same way so the general consensus was there. essentially a have good general government for general concerns. that is it. you will get to the bill of rights but of rights but it wo you will get to the bill of rights but it would not be a national government or abolish the state's. some people feared that. . .

i wanted to put as many as i could in there and in fact there are two appendices in the back of the book that and nothing but quote, stuff i thought was great but couldn't put in the book because they didn't have space. i think those two sections of the book are in some ways most fun. military historian presence in history of the american aircraft carrier, uss enterprise the most decorated military ship in history next on book tv. commissioned in 1938, the enterprise was involved in 20

battles in world war ii specific theater which included battles at midway, the guadalcanal and hiroshima. this is about an hour. >> good afternoon. i am barbara peters. this is in scottsdale arizona and it's our pleasure today to welcome back barrett tillman, who is a local author in some senses because he lives in mesa, it's one big megalopolis but he's also from oregon and here is a few interesting things by way of introduction. he was published at the age of 15 and has written 45 books or possibly more but the figures that really blew me away is 600 magazine articles. what do you do? rate in your sleep? >> i've been told that i laugh in my sleep so that would fit in as well. [laughter] >> in any case his works include collaborations with best-selling

authors and stevan and he has won a string of awards and probably the most relevant for today is in 2009 he won the naval institute general prize and has won awards from the air force from historical writings, the north american society will. anyway, to become an aviator but since i already mentioned his eyesight did him in. he was derailed from that and he is on the next writing all these wonderful books about airborne warfare and related topics. his latest subject the legendary world war ii aircraft carrier uss enterprise was inspired by a landmark book by retired author who wrote the story of the uss

enterprise in 1962 and the article in the arizona republic that he did went on to say the world needs a landmark about the enterprise every 50 years. so my question is why, what would have happened between 1962 and now that make it worthwhile to come back and do another landmark book about the enterprise cracks all yours. >> this is the inspiration for my abiding interest in the enterprise. the paperback was published in 1964, and you can view the math but the was the summer after my freshman year in high school and during the cross country training journey i read most of this book and number one was the

exceptional quality of the right thing. ed stafford was just a wonderful author and he stayed with us. she's about 93 or 94 retired in florida and as the author describes and chris was essential to the united states able to pursue the pacific war back in the year after pearl harbor. shortly after we ended the guadalcanal campaign which was really 43 and the correspondent brooch averitt contemporary book called then there was one and that title returned to the fact at the height of the guadalcanal campaign which was the most closely fought in the pacific war the only enterprise remained afloat of our six carriers that had combat in the pacific in

1922. the only other survivor was the uss saratoga that sustained a heavy battle damage on two locations and therefore missed the entirety of that year, so considering that he wrote a 200,000 word book about the enterprise what is it that 50 years later or in some other ones, and i thank there's a couple of reasons. number one, the book is superb on the aspects of the various units that went through the air prize dealing with the entire war but he's told me in a couple of e-mails he wished he had been able to write longer book and it took him five years to read this one that would include the

ship's company with the navy calls white hats, the sailors between them and the commission officers and the chief petty officers who made the ship work and consequently, i wanted to devote a good portion of my book to the enlisted who were so instrumental in the success. the other aspect is advancing scholarship apart from the fact that my book includes the design and the construction of the enterprise we are also in a situation where in 1962 relatively little information was available from the japanese side and that certainly changed i want to say going back a good 15 to 20 years the japanese defense ministry has published a

massive compilation of wartime reports from our ruffini to navy and air force model from in fact only a small part of which had been translated yet, but over those recent decades so much more information has come about. for instance, in the book you will read in one of the last chapters that was thought to be the name of the pilot who died in the enterprise elevator on may 14th, 1945 and such damage bishop was knocked out of combat for the rest of the war we now know based on research here and in japan that actually is named

tomey and if and when of the things that intrigues me but readiness history is you never know it's coming out here from around the corner or in this case in the mail over a year-and-a-half ago opened an envelope in the mail whose riding i didn't recognize and insight was another envelope and is said thought you might like to have this. i opened it up and there was another piece of paper that said from the 14th of may, 1945, and it was a 50-cent paper note an almost pristine condition. had been folded in half but whoever had acquired at had kept fully extended without addition and had kept it in the dark for all those years, and as a result

