ne cac is . university of missouri's collections, the story behind ancient babylonian clay tablets. .. saturday at noon and sunday at 5:00 eastern on c-span2 and 3. you are watching booktv. om jon rntmitee wldear avrs tpan the $25,000 contest to be the first to fly nonstop across the

atlantic in 1927. the event culminated in the death of six pilot that was won e ri souac ldbergh who guided i hour and 20 minutes. [applause] >> thank you for having me here and make you for coming out here spat oer pcen manhattan today. this and the time in manhattan were the first time i had ever given a talk with power point. i will try not to blow anything up. rweasily.eow tsh this is my seventh book and whenever i start a new book is from an idea. when i started thinking about this book it was , thijsu oican

ers t of lk in the press and magazines about tv about whether or not the united states was the most competitive culture on earth. i was fascinated bat and woedut0t urbitacd w i fixed on this prize i discovered the story was really about something else than competition. turned into a story of br rdtthainrd rivalsn the race like to call it. these days celebrities and being number one go hand in hand so i found writing is book doubly en itaoeseath bohe n way can escape charles lindbergh, but i wanted to write about the losers.

everybody has always wrien eala d fmhecamknowhe orervech the way we do it in the united states but they have forgotten all of the others. from september of 1926 to june of 17, 16 aats tehis race and six of them died. not quite 50%. they were seeking a $25,000 prize offered by new york hotel rsia tlyossheir la nopm yo to paris either way. he first offered the prize in 1919 and i will tell you why. he got a eit w a frmad romantically

excited about the airplane. but the technology to make such a flight was not really 25rty ble to yersnt4, what is even more interesting is after the official race ended somethineven stranger and deadlier began. fromune to decber t yelexpncils trto dlite crles lindbergh's feet and all failed. they either crashed or didn't get off the ground or they died. during that six months period 12 more pilots died in the attempt to css ttltic my tho moeothhaied trying to cross other large bodies of water but those who

tried to cross the la, tg rohat wen jasabn the air as men. it made sense to me as i was writing this and make general sense that this would happen when and how itid thnly no for a long distance flights, a 33 hour, 3600 mile flight had come with the development of powerful new air cooled engines. if you evego int aarea whtharlo es y tse nearound. the engines that look like octopi with all the arms radiating out of them. they are very powerful. there was also a prevalent belief at e time ttace,hat a kind of

wind utopia would evolve. the idea was that because confidents would be more quickly linked, people would get to know a eanoorearereld e ao belief that man will evolve in 3,000 years, cities would float in the air and man wouldn't live inhe sewldisd atmphere. fin raed sp aanou b more spiritual and a new breed of homo saens will evolve called altitude men. more than that as i was researchinthe book i began t e celebrity culture about which we are so inundated today really started to take place during this time and especially during

this race. 267 had the . establishment of two national radio networks, nbc and cbs filling the airwaves with information. you had an elosion of the erreormas be yo had movies and in 1927 the talking movies. charles lindbergh, one reason he would become so well known is he was the most filndivua ha it was estimated that 7.43 million feet of celluloid was used on charles lindbergh which two million feet more indidualho t pncofy most films s. people were fascinated by all of

these especially charles lindbergh. the idea o celebrity of these celebrities, of person of r st isime was tinpl wa the great gossip columnist and broadcaster understood instincvely that fame had become the heart of a daily conversation with the didn't understand what the w was a mor cont cosa. aleetotheuc for the people who were conversing though not necessarily for the subjects of the conversation. but no one really knew what the langge was. no one knew whathe gramma oneat rf in the mid 1920s two events that occurred that clarify the rules of celebrity for the writer and broadcaster anwe can still see the pattern todayn r

brenro thveccred 1925. there was this little unknown kentucky speed mucker by the name of floydollins that went down into aave af aound keky gtu a f tht eek's newspapers covered the attempt to tried to save him. there were several wire agencies that flashed news of his rescue at aveenid e n aut floyd collins. during intermissions in place at broadway the management would give updates on what was going siy jal li a lo btheaha thade grabbed a reader's interest and hold it over the course of a long

