right back at you. >> . .

very exciting. before i begin i need to cite the library museum and historic site and all the wonderful staff members include ingemar the and the woman behind the curtain, so thank you for bringing me here and for all the work it takes it's not an inconsiderable task. so, every girl has to have her own understanding and the rest of the world has never heard of her. today i want to try to dhaka little bit about her life just to give you the encapsulated biography of her, concentrating on the big topics i think today, and then there will be at least one the slide in there for girl scouts because i know when i speak to audiences about

juliette low those who know a lot about her and know very little about her. here we go. sure we go. hear me. we are not going. there we go. [laughter] thanks, jeremy. she found the most important organization for girls in the history of the nation, yet if i put this picture in front no one would be able to identify her. i find that stunning and it's not so good frankly as a woman historian. she led a fascinating life, woven throughout with sadness and great joy, juliette low was an optimist, a bit eccentric, very courageous also fun-loving and as it turned out a phenomenal and divisional social reformer. so, let's learn about her from the very beginning. this is where she was born, savannah georgia. i'm sure some of you may have been to her home in savannah georgia.

this is a little later so the third floor was in there when she was born to the 1860 she was born before the civil war began and this was her father, a confederate veteran. awww. hauer am i going backward? he wants me to use the slide. there. this was her father. [laughter] she was a confederate veteran and interested upon his daughter the importance of duty, and i think that he gave her that never say die attitude that comes from serving in a lost cause. her mother was in a family in chicago, and she taught her daughter the importance of getting back to a nation, the community that gave so much to hurt. in this couple she saw a loving and devoted marriage at work. fees two were dedicated to one another from the day they met until the day they died. she was also -- she also gained a very clear and understanding

of the importance of religion to what nellie and willie and this became important to her. she was a devout episcopalian her entire life her religious faith was of supreme importance to her. now, juliette low is the tallest one in the back. she was the oldest daughter, not the youngest daughter, she was one of many children born to the gordons, and girl scouts knew her as crazy daisy. we know lots of stories we tell our around the campfire about juliette gordon low's rather strange behavior. i will just tell you one. she was young, strangely cold at night in savannah and she was worried about the family cow, so because she's a very kind hearted girl she went to the guest bedroom upstairs and she took the blanket off the lead, ran downstairs in the dark, raft of the cal in the blanket,

secured the blanket. stunned to find the blanket on the ground trampled by the cowboy and the cowboy is find any way. so there's a lot of crazy daisy stories and most of them seem to me to deal with how kind she is. but when she gets a little older, here she is 18, i noticed in researching the record the crazy daisy stories begin to fade away. and what happens, i believe, is that as she ages and matures, she comes to have her own sense of herself, and she doesn't need to have this kind of crazy persona in the family any more. i think crazy days he works for her as a girl because she carved out a niche for herself and the family this week. she was the one who could make things better with a joke, a funny story, and i think this was a way to help her family through hard times come and it gave her a secure position.

but as i said, when she got older, crazy daisy dropped away. now, when she is older she needs these two women. she had a good education, her mother was a good friend of education for women, so she went off to boarding school and she had quite a cosmopolitan existence because of her boarding school experiences up and down the east coast. the women on the left is at the end of the left is mary clark, she was friends with these women until the very end. i paid particular attention to her friendship partially as a women's historian because that's what we do, and partially because i wanted to know how we important friendship was to a woman that founded the organization based on making new friends and keeping the old. so what i discovered is these friends were extraordinarily important to her, sustaining in fact. this is the home that juliette

gordon low knew very well. this is the home in providence rhode island, and the girls wound up here quite a bit. now, this is atty. atty loved sports. if you have read the book already you will note this is the one a friend named the icicle. she didn't like being called the icicle but she had names and reserve, so that's where the appellation came from. now, what i discovered about atty quite apart from her friendship with juliette low is that abby had a sister named juliette gordon low who had a scarlett at age to come and mrs. lippitt said i will teach my daughter to speak. the standard procedure was to teach sign language. but mrs. lippitt said sign language will be a wall between

