spro release served its intended purpose. .. >> we think that the idea of making transportation liquid fuel, using biological sources has great promise. and department of energy over

the years has been supporting this, and we think that these technologies do you have, you know, from grasses, from researching cultural ways, all these things have the potential again of having altered supply of transportation fuels that would go further to our loyal less dependency on oil and especially less dependency on foreign oil because these things can be made into united states. >> so we like the idea of biorefineries, a product that is designed by targeted growth. a company in seattle was the first biofuel of partial fuel jet flew across the atlantic ocean last summer, first ever in human history. so we are looking washington state university and others, to work for a biorefinery out in the northwest. what could you advise us to try to make sure the department of energy looks at the state of washington as far as what

opportunity there? >> we will certainly look at that particular project, but we look at all the projects. i think it does have a great potential to reduce or dependence on oil. we will need liquid transportation fuel in the coming decades, in this century. >> i think you'll find out in washington state probably about as an advanced consortium from the genetic designer to the grower to the aeronautics company ready to accept delivery. you will find a very welcome network that is pretty prepared for this adventure, and i hope you will take a good look at washington state. one more question about washington state. we have some very good success out of the invert site. we are fleeing some land now to be ready for development. your agency is moving forward to allow 1600 acres to be allowed for commercial development. we are excited about that because we need to transition from clinic to new cities.

we are told to be a year and half before we get that done. we hope that you can do what you can to expedite that transfer because with some companies looking at the things in the old hanford site. i hope you can look at the. >> i will. >> last, i want to thank you. i haven't agreed with everything you're doing there. we have an disagree on the yucca issue. i won't bring that up today but i just want to thank you. i've got a one month old granddaughter, and i want to thank you for your efforts, giving her a shot to enjoy the world when she is my age of 61 that looks something like the one we've got here today. one of my friends across the aisle talked about something ruining the world, and to do some work to make sure it's not ruined by the time she is 60. the work you're doing on solar energy is spectacular. you look at the altar company, the world's most durable store so made in marysville,

washington, silicon energy company, doing advanced nanotechnology for lithium ion battery storage energy doing altar capacitors. these are spectacular things you're doing, and because of your success, which i believe we're going to have, my granddaughter is going to have a shot of having a world that looks like the one we've got. and i know you're going to be catching a lot of arrows in your back for those who are naysayers and believe that a negative voice is an american what i believe a positive voice is an american one and going to grow this economy and give my granddaughter a shot and a foot else a world that looks like arthur i want to thank you, and keep it up. >> the gentleman's time has expired. recognize the gentleman from kansas, mr. pompeo for five minutes. >> thank you, mr. chairman. thank you secretary chu for being here today. i want the world to look great for my son as well. entity that i think what to do things that work is ongoing to acts about projects that your body is insane to spend money and to ask whether there were

conducted in the presence budget i send your handiwork says the goal is that 1 million electric gives on the road by 2015, is that correct? >> that's correct. >> how are we doing? >> pardon? >> how are we doing? are we on track to make that goal? >> well, we're going to wait -- in terms of what's happening both technically, i think things are developing, and i remain hopeful spin are we going to make it? how many do we have today? no, electric vehicles on the road today? >> i don't know the exact number. i will get back to your. >> less than a million by multiple orders of magnitude, is that right? >> it certainly is significant less than a million spin for the administration support higher gas prices to achieve this goal of 19 electric vehicles on the road by 2015? >> the administration wants lower gas prices. >> your actions belie those words, in my judgment, but i

appreciate that you state that as your objected to the president said he would buy a chevy volt reduce said he would buy 15 years from now when he's not the president anymore. i'm not sure about the time i got but the next event. last week he announced that chevy announced that chevy volt be suspended because of demand, tempered off of workers. how many taxpayer dollars have gone in support of the chevy volt? >> you know, i don't know. i know that the chevy volt is a great car. i think, you know, there's a huge investment by gm and leaders from gm to invest in this. and right now i'm still very hopeful that the chevy volt will be adopted. >> i appreciate if you get back, let this committee know how much money has been expanded so far on the chevy volt. do you drive one? >> no. i don't own a car at the moment. >> fair enough.

fisker automotive received over $500 million in d.o.e. loans in 2010. you cut off the funding last may because it has not made its sales target. i was one of the stated reasons for the top of the loans as i understand krugman. are we looking at another solyndra? >> well, it's much more complicated than, we have milestones in our loan program, as we just first find any of our people we give loans to, we work with the companies and do that, and so we are hoping that fisker can work through the things that are temporary blips and continuum. >> i hope so, too. how much exposure does the united states taxpayer have to fisker today? >> i can get back to you on the exact number. >> i appreciate that. just so, you know, it was

sometime before i was your combo we heard the same reassurances about solyndra up and three times the deal he was still making loans and advancing money against those credits. we heard that you are monitoring, watching, taking good care that that money be repaid to the treasury, and that's not going to happen. i hope that you are right about fisker and the tax but doesn't end up with another $509 short. thank you, mr. secretary, i appreciate your time today. >> we appreciate your time. unfortunately, we have four votes on the floor, and we do have about four members that want to come back to finish asking questions. i was wondering, would you be able to be back here at 15 to one for a little while, or not? >> i just heard from my staff that we've agreed to do it. i was worried about another important speech i understand. we appreciate it. and as you know we have some of the finest restaurants here in the rayburn building, so if you

want to get something to eat. we will be back just as quickly as we possibly can, and we do thank you for your time. and there may or may not be for coming back, but thank you very much. >> thank you, mr. chairman. [inaudible conversations] >> secretary chu, those of us at the end of the list of appreciate it very much. as you know, the united states is blessed with huge coal reserves, and i note with some interest that as technologies become available that coal, the gas, coal equivocation i think is becoming more affordable in

the world marketplace. in fact, south africa gets just about a third of its gasoline from coal to oil processes. and, in fact, the president when he was a senator on two different occasions introduced legislation to do just that. so i guess my question is, what do you see the department of energy doing to help get coal to liquid to play a vital and additional role in the spot of gasoline in the united states? >> well, first, we agree the united states is blessed with a great fossil fuel resources. and we are looking at the potential for both coal to liquid, and gas to liquid. the issue, and we want to support research that would enable -- the issue is high capital cost. the plans are very, very complex, and when i talk to the oil companies, you know, shell, exxon mobil, they uniformly say

that the very high capital costs is a problem. now, having said that we also of course want to do this in a way that not only does it in an -- even without capturing the carbon, it's less marginal, and we would actually like to capture the carbon, but ultimately we also need to capture the carbon. >> absolutely. and in that regard these bills that the president put in 2006 was a loan guarantee program. i'm just one if any of the loan guarantees that you'll did as part of the stimulus help defray any of the capital costs are any company that might be looking to take call and turn into gas? >> i think the ones i know, there is a few still going forward. there's gasification and the use