sustained tale. this was a story of life and death. rihewo weeks that this llyha occurred, at first there were hundreds of people lying along the road leading to where this was ande ousas e0, so they knew something was going on. later they understood that what they had done was to sustain is tale by creatg a ophae ermeto know. they were often very simplified and to a ctain extent they were stereotypical but every time we wrote about these opboheicald

i will give you some examples. the characters in the floyd collins story, there was floyd collins. with aever. d d hit w i it did not he believed his faith in god would take him to heaven. there was one reporter who was able to go down the shaft every da tinterview collins, bring him water, food, a little light. like a stripped copper wire. uilespme was skeet milleof t he small like a cedar. the narrative was that he finds

his humanity. he is a cynical reporter going down to interview this y ery er t ndin h hany. t mbisambuhe is presented as a hard drinking mountaineer. there is the mother who is presented as a hard-working mountain womanhose back s, quote, ben fmeh th e f clins's girlfriend who supposedly waited at the entrance to t shaft and his loyal dog who waited for him at the entrance the ce. erdad t dog's name was cody. there's a lot of editing that goes on. ndh'igvee great event was nda otuy will

be the 85th anniversary. suddenly the press for the participants in hero worship and once again took everybody by rpse btiheey btok t stlimple this was a race with winners and losers and as the body count piled up, as more people died it transformed from a simple race to something more personal a eca oli a death. journalists by then that learned and remembered their lessons with floyd collins and framed the rivals as people that we knew. kthheotabiven be them. there was assad -- there is lindbergh. he was the dark horse, the outsider. there was richard bird who was

the sentist and explorer gu be thwadavis, a fellow who had ridden the range, in mormon from utah who had ridden the range as a cowboy with math books in his saddlebags. asse amo t ifo of we ong moral purpose. he was going to bring back american flight records to where it does serve. friendships stolen from . e t co tou anel tad o the air. he was the dark lever. he was the reckless ladies' ma barn stores and flys were like theyeftcdr hi and they were like.

charles noneguesser and his colleagues were the only frenchn toom errontic and was the glamorous night of the air. he had flown in a couple hollywood movie is one of which would not be released until wasan tse in th pes ey were presented. the story lines were very simple. because of that they became invested with the hopes and dreams of millns and their ors anfailes b gor rem at this time lindbergh was not ordained to win, not at all. he showed up week before he took off. the other flyers had been

ved to soeasewadhim ne thwaloovage about lindbergh and he was young and this was a young age, the jazz age so people went nuts about him but every one of the flye at one ti or the other erone of the fires the press speculated would be the one that won. oho a time at he was any better. if anything he wated t hoo advtaf t crashes and fatal mistakes and took his chance when the moment

prested itself. let's talk about the characters all little bit. this is wherehs bl. this is raymond orteig. orteig w french expatriate hotel owner in new york to put wn the $ p soeoas h mh would translate today and i have seen figures of 350,000. however it was clearly understood that whoever was first to cross the atlantic in tioheeipr on i fact within a couple years after winning the race, lindbergh was h $1 million g l of oer wcho make more than

tu d from film studios and they were calculated as being worth $5 million but he turned those down after he twspanannd h was very young his grandmother -- said go to the united states and see what you can . he becamet first wteat thfae oshon square in new york. and ten years he rose to the point where he bought the cafe and its adjoining hotel and with a partner he owned two hotels in yo onot l fet and the hotel before --breort which

had best wine cellar before e l yewaion. ce new york. everybody went there. orteig during world war i the hotel lafayette was the preferred place to stay for french military men and flys es d or training or whenever and they came and told stories about fing ants he was always homesick about his country and he rememberethat dedeante t w was over he was homesick and he missed that. he was nostalgia. in 191 he hosted a dr f

