>> the first most important thing is that we are committed to year on year increases in nhs spending. that is not a position i'm afraid is backed by his own party. alongside the extra money we do also need to make sure those reforms so we give clinicians a leading role in the health services, and also frankly we have to do more on the public health and health promotion agenda because that is the best way to reduce demand on our nhs but i think there's one extra think we need to try to cheat achieve and that is looking at the links between alcohol and crime, alcohol and hospital admissions. it is an issue of what this government to do with. >> sir bob russell. [shouting] >> ethnic cleansing, ethnic cleansing and apartheid are evil. sadly, successive governments have supported a country where these vile actions are inflicted

on indigenous people. we welcome the arab spring, but the long arab winter continues for palestinians. prime minister, on tuesday last week, the israeli government said it was to receive forced evictions of 30,000 arabs from their historic lands. is it not time we pleaded israel as we did apartheid south africa? >> what i would say to my honorable friend is first of all we should respect the fact that israel is a democracy. it is a country that has a right to exist but it is a country that is frankly been threatened i never speak but we're also a country that should stand up for clear human rights and for clear rights and wrongs in international relations. and on the issue of settlement, this government has been very clear that it doesn't agree with the practice by the israeli government. i raised this issue myself with the israeli prime minister in a

new your telephone call, and this government will continue to act and vote on the issue of illegal settlement. >> stefanie michl in per, a 14 year ago in my constituency, has leukemia. and desolate needs a bone marrow transplant. despite an honorable campaign by her family to get more people to join the stem cell register, she still doesn't have a match and is having to cope with the disease. what plans does government have to improve public awareness about this vital issue and increase the number of potential bone marrow donors here in the u.k.? >> first of all i think you are the lead is right to speak up for bethany consistently, but also for all bone marrow cancer sufferers. i think it's not widely understood enough about the need to get more people onto the register because of the importance of trying to get a match. the government will be spinning i believe about for nine pounds this year to help promote and help make that happen. but i think all of us in her own

constituency in her own way can promote the idea and encourage people to do what she said. >> thank you, mr. speaker. could i draw my right honorable friend's attention to the excellent paper published by, this one which seeks to build on the governments initiative, building up cadet forces on the one hand and getting more former military personnel into schools, teachers on the other hand. proposes that we set up in some of our most deprived communities military academies and free schools? but managed by the reserve forces and cadet associations? >> first of all let me take you to my honorable friend to do so much to speak up for our reserve forces and also for cadet forces. they are incredibly viable assets in a country and it's worth noting that issued the cadet force will be doing a huge amount to try to save and preserve our war memorial from the appalling crimes they have been suffering in terms of medical affairs but i will look

very carefully at the report he suggested i think we should be about our cadet forces to expand, perhaps to go into parts of the country where they haven't always been present in the past and i think the link he makes between cadet forces in schools is one that is a very, very good idea and one that we should promote and support. >> thank you, mr. speaker. my constituents is 32 years of age, has lived alone for eight years, and was forced onto housing benefits because of redundancy. that benefit has just been cut by nearly 50%. which does the prime minister think is most like, that the landlord will reduce the rate by 50%, or my constituents will be made homeless? >> first of all can make and i congratulate you honorable lady for her affirmative honorable

lives? although i disagreed many of the things she's trying to do over her political career, mostly disarmed britain one side of the, i ask, i praise her for her persistent efforts. and she quite rightly, no one can accuse -- [shouting] i'm sorry, i'm sorry, let me answer the question very directly. all parties are committed as i tend to reform housing benefits. that was labour's commitment to for the last election. the housing benefit bill is completely out of control. labour's own welfare spokesman said last week at 20 billion pounds it was unacceptable and it had to change. what we have seen so far as housing benefit has been reformed and reduced is actually we have seen rent levels come down so we've stopped ripping off the taxpayer. >> order. statement, the secretary of state for health. mr. secretary. >> here on c-span2 we will be

the british house of commons now as they move on to other legislative business. you have been watching prime minister is question time aired live wednesdays at 7 a.m. eastern by parliament is in session. you can see this week's question time again plus links to international. you can also watch recent video including programs dealing with other international issues. >> president obama went to the environmental protection agency yesterday to commend their work in preventing pollution and encouraging u.s. energy independence. it was the presence first ever visit the epa headquarters in washington. is joined by epa administrator lisa jackson. this is a 10 minutes. [cheers and applause]

{>>}thank you. thank you, epa! thank you, everybody. thank you so much. it is wonderful to see you. it is great to see you. thank you, thank you. now, everybody can have a seat. i know lisa is making you guys all stand up. [laughter] but you can all relax. it is wonderful to be here with all of you. thank you so much for all the great work you do. i want to first acknowledge your outstanding administrator, lisa jackson. [cheers and applause] she has done an extraordinary job leading this agency. but here's what i want all of you to know. not only is she good on policy,

not only is she tough and able to present the epa's mission so effectively to the public, but she also has your back. she is an advocate on behalf of all the people who work so hard here at the epa. and so you should know that your boss loves you, even if she doesn't always show it, i don't know. [laughter] the main reason i'm here is simple. i just want to say thank you. i want to say thank you to each and every one of you, because the epa touches on the lives of every single american every single day. you help make sure that the air we breathe, the water we drink, the foods we eat are safe. you protect the environment not just for our children but their children.

