what i mean. so for somebody to say i feel threatened by this person. he didn't feel threatened, he followed him down the street. he's way older than this man. uncalled for, and it's a shame that that kind of stuff is going on and this person can get away with it in my lifetime. the truth of the matter is we've got to come together as people and somehow make it where these type of situations don't go unpunished like that because it's happening to him somebody else is going to be next and it is just a matter of time.

so, what we need to do as people >> the protest. >> always a good thing. they can get out there and watch. i'm so glad that al sharpton and jesse jackson was still alive. this guy here, all of them, the people that get out there and march like that, they have a voice some of us we don't have a voice for ourself he's been beaten senseless, just still living, these type of people paving the way for those kids so when they come on the line they can deal with them a lot better instead of them just being able to get away. ..

>> we have to stop there. [applause] that way you we continue to face these issues with communities of color. i will be pushy to have everyone to have a chance. >> i work these issues all my life.

around black responsibility, you said there were black police officers there? >> yes. two of them on the scene. >> what did they do? >> they sued me at the end of the case calling it a bogus lawsuit. i had to pay them. >> another thing with black responsibility, my question to you, i case all over the world, i a had people all over the world but what have you done but these people that you spoke about reverend sharpton, on the west coast, we have had police brutality cases.

because of what happened to you to help? >> every chance that i get. the camera in front of me i speak on these issues. as far as getting out there and marching, not like that yet. but i am not afraid to. if the situation is right. >> i work with adolescence 16318 years old. my statement this i feel the african-american male adults

need to step up to the plate. if you see a young man doing something inappropriate like using profanity i a told him that was inappropriate. do you think we need to do that as opposed to not paying attention and let it go by? also the african american women, their conversation conversation, although we have messed up, their conversations should be more

positive than negative. number one. >> we got it. >> how to help the young men who are self-destructive and if the ladies give us a hard way to go. >> is okay to speak up. be careful. some more violent and will pull welt the pistol. [laughter] it is the truth. it is hard. i know. you humble yourself to tell him it a soft way.

we need you to do this. it is how you approach a person. >> they can be approachable. >> the second is the reputations sisters can play to lift the brothers. >> with mint and are very strong. especially black women. i had to depend on women a lot. [applause] i'm not just saying that.

it is true. i have needed a woman in a lot of situations. of male could not help me. by have not gotten just this far without females. your species. [laughter] it is strong. some cancer price you -- can surprise you. [laughter] >> i am a lifelong activist. what individuals or organizations and los

angeles or on the forefront fighting police brutality? and if you could talk to president obama's, i was disappointed how he handled skip gates in his house. and and building relations cromwell what would you suggest to move forward with the white backlash with the majority white population? >> you better be ready. >> i would ask him to make issues and speed more about it.

the people who got you in there. black and white, speak out on those issues more. that is one of the reasons you are in the office. no man can bring peace to the ears. the you can bring those issues to the forefront and speak will help those minorities more than before. we have been under the carpet too long. >> what organizations you want to give a shot out to new do work in the community against police by lance? >> the ramparts division had

terrible cases of killing suspects, planting drugs, the fed's took over. it was after you but gave evidence will under delegates. they should year-old gates. >> naacp was one of them. my hat goes off to them. i am not too familiar with the others to be honest but they have really helped me over the years. >> i was working upstate in

the correction facility. you alluded to the fact when incarcerated how they treated you. you are a hero and should consider doing community work in san quentin. >> thank you. i will. [applause] at. >> i heard you do the radio interview and make an observation with the marchant case. based nine your experience that was the death cry. the experts said it was not.

can you speak to that war? historic way black men has been an endangered species. from the slave ship post trayvon martin there is the effort to raise the effort and indeed to take before the world court. would you join that? >> the first question was about the cry and that intimate connection. >> i am all too familiar it is the same scream and

holler i did 20 years ago. no doubt in my mind iowa's supposed to be dead. screaming for my life. the same scream it only took me seconds to know that. it is no different. >> the future of activism, malcolm x, shifting focus from civil rights to human rights come of do have the thought about the international context to

draw on resources and as many players as possible. >> there is a need for those organizations that we levin. before things get better, they will get worse. there is definitely a need for the organization says long as they do the right thing. and the organization is solid. my i would not be here today without the civil-rights movement back in the day people who died before me.

