-- what is going to kill him. people putting music on the phones will kill him. the focuses as does the iphone and does it at first. they do two versions of the iphone one with an ipod modify with a track wheel which was not very good for a phone and then many other people. goaded on by microsoft and an engineer. this notion of a touch screen technology and when he sees how the touchscreen can work he says that is how we will do it. so you have a series of consumer advice -- devices. most prominently the ipod and iphone and the ipad that totally transform industries. ..

showing it to raj and warner music, giving him aboard and then getting, you know, doug morris said universal, finally encircling sony. no other ceo would have been so passionate about just, you know, going at people until they finally surrendered. sony is the last holdout. there is a great story told me. he has to surrender. he has to put saudi news again, but the one thing that steve wants is all of dylan because he and the early days found every bootleg tape. totally fanatic. it is a sound track of his life. so he boss to do all 772 tracks of dillon as a virtual, a digital set that you can buy for $199. andrew says, no, i need leverage.

where does going to allow him. steve calls bob dylan. bob dylan slightly spacey, so he does not quite deal with that, but they're all trying to figure out. steve john stockton into it. he finally says pavel write you a check for $1 million. and he -- a eight to say it, takes the money. he has moved out of sony. he does an eye upon with him wearing the ipod had. it helps them more than it helps the ipod. for the first time in 20 years he appeared with an album of the top of the billboard charts because itunes and ipod had such a cachet that hen just doing that at introduced into a new

generation. you look skeptical. >> i'm not skeptical. these are actually a lot of interesting questions. where do i start? the let me just ask you one other question. which is about the final chapter. if reality does not comport with his will he would ignore it as he had done with the birth of his daughter and would do years later. i think when i talk to people about the questions that most wanted me to ask you tonight, easily in the top three was why would he was first diagnosed it he undertake all of these other natural nonmedical solutions. >> the two sides to steve jobs at all times, whether his personal life, cancer, professional life, or the products that he made. the counterculture, alternative romantic sensibility, and it is the hard core is a very

scientific. the cancer was no different. both sides kick in and he spends a lot of time wrestling with those two alternatives, wrestling, you know, with alternative treatments and diet, but also as a say in the book having his dna sequence, unfortunately it takes some months before he does what he does in every other aspect of his life, find the perfect synthesis of something that is both very scientific, but also comports with his alternative view of things. it was implied that patty and operated right away he might have stopped the cancer. we don't know that. cancer spreads in mysterious ways. it's quite likely the cancer had already spread, but it was somewhat typical of steve to stay -- say the normal rules

don't apply to me. i'm going to look at this from an alternative viewpoint as well as a deeply rooted scientific viewpoint. everything in some ways that he does in his life in this up being a synthesis of that hit the rubble with the guy who was in they hewlett-packard keep exports come -- club. >> interesting. the star with a couple of these questions. what was the greatest misperception about steve jobs in your mind that was addressed or maybe that you could address in this book? >> i think the greatest misperception came ride when the book first came out, and people were reading it in plenty of anecdotes. the petulance and their patients that were in bread into his character from the very beginning was just sort of a weird thing. instead of -- i mean, his own

personality was integrated, including with his profession and the products he made just like apple products are integrated. perfectionism and artist's temperament, bready temperament, or artist's temperament, that is not some disconnected little thing that has nothing to do with the passion for perfection or the product, you know, drive that he had. and so i tried and that is what the last chapter is about a month to show how all of this is altogether. >> so the -- words like petulant and ready are also may be alone use -- euphemistic. stronger words that you use in the book from time to time. >> well, i remember, i was at time incorporated, and fortune was doing a story involving cancer because there were the ones reported the cancer.

and steve was furious. he called the editor and the editor in chief. i was there and heard the stories, and finally he says to and these are words, wait a minute. what do you have here? you have discovered i am an asshole? why is that news? he was very self aware that he could be a strong cup of tea. >> this is an interesting question. did he have to be who he was in that way? do what he did. >> that is the question i am most asked. did you have to be that way to get done what you did. and i am going to back off a little from giving you a great answer because i am a story teller. ahead to write about the person who was in front of me. that is who he was. this is not a how-to book, not emmanuel for do you have to be this way to run the company. of course you don't.

