coshng c accomplish any goal set before her. i have to say i'm workingon i dcingutisi knson and others played but also the other kinds of people drawn into it. the businessmen, kaiser, kasey butlaor binhe sorensen ho th fact trees and made their lives for themselves and were incredible. you beat peoe over to thefct eehoe s w whthere te

ra. the guys who risk their lives about the size of germany and japan. they were the greatest neraon as ll 'sor orale oc tin94h nr acailan ju wtestnree nuer of americans killed and injured in uniform and were talking about 1942 in midway and t battle of atic oubeenes y d rtinriuter nas byid wme industries outnumbers penalties by side working in the shipyards, doing the work woing hehipyds, doing e wohas ir wiononcmp 1 or tivedehe job during world war ii. they paid a price for the war effort he made.

they paid ior o foisatorheat r effort. people that i think you'll meet in this book is he hohaaditild thyory much. s wtae] e frs here. >>thneedt aceoots to an

efficiency ratio prize, you can imagine all these iffere rkitbicr totrri and wages around this massive effort? >> that's a really good question wh o'oiissnd nput tht bec ea onpeolth shon to ow ug yipong ison lleconic transaction in which a ice. themr ngldia the sudden on russia demand for raw materials for war production had nt prices skyrocketing. huge inflation inorldar

erre etrmg ra tps also to allocate materials as well. what didn't occur to them, but was actually happening under their noses if they had paid attentionoi ahaw adal ale iciate erum an others wasn't the thrashing out of thas wn htenrasedcti er pce aslac xmle shortfalls before the war beganin 1942 was reaching critical factors in wondering why all these great restraints on whatbnueci faer alane r an coming online and picking up the

process has one production board official wve got luke ming t e ad os. wihe it t andur t'tiups got. of course theeal solution is the technological reddens, whic are going to send production ocit j hoeygigt ed rubber for trucks and tires about this other kind of things. roelsearfrobertct, riich ota w g t al coert older tires and so on. don't make any more new tires comfort at all. and of course the stockpiles ne.e nowhere near what they go powh

th ht utot stock audio for war. what was the solution? andcg ge ochl ananl an pre ntc er ssh great entire new industry just by getting companies involved with the es untag ju fca ons, aof ic snes work here, all those wartime rationing rolls we unnecessary. d t'hengy arongfuaratof ff shoes.

>> yes, christopher holman, po?aw iomenesstr teof nddtknn of her antagonistic features business for a while. theprofits tax which took a bud udriut si tkengmke ctmo effective? >> amortization was one and only some economic historian has said the changes in amoization schele, whichmed i nointu dor waeducti he war rithui month nixon said would be crucial to it. one of the othr changes was the antitrust dog. ar wn trcrer,

oe30 people on his stice department staff. seems like a dropped out, but in those days was quite sizable commitment to e justice department resources instigintitrust olon y utrs h luum stera t very time results in december did in the process started and up and dos.y yan c homes i l risynd edirnean opio tar production. the dogs got caught up from hhs. that's another crucial change that takes prt nsil t ta. xcprs thas imposed. this income tax raises across the board an also renegotiation

month had passedn 1943 that coct to oee govert neate dprt exorbitant. and that really did happen in one of the reasons was the contct acrai c mian roio dove tosgo owy u it around excess profit, the surcharge was ju voltari rott raane tbe c ie rce. urfiesn. your profit may go down come but it's notoing to be taxed at the excess profit kind of a level. the bg ttle ma th k.nd t era ertatd gmrder electric and

the little guy would get nothing. there's even a small business defense contract committee said . e'biusin in td ta udkn hr that is when sue agreed prime contract varies, there would be plentyoryo d onctnek emmen pss at of course is exactly what happened. , wieoom hoant i. cnaeptht e ewar buildup of production. but i am wondering if these

coin rcts that the firms were e teyoef? pi of material in anticipation of wartime contracts or contracts bng let ou early? and if so, byho? >>trtyta thwearescm ra. eyn'enw w to make them. it would, then the awd thr i nc low xa la, et a on the expense to the conversion to process. fortomfrons l lhror weotalteed oihi a of it has to be done

through loans. those two reconstruction finance corporation still left over from the depression years, which coat.rted into the defense plant alto ete t, h ot ween gouin order for 1200 fighters hre. you took that letter to the bank and the bank nd, even for you to conctdu. o i w sh iat i need. can you do a? somee ondys's inhamafi w spusutoess, but then began to reali it was truly unstoppable army procurement officials in dealing with the aircraft ndustries thlethto take wha thell y bheef