they set the groundwork. it was a fight to receive justice in my case. i would not be here today or a lot of us. there is not a lot of programs kids can go to. when i grew up we had programs to prepare us for the world. cutting grass come up part of the community, cleaning streets as a group. mind was the last of that. these organizations have really helped over the years

>> we are in an era of mass incarceration. is a political project to warehouse people. we have chosen to treat drugs as criminal in stark contrast to alcohol. that is not a productive drug of choice but to contribute to more death accidents and homicides outstripping all narcotics related deaths. these are political choices. the way we've marginalized the communities, it is a political process to unravel.

as the individual individual, unraveling the voices of the silent black majority function in many ways of the silent white majority. they make this about behavior. not politics or policy. as long as it is about to the gentleman on the subway but not the community where he came from or where he is going from a more money waiting to put him into prison. if we don't have that conversation at the same time, then we are part of the problem.

we have to contribute. [applause] that is the end of the program. please join us for the book signing and one final round of applause. [applause] [inaudible conversations] live m

our major studio. lori andrews is wit a >> a lot professor, public interest lawyer mystery novelist and author of 14 books. . where i want to start is your dedication. it puts into perspective what you say in this book, the people of facebook, twitter, youtube nation, may your data never be used against you. how frequently does that happen? >> very often. it's not just what the post and your social network page, as we have all heard about people being fired for having a drink in their hand on their facebook page. 75 percent of employers now

require their human research department to look at people's online presence before they offer them a job. it's not just what you put at yourself. to every it is actually collecting information about everything you do. if i send a team of to a friend saying and thinking of getting a divorce, that information come potential divorcee, if i buy an old guitar, when i get to a credit card side have offered a less good credit card because people who are divorcing or are in bands are less likely to pay off credit cards. information about everything is used to not just send me coupons but really to deny me things like credit, insurance, or other benefits. >> where and who is aggregating all this data? >> it is astonishing. think about the ipo for facebook, worth 100 billion. what is there inventory?

it's not gadgets and so forth. it is our personal information. 86 percent of their income comes from offering that information to people who want to target us in one way or another. that's just the tip of the iceberg. google makes ten times as much money, 36 billion per year, 96% based on the sale of personal information to behavioral advertisers. there are companies like axiom which calls itself the biggest company you've never heard of. 96 percent of americans have a file there with at least 1500 pieces of a permission, including what medication's use . so all this incredible data is being used in ways we don't even realize. it is not just a matter of if you're looking for a job take down your facebook page. i have written mr. rees,

mr. reiss. my google searches are troubling, and some people have been prosecuted based on lines of searches. 93 percent of the time when the cops ask google for information it turns it over. we would not be giving up this information to government, things like we put on our facebook page, political belief, sexual preferences. yet we think we are entering the friendly space. that information is now being used by marketers and the governments and others in many ways. >> imagine if you are an interviewer and how many google searches you do on different topics. for our audience, we welcome your participation. you can use on-line communication if you like or the regular telephone. our phone lines are on the screen, and we welcome your comment. you can also tweet us, send us an e-mail, if you dare. how did you get interested in this topic?

>> someone suggested that facebook has 845 million members, which makes it the third largest nation in the world after india and china. i thought, well, what are its politics? it turns out it has its own currency, relationships with other nations. it is like a country. rather than being a sort of friendly place it often makes decisions that are problematic. initially when people join facebook they were told everything you say will be private and will only be shown to friends. in 2009 facebook made people public. pictures and names were accessible. it turned out there were critics of the iranian government who have friends in tehran or relatives. by just making their pictures public those people were beat up and arrested.

so here you had a social network that had a tremendous impact financially, physically on people. they were like a wild west without any governing rules. i got involved, 2,205th anniversary of the u.s. constitution, trying to say what should be the constitution for social networks. >> are there other people thinking about this? is there an emerging consensus that there ought to be a set of governing rules and i would guess that would have to stress on borders? >> and that's a tough thing, although it's actually the u.s. that has the lowest level of protection. so if you're in europe you have a right to know what information companies have about you. a law student wrote to facebook and said, what information had collected on me. it turns out they sent him a cd-rom with 1500 pds of everything he ever posted and liked and all that information, even when he deleted it. in europe you have rights to

challenge. so tonight insurance because i did a google search for hand terrorist but i couldn't get it for an all or friend. my medical condition. elsewhere you can challenge and correct information. there is an emerging consensus on the white house recently suggesting we need an online bill of rights. judges unfamiliar with the technology have erroneously set to lose any privacy on an affirmative keystroke. think how crazy that is. you can even apply for a job or make an appointment with my doctor without killing online. we need to have the same protections on line as we do off >> let's take our first telephone call. brian in chicago. welcome to the conversation on social media and privacy.

