumni center here in college park, maryland for today's nasa future for them. this is the first to 2011 for

nasa and were excited to have you here in the audience that her audience live on nasa television. ross is streaming today's program on nasa tv at www.nasa.gov/mtv. for those of you who use social media, we're going to be taking questions from twitter followers today. you can follow today's program on nasa future or ask questions on our nasa technology account@ nasa technology. we have a great program with a number of panels who will be discussing nasa's future and our role in america, the economy of maryland and the economy of the nation. today we have our first panel will be starting off with some leaders from nasa followed by a number of panels on innovation, technology, education and the future. i like to take this opportunity to welcome her house for today,.dirk pat o'shea.

can't knock [applause] >> friends, colleagues, distinguished guests, i am delighted to welcome you on behalf of the university of maryland to the nasa future for a period math that is the modern embodiment of our primal desire to understand the heavens. and it's 53 year history, the technology developed far and by nasa has been brought -- have brought the heavens to earth and have been able crew dilettantes is and how we do with water, health care, energy, the environment, food, information, infrastructure, transportation and security. as you can probably tell from my accent, i grew up in ireland and one of my earliest memories in

the 1960s as a drawing i made it a big rocket, saturn five. picture u.s.a. and nasa on the side and that was the apollo 11 rocket. a few years later i remember after apollo 13 astronauts visited my hometown and had a foreign and nice and i can. i didn't have a ticket. i was a young kid and their members standing in the back and looking at the brave astronauts in thinking of all the things they've done in all the scientists and engineers who have supported them before the luncheon during the critical stages of their return to earth. that inspired me to be kind to scientists and technologists like it has several generations of children worldwide. so here i am at the university of maryland, which is a globally preeminent institution renowned innovation in education.

as vice president and senior research officer, i oversee an enterprise that closely coupled's creativity, innovation, entrepreneurship and education to create a brave new world and to educate the leaders of that brave new world. as befits the nasa mission, we are in the business of educating explorers here in maryland, not simply training to race. in maryland we have been very good so many years and nasa projects, ranging from comet hunting to climate monitoring. in today's nasa for them, we will act to fully discuss the role of technology, innovation, business, science and education in our future space exploration plans and in sustaining economic development and competitiveness. we have gathered together and nasa leadership, technologists,

scientists and engineers along with leaders from local business comes time, technology and education to discuss that helps guide to future role of nafta fancy and innovation technology, science, engineering and education in a way that benefits our community and the nation. nasa today stands at a critical juncture. will it adapt to new requirements placed on it by its own successes over the past half-century? and also by the changing economy and will it continue to contribute to our nation's progress in new ways? will it continue to inspire budding scientists and engineers like it did in the many years ago? masi today's seeks to fortify us crucial relationships of academia and business, which now more than either could be vital

partners as nasa ventures into the future. our foreign today will exploit major areas of interest and help attendees understand the issues, opportunities and the ways they can help ensure nasa is continued leadership. thank you. i would now like to introduce our most distinguished guests, nasa administrator, trained at an. he is an extraordinarily accomplished individual, a highly decorated graduate of the u.s. naval economy and not placed a major general in the marine corps and astronaut. in 2009 he was a nasa administrator by president obama. please join me in welcoming, transcendent. [applause] >> thank you all very much,

especially thank you, transfixed. i was trying to apply for him, but nobody helped me. i liked everything he said. since i am the nasa administrator, going to try something here today. i brought my ipaq. if you see me stumble, several things have happened. the battery may have died, i may have hit the wrong button and lost my place in my remarks or i may be scrambling to get my paper back up. so bear with me. it's really special to be here today. i see a lot of friends and former colleagues and that's great. what i don't see ari about it faces, except in the back. i would really like to see a lot more faces like several of those in the back who look like they have not been around for the last 10 or 20 years.

so i'm disappointed in that regard. however, i hope as the day goes by, i hope they are looking at the agenda and seen they are going to get all those bureaucratic hoopla out of the way and they are just waiting for the panels and then they will show a. i see the first panel members over there going yet, we're not going to start on time, so come about 9:00 and you can catch the first panel. i'm hoping we will see more then. it is an incredible opportunity whereas. congress and the mad race is on her way and will be your. i'm going to say something out but hopefully someone will pass very because i do want to thank the congress for the bipartisan support that they continue to give to an asset. i know for those of you who don't see what we go through every day, you don't believe that. but we continue to get bipartisan support on the.

nasa and space exploration in aeronautics and things like that still remains something that tends to be bipartisan. and we are strong advocates no matter what party, no matter what segment of what party since even the parties today have parties. so i do want to thank her for the leadership that she continues to exhibit in the congress as a vocal advocate for nasa. the maryland congressional delegation as a matter of fact has been a particularly in earnestly helpful to us in ensuring that the goddard spaceflight center, the hubble space telescope and other nasa assets in maryland have been fully supportive. i think the entire delegation for their steadfast support of the agency and the aerospace sector. by what he thank you again, transfixed, you and the university of maryland for hosting us today because i am

not sure that this is the first-ever -- everybody says now. okay. first of 2011? okay, so i can say it's the first this year. , for hosting the first d.c. or other future forums. and when bobby braun and i were talking about it yesterday, we hope there'll be other universities around the nation that will follow the example of the university of maryland is sending today so we can take a show on the road and have an opportunity to listen to the american public as much as we talked because that's really important. the future forums are wonderful gatherings and mainly because nasa is, always has been and always will be in the future business. it's been our job to conceive what might be possible, even though it might seem out of reach. in marginally human and technological resources to make it reality. i cannot help -- my wife hates

to see me come in the house and turn on the television because she knows i'm going to switch to the talking heads. i just have to do it because they have such wisdom. yeah, you got it. but it's still interesting to listen to god and listen to people who supposedly are leaders today who speak with such pessimism. you know, we can't do that. we won't. we are very optimistic about the future, very optimistic about what can be done. and i think we are that way. any of you in nasa hands are used to be nasa employees know what i mean when i say we take science fiction and turn it into science fact and that is the way we live every day. and it is fun. we think it's important and we hope that today he'll help us to at least dance the efforts that