80 rickinback, the premier woed world war i age. enlyan american fires and i hope are two great countries will be united in the air not through war but through peace. orte was so inspedy that tnihetoman joheerclub of america, a sponsoring club for the dinner and he wrote a letter saying i hope -- im going to donate $25,0 fohipr w w tri paris to in new york.

the 3600 mile tr. he did not know at the timehe 00asnigh quap there had been an emergency he would have been submitting his own throat but he only realized that long afterwards. most of the flyers, aut te s iloisland. where is the roosevelt mall? that way? watcanwas a natural airfield. roosevelt island was hempstead plains, the only naturally occurring prairie east of the alleghens. it waslat. ree re e sasstspongy.

the undercarriages of the plants were delicate. you land on them and had t when the story takes place there re three airfield right next to each other on hempstead plains. alvalepre curtis field, mitchelt yers. roosevelt was the best kept and the onehe e said that he was going to be the winner in the orteig prize. he was the greatesliving ace

from world wi. he 7 oics . thd n mout hat iv. fanque was the ace of aces. il a plane thinking of entering the orteig prize and presented himself and said i want to do this. fams as he was the pesnego wsk known for the helicopters developed but at the same time he built really big planes. russia.er sky was the bigain he built bombers that had

observation decks to look at the clouds andhe only one of them -- they were so massive that only one was shot down by the geans gny h unerio and went to paris. a lot of airplane designers came to the united states. erico-pilot and a french radio man and a russian mechanic and it was felt that h flight was a sure thing. h nrs and g offhe ground and bumped up over this giant hill that separated roosevelt field from is fields a the pne

diegdnt es thssmechanic and the french radio man died. fanque said he would try again but he had lost. he was the loser a nobody really trustedim and so he r second try. enoughon immediately after the crash all of these americans started to think about how i can do this too. the first peon to start thking rha 926 had flown over the north pole. he claimed he was the first person to fly over the north pole. today that is generally disputed. is believed today that he probabell srt pe w a grind think that he was lying. those who are a little more

unbiased seem to think -- he was always known as a navigator but heasn't a verynato d urackefore he was actually over the north pole and when he finally figured it out he had been awarded the congressional medal of honor and his ima depending on this so cldn'backth t. is shown with president coolid and floyd bennett who floyd bennett field was named after and that was one of the most respected flyers with ce yt he tried to do. the guide to theid

. hath to do with aviaon. the owner othe wanake demeton f to byrd data dinner honoring him by will give you $100,000 if you will build a plane a be the first to cross thetlantic. iera it mt all american made and it will be in the name of science. purely in the name of science. byrd couldn't bk out. wasn't reported in the presst fst. it was kepirecor a wh byrd's designer was anthony fokker who had built the red

baron's plane and built byrd's plane that flew over the north le. ittaudde or. fipe w ror to f. the first person who actually officially entered was an old davis --k h itheoro oy hetho de the range as the young man. utah had four openings to annapolis so he decided to get it to a analyst. he iearer t war, many board young navy officers decided to beme pilots. the first plane thatas la-- f r

qu ahile. many people thought the odds of byrd and davis were about equal. anin vginibeh,in fibeanhanson, virginia was langley field, very heavy plane could not lift off and he crashed andhey were ll thurni pnt of this race, when byrd -- when lindbergh showed a. the race became more serious, the changed tenor cplel davis and stanton died. and the russian mechanic died

before this, they were not part of a smallldf american fliers. people started losing friends at this point and at that point the cloud began to defend -- they senate a sse ed h o a lot of these flyers. [inaudible] >> i talk a l me a onieanhe th ionofhe biggest bombers in the united states. it was built by the house, and company --huska land co ty d build it.

it was a three engine plane. another plane like byrd's plane was. okay. the next two pplth bucoheurta and lance chaerlain. a kind of tall dark guy, a movie star. he was a lady's man of the a clcehalaas exopte he s leaders little he was shy, he wore those pants that golfers war in the 1920s or bow tie, he was un a piloty as a pilot can be.