people so i will teach her to speak. against all odds, she taught her how to speak, and she is what we would today call mainstream like she was to a normal school and she had a perfectly normal life. now, i wonder what it means for juliette gordon low to have a best friend's sister conquer her deafness in the language of the day. they all knew one another, they hung out with one another, so she has an example of jenny lippitt who had conquered and overcome her deafness. what did this mean? maybe it was i think juliette low had an understanding of what profound deafness was. all right, this is high hall, and it's the home of her other friend, mary gail clark. she was a kind gentlewoman. but she also came from a family

with a very deep vein depression perhaps bipolar disorder. it's hard to know. but suicidal tendencies ran in the family. her father committed suicide, her sister committed suicide, she had a brother who was suicidal and she herself was suicidal, so this is a very difficult but a different kind of disability for the era. she never abandoned mary coming and i think again, another testimony to the importance of friendship despite the odds. well, this is speed's sister alice and she died in 1880 just a little bit after the time that mary's sister died. so, here is alice passed away in a terrible tragedy for the family. it's the first break in the family circle, and daisy is in the difficult position of having

to mother her mother because mrs. gordon has fallen apart. can't imagine what would be like to lose a child, and mrs. gordon was just broken hearted. she had no time to take care of her other children. d.c. had to mother her mother, take care of her father, keith household together. there was no one to look after davey. despite the fact that her father said to her and honest man who has learned to work and support himself is possible for a husband. to a man born which she fell in love with william or else her father called him the idol englishmen. [laughter] now, he said today's see your beautiful commodores charming and you can rest yourself so i think it is an important -- it's important to understand the timing, to understand the relationship. i think she really loves him and as far as i know he truly loved

her. they were married in the 1886 and all girl scouts know what happened on this day. this is the date as the wedding couple got in the carriage a well-wisher's through war rice and a piece of rice lodged in juliette low's year. this was complicated by the fact that 23 months earlier, the same year had been treated with nitrate. so the kind of double any of the rice that got lodged in her year and became infected and the nitrate which caused extreme pain in that year together with a childhood fall of the year infections made juliette low very hard as hearing. how hard of hearing? she was not def light speed and lippitt. her hearing went up and down, better and worse depending on a variety of things. malays, whether, smog, you and

become a physical health, even her emotional health, her friends said. so, she could hear sometimes some things, other days she couldn't hear very well at all to get it went from bad to worse because her other fourier was compromised as well. so here she is coming young married woman about to enter her husband's world. this is one of what she referred to leader announced visible voyles and was full of people that were hunters, big gaming hunters and they went fishing and raised horses. in the spring they were in london for the season and then they went shooting in scotland in the fall and spend their summers on the english countryside. this is her at the top. these were all kinds of aristocratic elite french in this in england, the end of the included this man to the command, the prince of wales,

the notorious womanizer. when you see a price you have to buy a suitable home so they bought a house in england. this is a modern-day picture, and i have a friend that flew the american flag on the anniversary. so, the couple moved into this home, began to entertain. but he began to spend more time on his horses. willie loved horses, raised horses, sold horses, and also left cars. now this building is where he kept the first automobile in a little tiny village of walz bourn and if you look above the door he will see that he inscribed his initials in the building when he had it built for his cars. all right. because he is spending more and more time away, more time with his friends she won't let d.c. go hunting with them. he's put a barrier against her going to at least one race track and so, she says i'm going away.