of the carbon dioxide, begin, i think southern has a project that is going forward on that. >> all right. and, of course, that brings me to solyndra. you know, you all have indicated that what was happening in the chinese market, both your administration and you have indicated what is happening in the chinese market was not anticipated in 2009 when the loan guarantee was done. one of the questions i've always had, secretary chu, is that was known based on the way i heard your testimony over the course of the last year, that was actually known though by late 2010, and certainly by february of 2011. so that calls into question if you know what was happening in the chinese market and the crisis was so low that solyndra couldn't manufacture its products to the price the chinese were selling their products for, why the subordination? >> you are absolutely right by, sorted by 2011, late 2010 we did know that solyndra was in deep

trouble. that there was by then the price -- >> but you also knew that the chinese market had basically made them, you may not agree, but it made their products cheaper than solyndra could produce their product. they could sell, chinese could sell their product for less than solyndra could produce their product for, isn't that correct? >> it is correct that we knew that solyndra was in deep, deep trouble and is a chance of bankruptcy. and when it came time to decide how to do this, it was a judgment call on whether, the fact the loans -- >> i know you have said that before, and i respect you. but that being said, isn't it a fact that in late 2010, certainly by february of 2011 when the subordination was signed off on, when you look at the price of what the chinese were able to sell their product at and the price at which some and was able to produce their

product at, the chinese could sell cheaper than solyndra could produce, isn't that a fact? >> that's correct. >> thank you. i appreciate that very much. and i would also ask you in that same vein, different i'll may be of the church, chairman of 10 centuries into a letter on the loan program for prologic, i hope i'm saying that right. and the lender was to be the supply for the first phase of that project but solyndra went bankrupt. why did d.o.e. feel no one, no with a new, why did they do accountable including solyndra in the first phase supplier at a time when he knew they were about to forgo are neither in just danger of falling, even with the first subordination but i know you're hoping that the the the second second august the subordination from outside money coming in. so why did you go forward and say this ought to be your supplier? >> well, first we were

uncomfortable with solyndra being the supply quite. and prologic had a very small, the initial one was solyndra, but i was saying, i believe the prolog business model was a very good one. i supported that long but i was nervous that prolog should line up a plan b. >> all right. i think you and i go back. thank you, mr. chairman. >> the gentleman's time has expired check at the same recognize mr. olson from texas for five minutes. >> i think that you. dr. chu, i would like to thank you for your testimony today, especially for waiting for us to come back after votes but it's appreciated. i'd like to ask you a few questions related to the electric grid, because as you are surely aware, the potential for conflict between grid reliability and environmental rules is greater now than ever. and in the interest of time i would appreciate it if you would simply answer yes or no to the

following questions. question number one, are you unaware that under section 202 of the federal power act, d.o.e. can issue emergency orders to require a generator to run? >> yes, i am aware of the. >> that's what i thought, thank you. question number two, are you aware that generates complaints within an emergency order could result in a violation of environmental law and subject generators to lawsuits? >> i am aware that. >> thank you. question number three, do you believe it is fair to make generators choose between complying with an emergency order or comply with environmental laws regulation? >> in most instances we believe that it doesn't have to be an either or, and so as i said before, the department of energy's job is to make sure that, to help the private sector to ensure that we have a reliable source of electricity

for our businesses and for our citizens. >> i will count that as a leaning not fair. but question number four, not to put words in your mouth. are you aware the situation has arisen twice in recent years were a generator was forced to pay environmental fines and settled a lawsuit because they complied with emergency order from your department? are you aware of that, yes or no? >> i'm not sure candidly, but it may have occurred. >> it has occurred with the company. one in san francisco, california. i can get details to my final question for you is, would you be supportive, -- [inaudible] spent i am very supportive that we don't want to order that a generator continue to be online to produce emergency backup power and face federal funds and we are very eager to work

through those issues. >> that is fantastic because i look forward to support when i introduce legislation in the upcoming weeks. that you can for your patience for coming back. i yield back the bows of my time. >> mrs. talese, you're recognized for five minutes. >> thank you, mr. chairman. i appreciate you having to him. secretary chu, thank you for coming with us and for staying through the vote is but i appreciate the. i want to get into him again, i guess the different definition of an all-of-the-above energy strategy because i think while we have been talking about and actually passing legislation in the house to implement all-of-the-above energy strategy so that we can not only create millions of american jobs would also lower price of gas at the pump and eliminate our dependence on middle east oil. the president has startup and all the above energy strategy but if you look at the actual things that he is done, his policies have actually heard energy production in this country but and i want to start by asking you, the president is out there posting the energy

production, oil production has never been higher, as if he supports that. yet when you look at the facts from what we've seen, numbers we've seen show that actual production on federal lands, which the president has control over their department of interior, is down 11%. in the gulf of mexico it is down 17%. have you seen any numbers similar to that to indicate just what is happening in areas where the federal government has a jurisdiction? >> i have seen numbers that i gleaned from, that were gleaned from -- >> are the numbers that you've seen the holiday and what i have seen, that there's an actual decline in production in federal and? >> if you start the clock when president obama became president, my numbers, the numbers i've seen show an increase. >> we've seen just from 2010 to 2011 and 11% reduction, oil production on federal land you

in the gulf of mexico exclusively we have seen a 17% reduction in oil production. where the increases come is from private land. north dakota in the shale plays. which by the way the president is try to shut down through the epa. it's a little bit disingenuous to the present to go up and see his for all the above and production has there been higher, and then on federal lands he has used his influence to reduce production. and on private land we does that influence he is trying to the epa to shut down the fracking process which would mean to be a reduction their to making us more deep and and. so i will go back to the comments that you may in the past and present have made in support of higher gas prices. back in 2008 right after the president was elected, you said, and let me make be sure, somehow we have to figure out how to boost the price of gasoline to the levels in europe. did you say that? >> i'm not sure. as i said before --

>> it's been -- that's not the first time you've heard this because many people have asked you about it. i've heard you confirm you have said it. >> i said something very similar to the. i'm not sure -- >> so the levels, the price in europe are what no? >> i'm not sure when the date was, that everything i have done when i became secretary of energy and was named secretary of energy was health to bring down the price. >> if you look at president obama's quote, he said he would prefer a gradual adjustment to near $4 a gallon gasoline. president obama said the. and, unfortunately, the president has put policy in place to have gotten us to $4 a gallon almost in gasoline prices. we've seen this. $1.83 when he started, it's over $3.70 now. so the president got his wish and people are furious but it's killing jobs. now that people are furious the president is time to blame somebody else. let's look at the record. if you look at what's happening in the gulf of mexico, we've

lost about a dozen deepwater rigs, billion dollar plus assets that have left the gulf of mexico because they can't get permits because the president on policy. they have a let to go to other place in america. they left the country. they go to places like egypt. imagine it's better to do business in egypt than of america because of the present policy. we saw what the president did on the keystone xl pipeline, say no to the. the president has included a policy that's actually reduce american energy production and supply. of course, the president has been to saudi arabia. he has bowed down to the print and has begged for more oil. i missed and you been to saudi arabia as well and had similar meetings, is that accurate? >> i have been to saudi arabia. >> asking them to produce more oil? >> well, we certainly, saudi arabia is one of the few countries -- >> have you asked them to produce more oil, yes or no? i'm almost out of time. >> allow me to continue.