we have. right now the agent he has good pleaded one enormously effective chapter in our history with the retirement of the space shuttle that we are writing the next one as we gather here today. the shuttle was an experimental vehicle throughout its lifetime. you know, a lot of people don't want to admit that. the shuttle was never operational. it was always an experimental vehicle. i don't know that any of us had nasa ever thought that nasa would be sent and that we can truly consider operational. when you have found thing that's on the cutting edge of technology in many respects, it is stored as a -- i don't know, it's a strange vehicle because when you're in the cup they come here and 1870s. and when you look at things like the main engines and mrs. stuns, alpha magnetic spectrometer, some of the experiments that to

the international space station commander speciation itself is the cutting edge of technology and it represents streams to be quite honest, things that have not even been fulfilled yet. so it has showed that while we want to advance technology and science, in some cases you have to use, you know, modern day, current day assets to you do that. so i said not only because we have a big title going on within nasa and without, between moving into the future and preserving some of the past. and i contend that you can't, you know, if you forget your past and he just kind of shake it off, you don't have anything on which to stand beard when you're trying to reach higher points or reach a top shelf company skype has something to stand on. and when you take the things you stand on the way and think you're just going to jump, make

big leaps, then i think we may be missing the boat. for starters, as i said, shuttle is critical to the assembly of the international space station. it's the size of a football field with human beings 24/7 for more than 10 years now but which will produce breakthroughs for exploration until at least 2020 and we are just about completed the certification of the international space station through 2028. what continue to study with the shuttle taught us as we work with partners to develop the next generation of transportation systems to lower the orbit and beyond. nasa is now handing out the transport to the space station to american industry so that we can focus on a new series of furs, like sending humans to an asteroid and eventually to mars. we have the opportunity to raise the bar, demonstrate what human beings can do if we are challenged and inspired to reach for something just out of our

grasp, but not of our sites. let me take a break here. just a show of hands, how many of you think you know what the gap is going going to be between american capability to take things to low earth orbit between the end of shuttle and the onset of the next american capability to do that? who thinks they know that? who thinks it is in terms of years, whether you know or not. who thinks it is in terms of months? this in terms of months. we will be flying american vehicles to the international space station and less time than it took us to recover from challenger or columbia. and that is a message that i have failed to get out. that is a message that we had nasa, a message that the administration has failed to get out. you know, orbital sciences and space sites are just two companies that are industry

bidders, to take over the responsibility for access to low earth orbit. last december, space backs demonstrated their ability to get a vehicle to low earth orbit, to orbit it come to safely do witt and recover intact. so they've demonstrated that capability. it's never done by a private company in my knowledge. orbital science or might appear in dulles, virginia is on the verge of flying their first demonstration. ..

>> we're not dependent on the russians, the japanese, the europeans. we are developing an american capability that will be available very soon. that does not mean you throw away your international partners because we still need them to fill out the gap for being able to take the amount of cargo that we want to take to the international space station. president obama has given us a mission with a capital "m" to focus on the picture of exploration and the research capabilities that will be required for us to move beyond. the president is asking us to harness the american spirit of innovation, the drive to solve

problem and create capabilities that is embedded in our story and led us to the moon, great observatories, and to humans living and working in space possibly indefinitely. that american ingenuity is alive and well and will help us create and win the future, but only if we put aside our differences and come together to work hard, dream big, and imagine endless possibilities. working together nasa, academics, and industry will create new technologies, develop new capabilities, and increase the knowledge and understanding of the fragile world on which we live, and that, i think, is the essence of what you will be doing here today, and that's what's happening right now across the board in nasa's work. just last week, we sent juno soaring to jupiter where data

about its surface and core will be made possible by efficiency advances in our solar cell technology pursued by nasa over the past few years. juno will operate further from the sun than any operational spacecraft weave ever flown. that's no small feat. this is applicable to other explorations and may make a difference to our energy future here on earth. last month dawn arrived in orbit around the as troid vesta and it could provide missions with human body. tomorrow, we get a look at the laboratory appropriately named curiosity before it's been in its decent stage and we move into the november launch. curiosity will have more high powered science instruments on mars than we've ever had before

and it's a step along the path to venture humans to the red plant. next month, our return to the moon to understand the gravity field with grail, a set of twin satellites. npp launches in october to better understand our home plant and those are just a sampling of the huge array of missions already in space and coming up. to reach the destinations of tomorrow, we're working on a new crew kit capsule and studying the path we want to take for a heavy lift rocket to take humans into deep space where we've operated for the past 30 years. the initial investigation of in-space propulsion, radiation protection, and life support technologies that complement these two deep space systems are prioritized and worked into the pipeline even as i speak. looking further into our space future are the 30 # visionary

concepts that our chief technology just selected under the nasa innovative advanced con cements or niac program. the advanced concepts selected for study under niac were picked for their potential to transform missions, enable new capabilities or significantly alter current approaches to launching, building, and operating space systems. matched with the 80 graduate fellowships recently awarded for basic and applied research in technology areas aligned with that -- nasa's space future missions, we are beginning to create its future and up vest in future innovators today. nasa's role has been crucial in succeeding technology and innovations that brought our nation's capabilities to the cutting edge, made america the world leader in space exploration, and made a difference in our lives every day. nasa's impact on our nation's

future, the work force, and the economy is based on investments and innovations that we had the courage to make. these investments helped us create, galvanize, and strengthen the expertise that made nasa's achievements possible. similarly, today's investments in education, science, innovation, and space technology will maintain nasa's position on the cutting edge while stimulating the economy and global competitiveness and inspiring future generations. that concept of transformative work to give future generations more capability than we have today is at the core of our work right now. nasa is at the heart of a national strategy to invest in research and development and take these con cements from the draw -- concepts to the drawing board to the launch pad. we can't -- we can't do this alone. we need your help, your ideas,

your energy, and your passion. what you're doing here today is very important, and i look forward to hearing more from you. i thank you all for working with nasa and the entire aerospace field as we move forward into a bright future of science, aeronautics, and exploration. our future is bright, and we're ready for the challenges of tomorrow. we hope that you will join us on this journey. thank you all for coming today, and thanks for letting me help kick it off. thank you. [applause] >> six months after the uprisings in egypt, hosni mubarak and his sons appeared on hearing of corruption. the former egyptian leader who served nearly 30 years pleaded not guilty to all the charges from a hospital bed in a cage

inside a cairo courtroom. here's a portion of the trial now. it runs an hour. >> translator: in the name of god, representing one of the plaintiffs of the 25th of january revolution, you're under a call upon you and the people dubbed me the lawyer of the people, and we have full trust in your justice. we ask you to implement article 301 of the criminal procedures