there are nice people who run very successful companies, and there are also total muscles or total failures. that said, i am not trying to say, here is the way to do it like steve did. i am trying to write a book about the flesh and blood human being who i did not know of his aspects, when i knew then i tried to tell the story. part of the story is being driven or, as euphemistic, and had he not been that way i doubt he would have been as successful . on the other hand i suspect there were other ways to get this done in time, but you know, when you say did he have to be that way, my only job is to tell you the way he was because i am just a biographer, not a preacher or a management consultant. >> do you think that question will be answered with the luxury

of distance and time? >> well, i guess, you know, clayton christiansen is another great management york who could probably do a case study. say, you know, i was 60 minutes of saying did he have to be so hard? you work for don hewitt. you know, he was a genius. he was also a real pain in the but. we all know people like that. i guess you could do a study of nuys bosses, tough bosses, jerks, whenever, and correlate it somehow with the regression analysis and say he's more successful. that's way above my pay grade. [laughter] >> are you writing the screen play, and would you choose sure -- choose george plenty? [laughter] >> the reports of the movie are premature and way overdone.

>> can you see him in this role? >> i am not a movie person. when i was dealing with steve, he went over every frame of movies the way he went over every curve of the first macintosh, and he would say something about finding me know. i remember having to go back and quickly download those movies because i just don't know. it's one of my blind spots. when i was editor of time i was famous for making really bad movie covers. so asking me who should play white in a movie. >> would you pass. >> i'm going to redo the preface on behalf of archivists and historians, what were his stipulations about using the interviews that you collected for this book and where will they ultimately be deposited? >> some transcripts of the interviews that he gave me.

my notes will go somewhere. maybe we should talk, but not for another 20 or 30 years, and not -- i mean, partly because of steve and then the people around steve, you know, would say things that can be very hurtful. you know, say something just offhanded, especially steve about certain things and the things i did not put in the balkan things i would have to take out of my notes just because they were unnecessary to understanding steve and probably , you know, in the interest of kindness, you don't want to hurt people with certain comments. so i will someday go through my notes. if it is that 20 year rule, maybe some of the things go, you know, have gone by the wayside.

>> someone picked up on that "about great artists. he said that, yet he resented bill gates and google and many others for many years for stealing from apple. how did his self reconcile this? >> he was not an expert at reconciling conflicting things. [laughter] they have great quotes about people that embody conflicting thoughts at the same time steve was totally ballistic, first at bill gates and microsoft for ripping off, as he put it, the macintosh interface, and then, of course, famously berating and saying to me in the book with words in one syllable how he felt and right and kugel had ripped off the apple mobile operating system.

you know, did he -- no, he did not try to reconcile that, but he did not ripoff xerox. that was a financial deal. xerox and tested them million dollars. there was an exchange of technology. i think he has some right to feel that he came out more apple came up with the of the beautiful macintosh operating system and then they pretty much is copied by windows. likewise the mobile operations. you can argue, there was an argument about whether you can, you know, copyright the look and feel, whether there is an intellectual property theft, but i can understand why he was passed off. >> given his mercurial they're is a great story in the buck. >> mercurial. >> i love the word. >> how was he still able to engender such creativity and

loyalty. >> first of all, the part of the self awareness because he was nicker real. showing off the next computer at symphony hall. being unveiled. among other things he had helped digital books. but he put a thesaurus of all of shakespeare's work in digital form. showing off the thesaurus and he says, sometimes i'm called material. he says changeable moods, whenever. and then it describes it as somebody who does not have a month @booktv of the motions. i think he understood his nature and that was a part of who he was. having said that i forgotten the second half of the question. >> how did he engender such creativity.

>> when you are creating a machine as insanely great is that, even if you are in the middle of the night saying this code is -- this socks. by the time you have created as an engineer in the original macintosh you are loyal to the genius and the vision -- vision. people who have strong personalities can turn people off or they can say, hey, i got inspired and got to be on a team the proof is -- i hate cliches, the proof in the pudding, but as the team he even had to be if he is that bad of a boss why this so many players stayed with him? oh, they like to work on the team. the fee ran awful lot of players that does not mean that that team and apple, you know, they're quite loyal to him.