>> i don't have the time. a yes or no question. did you ask them to increase production? >> we would like saudi arabia -- >> an almost out of time, i apologize but rather than going to saudi arabia, i have mapped out come it's only about a five minute walk from your office to the white house. i would suggest instead going to saudi arabia asking them to increase production, go to 1600 pennsylvania avenue and ask the president to reverse his policy that have reduced production in america and made gas prices higher, both with the permitorium in the gulf with still no consistent policy to get permits and this can production. we've lost one dozen rigs. they have left america. we lost thousands of just because of that. keystone pipeline we lost 1 million person candidate that we now have to get to middle eastern countries who don't like as. the epa attack on fracking which is killing innovation. we talk to country -- the company recently who left -- >> regular order.

>> i would ask that you go and pursue the administration policies that are killing production and causing high gas prices instead of going to saudi arabia. >> the gentleman's time has expired. >> you back. >> mr. secretary, the want to try to respond to my feel free to do so. >> very, very quickly. we are talking about immediate production. and saudi arabia is one of the few countries that has the immediate spare production. and to develop an oil field in the gulf takes years. typically five years, to find, develop it. so for immediate spare production, we think that would have a way of moderating price in the world oil markets. >> well, that concludes today's hearing, and once again i want to thank you and your staff for your patience. and i do want to ask unanimous consent to enter into the record recent survey made in nevada regarding the public's views on yucca mountain. without objection it will be

entered into the record. we'll keep the record opened for 10 days for any additional materials that may be submitted. and once again, mr. secretary, thank you and we look for to working with you as we move forward. >> thank you, mr. chairman. >> this hearing is adjourned. >> [inaudible conversations]

>> [inaudible conversations

>> fire j. edgar hoover? i don't think the president could have gotten away with it. >> to surprise one report and author details the fbi's 100 year hidden history, and j. edgar hoover's fight against terrorism, spies and subversives. >> hoover stands alone. he's like the washington monument. he stands alone like a statute in haste and grime. as one of the most powerful man who ever served in washington in the 20th century, 11

presidents, 48 years, from woodrow wilson to richard nixon. there's no one like him. and a great deal of what we know, what we think we know about j. edgar hoover is myth and legend. >> tim weiner on enemies, a history of the fbi. sunday night at 8 p.m. on q&a. >> mayors of three city serving more than 2 million students discussed their education reform initiative. new york mayor michael bloomberg, los angeles mayor antonio villaraigosa and chicago mayor rahm emanuel our jafa education secretary arne duncan. this hour-long event was moderated by andrea mitchell. >> good morning. i'm neal, president of american university. secretary duncan, mayors, andrea mitchell, welcome to america university. and it is very important discussion, education now,

cities in the forefront of educational reform. i'd like to think you picked the right university to host this very important event. american university has for decades to our school of education teaching and help provided teachers for these great cities, provided professional development education for the teachers of washington, d.c. in all eight of our warts. the cities represent the education of 2.5 million students. some of them facing some of the greatest personal challenges one can imagine, but they also represent some of our best and our brightest. i wish this morning a fruitful and engaging and a stimulating panel, and once again welcome all of our distinguished guests to this very special event. [applause]

>> thank you very much. thank you very much, president kerwin. i am andrea mitchell from msnbc. and it's great to be here at american university. ride across the street from our studio. so we feel very much at home. welcome to all of you. education now, the theme of today's conference, cities at the forefront of reform. two days forum brings together the leaders of our nation's three biggest cities, and the president kerwin said were talking about two and half million of our school children. our largest urban districts obviously, a mix of both the best and brightest, and the most severe problems that we face. we have los angeles mayor antonio villaraigosa, new york mayor michael bloomberg, and chicago mayor rahm emanuel, no stranger to chicago. and arne duncan but it just a few months we will be joined

either superintendents from all of these schools, the school districts to talk about how they are also getting with the bureaucratic and hierarchical problems that some of them have inherited as well. education as we know is at the forefront of all of the problems that we face as a nation. every social and political problem really comes together at the crossroads of our school systems. it's the core of the twin crises of unemployment and our lagging behind in global competitiveness. so today's conversation is going to address how each of our mayors, these three, big three mayors, are addressing these challenges of reforms. and what their successes are and what they're continuing challenges are. i hesitate to say failures but this is a work in progress so we will address all of that. we are looking forward to a thoughtful conversation to engage you in questions and answers as well as bring in the superintendents very shortly. first to you, mayor

villaraigosa. you, unlike mayor bloomberg and mayor emanuel, you have inherited a system where you do not have political control. how do you work around that challenge? >> first of all let me just say that i couldn't be prouder to be here with both mayor bloomberg and mayor emanuel, both new york and chicago are doing what we need to do to improve our schools. ap rocket just doesn't work for kids. luck, i like to say that this is the economic issue of our time, civil rights issue of our time, the democracy issue of our time. when you look at the issue of education, and particularly in our urban schools. you're right, i don't have my oral control over l.a. unified school district but i did go to the legislature early on with the support of mayor bloomberg to ask for a partnership with our school district. i was given that partnership, the school district sued.

i lost at trial and on appeal. but we had planned be. and plan b was to elect a progressive school board that would support the accountability and the innovation that we need to compete and to improve our schools. so in the last six years, although i don't run our school, l.a. unified school district schools have increased, doubled the number of schools at 800. that's the mark for the academic index in california. they have reduced the number of schools that are performing poorly, 650 and below from 33% to 10%. we doubled the number of charters in our school district that we have 130 schools in a thing called public school choice which are schools that are failing that are in a program to improve. and operate 22 schools, 18,000

kids, a turnaround model that frankly we modeled after au that is now in chicago. so while i don't have a full may oral control, i do believe that's what we should have. and importantly, that every mayor needs to be involved in our schools. because it is the economic issue of our time. >> just briefly, secretary duncan, is there anything that the federal government, the department of education can do to backstop antonio villaraigosa, given the pluto structure that he inherited? >> i think for all these news conference of unwanted thank gosh it is by the toughest issue. what you have here is people forget the urgency, but nothing is more important to their putting the political capital on the line. whatever we can do in l.a., india, chicago, we want to be good partners. we want to listen. fantastic mayor leadership, fantastic superintendent. whatever we can do to help, the

next round of race round of race to the top will be a digital competition, and my job is to listen in whatever i can do, whatever my team can do, these are our customers. >> speaking of customers, mayor bloomberg, you have done a lot of controversial things that you taken on all these issues. one of them is closing largest go screen 500 smaller schools. what is the fans. what are the disadvantages question that a lot of pushback but also a lot of success in creating a smaller environments. >> andreu, what's different today than 25, 50 years ago? the difference is today we're starting to see real world impact of what we've all talked about. we've always had education is the key difference is paid in the great american dream. now for the first time you see in the marketplace. the unemployment rate among college graduates is 4%, a lot higher, but overall for pacific unemployment rate among kids who dropped out of high school is so high you can't really measure because some of them are so

