>> why is it seeming like in america that there's a certain group of folks, and maybe

they're not thinking of this but it sort of comes out that way, that there need to have more and better and bigger and perfect can end up being as their home, can be more important than simply living next door, somebody living in another community, this sort of inequality sense, the notion of home come and get how it becomes skewed in terms of some of these issues come how we are destroying our larger home, the earth, by some of the practices that we are doing as americans. and when you go to visit other countries is a look at us, when i talk to them about these issues, are you kidding, you have these gated communities with perfect alarms, do you know what i mean? i'm wondering if you thought about that at all in what you think about it did, if i raise up for the first time for you? >> i believe a generation of people have a new understanding about not only the earth but

also the connection that we have with each other. that's what i'm hoping we can get to it as we can change. we've already changed in many ways how we think about the earth. i mean, imagine 10 years ago, i didn't recycle. and now it's the norm. so we can do that. people talk about we can't really change people in a short period of time. 10 years ago if i have sat here 15 years ago, i don't know about the church, but in most public settings people would have been smoking cigarettes. and we have changed that. so we can change our thinking. i to talk about the role of this whole gated community. and basically, gated communities, larger houses, more exclusive, if you will, neighborhoods. and really the sort of individual homes have become afford. so whatever i do in my home is

my business and doesn't impact anybody else. i think that's what you are talking about. i really believed that is not sustainable. we believe that we can just move away from all of these old issues and inequalities, and that they don't have an impact on us. but if anything proves that what we do impacts everyone, the ecology does that, this whole greening of america rings that to our attention. and i guess if you would, i'm hoping that we can have something like that when you think about financing and homeowning, and even rental property. if we can think about the connection between a child living, currently living in a poor section of town, their ability to find a home and be in a home in america, and the

ability of an individual who has been living in a gated community, that those two things are related. if we can do that, then i think we'll have made some progress. it may take a generation for it to happen, but we've got to begin to work now. >> the community garden or this home guard or the victory garden as they had back in the depression is a lovely way to bring that notion of home and ownership, not ownership but love of the earth. >> one of the things i proposed at the home summit, and in a summit, the best of worlds, there would be people from all communities who we have an opportunity to contribute. and so that is idealistic. i understand that, so be it. but i think that's the way we can start to understand how and why it's important for all of us.

>> hi. my question is, or an observation i was making, if we grant privileges on the basis of something as superficial as skin color, what we all have to lose is where promoting a culture of mediocrity and we are not advancing people based on their skills and what they have to contribute. we are using something superficial to judge people, and i see it in the mortgage crisis, too. i thought of my own situation when you were talking. i'm a homeowner. i went to apply for a loan. i had a subprime mortgage for 8.9%. i want to apply for a competing mortgage, and the officer who wanted to help me set if you want to get this loan, you need to check off this box, and it was ethnicity. and the box was caucasian. he did say that. he said if you want to get this loan you need to check off this

box. and i had too much pride to check off that box. i checked off african-american, and, of course, they didn't get the loan. i totally related to what you're saying and i was able to refinance later on in get a much better rate, but i just wanted -- >> thank you. >> and i want to ask you. want him to say the people who point to the individuals such as obama or yourself, and say that racism no longer exists and we have arrived? >> well, to answer that question i would really direct you to chapter seven in my book, reimagine equality, and in that chapter one of the things i do is i look at the pleadings in these cases in illinois and in maryland and memphis, and i see

really what the legacy of racism in lending practices has resulted in, that in 2005-2006 you had loan officers, according to the complaint, you had loan officers saying that they would go out granny hunting, looking for women, older women to sell bad loans to, basically, or to take revenge of financially. you had lending officers referring to certain loans as get a loans, and saying that certain people who lived in certain neighborhoods typically community of color didn't deserve any better. and so what it says to me is that racism may not exist for most of us to see, but look behind the curtain just a little bit and you find that exists there and that they are really,

and in this case i believe have the capacity to bring down a whole financial system. >> professor hill, first, i applaud you for being courageous today and in the past, and for standing up because it's so difficult to do that some days. i'm an italian american, so my grandparents came your around 1905 and they came with an idea of seeking something better. and made things better or it might all go was the last chief of police in this great city of cambridge, now they have commissioners. but my question is, and i have a concern, in this world that we are in there are so many students that are saddled with loans of over 100, 180, $200,000. and they are basically what,