>> talk a little bit about the relationship. the pope described each other. >> a best friend. it was, you know, a deep and friendly relationship. one of my favorite anecdotes is late 96 when the question coming back to take over apple is first being kicked around. and he says, why don't we buy apple? why don't i launch a hostile takeover. we'll put you back, and it will set into motion again and will make a lot of money. he finally says, think i might come back to apple, but i don't want you to invest for buy it. i want to be allowed to go back and no ownership. and barry says, well, if you do it and come back that way and it makes it a great company, how i might -- how are we going to

make money? and they were walking along. steve grabbed him by both shoulders and said, this is why it's important that i am your friend. you don't need any more money. [laughter] it didn't. abaco there. a couple more questions. first, before i get to those, let me ask you quickly about the current technology, this great conversational interface. >> did he talk much about that with you? >> the vision for that. >> i mean, i do think that the simplest, most natural interface has always been his passion, and there is no simpler one than just talking. i did not know the name, will we talked a little about it. in detail what he wanted to do.

i decided, you know, should not put in things that he might not appeal to do and that apple may be working on, but at the last board meeting when he tenders his resignation as ceo they have a lunch afterward. all the engineers bring out the various things that they're working on. one of them, which i knew would come out pretty soon is this a voice recognition. i do have steve trying. i know he is not feeling very well, but he has been brought into this meeting. he asks if i need an umbrella. you know, the prediction is for a sunny day tomorrow. so it really is doing. finally he says are you a man are you a woman? and they all kind of hold their breath. he's trying to trick the machine he's very good. the two layers. they have not yet assigned meet

gender. [laughter] and the obvious sign of relief, and steve thinks it is great. either way, bill gates. everyone has been trying to crack voice recognition. >> what do you think of the apple that he leaves behind? you have talked about the team and the great groupie is built. there is a rumor. this product roadmap goes on and on. the history of technology companies with the founder like this and someone driving in is not great overall. what do you think about where apple goes from here? >> well, the last meeting and told you about where he goes to the board and does that once, somebody makes fun of h-p. that david that week. totally confused.

and steve said, wait a minute. he stops the person who's making fun of the troubles. bill stewart gave me my first job. and he impacted, created a company that was indeed not allowed to make a calculator set but to continue to make new products and come up with new ideas even after they're gone. those bozos screwed it up for hewlett-packard. i don't want that to happen at apple, and he tried deeply to fight off the explosions of that there were only a great team of players, but also to say to the simple, simple thing that apple sense for, which is the intersection of great creativity and humanities with great engineering and technology. he said, that is what is needed.

that is what a lot of people have done. there are companies that glassful. i think apple has endured in this genetic code this desire to drive great design and artistic creativity with great -- with great engineering and technology and it will be at that intersection, and the people there are capable of keeping it at that intersection. you know, ten years from now, 25 years from now, disney, ups and downs, but you still know what they stand for, and it's doing fine after a few rough patches cents walt disney died. i would, if i had to wager, and on like rick perry, i am a betting man. not $10,000, but i would wager that a generation from now, even

a century from now apple will still exist and be at the intersection of humanities. >> that is apple. one final question about steve jobs. one hundred years ago the great industrialist and philanthropist , carnegie, rockefeller, mellon, build intelligent -- institutions as well as corporate legacies. steve jobs might have done the same thing. his legacy is apple, but it is built on a rather shifting sand bar of technology. one hundred years from now you talk about what you think apple will do. what do you think the legacy of steve jobs will be? >> well, i did ask -- i mean, the last five or six pages is just an talking how right. putting something back in the flow of history after you have

built on those. what was his greatest creation. he said apple, the company. products come and go, but the hard part is making a company that will continue to make good products. i do think apple will be his legacy, but also more specifically the legacy will be somebody who truly transforms industry after industry by pulling together great at diaz and driving the technology to support them. i mean, look at the ipad. people made fun of it. i was there when he launched it. our sons of articles. the ipad is now whether i walk into a doctor's office or, you know, anywhere else, it is

transforming industry. $2 billion just in the industry of creating applications. the textbook industry. carnegie was great with education philanthropy. in the end the ipad made change education as much as any of the schools. so i think he's got a pretty solid legacy if you looked at each of those industries he transformed. >> so we often ask our authors to do a short reidy at the end, and you graciously agreed to read the biography. i wonder if you would do that for us now. >> thank you. as i said, i will start early on. one more thing. the signature phrase. suppose to have the last word, but this is one of steve jobs,

and even though he did not impose his legendary control, i suspect to shuffle them without letting him have some of the last words. i really take a series of interviews that i did with him about his legacy and just let him talk without beginning in the way. but then it's about one sunny afternoon in the back garden of his house. he was not feeling well. he reflected on death. he talked about his experiences in india almost four decades earlier, his study of buddhism. his views on reincarnation and spiritual transcendence. i am about 50-50 on believing in god. for most of my life i felt there must be more to our existence than meets the eye. he admitted that he might be

overestimating the eons out of a desire to believe in the afterlife. i like to think that's something survives after you die. it is strange to think the you accumulate all this experience, and maybe a little wisdom, and it just goes away. i really want to believe that something survives. maybe your consciousness and doors. and then he fell silent for a long time and said but on the other hand, perhaps it's just like an on-off switch. click and you die and you're gone. and then he paused again, long pause. he smiled slightly. maybe that's why i never like to put on off switches on apple devices. [laughter] as the end. [applause]