dropped out we can't even find them. so we are seeing that. also for the first time see competition for jobs from around the world. so we have to measure ourselves not versus some subjective standard but versus the object of stand up can it be done elsewhere is there an cheaper and so what happens is all of a sudden everybody says let's have accountability. accountability is what we need to give parents the knowledge they need to know where to send their kids, and we have to change our school system so we have different alternatives for them. one of the ways we're different alternatives, take big schools can break them up into small schools. it lets the principle be much more focus, fewer teachers to supervise but it lets us have a theme in each of the schools to attract the kids and make a more interesting for them, even though we really teach the same thing and most of the schools. and it lets us better measure the performance of everybody, the students, the schools and teachers, and give information to the parents. because in the end we need accountability of the management

system. that's the principals and the department of education, the mayor in our case, but we really need accountability data for the parents have to make those decisions. you can see the yelling and the screening when you give the data to the parents, and the arrogance of the bureaucracies that say parents shouldn't have data to know what to do with their kids is just astounding, but we are fighting to the and we're going to have, and everybody talks about accountability and evaluation systems across this country, i don't think they stop to understand, it's not the evaluation system that is so important that it's getting the data to those that need to make decisions. the first group is the parent. >> first of all, i don't out how antonia can be held a candle and yet not have control. it's a jeopardy, the space of a catch-22. he's accountable for improving fiscal city is no ability to action influence. he has to push do.

neither one of us, for all the things we have with the authority or the accountability comes with a, i would not trade places that i would not replace with for a person who is accountable with no ability to influence. it's from the sidelines, very bad. and most important as mike just said, economic stewardship you're supposed and predict on in your area get your the biggest piece of your economic engine is your economics and you know influence. number two, this year, for use in our system, principles working a report card on their school's performance. never shared with parents. we have now made the very report card that principles got a table and onto parents but online for parents. ever since we've done that, we have had an increasing enrollment by principles in training programs and improvement so immediately back a degree in information making it of able to parents. we had principles in role and drink and other types of things to improve their own skills

because now we have lifted the curtain. is a culture of account put in the system, and actually is trying to see it impact behavior by the people that in my view outside of parents and teachers the most important group we can work with are the principals who are accountable for what happens in that building. and giving the parents the information to hold the principals and the teachers accountable for the results the need for the kids is a sin to come is the first educating the change ripple through the system. >> let me follow up with all of you -- >> let me say something about what secretary donovan said. the purpose for me being here and for helping to organize this event is come and you said something in your introduction, the three school districts that are represented here are bigger than most states. in fact, if you took our collective student the i think there are bigger than 44 states. and yet we can't compete the race to the topic so the idea that you just said that district

will not be allowed to compete for race to the top in states like mine where they haven't really wanted to have a competitive did is really heartening. because there is a will in a city of los angeles, and chicago and new york to tie reform to more money, to do the kind of things, to get the kind of flexibility that we need to innovate and set the highest standards. >> that is good news. this has to be come before you wanted next speed is secretaries duncan has made a point step we will now on our own be able to put our performance, our reform, our changes with an idea towards a set of results, a small thing to do, the whole concept of race to the top. so giving our chance, at least are three cities, a chance to finally -- know, but to get the resources. here's are changes compared the reforms, it are candidly, here's the results we want and not be tied to what goes on at the state level is going to be a senator can change but and it's a change long two and welcomed

by all of us. >> let me just -- >> he deserves and applause, go ahead. [applause] >> otherwise on the car ride home he might have a second thought. >> is about to some of the mayor bloomberg said, almost in passing. you pointed out the other point rate for college graduates is 4%. compared to what we have elsewhere. we know how profoundly high the unemployment rate is for young high school graduates, particularly minority, particularly males. so let's talk about whether or not this is snobbish to talk about higher education -- >> that was a key issue 20 years ago. 20 years ago across the country close what i grew up calling vocational schools. and abbasid what do you mean

mike it's not going to go to harvard, johnson & johnson princeton? >> harvard, yell or princeton isn't for everybody and that's not the way to make the most money. it was a great tongue in cheek peace in "the wall street journal" nine months ago that i would urge all to read it, and parent going to harvard university with joined the corrections department of the state of california. and it turns out the state of california's corrections department is much more selective than harvard, and you never come you almost never catch up because instead of spending 50 grand for the first four years each year, you make money and benefits and vacation and everything else. [laughter] the issue is really -- we need people at all different levels, committed college, vocational schools, college graduates come and when a college graduates, yes, that's a very desirable thing. but being a plumber your pricing power. being a plumber is something that society needs but being a plumber is something that's a profession that people will pay for and you can would be in

charge of your own destiny and start your own company. so let's not forget those. we started in the opening a lot more what i would call vocational schools. we call them what? career technical -- only in education speak are we not call invocations. >> let's just make the point that in the speech that many of us have been citing, that the president did give, he was talking about, all of that, community college. apprenticeships, one year postgraduate education i know secretary duncan wants to jump in. perhaps you can first, and then try to come you have a program in chicago which works with the business committee. i was out there. i saw it just as you are taking office or i want to catch up with you on how it evolves. secretary duncan? >> we have to be very real fear. the vast majority of children, these three school districts are poor. the vast majority come from minority, blacks relative to these communities continue have high dropout rates. these communities are destined

to remain poor. their families, the centauri committee to the only time -- it is dropout rates dentzer and discuss are making real progress. none of them what they want to be but they are moving in the right direction. there are no good jobs are high school dropouts, there are spaces in it if you have a high school diploma. for universe come to your committee cost, trade, vocational, technical trend. that has to be aspiration for every single young person. we have to challenge the status quo it's a bit of a high school diploma. it's not. there's nothing out there in a globally competitive economy to help you. >> when i talk to ceos about their hiring challenges, the chairman of siemens america was working on a big gas turbine plant in north carolina, and he said he was going to the military and the military bases for which north caroline is famous, because they are so well-trained. our veterans have had so much computer education, technical

education, that there front and not getting any other public schools. but that they need in one year, two-year, four year schools. mayor emanuel, what are you funny when you talk to employers about what the gap is between the kids who graduate from public high schools and the people they need to employ? >> first of all basic fact, records of all jobs in the future require a post-high school education. three quarters, whether it's for your postgraduate or a minimum of a two-year that a state committed college provides. in our city we have announced, and secured a degree program. so malcolm x will now only do health care. at, president hospital, northwestern, walgreens are all coming in, all on the i.t. during the during the training, that school will train you for the health care field which will have 84,000 jobs over the next decade in chicago alone. we are a transportation just a vision logistics center in chicago. if it goes on rail, road or

runway, we do it. we have no school but does that. we will not be the trade transportation distribution center. ups, fedex, united canadian national, burlington are doing the clicking of the training so we will produce the workforce that will have a degree in that specific field. give you an example. we just met in the transportation area, each year to schools with the conventions in culinary. we will do i.t. will do professional services and advanced manufacturing to every two years, every year we will do another to schools and to all six are done. in the transportation, they are ecstatic given the charge of truck drivers who also require computer knowledge and technical skills. it's not just driving the way it was before. in logistics and also working in the west and all the information that comes to working with computer. we are getting those workers and those kids are coming out of