to press charges according to article 102, paragraph 2, regarding the use of explosives against peaceful protesters that died in our arms in al ex-- alexandria and cairo who were killed by explosives that were forbidden weapons according to the article 305 that are relating to terrorizing the peaceful population. what happened during those days was terrorism, was terrorizing the people. they brought their own thugs to tear and terror rise the egyptian people. we call upon your honor to apply

the punishment in article number 11 on former minister of interior who was implementing the orders of president hosni mubarak who was encouraging him to kill the protesters. counselor, please give us your motion. counselor, counselor, please present your motions in writing. please, your honor, we would like to second the public prosecution in pressing these charges against the accused. where's your motion? counselor, please give us

your -- your commands, your motions in writing. all counselors here attending need to present their motions in writing. can someone hand me that motion? go ahead, counselor. god almighty says you raise whoever you wish and you put down whoever you wish. i would like to congratulate everybody for the start of the month of rhamadan. god says justice is the basis of

all life, and justice is prayer. i represent 32 of the victims of the revolution of january 25th. this is a civil case. they request preparation for each victim and injured. counselor, you already gave us this motion in the previous hearing. did you pay the fees? yes, we paid the fees, the original ones. did you pay the fees for the amended motion? not yet, your honor. okay. then go ahead and pay the fees for the amended motion.

you pay the fees and then come bring your motion. the civil case against president hosni mubarak, the prime minister -- former prime minister, former minister of interior, former minister of health, five minister of information, and also the minister of the treasury because he would have to implement the ruling of the court. your honor, thank you for your patience. we would -- we move that all the crimes that took place all over the territory of egypt and your

court because that there is a clear link between the crimes in which the former president is accused then and the ones that the crimes that were committed by individual police officers or thugs. these crimes need to be lookedded at as one. the second is we would like to include all those two committed crimes and killed protesters. what else? what else? okay. pass the microphone, please, to one of your colleagues. >> translator: in the name of god, i am representing one of the martyrs and also i have a civil case. i know, mr. president, that this hearing will be adjourned a

number of times, and so that we prevent these crowding, i would like this court to allow the individuals of the people who have civil charges to be present in the court, a request from the court to allow all the individuals that have civil cases to be present. the court can also mandate that hosni mubarak, the accused, be put in the hospital of the jail, and this is something that the egyptian people are expecting and waiting for so that there's no playing with justice. these are the two demands, the two motion i have, your honor. >> translator: public prosecution? case number two.

prosecution. press your charges. please sit down, counselors, please sit down. everybody be seated. your honor, we have motions. we have motions to present to you. please, we have in the name of god, the public prosecution brings charges against the accused whose names are hosni mubarak, for their actions between the year 2000 until the year 2010 and in the period

between january 125th through january 31st 2011 in the provinces of cairo and the accused number one participated and conspired with the accused former minister of interroar at that -- interior at that time and who has been brought in front of the criminal court for his crimes in killing protesters with premeditation. that also had next to it other crimes. they conspired and they had the intention and they planned for it to kill the protesters in the peaceful protests that took place in the provincing that i

mentioned earlier who were demonstrating against the dire economic, social, and security situation in the country, and also calling for reforming through stepping down of the accused of the presidency of the public, his regime that is responsible for the situations. he allowed him -- he allowed the second accused to use the weapons and the armored vehicles to help the security forces to commit the crime. he also follow-upped with the police officers and the security forces shooting the protesters with live ammunition and running them over with armored vehicles.

he watched all that happen. we did not intervene with the authority that he had to prevent that from happening or to stop them from aggressing, and his intention was to kill a number of protesters to terrorize the others and force them to give up their demands and to protect his own rule and his con tippuation of his wiewl -- continuation of his rule. one of the police officers shot the victim who was part of one of these protests, and he inflicted the injury that led to his demise. the crime was committed according to this agreement and the plan by the former president. a number of other crimes have also been committed that accused

in many of these places that we mentioned earlier participated by conspiring with the accused, former minister of interior at that time killing victims and others whose names are in the lists in the investigation with premeditation in the way and the method that we described earlier. second, he also conspired with the accused, then minister of interior with the intent to kill others whose names are also reported in the list of the investigation with clear premeditation and planning in the way that was described earlier. number two, president of the

republic, he accepted and took for himself and two sons accused number three and number four, the donations that are described in the investigation, five villas that reached 39759500 egyptian pounds with phony contracts that were recorded in the real estate registry by salam in exchange of using his own authority with the administration province to have permits to build on a protected land which surface shows was

about 2 million square meeters in the region from the profit of the investment company named in the investigation. number three, he participated with conspiracy and help and support with public officer to gain benefits for himself. he conspired with the accused, the minister of oil at that time, and who has been brought to criminal justice for this crime to allow export and selling of egyptian gas to the company -- the gas company of the mediterranean, that is presented by accused number two salam who had been brought to

criminal court for the same crime, and he also assisted him by naming the company in a petition, and he also agreed to associate himself with him without any due process selling the gas enter with the normal world prices so they could gain benefits personally and conditions that were profitable for them between the price in the contract and the benefits that reached 2 billion and 6

million dollars that raised the benefits of his company, and therefore the crime was committed. number four also participated by con spiring and assisting a public officer that used his authority in the administration where he workedded and conspired with the foreign minister of oil to commit the crime previously discussed and helped him or assisted him in implementing it which led to a disadvantage and hurting the oil and gas sector in egypt. the difference between the price of natural gas that was actually sold and the market prices at that time, therefore, the crime has been committed according to

this assistance and conspiracy. accused number two gave a gift to use his authority to change the ownership of the properties, the villas, we mentioned earlier, which had the price of 39 million egyptian pounds registered in the real estate properties accused for numbers three and four in exchange for number one using his authority to have access to land and give it to the company he owns to the

best places as the investigation shows. accused three and four accepted and took gifts for a public servant to use his authority. each one of them accepted from accused number two, the property of two of the four villas and they are described in the investigation which value reaches 14 million egyptian pounds in exchange for their father accused number one using his authority to get real estate that was given to the company

called nama which is the property of the accused, and all of this was knowingly and by design. accused number one, hosni mubarak. yes, your honor, i'm here. >> translator: you heard the accusations and the charges that the public prosecution has pressed against you. what do you say? [speaking in arabic] >> translator: i deny firmly all these accusations. right down that the accused denies all the accusations.

