bill of rights which is a blueprint to improve consumer privacy protections and to spur innovation, and i know others will speak more about that. ..

>> that is essential to the development of our economy going forward, and makes the progress and essentially lightens the burden of legislation and the government to mandate it. so we are committed to these privacy protections as a component of the trust in the internet. again, as president obama wrote, one thing should be clear, even though we live in the world in which we share personal information or freely than in the past, we must reject the conclusion that privacy is an outmoded valley. it has been at the heart of our democracy from its inception, and we need it now more than ever. with that it is my pleasure to introduce our sector of commerce, john bryson. [applause] >> well, it's a pleasure, a great pleasure really to be with all of you here in the room today. and i know there are many

listening in deeply concerned and deeply interested in this critically important subject. i thank all of you here. i want to say, as gene did, in some ways a wonderful coincidence, but i do want to say that in my years in my private life, and in what i did prior to coming here, i had many, many opportunities, to meet congresswoman mary bono mack, and we worked together in southern california. and issues that pertain to water in many subjects, and i want to say thank you very much for your interest. thank you for your leadership. and i know and that absolutely do know that she's a sound, very thoughtful legislator. it's a pleasure -- [applause] we haven't seen each other for some time, so it was a great

treat. well, i think you know that the work that we are addressing today is really a result of britain together a broad representation of privacy experts, of consumer groups, internet companies, and many others. and just thank you for being with us. as we all know, millions of americans shop, sell, bank, learned, talk and work online. and, in fact, we are now in a situation in which there's a stunning growth. the online retail sales in the united states now, just that portion of sales, are now nearing $200 billion annually. but the challenge here is we have also seen stories of consumer data being lost and compromised or stolen.

and privacy and trust online i think has never been so important. never been more important to both businesses and consumers than it is now. an increasing number of consumers concerned about their information being safe, and also being used only as they intended. today, we need strong online protections for consumers. and at the same time we need to provide businesses with principals to help guide their privacy policies and decisions. and we need this now. we cannot wait. the consumer privacy bill of rights will help protect consumers personal data, provide businesses with better guidance on how to meet consumers privacy

expectations, and ensure that the internet remains a truly strong platform for commerce, for innovation, and for growth. this blueprint was created with the input from these groups, consumer groups and industry, academia, technical experts, and includes seven basic protections that consumers should be able to expect from companies. let me take you through those, and i will do it one by one, but very briefly. number one, individual control in what kinds of data companies collect. number two, transparency and how those companies lan to use that data. number three, third respect for the context in which the data is provided and disclosed. fourth, secure and responsible handling of that data. fifth, ability of consumers to

access and ensure the accuracy of their own data. sixth, reasonable limits on the personal data that online companies try to collect and retain. and then, seventh, accountability from companies for strong privacy measures. we will be working with congress to implement this through legislation, but we're also moving forward now. we feel we just cannot wait. the commerce department's national telecommunications and information administration, nt i, aic, larry strickling who is our leader there, that team will convene businesses, consumer groups and other stakeholders. the stakeholders will work toward consensus on codes of conduct based on this blueprint.

what we like about this approach is it gives us more speed and flexibility than traditional regulatory processes. from there, companies can voluntarily choose whether to adopt these principles. as a former ceo, i know that many of them will have an incentive to do. i had that experience. in many cases, i think a meaningful fraction of many businesses customers will want to seek out strong privacy protections. already it is great to see that commitments are being made with the tools allow for more individual control. and as gene said this, this includes digital advertising alliance and its committee of internet advertising and media companies. and then finally we envisioned

that this plan will be of great interest internationally. we plan to support broad cooperation and consensus on this issue. e-commerce, after all, is global by nature. so in closing, i simply want to underscore that this blueprint is an important step towards fostering a culture of trust and respect for privacy across america's businesses and consumers. so thank you very much, and i'll move on with introductions, special thanks to jon liebowitz. he doesn't follow immediately that i wanted to recognize the role the federal trade commission very meaningful place here. and then i want to turn now to stew who is the counsel to the digital advertising alliance and what they've been doing to help

move this along, is really vital import. so again, tank you all very much. [applause] >> well, thank you and good morning. it's a pleasure to be here and see so many friends and people have worked on these issues for many years. the digital advertising alliance, also known as the daa, is a consortium of the largest internet media and marketing companies and associations in the country. it's our pleasure today to have four of the ceos, five of the ceos actually, another this initiative for the better part of three or four years, to get us through all of the different codes that have been developed and the progress. i would like to identify them. randy rothenberg of the interactive advertising bureau. nancy diehl, the association of american advertising agencies, bob, the association of national advertisers.

and larry, direct marketing association. their work here, and mark is here. i think he is, of the network advertising initiative. the daa was developed to provide information to consumers that they need to make educated decisions about information practices. the business community over the last two years through the digital advertising alliance has responded to calls from the department of commerce, the ftc, and the congress and develop self regulatory principles for online behavioral advertising, and multiple, and multisite data. these are enforceable codes of conduct am the type envisioned here today by the department of commerce in this announcement. further innovative offerings to consumers while providing transparency in the form of the universally recognized blue icon that we see all over the internet as you surf these days. and corresponding choices to consumers regarding collection of web viewing data about them. we are pleased the achievements and commitments of the daa on privacy are being publicly

recognized here today, and applauded by the white house, the department of commerce and the federal trade commission. furthering the daa's mission of transparency and choice, we are announcing today that the daa will immediately begin work to add browser-based header signals to the tools, to the set of tools by which consumers can exercise their preferences under the daa's principles. was implemented, consumers through the browser will have the ability to a friendly choose to exercise choice to multisize, web doing data and its collection. the daa intends to work with the browser providers and other daa participant companies, the leaders in this space, to develop consistent language across browsers regarding the consumer choice mechanism that would be simple to use, and in a clear manner will describe to consumers the effects of exercising such a choice. finally, the association that convened the daa also looked forward to working to ensure

proposals that are put forward in a white paper today which we will all be reading, and emerge from the multi-stakeholder process continue the success in providing choice to consumers while preserving innovative and dynamic offering that they desire. now i'll turn over to her good friend and leader of the federal trade commission, jon liebowitz. [applause] >> thank you, for your leadership in this area. and what a pleasure it is to be here today, to spotlight the efforts of the administration, congress, mary bono is your. and she is not only sound legislator, but she's also a leader on privacy. the federal trade commission, consumer groups to protect consumer privacy online. in so doing i think all of us promote a thriving internet marketplace. it is a cyber hope, and really a cyber driver of our economy.

now, at the turn of the century, one genius employed -- selling tactics to transform the american market for consumer goods. now, before any other company representatives with us today panics, that larry page is about to get dashed our mark zuckerberg overture, the sensuous the last century and a genius was henry ford. he said, and i quote, it's not the employer who pays the wages. employers only handle the money. it's the customer who pays the wages. and he was exactly right. it is all about the consumer. the ftc acknowledged that when we challenged industry to let consumers choose whether they are tracked online. and you, the sentries captains of industry, acknowledged that when you stepped up to that challenge. as gene noted, respecting consumers privacy and protecting

their personal data online encourages trust in internet commerce, which in turn fuels growth of the cyber economy, and really does pay all of our wages. so, we are honored to stand here today with the administration and secretary bryson of the commerce department, with two of my fellow commissioners, commerce is engaged in extensive study and research. this resulted in the white house consumer privacy bill of rights blueprint. blueprint is gone and it is a bill of rights. i think that is terrific. as does danny white who was there at the inception and now here. [laughter] that i don't think i'm going to go any further with that analogy. [laughter] >> and really members of congress on both sides of the aisle. and both sides of the capital, from jay rockefeller to joe

barton to mary bono mack was here today, they henry waxman and back to john kerry. so many of them have demonstrated they understand how poor and it is that consumers personal data be treated with care and respect. now, protecting privacy online and off is a central part of the ftc's mission. we have gone after dozens of companies that broke their privacy promises, scores of telemarketers who called consumers on the do-not-call registry. more than 100 scammers that have battled stand and spyware. most notably last year, two of the largest internet companies, entered with our agency both on their privacy commitment, hundreds of minutes of consumers worldwide and to higher outside auditors to monitor the practice. but since our founding in 1914, the ftc has also had a policy function and in recent years we're focused it but we would like to think to some extent like a laser on privacy.

just last week we released a report on mobile apps for children. we found that virtually all cases, either at stores or app developers were telling parents what data was collected and children, how the app is shared and within. that has to change. no one has the right to keep parents from taking a firm hold of their child's hand as they cross the information superhighway. we are now working with industry to make sure that parents do get the information they need. the principles underlying much of her work on privacy are laid out in a december 2010 draft report on privacy. as it calls on companies to follow through principles. privacy by design. more consumer choice, and better transparency. by the way, how many of you in the audience actually read privacy policies on line? about a third. maybe about 20%. you are pretty sophisticated audience. in the comments as part of our draft report we recommended a do not track system that would let

consumers choose what information is collected online and how it is used. today we are proud to report that a powerful group of leaders have come together to respond to our call. for the past several years the online advertising industry has been working to develop an icon that consumers can click to opt out of receiving targeted ads. today though it is to work in progress, the ad industry has obtain buy-in from companies that deliver 90% of online behavioral advertising as. and with the better business bureau, it's establish a mechanism with teeth to address noncompliance. it's backed up by ftc oversight and enforcement, so if they don't enforce it, and i'm sure they will, we can. more recently, industry has gone further. it has committed to not releasing consumers browsing data for sensitive purposes such as employers making hiring decisions or insurers determine coverage. is moving toward simplifying that when consumers do elect not

to be tracked, their choice stays with them. in a related effort, very early on the companies, the big web browsers, microsoft internet explorer, firefox and apple, stepped up to our challenge to give consumers choice about how they are tracked online. they did. up until now the advertising industry and the browser vendors have sort of operated in a parallel tracks, but separate ones. but today with the advertising industry announcing that it will honor consumer choices about tracking major web browser settings, two initiatives are beginning to come together. as a result, consumers will be able to opt out of tracking through either the icon on advertisements they see or through the browser settings, or to the browser settings that america will be moving further down the road to protecting consumer privacy. now, while these governments are encouraging, you still need to ensure that all companies that track users, including ones that are not advertisers, are at the

table. to that end the world wide web consortium in internet, added engineers, consumer groups, and participants across the broader technology industry to create a universal standard for do not track. we look forward to their deliberations, also very intriguing in the coming year. certainly challenges lie ahead. we all understand there are privacy problems in cyberspace. we spend a lot of time as an agency bringing cases against companies that fail to honor their privacy commitments. and the current do not tracking issues are not yet complete. but these issues aside, let's take stock of how far we have come. american business is committed to improving tracking controls, and at a more basic level to letting consumers choose how their data is handled and shared. that is, to protect the consumer privacy. henry ford once said, coming together is a beginning. keeping together is progress. working together is success. with encouragement of this

administration, which has a teeny recognize the link between protecting consumer privacy online and engendering consumer trust in internet commerce, and oppressive public-private partnership is made a beginning coming together around one small agency, do not track initiative. today we celebrate the progress we've made as we have kept together. apple, google and other tech companies announced yesterday they will insist on privacy policies, business is committed to them do not track him and the president has reminded us and the world, that in america, personal privacy is a right. from here we can see success which will, as long as we continue to work towards one common goal, a thriving, innovative cyber economy fueled by the confidence of consumers as privacy and personal data is handled with care and respect. thank you, now let me introduce the extraordinary ellen. who has federal policy -- [applause]