and you keep us moving towards energy independence. and it is a vital mission. over the past three years, because of your hard work, we've made historic progress on all these fronts. just a few weeks ago, thanks to the hard work of so many of you, lisa and i was able to announce new common-sense standards to better protect the air we breathe from mercury and other harmful air pollution. and that was a big deal. [applause] and part of the reason it was a big deal was because, for over 20 years, special interest groups had successfully delayed implementing these standards when it came to our nation's power plants. and what we said was, enough. it's time to get this done. and because we acted, we're going to prevent thousands of

premature deaths, thousands of heart attacks and cases of childhood asthma. there are families that are going to be directly impacted in a positive way because of the work that you do. because you kept fighting, and some of you have been fighting this fight for a long time, long before i was here and long before lisa was here. and so your tenacity and stick-to-itness is making a difference. because of you, across the board, we're cutting down on acid rain and air pollution. we're making our drinking water cleaner and safer. we're creating healthier communities. but that's not all. safeguarding our environment is also about strengthening our economy. i do not buy the notion that we have to make a choice between having clean air and clean water and growing this economy in a robust way.

i think that is a false debate. [applause] think about it. we established new fuel economy standards, a historic accomplishment that is going to slash oil consumption by about 12 billion barrels, dramatically reduces pollution that contributes to climate change, and saves consumers thousands of dollars at the pump, which they can then go spend on something else. as part of the recovery act, you cleaned up contaminated sites across the country, which helped to rid neighborhoods of environmental blight while putting americans back to work. we don't have to choose between dirty air and dirty water or a growing economy. we can make sure that we are

doing right by our environment and, in fact, putting people back to work all across america. that's part of our mission. when we put in place new common-sense rules to reduce air pollution, we create new jobs building and installing all sorts of pollution-control technology. when we put in place new emissions standards for our vehicles, we make sure that the cars of tomorrow are going to be built right here in the united states of america, that we're going to win that race. when we clean up our nation's waterways, we generate more tourists for our local communities. so what's good for the environment can also be good for our economy. now, that doesn't mean that there aren't going to be some tensions. that doesn't mean that there aren't going to be legitimate debates that take place. that doesn't mean that it's not important for every single one of us to think about how can we make sure that we are achieving our goals in the smartest way

possible, in the most efficient ways possible, in the least bureaucratic ways possible, in the clearest ways possible. that's also part of our mission. there's not a federal agency that can't get better and be smarter in accomplishing our mission, and we have an obligation every single day to think about how can we do our business a little bit better. how can we make sure the taxpayers are getting every dime's worth that they're paying in order to achieve these important common goals that we have? but i believe we can do it, and you've shown me that we can do it over these last three years. so i could not be prouder of the work that you all do every single day as federal employees. i know the hours can be long.

i know that sometimes spending time getting these policies right means less time at home than you'd like, and you're missing birthday parties, or you're missing a soccer game, and the spouse is not happy with you. i know a little bit about that sometimes. [laughter] i know these jobs are demanding. but i also know what compelled you to enter public service in the first place, and that's the idea that you could make a difference, that you could leave behind a planet that is a little cleaner, a little safer than the one we inherited. and i have to tell you that part of why i get excited when i see some of the work that you're doing is because our next generation is so much more attuned to these issues than i was when i was growing up.

i can tell you when i sit down and i talk to my kids, probably the area where they have the most sophisticated understanding of policy is when it comes to the environment. they understand that the decisions we make now are going to have an impact on their lives for many years to come. and their instincts are right. so your mission is vital. and just think of what this agency has been able to do over the last four decades. there's so many things we now take for granted. when i hear folks grumbling about environmental policy, you almost want to do a back to the future. kind of reminder of folks of what happens when we didn't have a strong epa. ..

before the epa was created our cars were spewing harmful pollution into the air. with all sorts of impact especially on children. today because of your work evolution is down by more than half. lead pollution is down 90% from a generation ago. so all of view, and all of those who served before you have made a difference. our environment is safer because of you.

our country is stronger because of you. our future is brighter because of you. and i want you to know that you have got a president who is grateful for your work and will stand with you every inch of the way as you carry out your mission to make sure we have a cleaner world. so thank you. god bless. [applause] god bless the united states of america. [applause] >> this morning and c-span2 we go to new hampshire for the politics forum on a talk by democratic national committee chairman debbie wasserman shultz with her take on the new hampshire primary election results. live coverage begins at 8:00 a.m. eastern. the discussion about the proliferation of nuclear weapons and materials posted by the nuclear threat and initiative.

live coverage from the national press club begins at 10:00 on c-span2 and c-span.org. >> now the head of the organization that allocates internet domain names explains why they are expanding, dot.org, dot.net, the internet corporation of assigned names and numbers will take applications for dot.xxx. names containing non english characters. the center for strategic and international studies is the host of this hour-long event. >> thank you for coming out today. mind is jim willis. it has been a busy year for a icann and internet governance. it will be a busy week for rod beckstrom. we are especially pleased that he would take a little time to come out and talk to us on a topic that is close to my heart and probably close to his. with that let me turn it over to

r rod. [applause] >> thank you. thank you center for strategic international studies is doing such important work for decades to promote greater international understanding and union around the world. particularly honored to address all of you today. i checked the list of attendees and icy we have all five regions of the world represented here. icann's into the region, north america, sell america, europe, africa and asia. very honored. i want to acknowledge the attendants from the white house state department, government of australia and other governments around the world. honored to be with you and all of you from the private sector as well as other nonprofit organizations. i have a great appreciation for the work that chin has led here. when he led particularly that

csi as commissioner for cybersecurity that was important to make a contribution globally to better international understanding on the internet and particularly the report that was written on security cyb cyberspace for the 40 fourth presidency that is often referred to. that has contributed much to the global dialogue that is going on about the internet and about the future of the internet on how it is used by mankind and all the different aspects of society. we are here this week to make an announcement because of a significant change in our world of technology and what is happening as we herald a new era for the domain name system and it accomplishs a new milestone in the history of the internet and that is namely the opening up of a new jet eric top-level domain system of the internet and the third round and most