the fellow who loane pneatmb are fl icobelieve chamberlain could fit the image of ailot, world-class pilot as rsrscrthlato crossac. wobeor celebrity bigger than chaplain or douglas fairbanks. the biggest pers in the world. he was right. for the time. alnyfenailre werot ths it about them. there were barnes corners but they were showman. there were lots of military pilots but the idea of someone who made a living as a pi astpiw nehots, that was unusual that these two did that

at the time. ey were rarities'. there was lindbergh. this was takenhen he was getting his wings, his career as an airmail flyer. he was not well known at the time. flew afgettg h wgs ex restarted as a barnstormers. the new barnes corners didn't live long. not a great future. he became an army aviator and joined the air mail and fl tirt. lo tchago night he thought to himself i can do that myself. like everybody else he thought fanque was going to win but that he tught if i can stay away

arm pit, i fly alone and keep the weight down i have enough gas to make it across. his theory of how to dit was different from all t oth tsth t that is his plane, the "spirit of st. louis" when he landed a week before taking off. ths photo of lindbergh shaking hands in front of the "spirit of st. louis" with byrd in between. lindbergh was quite tall. his nickname was slim. not sure hwathe younge fin fi. there was a norwegian flyer too who may have been as young.

obviously he towered over everybody else and when his planwas delede ed to make sure he had plenty of weight room. didn't want to be cramped. this is charles nungesser. he and his co-pilot were both world war i aces er reh,hewere loved as much as lindbergh -- loved as much by the french as lindbergh would be by the americans and when nungesser iow he with his a americ wife. she is the american hat mar. hemoth married one of he descer oth

ieavhe millions and she married again to the personal secretary of cornelius vanderbilt. vaerbiltas hfa hastaco society. she was studying over in france when she met this dashing young aviator nungesser and married him but her father fought the all flyers were dieputable and said if you don't get ts rr annulleicuof tnd dot o to be without money so she did as dad said but they have a plan. nungesser said that he wouldin and he would land at t base of th stu lt thesd r lan water. he had his medals with him. they were down to about here.

he was going to stand in the cockpit, put on his mettl- t tnee bahe inr aneou be waiting for him at the battery and they would see each other and ey would never be separated again because nungser rightly presumed to ever was fo os nt wld me lindbergh did. all evidence -- he disappeared. the plain, the white bird disappeared. all evidence points to the fact thatwadeheir crthla a dieasoere between newfoundland and nova scotia. the best evidence seems to suggest that he perhaps was shot down by a rum runner. th wrobi ts ueunssas

aictim of natural forces. he was the victim of america prohibition. chamberlain once aga. o o tolumbia, his plane, charles levine, he owned this block, theoluma, ndh te it and always painted levine as a duplicitous man. in fact he more or less painted him as aupjew with in his "spirit of st. louis". he felt better that he had the

columbia within his grasp and libyan jerked awevine jerked aw minu. cmberlain and levine -- bewecrs mbin line went across in june. they went to berlin, farther than lindbergh had and levine was the only flyer who did not omviolaetterf cmeatn oo a fit about that. that is levine, the villain of the set piece. many call him a madman because heas always changing hind bebun mas h s mo like lindbergh of

any of the flyers. wamg t ncomrtable in so he was a fascinating character. the last to go over was byrd's cr. the presumptiveinr he r. pein uhe are burke acosta. there had bennett crash that injured floyd bennett so they had to change the crew lis actaece e ot was the radio operator. balkan was a norwegian who could fly by instruments, by compass,

something th of eth f 30 hours in a fog and crashed off of theestern coast offr edeheraut frul through late june until december all of these people wanted to duplicate lindbergh's flight and a number onlma survive was ruth elder, got as big a reception when she arrived in new york as lindbergh did. she was young and accessible and . ir sas tbe tu ohe a hband