>> i'm not so sure about the extraordinary, but i will take it, thank you, chairman liebowitz. it's really a pleasure to be here today, and be part of this announcement. what we have just heard from our distinguished speakers is really good news for consumers. so i'm really delighted to be here, offering support on the half of my organization, consumers union, which is the policy and advocacy arm of consumer reports. and also representing consumer federation of america. our two organizations are all about listening to consumers, and consumers to tell us one of the real concerns they have about the internet is privacy. in a recent poll conducted by consumer reports, 80% of consumers told us they were concerned that online companies may be passing the personal information to third parties

without permission. if people don't trust that their online information will be handled with care and respect, they are going to be very uncomfortable signing up for new services. that's going to be a killer for innovation and growth. today's privacy initiatives recognize this fact. we agree with the administration that comprehensive privacy legislation would be ideal and we will work to that end. but this action today puts us on the path to getting greater control over how our information is collected and used online. we appreciate the administration's leadership role in this, as well as the ftc's tenacious work. we are pleased that industry is stepping up its efforts to respect consumer privacy choices. we believe the administration's consumer internet privacy bill of rights puts the right amount of focus on transparency around data collection and its use, and giving individuals more information, or more controls

over their personal information. we are grateful for the multi-stakeholder process described today that will be, this will bring consumer and privacy groups and industry together to hopefully develop consensus-based, enforceable privacy codes of conduct. we expect the consumer void will be a very loud and forceful voice during that process. we will do everything to make sure that happens. you can count on it. we are glad, too, that the ftc and at the advertising industry will be breathing new life into the do not track for consumers. some of the nation's largest media marketing associations have now agreed to respect consumer choices, expressed through do not track browsing tools. we are pretty pleased with it. this is a welcome step toward one day having a single, simple and persistent tool to opt out of being tracked online. we hope that day comes soon. we fully support the ongoing

negotiations through the world wide web consortium to help develop a uniform do not track standard. that's what consumers want and need. while we are encouraged by today's announcement, we are not ready to rest but we definitely are on the right track, but we need to stay committed to the goals of educating consumers about how their information is collected and used online. in giving individuals the means to make meaningful privacy choices. the internet gives us extraordinary tools to interact with each other and society. at the same time it has raise valid concerns about what is there when it comes to your personal information. we look forward to working with the administration, the ftc and industry to come up with their rules of the road so that we can all stand behind them. thank you very much. [applause]

>> that's it. it's time to get going. we are in a we can't wait mode about this issue. you here very soon from our colleagues in the department of commerce about how to get going. we need all of you who are here to help out with this process. as jeanne said i think, so clearly, the internet has come about because of the cooperative efforts of the wide range of individuals and organizations that our representatives in this room, that gather together all around the world to care about progress here. where critically depend on all of you working together to make this happen. i want to say that, to those of you who are involved in all the discussions that got us here over the last two years, we have seen tremendous collaborative spirit. we've seen a lot of flexibility. we've seen trust building, i hope, in the idea that we can all work together. and that's really our task forward. i want to close very quickly by just acknowledging a couple of people at the commerce department who really have had

the laboring oars on this effort. ari schwartz, alex, john morris, j., aaron burstein, ratio, and many others. i'm leaving out a lot of to. they've done an extraordinary job. they are the reason this is here. [applause] and i want to just think all of our colleagues across the white house. shannon got us all together, organized. and tristan as well. is a niche here? thank you, a niche. okay. we will look forward to taking the next steps with you, and thanks again for coming. [applause] >> with congress in recess this week, we are featuring booktv

in prime time here on c-span2. >> tonight on c-span, from this years world economic forum in top of switzerland, see the heads of the world bank and international monetary fund along with other global leaders as they talk about the future of the world economy.

>> no one is immune in the current situation. it's not just the euro zone crisis, it's a crisis that could have collateral effects, spillover effects around the world. and you know, we will hear from others, but what i've seen and what we're seeing in numbers, and a forecast, is that no country is immune, and everybody has an interest in making sure that this crisis is resolved adequately. >> i have been in touch that most involved in public finance, for over four decades. let me share with you, i've never been as scared as now about the world. what is happening in euro, looking back at what our experience was, not in crisis we have, have we had, and the crisis we had in 1990s. this is very big issue. first of all, i agree entirely with christine, that nobody is

immune. we are all connected with each other. >> and you can see this whole discussion tonight at 8 p.m. eastern on c-span. we will have more from the world economic forum tomorrow, including a panel on the political and economic future of africa. plus the ceos of several major corporations talk about the role there companies are playing in the global economic recovery. >> we got started because there are a lot of conservative think tanks that work across issues, but before cabinet there was no progressive thinking that worked on economic policy, domestic policy, national security. >> president and ceo of the center for american progress on the mission of the washington, d.c. based think tank. >> we think that there's an ideology behind particular are grants are made in washington with very little facts behind them. and part of our job is, you

know, to make the argument and factual arguments and evidence-based arguments behind our own juice. and i do think that sometimes, you know, when the facts to argue for our position we re-examine those positions because, you know, we believe the most important thing is to be right about what our user. >> a look at the center 4 and progress, sunday night at 8 p.m. eastern and pacific on c-span's q&a. >> at the 1968 olympic games, john carlos and tommie smith raised her fist in the black power salute. >> this is block power. bit intimidated so may people, white people in particular, by using that phrase, black power. because when they use that word on that phrase black power, it made many people think that black power and destruction. the statue of liberty or ground zero. destroying america. wasn't anything about destroying

america. it was about rebuilding america and having an american to have a new paradigm in terms of how we can truly be with each and everyone of us, did that pledge we're going to elementary school and junior high school, about the land of the free, the home of the brave. we all want to be great americans, but as young athletes we found that someone was wrong, some was broke and we wanted to take our time to evaluate and then take our initiative to fix that. >> discover more about african-american history during black history month on book tv on c-span2. and online at the c-span video library. search and share from over 25 years of c-span program at c-span.org/videolibrary. >> last week president obama released his proposed budget for next year. the administration wants a slight cut in nasa spending. the budget proposes eliminating

a partnership with the european space agency to send to robotic probes to mars. and that increases funding for the james webb space telescope. the successor to the aging hubble telescope. over the next two hours here on c-span2, a look at the u.s. space program. up next, we'll go to center marker will be an nasa administrator charles bolden at a space subcommittee hearing. >> nasa administrator charles bolden testified before the senate space subcommittee late last year about the future of

space exploration. here's a few minutes of the hearing, starting with florida senator marco rubio. >> during the august recess, just as we finished here in early august, i, one of the things a different vacation is rented a car in washington and we drove over as we were driving home we went up 95 into florida. we spent a day at the kennedy space in order to visit and watch some of the things they put on their for visitors. i hadn't been there since i was eight years old. my parents took me there on my eighth birthday. my kids have never been there. they left their, special my 11 year-old, left their very inspired by what america has accomplished in the past, space program but i will never forget the alliance from present income his actual voice when he justifies american space ambition. he uses the example of someone who emerged from a cave a thousand years ago and said why do we go to space? the same reason why people wonder what was on the other side of that mountain.

and, of course, a lot of human progress came as result of the. america's space program has been a leader in that regard. as we were leaving we watched the film about the first lunar landing. and my 11 year-old daughter trended me why don't we go to the moon anymore. which is not the specific general, and in general, younger americans have is why don't we do great things anymore? i think we do great things. i think it's important we remind them of the things i've accomplished and all the things that are going on in the unmanned programs as we build toward manned capability once again. but it really think the space program is indicative of everything phenomenal about america but we're a nation of people that are intellection and scientifically curious. i don't think i need to justify are outlined to members of this committee. all othe of the commercial scientific, military and economic progress that is, as result of our space program. if you want a way to inspire young people in america, go to the science technology and, the

space program can argue that better than any other endeavor we have. just a few months ago i had a meeting with the first lady of el salvador but i shall depart she picked up her blackberry and shall be pictures of her four year old son to do another believe what her son had on the table. he had a rocket as a u.s. a on. a little model rocket. this is the first son in el salvador, four year old i asked her what does he want to be when he grows up? she said he wants to be a national. that's what the american space program has meant, is that there's a four year old boy in el salvador, the first sun, son of a president who wants to be an astronaut. he is inspired by america's space program. there's no replacement for our country in the world. a lot of great nations emerging but nothing out of that can take our place. nothing is more indicative of that than our space program. we recognize the challenges we face but also the extraordinary opportunity i want to thank you anyone at nasa for the hard work you do, and i hope that during my six years here in the senate, or i guess five years and two months by now, i have run out

the clock on 10 months up here, that i was an opportunity to watch america's space program remained the leader in the 21st century. so thank you. >> general bolden, thank you for being here. >> thank you for allowing me to be here, and to you and the other members of the subcommittee i want to thank you for the opportunity to appear before this committee today, and discuss the human spaceflight program. allow me first note to thank the congress for approving and then yesterday awarding the congressional gold medal to astronaut senator john glenn, neil armstrong, buzz aldrin, and michael collins. and senator nelson and senator hutchinson, i especially think you both from the bottom of my heart for your inspiring words yesterday during the ceremony. it meant a lot. contrary to popular belief, this has been an incredible year for

nasa. we have completed assembling and outfitting the u.s. orbit segment of the international space station to quit taking key steps in moving into the future of exploration beyond low-earth orbit. and we've watched a private company space -- retreated impact. celebrate the 50th anniversary of human spaceflight and witness the successful safe conclusion of the historic space shuttle program. orbiting about 220 miles above earth right now, the international station, or iss, represents an unparalleled capability for human space based research. with science facilities that can support a bright of disciplines. the station holds the promise of new discovery, and there is directly related to nasa's exploration efforts. and it feels that of terrestrial applications and can improve life here on earth. nasa has engaged other organizations in the iss

program. and in august of this revitalize a cooperative agreement with the center for the fans but of science and space, to manage the portion of the iss that operates as a u.s. national laboratory. to increase usage and maximize its potential. the iss will provide opportunities to scientists and technologists throughout at least 2020. and with yesterday's successful docking of size 28 x. and the planned december docking of 29 s., we will restore the iss crew complement to six for the nominal six-month duration. is for the iss, nasa implement the commercial orbital transportation services effort to develop and demonstrate cargo transportation capabilities. the commercial resupply services, or crs, contracts to procure a cargo services to and from the station. nasa is pleased with the progress being made by both of these efforts, and we anticipate that space exploration technologies, or spacex, and orbital sciences corporation will begin transporting cargo to

the international space station under their respective crs contracts next year, in 2012. nasa is investing in the department of private sector human spaceflight capabilities through the commercial crude development initiative. now the agency is taking the next step in -- commercial crude program. on september 19, nasa released a draft request for proposal or face one. and the agency plans to release the final four this effort by the end of this year. nasa is aggressively moving forward with our next-generation, human spaceflight system, by developing the our ryan multipurpose crew vehicle. and space launch system, or as a lesson, which are take astronauts beyond low-earth orbit. nasa's plans include an uncredited system test flight of the orion an sos in 2017 and a

crude flight test in 2021. in may i approved the orion vehicle designed for the npc. as orion map well to the scope of our deep space requirements. the agency's current contractual partnership with lockheed martin corporation would therefore be used for at least the development phase of the orion. in early fy 2014, nasa plans to conduct exploration flight test one, or dft one, and i'm crude test mission using an earlier -- will help validate the heatshield performance in september, i selected the design for the sls which will take our astronauts farther into space than ever before. early flights will be capable of lifting 70 -- 70 to 100 megatons if only to a capacity of 130 metric tons. sls will use a liquid oxygen propulsion system based on the shuttle main engines. and an upper stage that use of

the gtx into the one nasa plans to use five segment solid rocket boosters for at most the first two initial capability flights, don't be a competition to develop a follow on boosters. the orion an sls launcher will provide the united states with flexibility to conduct missions to a variety of compelling destinations beyond leo. such as the earth moon or sun earth lagrange point. nearest asteroid, the moon, and the moons of mars and yes, mars it's so. as we look to the future of human spaceflight, nasa is working with the national research council to develop roadmaps to guide our technology investment strategy. we are exploring innovative ways to drive a rapid pace of progress, reduce lifecycle costs and minimize the risks of incorporating new technologies in the system design. nasa is also actively engaging with the international community through both the iss partnership and the international space exploration coordination group

which recently released the initial version of a global exploration roadmap. the gdr examines options for expanding human presence into the sewer system. with a human mission to explore the surface of march as its ultimate goal. nasa with our commercial and international partners has embarked on a new phase of human space exploration and development. in the leo, we see the culmination of efforts of many nations to construct the iss. in the beginnings of a new way of doing business. the use of commercially provided services rather than government owned vehicles, to transport crew and cargo from earth to leo and back. this will enable nasa to focus on sending our astronauts on missions of exploration beyond deleo, with the orion and sls. we are committed to developing an affordable, sustainable next-generation human spaceflight system that will enable human exploration, scientific discovery, brought commercial benefits, and an

inspirational missions that are in the best interest of the nation. we need your continued support to provide the funding required for this, and our cuban spaceflight efforts. >> up next here on c-span2, senator sherrod brown of ohio honor the 50th anniversary of john glenn becoming the first american to orbit the earth.