significant opening in the history of the domain name system. so what is changing? and who decides what is changing? the first context i want to lay out applies well to this institution, the internet as we know was initially developed in the united states of america. the internet was 100% american and it is becoming a one hundred% global. what is happening this week facilitates that continued transition and change which is for the betterment of the world and the betterment of mankind. what the globalization is just one aspect of the program but it is a critical aspect. when the domain name system was created initially there were some top-level domains that were limited only to this national geography. top-level domains such as dot.gov come to mind. the others that were established

were operated by operators in this geography and of course icann has opened up the domain system so now there are other registries being operated around a whirl like dot.asia which is operated out of hong kong, china. this is part of that continued move. how is this developed? decides? this change to the domain name system was developed by the global, multi stakeholder community of icann and it follows on the historical trajectory that was established in the late 1990s when the first policy concepts were developed for the formation of icann and for the transfer of the wharton nation of the global domain system from the united states to the world in a multi stakeholder, multinational body headquartered in the united

states. namely icann. those original policy document stated that this new body, icann, should open up the domain space to provide consumers with more choice and to ensure there is more competition in the domain name market space. how is that working out? we estimate average prices of domain names in the generic top-level domains have dropped 70% since icann's founding. 70% drop. very significant, wealth transferred to the benefit of consumers and users of the internet around the world. this multi stakeholder body has different formalized components. there are three policy orders. there is a group called the country code name supporting organization, country code the operators of dot got u.k. or

kenya, country code registries of the internet. that community has over 100 members. one of the founders of the community is here with us today. we also have the generic names of the organization and that is the group participant of the main aim registries and registrars in the generic space so when you think of dot.com, dot.net dot.org the other generic. they don't pertain to countries. there is a policy development body that includes registries and registrars and civil society organizations, international -- intellectual property which has strong views and interests on the topic of new generic top-level domains. that is the policy group out of the three that initiated the new generic top-level domain program. the third policy development

organ is the address supporting organization where all the internet addresses -- five regions of the world. each one has a regional internet registry which is the community coordination policy body that allocates internet addresses of the a s 0 is also involved. all icann policies are born in one of those. this policy that is being implemented this week was developed in the g s o starting in 2005, approved in paris in 2008 and policy perspective, approved by the board of icann to go into operation in june of last year, 2011, in singapore. that is how we develop our policies which is around world. every year we have three big meetings called public meetings. they rotate around five region of the world and cycle

systematically for north america, south america, europe, asia and africa. policy was developed and when the board approved this program in june of last year it was decided that the launch date would be two days from today, january 12th. twelve:0 one to be precise which is equal to 7:01 tomorrow evening in d.c.. this new program will -- when we talk about the internet we think about the internet and its governance in the context of this solution within it. we usually refer to the internet as the internet. why do we call it the internet? that suggests one the thing. we think of it as one of thing. we refer to it as one thing. but if you think about what comprises the internet is actually millions of private networks and billions of privately-owned devices sometimes and by governments as

well light cellphone, ipads or tablets and pcs. we have approximately two billion users of the internet today and that is growing rapidly particularly with the advent and acceleration of smart phones and tablets and likely to use several billion users to that in the next 20 years. surveys around the globe have shown 75% of people in the world have strong opinions about our access to the internet should be handled which suggests a level of utilization higher than the devices and accounts might suggest which makes sense. so internet has become very pervasive but why do we refer to the internet as one place? it is really millions of private networks. the answer is because there are three things that unified the internet. those three things have to be coordinated globally for the internet to operate as the

unified global hole. those three things are referring to in part as domain names, network addresses and the protocol and parameter registries which are like technical -- those three things. domain names, addresses and protocol registries are the only three things in the world that make the internet look like one place. the icann community and all the hundreds of organizations and more than 100 governments that are formally involved in icann in the advisory committee are the stewards of those three resources we call the unique identifiers of the internet. to keep the internet whole and not fractured, not have multiple routes, not have a fractured or blocked or filtered internet, requires an enormous ongoing effort in collaboration of all those parties globally to keep the system working and to keep

the system evolving so that it can meet the needs of mankind and our commerce and our society and our individual. that is what the multistate older model does. this program is an example of what that policy development process produces. in the case of a new generic program as we mentioned that started in 2005 even 2006 there were 45 public periods when anyone in the world leaders will anyone in this room and anyone in the world could share their opinions, their thoughts, write papers legal post them on line and submit them on this program. there were more than 2,000 submissions over that period of time to help shape this program. the summary analysis of those suggestions is 1400 pages long to give you an idea.

the icann meetings around world are attractive on average probably 12 or 13 or 1400 people from around the world, each policy development, big meetings we had, public meetings. you can participate at those meetings. the microphone is open. there are many formalized sessions and many concurrent sessions going on whether cybersecurity or law-enforcement issues or intellectual property issues or add dressing issues or many concurrent sessions. the microphone is opened uniquely for anyone in the world to come up and speak and share their views. that has been the case for six years in the development of this program. 7 icann is an international consensus driven organization and it is committed to secure and stable global unified internet. we talked a bit about the organization. let's talk a little more about

this program. first let's talk about globalization. where are the users of the internets today? half of them, 1 billion are in asia. approximately five hundred million alone, twenty-five% are in china. and yet today in the internet there's not a single generic top-level domain in chinese characters or in demagoguery characters for the hindu language or arabic characters. there's nothing in the generic area. there are country code. we introduce international domain names and country code successfully starting in 2009. we have 20 countries represented with 30 international domain name extension. that was a critical vote in the international is asian of icann and the internet domain name system but this move is critical because it is the first time in history that an organization in

china or in beijing or new delhi or catarrh or the you ae or another country can apply for top-level domain name in their own language script. is absolutely vital. i personally travelled through 27 countries in the last four months and stopped and met with the internet community and companies and nonprofits and governments, 16 of those and probably well over close to 200 meetings over the past four months to talk about this program and i can tell you that there are definitely parties that are interested in beijing and new delhi and qatar and the united arab emirates and around the world and all five geography, brazil, there is interest around the world and there is a sense from these users around the world that this is fair and this is right and