back home. the papers went absolutely nuts about her. she wa raised for in alabama.e florida while lindbergh was making his flight. while that was going on she decided a from manhattan do ts y not one in? heaswotlit stct bt type of airplane that looked a lot like the "spirit of st. louis before it -- detroiter. if an ameca boyan he ameran rl? she went aloft. she made it as far as the azores en she crashed. sheraedns toran

er they saved her. perhaps more than any of the other flyers she understood the new world of celebrity because she id earlyn yby s ssoi tbe m w famous. they're going to make money and be famous. i don't want to go back to the life of a dental hygienist in florida. what should guide do this? this is my way out. at ifascinating is when you l of these letters to these fliers from men and women saying take me along. the most point -- the most ig wfrwo thwae lter om wovechen five had died. there was one woman who long

burgers in philadelphia and offered to bring food. therbalyd m sawfly as theirt. isy yut. celebrity is my way out. she crashed -- let me back a little bit. when s was in new york she was a huge success. see that ribbon around h ha ev ldit ce ribbon around her hair. those were called ruth ribbons. all the clothing stores carried ruth ribbons and all the girls in new york wharves roof ribbons. it was hug f shea crashed b crashed but she viable for. she became a broadway star.

she did better than her home in ndfla.s inlaba for shewt wa and went after it. she understood and mapulated the rules of celebrity more than anyone else did. anqu wve-- paspe into the microphone when you ask a question. n'ttangin asheirf lo the first closed cockpit aircraft as far as the planes in the competition? did it have heating?

>> it didn't haveating. th wldavedd wgh. it was -- note. the columbia chamberlain's was a close cockpit. the hole lead planeswe leinan t columbia and the "spirit of st. louis". let me see. byrd's plane was about half close. the canopy wt uha w is on. >>y had the side doors. >> lindbergh could look out the side of his window and hd a leis, scso held r if

him. that is the way he flu anyway. he didn't really need glass in the front or anything. he had a gas t ithon >> any parallels between lindbergh and neil armstrong? >> it is interesting. you know who lindbergh really ios teiartr but mike collins est. up in the capsule alone. collins -- when he was director of the air and space museum -- ereas aet o lindbergh, the 50th anniversary, lindbergh was alone looking at the "spirit of st. louis" up

there and colls watchedim and then lindbergh cameo h hedal t on you the most, being alone. the science. yth questions?eally lu yes? >> i still feel today thate still loveur airmen. these wonderful stories bngo sne -puthsh don e teofenrb sullenrberger -- >> he is a consultant for cbs.

he is revered. is not as overt as it used to be. what we will probably see, the to have aclost is when we start wee arouts crs bue p in space exploration is private industry for. they are probably going to be these daredevils space pilots somewhere downhee.ag w you. >> your research as a librarian, how did you do this wonderful research? >> i went to a lot of archives. the biggest werthe ndbe ptrygnd then the byrd collected letters and everything and the polar research institute i ohio state. some ofhese guyis

em cld fd. i also flew a crop duster to get a feel for these planes and how bumpy the air felt. i spent a lot of time. lo letters and papers are in the library of congress or the air and space museum. the library of congress manuscript division is fellow right down here. >> okay. fir question. person who ostensibly was tried for the kidnapping of the

lindbergh baby. >> most of theook is about the couc oelebnd -er of these flyers except chamberlain, fame did not eat them well. lindbergh's fall from grace was the most publicndhe mosllwn ppoimas the kidnapping. i don't spend a lot of time on that because that is book in its self. >> it was never 100% written in stone that he pso resible. the other thing was the mention the archives in st. louis. lindbergh in jersey. >> there are several lindbergh archives. the one that has erythion

thanansis he state storical society because basically he came out of st. louis funded by the st. louis business me d le sending him poems and paintings and finally st. louis opened this museum with all of his junk and it became a pimalaorrydy o hindh. thais the place to go for lindbergh information. if you want to go -- if you want to find about childhood you go to the historical society of yan tou his -- what got himnto trouble and got him labeled and