e? plantal ry bolesy40 engine bombers come at the end of the at ef se yithey eliver 300 e bc of seven. were talking about $21,000 at that point. onimdunaraof the third yr, panit f tesadb r was already a problem, not just in terms of union resistance to wartime onversion they might lose their power over iskiomree.ary knthemct waepod ht ed e wi nonith

labor from wartime work is already underway, but were you wh ynoantrd pool of ao, be .f tca ou tcoc wo hispanics? people talk about the number of hispanics who can employ to places like california shipyards is huge. for african-americans, all of jou t do.hee. >> eikenberry with george washington university. i am interestein roosevelt mo aset b v ccul , it influence to the business community? >> that's a really good question. i haveosytaroe's

susi tishe tht oue rs deri, ne of wife pushes you to bore productions are to convert overnight to wartime production and t sacrifices should all fall in roevdidi. alwe motins are, not even build the same as entrusted with the power to mitterandalthoughl re hanndre r. hee emuad nnaney'tontrol it. in 1940, have you shut this down? this phone had a production is ke theif its w. i hi ianay stnse alk onr ght. nd is bad he didn't want to have any single agency or person

of power over the affair. he didn't want to give up his own power cmerch pewobe tre faiee n oror pe y k whyonommand, to basically you'd have a second president on your hand. i think maybe he was also -- i also think to age she sin eainre e g. e ped they were run out of ideas of how to direct and control the economy in peacetime of th let an woios rying up foat mainnys as s ately alized that they were production effort, national effort of any kind that required commands issued from washington obably were gointo rth toe bm ie

hengs tu? at all. in fact in the state of the union address by 1944, having seen the transformation of free enterprise, the next step for him was that was our chance to annehero.t t new dl fished h enc f paheleti odonhint li clective economy in the process. and of course truman carries out aspects as well and the publan cgresi 9 r pneh ca institute. i went to pick up a couple of the questions of intriguing questions have erse it prou ks th mene how the depression policies didn't get us out of the depression that the were production did. and then towards the end he ays

meing at, e sahaovens yihithee ed one could think today about hiiaoteoo, bying tyin krn t right? [laughter] >> into the story story of paul krugn suggested facetiously, but maybe only half facetiously maeb clg a t aeaofe d ou th there'she demobilize. an arsenal of democracy that thair ord fn sie nom in endorsing a

>> the point that she made anybody think we have to subtly coect. and that is that iti coy ofpdio.hi ac tyucu ay some argument that in many ways that prolonged the depression. certainly in terms of the deprivation of the consumer economy, which had fewer s, wens g, in ch, tond o n ac i t mb faduction standpoint, the rate of increase we are talking about come if crethteo com of orwa itot interesting? yeah, that's about half. the 20s was much more days and the incrse goes with that over the cose o h e.

yo a i t f thhae almosthardly from 1940 o 1945. what you rlly e,e,is wo wr roiodn brt nek cheered at business for making things and engaging in an expaing plant facilities trngwoce enwausn r oc tohe n eall ate chy,ch tnhe turned loose after the war when private investment comes back. all that pent-up emand, all the sine sngcaths in s i n thos em ahii

exactly what happens to the companies. they go for making shing machines to machine guns, refrigerators and make a back o noow to adjust henry told the production crew trendous, tremendous boost unleashing the tel. seest ve o aei chyo emy can grow from that point on. >> joe jensen u o t no cost to them. highlight the contributions that wruwreaerkers may be v

wh stories? >> it operes out of richmond, mealdtrtthmao shrdatwre built there. a lot of it is oral history, especially women iterestedn the workers in the stoes are juc tmeouf a oftissterl yaniec a waefforts. they publish their stories they can waste s about workers who came back in about what we did what we accomplished. thorarcrle es areten ll saveo thtt found on the rosie river website.

a letter from a woman working in the richndsiyd. shllm a let rkin an she says, i would like to think i'm building the ship that will bring you oe mr? >> michael perrone with aei. arthur, you mentioned the krugman of blacks ithe stadlut mota years. dcf epc, theair employment prtis osi--

nale what role did business leaders in particular the auto company guys been concerted efforts to se bcwos hesu >>t anhoan s aidboec i gh wui striking. hehought the fair practices is totally the wrong way go. said he would o atr y ctntnc to i thndit nd step-by-step contract by contract process, not by some blanket changes in the rules of who can be hired and who not by aehe eof varoom tmp jundy ndy. gmntfr example that i was talking about earlier was completely integrated.