they should have this access to the internet. i remember meeting with a minister in france last year and she asked me the question, why is this taking so long? when are you going to open the new program? i say that because there is a lot of controversy and a lot of parties opposed to the program or aspect of the program they want to see change and that is the sign of a healthy multistate older model. the debate never stops. just like congress. politics in the united states or anywhere else in the world, it goes on and on and on and certainly icann has been in the limelight over the whole period of this program there has been a lot of interest over the last few months. intent of interest. lobbying. millions of dollars by parties that want to share their views. parties who played valuable roles in the development of this program. this program has extensive intellectual property

protections. we have intellectual property protections experts on our board, we have great experts in our community not only in intellectual property constituency itself across the community in other areas that have been deeply involved. the greatest reason it has taken so long to develop this program with attention to the intellectual property issues. probably attention to government issues with concern about geographic and naming issues and the treatment of cities and the treatment of capital cities, what is the treatment of national names. what is the treatment of state names? all these issues are very complex and difficult because they involve different trees and different bodies of water around the world. governments have been concerned about law enforcement issues and how you increase the standards of information and support for law-enforcement in the domain

name system particularly in the g t l d. wrote gramm clearly has more intellectual property protection by far than any previous program in icann's history and also better care and handling on law-enforcement issues. there are different constituencies out there. you have the privacy constituency and views and different sets of interests than law enforcement might. that is a healthy tension much of which works through the itn community to grind out policies. are those policies perfect? no. no policy is perfect. for the sake of the global public interest, you have to decide when consensus policies are developed and they are well thought through and considered and key issues have been addressed their comes the time to make a decision and move

forward. the icann board made the decision heading into this program for release in june last year in singapore and charged the organization with gearing up to handle all the technology needs, processing needs, arbitration, to be prepared for launch on thursday of this week. so let's talk about some of the enhanced provisions in this program to address intellectual properties and so-called defensive registrations and other things. in this program we are doing criminal background checks on the officers of applying organizations. in fact we have communicated with interpol and are taking their suggestions how to identify the right party to work with the globally to engage services. we do background checks. we are also taking the list of all the strengths that are applied for so many top-level domain name that of applied for around the world we will take

all those applications and close the window on april 12th and early may we're going to publish that entire list and anyone in the world, anyone in this room and anyone in the world can go into any single application and state your opinion, state your support, state indifference, state your concern. whatever it might be. whatever your set of issues might be. in addition in that period open for 60 days, also for 60 days we have a special window for our governmental advisory committee. those are the more than 100 governments that formally advise icann including all the governments in the room today. they have 60 days to get early warning and advice is special and icann. we had different advisor in committees but when it is from the government advisory committee the board is compelled to either accept that advice or if it rejects it to stay and

explain the rationale why it is being rejected. very high standard of expectation and care has to be given to all those recommendations so the g ac has 60 days to issue a preliminary opinion of all those things and flag any they are concerned about. they reserve the right to come back at any time in the future and express an objection but it is part of the process we established formalize government and review of those strengths. 10 for seven month period of time anyone in the world who has an objection to one of the strings can file a formal objection but you have to pay for that to be a loser pay structure and there are four different types of objections that can be filed on the basis of intellectual property issues. if someone applies for a name that looks like your trademark and they don't own a trademark file an objection. there is a formal process. independent experts are independent of icann and all the negatives that are defined in

the applicant guidebook. a 300 page rulebook for the program. those experts will determine the winner and loser. of connecticut losing their gone. they lost their application and are out of the process. the application is $185,000. that sounds like a lot of money but that is priced out to cover the criminal background checks supporting the technology processes here. the public comment processes and out for processing of the application, development of the application processing system and many other checks that we have to -- is priced at break-even. one third is risk contingency because icann faces of the litigation and other risks and if there is any surplus after the program is completed the community will decide what is done with those funds because they're managing separate funds. they don't going to the icann general fund. this is on a pure break-even basis for the benefit of the world. coming back to the protection, for seven months an opportunity

to file objections and they will run different portions of time depending on the nature of the objection and the timeframe set by those panel of experts in the processes that are defined. the next thing that is very significant is a global trademark clearinghouse. one of the problems is you are a trademark holder. it is hard to watch what is happening across 300 top-level names to see if anyone might be registering your domain name so that requires human effort for -- the community and the intellectual property experts say let's build a global database and allow any party that can provide the documentation that they have the right to a trademark or service market to register enough space and get alerted if anyone in the world register's out of the second level to all these top-level did -- domains. we create 500 top-level domains and register your ten trademarks in the system. if anyone in the world tries to

register one of your trademarks in those top-level domains you will get notified. once you're notified you can communicate to the party directly and say cease and desist and if they don't listen you can file a complaint. final arbitration complaint under what we call the uniform dispute resolution process which is the basic arbitration process for domain name dispute. it is used roughly 5,000 times a year today and incidentally more than 80% of the cases the party that applies wins and control of the main name changes because usually parties will reapply if they get trademark or service mark and the other party doesn't put the process works and is much less expensive than litigation or other options. it is available but some parties were concerned that is not fast enough because it can take a number of weeks to resolve these issues so we developed a uniform rapid system for very clear-cut

cases and those will be resolved in a 21 day time period. this is how we structure that. that is another protection. further protection is what we call sunrise registration rights. the good new domain name on the rise in. as it is rising where the period of time during which trademark holders have the right to register domain names before other parties do. it is the period of time when only trademark and service mark holders registered domain and that is another protection mechanism sought by the intellectual property communities. finally, there is something we can think of as the nuclear option. that is called post delegation disputes resolution procedure. what that means is if a new registry operator demonstrated