accused three? yes, your honor? you heard the charges by the public prosecution, what do you say? [speaking arabic] >> translator: i also deny them all. accused number four? you heard the accusations against you. [speaking arabic] >> translator: i deny them all. who's representing the accused number one? just a minute. just a minute, please. who is the counselor for accused number one? who is representing accused number two?

defense lawyers, who is here with accused one? who is here with accused number three? accused number four? okay. you are representing all of them. the civil plaintiffs, your honor, we would like to be able to say them. representing himself and on behalf -- the civil -- plaintiff requesting reparation and also requesting the inclusion of the current minister of interior,

and also to change to alter the name. also move on the court -- speak slowly so that the clerk can keep up with you. go ahead. we also move and ask requests from the court to continue to look into these charges and give access to the evidence and not to send the case back to the previous court and for the obviously link between the two cases since the accused hosni

mubarak, form earn president, main accused in the case 1227 in criminal court as a responsible of all the security apparatus. also add bringing the police officers that were in charge those days. your honor, i would like to say something before the motion. i am representing all the

professors of egypt, and i want to say if this nation was embellished by the blood of the martyrs, now this nation is embellishing against again with this trial which is a symbol of the sovereignty of the justice to this nation that has lost its dignity for decades. our motion is to allow us to take a photo copy of all the files of court three 600 of criminal and since the two cases are integrated now, i have another motion i was not able to talk the first time. we would like to hear the

testimony of dr.-- engineer, president -- executive director of the national body for teal communication -- telecommunications, and we would like to hear the testimony of mr. muhamad, president of the news in the period between january 1st until he was -- he was relieved from his office, and also hear the testimony of the president of channel one in

egyptian tv and his capacity for his role between january 1st until he left the office, and also the president of the nile news channel for the same period , and also request to have a copy of all the additional files in the case after it was transferred to the court. your honor, counselors, let me

take a few minutes. i know you are party, and you stand for the truth and justice your honor, when a number of egyptian youth protested asking for dignity and their rights, the men and thugs of minister of interior with live am knew in addition and their weapons killed them, killed the peaceful protesters in those moments, and on january 28th, orders were given to general and to crush the protesters and to crush the

tahir square. my request is to listen to general, testimony of general as chairman of the chief of staff and general to listen to their testimonials who did they get those orders from? president mubarak was then the chief -- commander in chief. your honor, i represent the union of lawyers with --

[speaking in arabic] >> translator: in the case number 3627 in 2011, criminal requesting from the court to subpoena the minister of interior to give us the files of the security director of cairo and national -- the security of center security of administration to give us the officers who were on duty on the 25th until the 28th of january 2011. we also request that the court

send one of the judges, to send one of the judges to the administer of interior to those people and also have a copy of the footage that the national channels and the al-jazeera channels and others, your honor, your honor, please, your honor, please, your honor, we need to reach the actual accused. your honor, how are we going to get the evidence if the footage is not brought to this court?

i represent the vick timings of alexandria. we represent them in civil case, and we also request 100,000, and, your honor, our motions is to obligate the current prime minister, minister of interior, to give us the names of the officers who were on duty in those dates where the felonies and the crimes took part, took place.

lawyer, and present one the victims, your honor, i'm not going to say more than three words. i only request from your justice to take finger printing of accused hosni mubarak right now during the hearing, and i have here because all the papers they are -- they have no record in the civil registry. please, your honor, you can send someone to take their finger prints. what? what else we would like, your honor, a list of all the phone calls that took the -- the calls that took place between all the

nine defendants here since jan 1 #st until january -- january 1st until january 30th. keep it. you keep it. keep the ink. attorney, i represent the 22 martyrs from northern sina. i present my motion, 40,000 pounds for each one. one martyr salam, and the victim

hameed and others. i represent civil cases from the eight martyrs. we bring the civil case for reparation, 40,000 pounds to each one of the eight martyrs. someone give me the motion. lawyer representing the civil case, and i request from the court to exert its powers to

include in the accusation, number four that is pressed against accused number one, president mubarak in view of the transfer ruling and based on the investigation that would also as a witness. i represent the martyrs and injured in the revolution. we request from the court to include our demands first to annul the ruling of the first tribunal that transferred the

case to here for infringing the article 102 which says that when the first case has to stop. please, your honor, you need to send something else, something else. what else? what else? we ask requests from the court to include the final report of the fact finding mission that the prime ministery formed and included in the file of this case. sir, the motion in regarding the destruction of evidence of voice recording that has the recording of general which was destroyed.

i request from the court to include this misdemeanor to the felony and apply article 90. please let me finish. please let me finish, your honor. the next important motion is to, according to article 11 of the criminal procedure for the president, former president hosni mubarak, profiteering from the arms and weapons -- arms deals, and would like the court to include that as a charge. your honor, our main motion is in this case we are judging

associates. we would like the court to subpoena the minister of interior to present the names of the snipers that were active and used during the revolution so that we know who gave the order and who pulled the trigger so that this ring of asasssins and killers are all brought to justice and also request the presence listening to because he was present in all these meetings. civil plaintiff from the martyrs cairo and alexandria.

all i ask number one is to listen to general and regarding whether someone -- they were ordered or asked to do. the second is the testimony to give us the names and the role, the duty role of the officers. i would like permission to have a copy of the minutes, of the proceedings. i represent one of the victims. we would like to subpoena the representatives of other

communication companies to hear from them who gave them the order to shut down the telecommunication of their network. we request from the honorable pam to include more -- panel to include more accused to this circle. there are media circles that really insightedded the people to violence by saying that the protesters were mercenaries, that they were terrorists, that they were -- and we would like to include because on january 27, that's it -- that's it. pass the microphone. enough. counselor, representing civil case victim of aggression, and

we request reparation for our client, and we also would like to subpoena the head of the intelligence. also request reparation. i represent the mother of martyr . please, counselors who represent -- okay, you're the last one. you're the last one. we would like all these motions in writing.

give me the motion. give me the paper. i would like to request from the court to give permissions to all the people who are the plaintiffs of the civilian. there's only 30 of us there present. there are 130 outside that were not allowed to come into this courtroom. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

>> translator: we would like to request from the court to scan all the documents and all on file of this case and so that we can all have access to these documents. to reduce the court. i second my colleague and the motion for scanning all documents and put them on a cd. okay. we are going to review all the motions. no, you already spoke. okay. take the microphone and speak up. pass the microphone.