i will be gone. see you later. what does she say clacks her nickname was always d.c.. what did juliette low do? she took up metalworking. isn't that what every woman would do? [laughter] she made gates. she decided to weld for the gate so she decided to work in metal. when i saw this railing around the top wondered did she make this? i spent some time in the book trying to figure out how. how to work in metal and what that meant. she also in her spare time to gup woodcarving. of course. [laughter] i have a hunch where she learned to carve wood. the woman with whom she spent time carving probably made this. so, juliette low is trying to be faithful to the lessons she learned from her mother and father about civic duty and

responsibility and giving back even though her husband for made it. he said i'd rather have a trophy wife and i don't want you to be trailing your skirts through the of work. so what does she do? she decided that she would do a good deed in secret. so she's befriended a lover in the village of wells burn. she donated time. she spent time working with the nursing association that he knew about certainly with a local churches and so forth. in 1898, she worked with her mother at a hospital, helping veterans that were too sick to go off and fight from various tropical diseases, so she worked with very ill soldiers. will the new about this but by that time it didn't matter much because by this time -- so this

is the first time you've ever seen this picture of anna bateman on the cover of country life magazine in england jeered toward elites english. what did she do when her husband saw this? exactly what he told her not to do and that is she went off to work in the settlement home. i'm guessing you would know it would be in chicago jane addams home the extremely poor. this is a leader photograph and it was in the slums of london and juliette low works with the candle well. i find this fascinating and a connect sinnott of dots to know that juliette low, before she ever connected with the girl

scouts had experience working in downtown london. here is anna bateman again a little bit later picture. she did something extraordinary, that this she filed for divorce, scandalous. if you are in her class, you should just get over it if your husband is unfaithful you should accept it and move on. but she said mike marriage meant something to me, he was unfaithful and going to file. then he became ill with a terminal illness and he said i'd better call of the divorce because i can't divorce a man that is trying. then he got better and picked up with anna bateman again and she said heck with that i'm going to reinstitute the divorce but before it was finalized he died. secure she is 1905 -- no, this

is the site for the girl scouts come this is her on the right and and on the left. i have no, i just wanted you to see it. first time anyone has ever seen the wife and mistress side-by-side. i know. i'm not saying it the. of 1905, she is widowed, she has learned her husband left the money to his mistress, she fought with her sister-in-law to regain some of the money which she did, she was never poor but it was another heartbreaking battle for her to fight so now what do you do when you are in your mid-40s anti-war a widow? she could pursue art but it was difficult to break into art as a woman and then as it is now. she could travel, she loved to travel and she did that.

she went places most didn't go. she went to india, egypt, she had herself a tiger. her husband said you can't go game hunting with me so when he was dead she shot a tiger. she could have taken care of the elderly and the young and her family. this was her younger sister maybelline her children. it's such a beautiful photograph i just wanted to show it to you. she could have taken care of her nieces and nephews but because her hearing was bad she said i don't think i should take care of the el fer sheeran will not hear them when they need me said that isn't something i could do. she could get married again, the strine asks her to marry him. she had many male friends and female friends. he was a member of the british military command she decided not to marry him although they remained friends for a long time

so she could go back to social work, which she did. i don't know how much time she spent, i don't think a lot but she kept her hand with the kendal will be working girls club. this was a dear friend of hers. the flying in common, fleeing their plans. she loved airplanes. well, this man is also a cousin of this man. this is robert powell, and his wife and juliette gordon low on the right. he was a war hero and famous all over england and beyond. he was known as a military scout and tracker and was famous that she was determined she wasn't going to like him because she had other friends in the british military she thought deserved much more praise and honor them

they had gotten since he had gotten it all. so she had lunch with him in 1910, sat across the table from him and was determined not to be interested. this lasted until when she found herself smitten those with him, the had a lot in common. so, boy scouts, she was fascinated with the trucking and the scouting, the t.a.r.p. cartographia, the travel from the outdoor experiences and also very much in tune with the desire to raise better men through the program men prepared for any future but the most important thing about this boy scout program is that it brought fun to bouygues, the emphasis on fun is what she liked. so she said i will take some of

the girls interested in scouting and i will make it troup. whenever the boys gather in uniform at scouring to gatherings, liberals were there are around the edges. this is shocking to people that time. the girls began to copy their brothers and uniforms, girls in uniforms of the boys gathering. shocking so she said i think there are parts of my program will be wonderful for girls but i'm not going to oversee the girls so he gave them to the sister and she was friends with agnes said this was how the idea communicated itself. she also spent a lot of time because they had quite a intimate friendship. so she had a home in scotland and determined she would start with a very poor rural girls in scotland so she taught herself how to spend and we've so she could teach her girls house. why? because these girls would not

