>> for some americans, perhaps many, the movie ghandi was the first opporunity to see the living record of the then print reading of the light and work of ghandi. there was very much positive reception to the movie when it came out, but now many years past, and i wonder if in your research you have any commentary of the technical accuracy or the historical philosophical points that the movie endeavored to place before us or any comment

that we can no if this remains an accurate record to refer for our children and ourselves. >> thank you for this important question. it is buying large in my judgment a reflection of gun these life and spirit quite well and quite correctly. as you know, one movie of two hours or even three hours cannot show everything that happens in the life of 78 years. so all movies are selected, very selective commend some people say that crucial parts of his life left out. others may disagree with that. in my assessment is a very good summary of gun is live. was made almost 30 years ago, to

the five years ago. some other things have also been made. so far of all the films made in remains the best, but i think there is great likelihood of new movies being made. >> sent you so very much. there will live in our memories for a long time. there is food to be had in good company for all of us. thank you so much for coming. >> for more visit is website.

>> interested in american history? watch american history television on c-span three every weekend 48 hours a people and events that help document the american story. visit c-span.org for more information. a discussion now with arizona republican governor jabber discusses her tenure in office and presents her thoughts on illegal immigration. >> my name is john heinzish. i am the ticket director of their raw reagan presidential foundation. it's my pleasure to welcome all of your with me. in honor of our men and women in uniform and defend our freedom

around the world of like to ask you to please stand in germany. i pledge allegiance to the flag of the united states of america them to the republic for which it stands will planation undergone with the -- indivisible and with liberty and justice for all. they keep. please be seated. before we get started that would like to recognize the special guests of we have with us this evening. i will start with the ventura county clerk. there you are. michael brewer, the son of governor brewer. michael. and, of course, our library director. >> okay.

i would like to take you all back in time to just under three years ago in january of 2009 and play a little game with you. i want you to imagine waking up in the morning of january 21st that year to learn that you were about to become the governor of one of our 50 states. now, we are going to blindfold you and ask that you throw a big guard at the map of the united states. interstate it lands on, that's yours. you get to run it. now, some people here are probably a envisioning that the docklands on california. we would finally have someone in charge with enough common-sense. [applause] [applause] turning the state around.

now, some might be thinking, run out. others might the florida. vermont for its colorful. now what you to imagine that regardless of where you're in a in lands squarely in the middle of the state of arizona. now, some of your prole imagine it's glorious weather with over 300 days of sunshine each year or it's fascinating it american cowboy culture. or the magnificent grand canyon, the rocks of sedona, the red rocks of sedona, the forested mountains of flagstaff for the amazing rivers and lakes that dot the landscape. now, our special guest today did not hit arizona with the debt three years ago by look. she became is to be second governor after many years starting in the state legislature in 1982, moving to

the state senate in 1987, the chairman of the maricopa county board of supervisors in 1996, and the secretary of state in 2003. in that time he has never once lost an election. if she had to do it all over i'm sure the governor, and 40 year resident of the state would have chosen to live in and govern arizona as her first choice no matter where the gunman. but if the circumstances that she inherited when she took the office where she might have wanted to see changes to. she has had her hands full. following the financial collapse of 2008 she inherited one of the worst financial crises of any state in the country. and like most every other governor she had to fight to diversify arizonas economy to

improve its share of higher-paying jobs and the education system. but very few, in fact, none, i've had to face the challenge of the federal government refusing to exercise the constitutional responsibility to protect its sovereignty and the safety and well-being of its own citizens. governor orestes. [applause] this governor, she does not back down from a fight when it comes to protecting and improving the lives of the people her state. and her life is a remarkable thing. if you did not pick up her newest book before you came in here, energy to do so in your way out.