we -- i represent the victim in the sum of 10,001. i request from the honorable to order, to scan the files of -- yes, your honor, i just want to second the motion of my colleagues. all the demands are the same. all the demands, the motions are the same. we accept -- we that's not --

let's not repeat. your honor, i request from the honorable panel to integrate all the cases of killings that took place during these protests with this case. yes, counselor, this motion has been presented before. i represent osama and i also represent myself, my client was arrested and tortured by officers and he was kidnapped at 4 in the morning on january 25th, and i also bring up the case against president, former

president hosni mubarak and the president of the minister of interior. i represent martyrs, and i second the motions of my colleagues. your honor, from -- counselors, from -- we represent the states, and we bring civil charge to the benefit of the state treasury against all the accused.

number one, hosni mubarak in 3242 and the remaining defendants in the case 127 in a billion egyptian pounds. the fine -- the favor of the treasury to repair in reparation of all the damage to the public and private property relating to the crimes that have been described. the public treasury of the country has a particular article

that also dedicated a special fund to pay damages and reparation of all the victims of these people that were hurt and killed to be repaired from the moneys of the state, and to repair all the material, tools, cars, vehicles, ambulances, and everything that was destroyed due to the crimes here being brought against all these accused. your honor, as the public prosecution said that this accused committed those crimes. they caused harm to the places where they work to the

ministry. they also caused harm, financial and material, in the equipment and installations of the ministries and all the places that they worked in and other damages in fires that were started in all these places and all that derived directly from those crimes that these accused have committed and also the lack of security that was -- that was stopped during those days to create more chaos and that leading to the closure of the

stock exchange and other economic and trade activity. this makes the state and the min -- ministries part and party of this case, and they require reparation, financial reparation. the state requires a symbolic reparation and, your honor, dr. hamad, i represent myself and the if these accused have killed some of youth, but they actually assassinated all

egyptian people. the criminal charges that i brought against these people are over 100. there is one that says that hosni mubarak died in 2004, and the person we see there is an impersonator. we would like to see to subpoena a medical certificate of hosni mubarak, and also all the surgeries that hosni mubarak had and the nomination of the supreme justice.

doctors were nominated to -- what does this have to do with the case? these demands are totally irrelevant to the court. this person you see here is an impersonator. he is not the president of the republic. this is a historic -- this is a historic trial. president hosni mubarak dieded in 2004. this person we see here is an impersonator.

i request from the court to proceed to dna analysis. .. >> the counselor i have a civil case against accused one, two and four in the some of the

50,000 pounds, and one of civil liberation's -- preparation. let me bring to you in half a minute the nation listens to this. the faeroe ruled with an iron fist, told its people, he destroyed the land. today, we are here bringing at justice to this historic and civilized trial. president of egypt is here

accused of killing and planning to kill his own people, the people that gave him power for 30 years and was condemned to poverty and def. when the people cannot to protest against the dictatorship today we are not judging these crimes, only corruption and profiteering are facing a trial of rights and freedoms, the rights and freedoms that have been breached, and we ask who committed all of this. your honor, counselors, those accused are all criminals and

assassins. they sell their souls to the devil. they forgot and that they were brought in egypt. counselor, please, come on. they destroyed the economy of the country. >> someone get the microphone from him. please, pass the microphone. >> please, please, sit down everybody. everybody stays where they are. please, sit down i'm going to say it for the last time. give me the paper. give me the motion. counselors, please, sit down. please, sit down.

take all the motions in writing to take the documents. everybody sit down. >> counselor, go to your seat, to your seats coming you too, to your seat. >> [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: go to your seat, counselor, your seat. read me the paper to read give the motion and go sit down. please, go sit down.

>> [speaking in native tongue] >> translator: your honor, i am one of the victims and a plaintiff representing myself. to my lawyer was not allowed to be present. >> please, leave the microphone and ago. thank you, sir. please, doctor, go sit down who is here representing the accused? come over here. everybody, sit quiet.

with patience, we gave you room to say everything you had to say your honor, please, use the microphone. your honor, i have seven demands. number one, the lawyer is with accused one, three and four. he has following demands to clean up the flash memory that has an electronic document of the case 1227, 2011 criminal

which has been recorded by the investigator judge jay mabry 19th, 2011 s it is reported in page 108 in the second part of the copy file. print out the content of this memory and distribute to the counselors. do you have these motions written? this is technical. if it is written. are the demand is written?

these are technical. they need to be accurate. what you are asking our technical. they need to be precise. do you have all of this in fighting? yes, sir. >> the second demand to allow us to make copies, pages of the interrogation documents of the accused number four which have not been photocopied and included -- that were not included in the file that we received from the court clerk's. 43 pages to be exact. they are the reminder of the interrogation minutes, but i

found in the interrogation of the accused number 4i am missing 43 pages i would like to have. also, to listen to the testimony of the witnesses whose names are mentioned on the record and they are 1631 witnesses would like to hear them in front of the court. number four, the testimony of witnesses whose name has not been mentioned and was not even intimidated -- interrogated who is the general mohammed.

he took the assumed responsibility on the afternoon of january 28 and also hear the testimony of witnesses and the secretary of the province >> properly of course we would like the representative should listen to him. we also would like to call a member of witnesses which are all those who have been

governors i accept mr. hariri who mentioned but i would like to hear and call these witnesses from all the governors hawks. [inaudible] and the current governor. the last request, your honor, that please rule on mauney request. on july 26th regarding the permission of the doctor in charge, of the german doctor who was afraid to come i presented

this motion since july he and requested the court to kindly rule on that. the details are in this memorandum. thank you, your honor. >> the session is adjourned. bre