>> this event was hosted by the computer history museum in mt. view, california. to find out more visit computer history got word. here are the best selling books of 2011 according to the new york times. many are featured throughout the year, and you can watch these programs online. this list bris -- reflects sales as of dec. 14th 2011. unbroken is first. the all-time best seller 13 times. second is in the garden of beasts by erik larsen which is ben on the bestseller's list for 27 weeks and was a top best-seller for one week. comedian twitter.com/booktv facebook topped the list five times and was on the bestseller's list for a total of 45 weeks.

overall the book is third. ford -- fourth, the story of a navy seal sniper in this book seal team six on the bestseller's list for 17 weeks. the greatest journey is fifth with 17 weeks on the bestseller's list, and three weeks at number one. president george w. bush is sixth with his memoir, decision points. his book was on the bestseller's list for 16 weeks and a top the list at number one twice. stacey recalls the life of cleopatra at number seven. the book appeared. eight is keith richards memoir, life. the best sellers list for 15 weeks. ninth is jaycee dugard, reliving her 18 years of captivity. it appeared on the list 15 times. steven tyler, chelsea handler,

and tin to bow tie for tenth place with 14 appearances on the bestseller's list. for more best sellers of 2011 go to new york times thought. up next eliot cohen talks about the battle along the 200-mile corridor. he discusses how the battle shapes the way that we wait for today. this program is just over an hour. >> welcome to the johns hopkins school of advanced international studies. i am the andrew w. mellon professor of international relations. we're absolutely delighted to have you participate in this lively discussion of a very important polk, conquered into liberty, two centuries of

battles along the great war path that made the american way of war. we will start off with an explication of what is in the book. then we will have discussion, and we held there is time for response of those comments and maybe even a chance to year couple of questions. there robert osgood professor of strategic studies. he has served and that policy planning staff of the office of the secretary of defense before coming in 1990. he has also been an officer in the united states army reserve. from 2007 to 2009 he was a counselor of the department of state serving as secretary

connolly's arrives senior adviser on strategic issues. and i must not forget he is also the founding director of the philip merrill center for strategic studies. he also has our first discussion is tom brakes. he is the author of a number of very successful books on the u.s. military, including, for example, these are the titles, fiasco, the gamble, making the court. all of these have been best sellers. he has served on the staff of the "wall street journal" for some 17 years. more recently he has been with the washington post. currently a fellow at the center for new american security and a

contributing editor to foreign policy magazine for which he rides the block of best defense. finally our third participant is an independent historian. the author of a number of articles on history between 1989 and 2009. he was executive director. of course this location plays such a very significant role in his book. previously curator of exhibits for them at -- minnesota historical society. he is an expert on a number of aspects of locale in settings that are crucial.

tell us what your book is about. [applause] >> thank you for the introduction. thank you all for coming. so great to see it the old friends and former students. colleagues. during my friend. making the journey from the north country to come here. i'll take more think use of the very end. let me now to say something about the buck. the dean is lonely. he should deeper company. okay. so, in graduate school, like most students of international relations was the second world

war. at present was the cold war. the conflict with the soviet union. from two dozen 7-9, professor duran told you i was counselor of the department of state. i spent a lot of my time studying the television and out qaeda and the iranian revolutionary guard corps. so i came back and finished a book on america's most persistent, effective, and i would argue, important in the me at home. that is the subject of this book. it describes how the american war originated over two centuries of conflict. from the end of the 17th century to the first half of the 19th, more that -- that northern border was anything but the sleepy, relatively

undefended frontier. brother a zone of rage and menace and invasion. more about a particular place. what they called the great warpath. 200-mile stretch of water and woodland between albany and montreal. the book is friend by a series of battles. to give you a feel for that, here is how chapter one opens. at 5:00 in the morning of february 9th 69 the a bleeding man on the wounded horse staggered into the fortified winter bound dutch town of albany. despite the bullet in his eye he had written nearly 20 miles in six hours from schenectady to albany. the mayor convened a meeting to hear the exhausting news. to before midnight a party of