it is a great american story told by a great american governor that we are honored to have with us this evening. ladies and gentlemen, please join me in welcoming governor jim brewer. [applause] [applause] >> thank you all very, very much. thank you. thank you and good evening to you all. thank you, john, for that very kind intersection. i must tell you that it is an extreme honor to be here with you all tonight. of reagan's library. it is quite awesome. thank you for allowing me to be here. i probably don't have to tell you that i love arizona.

it is my home. it is an extraordinary place. and after a long hard day i look forward to walking in my garden to rest and relax and enjoy the wild life, what sunset, and plan for challenges that level aftertaste tomorrow. however, there is something special about being here in this place that thrills the with great joy and an overwhelming sense of peace. for me this really is america's capital, a place to find confidence and faith in our destiny. yes, dare i say it, our exceptional as an. outside. [applause] outside these walls those

feelings have been hard to come by recently, especially for anyone paying attention to what is happening to our country, not to mention to the governors who have been battling the bureaucrats in washington. here in the late rev. -- library i am filled with renewed confidence in our country. i find myself thinking about your americans and how things will look to them in decades ahead and how we must prepare our children to compete and succeed in a changing world. i know this is much to envision a future. you must understand our past. to decide to there will be what it will give young americans must grab what they have received. the year was born america was a nation of nearly 130 million

people. only about 40%. in the world was a war. three years earlier we had been attacked pearl harbor with the u.s.s. arizona where it rests today. our country sentenced levitt testified in unfamiliar places far from home. just as we have sent our sons and daughters today. we sent so many, and so many were lost. the outpost in the battlefields of world war ii, more than 400,000 americans would not return home. it is hard to fathom those numbers today. very few americans even know them. the remains of that conflict, the last of the generation that save the world from tyranny are

in their early 80's and 90's . soon there will all be gone. four days from now we will pay tribute to our nation's destiny, so this is a good time for remembering. dwight eisenhower told his troops, poris new the vintage of normally to cut normandie of there were about to embark upon the great. the eyes of the world are upon you. the open pairs of the libri loving people everywhere march with you. in company with our brave allies and our brothers in arms on the front you will bring about the destruction of german war machines, the elimination of the nazi tyranny of the oppressed people of your insecurity for ourself in a free world. ronald reagan called them the boys of pointe du hoc, the men

who took. the champions who helped free continent, the heroes who helped in the war. as men are no our heroes, forever part of the greatness of america. so when we gather for thanksgiving that this be grateful for the blessings of america and the sacrifices of those who built it, and that is. my father was doing his part fighting the nazis working as a civil servant at the hawthorne navy base in western nevada. he backed away -- he passed away when i was 11 years old. his death came after a long and painful battle with lung disease . contracted following years of exposure to hazardous chemicals and toxic fumes at the base.

even in the end when my dad struggles he never regretted serving his country, and i am proud to tell you of his patriotism. i'm also proud to show you that the most important mentor in my life was my mother. you see, i know what it's like to be a single mom struggling to make ends meet or caring for your family. i saw my mother do it after my father died. she never was outside the home, but my mother knew that she had to support her family, my brother and i. she bought a very small dress shop, and i worked side-by-side with her until the time she so that when i was 20 years old. that dress shop was really a classroom for me where i learned the importance of hard work, responsibility, honesty,

integrity, and, yes, courage. i think about my mother every day, especially since i was challenged with the opportunity to become governor of arizona. and i say challenge because i inherited the worst state budget deficit in the nation. well, i am my mother's honor. i was up to the challenge. i am a problem solver. i made a lot of painful decisions. some still weigh heavily on my heart. in arizona expenditures are almost out to%. the number of state employees is down almost 50%. state employees, including me took a 5 percent pay cut during the crisis. you know what, we now have a balanced budget and a positive

castoffs for the first time in years in the film starring good. >> our state government is smaller. our state government is more efficient. our state government is focused on the future. arizona is poised to move into our second century with the creation of a new model to advance our economy, the arizona authority is a public-private entity focus solely on recruitment. meanwhile, education in arizona is being transformed. it is a transformation supported by education and business leaders all across america. arizona ready coming days to families across the state to take charge of their children's education and to expect more from their public schools.