working for the man, and the answer to sallie mae, freddie mac, and the rest. and my hope as this president, and they voted for him, became president, that they would be some magic am some sort of fund that would be created to save the students so that the students wouldn't be paying these loans, can't file bankruptcy because it's almost impossible to get away from a federally funded student loan. there's nothing they could do. and if there's some way that someone came up with some idea to free them of these shackles, he would be such an infusion of wealth and spending. that's my comment, and your thoughts, i'm sure you have thought about it, thank you again. >> the cost of education has, as you say, have skyrocketed. at a lot of times students are saddled with debt.

there are a few programs, a few government programs that allow students to get out from under those debts, but those have really been diminishing over the last few decades. and it is a tragedy. i went to school in an era where we still have pell grants. because i qualified financially, my parents couldn't afford to send me to school, i could get a grant. those are gone. that has to be a part of our reinvestment in education. again, we've got to have a conversation so that includes those kinds of realities of people's lives. that's not this book, but maybe it's the next one. we can get there. >> hello. i am one of the grandchildren of the great migration, so let's talk about home.

because i do have this amazing inheritance i always clearly identified with my ancestors. and while we inherited the battle of racial issues would also inherited -- [inaudible] how do you suppose we go to battle at home with this idea that whatever works for straight able-bodied black men works for all of us? because i'm tired of being bothered by other people's movements. i'm tired of minot wanting to be heard as a black woman. how do you propose we continued to combat that? >> part of what we have got to think about is who is our representation. who represents us in the nation that is making these policies? let's take one example. we have lived forever with persistent ways yet for women.

it was a guest before the recession and 80 cents on the dollar, close to 80 cents on the dollar women made versus the dollar that men may. now the gap has narrowed i understand only because men are making less, not because women are making more. i don't think there's ever been an individual who, in the office, department of labor, who has actually said that every day i'm going to get up and i'm going to think about this problem of the persistent wage gap between women and men. and i'm going to think about it and i'm going to work on it until something is done. and then going to try different policies and going to promote legislation that will help to do that. we haven't had it. so part of that is representation come and who represents us and/or not they think this is a priority.

we can change that. it's not going to happen overnight. i mean, some of your thinking that's impossible, the politics of such today. but, you know, how many of you would have predicted barack obama could have been president? so i think, and the question you are racing, i do touch on in "reimagining equality" when i talk about how we do not value work coming out of the home. and typically that is the kind of work that women do, or that is done by women, not all women but is done by women like childcare, like school teachers, even something like, i raised in the chapter where talk about the hairdresser. we have got to understand and see how we undervalue women. so that's a psychological change that we have to address, but there are policy changes that need to be made as well and we have to put the right people in

place to redress those policy changes so that we can change some of the structures in our workplace. there's some legislation, some equal pay legislation that is being proposed now that would help us begin to do that. and i won't embarrass you by asking you to raise your hand if you have called your congressperson to say, pass the equal pay act, but if you haven't, please do. that would be a great start. >> high, professor hill. it's a great honor to be here and be able to hear what you have to say and learn about your new book. and i'm sorry but i have to go back to history. i think it's so interesting that you're speaking to us today when clarence thomas is embroiled in a big controversy with the money that his wife has received on

the corporation and the conflict of interest. and i wondered what you thought about that. [laughter] and i wondered what you thought about, i'm also curious, will your reaction when she came and demanded that you apologize? i can't help asking that. >> i didn't apologize. [applause] i will go about your question in a roundabout way. you said you're going to go to history and i will go to a little history. when i testified in 1991, it was really because i cared about the integrity of the court. that was what mattered to me. the integrity of the individuals who are appointed to a lifetime position on the court, that is what mattered then, that is what matters now and that hasn't changed. and i will leave the rest for you to figure out. >> you think he will be tossed