have a rosy economic future, so she said i will teach you how to make crafts i will then take to london and sell say you have more money in the business. so they raised chickens with eggs that could be in that area of scotland. so she immediately salles a very concrete way to benefit the girls through girl scouts quite above and beyond the other aspects that she loved. so she took the idea from scotland to her home in london where she found in other troops, one for the urban poor girls and one for the wealthy your girls. so before she goes to savannah in 1912 she has experience in three troops, urban and rural, poor and wealthy. she didn't spring out of nowhere

in savannah. so this is what everyone knows, in 1912, she said i have something for the girls of savannah and all of america and all of the world and we are going to start it tonight. this is what she said her cousin and she determined should bring local scouts to the united states in 1912. this was her organization from the very beginning. it was a one-woman show at the start. there we go. one to make sure you're still awake disease out there. this is a letter of hers you can see. imagine at first one should look like in the letter. so her organization began with her money to start the organization. she hand-picked the staff and read the manual and designed the pens in putting this one which

then she turned into this. she was sensible enough to go with legal boundaries around the organization and she could do this because she filed for divorce and was cognizant of attorneys and how they worked. she loved the idea of camping and getting girls out into the fresh air was important to them but also taught the girls self-sufficiency including stock in dresses and suits and high heels of a service got them out devotee had to think about miskitos and hell much water and food could they bring and how to pitch the tent. this was new to the girls of the time. sports was important as well. this was in the early basketball you can see the bloomers. she loved sports. this was in savannah she effected a curtain so that they wouldn't be shocked by seeing

girls in bloomers the curtains to what they always do, the kept people out but they also pique people's interest. folks wanted to look around the curtain to see what was going on so she got quite a number of girls from the curtain. she was always involved in the with the girls to read his milking a cow with a federal scouts but she also set up a national board of directors. her family was involved, her mother on the first board of directors. she got her first large donation from her brother-in-law, she pressed one brother into being an attorney for the organization and another an accountant. she created and oversaw the washington headquarters and moved to washington, d.c. in 1913 when she had only a couple hundred girls, that optimism she decided she had to have a national headquarters with only a couple hundred girls, i love that. she's all the publicity as well be that she was the one who made the first initiative to the

united states first lady. she copied the boy scouts, the head in national lottery president and she loved that idea so she campaigned tirelessly for more girls, leaders, training, camps, shoes modernize of her organization. she oversaw every part of it had cared about every detail she was involved in every aspect. it began and grew because of juliette low family by family and friend by friend she was always involved. world war one is the making of crosscuts and 1914 in europe she's a transatlantic figure and has a foot in both countries said she observes held a girl scouts participated in the effort and her vision was to see that american girls wanted to be

taken seriously and participate in this important national crisis. so she led the prepared pan sprayed. in the beginning of the years there were 4,000 barrels celts piatt 52. by the end there were 41,000. so it grew tremendously because she understood the girls wanted to be taken seriously to be useful to this and to be involved. girl scouts in the united states sold nearly $10 million of bonds. that's what they're doing here. the collected scrap metal to contribute to the effort and the troops sprang into being and have emergency first-aid, wartime health care of a domestic focus of girl scouts continued to juliette low from the beginning said the girl scouts needs to have an equal emphasis on domestic training for girls who will be wives and

mothers and career training for girls who need another path. she herself understood from her own experience unit plan and prepare to be a wife and mother but that doesn't always work out to as a domestic skills were important and girls during world war i learned how to feed their families and care for their homes and the young and the elderly and free up the others for the war work. they also learned cartography, sanitation, morse code, they planted victory gardens and then learned how to can and preserved fruits and vegetables. they needed for soldiers and made candles and scrapbooks and later worked as veterans, so the girl scout think was tremendously popular during world war i both girls but the larger public because americans saw the girls contribute and every time there are a girl scouts did something important and good they did it in uniform