over time to allow or engage in abusive behavior not in a global public interest or respecting the contract and policies of icann and the global internet community we actually have the right to shutdown or take back that registry. we hope never to do that. as you imagine that was a very hard fought battle by members of the community. but it will provide an incentive for good behavior because we don't want to see malicious conduct and behavior that is not good for the use of the internet. let's talk about the positives. easy to focus on the negative in any policy discussion. that is an important part of the shaping process. what are some of the positive reasons this program is moving forward despite the globalization? it is innovation. whenever you create new standards in the internet, whether you open up any

technology you create a standard there tends to be innovation. what is that innovation going to look like and where is it going to go? none of us know. that is why it is called innovation. is uncertain. it is about creativity. we certainly have the impression there's a lot of creative ideas that parties have out there and around world that they want to bring forward in this expansion of the new top-level domain space that we haven't seen in the past. that makes the future so interesting and what makes the internet so exciting. you work to design the proper protection you can in a program but you also have to remember there are very creative people out there who are not sharing their plans yet. there are a number bubbling up in the last few days if you read the wall street journal article from yesterday and other articles that are appearing parties are beginning to talk about their plans for a new top-level domain that will be created that were not speaking before and talking about numbers, can't remember if i

covered this but we don't have a specific forecast how big this round will be. we planned on 500 applications and having traveled around the world by a herd numbers as low as several hundred applications being forecast by others. the highest number ever heard was 4,000. i don't know where it is going to come out. icann doesn't care. arbuckle is not to create a number of applications. our goal is to serve local public interest and to administer those programs fairly and professionally for the benefit of global internet users. while insuring of security and stability of a global internet that has become so vital to so many aspects of our lives. we think clearly this innovation will create new jobs. we don't know how many. we can look in the mirror a few years from now and see clearly new businesses be informed. new companies being formed. service providers and top-level domain registries, new registrars so it is creating new

opportunities and new jobs. the reality is great ideas don't last forever. if you think of the domain name system it may seem very familiar, dot.com, dot.net, dot.org but that was created in the past that it is important to open up to users around the world to see what they wish to create for the next generation of the internet domain name system. the third benefit is competition. the reality is not everyone has the domain name that they want today. one of the reasons for that, the fundamental mismatch between how the trademark system evolved and developed over time versus how the internet works. the trademark system is fragmented and divided by categories and geographies so if you take the united states we have over 40 different categories for filing trademarks. different industrial categories. so the same name, exactly the

same name or term can be filed by different companies in different sectors. take that issue and rolled around to all of your countries. all countries around world. more than 150 have these that you are talking about well over 5,000 different entities that have the right to exact the same trademark or term. the domain name system on the other hand has integrity. every domain name is unique. so if you take example.com, there is only one example.com in the entire world. that is why the policies, work of our community is critical in coordinating the internet to maintain that integrity's those at someone send an e-mail to your county gets to you and doesn't go to five other people in the world because they have chosen to use the same name you have in a system that lacks integrity. so the domain name is unique and has naming integrity just like

the address system. address is unique. address integrity. that is what keeps the global internet unified. that keeps it working and scaling for the benefit of mankind. there's always going to be pressure between the trademark system which is divided again by categories of geography to fit into a system where each term or string is unique. you can imagine the competition for some of those weathered as financial competition or policy competition or whatever it might be there's a lot of heat and that is some of the heat you are hearing in other places in the last few weeks. the fourth primary benefit relates to competition, consumer choice. maybe you didn't get a domain name that you wanted because someone else with your family name grabbed it in 1993 or 1994. most family names were grabbed by 1995. in the western world. so you're going to have another bad apple with the creation of a

top-level domains. maybe you are part of a different trade association or group or city or geography that is going to have a domain name where you can actually get the name you want to have with your individual or business. that provides more consumer choices. some people ask and say are these going to be successful? how many are going to fail? how do you define success and how do you define failure? certainly who will decide? users of the world will be side. organizations will decide what succeeds and what is not successful. icann's concern is not about the individual business marketing or organizational usage success of a top-level domain. it is global internet domain name system be secure and stable and reliable. the community cares about protecting rights holders such as trademarks that we discussed.

we will see some success and we will see failures and we will see some innovations we find hard to think about today. certainly some things are predictable. having spent a week in beijing of months ago and hearing that a number of parties will be applying for generic top-level domains for their equivalent of things like dot.gov and dot.com and dot.org. sounds like reasonable -- we will see and make it clear, we have no opinion of anybody's concept or idea. we will take the applications and we will process them fairly according to the rules and the final decider on these will be the board of directors of icann but do not intend to wait in on individual decisions. they intend to accept the process and our chairman bleep original dr. steve crocker is here with us today who leads the

board. if we look at icann, icann in summary is consensus driven, focused on security and focused on unified global internet and this program has been developed to support all three of those. it was developed through consensus policy development process for many hard-fought battles over many years. had an entire set of protections for additional security and stability that previous gt lb rounds did not have which is important for support for centralized zone file backups and other things. i won't would seek out and get into too many technical details but there is additional security protection and clearly it should serve to support the unified global internet by helping the needs of internet users around the world who would like to have some of the same choices that people live in this geography

enjoy today. power is this internet going to look in five or ten years in the domain name system? we can say it will be more ubiquitous. there will be more domain names and more devices. more network addresses. it will be more global. the highest growth rate in the world of internet users is in asia. very significant growth. is going to be more diverse. we will see more different pools, applications, devices or different domain names. you will see more different way woulds and less latin as a portion of that mix i would predict. it is going to look more like the world and less like one individual country. i think that is a good thing for the internet. i also think if we meet together here in two years and have this discussion and look back on this program, today many people ask the question why are you doing

this program? and i think in two years time a lot of people look back and say how could you not have done this? how could you not have opened up the internet to this innovation and this international participation? that summarizes my comments. i'm thrilled to be here with you today and maybe we can move to question and answer. thank you very much. [applause] >> it occurs to me that i did -- to introduce rod bias and everyone knew who was. global internet leader. if you don't know who he is seen me afterwards and we can -- with that we would like to if you have time take a few questions. there are microphones if you can wait for them and if you could please introduce yourself when you ask your question. do we want to go ahead and start?