of that specific instance i found out more about the lieutenant and thanks to a colleague in japan who was a cadet on should say at the japanese naval academy in 1945i am now in touch with the pilots brother in japan and his family is proud to know that the enterprise association recognizes the fellow that that young man, the 22 year old pilot demonstrated as a dedicated enemy of u.s.s. enterprise has come together and now in fact enterprise members, crew members

who had picked up souvenirs manly pieces of airplane and kept them now have returned some of those artifacts to the family in japan so that's a whole new dimension i enjoy some advantages that the commissioner did not because there's been a considerable amount of secondary material published since 1962. some of my colleagues such as john who wrote a wonderful to volume study of naval air combat in the pacific after pearl harbor. richard frank, the preeminent historian of the guadalcanal campaign and he did a landmark book several years ago giving a brand new perspective on the battle of midway.

all of those contained additional material that wasn't readily available. in fact in some cases it did not exist in their early 1960's so that is sort of a long way around the block to say the continued historiography of the enterprise is almost unending, and one of the things i most enjoyed in researching and writing this book is getting to know more of the company because i was already well acquainted with a great many of the aviators and the crewmen but what most people don't realize about the enterprise is the huge reason for the ships institutional success, and i wanted to write a book about an institution rather than just a warship was the unprecedented amount of longevity within the ship's company. when the enterprise was

commissioned in 1938, the combined total of the ship company and the vitter group was between 212,200 individuals. throughout the war it is estimated that 15,000 served aboard the ship, and obviously there was a considerable turnover because for one thing, it was a leadership factory and people who gained experience with the ship operation or the squadron and air group have been invaluable knowledge that would be passed on when they transferred elsewhere but to give you an idea of how much this book is a last minute to brown that history when i started writing it in 2009 there were the four known estimators that is members of the original

company place enterprise and the commission and one of those was able to talk to me, and his name is carl and he had some wonderful stories you'll see in the book. his role in crossing the line it's an crossing the equator. he was cast as the royal princes for king neptune he said i was 19-years-old and i have the best of anybody aboard the ship. [laughter] some of the other folks who gave me the plate look at the operation included barney who is no longer with us but he was a 19-year-old who sounded the general and sun enterprise on

the morning of december 7th, 1941, and when i talk to him he said you know i still have the bugle and i wonder what i should do with it. i hope that it's gone to a suitable museum where it can be placed on display. another one of my excellent contacts was back in north carolina. he's a very impressive individual. she to get a voice from the succession of the ship captains when i went to college afterwards and became quite a scholar himself and his perspective was absolutely unique. she was the captain secretary for every commanding officer from 1941 to 1945 at least up to the end of the war. so he salles every captain come and go and do their strengths and weaknesses and he knew what

was receptive to advice and those who were not, and it occurred to me in looking at the turnover among the skippers throughout the ship career even though there were 15 commanding officers from 1938 to 1946 and this included the three were soldiers after the war when the ship wasn't really in commission any more, none of the captain's left a lasting mark on the ship, but the executive officers definitely did, and so many of the long term to the officers, the two executive officers were back-to-back and the aircraft carriers had to be commanded by naval aviators and execs but the number two man also had to be aviator. a southerner came to the ship as

the operations officer during the guadalcanal campaign and he was called uncle john by every become officers and men alike. he was one of these individuals who did everything extremely well. he was a stellar scholar at annapolis and a super aviator and his attitude was if you were in enterprise man it didn't matter how many years passed since the war. if you need help you look up on gold john he would do everything possible he could to help you. the other one, his successor was tom hamilton and some of you die-hard football fans will recognize him as the navy' winning football coach from before the war and tom hamilton had been chosen by the head of the aeronautics to oversee the

implementation of the physical training regimen for the naval aviators so tom hamilton had a solid background before he ever came aboard the ship. i notice some of the chief petty officers and there's one in particular who suddenly i didn't get to know. he passed away several years ago. but his aim on the ship roster is b.h. beams and to this day nobody knows what it stands for. but it was said that it stood for bullethead. [laughter] for the primary job as a bickel master at arms and basically that is the chief of police. he is in charge of the security and of the patrol. on one occasion in 1944, he