atoue pew e you go to yale wher. my story. i went to st. louis. >> many years ago free alex throwback, jeopardy the first time aund as f chon ouen asked was who was the 20 eighth person to fly across the atlantic. i set lindbergh. that is right. >>e alolo itas nonstop. lindbergh was not the first to cross the atlantic. theiwork two english flyers in 1919 named al qaeda and brown and --alcott rnd y

won an award -- a lot of money at the time. a publicity stunt for his two newspapers. they flew -- the airplanes we chheut t flew from newfoundland to ireland -- they flew 1,000 mes. it was like theirs waa wld r i . and so they were the first to actually make it across but you are talking about -- this is a us 1,000 plus mile flight for alcott and brown. allotted the mechanics of

publicity. in 1927 you had movies a radio and newspapers and photographs and millions of lindbergh songs and -- lindbeghnd thertg e etn aet for this kind of fascination and world adulation. somody else? yes? >> you spoke about ruth elder. theegni yd tre we numr crossed the atlantic. could you say something more about them? >> there was an english woman who was royalty who flew across fr england for trying to make it to the united e kn the flying

princess. you have to remember when i start rearching a new book the old detail start to go away so the r wll faatwa tf wow on w a new yorker named francis grayson. she tried to fly across in december and everybody was ins uida arngbe dead and she wouldn't listen and she had several the revolts within her crew and theayheefshe g t newfoundland and fly across. the day that she left a reporter saw her slip a gun into her

purse or backpack or something taoraid authority and she changed the subject. i don't think she killed everybody on board. i don't think that happened but was competi at e se me as rh elr. once again the mechanics of publicity are going on here. she was in her 30s. she was not unattractiveut s stn. e was kind of scary to the press. ruth had movie star good looks and she was sweet and talked to everybody and all the girls i w l goerayhrouhchm. there was this moment when the

odor of roosevelt field closed down roosevelt field because of worries that she was going to die. got the owner of rooseve field ale angot it reopeed shult hay b charm. ruth elder -- francis grayson moved her base before ruth elder ei ctmver e took off and crashea da before christmas eve, disappeared. [inaudible] >> weight, wait we cannot be exmpan outi i t the and the fokker.

'riakaift ce ad a fight with people who took over his mpany. >mpoi mention it because i was t la guardia airport. u.s. airyslight 5crhed lush bay after taking off. it was snowing. >> the french plane that disappeared on the way ilce. pl ati -talking about la guardia, makes me think, i still think planes are considered glamorous. when i flew in yesterdathe ta w pte at stood alone in a circle of light

and painted oe se trump. i had gotten on the trump frances. and exercise in excess. i wondered if his plane was the same. e bghthru p -- ged-- i was on it. >> somebody wants to ask a okay.ion. >mpodid you get ancelk to charles lindbergh's grandson eric, ten years ago were so he did a flight over the atlantic in a single-eine. >mpoi didn't get to taanc to hi.

htec you have to get permission to del into the yale archives. she never wrote me back and di pe y' jlyenver ttive about things. i talked to davis's son who was a year-old when his father crashed. i talked to stanton worse sir's lf-v tst whoas t y at i kick myself for is clarence chamberlain's family is around here somewhere, new jersey or something and there's a fellow -- i got an e-mailro y t k,ner e other who made a documentary about clarence chamberlain that

showed at the imax theater. i am sure i am pointing in the ong direion. adf civilization. that way. his family is still alive. i would love to have known they were still alive. i would have loved to have taanced to these people. ben a ing chte atihe tre i a lot -- in this book there's a lot of -- i don't harp on it but can't get away from itut there's aot ofju aisinn h levine -- there's a lot of anti-semitism. in 1927, there were african-american flyers who wanted to fly but a few places ben on tew lethefl fl iw who regularly

went up with a black fls. i think he was jamaican. lirometng he called mself a black eagle and for a couple s. over harlem in aed dil sui go juut h be shendan chamberlain were the best of frienles and finally he built this plane, he was going to be the first american flyer to fly y rickeom n tybe plane because he invited chamberlain to fly with him and he said you are not going to fly that.