very, very visible. now the war ended. 1920 juliette low makes one of the hardest decisions she has to and that is she stepped down from her own organization. it is a relief wise leader that knows when it is time to step away. so she and over the reins to her goddaughter, this is mary's daughter, and what she did was spend her time working on international rules guiding and scouting. she understood how horrible world war i had been. 15 million people dead because of this war, friendships shattered on a family is broken, and she said one way to make sure we never have a war this devastating again is to help girls in all countries know about each other so international friendship would

be a way to make sure the war never happen again because if you are in venezuela and you know about the life in canada and if you are in canada and know about the life of a girl scout how can we go to war? that's what she thought. 1920's america extremely isolationist era. americans were ready to walk away from your robinette war. notte juliette low. she said we have to be engaged with europe. we must be involved. it's the only way to avoid war. well, in 1923, she developed breast cancer to read i discovered some interesting cures she had during her life. she never meant anything knew she didn't like. she loved technology. anything new she loved including treatment called the retial cure which what it was is they put you in a room the size of a shower and a bay that you in radio.

i'm not saying it caused breast cancer but she had several read the am i tumors in her life. in 1927, juliette gordon low died. she hadn't slowed down from the breast cancer and all. she traveled to the end spreading the importance of friendship, education, prepare dessel self-sufficiency and above all funds. it was in san georgia that she died. the last thing she did is write a letter to a friend. she was one of the lucky people because she died having realized her dream. juliette low salles her organization, the girl scouts, all of the united states of america come to fruition spread around the world she's all material changes as a result of her own and like every good ceo she left her organization in tiptop shape. a recognizable brand, they had a

large number of trained leaders, splendid training course for the leaders and there was an leal board of directors. it was financially sound. so, she was a very content woman at the end of her death. she knew she was going to dine at the end of her life, she knew she was going to die, and her life work was in front of her. she had been celebrated by her home state of georgia, she had been celebrated by girl scouts all round the world for her accomplishment. what is the legacy? you all to read all of you who are wearing green or brown fur brownies, right, all of you are her legacy. 50 million american women and girls have been girl scouts since it began. her legacy is everyone of you. her legacy is also people like laura bush, hillary rodham clinton, mary tyler moore, gloria steinem, mariah carey, we

could go on for days, shirley temple, lucille ball, pat schroeder, debbie reynolds, my grandmother, my mother, meek, we are all her legacy come all the fuss. so sure we are, looking back 100 years, which is quite fitting tweed not a lot of organizations to get to 100 years. very few businesses me get to 100 years. 100 years is truly worthy of celebration. we are looking mecca this remarkable woman whose life, whose choice is and chollet went into the making of this organization that means so much to so many people. what i find amazing as a woman historian is i know if we could bring her out right now she would say the past? let's look at the future. let's look at the girls among us and a girl scouting and where the organization is going and what more we can do to help the world. thank you very much. [applause]

to the estimates before giving it the best part of every question. let's hear what questions. >> [inaudible] >> there we go. [laughter] >> first want to thank you for doing this. i was very impressed when you saw the picture. it struck home that girl scouts know who she is and other people don't. thank you. where did you get all the pictures? they are wonderful. estimate the pictures of juliette gordn are scattered. the library has many. but it's girl scouts of the usa that has most of them so they are in the national preservation center in new york city in the

extraordinary when at the birthplace site in savannah have been more generous than i have a right to expect with photographs from the society and a couple of them from friends of mine from the browning circle that the end was from a friend. instead i want to think you also. it's touching for me to hear you speak and i am the second generation grows, my daughter and my niece our third generation and my mother was my leader and i and their leader so it's just wonderful. my question is this week the celebrated international women's day and i just wonder how we can spread that around. we have days for different things and in entire month devoted to african culture but one day for women and most didn't even know that it was here. as grow stultz and a historian can you make suggestions for us