>> a slight decrease from the current year. on february 20, 1962, john glenn blasted off from cape canaveral aboard an atlas rocket and

became the first american to orbit the earth. in 1974, mr. clinton was elected to the u.s. senate from ohio. he served until 1999. last week, another ohio senator, sherrod brown, introduced a resolution honoring the 50th anniversary of the earth orbit. senator brown spoke about on the senate floor for about 10mr. pr. minutes.ortman and >> on behalf of senator portmanv and myself, i'm proud to haved introduced this bipartisan resolution, joined by 18 whom senators, 10 of whom served with senator john glenn in this institution of the united statee senate. john hershell glenn of ohio became the first american to orbit the earth. i was 9 years old. the presiding officer even younger than that. i watched him on television at home in mansfield, a city not much different from where john

glenn grew up, sitting with my parents and two older brothers. the broadcast, i remember, showed john glenn sr. and collarra glenn, john's parents, watching anxiously from their maul ohio hometown. others were listening from their transistor radios in new york city. the subway system broadcast the liftoff and flight progress over loudspeakers. in grand central station, cbs news set up a 12 by 16-foot main screen over the main ticket window. by the time of liftoff, 10,000 people were standing and watching. like millions of americans, they watched and listened to walter cronkite set the scene. our nation was in the midst of the cold war, worried about russian nuclear aggression, worried about the space race. cronkite later said -- "it was a time when the intricacies of science were complicated by deep american doubts and anxieties over where we stood in the race with russian science. with the arms race in a dead heat, space had become the

scoreboard of cold war competition. that's why a few years earlier, president eisenhower launched project mercury, the first human space flight program in the united states to put our country on the playing field. hundreds of our nation's bravest and patriotic aviators signed up. only seven were selected in the original -- as the original mercury seven -- john glenn of ohio, m. scott carpenter of colorado, gordon keeper jr. of oklahoma, virgil "gus" grissom of indiana, alan spep arrested of new hampshire, and donald slayton of wisconsin. john glenn later wrote of the original astronauts, the world was at the door of a new age. we were the people who have been chosen to make the first steps across the threshold. when president kennedy took office, he continued our nation's pursuit into space in the race against the russians. he said our leadership in science and industry, our hopes for peace and security require us to solve these mysteries and to solve them for the good of

all humankind. alan shepard piloted the freedom seven in may, 1961 in the first space shot. gus grissom piloted liberty bell seven in 1961 to prove that americans could launch humans into sub orbital flight. the russians successfully launched their astronaut into orbit around the earth. america's response was left to a decorated marine aviator born in cambridge, ohio, who grew up a few miles away in new concord. on the morning of february 20, 50 years ago this week, the eyes of the world were on john glenn who was tasked with piloting our space program's most dangerous flight at the time. he commanded friendship seven, named by glenn and his children david and lynn to emphasize our nation's intentions in space. over weeks and months, his mission was scrubbed ten different times. twice he was actually on the

atlas michael in friendship seven when the launch was postponed. the reasons were varied from inclement weather to technical problems. any miscues or failure would undermine national security along with national pride in the country's psyche. finally, at 9:47 a.m. on february 20, 1962, 70-degree fahrenheit weather at nasa space center in cape canaveral, friendship seven blasted off into space. as the rocket aacceptedded, people cheered, others cried, others prayed. the hopes of an entire nation rested on the shoulders of this astronaut of a space capsule hurling into an unknown place. he seemed not to know fear. the mission went forward. everything was going as planned. once successfully in space, john glenn became the first american to orbit the earth. he would observe three sunrises, three sunsets, and the wonder of the universe in only four hours

56 minutes. during the flight, problems occurred. the spacecraft's automatic control system malfunctioned, causing glenn to manually control the capsule, and he was prepared to do so. benefiting from nasa's vigorous training that included 70 simulated missions and malfunction response training for nearly 200 simulated system failures. his model of calmness, which i have seen many times over the years in all kinds of situations, and his wherewithal would become standard operating procedure for future nasa manned space missions. despite having to deal with the malfunctions, john glenn still carried out crucial parts of the mission. he took photographs of the earth. he observed weather and the earth's surface. he gave constant feedback to flight controllers about his flight controllers about his about his physical response to the zero gravity environment. f earlier in the flight, john sawt an indicator that friendshipd sevens heatshield lucent threatening his reentry intowiti

earth. with its world-class scientistss and engineer ls leading the ways in confident in its flight planning nasa decide to keep thp retro rocket pack attached to secure the heatshield.lanned as planned friendships ever into the earth's atmosphere withnn dn glenn describing the fireball reentry as one of the most exhilarating parts of thelight. flight.'s the it's a streak of light the people on earth can see in the in d sky, andes in dissent the capsud successful parachuted and splash down and splash down in the atlantic ocean east of the islands at 2:43 p.m. eastern time. uss know what retrieve friendship seven and brought glynn aborted ballot in ourard, nation pursuit of discovery in chewing its places in space ratc against the russian. just as important the flight of friendship seven and the courage of john glenn, inspirers generations of new scientists and engineers and aviators. it launched aew new era of spacf aerospace and defense itd t industries.ha advancents it showed that our advancementse

in science and exploring the ony unknown are not only a national security imperative, they are an economic imperative reaffirming we haveim what it takes to we outcompete and out-innovate any nation in the world. his after his flight john glenn of course received a hero's welcome, got to agree withes awards and accolades, and par ordered at a ticker tape parades and magazine profiles.ro tiroughout all of it, he patriotism and, of course, his s small town ohio roots. as a say in his follow was a a plumber and his mother was a schoolteacher.d by he remained grounded by his love for his wife, his childhood tteetheart, and much has beenasi both have ajust in love with e' other now in their 90s, as they were as children when they met. as john said, in a playpen inons he says of ann shoes part of myf life from the time of my firstnt memory. it's fitting that is so bring the 50th anniversary we honor hi his family, annie and their

children, david and lynn, who gave public blessing and private prayers and support during his service to our nation. i was fortunate to sit with lyne rotunda when john glennthre witd three other astronauts received his flight aboard friendshipds seven. were also honor the thousands of dedicated patriotic men and women of nasa's project mercury program. it took a huge team of people gn dedicated as john glenn and secy perhaps as courageous whoof ensured the safety and security with astronauts, preserve the pride of a grateful nation. john will be in florida on this weekend to meet with those who t were part of that operation, the engineers, the scientist, theg m technicians. and thanking them again for up a sending hindm up and bringing hs down safely. their service has inspired generations of future nasa technicians and mission controlo specialists from plum brookusky

station in sandusky the nasa glenn insa cleveland, to nasa in centers around the country. one of the first pressan the conferences, john glenn said this whole project stands withep us now like the wright brothers, sa ohioans also, stood at kitty us hawk. i think we something as big and as sta on rspansive as that was 50 years a ago. it that s it's that spirit of discovery,ya that conviction, duty and faitha that john glenn and bodies anden that his flight aboard friendship seven symbolizes.ce it's my honor to introduce thisn bipartisan resolution celebrating such an important national and scientificlso my achievement. it's also my honor to be accompanied on the floor today by nicole smith, who is a fellon from nasa glenn, an aeronauticah engineer who has done things asn varied as trained cosmonauts too the work she's done at our o office, guiding the success of nasa glenn, one of the best nast centers in the country. and also joined on the floor

with laura lynch who has been with my office or three years, a clevelander, who was actuallyor leaving our office for biggeretr and better things in a couple of weeks.eks an she has been partd of this, too. and my last personal moment wity this resolution is, i remember 40 some years ago, 44 years ago, i believe, mr. president, when john glenn was not sent to gleni received, i have received my eagle scout award earlier in the year.sf and colonel john glenn came toin the dinner with a number ofmafi. other eagle scouts in man to.ffn and i have a picture in my there cofice in the building of me s standing there in my boy scout uniform with my eagle pin, witha john glenn, and next to that is a picture of john glenn and mayy walked me down the center aisle to be sworn in to the united states senate. with my colleague from rhode island in january 2007.

so john glenn is special to our nation. is special to my wife and meohn because of our love for john ant annie f both, and a respect for david and lynn, their children. and he is honored our country in so many ways. it's my honor to submit this resolution, and thank my colleagues. >> and coming up on c-span2, more about the u.s. space program. he said if elected, he would

establish a permanent u.s. colony on the moon. and have regular commercial space flights between the earth and the moon. here's a few minutes of his speech. >> may, 1961, john f. kennedy representing a new generation having taken power away from dwight david eisenhower launching a new sense of a new frontier, announces to the congress we will go to the moon before the end of the decade. a movie called sitting up on the hill, buzz aldrin movie. he is so convincing. he said you have to realize the only person who would gone around the earth at that point was a russian. ..

>> has suggested that, you know, the idea of going -- of a permanent lunar colony -- the weirdest thing i've done and sooner or later, the researchers will find it. [laughter] at one point early on in my career, i introduced the northwest ordnance for space, and i said, well, i think the number's 13,000. when he was 13,000 people living on the moon, they can petition to become a state. [cheers and applause]

and here's the difference between romantics and so-called practice call people. i wanted every young american to say to themselves i could be one of those 13,000. i could be a pioneer. i need to study science and math and engineering. i need to learn how to be a technician. i can be part of building a bigger and better future, go out and live the future looking at the solar system and being part of a generation of courageous people who do something big, bold, and heroic, and i will, as president, encourage the introduction of the northwest ordnance for space to put a marker down that we want americans to think boldly about the future, and we want americans to study hard, work hard, and together, we're going to unleash the american people to rebuild the country we love. [cheers and applause]

[applause] [applause] so, i'll give you a set of goals and observations about how to achieve those goals. by the end of my sec term -- -- second term -- [cheers and applause] we'll have the first permanent base on the moon, and it will be american. [cheers and applause]

we will have commercial lunar activities that include science, tourism, and manufacturing and are designed to create a robust industry, precisely on the model of the development of the airlines in the 1930s because it's in our interest to acquire so much experience in space that we have a capacity that the chinese and russians will not come close to matching. [applause] by the end of 2020, we'll have the first continuous propulsion system in space capable of getting to mars in a remarkably short time because i'm sick of being told we're limited to technologies that are 50 years old.

[cheers and applause] we get some of this stuff faster. i'm going to make modest observations and big observations. modest observation number one. we should be practical about using equipment, that is, for example, the atlas 5 ought to be interchangeable and ought to be as usable for nasa projects as it is for air force projects. [applause] we should get in the habit of absorbing small units of space. it's difficult to get the bureaucracy to think about the fact somebody's about to launch a commercial launch and adds 40 pounds, and that doesn't fit the nasa or military model. when we fly troops around, we fly them on commercial airliners

with other people. we are used to the idea that you can share space. you know, you can spend things that don't have to be a military owning aircraft or a nasa aircraft. i suspect even the nasa administrators fly on commercial planes with other people. [laughter] i want to know if we break down all the bureaucratic barriers and go to what we call a common sense model, if it's cheaper, faster, and it works, do it. [applause] second, we have to learn how to do 5-8 launches a day, not one, get in the habit that it's like an airport. if we're going to the moon permanently, go to mars, and have a near earth capability in eight years, we have to think more like airports than like space systems. okay, how do we manage this many things 1234 it's not that we can't do it, we just don't push

ourself, don't think about it, design the systems for it, but i want constant activity. there's a reason. the world war ii generation, tons of airplanes, so the designers from world war ii made a lot of mistake, and they learned from them. it your military aircraft today, you're -- you don't have lending curve. i want us to have so much activity that people are learning again and we have the best talent in the country at the spaes coast because it's exciting and die namic and who knows what next week will be like. does that mean i'm a visionary? you bet you. [cheers and applause]