high school going to community college a career, a chance of employment. right now the commute because can you get a degree tragically on your resume, it doesn't have economic value that a four-year institution is. i've got to get those kids are making the sacrifice a shot at a career. number two, i'm sorry, i would just give it a couple it sold off a second. [laughter] this is a good one for you. last year august i was reading "the wall street journal" about a high school that mike was setting up with ibm, ninth grade the 14. and these kids get tutoring, mentoring and also a shot at a job that they go all the way. so i called simple that ibm and i want to give him a shot at. i succumbed to chicago and we'll set of the schools and i will recruit other companies to do it. we just announced five high schools in chicago. microsoft, verizon, motorola solutions, have all stepped up with ibm, all taking a high

school, nine to 14, in special areas trained the kids and s.t.e.m. education. it's a great idea and we're going to give these kids no longer just high school but all the way and they see a typo because they're first in line for job. those are all the changes from community colleges to our high school to get kids a shot at a career, a shot at a job. spent by the way, let me just say that i stand with the president in what he said. i think most educators in america stand with the president. the fact is you have to be a career ready or a college ready in this society. when you said and you're right, that a plumber is a good job. i can't tell you the number of kids that come up to me and say they want to go into a british ship program as an electrician or plumber or a carpenter, and guess what? and haven't taken algebra if they haven't taken geometry, they can't getting. the fact is our kids, you know,

75% of parents, if you ask them if they think college is important, they say yes. and we want our kids at l.a. unified school district to be career ready for college ready. we want them to graduate from high school because as you said, in l.a. today, our unemployment rate is at 12.7%. i met with a group of economist this week who told me that one of the reasons why its contents remain that high is that we have so many people, such a high percentage of our workforce that are not even high school graduates. so they are going to be unemployed for a longer period of time, just as simple as that spirit and kids feel that effect and it becomes the continuing cycle. mayor bloomberg, we have thrown a lot of money at our schools, and one of the things that michelle wie said this morning on msnbc were we've had this continuing focus on education nation and we are now in our third year of this, as they of you know, you of all participated, she said that we have doubled what we spent in the last decade on public school

education, and that testing shows that the outcomes have not appreciably improve. >> in new york city we spend of what the national average is. >> what do we have to show for it? >> we have made some improvements. you've got to step back. what is happening in our world today, and it's not just an american? repetitive jobs are getting automated out of existence, and jobs we don't have to be by your supplier or your customer move to the lowest price part of the world. and so we've got to find ways to not only get people to stay in school and get degrees, but to make those degrees and the skills they learn more relevant, not to what the jobs you to be but to what the jobs are going to be down the road. that is an enormous challenge. and the conventional ways that government works is we throw money at all problems. if you think about what legislators do is they vote money. they don't run anything, so when they want to go home to their

constituents and say i did something, all, i got a computer for the kid in the class. it's not clear that a computer in the classroom for the kid is a good idea. there's a lot of evidence that says that's not really making a difference. but uses a lot of money. leading the end, education is about a teacher looking at a kid face-to-face. and so if you care about education, you have to care about the quality of the teacher. class size matters. i once said that it doesn't matter as much as the quality of future. it doesn't matter as much as the quality of the teacher. it's important. it would be nice if small class sizes but in the end, spend your money on teachers. and get those who can't do the job out of the system, no matter what the economic impact of that is. we worry about what it would cost us to remove the teacher on the classroom is not doing the job, but not stopping paying them. that's not a problem. it's having a teacher in front of the kid is that kids spend

another day of his or her life without learning. >> let me ask you about the loan forgiveness program because his to read in not valuing teachers is great schools begin with great teachers. then had to make teaching and more valued profession the weight is invented, the way it is in singapore, in shanghai, in the places that are out visiting us on all of the international testing? you have a program i believe that helps recruit -- >> we have to, what kind integration with the teachers union to pay a 20,000 hours per strategic its rank in the very top of their profession to use and a row, to say thank you and to keep them from being hired away, or going into another profession. remember, most teachers went into teaching in the world when it did have alternatives. today women have more alternatives and it's much more a woman's profession than a male, as it was but you'll still see women for the first time having alternatives and so we've

got to retain them. that's a bonus for the best ones. forgiveness of loans is to let them take a profession where they don't have to make money to pay back their loans. let them go into the profession where the compensation is with recognition and respect, and the pleasure of knowing you're making a difference, but you thought to pay back the loan so we're trying to help them with it. but in the end, we don't have a problem recruiting teachers. the real reason people want to come and teach in new york from around the country is that we have a school system that is really changing and making a difference. and no matter what some people in the bureaucracy want to say if you're not making a difference, we are. are we any place where we want to be? know, but we're making a difference and we've had to make sure that we keep the best teachers and remove the worst ones from the classroom and that's the battle going forward. in the end, in government, removing those that don't do the job is antithetical to the way government works. it is virtually never done in

any part of government that i know, and in education, it is really the difference between these kids having a future or not. >> we will be introducing the superintendent momentarily to try to i wanted to give you a chance to wrap up. >> i agree with what mike said about the in point of a teacher, i would add you need a principle that is ready to be held accountable, a teacher that is motivated to teach in the classroom, and and involved there. i don't care where you are. you get those briefings and the kid will succeed. what we are going to do, we set up and raised a fund for principle merit pay. so as your school and proves on benchmarks from the principle that per session where both principals, teacher, the seal on a merit pay system, top to bottom. we're also going come because i saw what mike announced today, we've been playing with this, from now on, we get a principle, top of the class, reaching

academic standards, we're going to pay him $25,000 signing bonus to come in and be a principle in taking over a school. so next year we need 50 new principals of high quality. we will do a bonus system are a signing bonus for the best people coming out of our school system you're ready to be principals and ready to take over the system and be accountable. and that to me is using the bonus system as a merit pay system for our principals and and i fully support what's going on. >> we have the same thing. we pay bonuses to principals to go into tough neighborhoods and take over the schools and to really make a difference. but what people don't understand is in government management is a bad word. every time there's a budget crisis there's always a demand, cut that managed, you're too many managers and you're overpaying your managers. when times get tough and you have to do more with less, you need better managers. you need better paid managers. i know it doesn't sound good to

people who are being to manage, no, i do want to lose my job, and everybody does worry about their own jobs and where you stand depends on where you said, but nevertheless you need better management. and the management in education is called principals. a great principle like a great story manager for office manager makes all the difference in the world. they get people to do amazing -- >> let me just, for a second, i also -- >> go ahead. >> in mike turtur rascals, i also pay a bonus. i agree with them on that point. that in california we've actually gone from number one the top five in per pupil spending is going up to 47 in per pupil spending. that's not the direction we want to go to either. so i do believe that money matters. i don't buy the idea that it doesn't. but i think you have to tie money to results. that's what we're trying to do. we want to invest money in

things that work, in innovation and schools that are improving, in teacher development, in teacher training and paying teachers more when they are succeeding. that to me is the third way. and it's the way that we are trying to advocate for in california. >> will not engage the superintendent's who have been involved. we will rearrange our chairs just look at and bring up our three school superintendents. so let me introduce -- [applause] >> when we all get set we'll introduce introduce first of all closest to me is a los angeles superintendent, john deasy. next to mike bloomberg is mute city chesser dennis. and, of course, next to rahm