to make that a more noticeable to people? >> we have the full month, march is women's history month. it began in 1981. the objective was to write women back in the history so we had done this and you're the girls are learning a whole lot more about women than their grandmothers ever did, that's for sure so we do know about people like sojourner truth and jane addams, but what we don't know is juliette gordon low. my starting point is she did create the most important organization for girls and women in the history of the country. she's not in the history books or social studies textbooks, she's not anywhere so what can we do about that? i wrote a book. [laughter] so come and you can come and you know, you can read the book, you can educate your girls, those

were troop leaders. there are splendid books out of this year for young gurgles, so educating girls, telling the story to people is the part of it. so when you have a project to do for school with do it on a juliette gordon low and teach your classmates that don't come to the meetings about her to read for the rest is just a matter of spreading the word. one of the things you can do is go to amazon, and these three books, you can write about them, why it's important because people tend to buy books and i don't know how to educate if you don't have a feature film on her although that would be a good idea, but spread the word in any way we can and then what will happen as the next time history books are published, her name will be there. see the brownie right here, she

had a question. do you remember your question? put her on the spot. [laughter] other questions? >> is the camera schering you? there's one in the back. >> thank you for speaking to us today. appreciate the history and sharing your knowledge. you talked a lot about the men and that may have influenced her. are there any women that were significant to her and to the kind of inspiring her and her mission? >> here's one connected question to the answer, here's an answer that connects to women's history month and juliette low. she was part of the larger

progressive era movements. progressivism, 1900 to the beginning of world war i. try to cure the problems left by the last century industrialization, urbanization and integration commesso juliette low as part of this, there was a movement for example, the playground movement, the fresh air movement, many reformers were involved in trying to make the world better. now, juliette low was in the movement i suppose but not of it. she wasn't familiar with these women or their work as hard as i could tell. she knew jane addams but because of a family friend. so why think this is one of the reasons she's not in the textbook. she doesn't intersect with the women the way that other -- the tended to know one another so who was her influence? her mother. her mother was her influence and staunch supporter. i think they had a generally warm relationship throughout

their lives although it could be tense but she had a good role model. her mother was the founder and the red cross chapter in georgia and an author to read she had done many things so that was probably the biggest influence, and then she was friends and then a girl scouting is where she found her biggest circle of friends she had dear friends among her chief lieutenants. >> nobody wants to ask -- >> the carrier of the microphone. how did her deafness work with her not being you all to hear certain things that she didn't want to hear, and continuing on her vision?

>> this is a story that the girl scouts know well. she was on stockpole, completely optimistic but also, she could just not take no for an answer. and the way she did it come and we have many women say this is that juliette low would stop you and say so good to see you, you are just who i had in mind to take over the troop. and she would say don't worry what i'm certain that you are the perfect person for the job and the woman with a look at her and say i'm sorry, i can't do that. i have these other obligations and then she would turn her deaf year to you and say splendid, it's all settled. i told them you would be there thursday. don't forget to give the girls t. [laughter] she did this over and over again. i discovered since she wasn't completely deaf i don't know how she was when she turned that year to you but it was certainly

a very good way to spread of the girl scouting and a good way to get volunteers. there are letters in savannah from the women that said i wasn't going to walk out of church because i knew -- [laughter] now she remembered her question. as the michaud girl scouts get spread around the world? >> how the girl scouts get spread around the world? that is a great question. they got spread around the world in many ways. one is women who were girl scouts themselves, troop leaders that travel and went to other countries sometimes in the military and sometimes with peace organizations and sometimes with other organizations. they got spread through letters. if you like being in brownies you might write a letter to your friend in england or china it

might spread that way. it was also a conscious effort on the girl scout leaders to spread because she really believed as did the leadership in mainland that girl scouting could make every girl's life better, every girl every ethnicity, every religion, every class, every background to be improved by girl scouts and that is intentional and they try very hard to make it happen. great question. >> did she get involved in her suffrage for women? because the age is spec was she involved in the suffrage? the answer is no, she was not. in her papers it is pretty clear she was herself in favor of the women's suffrage but one of the

most critical parts of gross accounts was that it should be run locally. she was the daughter of a southern and democrat, local control, very important, so she didn't want to impose from above a party line on girl scouts for fear that women in mississippi might not be in favor of the women of new york might be. so she didn't want to alienate. she didn't want a political agenda from the top. she was also by 1920 when they were given the vote she had stepped down from the leadership of the organization and so it was not -- it wasn't something she wanted to focus on however there are wonderful photographs of girls while their mothers are often voting. so it was not heard issue.