>> we want to take a break from thone calls from viewers thisli morning to listen with the cairo bureau chief for "the washington post" to get an update on the egyptian president egyptian president hosni mubarak. welcome to "washington journal." in the associated press, at the egyptian judge stopped the live trial broadcast. bring us up to speed on what is going on with regards to the trial. and as we listen to you, we want to show the viewers' some footage we are getting from egypt tv. guest: the former president of egypt appears that for the second time in court today. the session ended with the judge saying he would no longer allow the trial to be broadcast live for egyptians. this was a hard fought win for protesters demanded more transparency and will likely be met with derision. it was also somewhat of a

violent day outside of the courtroom, where protesters, both pro- and anti clashed. passions overflowing about their feelings seeing the president in the cage once again. host: tell us where we are in the trial proceedings. caller: right now they adjourned until september 5. the judge decided to combine the case of mubarak and his sons with the former security chief. both accused of ordering the killings of protesters. this decision was actually met with quite exuberance by protesters and lawyers representing the families of the slain protesters. nearly 900 people were killed during the 18-day uprising. that was met with quite a lot of happiness. this is something they want to say. they want to see them all tried together. a on september 5, the court will

resume again. and right now the judges are dealing with the demands of both dead -- defense and the lawyers for the families of slain protesters. host: we are talking with the cairo bureau chief of "the washington post." looking at footage that we got from egypt tv that was recorded earlier today in. in washingtonpost.com, you can see some of the writings of ms. fadel. the protests and demonstrations calling on the outside of the trial, do they show any signs of subsiding as the trial has been put on hold until the beginning of september, or will they just -- keep on rising through this? guest: at the end of the trout the protest were subsiding slightly. it was not huge crowds, a few hundred on both sides. but the passions over the road

and there were a lot of boxed throne, bottles, and at one point the worst mass shankar's and vehicles. a huge security presence today, much larger than the first day of trial on august 3. riot police were out in full gear. but there is concern at this trial could further destabilize egypt, especially if it does not go the way people wanted it. a poll showed 76% of egyptians would like to see mubarak tried and convicted and many would like to see him with life in prison or the death penalty. protesters against mubarak today were holding nooses and carrying signs of sign, we are sorry, mr. president, your execution has been delayed. this is a very passionate time, historic in the sense that people are watching their former president be tried by the system he put in place. host: we are running out of time, but i wanted to ask you briefly, for those who might be watching either on egypt tv or

some other a outlets, describe for us the differences, the major differences between a trial in -- and a trial in the united states. guest: here in egypt, of the defendants are held in a prosecution cage in every court room. the prosecution of the state lodges the charges against the defendant and there is a panel of judges who oversee the court room. the defense attorneys of these late defend the defendants and there are also a series of lawyers advocating for the families of the protesters, that are separate from the state prosecution. host: of last question -- can you tell us how this is being played out, how the trial was being played out by other leaders in the region looking in on this? what are their feelings? guest: i think this is very disconcerting for them. egypt, after tunisia, was one of

the first revolutions of the arab uprising or the arab spring, as the culprit now and syria where president bush are out -- bashar al-assad it is suppressing, and gaddafi, calling for people to liberate libya from the rebels, this may cause them to dig in their heels harder because they are watching a half apart, another dictator, go to trial and be behind a cage in a bed with an ivy to in his arm. i think this is very concerning for him and probably and end they don't want to see for themselves.

next, a discussion on the tactical operations unit which conducts covert court authorized burglaries'. it's 40 minutes. >> today we are kicking off a week-long series lookingod at tg fbi. inside the fbi, different aspects. tomorrow we will getrrorism. counterterrorism. wedne wednesday the programs sdof the fbi -- of the fbi. today we begin the series with ronald kessler, author of the new book "the secrets of the fbi." the first chapter is about the tactical operations unit. what is that? guest: it is a euphemism for bugging and wire-tapping.

about 20% of the book is devoted to this. i could not believe the fbi would give me this. in my first interview on the subject with the person in charge, and wondered if he the one of us would be arrested -- i wondered if either one of us would be arrested. someone questioned whether the third-ranking fbi agents should be giving me this. i am still amazed. when someone asks me how i get them to talk, i usually say that i would water board them and that worked well. host: has this unit been around for a long time? guest: in terms of the sophistication and size and this

particular name, it has been in recent years. they break into homes, offices, and even indices -- embassies to plant bugging devices without getting caught and shot as burglars. in an embassy, they could be thought of as burglars. they do go in with weapons drawn. no one has been shot so far. there have been a lot of close calls. to make sure they do not get shot, they spend weeks beforehand casing of the target with surveillance. on the night of the break-in, they will have agents who watch anyone who might go back to the premises at their homes. if they start to go back, they will divert them.

they may just as police officers. they may open a fire hydrant. they may stage a phony traffic accident. if there is a dog on the premises, they will take a photograph of the dog before hand. they will show it to a veterinarian on contract. he will prescribe the right amount of tranquilizer that is shot into the dog with a tranquilizer gun. they wait, before they leave to keep from arousing suspicion. -- they wake up the dog before they leave to keep from arousing suspicion. they will create phony fronts to houses that they used to shield them as they are picking locks. they will take a picture of the front of the house and blow it up.

they also create phony bushes with the same idea. shents hide behind tehe bu and pick the lock from behind the bush. there are seven teams with about 10 agents on each team. they go around the country doing this. there are about 400 operations or break-ins a year. they are thoroughly covert. they operate under cover so that no one would even know their name. if there stopped by the police, they would have a phony name that is totally backstopped by social security and other i.d. they have ups uniforms.

they may introduce static on the phone line. he calls the telephone company. they say they will be right over. they send over agents in a telephone truck. they replace or fix the phone and put a bug in it. host: you refer to this as legalized burglary. guest: that is the term the person in charge used for court- sanctioned burglars. it is a half-joking reference because it is authorized by court order. at the same time, their job is to be burglars. they have incredible stratagems to cover up what they're doing. host: do we know how much they get of the fbi budget?

guest: it is at least $40 million. an additional sum comes from the national security budget. i do not know the total. there are about 1000 please assign to the total operation called "operational technology." and includes the wiretapping. i went to the facility that does irginia.quantico, va no reporter had ever been there before. there is a picture of in my book, "the secrets of the fbi." that is all dedicated to tacops and making bugging devices. they deploy the agents from a separate place offsite. that means it is totally secret.

there's no way to identify it as fbi. to the outside world, it looks like an industrial complex. host: you said that they will break into indices -- embassies. guest: if they were caught as burglars, they would be shot. there have been close calls. in one case in new york, agents were planting bugs in a mafia apartment. one of them was about to do a big hit job. they thought they knew where he was. they did not. they heard his key in the lock. they jumped into the bathroom. one of the agents was in the shower with his gun drawn. the other agent turned on the water in the sink and took off his shirt and pretended he belonged there. this hit man fell for it.