>> host: joined by fowl for a discussion about the space program in light of former speaker newt gingrich's speeches about wanting to put a colony on the moon. last time you were on, you talked # about the current goal in space is not necessarily to reach a destination, but to develop technologies and a better understanding of the earth. in light of speaker newt gingrich's comments, is there -- people out there who want to go to a destination? do you see a strong desire of getting back to the destination? >> guest: people who support the space program value the

destination. it makes an impact on congress when it comes to spending the money, and the generations in power are used to spending money. the moon was a destination for a long time. we're in the era where it's a destination realistically because we can't afford it, and the obama administration encourages firms to step forward and deliver astronauts and crew to the space station and leave nasa time and money to develop deep space technologies that will be, you know, in the 2020s and 2030s. >> your thoughts and questions on the future of the u.s. space program or speaker newt gingrich's comments from last week. if you want to call us on the democratic line, the republican line, and the independent line, and if you're outside the u.s. go ahead and call us. stewart pom, tells about your

experience in covering the space program over the past -- it's been several decades. >> sure, sure, been involved in journalism, working for the chronicle with a keen interest in space and nasa because of the space center in houston, which has been the home of mission control guided man's program for years including back into the 60s, and as you remember, you know >> host: a town hall on space policy about his vision for nasa. >> we will have the first permanent base on the moon, and it will be america. [cheers and applause] >> we will somewhere commercial near earth activities including science, tourism, and

manufacturing, and are designed to create a robust industry precisely on the model of the development of the airlines in the 1930s because it is in our interest to acquire so much experience in space that we have a capacity that the chinese and the russians will never come anywhere close to matching. [cheers and applause] [applause] >> by the end of 2020, we'll have the first continuous propulsion system in space capable of getting to mars in a remarkable short time because i'm sick of being told we have to be timid and limited to technologies that are 50 years old. [cheers and applause] candidly, if we inspire the

entrepreneurial spirits of america, we can get this stuff faster. >> host: he took heat politically for the comment, and the "washington post" said i think the moon base was newt's ducaucus in the tank moment, and romney said newt was going around every state promising xy and, z, and in the space coast in florida, he would appeal to them. your statements how it was taken by folks in the space industry and in nasa. >> guest: well, in florida, they are look for a voice trying to appeal to them. romney and the republicans agree on the direction of the space program which is, as i said, commercial, delivery of astronauts, crude to the space station, and let nasa spend time and money looking into long distance deep space enterprises,

and i think he's reaching out to the constituency, but experts looked at what he said, said it's unrealistic, taking away the credit card, and can't go back to the moon, especially on the scale he talked about, the eventual moon colony to become a state. i mean, we can't afford that. technology immense challenges and can't afford it financially. >> guest: comments on twitter about the plan for the moon -- this is bill king on twitter, if he invited all nations on earth to work together, it would get a lot of support, and also, public policy polling in north carolina did a poll on this issue, the question to the republican primary voters, would you support those establishing a colony on the moon. of 1087 likely republican primary voters, only 21% said they support it, 53% said they

would oppose it, and 26% were not sure. do you think those numbers would be higher in other places in the country other than florida or if florida is the one place you'd expect it to be the highest. >> guest: highest in florida. as i said, a lot of space coast economy's dependent on the space program. kennedy space center is the center piece of the program since the 60s, and the challenge in florida is if you're not -- if you're an aerospace engineer, you're well paid, been at it a long time, and you're laid off. it's a tourist destination. you're going from an engineer to flipping hamburgers. there's not an alternative aerospace engineers program there other than the space program. >> host: a question for you that's come up since the moon colony statements. the idea of why do we need to continue to have man do the deep

space exploration? we have so many machines these days that sending out problems to different parts of the galaxy. what's the importance of having a human being doing that exploration? >> guest: good point. there's a constant debate in congress and nasa when it should be robotic and when it should be manned, and a lot of what's driving the choice now again is the budget. we're sending the probe to mars, we're sending gravity orbiters to the moon, doing a lot of research in space that doesn't involve men and women, and now they are used on the space station that has capacity for six people at one time, and they do a lot of scientific exploration there. > host: what's the mission of the station these days? >> guest: an orbiting laboratory requester zero development of medicines and technologies and so forth.

it's the only place you can do that, in zero gravity, and there's been 5 lot of benefits of the space station. it's $100 billion station involving countries from around the world, european space agency's involved in it, and it's the only place where we can do test technologies and test practices to use potentially down the road on deep space missions to an asteroid by 2025 or to the moon or mars in orbit by 2035. >> host: what is the space station the biggest ticket item on nasa's budget these days now that the shuttle program ended? >> guest: i don't know in terms of expense ere at the maintaining level. building the program was the same, and that was huge, but now we're in the business of sustaining it, the goal is to sustain it until 2020. again, relying on commercial

spacecraft to deliver cargo and astronauts, and it's going to be less expensive to maintain it and operate than it was to build it. >> host: graphic here of nasa's 2012 budget request, the overall request of $19 billion, science funding, $5 billion of that, exploration, $4 billion, space operation, $4 billion, space research and technology, $1 billion. we're currently in the budget of things right now. what do we know about the 2013 request? >> well, i think they will be lucky to get a flat line budget in the climate and that means agencies like nasa will take a hard hit to get that number in automatic cuts, and so i think we're going to be lucky to get a

flat lined budget. ..better than the flat land. there will be programs that will do worse. as i say, on capitol hill, in this budget climate, the space agency will be very, very lucky to get a flat line. host: on twitter -- let's open the phones with albert' on the democratic line. do you have a question or comment for stewart powell? caller: obama's idea of new technology driving america -- the people of america can drive our technologies to where we are doing new things and better things, instead of the republicans gridlock in the idea that the schools and the money are making it impossible for us to get into schools so we can develop newer technology, so

that we can't go to the moon and to newer things and better things. america is great. the people need to get together. obama is doing the right thing. everybody has got to quit being so harsh on him. g host: is there some thought out there that the nasa program can only be funded in times of plenty these days, when people are concerned about doing away with the shuttle and all the cuts to the program? what do you think? guest: nasa has enjoyed bipartisan congressional support from the beginning. i think it can continue to share bipartisan support and gain resources and support on capitol hill, but the days of the big- ticket programs, whether it be the shuttle program or the apollo programprursola the precursors to landing on the moon, i think those days are over. obama is stretchingth the a is i virginities reach until 20-25.tt you know, that is two or three presidents from now stretching over.ow

that is perversity of five or six. >> host: in the end these big moments, the moon landing or- what have you. >> guest: this is our overcome gueswe have to remember him going to the moon started as part of the space race with thee russian spirit it was not explore the moon. atio became the rationale, but in reality the political driver there from the money and thelil support was national security. and with the space race with tht russians command we don't have that anymore.nymo we're not raising any ready to the moonbo anymore. >> host: what year was it thats: the last man walked?the la speech in 1972. eugene's on in was the last astronaut to leave the mean and he recently endorsed mitt romney in the florida primary. >> host: we have an article thatt that from the telegraph. last man on man backs mitt romney race to white house , at an open letter endorsing that kind -- candidacy veterans include moon walker jeanne

simon, and former head of nasa fed him as the only contender capable of the disarray -- disarray redone as of a president obama.briefed on n let's go back to the phones are republican line. davis from michigan. morning. >> caller: yes. as far as speaking about then t colony and the moon is that's speculating. les he was not entirely serious entr about a colony and the moon. he would say that so himself. h only this cynical minded one would want to bring it up and make a mountain out of a molehill about that comment, one to allow federally. >> host: you don't think itt was a serious statement? a campaign picks? >> caller: a dream in the far, far future. he wants the market to start becoming educated again to learn mathematics and science. in china those kids are

wallowing in arithmetic and has cool. there through the calculus. in america high-school students are just because students.. >> host: did you take it as more of a dream or a serious diu mpaiaign plan? >> the ticket as an ambitious goal. >> the problem with what he -- what he said was that it made this is program work lavish andd i'm grounded and disconnected from the reality going on on the hill, which is theirs is not the money for that.on and there might be a dream thats scl people have, but it is really in a different era.n a we don't have the money and we have lost that sort of national security component to the spacer couram, it made our country and our congress willing to ante up that kind of money.

>> host: again, we are talking with stuart paul, the houston chronicle's washington correspondent. the talk about the gridlock on the hill. are there -- who are the big opporters of nasa on the hill? are there people on capitol hill that are pushing the same sortph of dream that newt gingrich has a putting a moon base up? >> guest: there have been in the past, but i think everybody is kind of settled down and taken a look at. you know, bill nelson has been an advocate for the space h bee program in florida nationally. he is a senator from florida. he flew on a shuttle in 1986. f in fact, he flew with charlie bolden, not an asset administrator. a strong advocate to get that job. he has been a powerful advocates for nasa.r na if you look around the country, they have nasa facilities inti texas, senators usually in members of congress who are vere aggressive in supporting theppv. programs. kay bailey hutchison in texas, mayor of the senatember appropriations committee has played a key role in funneling

programs and resources to the johnson space center in to the houston area. nelson -- >> host: and those voices are also a reason why we see the ale nasa program broken up in a lot ouarts of the country. >> guest: exactly. the facility in alabama, the marshall space flight center,y a facilities in california, utah,o contractors all over thee ntra country. so it is a national support program, but i again people realizing and contacting realizing that if there are limitations to what they can achieve in this climate. >> host: back to the phones, the paul, an independent from nsas.wood, arkansas. good morning.: >> caller: i don't agree on much of anything, but we do need to get to the moon for helium. we can use that for nuclear fusion, which is virtually nofol radiation, tremendous amounts of energy, and we can use that to

get off of the independent on these terrorist countries forene oil and, guess what, we can alsh put a laser cannon of there tore divert any asteroids or comets headed for earth and gramm to buy rare minerals up there we can take advantage of. >> host: that was paul from talk aood, arkansas. tucker was some of the newchno technologies that may be paul was talking about or some of the other new technologies that were being discussed for the futuree of nasa.sa. >> guest: well, i think some of the biggest goal nasa has isa to come up with any proposed a system that can get as just atsh diamondback. mars and back, rather. >> host: is this what they call the baseline system? >> guest: right. gu ene of the plans is to have more buying fuel. the an resupply a spacecraft. the challenge is getting equipment and fuel and so onin into orbit and escaping. they call it the gravity well,ah pushing everything down toward earth. if they can get that stuff up into orbit it may give them at t

chance to go deeper, father, quicker. further, nasa, i think, is parqut of tha. the focus is hyper propulsion t system that may or may not develop. that is one of the cutting edgee issues. >> host: when you sickeningu sa it's how far away are we for many of those being developed? >> guest: a long way. you know, the follow-on to the-n shuttle program will be test flown in 2017 without astronauts and hopefully ctesiphon with tes astronauts by 20-21. this would be the space program, the spacecraft that will be able to reach the space station. >> host: and that is not going any particular destination, but flying in space. >> guest: being designed to reach an astra by 20-25. the basis for the mars program n and 20-35, but, you know, that is just to get men back -- men and women back into orbit and beyon. our but. >> host: and how likely do you think it is that we will be ablk to keep toward that goal because we have seen the goals of the' e

space program changed betweene g the bush a ministration and the obama administration and can wea plan that far out? >> guest: we are answering ane appetite now for a goal and four program and a robust programpr reflects the nation's pioneering . we are trying to achieve that ae and maintain that at a time whet we cannot afford to pay for now. we are stretching. i think we're going to continue to seek goals describe to,e whether it be by newt gingrich,t or mitt romney or barack obamacare michael's described,ms but the path to reaching those goals is going to be stressed because of money. >> host: question from justice to cut just above twitter. why is it against the law for nasa to work with the chinese as base and is it not russia and is it not russia working with the chinese? are there laws about certaingut: people nasa can work with?ed >> national security as dishes in the opening cooperation with china. the next nation that is likely

to assembly on the moon. planning missions this year to thei up astronauts with their module, which is the heir equivalent of a space station. so they are moving on man's base operations.. everybody says they're probablyl going to be astronauts speaking chinese and the man, you know, host:e next decade or so. >> host: what do you think the political reaction will be herel in d.c. if the chinese but the xt m man or woman on the moon? >> guest: i think the reaction from my generation of folks who came up with the moon programcau thd saw the moon landing and saw it in the context of a securityn and the high ground fority protecting the country, i think they're going to be f alarmed, t you know, the general population , and degenerationspopu did not grow up withla this, ioh think it will look at this and a more realistic fashion.realis international cooperation instead of the only way we willp get to mars.

may very well be anyone that wants to indienne gets to be part of the team. and i think there will be less backlash to a chinese inlvemement then we are seeing now c-span2 back to the phone, e sam is a democrat from rome, georgia.s morning. are you there, sam? we will go to twitter. a comment from twitter. victor says the decision to scale back nasa and go to commercial space was formed can r bush, obama just tweeted. can you talk a little bit about the history of the development about our plfor space? >> guest: short. president bush decided during his term to end the shuttle program and 2025 and ended in 2011, and he decided after their columbia accident to generate ae new vehicle called the constellation, which wascle ed designed to reach the moon by te

2020.. we were going down that road to return to the moon by 2020 with this constellation and a new space capsule. and when president obama took office he had a team of veteran space experts take a look at,sp could we afford this program? president bush have outlined it in the wake of the columbia tragedy. they came up with the conclusio? that we could not. we had to modify the program, change the timetable, is the direction. and that is essentially the result of where obama and arrived with his space program proposal, different from whatin the elena floridian 2008, less. ambitious.ad major changes. people come his critics accusecs him of reneging on his campaigni promise, but, you know, thethe y reality is when obama took is, office in 2008, 2009 we were ino a freefall of economics and

their just wasn't the political and financial support for theicl kind of program that our country had been used to for 40 years. e >> host: let's try the phone w again. william as a republican from washington. good morningcaom. >> caller: i would like to point out that the scientiststhe under the previous nasa administrator as well asin testimony before congress, 99. 9 percent opposed human activity as space and cost-effective of the most bang to the buckef robotic science mission as america races to the bottom and globalism and free trade, no money left for foolish activities of the as this technology drive economic performance. you shouldch listen. there's some good nine -- trying to do the best free.re's 99 percent oppose the u.n. mission in space.