islamic how many girls ghats were in the first troup? >> how many grow skills were in the first stroke is a great question, too. the answer is we don't really know. the first girl scout troop was probably started in a savanna orphanage among your friends, not the girls that most have learned. the reason we don't know is because juliette gordon low was a remarkable woman, she truly was. she had many strengths, but i will say that bookkeeping wasn't. so register of girl scouts in savannah there is no logic in it whatsoever. it's very difficult to track which goals and leaders in order came into being so we don't really know how many girls. we don't really know where the first troop was. how was that for an answer?

pretty good, right? in the far back. estimate for the racial, with a segregated, and when did they become interracial or a cultural and religious mix and stuff like that? >> the first girl scout troop in savannah georgia in the spring of 1912 as far as we can tell were definitely mixed in terms of religious background. but may be a better way to think about this is that if juliette low as i said was interested in growth stocks benefiting all, so she could have as founder said we are going to have grossed only for this type of girls, not this type but she never did that. so the earliest troops had

catholics, there were jewish girls and protestants, the earliest were composed of factory girls and elite, they were kind of middle class girls of all ethnic backgrounds. some of them were in troops we might call next but she also said if you want to have a truth that's all catholic girls you can do that to me if you want a trip that is all jewish girls or factory girls, you can do that. she blows and nearly as concerned about the exact configuration as she was of girl scouting reaching all the girls puna i know from interviews that the first -- the earliest the girl scout troops included african-american girls from segregated. 1912 so we are not looking at the integrated troup event and the question about official

troops doesn't come up until many years later and at that point in time she could have said we are going to have no official african-american troup. she did not say that. we will not have an official policy. so we will let the women in new jersey decide what they want to do, let the women know what you decide what they want to do and the women decide what they want to do. so, i get full remarks for not supporting out girls of any sort, and her mother told her to do so. her mother said you cannot have african-american girl scouts, you will kill your move before you begin and she said i'm not doing it that way. everybody can come in. triet >> i think we should be very grateful to you coming here and everybody here had a wonderful opportunity. thank you for having all of us. [applause]

>> thank you. [applause] for more information visit the author web site, stacycordery.com. can you give credit and epidemiology for people who may not know the blow by blow of conficker to read you did talk about it schulman i guess it was john who talked about it but just sort of describe the beast here. >> the worm itself popped up as a honeypot, honey and it actually and it was on his monitor and one of the -- what happens is when a new peace and drifts into the space a line will pop up on his monitor and there's all these readouts defining what this is, one of which is a column that indicates how well recognized the virus is to the major anti-virus industry

and the vendors and this one was recognized by non. that's the first thing, and then the next thing that happened is a was replicated so rapidly that within 24 hours it was shoving every other piece of now we're out of the honeypot. the only read out in the screen was conficker, conficker, conficker. he said i literally had nothing else to work on at that point. what they discovered as they began to dissect is that was a very sophisticated piece, it was highly interested to read one of the things it did which was curious as to check and see if the computer was about to in fact had a ukrainian keyboard and what self-destructive the computer did, but basically it's been a treat to the core of the operating system, and replicate itself, send out and in fact every other computer on the network and also began calling

home in a remote controller. the remote controller the way that he would ordinarily tell is he would chop off its head if you could intercept that communication you could effectively kill the botnet commesso peay algorithm that generated 250 new domains everyday so that the master had to be behind one of the 250 doors on of a given day where if you wanted to cut this off he would have to shut down all 250 domains every single day so that is one example of the nature of this thing, and i teach a mentioned a moment ago he began buying up all of those and putting them on his credit card which gives you the sense of how ad hoc this was to try to stop at. before we go further down the path of the worm's evolution