are you there? >> yes, ma'am. >> you're on the air. >> hello. the day. i enjoyed reading your book. >> thank you. >> do you have a question? turn your television volume down. speak up please. >> okay. i want to know why this whole thing about people losing jobs, being fired from jobs where things totally unrelated to how well they perform their job, why hasn't this spurred action as far as giving people more rights in the workplace where innocence and proof of guilt obviously does not apply? >> sure. that's an important question. one-third of employers say they fire people for having a drink in their hand, even just an innocent one class at a wedding. the most recent trend is for employers to ask for your

private password. to get into bed, we are seeing some changes. ..

privacy is important. free speech is important, and yet you have high school kid being expelled because they didn't like a class or coach on their or coach nine bair myspace page.e-year-old in one case sexy defendant in court on facebook and told her how to plead. in other case -- people are so used to asking their friends for advice about everythingful the woman actually posted the facts

of the criminal case, asking her friends to vote up or down whether to fry this guy. so we need to decide what is important to us, and if legislators kept that in mind, they could make a big difference. >> host: this is the book we're talking about. the title "i know who you are and saw what you did." we're taking calls. >> caller: my question is kind of off the wall but i don't belong to facebook, but how does -- can i still get the information on me that is undesirable or credit unworthy or anything like that? >> host: i guess his question is, is anybody safe? or is everyone vulnerable? >> guest: well, if you use that computer at all, if you use the internet you're at risk.

so if you. >> host: if you charge with a credit card. >> guest: but here's some interesting things. dictionary.com, which every author loves, puts 233 tracking mechanisms on your computer to collect information where you go on the web. so, it knows what sites you're looking at. you know, or if you buy a book on amazon or make a travel reservation on an airline so if you use the web for any reason, information is collected on you. there was a big lawsuit in california because one data aggregator actually convinced internet service providers to put hard wear at their offices that allowed that aggregator to collect everything single thing people send over the internet, whether it's "skype" calls or e-mails or credit card numbers, and so really is vulnerable if you use the web at all, and i have some tips in the book about

ways to search more in a private mode or to be sure to close out your facebook page before going to someplace else, but google collects information like location information on your droid phone even when you have your gps turned off. and i don't know if you followed it but there was a recent supreme court case whether the cops could put gps on your car, and surprisingly it was 9-0 that people had a privacy right not to be tracked because even just the gps location, which anybody with a smartphone is giving up as the move around the world, that can help enormously private things about you whether you have gone to a synagogue or church or aids clinic or if you're at a location of a competitor for your employer. so even something where you are can show something that could be

used against you. the old max jim by people used to be, i don't do anything wrong so i don't have anything to worry about. what you're suggesting is the most everyday things can look nefarious,. >> guest: the most everyday thing. so one woman was in a workplace injury. she had to go through four spinal injuries, pins in her neck, and when she sued, in a legitimate suit, the judge included into evidence anything on her myspace page or facebook page, and the judge said, she is smiling. she couldn't possibly be harmed. so, who would think that a smiling photo that maybe was taken before the accident, would come back to haunt her. or in los angeles, where we are now, the penalties for young people can be enhanced if they're wearing gang colors on the facebook page. what's a gang color?

i looked up the l.a.p.d. rules and it's plaid. i have a 23-year-old son and he wears plaid all the time, or all black, and think new york art opening, and a picture of yourself in a plaid shirt might give you five more years. >> host: next up, a call from laura in arkansas. >> caller: hi. i appreciate your time. i find you're very eloquent and highly knowledgeable. my question has to do with the u.s.a. patriots act, which literal databases people nationally for any crimes or alleged mental illness, and then you mention the no privacy for an affirmative key stroke. of course you're familiar with echelon, the protocol that was crafted many years back to capture all of the keystrokes, particularly using terms like