>> guest: well, i think that you can achieve a lot with robotic waste benchers. the probe that is going to mars now and the vehicle that is onno mars now is in his fifth year of operation. it is kind of incredible if yo'' see the pictures and videos ptue coming back from this. in that think, you know, the ability to scientifically sciente whether there is water on the moon oifr on mars or nev, i think it is crucial scientific information. at the gray will to achieve a lot with the robotic exploration the problem politically is that it is not nearly as exciting and as that galvanize politicall su support quite thepp same way th manned space does. >> host: a month on the is a waste of money. r one to read a little bit from that talking about manned space exploration.explion.

he writes, a manned space exploration need not worry about food and whether, isolation and low gravity and the human spirit body. once human beings are inserted everything changes. lives up but that risks, costs and for what. with the greatest respect, you wonder in glory of it, not a very compelling answer to the question, to qaeda from my what doion. especially says that can be better satisfied i with lower-ct without human astronauts. the hard truth to deliver to the laid-off engineers of the florida space coast is that space exploration is another industry where our nation has reduced the number of human employees needed to propose putting 13,000 human beings on the moon is a law like proposing to return to the days when steel mill employed tens of thousands of people. it's not a vision of the future. let's go back to the phones in"o florida. charles is on the independentle line. >> caller: yes. e to make a few

points.ldike in 2009 bought almost a trillio1 dollars from the chinese.lion fn that samesee. year we gave the u win 600 million. the chinese gave 60 million.e the point being that the chinese are frugal with their moneyey where we are wasteful. the u.n. despises us, the surpasswill surpass us with their military as well as theas space program because they know whhe they're done with their money. you.host >> host: well, give us a little more insight as to the chinese program and comparisons to the u.s.?.s >> guest: as i said to my china expects to send astronauts to link up with their corporates space station.it they are doing preparations too go to the moon and to land astronauts on the moon at somee point. ' think, as i said, that will b'

an incredible moment, will then awakening in terms of the moon now being accessible, but also in terms of changes in nationale claman's where nations to may not be our allies are also able to reach the moon and generate,o you know, these moments in kind of space history. >> host: what about the status of commercial low orbit spaceht, flights, the private sector getting involved. tell us a little bit about thatk and also if the chinese have a similar program going on in their private sector?s >> guest: the united states space experts are planning to fly a rocket and space craft toc the space station in february. station. they slipped the date until march. it may continue to slip. that would be the first commercial visit to the space station by a u.s. private firm.

in an effort to replace the deliveries of the shuttle. that would be a big step. it would be a cargo flight, not a man flight. eventually, they hope to have a manned flight on board a commercial spacecraft. host: what are the firm's? leading that? guest: spacex is one. host: virgin galactic? guest: i think that's more tourism. orbital and spacex are the big ones. the big challenge will be convincing nasa and congress that these flights are safe enough and proven enough that you can put u.s. astronauts on board. we all went through the challenger and the columbia and the loss of the three astronauts on the flight pad in cape kennedy in 1967. we've lost 17 astronauts and the

space program. i think people are very keenly aware that would be a huge setback to rush forward with a man space rated private commercial aircraft and have a problem. host: clifford is on our republican from minnesota. good morning. caller: good morning. i think we should tell newt to put some rockets along the equator and maybe rotate that thing for one r.p.m. per day and make it real comfortable for our colonies. what do you think about that idea? host: clifford from minnesota. you were talking about the idea before of space tourism. can you give us an update on where we are and where we can buy a ticket to go into space? guest: it's interesting. the russians have private citizens aboard their spacecraft to the space station for some time. i think it's $20 million per seat. it has been a revenue-raiser for

them. there have been some tycoon's taking advantage of that and going up there. we have not done that. the closest we have done is to have non-the astronauts on board, including the teacher in non--- have been thing the astronauts on board, including the teacher in 1986. there are companies trying to compete and get into the space tourism business. the one you mentioned is the one of them. host: a question from bill on twitter. guest: that is a really good question and i do not know the answer to that. host: let's go back to the phones. john is a democrat from harrisburg, pa.. good morning. caller: how? are you? my big question -- i know they've been trying to go up to space for a long time.

i know you've got a lot of things from [inaudible] up there. you know, the ocean is really big. right now, the price of a bottle of water is enough money to where there's a lot of water in the ocean. why don't you try to take advantage of what we have here on earth so we can make things easier and use that type of money and take that ocean water and make it drinkable? host: stewart powell? guest: you are right. there has been a lot of focus on space because of the national security program, rather than ocean exploration. i think that's a good point. there may be more commercial opportunities at sea then we have looked at. host: in terms of exploration, is there a push between one gets

funded or another? guest: we have the national oceanographic agency that is focused on the ocean. the nooa budget is nowhere near the nasa budget. the bipartisan congressional support for noaa is a given. again, nasa has this extra dimension of national pride and national security role that i think is an important component to why it is supported. host: it is not like noaa -- i believe the estimate was $450 billion per shuttle mission. it's not like noaa has seen an uptick with the end of the show -- with the end of the shuttle program? guest: no, there's a constituency still there. it is being squeezed. it's hard to get people in non-

nasa states to support nasa spending, especially when they're trying to get jobs in their state. there's a besieged constituency on capitol hill that continues to support nasa. host: anne is a republican from tennessee. caller: are you saying obama allied in 2008 to the space community? what a shocker. i remember him saying he wanted to turn us into our reach to the muslim community. i have a very bright grandson. he wants to be a space engineer. i have told him obama is canceling the program and he needs to look elsewhere. i've also told him that i will sell a kidney before i let him take a loan from this government that is out to destroy our young people. those kids at the university of florida -- you know, i know there frontal lobes are not developed yet, but they need to look at all the promises obama made to them in the last election in 2008 and see of their lives are any better.

there's an old saying. fool me once, shame on you. fool me twice, shame on me. host: now that speaker gingrich brought up the space program and a possible moon mission, do you see that extending into the presidential debate past florida today? guest: that's a really good question. we've seen the floor debate sort of enflamed by what gingrich said and the reaction by the other candidates. romney, santorum, and paul essentially said we cannot afford it and it is fantasy, almost to the point that it is irresponsible. gingrich got slapped back pretty hard by his rivals. i do think that in the fall we will see the space policy debate resumed. i think it will be essentially on the argument of -- how long are we going to rely on the russians to deliver our astronauts and our car go to our space station? right now, if we want to get astronauts and cargo to our

space station that we built for $100 billion, there's going to be a political source of debate over our reliance on the russians, i think, to get there. i think that will resume once the republican field is settled and once candidates the once, the republican and democrats are sorting out their battleground. host: you say there is resentment? guest: yes, i think there's a lot of concern on capitol hill, especially among the republicans, that we are relying on the russians to the extent that we are. i think it is $50 million proceed to get an astronaut to the space station. host: that we have to pay the russian government. guest: we signed a long-term contract with them to fill in the gap between the end of the shuttle program and the earliest that we will probably seek commercial spacecraft delivering astronauts to the space station

will probably be 2015, 2016. i think there will be a political debate over why we are relying on the russians. the reality is, they're able to get there at this point and we are not. we made the choice collectively. we made the choice gradually to and the shuttle program. there was more and more concerned about safety. we made the collective e decision thend -- the collective decision to end the shuttle program. we made the decision to extend the life of the space station to 2020. now we're living with that decision. host: a comment on footer -- on twitter -- back to the phones. gillette is an independent from connecticut -- sheila is an

independent from connecticut. good morning. caller: i would like you to tell me how blasting off into space does not contribute to climate change. look at all the nasty weather we're having. hot, cold, hot, cold. this was not have been before the space program went into effect with president kennedy. instead of spending this money on space exploration, let's have a race with other countries as to who can come up with tears to cancer, diabetes, and all the other diseases -- with cures to cancer, diabetes, and all the other diseases. i say abolish the space program altogether. do not waste any more money. like to see how you feel about it. thank you. guest: i think that's a really good point. it's always a trade-off whether we spend money for the future and technology and so on and spend money on current diseases and to combat current diseases. i go back to the point i made earlier, which is,

unfortunately, fighting disease is not a national security imperative. it does not galvanize the broad, extended, political or financial support that the pentagon generates or that nasa generates. i think as long as nasa is viewed as a component of our national security and an ingredient in protecting the country, i think it will always get better support than perhaps disease treatment. host: one more call with stewart powell, "houston chronicle" washington correspondent, talking about the space programm. imike is afrom florida up. caller: regarding the helium 3. i read that one load witwould pr our nation for a year. did you do not hear much about

that. my other comment is regarding the lack of oversight regarding the environmental issues. i read an article after the space shuttle was shut down that there is such toxic pollution on cape canaveral that it will take more than 100 years to clean up. i'm wondering why there has not been more oversight, clean up as you go, than just dumping stuff out. i read a lot about lack of oversight. if you could comment on that regarding the epa and clean up. host: stewart powell. guest: nasa devotes some of its budget to cleaning up and dealing with regulatory compliance. that's a small part of what the. agency. i do not detect a lot of concern on capitol hill in congress over cleanup and environmental impacts from the space program. i think there are some people were focused on it.

i do not get a sense that it's a widespread issue. host: we were talking about the end of the shuttle program. what happened to the shuttle's? where are they now? guest: that's a great question. it is striking to me that after toera -- after this era of the cold war space race, there has been real armthey felt one shoue johnson space center. the ultimate decision was to put one in the kennedy space center, one at the smithsonian here in washington, and they are sending the test shuttle, the enterprise, which had been -- it was one that was flown on the back of a 747 to show it was aerodynamic and it was released and landed but it never had an engine in it, never power to go into space.

that was awarded to new york city, the intrepid museum on the hudson river. a museum built around the aircraft carrier that picked up some of the mercury astronauts back in the 1960's. houston took great umbrage because they thought their connection to nacke so was -- but new york got one, democratic state, california got one, democratic state, florida, swing ststst >> more about the future of space exploration in a few moments. what the head of asset, the space agency's budget for next year. a little later tonight on c-span2, book tv and primetime. take a look at books haven't -- highlighting african-american lives. starting at 8:00 a.m. eastern harvard professor on his book on the history of african-americans from 1513 through president obama's election.

then at 840 m, connie rice with power concedes nothing, one woman's quest for social justice in america. and at 9:45 a.m., john carlos, a track and field bronze medalist who gave a black power salute at the 1968 olympics in mexico city. his book, the john carlos story, is co-written with david aaron. the obama administration is seeking a slight cut in matt -- nasa's spending next year. the illustrations budget request would eliminate a partnership that the european space agency to send to robotic probes to mars and increases funding for the james webb space telescope, the successor to the aging hubble telescope's. here is a nasa administrator, charles bolden, outlining the budget. >> i am privileged today to be here to share nasa's fiscal year 2013 budget. it is a great news story.

it is this $17 billion blueprint for nasa and the nation to embark on an ambitious plan a session that will take us farther into the solar system and we have ever gone. despite our constraint fiscal environment, this budget continues to aggressively implement the space exploration program agreed to by the president and a bipartisan majority in congress, laying the foundation for remarkable discoveries your honor as well as in the face. while reaching for new heights in space we are creating new jobs right here on earth, helping to support an economy that is built to last. we are developing new capacities of exploration, new ways of doing business and creating a bright future, driven by aviation and space technology breakthroughs and missions to places we have never been, including an asteroid in mars. the time for debate about our future is over. we have a solid plan, is

sustainable plan in removing implementation, opening the next great chapter of american exploration. there is no doubt that tough decisions that to be made here at nasa as well as across the government. however, this is a staple but see bistable budget that allows us to the have the first portfolio of human exploration, a technology development, science, aeronautics, and is casework. this budget continues the work we started last year with a bipartisan support of the congress and approval of the president. we have made steady and tangible progress on the next generation deep space crew castle and our new heavy-lift rocket that will launch astronauts on journeys to destinations farther in our solar system. those priorities are funded in this budget. already we have been doing test firings of the jade 2x engine that will power the heavy-lift upper stage. a rain has undergone water drop

tests for its eventual open to the ocean landings. funded is included in this budget to inky -- to keep the important work going. we have continued to maintain an american presence in space on board the international space station. our orbiting laboratory, where we learn more about human health and demonstrate technologies calicos who'd be bold this is in the future. this budget funds are work on stations while supporting jobs right here at home. as a former astronaut and head of the world's most successful space agency i am committed to launching astronauts from american soil on spacecraft built by american companies. this year we will have the first avalons and berthing of a spacecraft by a private company. that is a critical historic milestone. just last week we issued an announcement for proposals for the next round of commercial crude acquisition activity.