[inaudible] >> this is julia at the national journal. the process of consensus and the bottom stuff through the process of icann making decisions but can you respond to critics who argue you didn't follow this process given that so many -- [inaudible] -- respond to that. >> policies were developed by the generic name supporting organization and it took three years of hard work of that group which itself has a complex structure and one which multistate older models have gone through two significant evolutions in design over 12 years. the design is quite organic and the folding. it was developed through that process and reviewed in depth by our board which is of multi stakeholder consensus party itself. board members are elected by those policy development organs that i mentioned. there also appointed from the advisory committee like the roof

server advisory committee that engage these policies to secure instability advisory committee which is security experts from around the world. the at large advisory committee which includes 150 civil society groups around the world and of course the government did 53 committee. look at our engagement on this alone. the first time in icann's history a formal consultation just on this program in march of last year in brussels. 40 countries represented. i think we had 18 out of 22 icann board members and liaison and worked through a the requested changes that came from the governments of the world through the cac and we accommodated 70 of those. which is just another touchstone example. that does not mean in a

multistate older model reaching consensus is not unanimity. this program was not approved with unanimous vote of the icann board. round one was in 2000. the first round at a unanimous board vote. this one had a dominant majority. it is all on line and documented and transparent and the reality is some of the parties that issue complaints right now issued letters on the part of the program and their changes were a, dated. if you find a place where change was not a, dated you're probably going to find parties that had a different view. risk consensus process. no process is perfect and by the way, this process can still change or programs change because the board of icann and icann is an organization reserves the right to change this program in the future and every applicant that applies for

a top name has to understand that. we need to do that for security and stability of the internet because we don't know what set of issues could develop tomorrow. >> any reason you had to take a day? key members of congress saying slow this down. why not delay it? answers more questions. >> it was the date approved by the icann board. the global internet community, many participants felt they waited many years already and there was no reason for the delay. no new information has come in in the last few months. the same set of arguments most of which have been heard for four or six years. same set of issues. it is all balancing equations. just like congress finally enact legislation or any other legislative body. doesn't stop lobbying of special interests that that was unfair legislation that you should change its. i think is the same vein.

the same thing. >> i will stand up so are the block your shot. this debate has been healthy. i wonder if you want to qualify that in any way. any way in which the debate has not been healthy? i ask that because there has been controversy that the internet and icann is too dominated by the united states government. and the way you explain the evolution of this program is appears to have a lot of international support but has run into a lot of criticism in the u.s. congress even from the federal trade commission. members of congress saying the department of commerce should were you to slowdown. this criticism coming from within washington like this makes it more difficult for you to say that icann is not dominated by washington? >> yes. icann is a global institution

and it says that even in the white paper and green papers develop joint effort by the department of commerce and the white house that shaped this initially is that we must be a global institution. there is a national -- natural tension. that is why it is more important that we be true to the global public interest and not the interest in any one national geography. i want to recognize there have been concerned expressed from trademark business interests from around the world and different trade associations limited to north america award d.c. or focused here over the last month we received a lot. i think even that is healthy because even the debate in and engaging of these issues is leading to better understanding of icann. icann is a complex organism. we are multi stakeholder body with all these interlocking parts that work together. how do you develop consensus on the internet? the same is true of the internet

engineering task force. critical internet organization that the finds most of the standard of the internet and the ones that we seek to follow as an organization. lot of pressure and attention. it forces the challenge for icann to decide what it is. is icann global organization or is icann going to be a national organization with global outreach? i can tell you under my leadership icann is a global organization that respect to its understanding agreements with the united states government. >> randy bachman at fcc. the ftc letter said most of the things they said were either unfounded or addressed by some of you're remediation process. one of the things i didn't see even though you mentioned the trusted trademark route is no

mention of the trusted group for domain names and ip addresses. are you planning on including that as well or not? [talking over each other] >> i am not familiar with the comment sheets you made about jeff moss of won't comment on that right now. i will say we are examining the ftc letter in depth. >> you addressed most of them. the one i haven't seen was on the route of ip addresses. >> that is not part of a pro gram. i think that would have to work -- >> that you were going to include encouraging people to be part -- >> it is required. >> required for the registries to support the unisex. a top-level domain -- anyone at the second levels of have the

choice to turn on you n s c. >> you selected the names, not the numbers. >> correction. this is a change to the domain name aspect. we also specified that all the registries have to support both internet protocol iv and vi. the discussion about the block of internet addresses and how that is secured is an ongoing technical discussion. once the i t f comes internet architecture with their set of guidelines for doing that the next step becomes how does itn look at policies to support them? an important effort. we appreciate your support for that. >> we have one more. >> i am a a trademark and

copyright attorney and in the business of protecting trademarks and brand names. we recently did one of the first dot.xxx evaluation services. one went very badly. 21 d. a. process through the holidays. is the process for the g t l be going to be setup similarly and will this eventually be rolled out to other top-level domains? i thought was a very effective process and alternative. >> glad to hear it worked. jamie, our government affairs and intellectual property expert. are the mechanisms the same? [inaudible] >> okay. there is a mike coming if you could start. >> itn which runs dot.xxx has their own policies. they develop those independently from the new programs.