osama bin laden or other link terms, and of course, now all of our cell phones are linked in also with this protocol with the u.s.a. patriots act. >> guest: there is an issue with the patriots act because it does allow the government to go to google or facebook and get private information, and google and facebook doesn't have to inform the individual. it is interesting, i did look at homeland security list of 350 terms they find problematic if you use them in an e-mail and it's funny because they include terms like pork and vaccine and the term social media itself, and they also include the term organized crime. and you know that people involved in organized crimes aren't saying e-mail saying, love tony, organized crimes. so some of the monitoring mechanisms probably ant even effective. but we do have to admit there

are just also huge benefits one can get from social media. if you look at the arab spring and what was accomplished through twitter and facebook and look at things like "patients like me" people who have rare diseases and want to share symptoms so we have to find a way to protect it because "patients like me" one of the dataing a aggregatedot ares was collectingings in. but this is a wonderful way -- something that our founding fathers would have loved you could express yourself so freely and get an audience to at it really about making sure that we have some protections there. they're not doing away with them entirely. >> host: do we know yet how

effective do not track software will be for protecting privacy? >> guest: the digital advertising announced they were going to have a do not track mechanism. but it turns out it actually still is going to collect data. so, they're using -- it's a misnomer. they're using a term that we're familiar with, like the do not call list, and we think we're not going to be tracked. they're still going to collect the information. they're just not going to target the ads so finely it freaks you out, like when you write to your friend and say i'm thinking of divorcing my husband, and you have ten divorce lawyers in an ad, and there have been problems with that. so, google admitted in 2010 that when young people said, i think i'm going to commit suicide using x chemical, an ad would papp that would say, call 1-800, two for one this chemical. so what the do not track being proposed by the advertisers would do, would be to still

track the information but would not -- be a little more careful about the ad exhibited. so i really want an absolute do not track where you have to opt in if you want to be followed rather than having to figure out what company is tracking you and go there and opt out. >> host: next call from paul in florida. >> caller: my question is, why don't people take these losses they endure through the facebook to a civil court and get relief that way? anything that prevents that? >> guest: sure. some have tried. and what has happened is that there are protections for people under the wire tap statute. so if the data aggregators are pointing things on your computer you think you would be

protected, but the civil courts have said you don't have a protection as long as one side has given consent. and so if the web site has given consent to the invasion of your personal privacy, like if dictionary.com says, oh, it's okay for 200 companies to track me, when i use their site, then i don't have a right to contest that. so the civil courts have not been protective enough of privacy, and we need to really get judges to think more about these technologies. >> host: our next call is from whittier, california, jerry. welcome to book tv. jackie in galveston, texas. >> caller: hello? >> host: jackie go ahead, please. >> guest: hi, jackie. >> caller: i i'm really -- i pay my bills with the mail and i fay

with a checkbook. how safe to use intermet to pay your bills and do banking? >> guest: you know, it's -- i don't do it. so that may say something. usually that's a much more secure web site but it's very funny. right now there's a scam going on, a you can man moves into an apartment building and he friended everybody in the building, and so what he did was he went on -- randomly went on bank sites in the area and put in that person's name and put, forgot passwood, and once he got the security question, like what's your dog's name, he knew from their facebook pages what their puppy's name was and was actually able to rob a lot of people of money who lived in his apartment building by using their online banking and having money transferred into this can't. a young college student when sarah palin was governor, broke into her e-mail account and published her password on the

web by resetting the password by, where did your husband meet, and went to the social media to reset the questions. so banks and financial institutions have to protect you in a big way, much more so than does the online site of a -- oh, a magazine publisher, for example. but still, there have been these scams. so think about it when you design your security questions for online banking and that would make it even more protective. >> next is jackie, galveston, texas. we just did jackie. let's go on to randy in pennsylvania. go ahead, randy. randy, are you there? >> caller: yeah. >> host: you're on. good ahead.