initiatives include adoption of higher academic standards. the elimination of teacher tenure. they include important policies that give retention perris to teachers on security, and ensuring arizona had state of the our educational data systems teachers have real-time information that can be used to improve the inspection said it began their accountability for the results. now, what affects our great nation will not be so easy. however, if there is one thing i learned from my mother in my years of public service, it is that life was about choices. it is the doing the right thing almost always means doing the hard thing. it is choosing what the stuff

over what is tempting. it is choosing. speaking about choices, voters have before the 1984 election, president reagan said, and ', the choice is this year are not just between two different personalities or train to political parties. to fund utley differ with the government. their government of pessimism here and limits and our hope, confidence, and growth. it seems to me there are still two very different visions of the future. we face increasing economic and military challenges around the world, yet we have a president more inclined to apologize for

america than to uphold the principles. we have the president's who seeks deeper divisions to class warfare, calculated politics of envy, and cynical appeal to racial freedoms, even as the issues and ernest sounding calls for civility. we confront persistent economic stability and decline, yet we have a president who demands more of the same big government that triggered it. but what should bother us most is that we have a president who suggests that america is not an exceptional nation. imagine. what other countries have said

its finest and men and women to fight on distant battlefields for justice and peace? what the nation ever rose to such strengths, yet rose not to conquer but to protect. what other such nation has acted , not to dominate but deliberate? we are an exceptional nation. that is just a fact. [applause] [applause] written in blood and sacrifice of american patriots and they're families, president obama does not have much in common with ronald reagan, but the principal difference between the two men is fairly simple. one long to spread the wealth, the other lives to spread

freedom. in my book scorpion's for breakfast i tell in my meeting with president obama in the oval office when i looked him in the eye and a ton i did not want to talk about his so-called comprehensive immigration reform . our border was out of control. i stand here today aiming to make a simple case of the subject of america's border with mexico and our immigration policy. i know my words will be distorted by those who disagree. my opponents have already paid -- pointed me as hard hearted and make impassioned. they are wrong. my career, my record, my life all stands as proof as to how long the critics are. the treaty have come to share with you is anything but a full.

it has nothing to do with skin color, nothing to do with extremism. instead it is rooted in freedom. my treat shares the spirit of our founding fathers quest to form a more perfect union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquillity, provide it with a common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty. we must secure arizona and america's southern border. that is my truth. we must secure our borders to keep it is a this is safe, because we're a nation of laws, to ensure our future relationship with mexico. there is no other choice, no better option, know next best is your truth. of course there are those back

in washington who would tell us from 3,000 miles away at our border is more secure than ever. tell that to the survivors and friends of a dedicated community shot to death. the same kind of land his family is called home. tell that to the friends to a victim of a board game that was armed by our own federal government, allowing guns to be shifted to mexico in the scandal as fast and furious operation. tell that to the arizonans to wake up to find raids in progress or would this high-speed chases are freeways

here spend hours and overburdened emergency room on a saturday night while waiting and consoling a suffering child. tell that to our taxpayers, overflowing with more than 630,000 illegal aliens at a cost of more than one-and-a-half billion dollars each year. those are the facts, plan and simple. our opponent, the self-styled to bidders spinach out, hate and announce. to disagree with them i have learned here is to suffer incredible verbal abuse. but let me assure you, i can live with those consequences because i believe in the truth, and i believe in taking action

to protect our hard won freedom. i sometimes wonder whether present time was inevitable and whether, in fact, the struggle will make a stronger you will see it obscured and are left of the media, but i believe the american people are taking it in right now then moving to correct 2010 election that was historic in consequence will. if we continued to pull together and work hard there is going to be another like it in a year from now. when i was here in february president reagan's centennial birthday party, former senator john danforth described ronald reagan as an example of someone