coit ldeinhe et e rianli was in the hospital for a wwitk or somethig like that and i don't think he ever tried again. he is a fascinating character. went on in aviation but amsaasy rs cer w of the flyers in the orteig prrade to get along with levine and the only one -- this guy who was not ms wie star caliber was feeling one of the flyers tge on wleneon else despise partly because of anti-semitism and the only e -- to take of the on iny black flyer in new york that i could find based in new york duri tyti i sody uld da sry

on this julien fellow or a documentary or something. a fascinating fellow. s?y otherue? >> not so much a question as a comment but there's a celebration and the grandson of er nweekend. supposed toe any -- anyone from westberry and wanted to fly the atlantidayand financing the flight ttme aro there's also the designer of chamberlain and levine's plane. he is married to a woman from omaha and her ster myrtle

nttoan a sde i yo she sat around a table when all of this was going on and decided to be a flyer and during this period she was going to be the first woman to make it across e de twh s d' ane backer but she dt wo find a catholidaypriest f pi trsburgh who said he would fly with her if she flew to rome. ir was gng to fly to romend tsolcoeral pilot's license in the united

states and the last story i had of her was that mplane.tle brow kind of has a quarter from la tw . wer maf these people did her plane conked out and she landed in a field of spach. when she came to she knock yoheasesir an was identqueied as jose don't something -- i coul never get this straight but if iromk dody was called hesh or something? i didn't go into that. when she came to first thing he said was young lne

w oinh i not giving back your plane and to you pay for it. he dt won't m otil she paid for. these guys are always running s.heamsand lin-- cerndine were trying to make it to berlin they landed in the field of wheat outside berlin ia tn tla aasd t hnch of wheat up and this womn goes that is my week. you matchrk wp lit wwitk an wh going to pay for it and she

fought she was dealing with a new en --ne equate kidnapping w -nuaidpi shethought she was da pe ahe c her son explained they ross americans. they took off again and got a li trle bit of as and flew a few more miles when their plane bnked out and landed aie ma othlo drove up and said e kn't worry. come and have some beer. eyy astfaer boan aplane.t andbthing edore? was the buying somethingyqons.

thrr -ero? aya> there were some malarfromrv --bolerio onpl around. i ain aow that --hat a monfrom imnde de it away to a philadelphia department store owner. but it didn't have anything to at a elithis flight two decades. >> that didn't come up. >> wasn't one of the planes that

wasse lldtnomele.t there were a lot of them in world war i but they were not a plane at this time. i really concentrated much more onsotihaan i knew that was my wheat point and if i tried to pass myself oas d as an eo cf1 o peert on airplanes there are millions of people out there to let me ain aow i was barkinghero >> you know what lindbergh's average altit mypp aya> it was really low. he flew by sight of a lot of

times and dead reckoning. he was close enough to the way of a lotf times that he could irwit which wof a the froth was going off hef th waves. thc1 had these spond in the plane's -a lot of times en tinto getm o o higher. clouds but on the average he wasnain ao flying as high as sof them. anybody else? l right. ok th ippcie it. [applause] >> for more informationave isit the author's web site joeat

jackson11t co mm?ho rdi ts booktv wants topria lw. ayan pthree books rnd now. one is passage to power by robearou coit a ion ben intnny lyndonain ao ohle aon and from johnson's vantage point. dretom n interesting hard-lsed heneckg r nt t pry election of 1960 and throughout the convention which isave ery interesting. the other book is the social cobeeonssts of earth by edward wilson which is how our species meim interaction, enew ytional intelligence and the way we

communew ytcate with each other t hild the seciimes l net works and how far back that goes and that is a really ieresting tiou rutbe reading at the me e aon interactions because there is so much perception and enew ytional -- reading people and all this. someing our spe h bwit ve eh a lim thn bk father, plane.tiing called art fu'tnenrv --keati e okneating. he started to promote centerin rtmedi whichst