french and indians killed most of the inhabitants carrying off others and setting houses on fire. in the following days some 50 survivors, many suffering from frostbite trudged their way to albany. you can go from there. the story, the majority french, and again in the book titles such and with the confederate cut trade commodities broken in eight to 64 and a raided the canada. so some of the fight to talk about or very big. now fort ticonderoga in which nearly 15,000 troops were rollback with horrific loss by nearly a fifth as many frenchmen

some of the other fight to talk about are mere skirmishes. some of these were decisive, and others are not. individually and collectively they reveal a great deal about why the united states wages war the way it does. each chapter explores how the struggles of long ago our why in some ways even physical to americans today. a word about the title. i explain it in chapter five which deals with the american invasion of canada in 1775 launched before the united states has even declared its independence. it is the opening phrase printed in french. and this was spread throughout canada by american agents and begins with concord and to liberty. that is a pretty interesting notion that people can be conquered and celebrity.

yet it is an idea that americans have pursued, sometimes to great success and sometimes fill your, sometimes with uncertain results for a long, long time down to the present day and started here. in the case of canada the americans failed. it was prole inauspicious. not widely read because most of the population or aliterate. [laughter] and neither the clergy or gentry were in particularly inclined to put spurs of ideas into the heads, but the americans tried hard. george washington who orchestrated this assault ordered his subordinates to so do their deep-seated mistrust of the catholic french. but we are contending for our own liberty, we should be cautious of violating others. ever considering that god alone is the judge of the hearts of

men. to him only how they answerable. george washington was motivated by some very hard handed notions about power. he favored invading canada because he wanted to push britain of the north american continent, but he was actuated by these ideals. by the way, washington did not want the french back in canada, and he was quite willing to double cross in order to keep them out. that's a story in another chapter. i describe -- i described benjamin franklin's attorney, an ordeal for an 75 year-old man. he bought with perfectly good reason and was going to kill him his instructions make for fascinating reading. york to establish a free press and give directions for the frequent publication of such pieces as need be of service to

the cause of the united colonies. franklin failed but gave the british quite a scare, and in so doing inaugurated an american approach to warfare let me give you one more example of how the book draws connections. in the face of an invasion from canada. the americans lost their equipment and a lot of their self-respect. some of that was regained a few days after the abandonment of fort ticonderoga. the bloody little action. at which point the british pursued. a year after these events the

commander of fort ticonderoga whose impression, a veteran of the british army, a real regular and an outlook. he had been at odds throughout the whole campaign but the militia, the part-time soldiers, and in particular one of the other figures of the book, the soldier. at the end of the chapter, one of the themes i explore, i bring the reader up to present. i described a trip that took a couple days. about 40 kernels. re-enacted the court-martial of arthur sinclair. we get some of the authors claim prosecutors. some of the witnesses. the basic charge was

incompetents. and at the and we took a boat, and he was acquitted by a pretty respectable margin of that charge. here is how that chapter ends the instructors made some remarks. the colonel's might find themselves dealing with it in the future. sang a few words about carefully reconstructing fort ticonderoga itself. and then could all of you who voted to acquit arthur st. clair please raise your hands? now, when all of you be willing to have your son or daughter serve under him please keep your hands up? one by one and went down. after a pause the instructors.

he continued. he became president just as the constitution was being drafted. appointed the territorial governor of the northwest territory and founding member of the society of cincinnati. after months of painful marching and the construction of ford's the indians attacked him on november 4th 1791.

after careful deliberation washington replaced him with none other than that defeated generals predecessor 15 years before. in the meantime congress investigated sinclair. his fall was a? the people who kept him in command. the prolonged silence, the reflected colonel filed often a comfortable dining room overlooking the dark waters of lake george.

well, that chapter the several things. it describes the dramatic events and exports the choices and a personal conflict that shapes events and their consequences and suggests some of the enduring legacies and they're implications. the book, i hope and think is a good read, but it makes some serious arguments. as a close friend, it's also a kind of love note to the great warpath, which i have been visited since i was a boy. let me conclude with the book, the opposite direction. after describing some things in the book, including the bizarre notion of congress and others, the last paragraph describes my deepest aspirations for its readers. it asks for the charm of the suspect.

if this group's proms those to explore for themselves and will be glad. abel discover that it was an attentive year, modicum of imagination and a wholesome curiosity about the past. one can still hear the echoes of muskets and cannon shots, the creaking of wars, and even, with some effort, the nearest silent moccasin shot. i hope he will read the book. if you do i think it can promise you that vicariously you will hear some of those echoes.y8y8y< [applause] >> i don't have a chance to say anything in this lively panel. averages point out one of the things that makes this book so fascinating is that elliott has the eye of the historian and the

mind of the strategist or the person in international relations, and those are unique in of the ship and add greatly to the buck. go ahead. >> as someone who makes a living from writing, i don't care if you read the book. someone saying i got your bookeq out of the library. what is really more painful, the guy who says i read making the court. so good i can't -- said in boredom the whole day and finished it. done something unusual and even daring. he has made canada interesting. you will never again to give canada as homer simpson thought of it, american jury.