it was followed under the implementation of the new program. and applies to top-level domains that are approved through the program. so it doesn't apply to the same top-level names. whether that is to happen in the future will depend on the community moving towards that objective. [inaudible] >> i am dan from the national association of advertisers. i'm wondering. you seem to be glossing over some levels of criticism that have been coming out. the ftc said there were problems, the chairman said growing out of this would create

a potential disaster for business and consumers and also in that report talked about the icann commission review team which states that the real truth that the current system is broken and needs to be repaired. the ideas stated their names -- these are international organizations. nato and the un and nato and 28 other organizations also brought a rollout was premature. gac which provided 12 proposals to protect the system from internet crime said the only three of those proposals have even been looked at and none had been carried out. these sound like very serious concerns when you are rolling something out that is going to fundamentally change the running of the internet. what you going to do to meet these concerns or are these concerns stories that don't need

any real concern now? >> thank you for sharing that. i am very proud of the work the review team has done. it was formed as a result of the affirmation of commitment we signed with the department of commerce on september 34, 2009 blogger cheadle that change the oversight from the department of commerce to be done by the world and groups that are comprised of different stakeholders' around the world. i am a cote selector of those teams and appreciate their hard work and there's more work to be done. who is a tough problem. you have law enforcement constituencies with an important set of concerns and issues and civil society groups and privacy parties with very different views as well. trying to find the right middle ground is one of the great and important challenges in this organization and more work has to be done. a lot of work is being done as we discussed in our most recent

meeting in cenacle when we met with the government to advisory committee and they share their view that roughly three of the concerns were in the process of being addressed. they were concerned about other concerns they identified that we initiated a review of our fundamental contract with the registrar's. their parties like go daddy or anyone you registered a domain name with. you went through to register in a registry for the generics. country code the different. we have contracts with the registrars and the generic space like we have contracts with registries. we are seeking at this time we are in the process of detailed contract negotiations with the registrar constituency to change and amend those contracts to provide better protection and we are very much hopeful. i know it is something dr. steve crocker cares strongly about and has shared his support for the evolution of -- i have been

concerned since i came in with my background in law enforcement and cybersecurity. we will see some progress by the public policy meeting in march. we invite all of you to join in costa rica and that is probably when there will be in depth next little debate discussion. so a lot more work needs to be done. there are other parties that are proposing new ideas. they want to consider on to prevent defensive registrations. icann is an open community driven process and we seek to follow that process. >> questions? one in front of you. >> i will try to answer with brevity as well. >> gravity is brevity. >> i will strive for both. >> comfortable scientific society president. because of your background i would like to know how you see

the filling of the holes of swiss cheese in security and what you think the current state is and how much it has changed. >> that is the mother of all questions. security is so complex. who is an internet security expert when it is almost impossible to secure anything attached to the internet? internet security is a great challenge of our time and something we have to work on together. the role that icann plays is really important. icann is a bit like switzerland in terms of neutrality. we have a neutral ground for every single country and territory in the world and have some level of work together to keep the domain name system going. everyone from the oecd countries to northern korea, syria, iran. these countries are members of

government advisory committee. we welcome them. all of them. we have operating contact with because we have toward navy operations of the internet through our functions. we work with everyone in the world and maintained that neutrality. you might read some interesting stories in the role that icann played to link together 100 countries around the world for collaborative efforts to come out of pernicious -- we are able to do that because of our neutral position. there are other things you can't do. i might have a role. i am not going to pine over whether the internet is getting more secure or less secure. we have enhanced technology for the domain name system by signing the root of the internet with the n s. we have 60 or 70 names cryptographic re-signed now. those are going well. adoptions slow at the second of

adoptions. the adoption by users is slow. we need the help of everyone in this room. people in government and private industry to advocate which prevents men in the middle attacks basically so when you click on a domain name or title domain name you actually get to that site and someone else can't jump in the middle. intercept a request and send you false data and full you and duke you out of information and the fraud your steal your money. so it is one critical piece of internet structure. what the gentleman mentioned from the ftc and adding security to the system is another key component that must be done and the work is underway but working in the standard bodies through building international consensus takes time. more work to be done. >> see the rest of this program on our web site, c-span.org. we will leave it here. democratic national committee chair debbie wasserman schulz is in bedford, new hampshire for policies--politics and aids

program talking about the 2012 presidential race and yesterday's album in the new hampshire primary. this is a forum for presidential candidates hosted by the new england council and the new hampshire institute of politics. we expect it to begin in just a moment. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations]

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>> we are live in new hampshire as the democratic national committee chair debbie wasserman schulz is in bedford, new hampshire about to address the politics and eggs for a. she will discuss 2012 presidential race and the results in yesterday's new hampshire primary. the associated press saying this morning is on to south carolina for the republican presidential candidate. they are expected to fly from new hampshire. mitt romney last night did win the new hampshire primary and he said last night we are asking the good people of south carolina to join the citizens of new hampshire. [inaudible conversations] >> with everyone be seated? we are going to start the program in a few minutes.

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[inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] >> welcome, everyone. i want to welcome you all. i am the executive director of the new hampshire institute of politics at hanson college. i want to welcome you all to the kickoff to the 2016 new hampshire presidential primary. [laughter] i was going to deliver better line then that that some people thought might be too exhausted to deliver a good line. the new england council and new hampshire institute of politics.

has become the must stop location for all the presidential candidates. reporters, our distinguished guests today and we are very excited about that. as you will note jim read is a way and larry saber is in place from the new england council. i want to thank our sponsors. you will see their banners in the back are responsible for responsible for making this breakfast happen and they are our partners through this process. great companies particularly here in new hampshire and new england. we have a few dignitaries today. we have the man who is responsible for much of the activity at st. anthem college in the last week, father jonathan phillies, our president. [applause] many dignitaries including rich siegel, governor and chief of staff. representative mcman who was

helpful in putting this event together. former dnc member and ambassador kerri shootmaker today. martha clark, senator foster all here today. also want to mention our friend kathy sullivan, former chair of the party who was the biggest help at the institute of politics. a round of applause for all of them. [applause] for purposes of introduction i want to introduce our friend jim the mayors who is on the board. he is a longstanding great new hampshireite and at key adviser to president obama. [applause]