out? >> i don't know. i can speculate about that, but he can't it really, all of these question, any of the questions that go to the integrity of the justices on the court are concerned we all should have, absolutely. thank you. >> so i'm going to close on one more question on your book, and then i hope will have a book signing and many of you will purchase this terrific book. i was really struck by the separation of the american dream from, as you recently said here, this idea of purchasing a home and moving up and moving out, to this notion of home and belonging and sort of an investment and what i partially translated into a public space. meaning that our personal space and our families are also part of communities and part of the nation. i wonder what you thought of the occupy wall street idea? [applause] >> and the idea of sort of wanting to have kitchens and

community spaces on wall street. it wasn't just a protest, it's like a neighborhood. >> you know, the part that really resonates with me is the fact that just a handful of people are really taking a stand. and they are raising their voices, and they are inspiring all of us i think. that to me is what's so important about what is going on in cities all over the country. now, with all of that there are so many efforts. i know there's a journalism class here tonight. part of what i'm not hearing so much about is the meaty getting engaged with that. and that is another thing that has to happen. i think there are some recipes for their success. it starts with her engagement,

their private engagement, private risk-taking, but again, there has to be some momentum that is built up. and the media can help to do that. that's really what i'm hoping will happen when we talk about home. i just can't see that we're going to be satisfied with going back to where we were, which is the situation in the early 2000s, the first of the new century, where we were just putting so much at risk in terms of the housing market your we have come to a point of crisis, and for me it's a wakeup call, and if it requires us to go in camp out in front of wells fargo bank or to camp out in front of some of the financial

institution, so be it. but i don't think that it does. i think, my idea is that we come together, all of us have an interest, in resolving this crisis, as everybody in this room. we come together and really start grappling with the issues of how we're going to move forward. i hope you'll read the book with that in mind. i'm hoping that when you read a book that one, you will think differently the importance of home, and that number two, what do you buy the whole idea of a summit, that you do something different in the way that you act. i had a woman who said i read the book and what i did was i went and volunteered in shelters to help people who are homeless. that maybe what you do, but what i would say to you is usual voice, you should talent, use

your skills to do something. because a future generation really is depending on you. thank you. [applause] >> you're watching booktv on c-span2. 48 hours of nonfiction authors and books every weekend. spent here at the national press club, offers night, senator joe lieberman with his most recent book, "the gift of rest." senator lieberman, where is the public policy in this book? >> yeah, this is very different. i've done six books before that they've all been about history or politics or law. so this one comes from inside. i've observed the sabbath, according to jewish tradition most of my life. i consider it to be a gift,

something that anchors my life, help me re-energize, reconnect with my family, my friends, myself, my spiritual side. and so i'm essentially offering "the gift of rest" to the reader. whatever. hoping that they will see something here that will lead them to want to put a little more sabbath in their own lives. i think we are all very busy. we are all very connected by our electronics, 24 sevenths, you need to create something inside which we can take a break. >> what is a typical sabbath for your? >> well, according to the traditional jewish practice, it starts at sundown friday and sundown saturday, and the rabbis over the centuries have created some restrictions that encourage you to keep it a different kind of day. lights on and off, used cars, used money, unless there's an

emergency was somebody's health or life is on the line. and so it's really a day when i spent some time in the synagogue praying, but a lot of time with family, good food, a little bit of drink and just relaxation. >> has the sabbath, let me rephrase that, has your work life interfered with the sabbath in the past? >> i try not to let by work life interfered. i think one of the most compelling messages i have for the reader today, 2011, is how difficult it is for me as the sabbath approaches on friday to turn off my cell phone and blackberry, but how liberating it is. but i will tell you that i never do politics on the sabbath, but according to understand of my religious tradition, i carry out any governmental responsibilities that i have on the sabbath. if i can't delegate them.