a terrific book that i've read twice. i just finished reading the hardcover last night. it's a fun book. even more fun the second time around because i figured out. give you a battle. connected to something. it out, have read the book. where you going to take us? structurally and an author. but i think my favorite is the snowshoes. the lovely essay that surprisingly takes you on the the army rangers. the 1993 in mogadishu. today's military. these connections are made. several other points i enjoyed, the one made early on that america on like europe became a year-round business.ñ6

second, the french did better with the indians. this struck me because we continue to be falls. he points out another way. the past is not the past. still with us. the code name that he points out, the navy seals came to their target in pakistan, john about. most striking is something a lot to do a lot for a moment. being the first sustained terrorist campaign. this is the french sponsored series of indian made selling the american frontier after --

americans. going back to the world trade a galvanizing effect that not only provokes a response, but a certain type of response. and i've been thinking about it all week, working on my own book it had be wondering how far we can take this analogy. for example, the colonial war with india and lasted for decades. you repeatedly, americans don't fight long wars. the historical evidence is that are they comfortable fighting a long war, they are comfortable fighting along war. not what douglas macarthur. so when question, does the american response to the war and

the campaigns he writes about in this book than it does with our big wars of the 20th-century that loomed so large? finally, one last point. that's about the future. i find myself wondering, it's quite a feat to write a book. it's clear that our ancestors did. i wonder as i finished it if our descendants will, as well. if global warming and energy shortages have the effect of many experts predict it will then within a few decades southern canada may become more and then once again can no would be a prize worth fighting for. >> thank you.

>> there goes my canadian book tour. >> i did you a favor. >> our next discussion. elliott kaelin's concord the ready sleeves up and down the forest and valleys. across one of three centuries of conflict and tell the story of the contest for empire and freedom. with an abiding boyhood enthusiasm, and we heard that. he also manages to focus the cold analytical eye of the the highest international levels .

the grand drama is played out by dozens of a remarkable characters captured in we need not show portraits. eight major battles and to time friends of they tended uncertainty extend uncertainty. repeated efforts at grand strategy are dissolved by ego, attempt for allies, personal courage and the often competing technologies of traditions and the fee. rumors to the perseverance to the cause. this is a book about the place. of let it take you to the place

as europeans are taken there for the very first time. we need to reach back 150 years earlier to the chapter on the french and indian raid that took place in early february 1690. of want to take? to the st. lawrence river in 1535 on board a tiny little ship . exploring the st. lawrence river and goes to the point where faugh the river meets the same -- the st. lawrence. 1535. jock cartier talked to the natives to happen to live in the area and gathers is much geographical information as it possibly can. he does not plans into in lake champlain. he is collecting all geographies .

his geographical report, he has turned into a grand compilation not. by 1557 europeans are seeing for the very first time a printed form on an mercator map the interior of north america and(o this great warpath. place in the interior of north america does not show us the long island, cape cod, but it shows us that south for reaching waterway, down to the place where the water forks. he adds a very important piece of information. at that place down to the south,

that's the place of the mohawks. this is america's warpath. often that distance is the place where we will be our enemies.'o france is not able for a variety of wars of religion taking place in france it takes almost 75 penetrates into the lake which he modestly named after self. growing up in new york state. he was being taken as a willing captive and prisoner by a party and content indians who were

penetrating the length of lake champlain. the record laid down to the place where the mohawks left. the reason there were taking champlain and his two french companions was because they had firepower. they could use their firepower. for the first time ever to make a power move against the mohawks in an illustration in his book published a year when he returns to france he illustrates the8&#l side of that battle and the fourth that is built on land the night before the battle. the first known representation

of a fork in the interior of north america, and it's on the shores of lake champlain on theé shores of this great warpath that connects the native people living in the st. lawrence(" valley with the mohawks and the other members of the iroquois confederacy. that is the prequel to his book, his tale of the next 200 years. we have talked a little bit about place and a long history of america's great warpath. we can talk about grand geography, grant international alliances, strategies. those alliances in driving the mohawks out of that end of the all know, is a story of individuals, valor