emanuel, from chicago. thanthank you all so much for joining us. first superintendent, you're facing a lot of challenges right now. and so one of the big issues we want to know is how you're doing with this latest challenge. trying to get the teachers union to abolish the for your time limit on disciplinary files after everything that you've been experiencing. we all know there has been charges filed and a whole community terribly involved. so bring us the latest on the. >> ashore. the thing about los angeles and why i think is so amazingly important. l.a. is a miracle. what happened in austin matters enormously for this country. the transformation reform we're putting in place that are anchored on these three big bets of human capital who we hire, who we are, who we promote, keep in place, retain and compensate. public school choice. high quality choice, every single pair. and a third piece is how you

system. those were brought to bear in how we dealt with a situation. it is the problematic that there are laws in california that make it ridiculously impossible to separate chronically low performers or poor performers. and actually cause a profit in retaining a higher performer. so we think about the way you respond to situations in four ways. the four sides of the box have been traditionally negotiations. you try to negotiate ways to make things work. but that's also has to include regulation. so you work with school boards and state courts. it also includes legislation. you change laws if they don't work. and then quite frankly if those things do not work, then you seek redress in the courts and you deal with litigation. we will use all four to make sure that the rights of youth and the rights of adults are equally protected and the voice of youth is heard. >> let's talk about what's

happening in new york city. one of the big issues there has been publicizing the performance records come the mayor alluded to it. there's been a lot of pushback. bill gates even took issue with this in a "new york times" editorial, saying that microsoft has a rigorous personnel system, but he said quote we would never have thought about using employee evaluations to embarrass people. tell us against justification for making these performance ratings public. ..

and one of the little things that we've done when we talk about accountability with our high school director, we put it for the first time and i guess two years ago high school graduation rate of those high schools so that way parents, when they are trying to find a high school to choose from they know how well or unfortunately how well a school has done or has not done, and part of that is accountability and the teacher dale reports, again, it's another level of accountability making sure parents have information and the understand what that information actually means, is whether it is a school grade, teacher data report, graduation rate, we want to make sure the entire school community has information available to them to help them make decisions. >> incidentally, gates does give information to people that need it, namely the managers of the people being evaluated. in our case, it is the principles and the parents who

need the information, as we are not doing anything differently than what microsoft does. >> good point. >> the last word. [laughter] as someone out of the business world who understands how these things work. you have been facing a lot of challenges in your short tenure over this very tough, complex school system and lead you to the pulpit of a major church just last weekend and explained just how passionately you feel about the reforms that you are trying to bring to chicago. you're facing opposition from some of the teachers' unions, some rainbow push collisions. tell us what you told the conference of that church, and why it's so important. >> we spent quite a bit of time talking about the work that we have to accomplish in chicago we need people going back to the

data and talk about exactly what has been happening in the city. we have an increased achievement gap between black and white students. a five-year graduation rate about 57%. we've got the average student graduating 17 where 21 is the college readiness. sifry simply call to action and so, look, we have work to do. there's more targeted school reform when you have these kind of things happening in cities. simply i went back a number of times and said look, we have work to do. let stand together. they will argue about what, perhaps how we actually get there, but we have work to do. it can't be the place to do nothing. it's pretty well received by other people. >> can i add one thing? >> our first battle as it relates to changing our schools is chicago public schools, our kids have one of this shortest

school days in the country. so you have a comparison. a new york, a child spends about 8,000 more minutes a year in the classroom than a chicago child. about. an l.a. child come every year about 3,000 -- about 3,000 more minutes in a classroom and a chicago child. now, we are all competing our children and our cities, shanghai, paris, london, loan chicago or l.a.. now it's a cumulative. so if i just give you a year status, 8,000 more minutes, new york kids than chicago -- now, great city, his kids are not more valuable than the kids in chicago. 3,000 more than l.a.. so our battle was giving the land of each day and you're equal to the aspirations. and the was the most important thing we could do. [applause] >> so one of the things that was

brought into the conversation that comes across this issue of accountability and being public order and accountability. whether it is an individual tests court or it is a school's performance, these are systems all three of his publishing. i think the reason for that at the most important level is what you're talking about i fundamentally believe that information is the underground currency of privilege and has been for a long time coming and that when every parent regardless of economic means understands what is happening in schools and has the ability to make choices based on that, then you have equalized the playing field aren't the rights of all students and parents. you cannot just hope to know you must provide information and that into your process of being public around results and a growth over time on those results is a rights issue perhaps. >> and, you know, the school report card that l.a. unified now employs was started in my partnership school. we took it to scale.

it's now through the school district and now i'm arguing we should put a letter grade by that report card. just like kids get a letter grade to see how they are doing our schools need to get a letter grade cows will. >> let me ask you, secretary duncan, it was suggested by the governor of connecticut this morning on "morning show" that we should worry as much about child the education if not more that between ages three and five, we are losing kids. so that by the time they even entered public schools they can't compete, they keep falling behind. and that that come in some quarters, is as important as a high school graduation rate. i don't know how you will, you know -- >> everyone in the state should absolutely agree with that and i feel we talk about this career agenda and the last round of the $500 million to states do two things come to increase access, particularly in disadvantaged communities and insure its high-quality. all of us are facing huge achievement caps and if you're

serious about those achieved in caps, we have children entering kindergarten reading fluently and other children entering kindergarten who don't know the front from the back of a bookend haven't been right to. we have to look at the continuum. early childhood is the best investment we can make. we have to keep driving k-12 reform and the link to college and careers is important. >> prekindergarten really is not a privilege between middle class and upper-middle-class? >> nope, i think -- all these cities have hundreds of thousands of children, not enough, but we have to get poor children and black or brown children into high-quality programs where there are diversity skulls and these skills are intact once they enter kindergarten. >> to pick up on that, with common core and how we implement a common chord in the programs as well, taking it from pre-k through high school, and that's extremely important, and picking up on the superintendent from los angeles, what we are doing on the choice options is

tremendous. we've been able to create 500 new small schools of which 139 our charter schools, and the ability for parents to choose high-quality options is one of the great equalizers out there because they know how well a school is doing or they know how well the school is not doing. and it's our responsibility to get that information out on a constant basis. >> we have closed the gap between latino kids and white kids. it's absolutely much too great but we are doing in the right direction. but by giving parents a choice, parents really can influence whether or not the schools get better. one of our problems in new york city is that for some parents, private schools have become the backup schools, and the private schools are very clever. they give you an option of accepting and putting down a nonrefundable deposit or you don't get the place. will you haven't found out whether your kid is going to get right in the public school yet so what is a parent do when i