it was a shock to african-american worrs cin from the sout thentiayor kas nomel integrated. kaisers plant sugar is the richmond at the end of thewar, % heplsonhi ths ruoaro in he south obviously workplaces are segregated and raci tensions a the detroit se. onat,t 7 h mca t h la werotd r fa practices act receive no federal whatsoeverf raepmeteos

bithet the women. very interesting. >> thank you aremt waru in this summer? booktv wants to know. >> tsu it eaa athwsers manage the tea party freshman in the congress. there's a grt find that i have read and articles about t book that swed just howrazy it can getnr ao o e ren inta y ar tar ntin hwte se is running, even though they are freshmen. there is one line that i have

gh ere palytein pe, yoctin line. and i ink this congress has been so polarizing and so prodti ha lke w egear s mmea t ui k dfgr amoi ehthens w thing happen. another book i would like to read on a totally different note is called by the same tp. iobtbo s "rngneut 'sso tyut how he fell in lovewith some one and fell in love with im. anomt dend,seela ae'ata u

then they make each other mix tapes, which is something i did for years and years andyears of the ic ws ok tor,eronaue ved her and sounds like it was the title mix tape for her of loveo ths fuwhim adth summer. >> bernice king who issee tau? nale hemy aunt -- [inaudible] she latr became a rma protect

inayeis a very lively woman. unfortunately passed last year in june before completing -- tboiet rose, theng to. life and legacy of corrina scott king. whid ws ok is yourcac >>l,waurth in6 rier story. at that time, most of my parents were constantly being threatened waerom ther didn' know if she

'slo iac 2004, because mother had sahy d't yohda knew about-

an u wga d me more work because a lot had happened, an a few months, maybe a year ler myo mel d shcouldn't rally focus after my mother passed and months latr of my sister ssedo a layeisoha y 08cle 20sh ar le t her e day. she wished working on it, and she said people need to know more about carother. mart didn't make a rea it. eyd w rec i omtr o sg lythasdplou in faith, our ducation and how

it prepared us as women to be leaders. ansa'mkinhd siolmomwavy saelan help? get it published and that is how this journey began. >> bernice king, your mother, how active was she? when bh i? beioy.la? onlyyoud sy, e taing persons in the movement, and her andrew young, ralph abernathy and my father, all hadvesf am w ict? muu btwheht' ve sedy 't y know, about them marrying different men and all that kind of stuff and it just brought it all together. and so, growing ern abwi mhwan

trnearn afn-erican, had his own truck and the hauled lumber. he did open a sawmill that was bu downbyite gnan hed eledt of fr'teat to stand up toa justice and also continue to move ahead with courage really influenced her and then she went otoa sh ll nc shth acersoci thchildren to become more socially minded, to think about the world that they lived in, acsm pderinest theireay wh ge frhaint sewa e ven m. by the time she got to antioch college in yellow springs ohio she became involved in the naacp, progressiv

montn tlarty andhpe ewilvn po meeli ann vim.gat wa >> pc e your mother is behind-the-scenes, quiet -- >> and sheas aui on >>l shk a on he v siriven. she had a gentle spirit, and the thing that i like to say about for the most is she exuded the coiolof goli bo e w. bee s fwhe assed uso ell medoho grudges. for a woman to experience all the she experience from being in the house when it was bombed in 1956ghf bu be aou,ha olity

and bitterness. but she had no, no a motion of the internet's. only love and understanding and odwi, anhoa f u-- loin ifan dnett er her work. and so i lived with that constantly. so you can imagine us as children hearing about her iaivd roeing aassat heotta d sier ttidouad b n y, you could really become hate filled that but my mother taught us about loving and your father lived for for goodause and gavehife d hpe ex tgh tis book. if you read her story. >> where did you come up with e title, "desert rose"?

>> my mom nnedhat tit a e edauhe viy un vy h seatsoh.se asv dicfo rican-americans to succeed and to thrive, and yet for my mother's fai inher education my family upbringingkindf shnle abity push forth out of the circumstances and blossom into this beautiful, courageous, a c.myt uthdediced, grceful, reerhat five years old about april 4, 1968? >> actually i don't remember april 4 at all. a tldaseep t . ata asniim cae iar pata time.

and so, you know they were putting me tobed. the next day when my ther nt ogmy fts a g bto al, e tn,veg op bcet oi on. and she told me tht you know, my father would no longer be le to speak to m he has gonmeliit an ce, ki. di snyg immediately. and we went to the airport, got on the plane and i heard this noise. brnga bc retwian in aetkeeeute wobe able to talk to you. i said, here in breeding. she said no, no that's not him. gointo e, aker,is e

me d b ame tin bl rmb rinr e temm onions with the at the end, and he would pick it up and chew it like celery. i justremember that. it's embedded yi tow we g t? d dd oio cof him. and so, i remember the funeral. it w hot. a lot of lights, a lot f meraan d mm,s li acas. ge omwar yt bhet tlth for me was, when it was time to do the eulogy, they had decided to pay my fatherermfro ua4, te lidt ezaphu t ntefhi assassination.