when he left, he told them not to forget to shut the door behind them. host: the first phone call is from virginia. go ahead. fbi havedoes the information about the military? i have heard people talk about maybe some of the big military brass with republican views are causing some of the incidents over there. jimmy carter said the recovery team over there to get the marines. they had a big helicopter crashed and made him look bad. more recently, there were the 31

people who got killed in the helicopter crash. what do you think about that? guest: it sounds like you have a conspiratorial frame of mind that the fbi knows everything or causes problems and crashes. the fbi did become heavily involved in the effort to kill osama bin laden. they trained the navy seals on how to pack up evidence. over 100 items were seized better now in the custody of the government. they were never able to match his fingerprints. they thought they had his fingerprints on papers seized earlier. it turned out they did not match the fingerprints on the body. let's not create another conspiracy theory. they did make a match using dna and facial recognition software.

in the end, they were never able to match his fingerprints. host: someone wants to know about the sources and whether they were anonymous. guest: most of the book is based on on the record interviews. they were done with current or former agents who had inside knowledge of what they're talking about. in one case, they brought out things that have never been brought out before. just after the death of marilyn monroe, a teletype came in from the agent in charge in los angeles saying that just before his death, he let his personal car to bobby kennedy to go see her. i confirmed with his children on

the record that he would lend his personal car to bobby kennedy to go see marilyn monroe. i suspect he broke up with her before the death. that is just one of the secrets of the fbi. host: clearwater, fla., you are up next. caller: why would you reveal this confidential information to alert the enemy? why should the enemy and those who do evil things be aware of this? guest: some fbi agents did raise their eyebrows because this has been so secret over the years. nobody has been given access to this. the executive assistant director of the fbi knows a great deal about what could or could not be revealed. he decided to do this. he consulted with other top people at the fbi.

he ultimately got the approval of the fbi director to give me this. if the fbi does not know what should or should not be secret, we are in big trouble. they certainly did not give me everything. it is four chapters of the book. it is so unbelievable. you would not want to put it in a movie because no one would believe it. there are some techniques that are still secret. they gave me a lot of techniques on how they pick locks and if the alarm systems. they send the agents to elevator school to learn how to take control of the elevators. if they're going to bug an office building, they will take control of the elevators.

they will come out the next morning wearing business suits so no one is the wiser. host: in 2009, there were more than 800 agents that graduated. they do 20 weeks of training. they do realize cases at quantico. they must shoot 80% or better. they have 90 hours of training on tactics, operations, undercover intelligence, etc. how does the training for tacops agents differ? guest: the whole idea of the fbi academy training for new agents is to give them a general idea. when they get into specialties, then they get much more training. in the case of tactical

operations, they want agents who are quick on their feet and can come up with a cover story is a week. about 20% are females. they may have a male and female agent walking hand in hand. tending their boyfriend and girlfriend. -- they may have a male and female agent walking hand-in- hand pretending they are boyfriend and girlfriend. these agents have to be especially willing to take risks. it is unbelievable. you could be in an apartment or embassy and get shot. host: if they were caught or shot, with the fbi -- with the fbi -- would the fbi denied the operation was happening? guest: no, it would be legal

because it was authorized by court order. host: how do they recruit for tacops? guest: current agents will sound out who might be good. they travel all over the country. they put bugs in rylhode island for the mafia. they bugged a mafia induction. they also put bugs into the john gotti social club that helped to lead to his arrest. at the engineering research facility and offsite, they will

make a vase or lamp with a bug on it. they may send an agent posing as an exterminator to take a picture of a vase in the house. they make a replica of that and put a bug in it. then they put it back in the house. i was shown a bug that was the size of a postage stamp. it could record for 21 hours or transmit remotely in stereo. that is one of their little techniques. they could put it in a book, a battery for a cell phone. i was allowed to interview current agents at the engineering research facility.

my battery ran out in my reporter. they brought me a new battery and said it had a bug in it. host: victoria is calling from new york. caller: this is fascinating. do they use this to discredit political candidates? this is kind of scary. guest: under the reign of j. edgar hoover who created the fbi and made it into the world's most admired agency, there were massive abuses. the fbi engaged in political

surveillance often at the direction of presidents. they were wiretapping. there were illegal break-ins. you would develop what mail files on members of congress and the president. i document that. a lot of formal agents -- former agents will say it is a myth. it is not a myth. the former head of the washington field office of the fbi says that is exactly what they did. we need to be vigilant about the fbi and government. no actual abuses been found since the hoover days. there has been sloppiness and mistakes. i go into some of those in the book, but no actual abuse. host: we're talking to ron kessler about the tactical

operations unit. our focus this week is looking inside the fbi. mr. kessler said the budget might be around $40 million. we do not know exactly what the budget is for this unit. the fbi budget request overall for the agency for 2012 was about $8.1 billion. in fy 2011, the budget is broken down among the different departments. we did find for the 2012 request line items for electronic surveillance. it was about $4.5 million for 13

new positions. you can see the current services with 45 positions. that includes five agents at a cost of about $40 million. we go next to bloomfield, conn.. caller: my question is why are they releasing this? he only wants to sell a book. why would he detail operations so that the enemy would know what the fbi is doing question of these are people working to defend your country. host: what do you think the motivation was for making this transparent? guest: i think they trust me to tell a straight story.

the head of all this said he thinks people should know how their money is being spent. there is an additional component from the national security budget that is not revealed in the budget figures. there are a lot of funny stories. in philadelphia, they have to bug a mafia front that was an electronics store. they did not want to go in the back because it could be booby trapped. they have to go in the front. the tacops agents rode a city bus. they drove in front of the establishment. they pretended the bus had broken down. they pick the lock.

nobody from the bar across the street could see them. the bus went around a corner while they were putting the bugs in. the bus came back. there were two patrons at the bus stop there were furious because the bus did not stop for them. they finally got on the bus. the agents did not realize they were not with them. the agents started taking off their weapons and equipment. the agent who was driving had just learned how. the passengers were wanting off. they really started ringing. the agent who was driving realized what was going on. he let them off. they went running down the street and no one ever heard from them again.

host: how long do these missions take from conception to execution? at what point does the test operations unit get involved in an operation? guest: it gets involved in very high-profile cases, usually when there is enough reason to believe there is criminal activity or a terrorist plot. it could be three or four weeks where they do the surveillance. they even try to figure out the sleeping patterns of the occupants and when they go into deep sleep mode. they try to come up with any eventuality that might interfere with the operation. host: someone wants to know how you double check your information. how did you know what they were telling you was correct?