this budget provides the funding needed to bring in that work back home to the u.s. and get american companies transporting our astronauts into space. some of these are the same american companies on whom we are depending to fill the biggest rocket this nation has ever produced to go deeper into space to destinations like an asteroid, back to the moon, and on to mars. these are like the american companies on whom we are depending to build the state-of- the art croup castle that will carry u.s. astronauts further than anyone has ever gone before. we just concluded our latest call for astronauts, which drew a near-record number of applicants. the 2013 class will join the class of 2009 that just graduated last november and is even now training for missions of the future. these are the first space travelers that could one day reach an asteroid, and they will

play near the path for future astronauts to step foot on mars. space technology is generating the ideas and the actual innovations that will take us further, ideas such as solar electric propulsion and light weight per project -- cryogenic propelling tanks. these getting is a ideas are all supported in this budget the builds on the work we have already been doing. last year we provided a peace based technology research fellowships to graduate students to complete their studies and join us in to mars missions continuation of that important initiative is funded in this budget. with this budget we continue to refine and demonstrate technologies that will increase tarnishes capabilities. this budget provides for more of the type of projects like that three technology demonstration mission proposals we selected this year to transform space laser communications, deep space

navigation using atomic clocks, and in proposing capabilities, including solar sails. we do many things in space, as i said in the video. spinning u.s. taxpayer dollars is now one of them. every dollar spent on space exploration is spent right here on earth. this budget in sources jobs, create stability's year at home, and strengthens our workforce. the rapid pace of scientific discoveries from nasa missions continues. this year we will land curiosity, the largest river ever, on mars, and continue conducting developed critical tests on the space telescope leading to its planned launch in 2018. as the successor to the hubble space telescope, the web telescope will, again, revolutionized our understanding of the universe. this budget supports more than

80 science missions, 56 currently in operation in 28 now under development, that cover the vital data that we need to understand our own planet, endeavour's mission is reaching farther into our solar system, and the next generation of observatories. beyond the reaches of our neighborhood to other galaxies and they're solar systems and undiscovered phenomenon. however, tough choices had to be made. this means we will not be moving forward with the plan the 2016 and 2018 at mars missions we had been exploring with the european space agency. instead we will develop an integrated strategy to ensure that the next steps for mars exploration will support science as well as human exploration goals and potentially take advantage of the 2018-2020 exploration and up. the budget provides support for this new approach, and this process will be informed by

extensive coordination with a science community and our international partners. this administration remains committed to a vibrant and coordinated strategy of mars exploration and continuing america's role in the exploration of the red planet with an available budget. our goals of include natalie robotic missions to mars, but also future human missions as outlined by the president. i have task ahead of a science mission directorate, the head of human exploration, our chief technologist, and our chief scientist with crafting an integrated marcs strategy, one that will ensure that the next steps for their robotic -- robotic mars exploration program will support science as well as long-term human exploration goals.

the mission is currently at mars , the mars science laboratory on its way and maven, well into development to will provide many years of dated to help us understand the replan it and our needs in future years to meet the president's challenge to send humans to mars in the mid 20's 30's. and aeronautics, our investments are driving technology breakthroughs for cleaner, safer, and more efficient aircraft. the millions of fliers around the world will benefit from our work and our partnership with greater aviation communities to transform our air travel system. one of my greatest pleasures is to talk to your people and into their questions about what it is like to do this based and held a could pursue a career in science, engineering, and math. in this budget we focus on education programs with a maturity of measurable return.

this will help us feed that pipeline we so urgently need of new scientists and engineers to help share their energies, their passions, and great intelligence with us. i am very optimistic about our future, and our next generation of explanation to the exploration leaders. the mission is to begin now, the technologies we create now and the discoveries we make are all going to inspire them and help them -- help us sustain an american economy built to last. this budget is about american innovation, american ingenuity. it is about keeping the u.s. the world leader in space exploration and showcasing our neck for solving problems and improving life here on earth. we are ready to work, ready to be surprised to not only by what we discover, but by how much we can accomplish when we work together as one nation, proud and energized by a space program

that is reaching higher and unfold in the future today. now, let me turn the podium over to my chief financial officer, dr. beth robinson, for the details of the fiscal year 2013 proposal before we take your questions. >> thank you, charlie. the presentation i will be talking to should be above the website now. ..

we need to plan them on that scale, so we need some planning who work to and i'm sure you've already heard from the president's budget the out years are notional. hours are as well but we do develop a plan and our top line here is a small leaf flat with no increase of an inflation. this should remind you of last year it is a duplicate of last year, and so the counts in general are held out little but you will see trade within

account for the rise and fall of the missions and other needs. also in this budget you are going to see a change in the emphasis of what kind of expenditures we are doing, and in particular we are working to reduce the administrative expenditure travel by the i.t. management in order to increase expenditures within the same top line increase them on the programmatic expenditures. and 2012, we have a goal but this year we have a goal to reduce the administrative costs by $100 million we are on our way to meeting that and for the 13th budget we are doubling that to 200 million. we are also having -- we are well into a multi-year effort to work with our workforce and realignment as our programmatic needs have changed in particular in the space shuttle has had its last flight last year and so

this budget you will see that part of the work force and we have a small reduction consistent with the budget limitation, and then also will look numbers are represented in full cost. last year we have labor broken out by project and this year we are not all project costs are together and included in the cost of a specific program or project. the educational costs are still on their account but we are working at the full cost. next slide. this is an impossible to pass through. i like to include it just to say yes, the numbers add up. check it out for yourself. i'm also going to talk to the various lines here in detail. next slide. part of what charlie and others have said is we do have a very vigorous profile even with the shuttle retiring last year nasa is going to be launching a lot of things from kennedy and elsewhere. about half of them are science

and work with our partners and the other half are eventually back-and-forth to the station. next slide. okay. the first account is heading for the two launches in 2013, the continuity mission and the global mission. the program also is vigorously working on many devotee of you probably know well and i have the replacement for one and two and we are maintaining our research and modeling capabilities while one of the great things is we have so many missions and operations streaming down the data as we speak and we have 16 and are working on that data every day. next slide. and planetary science charlie mentioned this as one of the few aspects of the budget that has changed much since 12 and one of the major messages is we are

continuing that bipartisan plan that we developed in the 2010 authorization act. and so here we see the reduction of about .3 billion from 2012. almost all of that indeed all of it can be attributed to the launch last year of the nsl. so they are down at that point. and we are planning to more launches in 13, and so again, the expenditures go down. so the question that we are facing is how much from do you for your yet and build up a new portfolio and we are taking advantage of this time to restructure our long-term mission. but the long term missions we are looking at it to better integrate our science exploration efforts.

we are also funding the development to go to ns street in 2016 and we have 16 missions and operations and some of you know we've been trying to tax the problem of developing energy sources for satellites as they go so far away from earth and our planetary program away from the sun and the source of energy and so we are working on a technology. the advance of generator and the production of the plutonium 348 in this budget to supply the energy needed for the future launches. next slide. for astrophysics you remember last year we broke out the telescope line from the astrophysics we did that again this year. this is the web part. we are funding of the development of the gravity mission. so you can see in the picture. we have a robust program and we have 11 astrophysics missions in

the operation. next slide. >> here is the james webb space telescope. i hope these numbers look very familiar to you. this is the plan we briefed last summer, and the numbers associated with it. this program is working hard and it's targeted the october 28 launch date and as you can see they are making progress as we speak. next slide. okay. heliophysics. one thing i should have mentioned on the astrophysics slight is the research council has asked us to increase our focus on exploring on smaller missions and we are doing that in this budget biggest from the astrophysics budget we are collecting and exploring the mission in 2013 and the heliophysics we are launching one in 2013 and selecting the next one also been 2013. we are continuing to launch towards the work in 2015 and we are continuing the formulation of the next commission and

undertaking the initial development of the collaboration and we are still operating at the 16 missions in space. next slide. on the portfolio i want to mention how much work we do with other agencies. billions of dollars worth of work and the largest partner by far is noah and we are working with them on the joint satellite system. the discover satellite all are proceeding apace. next slide. aeronautics has a slight decrease of about $18 million from 12 to 13. a little less than half of that we are transferring into the lending activities from this account to the space technology account. this account is supporting the

same initiatives that you have seen now for several years on improving aviation safety, minimizing the environmental impact of aviation and developing innovative air traffic management technology which they are coming to fruition. the energy savings and of the things we get from those as the rollout. and we are also continuing from last year the reduction in the hypersonic research. we are combining hypersonic with supersonic research to focus on the fundamental research behind each flight. next slide. >> space technology. this debut as a is a fully formed account we have that account created in the 2012 budget and in the 2012 appropriations and we are asking for 699 million. that is mainly to support the projects they had going in the

scholarship and other things that charlie was mentioning and these are in areas such as the proportion, robotics, the space communications. you can see they're the solar sail and the point of the programs to advance the revolutionary concept the industry isn't yet ready to take on an ad in the program also vigorously worked to commercialize technologies to ensure the value and the spinoff we have seen so many years from nasa research into our economy. next slide. moving on to the human exploration director. one of the largest things we do there is develop the heavy lift launch system and the m p tv. you will see to changes here. three changes in the presentation that were requested by the congress. so it's important to understand compared to the previous year budget. okay first is that the access to break out the ground system

component of the space launch system from that line so you will now see the three lines here instead of this you will see. you will see the transfer of the fun from this account to the construction account. so they will be over in the construction account even though they really are in the activity and that is because congress only allows us to do construction in one account and they wanted all the money over there so we've done that. so then the third thing is actually about the explosion system itself. we've broken that into pieces. the largest by far is associated with $400 million. but there is a piece that is focused on the multi use capability. that has been the director at in the account and i will be talking about it when we get there. next slide.

>> if you combine all these things and put them back together so you can compare the last year formulation, we're still developing the heavy lift vehicle at the 1.8 billion, and part of that is the modification in the operations at $400 million. we are also developing the paray and multi-purpose vehicle about a billion dollars and that's including construction, and that number should look familiar to you. last year we spent quite a lot of time and effort formulating a plan to go by the sls and looked at the independent cost factors and so this is the number that was in that plan. we are going back for both sls and pcb to read this does support the flight test in 2014 of zero ryan to reduce the vehicle programming of the schedule risk. next slide.

also on the human exploration directorate we have the commercial space flight program to talk about being so important to provide first cargo and the four hunters six that was appropriated this year will go to support the proposals that come in in response to the announcement for the proposals that went out last week. and we have every intent to select more than one provider for that. it's really important to keep the competition going in this program both to ensure we have the safety capability and the robust that we need to develop a strong commercial space flight to the body. next slide. >> there is a dedicated research

and development program in the human exploration directorate that focuses on technologies that are very close. it can be a rapid to use in other programs as well as things like human research that is so important to understanding and said we would is going on at this time and to go into deep space, so here we have the advanced exploration systems program. it's the technology works and the human research program with the biological science work. if you know we've reorganized the director of last year and we do have a dedicated picture of the science physical science program, a research program. that coordinates both the harp but i will talk about when we get the space exploration account. next slide. and here we are.