and in a strge way, he talked, ifouarnd wn yo meet loun.onw iatd. warjooean righousness. they play that excerpt. now remembered my mom sd, he can't speak anymore to you. hean't talk. if v ioi e h iloweith voice. and she just kind of tried to put her arms around me and comfort me. but that iofee. mytesve os to my father. she used to say, he's my buddy. he found comfort coming homeo us. hese plabasketball in hoand mu , 'tealye t

anr t k lot. that was a great loss for her and martin to third, who carries his me, it was the same thing. webe hssssedr f a cetri h r mss bse i aslong do a poor people's campaign. and was doing a little recruiting in the south. so they got chan for the last e d th iat meh dothrk sowary umor i e, y tme off the road and we d a kissing game. i would jump into his ars come iaik ml pssck me up and say oay hedokaedth sugar spots. where his mom's sugar spot?

my sister's nickname was jokey. i mby o ngth re. otsetoe i inhe cheek. but i did the game, okay? so i remember the foehead. >> how did yurmere asin q. >>ngraal. wogsi-bde t father's movement, in fact she wanted to be a concert singer before she met dad and she was in new england preparing for that when ey met. she d torlet ell pue a sese sstot hath it t ksh t veerd yd too. so obviously s decided to surrender and accept the proposal to marry him. and so during the movementshe d ndl prty ethceehatnt

is ner te e. di freedom concerts. so between her doing freedom concert in doing some speeches for dad from time to time come organizingvenhi ppers athy ha tin peod st nimak oe . one asssed, i didn't get to see my mother as much as i would have liked to have. >> what she gone a lot more? dos ht erhone, but she was at dtal tn that mothers and daughters do, that didn't take place because she was focused on institutionalizing his egacy. gasifietothricne t non-violent philosophy influence by jesushrist and mahatma gandhi. soshi built the king cter in

atlanta and put her heart and soul into itlzeeleosrt n hihr n-enstutes and scholarly internship programs and peoplen this philosophy nonviolence and then her focus shifted as theraisth ney,ebee neen on eli ao can imagin i am in her bedroom sometimes when she's at home and she is on prmierveyalking to esidents na o. sh tinf ont htohi adjust at any minutes notice. so if she had to talk to the president, certain posture and if she had to talk to someone in the homer was helpi her or e to st kan sody wd ho ki tslo

shvia ofpl the house from time to time and had little parties. if you came over, she was going to fix you some of he favorite vebl p yoouisve. wldhtp. thvendced about it. i couldn't understand it. you all lived under such thrt. back for her, that was lfilng bauhe l goheh nfr y ty to lincoln school to antioch and then -- this is what it's all been about. >> bernice king did your mother erthmita t meseer ra e? int hoe was not purchased until 1966. my father didn't want to own anything because he was influenced by gandhi and he was struggling with all of th

e , yhaeaif d drndhao thrulkbohet e da pblul e all. it talks abot in the book how he said that's going to be my fate. she always anticipated that in ne tere wa vn. i ueou e edthu ti 04 >> did you have grandparents around growing up, either on your mother site's side or your father's side? >> i vy much did. i visited my gndparents i weanenmeh y anhe tstrd lpy grandmother withome of the -- ddn't code, but i helped her around the dinn bleteaban shthshndang r . wsiaeand

veg milydiscussions. so i spent a great deal of time with my grandparents. summers and alternatively thanksgivings and ristmases. veloo .er'ar, a eyedata s there ry ilualmy life. >> after your dad's assassinatio or even before, diyou have security around your famil ames bur m p n erse , li i was james earl ray's escape from prison that we hav to have security and i remember going to school. this is really embarrassi to have these folks arodou n cetohe asm. bu wus nrs mfbl atl kid. i didn't understand all of this. the magnitude of who my father was, who my family was setythant, evad

h dattaic cesi tr r yes. and soshi had it until her death. >> she had somebody with her at all times? coogi to the store heit pe op inhoecy h noatwh w saying. i ner had an opportuni to really go shopping with my mom, you know. thcoup ome ta me, otppt pe w wauapnd w wces she didn't do it a ot because it became a little burdensome. we did moreinners as a faily atestaanec you i an autograph? so it was very difficult to