walked into the captain's office when the captain was gone and there were some miscreance with the blankets spread on the deck shooting craps and as you might imagine, craps and poker which they were also doing it the same time would this not only illegal but held know it is illegal. said he was faced with the dilemma to bust them or they had been on the liberty to give her and she didn't really want to hold them in. but on the other hand, they saw them and everybody knew what was going on. so rather than turning around and walking away and hoping that the miscreants could keep quiet about it which he knew was extremely unlikely, he knelt down on the one me and he said what is it and one said $4 he

gave up 50 cents and spent the rest of the day gambling. consider this factor. balk hid $117,944. if you check the inflation index that's something over $200,000 of current money. he was such an ethical guy that he made sure he lost all $17,000 before he broke up the game and said you guys are out of here so that gives you an impression of the quality of leadership and the characters who populated the enterprise. on another occasion, this would have been before the gambling notoriety the ship was southeast

of the islands and the japanese have long range patrol planes that could drop bombs from time to time and they seldom hit anything important but still, they could drop bombs, and on this one occasion, this would have been leaked 42, early 43 the department was required to send some of sure to build up and exploded ornament that's it for the arduous job, and in charge of the key to wander off somewhere they really didn't know where in the got to be the shank of the day and was long hard work, and somebody said you know, we have a case of grapefruit juice back here and some of the torpedo men have great alcohol would use a we mix this with some cocktails, which

they did. so they consumed the cocktails and went back to work on the bombs. about that time john came by. you guys, good lord. he said it in the jeep i will take you back to the shipping and you can finish leading of the ordinance to mauro. welcome it was quite a crew, probably six or eight guys no room and then in the jeep and he headed back up the road and he hit a bump and pitched one out the back end and he knocked the wind out of him and was already three sheets to the wind so they stood on the break i didn't ask

his given name for some relatives. he looks over at him and he says how are you doing. and he looks at him and he says come here, tell the folks in savannah died in the line of duty. [laughter] so he says pitch him back in and he took him back to the ship. it was uncle john. then the commander of the three strikes on his shoulder went looking and apparently it was loud and not pretty. but i mention those wonderful stories to illustrate as critical as the enterprise was to americas war effort. at the level it was populated with some wonderful people and i'm not going to say we don't

have characters like that in the navy today. i got a phone call from one of my heroes who was a prewar what they call officer not aviator who in 1939 street from annapolis and then as far as we know he's the only one who came back later as an aviator and he was politically incorrect or politically incorrect existed and said a few years ago you know, with my attitude they wouldn't let me in the back door today. he's one of those who i said was an owner in the established f. merlis so was everybody.

no system is perfect. i want to get a little bit historical with you in explaining just how critical the enterprise was to be at the time of pearl harbor it was one of three carriers permanently assigned to the pacific fleet, and the reason she was not industry in turtle harbor is she was on the way back from delivering the airplanes problems in the task force to her return she got in that evening.

here's six airplanes who also they are a schedule of rifle didn't get around to everyone somebody opened fire and long story short part of their plans for a shotgun and three were killed john daniels of the time was the one who was able to land safely and was taxiing to the flight line and some marine with a machine gun opened fire on him

older sister came around from the east coast and for the next several months the best that we could do with our battleships destroyed or flood long and and malfunctioning torpedoes was launched on the pacific and that changed in june of 1942 when the admiral pacific fleet intelligence unit learned that the japanese were planning on seizing midway which is clear at northwest of hawaii as one of the last the alliance, and in

the battle the enterprise group sank three of the four japanese carriers committed to that battle in yorktown which was lost in the battle that accounted for the fourth one so it was a huge strategic reversal for the japanese but for the aviators and the enterprise, it was to quote my friend who commanded the bombing squadron he said midway was revenge for pearl harbor. the i talions say it is a dish best served cold and by june it was six months cold. one of the recurring themes that you will see talking to the enterprise veterans is the midway was payback for pearl harbor and it fell discernibly by all hands.