>> when neil introduces somebody have longstanding new hampshire person that means he is really starting to get old. let me welcome you all here today. i think neil and the institute of politics deserves a round of applause. they played a big role at the primary. [applause] father jonathan did his part this year. he was lobbying very hard for outstanding weather for election day. he pulled that off and then he sent the message you can let it go and tomorrow we will get ten inches of snow. father jonathan blogger and congratulations to you and st. anthem for the outstanding job they did this primary season. i am very honored to be up here today to introduce our special guests. i did noticeovid is here to

endorse a presidential candidate. last night was an exciting with you are a democrat or republican. new hampshire live up to its part as the first nation primary. and neal said, today is the first day of the general election contest beginning here. it is fully appropriate for a month of republican candidates crossing the state that we have the chairman of the democratic national committee here to speak to us. talk a little bit about last night's results and what lies ahead for the election in new hampshire as we head for november. debbie wasserman schulz is one of those high-energy people. she is a member of the united states congress, formerly a member of the florida legislature. she likes to tell people that this is a state she loves to visit and vacation in and i think tomorrow when we see the weather we will be saying your

state is one we like to visit and vacation in as well. she has been a strong advocate for the president and the policies of the democratic party. when i introduce people i also like to tell one personal story about them. this kind of sums up the kind of person that debbie wasserman schulz is because a while back when she was diagnosed with breast cancer she never let that slower down. she continued the fight, continued working for the causes that she believes in, fighting for families and working people in this country. but she also used that experience and got legislation passed that helps educate women on issues relating to breast cancer and also prevention. and i think you can say that based on what she has done, there are a lot of women in this

country that are healthier today and a lot of women that are living longer today and that is the kind of leadership we all respect. [applause] soak it is my pleasure to introduce to you the chairman of the democratic national committee, debbie wasserman schulz. [applause] >> thank you very much. thank you for that really incredibly kind introduction and i appreciate your acknowledgment of my status as a survivor. i know there are a lot of survivors in this room based on the statistics. for me the opportunity to use my profile and my position to raise awareness and help make sure everyone has an opportunity to catch their cancer early like i was able to is incredibly important and that is what this

is all about. this is what politics is all about. making the world a better place and making life better for other people. i am sure in no small part why all of you are here in this room is why i do what i do every day. thank you so much. this is an incredibly exciting opportunity for me. i am thrilled to be here. gin definitely understated the depth of a feeling i have for the states of new hampshire. this is a home away from home for my family. my husband has spent his entire life especially growing up as a child on lake sunni with his family who had a home there for 50 years and for the last five years we had our home right there in newbury. my state representative is here. great to be with her. i got to have multiple representation, representatives i have in florida and my community in south florida because i like to say i am

debbie wasserman schulz, be paradise. i represent for lauderdale, hollywood and miami beach. wonderful opportunity to spend time here in this great state and the hospitality here, the people here are absolutely wonderful and warm and it is our favorite place in the entire world. to have an opportunity to speak at the politics and eggs ceres, is such a wonderful tradition, real privilege for me. particularly because it has become such a mainstay of presidential politics nationally but particularly in new hampshire. i am honored to be with you. father pleaded to look congratulations on pulling off yet another wonderful primary in the state of new hampshire, being our host at this circus the media has thrown on your campus. your students have been incredible. it is great to interact with

them over the last few days and the institute of politics -- where did neil go? somewhere. there he is. just done an absolutely terrific job. thank you so much. congratulations and go hawks. this morning the country is waking up focused on new hampshire. and the important message granite state voters delivered yesterday. yesterday tens of thousands of new hampshire voters went to the polls to vote for president obama in an uncontested primary. these voters clearly wanted to make their voices heard and send a message that they support the hard work president obama has been doing to turn our economy around and begin to make the progress we need to make to help lift people up and make sure every american has a fair shot at the american dream. that everyone has an opportunity to be successful. this is in clear contrast to the message sent by voters in the republican primary. what we saw, mitt romney came

out on top. he moves on to south carolina as the wounded candidate. over the course of the last few months mitt romney has been regularly trending towards 45% support among republican voters in new hampshire. at one point he enjoyed nearly 30% lead over the rest of the republican field. in yesterday's primary couldn't have happened soon enough for him because his support in the state was rapidly e. roading. as i watched it 0 it seemed the more people who got to know mitt romney the less they liked him. his margin of victory last night fell short of meeting expectations especially when you consider that mitt romney is a part-time resident of new hampshire and raise a family and served as governor of massachusetts next. he has really been running for president here for the last seven years. for anyone who was watching you saw prior to last night's primary mitt romney had not been having a very good week here.

he wounded himself in a few different episodes that left new hampshire voters wondering whether he really actually left american voters, wondering whether he understands the needs and the concerns and the worries of working and middle-class families and what they're going through in this country. a few days ago during this campaign event mitt romney attempted to relate to struggling granite state by making the claim he once feared getting a pink slip. for new hampshire voters and voters across the country not only does this statement rink and true but it suggested a disconnection with middle-class americans. many hard-working americans also were rubbed the wrong way by mitt romney's comment that he enjoys being able to fire people. no matter what context you listen to that remark in, when an employment relationship ends it is never enjoyable. it is never something fun.

it is always or at least it should be if you have some sensitivity uncomfortable. whether it was warranted or not. i think that really was another example of the disconnect between mitt romney and average working folks. he claimed he created 100,000 jobs during his time at a capitol. i figure that has been discredited across the board. republican candidates and fact checkers agree he didn't create jobs and a corporate buyout specialist at bain capital. he made a profit at any cost by outsourcing jobs, closing plants and bankrupting companies. deliberately bankrupting companies in order to make a profit. these are incidents that show ran out of touch attitude and insensitivity on mitt romney's part to the real challenges working and middle-class folks are facing today. i think they contributed to a drop in his support among cancer voters over the past few