this is the space shuttle program has thousands and thousands of pieces of equipment that need to be transition and retired coming and we hope that this is the last year we will be asking for the funds to do this. this is a multi-year program and the biggest of those pieces of equipment are the orbiters themselves and the discovery is going to the smithsonian by april of this year. that will mean that the enterprise moves from there to the museum in new york. it is clean to arrive at the california science center ends of timber and will be transported to the visitor center next year. next slide. >> this is our main account to fund the international space station and it funds its routine operations and what time utilization research into devotee including the oversight of the process the was talked about in the video. there's also the slight increase in less account for nearly to fund the acquisition of the

cargo to the iss for after 2016. we need to contact at least three years order to do that. the last year's budget carried us through and this year's budget will add after that and since there is a likelihood that we will have some at that point that those involved the issue and the administration will become important in the early spring in that proposal. next slide. >> space flight support is the account that supports all the work that we do in the ground system kish's -- and space flight for the 21st century. we also provide all of the communications navigation's capabilities and we initiated to

get the next satellite that's fully funded here. and then there is a number of accounts ha for the preparation to ensure nasa launch the payload faugh. next one. we also talked about how important our education efforts are. education encourages throughout all of our missions and accounts but we also have a dedicated account for education activities. there is a decrease year from last year. we were appropriated this year at 138 but this program has been working very hard at the office of science and technology policy and it's developed working on the five-year strategic plan, and its bringing what maseth can do a uniquely as we saw very hands on and other things we can do uniquely to this program and

then we will be working collectively with that a part of education and others activities. we do support the minority university research and education project which is private colleges and the hispanics are the institution and we have a lot of leverage going on between the government and academia and industry in this account. next slide. finally, nasa and as great as it is in large part because the centers we have, we have nine centers around the country, and these are the accounts that the funding operations and the construction at those primarily at those facilities. so the cost agency support accounts is roughly fund about 2.8 billion. that is a decrease but if you remember i talked about at the beginning how we are trying to drive down the administrative cost focusing on the programs and that's where you are going to see the provision of that is in the latest numbers and we

will still insure the success that we've done in the past. we talked about the construction accounts and you can see the numbers here are larger than the usual run out which is in the 400. that's because we have transferred the amounts of the 144 from exploration being the largest in to this account in accordance with the congress wishes to have it funded in one account. next slide. any question? >> we will get started here the headquarters. then around the field centers with questions from social media. so we will go ahead and get started here. over at ap don't forget to give your name and affiliation. >> thank you. associated press. for charlie came, can you tell me how you reconcile the president's goal of going to mars and cooperating with the

europeans when you're cutting the motion mentions i guess what i am trying to understand is when you are ripping of sending humans to mars why are you cutting the robotic missions? how will that not affect human exploration of mars because when they tried to go someplace through the moon and ramp up, brought down the robotic missions can you explain how that works? petraeus mccuish embarked on a program to take us for the than we have ever been before, and the program on which we are embarked complies with the fundamental premise of the 2010 authorization act as decided by the congress and signed into law by the president, and what we are doing with our partners is not walking away at all but we are trying to get together with the message that we take the limited assets that we all now have come as we have been discussing this for almost a little bit more than two months

now. everyone is seeing decreased funding so we are trying to take the funds that are available and restructure reasonable robotic exploration strategy. >> a couple things i want to say though to make sure that everybody understands what we are doing, we are not talking about evaluating a new mission for a new mission concept, we are talking about a fundamental way we do business, developing a new strategy for the robotic exploration, and we have had conversations with our european partners, the russians come everybody as late as this morning. everyone understands where we are. everyone is terri glad about two things, one that our budget is 17 period seven because they believe what you were writing so they expected it was going to be much worse and they are very happy that we are still intent on culbert getting on the moors exploration, so i see that we are trying to gain efficiency and by virtue i think it is more

robust. you must remember as was pointed out, we have a rover opportunity on mars right now still sending as the that. we have the orbiters that continue to send data and are helping us in formulating things to go forward msl will land in august and that is a mission that has 55 years' worth of power, so for someone to say we are walking away from mars with of the largest role for ever and we are not even there yet, i don't think that makes much sense. and one of the things we don't understand about mars is the atmosphere but its upper atmosphere is going to be studied with the mission that is on track to launch in 2013, so i think we're moving right along the way that we thought. we found we could not afford the path we were on and so we are getting together with the science community and our partners in determining a better

strategy for attacking our robotic margins. >> what does that do for the sample? is that completely off the table? >> what are you really going to do? >> nothing is off the table, but i will tell you a problematic part of the mission as it was laid out is a was another, quote on quote and you hear us use the term flagship mission was another multimillion-dollar mission. we have the msl on its way, the flagship. we have the james web space telescope. flagships are essential for this nation. anybody in the scientific community will tell you anybody that wants to lead the world in scientific exploration discovery has to do the flag ships every once in awhile. we just couldn't do another flag ship right now. it wasn't in the cards given these difficult fiscal times.

so you are going to hear hopefully you can run this corner over here but hopefully you will hear them say things like we are looking at medium plus missions, not flagship missions that accomplish the objectives that were set out in the ex omar's programs that meet the purity that laid out for us in the surveys, the plan to read the cable coming and it remains to be seen whether we can do that or not. we are confident we can. the excitement of people sitting around the table in the last few weeks is something i find personally very rewarding. we are asking them to think about things they didn't think about and doing, giving information in ways they didn't do before. so, that is exciting. >> mark matthews with the sentinel. one of you list every single program that was expected by the cost overruns of james webb that

have the budgets reduced out right. >> could we do what, you want to say that again? >> list all of the programs that were completely cut or reduced as a result of the overrun of the james webb? we know about the mission's what else. >> i think you know as well as i do these are very difficult times. if you listen to any of the budget rollouts that came prior to this one everyone is reducing their budgets. that is the only thing that we can do. as we don't agree with the promise that you levied in the first place. we are having to make the trusted decisions because these are tough economic times. you look at our education program that had nothing to do at all with anything. we are really looking for smarter ways to do business. putting together an education design team that has told us new ways to get measurable data. that's what i talked about in my comment.

i want to be able to measure and give you metrics data that says we are being successful in the things we are doing and you are going to find we do things a little bit differently than you are accustomed. >> i and a stand that. but james webb there are the costs of the programs that are larger than what is expected. there has to be some other program that keeps that money in order to pay for it. it is simple math. islamic we are embarked on a program of exploration trying to meet the promise or the agreement the president made with the congress after their bipartisan vote on the authorization act and in the appropriations for this year and we are trying to do things that create jobs for america and create new technology and that is what we are doing. >> thank you. let's go to the front here. >> aviation week. i think you mentioned the word realignment of employment and

there are different kinds of employment for the contractors with the reduction in the mars program can you put some numbers on that realignment as it relates to the contractors and people that jpl? >> i would have to address that to people at jpl but first of ought in 2012 we are not expecting any employment impact the we will be seeking to the lines of the work of vv within jpl away from the 2016 portfolio and towards the new formulation effort that will take msl as you ran that all, there were going to be several hundred more jobs. maybe the maxim of the 300 to 400 that would have dreamed of and so the issue was always how

much more money are we going to do to bring to focus jpl on a project so you will still see those. in addition to the projects in the specific project the full one that we've been talking about, the 300 to 400 that are sort of the worst case, it's also going to be working with the space technology program on the landing has a very strong project there that's ramping up. also has been for intact even the mission in 2016 a very small mission and numerous other things pity as a, as, you know, always with science since we have a competitive environment we are never sure who is going to win, so we cannot see how wide is going to go, but jpl has done well in the past and we expect them to do well in the future. >> i'm a little bit curious should i tell from what you actually have in 12 or should i

account for what you projected for 12 of last year which is about a billion dollars difference in terms of how you are calculating where your jobs will be in 13 and beyond. >> you mean jpl alone? >> as you go down the billion dollars job impact there is a strong impact. we are sustaining the work force and we don't have -- we just finished 11th and the was based on the budget that was 18.4 billion. so we were hoping to go up. if you remember from the budget's past and so we are down i want to say one other thing. is that we are already planning to go down and one of the interesting things about nasa is that we were ramping off the

shuttle program, as we had planned all of those decreases. what has happened as the debate has been about how much again do we invest in other programs and so, almost all of the reductions , almost all of the reductions and contractor supports were familiar to you or the space shuttle reductions. >> let's go back here. >> if i heard you right you are planning on buying more from the russians to rise the astronauts out to be iss and it seems like a mission that is we take longer for the commercial providers here to take those astronauts. >> i'm hoping you didn't hear us say that because we didn't give you a date. what i said is we are asking for them to take the commercial crew funding lined up to 837 or so and we have changed the

acquisition strategy which allows us to bring in more competitors 14 to 20 months from whenever we award the winners of this basic agreement we would hope to be able to go into competition for the contracts that we can deliver at the schedule but we have come so no, we haven't said that we intend to go any longer. we would love to close the gap. if we get adequate funding that we are asking for we think that we can hold the schedule that you're on right now. estimate your now budgeting in this budget i thought you said from russia. >> what i should have said is we are budgeting and i think any agency like ours is planning to be prudent and hedge our best and so the instant issue comes

up if we have to buy the seeds to go past 2016 and so i was saying that we are looking for a proposal there so we can not get ourselves into a box about the exact date of the proposal or the authority at this point to be a ..

but other than that can you be more specific by what you -- about what you mean? >> let me be more specific about what i do not mean. we are not merging directors's. we are not merging science and human expiration. we are looking for synergies. well that may not deal in hypotheticals because that is what i have asked him to go off and do and as i mentioned i do not want to try to define a mission because that is something that the science community would find probably find offensive. if the administrator decided he had an idea on how we should now go into robotic mars exploration so i understand your frustration and not being able to give an example but i've sworn off on this and that is why i have asked jon and the group. they are coming up with a conceptual form of how we can strategize with their international partners, how we can go back to the science

community in the form of the nrc and that the cato survey group in how we can go to academia and industry and find out how do we synergize in order to give us science return for our dollar and also support the continuing path that we are are on to meet the president's challenge of being able to put humans -- in the mid-20s to 30 so it will be several months before that team is able to come in and say okay we have met with the europeans, we met with the science community. we are all in the same sheet of music so here's the strategy we want to do in here are some concepts of things we can do. it won't take years. trust me, because we have got to be able to lay out a plan if we are going to realize, if we are going to be able to capture the 2020 mission window which is optimal for mars missions so it will be months, not years.

>> thank you. >> hi. you mentioned science magazine. i saw in the budget numbers that there has already been quite a bit of money spent on the mars orbiter. i think something like 30 million. now since that is going to fly in 2016 because xl mars is canceled. what is the public going to get out of that money that was spent? so basically two questions, how much money has nassau already spent on xl mars and where we going to see that? >> i'm not going to try to tell you how much we have spent on 2016 because i don't know but we will get you an answer but again

i will tell you what we are trying to do is live within our means, live within the budget that we saw we had. we are trying to be up to carry out this ambitious program like putting our heads together with our european partners and others and come up with a strategy that will get us a well-defined mars, robotic mars exploration program that will put us on a path to meet the president's challenge and putting him within the martian environment. we will have to get an idea of how much money is spent on xl mars and the formulation of a 2018 mission because we have not gotten any further in the formulations. >> the equipment out their -- you are asking me a question i cannot answer for you and i am saying we will get you an answer. the best people to ask her the

folks at gbl. we are told by them that you know they are the people and that will continue to go on as happens in a lot of our cases. we are built to take the crown jewel from any program and use them on others. when you talk about synergies in looking at a strategy for going forward you would probably hope that you can utilize or take advantage of things that are done already. >> with congress in recess this week we are featuring booktv in prime-time here on c-span2.

>> welcome to las vegas, the consumer electronics show is held every year at the las vegas convention center. we interviewed the chairman of the board of mercedes-benz about some of the technology used in their cars. >> host: dieter zetsche is the chairman of daimler which is the parent company of mercedes-benz and he joins "the communicators" hear the consumer electronic show in las vegas. dr. zetsche what is the technology technology orange adducing? >> guest: they are showing here the latest connectivity and the cars. we have on the one hand future directions we will take with the

so-called -- and all the different aspects of connectivity, the social network, navigation, all kinds in this regard. on the other hand, we have stuff which is available right now. right behind me will come with -- which is already starting now offer our mercedes customers here in the united states the combination of many services between again navigation. there are all kinds of communication and information as well as excellent emergency support. they are all in one package and they are all in this car. >> dr. zetsche if someone had a new mercedes would they be able

to surf the internet, made the phonecall, turn on their lights at home etc. and that's a bit good thing? >> guest: absolutely. you can surf the internet. what is special for us is that we connect through a private internet connection. we want that as is in access for you and everybody in your car. you can prepare your route at home and downloaded to your car for a special trip you are planning. beyond your normal navigation capabilities but again you have the safety that when something goes wrong you have an accident, it immediately the emergency call goes out. >> host: here in the united states there has been some movement to prevent people from talking on their cell phones etc., while driving. how does that affect the technology that mercedes has developed? >> developed? >> it is of the utmost

importance. i guess mercedes is known for safety and the responsibility we are taking for our customers and we have to be concerned about -- that is why you have full unlimited access to the internet while when you are driving, you only get through our mercedes-based server through these connections which are responsibly acceptable while driving on the surface which is prepared by us and allows you to locus on one or two and not a whole multitude. >> host: dr. zetsche we talked earlier today with hans vesper the president of erikson out of sweden, and one of the things he was talking about is technology that would allow a car to communicate with the car behind it such as if you put on your brakes, it would tell the car behind it. is that in our future?