finally, midway, the japanese were forced on the defensive and it allowed the united states navy and marine corps and the army to initiate the first strategic offensive that america undertook during the war and the was a landing at guadalcanal and the islands in august enterprise was there and start to finish involved in the battles on the eastern solomons in august and about all of santa cruz fifa and her youngest sister the horn at had launched the 25 against tokyo in april some get santa cruz was on the west coast having damage repaired, so that gets us back to the book and then there was one because at the height of the guadalcanal

campaign in november, december, 1942, the enterprise was of only fast carrier operational in the pacific and shuttled back and forth from henderson field and a couple of the others and as you will see in the book i devoted a short what if segment to the end of the guadalcanal campaign what if it had been badly damaged or sunk in perlo harbor or it may or early in the campaign at any one of those junctures' be in availability of enterprise would have adversely affected the united states strategic to devotees in the theater of operations. so it was that close and operation. so enterprise went on to the

west coast in washington and came out and fought through the central pacific and finished the war on one of the first to might fly interior groups in the u.s. navy history. that group was commanded by a friend of mine, the late bill martin, who his full name was william martin and i think it was his mother's maiden name but everyone said it sold for instruments because she became the navy's leading advocate of the carrier's both offensively and defensively and consequently, one of the trends that i address in the book is how enterprise was involved in the developing early on but also did some of the year earlier

experimentations and that takes me back to the extremely cooperative dedicated affairs officer and he's an interesting fellow in the san diego area. he was a gifted violinist and as i recall, he said in circuit january of 1942 she was slated for an audition with the walt disney symphony and he was on cloud nine. the next thing you know she's in the navy at the radio school and all he knew about the radio was turning it on but he made it through the radar school which was a considerable accomplishment in those days. he said he was pretty proud of himself to the point where shortly before the ship was to deploy at the end of 1944 all

the radio and radar texas were assembled with marine guards outside and the electronics officer said gentlemen, congratulations coming you possessed invaluable strengths for. it's critical to our in the forthcoming operations. in fact it's so important that under no circumstances or any of you to allow yourselves to be taken prisoner. at that point he began to wonder maybe he shouldn't have want to a couple of the radar screen tests but that never became a dire circumstance. one other thing i will address and probably open up to questions people have commented

ever since 1958 was the navy's lt enterprise one in the world was that historic irreplaceable should not preserved? and not even the admiral who wrote in 1942 was able to preserve. since then other carriers have been preserved and have the midway in san diego and a long time and preserved in charleston and lexington all of those have been preserved and it's certainly true that a majority of the enterprise veterans would have liked to have seen their ship preserved but there are a few such as alvan who was an air crew men a and torpedo bomber and became a very well-regarded by the league author and

instructor said he didn't want to see his beloved ship turned into an amusement park and i quote him in the book he gives a heartfelt statement that he would not like to see soda fountains and spilled drinks and ice cream of wheat dropped and screaming kids running around in there really is hard to argue with that attitude. but taking the longer view in the current generation of world war ii sailors gamal that would be left really is shipped, and i think it's a terrible loss but i just wish that the navy have given that a second thought. but in the meantime 1961 the navy commissioned a second u.s.s. enterprise, the air carrier it was the first nuclear-powered carrier of all and she's still in commission,

she's due for another deployment in this year and a decommissioned in 2013 or perhaps 2014. and at that point, the enterprise legacy will be lost because since the late 60's, early 70's has taken to the politicians and the secretary of the navy once told me that -- and he's a naval traditionalist who is said it's easier to get two or three or $6 billion for a nuclear-powered aircraft carrier than it is for a historic worship -- warship. but at the same time, bouck

probably saw the history channel series battle 360 which is a pretty good series perpetuates the enterprise, and i'm so glad i started the book when i did because to give you a little example, in 2005 by history of the first battle in which enterprise was involved was published and at that time 25% of the contributors when my previous book which is about air operations over japan was published that figure was up to 40%, and now as the end of last year as far as i know for have the contributors to the enterprise bukhara deceased. so it was none too soon and i am so gratified to see the next turn out here and i'm grateful to each of you and to barbara.