get calls is my child likely to get into the public school choice? we even had people outside of new york city for the first time starting on about where they lived so they could send their kids into new york city to go to the public schools. used to go in the other direction. >> let me bring in a couple of questions passed up by the audience. one is that the more that you concentrate power, in the mayor's offices, the farther you get away from parents on the ground is the perspective from the customer but are you going to involve parents more and bringing them to the table? >> i disagree with that. [laughter] what we've done in new york city -- in 2003 we invested roughly $80 million in creating a position called pennant core data. and every school has a parent coordinator, and that is something that was done specifically to make sure that parents have a direct vehicle as an individual to talk to. and we've made a major investment in that. we have a lot of information in

the hands of parents. we have new technologies available for parents as well. we have a computer on-line service for parents. so our goal was to make sure parents get information and get a variety of different levels. >> i think the opposite happened in the systems with more control in new york and chicago. would you have the single look at devotee, you know who to call and where to go to get the answer. and in chicago we actually now have the office of the cabinet level is our third level of reform. it is providing information to them not for the cage will fulfil but actually publishing scorecards of the prepaid program and making the choice to what's good and what's not good so i signed the opposite. >> just one quick thing. you look at what we are doing we are all driving information to parents. if we didn't have that accountability, there would be

no evidence to give parents the information to take accountability into the system or bring their own voice -- >> parents are professional educators. they want you to call your professional educators for the classrooms, but parents have to decide whether the results are good or not and move their children or demand better results so that -- but nobody suggests, i don't think, that you should have the parents come and sit up front of the class and teach the kids. that's why we educate teachers. that's their skill set and that's what they should have that job. >> every one of my schools we of apparent center. i started out by saying we need to put parents and teachers in front of a movement to hold our schools more accountable and improve them. every one of our schools we have a parent center. everyone from schools we have an administrator whose job is to recruit parents, to involve parents. we have to start the parent union and los angeles and the parent triggered which allows

parents in the failing schools to vote to have a choice whether they want to continue operating under those conditions or have a charter school or some other. so the fact is all of us have been committed to the idea that we have to put parents and students, teachers in the equation. >> i think the reason i disagree with the statement is i don't believe that power has been centralized. i actually think the responsibility has been centralized. the power lies in the responsibility of the teacher and the principal and the relationship with the parent or guardian and strong centralized responsibility divests that the schools as has happened in actually every one of these cities in ways that has given parents more information to be more powerful and have given teachers and principals more information to be more effective. >> another question from the audience is the superintendent to work with in the inner-city district, what are you doing to ensure the safety of your schools, in terms of school violence and bullying and especially the tragedy that we

saw happening in ohio this week. i think funerals are going to be held this weekend. i interviewed one of the students, and it was just breathtakingly painful to think of what that young man experienced and peacekeeping the gunfire. now we associate that in our minds with urban centers, and this was anything but bullying and school violence can happen anywhere. >> a new york city in the beginning of the administration we created what was called in pact schools, and we did a very detailed analysis of the data as far as the number of incidents, the types of crimes in our schools and created a special set of schools where we infused the schools with both police and school safety officers and also worked with the principles as far as what they should be doing from a hallway passes to the areas that may not have the proper coverage in helping them understand how to cover those areas better. and we've been able to reduce the number of incidents in the new york city schools and crime

by roughly 43 to 47% in the schools since the beginning of the administration. sweet gun-free clear that the schools should not be run by that one individual who may want to create some type of problem or crime in the school. should be for all the students. so we should be clear about the rules and policies of both the principal and the school safety officers and reducing the number of incidents and making safety factor. the other thing we've done in new york city's been clear in our training with the principles are around the sustention and making sure the have the appropriate policies in place and where appropriate, suspending a student with is a principal suspension or superintended suspension and making sure people understand that as well. so we are very focused on the importance of safety, not just for our students but for the entire school community. >> we find a lot of synergy between what you see in new york and chicago. one is that we actually have a system where we have the principals and high schools with police commanders. we actually look at the the the boat in our schools, and the connections for people, what

happened over the weekend to what happens in the cafeteria in the outside, vice versa. so that kind of dialogue on the safe passage looking at the corridors between the clubs is one we actually look at safe havens where kids go after school because mom is not yet at home given the short school day. but in addition to it being four principal is that the safety security is not just a security peace it is also a government peace. we often forget about that. positive behavior systems are critical. use development is critical, getting ahead of issues, identifying bullying and a child walking through the door and uzi something on their face, you know something is going on so who is there to pull that child and to make sure it doesn't translate to an incident down the road so that is critical as well. [applause] >> it is beyond obvious safety matters, and one incident of

violence, but a bit of context is worth putting into this conversation. and that is in los angeles, and i would suspect it is probably true in our other cities to the incidence of violence in schools are very, very small. the incidents of violence that you could experience outside of schools, and the fact that this is not about school safety has to be of the community safety issue and that is why the relationship with community foundations and the relationship with the passengers and the relationship with our police departments are critical. students unfortunately live in a violent community where they come to school which is a far safer place, and the notion of how to handle and make sure that you are not engaged in that outside of school is as much important. >> we are all talking about different types of investment. there's no greater investment and after-school programs. [applause] no greater investment. but all of us somewhere grumet

experience on our own what our parents did for us whether it's an athletic and academic or artistic. whatever the parent and that child once, making sure the 20 hours of 330 to 6 o'clock or 5:30 there's an after-school program for children, mainly essentially high schools but all children. it is essential to their safety and their own personal development. and, once everything else goes on during the day after school. >> secretary duncan, i know we are short on time now and we are getting close to closing comments from everyone. i wanted to ask you first about the budget crunch you are about to face because you have got some very exciting programs that you have to go to those people last michael blumberg was talking about to get the money actually. the other piece is with all our programs comer race to the top and the rest, have we put such a premium on testing that we have the unintended consequence of a rash of cheating scandals?

>> why don't we take the second one first. we think there's been an over emphasis on testing, and under no child left behind a big impetus behind the weavers working with states is to broaden out those so the creativity coming from the 11 states of granted waivers to moving way beyond test scores, looking increasing graduation rates, it's a lot more important looking at reducing dropout rates, making sure more students are going to college, making sure they are going to college not taking remedial class is, making sure they are preserving. we are trying to move it much more comprehensive list equate so we should those concerns. test scores tell you a piece of something that it's a small piece and we emphasize multiple measures, and when finally congress gets the act together and of the size is no child left behind the leadership of the states will shine through. on the budget side i think this is so important. budgets reflect our values. they are not numbers. we are either going to invest in education or not to the custody of every level, early childhood, k-12, higher ed. we are trying to walk the walk in tough economic times. the president asked for a