>> i'd like to make a comment. the ted kaczynski, the "unabomber," his manifesto is just like what she wrote in this book. >> guest: i think there's a difference between someone who is really protesting any technology, because i've taken a much different position, which is there are so many benefits from this that we just want to go against the narrowess set of harms. i don't think that anybody thinks you should be kicked out of high school for saying you didn't like a particular class, or that you should be -- lose your job over having a wine glass in your hand in a wedding picture, so all i'm saying, our automobile rights should be the same at our offline rights and that's not the case. through some quirk we're less protected on the web. so, actually, as someone who previously worked in the area of genetics, and i chaired the

federal budget commission on the human genome project, so i was warned i could be targeted with others involved by the "unabomber" at the time, and one of the people who was close to me in that process actually was a target. so i take seriously and totally distinguished that sort of concern about all technologies and where we're going, but with my position, which is they're great but how that's being used against us in an unexpected way. >> host: just to take this conversation a different direction in this book you tell us the u.s. military in february of 2010, embraced social metworking in a big way. tell me how. >> guest: it's stunning. you think that you could understand why the military might have the position, they don't want people in the middle of combat going on their facebook pages. a lot of other things to do but

recently they started allowing people to use iphones and smart phones in part because military equipment wasn't functioning unless you use the app. so some weapons you needed to use an iphone app so there's isniper and other things to help your equipment, and the soldiers were so upset about being off my face and casebook, they can now from the middle of battle go on social network and the military is flying in blimps with wireless networks, putting them on tanks. i find it extraordinary. and in one instance, an israeli defense soldier actually posted on his facebook page where they were going to bomb the next day. well, you don't want your soldiers doing that because the enemy then knows and can take -- so he was court-martials. but jason valdez was the -- the

priests were coming to arrest him in utah. he took a hostage and he posted a picture on the facebook page. cute hostage, huh? and while the s.w.a.t. teams were coming in, he friended 15 people in the middle of a gunfight battle. so we up think we can multitask but do we want our soldiers, cops, judges, deciding whether to go to jail or not, tweeting or being on face bill. >> host: staying with the military and the geo locating lf the various social networks, how does the military keep soldiers safe, their location safe? >> guest: i think there's this belief that we're ahead of the technology game so there are app that purport to tell you whether people in the location are friends or enemies, but you can see how easily that could be

used. all you need to do is capture one american phone and it could be used against us. and so there isn't a good strategy for not having location information readily available, and we have seen where people then take photos, videos, of crimes against the enemy, that go beyond mere warfare, desecration of bodies and so forth. and so it's really troubling to figure out what the limits should be on military use. >> host: our next call for our guest is from michael in prescott, arizona, michael you're on. >> caller: thanks. susan. you're great. i want to take off from the lady from arkansas. she was saying that the patriot act, and i -- those are big nsa building in utah that they just built, and hank johnson, from

georgia, was asking an nsa director, whatever, in hearings, do they collect information on american citizens and he was like, no, we don't, no, we don't, no, we don't. what is he doing with the data when they get information, they can go get it? is that -- what is this thing? it's doing something. right? thank you. >> host: i've heard of similar discussion and operative word is collection as opposed to. >> guest: use. yes. and so, i read the most amazing thing recently where the cia said they're so excited that more and more household appliances that have energy savings actually docketed the internet, and so someone said we can use your dish washer to spy on you. there's -- you know, we do have certain protections in place about government use, that actually are more stringent than

data aggregators' use of our information. but orbit we're all carrying around smartphones with video capability, microphone capability, i think about pennsylvania where a wealthy school district gave laptops to all high school students, and without telling them of their parents that the web cam could be enabled from the school, it turned out the computer department at the school, the technology people, were taking photos through the web cam without people's knowledge. so they took tens of thousands of photos of students, and where do students have their laptops open in their in their bedroom, coming out of the shower, they're half dressed. so one thing people don't take into consideration what are the surveillance capability office their own technologies they use. so there's a potential for collecting more and more information about u.s. citizens, among others, but there actually

are more restraints in place for government collection than for companies that collect. >> host: brent in tucson. you're on. >> caller: yes. how effective is it to go into your browser and, if you're able find out these outfits that are tracking you, like net clicks or whatever, for marketing purposes, and then you put their web address in as something to be on the list to be blocked, is that effective and are there any practical hands-on pointers to make that strategy at least a little more effective? albeit in a limited way. >> guest: i think you're right. there are things available, like searching in incognito mode, where the information on your web searches are not kept. some of the opt-out things, as you just talked about, actually do work. the federal trade commission is

investigating others, because one company had an opt out so people bought -- clicked that do not track button, opted out, and that company didn't mention it only opted them out for ten days and put them back in. so we do have at least one government agency, the federal trade commission, trying to be a watch dog on this, but those are all good tips, and if you're on a facebook page, close it out before you do other things because otherwise facebook can collect other things you're doing on the web. >> host: next is charlotte in north carolina. i. >> caller: i was calling in regard to facebook and twitter, and it says after 30 days my account would be deleted but it hasn't been, and i tried to look up the facebook of one of my childrens, it says welcome to me.