who lived alleged given to him on a lamp stand signing, not on himself, but on america and on to the world. it is ronald reagan's america. it is that special city on a hell. i believe that it is in that shining city where we might meet reagan again monday. peel to take his hand and thank him for the nation that he preserved for us. as a western governor let me close with the famous prophecy of an english poet, one that margaret thatcher quoted to ronald reagan as he headed to his california ranch in his retirement. and not by the eastern windows only when they let comes in the light. end the some climb slowly, but

the land is bright. thank you, and may god bless you and your families and make up all is bless the united states of america. [applause] [applause] thank you. they accuse of very much. [applause] [applause] [applause]

>> we have time just for a few questions. then the governor will be signing books for those of you would like to get one. if i could just ask one favor before you ask for question, raise your hand. we have stephanie to the aisles. all the pier hand and it will give you a microphone. >> and john from burbank. i was wondering if there's any possibility of using resources the the people involved in this? >> first we have to find the details of the investigation. i would assume that it will be handled on the level. i will tell you it, as we know, that of course give their budgets under control, we don't have a lot of money, but i think that certainly we will see

prosecution and purses will be held accountable for what has taken place in arizona and america. >> over here. >> hello. i just want to thank you for championing. public goes of the way to the supreme court. would you consider champion the emigration issue and inviting some of the other governors? and you are facing the same situation? >> well, i think that each state solely in the new federalism, but we certainly have all joined together knowing said glean what america is. have that so many of our governors and not only close to the western area of america, but have been very, very supportive.

we certainly reach out and support them. i am sure that if we don't kid some relief soon that there will probably be a national movement, but i am really looking for to this next election, and it is going to count on a lot of people, and i think it will be an exceptional election year in 2012. we might have the battle won. >> hello. i am victor from calabasas. my impression of the current administration is that their belief system is that this is an unfair world. the only way did it and is for somebody else to accomplish something. it was a restatement of a part of the administration and as you said earlier, america has lost much of its specialists. the two are in conflict with each other. you can have one and the other at the same time.

if you were running things, with that just turned the country around effectively. >> well, first and foremost we have to remember what america was built on conducted that we all know that america is all about freedom. i believe so strongly in the think every president and every of lustration ought to look to give them their federal responsibilities that are given to them in the constitution. i believe that the program will have a strong defense. when i see a complete division between the federal government and the state government. and the federal government just simply cannot do it all. we don't want them. we know better, and our state what is best for our people than the federal government those three dozen miles away from us, and they just keep inflicting upon us and they continue to continually mandate and mandate.

i say no way, under any circumstances will we do that. we hear from every governor in the state, republican and democrat. if the government out of our lives. get the tax situation under control to mike get our health situation under control, and certainly is not obamacare. >> and arizona was one of the states that led the charge and will continue to do what we believe is right. i think if we get back to a hard look, what this country was founded on america will be that great country that we know so well, that exceptional country that we have fought for and that we need to maintain. we will take all of us, you and i and everyone in america fighting hard and spreading the truth. i will, again, tell you that doing the right thing almost

always means doing the hard thing. americans are up to it. >> hello. i don't have a specific question, but you are the reason that i got involved in politics. i started writing. actually, i have a video show. i was terrified. in california, it's hard to be a conservative and liberal place. after i saw you standing next to that sign that said, in america saying stay out because it's dangerous in our country. when i saw you standing up to obama and he did not back down. she can't keep going like this. she's going to give in and taken out. he ever did. you just sat there.

all you wanted was to defend your own state. you are such an aspiration, and i can't shut up anymore. and never will again. >> thank you so very much. you're exactly what the republican party needs. i so much appreciate your comments, and it is amazing when we think about our federal government coming into my state 80 miles north of the border and putting signs in, my desert where we want saying travel at your own risk. if you see anything : 11. it does is not a federal issue. call 911. could we think is answering those phone calls? that is not coming in and protecting my state. that is flat out surrender.