>> well that is more or less in our presence. we are just now having a major test field in germany with about 200 cars which are totally interconnected. and it's not just driving and talking with the car behind you but a specially talking with the car in front of you, which can warn you of eyes or whatever, unsafe conditions you will approach and prevent you from going without the expected preparations into the situation. this allows you a much better navigation system where traffic jams are not information divided by police or radio station. five minutes after you are stopped but directed by the flow of traffic which census information on line and you are always up-to-date on where to go. these are not things for five or

10 years to calm but for next year to come. >> host: your background is this an engineer. how involved you get in the formation of some of these technologies? >> guest: even though my education is as an electronic engineer i to know that my kids know much more about these things than i do. therefore, as far as far as the urbanization is concerned, these things are not top down germans or your company that they create an environment where we have many in our company, 270,000 employees that they can drive this process. >> host: do you have to develop different standards for different nations? >> guest: we have specifically as a u.s. base system and my command in europe to some extent

because some service providers are different. still some habits are different or perhaps in europe typically. directionally road cars which are similar as possible so to some extent there is nothing else but in three years ahead of the development versus other areas. >> host: dieter zetsche what about voice commands? i know mercedes for the last several years has had voice commands. >> guest: we are calling that electronic and we just -- introduced that in 96 so before facebook or google existed it was not part of that time. today it is much better and adjusting. it's able to understand southern american slang and these other possibilities for interacting with your car which are

intuitive. why in the past you had some words you had to use. we are more and more coming to the point where you can use your normal language with your vehicle and that is another main development trend we have to follow. >> host: if someone were to buy a mercedes today, with the changes in technology, what their technical features be out of date by next year? >> guest: that is where we have to change as well. we have to have the same protocols where we can communicate with these devices, and we want to provide services which are similar to our customers but other than that, we have to allow the development of a much faster speed of these consumer electronic devices to be accepted by our vehicles and just buy a new releases which go again to spurs a thick mercedes servers. you get updated to the next

level of technology and a frequent basis. >> host: does technology within the car itself, especially the communications technology we are talking about, does that drive car sales? >> guest: it is more and more one important feature customers are looking for. there are few customers who buy a vehicle exclusively because of safety or exclusively because of its looks. within this combination, this kind of technology becomes more and more important. >> host: dieter zetsche, what is the importance of being at the consumer electronic show is supposed to the auto show? >> guest: well i think just they're combination of the digital world with the automotive world is creating a tremendous amount of opportunities and you can only understand these opportunities and ultimately realized them as true features for your customers when you are just at the

cutting-edge of technology and that is what is provided here. that is why we have our research department in paolo alto for 16 years, to be at the very early cradle of these new ideas present and participating and that is why i do believe that we are able to lead the automotive world among our peers into new tremendous opportunities for our customers. >> host: do you work with partners such as google etc.? >> guest: we very much do so. for instance two years ago with our cooperation with apple, specific interaction with the iphone where we could access the code of the iphone. we have just these days a new strategic agreement with google where we have exclusive developments that are made up together so as we are deep involved in technology we don't

just rely on suppliers. we are an attractive partner to these tech companies, to understand the direction we will be going to. >> host: finally dr. zetsche looking 10 years down the road, give us an idea if you would have what we may see? >> guest: actually our vision of excellent driving will become reality within this timeframe. based on that, we can provide more access to the world wide web, because travel is not that critical anymore because the car can take care of itself basically. so in both directions, you will be on the one hand well protected in your car against any hazards and at the same time totally connected as you are more and more in your lifestyle in other places. >> host: what is the best part about your job? >> guest: that deals with cars and having a lot of fun driving.

they are extremely exciting and fascinating cars as part of my job. >> host: d. good to test drive them? >> guest: every year two or three including -- 40 times a year so i am deeply involved in the development of these vehicles. >> host: dieter zetsche is the chairman of daimler which is the parent company of mercedes-benz. we are at the consumer electronic show in las vegas. >> host: the senior vice president of technology for toyota, here is that interview. joining us on "the communicators" is jon bucci who is toyota's vice president for advanced technology. mr. bucci what are you doing at the consumer electronics show? >> guest: we are following the year one anniversary of launching an all new mobile technology called in tune and in tune is the ability to take off

or content, web days content and deliver to the customer cell phones. the customer then download an application, goes into the vehicle, carries the hardware are displayed unit and it opens up several applications or apps that the consumer can then interact with safely in the vehicle using voice, steering wheel control or remote touch and they opened various applications like thing for local search, pandora for internet radio i heart for internet radio, and open tables in the most important thing is we do it in a safe manner sitting in a moving vehicle. >> host: start there and tell us about the safety features because there is a movement now by the ntsb to her vent cell phones from being used in cars and here you are talking about essentially surfing the internet while driving. >> for us is a curated environment meaning we take a hand in designing the look and

feel, what they call the hmi, the human machine interface so it's not quite surfing the internet. we actually designed the content, the depth of the menu and how far you can go into these applications before you are actually locked out or cap time so we measure all of those things carefully so that we are very very cautious and very concerned and appreciate the aspect of safety. >> host: mr. bucci how available is in tune? is that in all of your cars as a standard or is it optional for all cars? >> guest: august of last year available in the prius, the camry and the tacoma and the forerunner and it will begin to proliferate your lineup at his brand-new. >> host: are you using a cloud a system? >> guest: we are. of the internet searches we do those applications i just mentioned are essentially in the cloud and we use natural language, voice recognition, to harness the ability to get the data to the vehicle to converse

normally. >> host: how long did it take to develop the voice technology? >> guest: we have been interacting with a company called voicebox to develop are in vehicle conversational language voice for about three years now and it is taking longer for them to get it to a maturity for -- where it's right for the vehicle. >> host: are you finding consumers expect technology and the cars like you are describing? >> guest: they absolutely do. they want to interact with their own content on their own personal device the way they do normally and it's a balancing act to train being able to conduct all of their business with your handheld device. customers are expecting this. soon it will be one of the top three purchase reasons for buying a new car. things like quality, comfort, performance and even -- will take a measure. >> host: mr. bucci when it comes to the phone system and toyota, do you incorporate bluetooth or do you use another

system? >> guest: at we use bluetooth. infect the whole purpose of an tune is linking the handset with the vehicle and using the bluetooth technology so that's an important standard for us. >> host: what is the priceline on and in tune product? >> guest: in tune come standard with vehicles enabled with the audio video equipment that comes with that particular matter soot standards with a particular model. it's in the price of the car. >> host: is working with some of these technology companies that you have worked with like you mention voicebox and bluetooth, is that much like working with a the tire manufacturer to get the right tires? >> guest: it's all about collaboration. there to other suppliers that we work with a company called you i.e. and tge. they are smaller tech firms, software experts who help

provide the software in tune and without that collaboration we wouldn't be where we are today so it's really important for a company like us to reach out and embrace the tech community. it's their core competency and our core competency is transportation. >> host: d. of different standards for different countries? >> i can speak for the u.s. and our standards are what our customers demand. we want to deliver what their demand is in work within the confines of driver distraction guidelines and the safety measures. there have been interests of some of our affiliates to perhaps it exporting tune so it is raise my interest level. >> host: when it comes to connectivity and cars, is the u.s. ahead, behind or about the same as europe or asia etc.? >> guest: my sense is we are ahead. i think we have catapulted ahead now and i think in europe it's a little bit different.

in europe they are more concerned about the emergency calls which should be legislated and i think we have a little bit more latitude in europe than in different countries, cultures and languages. some of the connectivity challenges we have here are exacerbated in europe. >> host: as bp of toyota is that the u.s. bp? you are based in los angeles where it often starts trends. the fact that this is all developing all this technology is now developing, did it help to be in southern california? >> guest: i think it did although the partners we have engaged with are from seattle, central california. our engineering arm is in ann arbor michigan and aarp parent companies in japan so it's a mash-up of talent. >> host: what is your background? >> guest: my background is in marketing and advertising and i took a fork in the road and had an opportunity to were,

toyota.com web site when it was in its infancy and that is how i got into technology so i'm not an engineer but i have learned enough that i know enough acronyms now. >> host: when did toyota.com get developed? >> guest: so it was about 1992 is when we launched. >> host: how many people visited the site in 1992? do you know? >> guest: it was very infantile metrics at the time but we went from 10,000 lets say to 2 million within a couple of years. >> host: jon bucci looking ahead what kind of of product advancements will we see in car technology in the next five or 10 years? >> guest: i can talk about the connecting vehicle which is our sweet spot and what that is all about is our new raft e.b. coming out in their prius plug-in. we have all new means of connecting with those vehicles to provide means of controlling them like starting a charger

stopping a charge when you are you're not in the vehicle. we are also launching the new lexus reform application suite which is just like in tune but with facebook and yelp and down the road we have some more surprises coming. i think it's really all about how this is integrated in the vehicle and how the customer can interact and access that sweet spot. >> host: can a driver post on facebook while driving? >> guest: know, in our application it's a facebook check-in meaning if you have a ride somewhere you can hit a soft key on the apt system and post to your wall or text your friends where you are. it's almost a safety thing in a way. i know that my young daughter, i like her to use that. >> host: jon bucci what about the issue of privacy and tracking of cars? is that something that you have incorporated into your technology? >> guest: well, we don't track the vehicles. we have a service provider in

our safety connect products that can locate a stolen vehicle and recover it but the only way that can be executed is if a police report is filed a cousin of the reasons of privacy so we respect customers privacy and we are very very cautious about her data security. infect we have a third-party firm right now looking at our entire market sector to identify any things that may be of concern soap customer privacy and data security is paramount for us. >> host: the competing kate -- the can communicators is that the las vegas lech tronic show and we have been talking with a jon bucci vice president for advanced technology for toyota. joining us in las vegas at the consumer electronics show is someone who has been on "the communicators" in our washington d.c. studio. what have you seen at the show that has caught your eye? >> guest: the biggest thing is the 3-d television. right now in fact we are staging

a -- for the benefit of the crowd being broadcast on espn and every television showing some version of the tv that with or without graphics giving a 3-d image and it's clear this is not the sort of 3-d you went to when you are a teenager in the movie theater. this is very advanced and very vivid. >> host: is it faddish? >> guest: that is a fair question. i think it may be a little bit because 3-d comes up every five to 10 years. people want to bring it back but the technology is very advanced to compare to what we have seen in the past. >> host: will it be advanced enough that people do not have to wear glasses and can see it anywhere in the living room? >> guest: showing a tv where you have 3-d without the glasses, most vendors -- right now it's still something where you will need the glasses. >> host: what is the cost point for this in 2012? >> guest: i can't say that you will see it come down to where

plasma and lte tvs were five years ago. so not cheap but definitely less than before. >> host: what else is caught your attention? >> guest: there's a lot of stuff here about smaller sized tablets and they really want to get on that ipad, get competition going for apple and there is room for a lower price point. >> host: you told me earlier that you attended a session with julius genachowski. what did you hear from him? >> guest: chairman genachowski unsurprisingly is primarily concerned with spectrum which is a huge concern here. he really emphasized the timing to get this done but he wants to have the spectrum be part of any package which is not included in the bill at the house committee past. he emphasized unlike the spectrum it's crucial to give people who don't pay for spectrum the opportunity to develop new technologies like

roger opener said wifi. basically they say in order to get the spectrum we have to reclaim it from the broadcasters and auction it and that can cost billions of dollars so we shouldn't give it away from free once we paid all this taxpayer money for it. with that being said, the fcc opened up some more when they built the tv transition. there's a lot of hope for that it will lead to breakthroughs by wifi that can cover whole cities. >> host: but again why are the republicans in the chairman in supportive more spectrum comes that crack? >> guest: the chairman wants more spectrum and republicans feel that giving away the spectrum which is actually unlicensed use, would be counterproductive given the state of the national deficit when it could be sold for fairly significant amounts of money to wireless companies. >> host: what percentage of the spectrum is currently unlicensed? >> guest: i can't give you that percentage but it's a ma