how do you do that? and make sure that they're not tracking you? i learned of -- they were telling my friends what i was reading, and i do not want to know what my friends were reading. thank you. >> guest: yes. yes. >> host: that's part of one of the new features of facebook, social readers. >> guest: yeah. and also the like button has been an issue. surprisingly when you join facebook, they say they have a license to use your image and name in ads, and so there are issues. so, you do be out and only seeing your children's pages if they are public. so a lot of people can see other people's pages. and it's turned out that even though when you delete or opt out of facebook, they keep the information even though you have

taken you're page down, and surprisingly for 18 and 21-year-olds looking for jobs, sometimes thing -- i will just delete my facebook page. amazing through there are companies, one called social intelligence, that keeps the last seven years worth of public facebook pages and markets that information to employers. i don't know why there's particular glitch in yours but it. >> host: it is possible to go dark? >> guest: it is possible to at least have what is currently available about you not visible, even though the previous information will be kept by facebook. >> host: we have five minutes left with our guest. the book is this. i. i i know who you are and i saw what you did. lori anders well by on a panel session, and so we'll see her later on as part of a three-person panel. our next call is from lee in

ashville, north carolina. >> my question is how do they continue to identify you? use our i.p. address or your mac address on your computer? >> guest: well, that is such an important question, about how one can be identified on the web. president obama's plan to protect us only protects our personally identifying information, like our name and our i.p. address, and those are some ways we can be tracked. also, think about -- like for me, how many other people are doing google maps that start at the same point as my home. so you don't need my name or i. been address to connect that with medication i look up or thinks i buy. so sometimes it's just there's enough information about you, if you ran a genealogy web site and looking for people with the same last name, they don't need your i.p. address or name in order to be able to track you. but i do think there's lots we can do about it. i think we have enough people

who are now interested in this issue where we can assure things like privacy and freedom of speech and right to fair trial to be applied in social networks, and i think people just didn't realize initially how much was going on behind the scenes. >> host: wouldn't it be great to have answer app to wipe your slate clean. >> guest: in europe they're think can about that, delete, and a congressmann wants that for teens who are tracked. we hear life begins at 40 but it could be over at 14 if you say you like a violent video game. so he's thinking of a forget me button and that's currently on the legislative agenda in europe. >> host: joseph in san diego, you're on. >> caller: hello. i have a question. i think you may be a little overlargist. i see your points. we guess facebook for fees, gmail for a free, google maps

and people are trading privacy for convince, and then they don't like it after the fact they're calling foul, and i feel you can't really have it both ways. >> host: joseph's question for you. do you believe there is enough education for the public so when you are willingly traded and you understand the consequences of that trade? >> caller: well, maybe not minors understand that but the buyer has to be aware. i mean, you have to take personal responsibility for their actions. >> host: thanks for the call. >> guest: there is a area where we have responsibility and people are beginning to learn don't post drunken photos of yourself, but initially facebook said it would never give this information to third parties so they broke their end of the deal, and frankly, facebook -- it isn't for free. it's using my personal information i could get fired

on. that's a cost to me and right now facebook makes $4 per person. i would gladly give them $4 a year or $10 a year, which is what they make on selling the data, to get it in a private protected way, and other web sites i go to, like i mentioned dictionary.com, they don't tell me that they're putting 233 tracking mechanisms on my computer. so, then we have this whole issue whether people read the terms of service. so, one game company, in their terms of service said, you give us your immortal soul, and 88% of people gave up their immortal soul so think got it -- i tried to download a free book and i had to agree to 42 pages at the apple store so i said, forget it. i don't have time to read all this. and we would never, never say, with other important rights,

yes, a company can make you give it up, even to get a free thing. i'm sure people would give up their right to vote, right to have children, to get a free something, and we just don't do that. we don't make people make those bargains. >> oo well, we're out of time, the. >> we'll come aboard. i am captain rick. >> of the book on motion published 1632 the book was angry galileo broke the promise they joined together

but this is a copy that contains his own handwriting. and this is the month leading up to his trial.