guest: when a former director tells you how it is done and shows you a bug engine interview the people in charge, i do not think there is a lot of reason to doubt the story. i present a very detailed account. it is all on the record. i was not able to use one name because that person was still under cover. i explained that in the book. for other secrets, and also get cooperation -- i would also get corroboration. i did that with the marilyn monroe story. in the case of vince foster, i had on the record interviews with the fbi agents who did the investigation. the fbi determined about a week before his death, he was

depressed. hillary clinton had a big meeting in the white house with foster and other aides about her health care legislation. she disagreed violently with an objection he raised about the legislation. in front of all these white house aides, she totally humiliated him in this meeting and said he was a small town hick

the courts and the other one is in criminal cases but in both cases, a court order is required. >> host: we will go to jeffreytn next in illinois. [no au democraticdi call, go ahead. wht >> caller: hello. >> host: good morning. >> caller: how are you doing? >> host: question or comment. >> caller: [no audio] caller: about al qaeda creating [unintelligible]

would this be a problem in the united states for them knowing about our mechanisms that we have put in place? guest: the other side knows that we do this. they do the same thing to us in the case of the russians. that is not a big secret. the judgment of the people who do this was that this was something that could be revealed. i have to tell you i am still shocked that i was given this material. host: republican ellen from michigan. caller: i have a comment and a question. my comment is that with all the new technology that has increased, every day there's

something new. i believe it was last week the air force or nasa let it be known about the fastest airplane that could travel like 13,000 miles an hour. you come out with this book revealing fbi secrets. you are letting known the old techniques. there are so many new techniques. we have no way of knowing how advanced the techniques are. guest: there are very sophisticated techniques used that were not given to me. a lot of them are very arcane, electronic devices. in terms of the basic story is and how they approach it in some of the actual incidents that have occurred, this is something that was thought to be something that could be in the book.

the fbi went into a mafia home in las vegas. they thought there was only a dog there. when they open the door, a cat ran out. they had to get the cat. if the cat disappeared, the people would know the fbi had possibly been there. the agents had night vision goggles and were on walkie- talkies describing this cat. about an hour later, an agent radioed that the habitat in custody. they brought it back. it started hissing at the dog the dog started chasing the cat. they thought that was strange. the next morning, they were listening to the bugs they had planted. a lot of times to get rid of people, the fbi will say they got a free trip or dinner. they will go out for that

reason. these people came back and found it was the wrong track -- cat. luckily, these people started rationalizing to themselves that may be the wrong cat came in through the trapdoor. was another case in new york where the fbi was putting bugs in a mafia social club. there was a difficult padlock. they had to bang on it in the middle of the night. a lot of times they will use a jackhammer in the neighborhood to cover up the sounds. in this case, there was a mafia apartment right next door. mafia people were playing cards. they heard this noise. they knew they had been bugged by the fbi. they thought it could not be the fbi because they would never make noise like that.

host: how much to the costly research and develop new ways of doing operations? -- how much do they constantly research and develop new ways of doing operations? guest: there are some locks that are really hard to defeat. it could be used by an embassy or sophisticated terrorist. they also farmed out projects to national laboratories to build bugs and ways to defeat things. they do have techniques. before they go into a location, they will have a device that can see under doors what might be there. they have other devices to detect radiological and biological elements that could be harmful. in some cases, they want to stop

a terrorist attack using those elements. they also consult with the cia. they would say they are equal. about twice a week, the executive assistant director meets with his cia counterparts. they do the same things overseas. the plant bugs, steal codes, and generally have a good time. they seem to trust each other. host: the tactical operations unit is our topic this morning as part of our week-long series looking inside the fbi. we go to a democrat in florida. caller: i am calling about some of the information we are being given. as i grew up, our fears about russia were that there were the secret police who could take you away in the middle of the night or enter your home at any time. i do believe we do not any longer require court order that

-- we do not any longer require a court order. the fbi or cia can bypass that. maybe within 48 hours they are required to get an order. i would like information on the case where the fbi planted explosives and an toironmentalist's trunk frame them to be charged as a terrorist. guest: with the wild conspiracy theories, ask yourself if you think the fbi could pull off killing people. they have no reason to do that. they could do that and it would still be a secret. it would not give out. the 72 hour limit you mentioned is for an emergency intercept.

let's say osama bin laden was calling someone in new york to detonate a device. nsa picked that up. do they need a court order to listen to that when the conversation has already taken place? by the time you get a court order, the conversation is over. in some cases, you need emergency authorization. with all of these things that have occurred, no abuse has been found. if you do not let the fbi do wiretaps, why do you let them have weapons? at some point you have to trust law enforcement. if they do wrong, prosecute. have oversight, which we have. both the extreme left and right have these conspiracy theories

and the idea that the government is watching everything we do as if they have nothing better to do than listen to phone conversations for no reason. the reason we have not been attacked cents 9/11 is because the fbi and cia -- the reason we have not been attacked after 9/11 is because of the fbi and cia. every few months, the fbi has arrests of terrorists. that is the bottom line. that is why we have not had an attack. that is why we have been safe. host: ron kessler is our guest. "the secrets of the fbi" is his new book. let's go to david, a republican, in st. louis, missouri. caller: earlier you said that

the fbi could come into somebody's house undercover. if they are shot and killed, the person who killed them would be liable because they had a court order. obviously the fbi will not announce themselves of who they really are. how would somebody really know who they are? they might be a real burglar. if they are shot and killed, how is that person down libeable? guest: presumably the body would be found in someone with no this happened. there was a case in cincinnati where an agent did have to kill an individual who saw them putting a tracking device under his car in the middle of the

night. he came out with a gun. he would not put it down when they told him they were fbi and to drop it. it sends chills down the spines of tacops agents because that is the last thing they ever want to happen. in one case, they went into a home and the alarm system was not on. they wondered if someone was there. they thought maybe they missed it with surveillance. they thought someone might be on the premises. they have their weapons drawn. they heard "hello." they were about to target someone with their weapons. it turned out it was a parrot. caller: i want to ask about one of the great successes of the fbi with regard to the world trade center bombing. it was revealed in the press

that the fbi set the whole operation of. they trained the driver. they built the bomb. they set the whole operation of. host: that is david's opinion. we go next to warren in ohio. caller: it is inconceivable to sell a book or a peer and expose all the things the fbi has done. to say the fbi can do all of these miraculous and mysterious things in foreign countries at night, and then get the answer that if the fbi did this in the united states that it would not be revealed. c-span should really look at this kind of exposure in this climate right now. it is not helping us whatsoever to expose it. the other day, they showed what the navy seals did. they showed what kind of equipment they have, how many are in the unit. they showed their