as she said i'm from mesa but i've come to see poisoned him as my home town bookstore and i've been well received here. did you have anything to add? >> the only thing i wanted to talk about for just a minute, it always has to be about the, we can have an author where i don't intrude. >> sorry. my husband and i were in japan a few years ago i was born in 1947 don't have any actual memories of world war ii in the pacific but i always assumed this is a whirlwind always assumed that hiroshima was threatened and that nagasaki similarly was completely destroyed. i didn't know that in fact hiroshima is on the north side of the sea, and a reservoir of our original target near which i

do not recall after hiroshima, and on the day that the bomber is to drop a bomb since the japanese didn't surrender after, the weather was bad and instead they went to nagasaki which is on the west coast we the geography at nagasaki is different than at hiroshima, so what amazed me is the we got most of nagasaki is still pending. people died because the radiation killed them but unlike it didn't leveled nagasaki so it's still in effect a city with many ancient ruins and so forth, and i was interested. that's the kind of stuff that unless you go there you don't necessarily find out about the difference. when you will wind what else did you find cracks.

>> the account of the operations over japan was included in not just the u.s. army and the navy and the marine corps and the british navy and the thing that most struck me in is americans have said that there was a second front in world war front along the potomac of washington, d.c. with army versus navy but in tokyo the enter service rivalry was a full contact sport. the imperial navy and the japanese army cordially detested each other. they spoke to each other as little as possible and institutionally they were so far removed that it makes my brain

hurt. the air force was heavily influenced by the french from about the per goal for one. in the french aircraft of the era you pull the throttle back to accelerate, the japanese navy was heavily in influenced which was the common sense standard pushed to go throttle so i couldn't help wondering how interesting must have been at the joint aviation conference when the japanese pilots were hopping cockpits. [laughter] schenectady want to answer questions? >> anybody have questions i would be delighted to reply. >> what would be the navigation pilots use early in the war before they had their radar to basically buy it themselves back to the ship

>> naval aviators in that era through the end of world war ii had what is called an allegis -- ouia board but would slide out from under the instrument panel and it had a circular grid and before launching from the carrier you would plot your point of departure and then use the circular grid to factor in the wind as it was briefed which was inadequate and then you'd have to adjust your settings accordingly to what ever it was and then use the date on the board to navigate back to the ship and required a high standard of navigation.

in those days the navy had electronic devices which most aircraft could receive but frequently the admirals' were reluctant to turn them on because they could monitor them as well. soa pilot -- no pilot who was then flown outside of land can fully appreciate what that is like in a single-engine airplane. it's quite an achievement. it would set that to the large heading of the ship and then cross check that against the compass as well. >> yes, sir. >> there was a code set up every

day if you didn't get today's code the letters he might not go back to the ship it might go someplace else where every day before they had the latest and more this code may be the letter be we knew it was out on the heading from the ship you get that and more you're going to fly back on the heading. spec that's correct. spinnaker worked. it was a low frequency device. yes, sir. >> the navy got a hold of the

japanese coast and translated. how long were the available during the war? >> the question regards the u.s. military access to japanese codes before the war. as far as i know we didn't break the japanese military code may be a diplomatic code prior to pearl harbor, but in early 42 the pacific fleet was called the retial intelligence unit had broken into the japanese codes and were able to predict with some accuracy what the japanese forces were likely to appear at a given time and place and the of the huge factory in the victory at midway and our knowledge of that analysis and codebreaking only increased from that point on where for instance

in 1945 we knew that the japanese government was not interested in sending because they were in touch with moscow exchanging diplomatic traffic with the japanese war cabinet wanted to have them intervene, and that meant barring something in unforeseen as you just heard the atomic bombs are what convinced them to intervene and ended the war. islamic going way back in history, do you think that the war gave japan a sense of confidence? to do what they did? >> absolutely it did. the 1905 war pledge your both imperial powers of course at that time not is one of the

first times that an ancient nation had a european power, and it gave the japanese navy a huge boost of confidence that from that period on for the next 30 years or so small a deterioration in the relationships between the japanese army and the navy. the navy had been satisfied with its victory over the fleet at the straits and the army became ever more ambitious and aggressive and instead of permanent war on the asian mainland. when the expanded into the deputies for its petroleum wealth and the philippines. yes, sir. >> do you feel that the information the misclassify

after the second world war has been released now? >> as far as i know all the operational material has long since been classified. it's possible or probable that some of the material remains classified not because of the content of it but perhaps because of the methods used. the geniuses who were able to decipher complex military and diplomatic codes by hand thought they had gas as they used to say when we got analog computers. now there are banks of powerful electronic computers that can crack most codes in a matter of days and hours so i can understand why they refer on the side of caution.