come i just want to get back to the question of what kind of streets we are in. a question for t.j.. i have a very old e-mail address [laughter] since most now where i take it is distributed by botnet, a level of spam is there a correlation in the level of mao where infections, so i remember about a year ago a large botnet was taken down and for a while stambaugh fell off, but i have to say that if i look historically at the number of spam messages every day it looks like it's probably ten to 20% worse than it was before that

happened. am i a good indicator of the state of -- >> it is a perspective situation, so the operation referred to is the restock take down so we can sit back and laugh at some of the reports coming in one of them was zero impact on spam and one was 5% and one was 10% and one was a 30%, as we kind of like what's the real number and we can determine it is a perspective think so called our friends a hot meal and said did we do anything good for you guys? i see a drop off a flight .07%. >> i was hoping for a bigger number. the problem is they have a lot of the providers have systems in place that prevent sending of spam from the non-nona so the of the unblocking a lot of the spam so we had a small impact with some of their organizations

particularly private companies they saw a huge dropoff because they wouldn't be sending too hot now because they know that we were blocking and i am assuming it g. e-mail does the same countermeasures' sweet talk to our hollandale folks and they say they largely managed the issue but the thing we saw when we were watching the honeypot attempt to stand out it was a to a whole bunch of different domains, so we define it and saw the spam leave but it would never make it into an in box because the children on our side, so it all with the real number is camano when we start to look at these things and giving back to the original question i look at how many millions of my customers are being impacted because they're running stock it's running on something else, just based on our testing so we look at it little differently. it gives us the cause to sit in a courtroom and say they are harming us. i look at what i'm looking at how many of my customers are being impacted. when we start to look at the

restocking particular, the analysis shows a would reach out to a piece of the infrastructure that we could track so it will attempt to download a patch from the center in a very specific ways we are able to think a printout so we know how many machines we were dealing with. one of the criteria that we look at in the conficker was a restock. how many of my customers are being negatively impacted by this piece of a now where -- anna bateman to read the stages and a group of the internet but it seems a surge internet service provider and technology company taking more of an interest knowing that private companies can do more to protect folks, so i think the dark days are behind us. [laughter] >> we are kind of coming out of

that. at the last conference we had two weeks ago we been doing conferences for ten years now on the heels of the international task force, we are starting to see people talk about how to be more operational, how can my company health and take down? i would love to see this go away as a distribution mechanism, but i think that from the perspective there is a certain perspective that shows that that might be the case, there might not be any change, but we are still in the infancy, so we don't know. >> this book is a whodunit except i still feel we don't know who done it so i want to check in with you guys to see where we are and at a certain point of been a couple things that happened. take me through the law enforcement aspect and where you feel you have conclusive sense of the authors were or are.

>> i can't say with any certainty that the frn ready is no who was behind, and i suspect the difficulty in apprehending them has more to do with diplomacy dealing with a foreign government, dealing with the foreign wally and police agencies than it does with finding them but we do know about the authors of the worm without having caught them yet they're tremendously sophisticated programmers, and the reason i use the word for all this because there is certainly not one person because the worm conficker demonstrated such a high level of proficiency and so many different areas that it is literally in possible to imagine that one person would have that level of ability and level of knowledge and so many different areas that at the same time, so likely culprits is a group well funded probably body

and organized crime syndicate who set out to create a very large, very stable botnet that can be used as a platform for all mischief, the moneymaking platform. >> if you look at the early indications of how the conficker is being leverage, strong ties to the anti-virus and ties to some of the elite program, the keyboard check is interesting because nobody wants to be arrested by local authorities for compromising machines in the company, really looking towards eastern europe to find out what that looks like. estimates on of those interesting -- i agree, we referred the case early on. they've been working the case for quite some time. they are working hard on that but i don't have a picture of the guy. >> you can watch this ad