so i vote on the sabbath because i think is too much on the line for me to miss a vote. i participated important national security meetings, or budget meetings, because i think the well being of the community, sometimes the life of a lot of people is on the line. but other than that i mostly enjoyed being at home, being with my family. >> senator joe lieberman, his newest book, "the gift of rest." >> here's a short author interview from c-span's campaign 2012 bus as it travels the country. >> dr. starr buck, you have written a few books on are guilty. why is it important for people to learn history through archaeology? >> it's often said history is written by the victors to read about such things as major battles, generals, military campaigns, history talks about

those who want to get talks about the famous, talked about the great events. archaeology on the other hand pops about ordinary people. we dig up the remains of soldiers on average days at their force, at the military encampments. it's the real lives of real people that archaeology gets at. history has traditionally been biased towards the famous people, the important people. to an archaeologist, everyone is important. when i do get military camps, i'm digging up the activities, the things that people were doing, 360 days out of the year. not what they did on that one or two days they were fighting during the year. so archaeologists often say it is everybody's story that we try to tell. >> and you spoke are you done multiple kinds of archaeology. how did you decide to transition

to the military archaeology at force in battlefield? >> i was originally trained in central mexico. it's fun, exciting to dig in other countries, but gradually i started to enter historical sites in america, things like early factories, gun factories. i've dug class factories, i've dug mills. but somewhere along the way the national park service act -- asked if i work at a battle for the kind of work on military sites before. i did know that when you dig of early america, people in general are drawn to certain types of things. and other things maybe they don't find quite as exciting. it was 1985 that i first started digging a battlefield, and i was amazed to find that everybody was fascinating by early military history. and it's not just memorizing facts, memorizing strategies.

people want to actually go where the action was. they want to stand with the soldiers stood. they want to stand for the battle was going on, and they want to see and touch the things of the past. a musket ball, a conflict, a bayonet, part of a musket. people want to physically connect with evidence with traces of past wars or past battles. the moment i started digging force and battlefields, many more people started signing up to dig with me. magazine started requesting articles, televisions started doing programs on military digs. books, everybody wanted books on digging up force. i never realized the level of interest exist here in america for all the old military campaigns, all the old forts. and i suddenly realized i never plan to dig afford in my life,

but all of a sudden people cared. people wanted to visit. people wanted to connect with past soldiers. and for 40 -- 25 years to i've dug up the remains of america's forts and battlefields and encampments trying to find out what a soldier's lives were really like. >> there's a lot of interest is mentioned in america with people with a force in battlefield two in the four to book it states sometimes a compromise of the material record. what does that mean? >> i'm afraid the battlefields are such famous popular sites that promote a battle was over in time in our past, local people would to send it to pick up souvenirs. and in no time at all those musket balls, those bullets, those bayonets be picked up and carried off. also, if people lived nearby, if the remains of a force were starting to crumble or starting

to rot, day care center at last, local citizen, local townspeople would always go there, grab anything they could walk off with, whether it is breaks, old fireplaces, timbers, and take them off and use them or their own houses. so military sites are compromised all the time by people wanting souvenirs and wanting things to recycle for their own use. so by the time the archaeologists arrived, there's only a fragment of what was once they're at a military site. >> what are some of the things you found that you wouldn't expect to find at fort or a battlefield? what type of things can tell the most stories? >> i think what people expect us to find would be things like a musket balls and gun parts. that's always interesting. i see lots of students get excited in finding a musket ball, i think more unexpected

things are usually the personal items, things that a soldier actually had on their body, buttons, buckles, cufflinks, anything of a personal nature and you suddenly see that button and realize a real person was wearing that, and you're connecting with a soldier from the past. i think among the unexpected things we find though, it's the fancy things. i think we assume everything is sort of standard military issue. everyone is going the same thing, fighting with the same weapons. all of a sudden you find something nice, and one fort that comes to mind is fort orange. that's where the city of albany, new york, is today. fort orange was an early dutch port, and you would expect on the front here in the 1600s everything would be simple and crude. well, they have found the fancy

is glass vessel, glass bottles, glass bowls from holland, the nicest things way up there in the frontier. soldiers, people living in forts did not just have crude, simple out of date garbage, if you will. they had nice things. they wanted to bring the best of things from home, from the mother country, from europe with him to the frontier of america. when archaeologists find really nice things we sort of smiled to herself and say, those officers, those soldiers, they did okay for themselves. >> what are you digging now? is there an archaeological dig your digging right now or you will work on this whole? >> i am doing two things right now. in the summertime i'm taking fort william henry in lake george new york. fort william henry is the site of the last of the mohicans. so for anyone who has read the