yes, sir. estimate prior to the war queue is very much against going to war in the united states as a commander on the title he was the most influential man in the navy. the army was just going rampant in china and they wanted a war and they were much rest. the fact he actually went to war and tried to assassinate him i understand prior to the war do you think that his initial reluctance had anything to play with his performance as the lead admiral in the navy during the war and during his tenure as the commander of the javanese navy? >> i really don't he had two tours of duty in the united states in the diplomatic capacities. he saw america' enormous

industrial capacity and there's a famous quote that he did make in contrast to the sleeping giant quotation which she probably never uttered as good as it is. he predicted with a surprise attack and the initial japanese technological and strategic it can't just he said something to the effect that either which i can guarantee nothing and of course midway was exactly six months after pearl harbor she was very much a dedicated military professional. he was a warrior. he knew that japan almost no chance of winning the war but his orders were go to war and he saluted smart and carried on. yes, sir. >> it's my understanding of the overall japanese strategy that

originated in the mid 30's in relation to the pacific war maquette which they had anticipated there would be a war between the united states and japan at some time both countries practice or games against each other on that was that because of the huge distances in the pacific that japan felt they could follow the strategy that if you drop the united states back on its heels and then draw a line of across the pacific that no country could extend their supply lines further than that. they were able to do it and bring the war to japan. there was their whole strategy. mike understanding was to get to

that point in the pacific flight to reach all and then have that negotiated peace >> that's a fair statement with japan with the russian war 1905 and 1906. my recollection is the japanese anticipated a single decisive engagement in the western and central pacific at which point either to back off and try to rebuild or more likely to reach a settlement, and essentially a diplomatic settlement is what japan looked for in 1941. you can read of a japanese mother teresa ecology, and one of the things that struck me in researching looking at the

interviews conducted with officials after the war japanese military professionals and some diplomats new the couldn't defeat america and a contest of industrial might, but their sense of personal and national honor is such that they thought was preferable to fight and lose and not to fight, so it is a huge culture clash and i don't think that either side fully understood the other. estimate in that case it seems like a good note to anthon and i'm not sure we fully understand each other. i'm heading off to japan in about three weeks and will be interested to see in light of the things that have happened, the economic problems they have come of a tsunami and we are not

going to that part of japan but nevertheless it's free difficult to i think overestimated the effect of the culture and the restoration pulled a lot of those guys after work. i've often wondered what do the people in the ira and the military, what do they do? what would they do in the negotiated peace if your whole life had been about the war and suddenly it's not come and i think there was a big problem in japan as that of a sudden you have this century-old tradition and what were they going to do it? but it's never been clear to me why they thought they had to fight the united states and the pacific rim it was -- what was the reason cracks >> i remember in 1990, 1991

during the operation desert storm one of the correspondence actually said was the first time anybody had gone to war over oil which was a pretty amazing statement because in the pacific it was all of oil. the embargo to the shipments with japan to open to modify the japanese actions and china. japan had something like 18 months of oil reserves after which. we go now and occupied with its petroleum wealth. and try to hold the line thereafter.

japan would have been fine they embargoed also. but cost of the cruise ship thing that happened, incredible, 100 years. within two months. [inaudible] laughter to and there's a very interesting new book out. i'm not recommending that you read it necessarily but it was something the you sort of learn way after that some at least one of the first class lifeboats from the titanic launched and the people in that including an english aristocrat who refused

to take that anybody in the water and so a lot of people by the come and looking at the cost of things it isn't necessarily that much different so there's something about writing history that nothing really changes. i did want to finish by saying that this may be in his best seller and in fact it is as far as i know his best seller. it's already been reprinted and they sold out in the entire first edition. you didn't know that. [applause] >> the supply side ultimately kind of decides who wins and who loses because you can't fight so there we are. in any case, thank you so much. we have a long friendship together and it's a pleasure to see all of you come out and

celebrate enterprise. i'm going to ask him to go over to that little wooden table over there and i am going to ask all of you to be kind enough to fold up your chairs and leaned them against the wall and visit with him. thank you all for coming today. >> for more information, visit the author web site, btillmancom

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