$1.7 billion increase on our budget and president of early childhood, pell grants and early childhood access that we can't do it by ourselves. states have to step up. districts have to step up, cities have to step up. we are challenging colleges to keep on their cost. we are going to educate our with jittery economy or struggle and we are at a fork in the road right now. >> if i could ask you to think of, j.c. perhaps starting with you, the single biggest challenge that you face and your greatest hope in terms of being able to surmount that. >> aye chollet to paraphrase a line of principles from a few months ago. the railroad is no water underground, it is public, it is tangible. everything is a high performing school. that is a solution for what ails us. a challenge i think is what goes back to the power making sure that parents are making traces providing them with the data to

push the system to do better. as a parent with three children, two and one on the way -- >> congratulations. >> thank you. estimate of family medical leave now in chicago. [laughter] >> that school is the solution. so what i have in terms of knowledge base selecting schools and classrooms every parent should have. that is a fundamental solution. >> mayor emanuel? >> for our school system -- the way i look at the school system was set up for the adults without any of the kids in mind. he would never, ever start a system with a shorter school day and school year. the kids would never allow that and it did come out if it didn't just happen a was negotiated. that's the sad part. making sure that i want at the end of the day principal that is truly accountable to what

happens to what comes out of the building because to me to get your hand around. i want a teacher that's motivated and excited about being there and parent who doesn't think the system is too powerful for them that they can be involved in their own school and their own child education because of the information today has been keeping them a distance when the child walks through their education is the front door of that house, and if they don't know the importance of an education, every other piece that i'm responsible for and j.c. is responsible for doing has the weakest link and will drive down and i have to make sure parents know getting the kids to school is not your responsibility on education alone. making sure they understand the value of that education is essential to everything else we do in the schools and passing the classroom door. and those are the pieces if we get those three things with a level of accountability and level of the focus on results everything else will flow from there and all of the reforms we

are doing hour to focus on those principles. >> chancellor walcott? >> how we make sure our students are the people of the front of the discussion? l.a. times when this discussion takes place, the battle takes place it's always about the adults and how we define education on how it benefits our students. what is in the best interest of our students. how to put a quality, effective teacher in front of that clause from, how we in power our principles, which we've done in new york city to be the key people in charge of their building. deciding on their budgets to benefit our students, how to make sure those students have both the training, the support and the ability to carry out their job for the benefit of our students. and how to make sure that we wage the battle that we wage on a constant basis for the benefit of our students, which includes removing ineffective teachers who are not doing their jobs. removing an effective principals who are not doing their job and in the final piece for me is how

we engage our parents to make sure parents both have the information, know what the information actually means, and find a variety of vehicles with parental involvement since parents sometimes can't be at the school on a regular basis so they are able to carry out their role as parents in reinforcing what takes place in schools. it's all about the students. >> neyer bloomberg? >> we have a saying that in god we trust everyone else has to bring data and i know of no way for a teacher to know what they are getting through to the child and whether the child understands and is making progress without testing those children come and the business of teaching for the test is exactly what we should do as long as the test reflects what we want them to learn to read if the test is can you read, yes, you should find out whether they read by testing them. and the tests that we do or in the children's interest and in the teachers interest. and we all want to walk away

from responsibility because sometimes the tests don't show that we are doing a good job. i don't want tests, sometimes the show we are not devoting enough money to the system or we are devoting too much money to the system. i know of nobody in this room that doesn't get tested. you go to american university and get tested. it's called ratings. we get tested at the polls and the press every single day, and this argument that we shouldn't find out whether we are doing a good job is just ridiculous. there was a pete seeger, nobody in this resort enough to remember -- but there was a vietnam -- [laughter] he had a psalm knee deep in the muddy and without testing that is what you do. we are taking away the birthright of our children. we are turning out every time we say we will test next year or two years from now or three years from now you are taking kids and sending them out into

the real world from which the lack of skills they will never catch up. >> i like the pete seeger reference i'm just glad you didn't try to sing it. [laughter] >> we are all glad. >> you asked for the challenge and for me the hope is that progress made in los angeles in the last couple of years continues that a much greater rate. so dillinger graduation rates we have to be doubled again. the ability to we watch the highest levels of performance of every creed for every set of students is great. it's not where we want to be but it's know where we used to be. students can graduate every single solitary one of them, not some, not most, but all in devotee week honored the job. the challenge is how to overcome what is a systematic disinvestment in our circumstances of poverty in the city and in this country. i do not believe that all

students can graduate college ready to other ways we would be very different. we would have systems for them not solely about the adults that work with them, and that is a profound challenge. i also think one of the things that you see here is the era of superintendents and the mayor's showing up at a press conference to celebrate a free tote an omnibus, that's gone. it is one team who are profoundly committed who are not afraid of accountability. that is a very positive sign whether it be male influence or control, quite clear. this notion that this is just two different teams is totally not the way it is any more. >> mayor villaraigosa? >> in addition to the districts like ours that are city-state's being able to compete for the race to the top that we also get waivers from nclb to begin innovate and to the kind of things the states are allowed to do. on those two points that is the

hope. but the real hope if you will, i want our schools to be world-class schools and the saying is that the world is flat and we are not competing he's not just talking about the urban school, he's talking about our kids. my son was at princeton, you know, he is talking saying that our kids are not competing in the sissons engineering. so i want to work urban schools to be places of a world-class education. i want our kids to be able to compete and challenge. i do believe one of the reasons i really wanted to have the great players here with the superintendent is i do believe that the mayors of the spearhead, the effort to reform the schools so we have to put parents and teachers first, that we've to focus as much on the kids as we do on the adults and that's something that you have heard all across. we all know that the people work hard and the teachers that to get into the professional people who care about changing the world, but we want the best people in the profession, and we

want to be able to measure who are the most effective and i believe that teachers, hold them accountable. principles as well, and vest and tie that investment to results and improvement. >> i want to thank everyone that is here today and thank secretary duncan and you're wonderful team for letting me participate. i think if there is one clear message from all of the mayors and superintendents it is that the children should be at the center of all of this. the children, their parents, that accountability matters, that principals and teachers have to be accountable. we all have to work together. to me and a half million children are led by the people on this stage, and their lives are in their hands. so that is the profound message that we all take away. thank you all very much. [applause]

so, he has waited for them to come alongside and then my highlight players are going to have hand grenades on the open hatches, and the other members of the crew are going to machine-gun the germans on deck. >> military and intelligence historian on hemingway, the sky. sunday at 8:30 part of american history tv on c-span's three.

the national association of attorneys general recently held its annual summit here in washington. this year's gathering focuses on internet copywriting digital piracy. this is about an hour. >> if you have a seat go ahead and take it and if you to continue our conversation please move into the lobby. you're going to close the doors. >> rob? just want to make sure you knew i was in my seat prepared to go. [laughter] >> that is all some, lawrence. we are trying to keep the traditions. by the way in the back we have this funky echo going with the mic. it's kind of cool. it's like i'm at a concert.

all right. i'm just telling you. a very good. our next panel is going to focus on the attorneys general role in combating intellectual property of piracy on college campuses. we are very honored to have senator chris dodd, chairman and ceo of the motion picture association of america to provide us with an introduction on the topic. and again, we are getting a serious eco appeared. can you guys adjusted or not? there is a little bit of a delay. how about now? that's much better. thank you. will you please join me in welcoming senator chris dodd? [applause] good afternoon and think you immensely for the invitation to be with all of you. today i'm delighted to come by as many of you know i spent my previous three and a half decades in that building up the road from here.

someone asked me if i missed congress, and i said yes, but not this congress. so i'm glad to be at my new job as the head of the motion picture association following in the steps of dan glickman and jack who for almost 40 years was the ceo and chairman of the motion picture association. in fact when i left the senate last year, now seven-year-old -- i have two young children -- i was deily candidate i knew