and you know, it is just absolutely. coming here and being with all of you tonight is like being a in a state court a much the storm. if we don't all come together and all stand on our principles and get the right path, the right people of the elected, where we going to be? we will have no one to blame but ourselves. i can see you. >> thank you, governor bird. it is an honor to be here. i am just curious. you had plans to get yourself, i guess generally make an endorsement for the nomination. >> i have been as that by a lot of people.

of course people have been calling. what you going to do? a keep saying, well, i am going to wait until i have my debate in arizona which we are working on and hopefully have some really fine questions answered that will satisfy me. however, i think we have a great student of candid it's willing to stand out they share with us what they believe they can do for this great country of ours. but i am going to hold out and wait until i am totally satisfied to what their answers are in regards to the our jobs and our economy and certainly regards to what they're going to do about our defense and certainly about how they're going to handle health care. by goodness what are they going to do about illegal immigration. and i will tell you, it is going to take us all again, i can't

say this enough i can see a much more present vinaigrettes whose worker for the republican party for partly 25 years. i believe so strongly in our principles and philosophy. i'm not going to stop. i don't want you to stop, and i would share with you that i have a pack. we are asking for people to participate so that we can work collectively together across the united states to get the right people into the right offices to protect us and our principles. >> for more information visit ac governor got tough. >> book tv is on c-span2. follow as for regular updates on our programming and news on nonfiction books and authors. twitter dot com.

>> well, the sesquicentennial of the civil war and the library of congress is in on the action. this is a new book put out by the library illustrated time lines of the civil war. margaret wagner is the author. >> i am the author of the book. >> to you work for library full time? >> i do. at a writer and editor of the publishing office. >> what are we going to find in this book? we going to find library of congress are the facts? >> you will find over 360 library of congress are the facts. a number of them have never seen the light of day. you will find a very annotated timeline covering many of the aspects of the war, which is one reason we did this timeline. many civil war books cover the

battle with politics will one aspect. with the time one approach we are able to cover all sorts of events. >> bagram wagner, the pictures in the book, what are some things you will see that perhaps have not been seen before. >> you will see some many skips that we have not published before. you will see, we have a new collection of civil war photographs that were just done is to live very this past year, and some of those are in the book. you will see this very charming moving picture depiction of the civil war. you will find drawings by solar special artists and maps and illustrated envelops with a lot of, you know, civil war fervor, political messages, and

patriotic messages. you will find the people and the voices. there are a lot of quotes in the book. that is one of the reasons that i love working at the library and on projects like this topic is you get to know so many of the people. the people in the civil war era where very eloquent and very opinionated. i have come to light many of them. >> is this divided between north and south? >> takes place among the north and south and border states and also brings in the international aspect for all of the world, and especially in europe. people were watching what happens in the united states. with the union survive, would governments of by and for the people survive? this is a huge test that was important to other people besides us. >> writing a book for library of

congress, hell is that a different experience, perhaps, than just an independent of the? >> well, you have a great responsibility, as all of this to, but you represent the library's collections and a library standards and also its a great privilege because you get to tiptoe through the selections and have the assistance of curators and specialist at the library. so i learned a great deal with every single project a work on. >> now, do you get the proceeds is the author? >> no, the library is the proceeds, and that goes back into a revolving fund so the real to publish the books. the library, as you know, is the largest in the world. it has more than 147 million items about 20 million non wide,

that leaves 127 million better not. our mission is to introduce people to materials that they might not find . and this book at the end there is an appendix that introduces people to the civil war collections a voluntary and gives them information about them and addresses. so this is our mission to let people know what we have. >> is this suitable for high-school students for middle-age? >> absolutely. as a matter of fact, happened to stop by here and there were telling me that there were setting the civil war in social science, and we had a nice chat about it. it is perfect for students as well as the civil war of this enormous. >> margaret wagner is the author of this the library of congress book. the illustrated timeline of the civil war.

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