really go out. whhet vatyly did more f tht heanndth i w tl you one story that i remembered i loved. this was in her latter years. i went to the hallmark store with her aouple of times? alk? lilleno hra wa tghar mg sure it was the exact card for the person. she was that thoughtful. and the first time i went with r, iat h. a tm oo hs tsamh p. shve neaalo, nt to get a card for these people. so i went and startelooking and thinking about the relationship she had with the person, the type of soe wasprd 'm lie,

most people are busy and they send people, they get some card and get the function done. she was very thougful and id. r oths i ourisun haoud anop personally. >> is there any irony in the fact that "desert ros" the life d legacy of coretta scott king is published by the university of aba >>yh 'slro. wancat alabama. that is one of the things. we remember george wallace anding and locking theoors tniitaam conhacud f sor ffod dath alabama that basically told martin luther king jr. you know, or try to run

martin luther king jr.ut ab re-er stng p i moliho from alabama and dad's life togetheris now being published by the iversity of alabama press. i find -and i'll l t ju1,wh rg wallace blocked the doors in 19 -- what year was that? >> 63? >> i think hit w 6but iron ate s dy-i trc? the author of the book. >> when is the last time -- what is the last conversation you had with your mother? with yourter? iorbetey

stconversation. you know my mother had a stroke in augustof 2005. and so from that pointorward, she didn't alao d si ren ed20nary u ,don' remember the exact conversation. i remember the sunay before, she had the stroke on tueay. nkt aust atuy d avee gu4. wain bas iol r h ennd ki on r toake sure she was okay. shhad a minor stroke two weeks forehamiuesd. anhakedieot t er bse maur g all her bank accounts. she had signed the paperwork, thank god.

and that wasur lastre i gyocao shve ttron an en ristoo ref onversations were more me talking. she said a few words here and there. >> bernice king what you doing these days? kien tamactuay thceo of the anrn pesfnd platrm so that they can be more available on line, as well as curriculums that can be infused in the school system. because you know erion et viceoo li icoa o thth y yorlly do that is to do it through the educational system with young people so that is the mandate for e king center, is to help to in ab beagppld ucg iepso

ththogy nonviolence that he taught and lived, and also developing leaders in the same spirit as kint aerlsn prs uig ol fatytwil o rae,whou opwie a social, socially conscious disney experience. so when you lee there it will be like you have been entertned that you will b irnd'l ete tam e. a experience of the king center. >> is ebenezer still an active church? >> ebenezer is still an active church there are two loations. therisagan uacassed pe c a tour. it sits right next to the king center. my mother made sur shplaced that near the kingenter to puue atoni

cni y ri cnior caers ie y 20s, verities, 40s and fifties and they were in the process of demolishing many of the homes there. one of them was my father's birth home. because of mymotr' br- sio c the honoatthaver result of that community is in a much better place now because of that. ebenezer historical is there in thnggtind huaryndasr cty owbudi unreceteme terathwhs pastor of ebenezer for 44 years. martin king senior community resource center. book with bernice wghero tate se ttotng ieo tt yer , h takhe

sister of coretta sco king and push tough to publication by bernice king. le oresckthfe >> what e you reing this summer? tnt kno >>l,m vi ed maws new book on a personal presential favorite of mine, john kennedy and havthe ok re i ckny,si ro e heat ng about being -- as we get to bring people in and talk about thei books and in fact we brout chris matthewsn. liy grwillot

inibveng where people got to ask questions etc., and see the personal side of jack inieed rrc 'sooat cea er o again. so very apprriate for summer reading especially with presidentkeneds ovr se l. ad i h tnw d oa fheo i reading and another person who has been here has been -- who srnessns rqe ce aitrdyoa e coefouuc w hwn personal story, as someone who grew up in iran,

a woman ofjsh enwh ianosmiad l fws es gn in iran and while this is fictioas the old saying goes, more truth is set in fiction tolaingmahaespeciallyi niso and also the relatives today,, especially if you look at our dealings th an cue e ted current regime in iran as well. so this is fiction but it kes for interesting reading. lireg aloc

in oowm has just produced a book and we had a little reception for him where he got up and ke bhi okwe buopn neral, just as being of being in the moment and being more thoughtful, with so rely praicaldvic but soihiesi whn to -- excuse me, from john whitten to presidentsa an oim ts ry thoughtful side about him and i think it was nice for his colleagues to see that as well.

so i would recommend this ok. joewast olnd th k,osat ge w recently in harvard and a keynote speaker at the graduation. and honored to receive an as'rob rehd cp wheee the crossing of the bridge in the famous march between selma and montgory, is vy png rianaiat t incredible journey that brought tharr s idible americanh,

codind ti' ad i would be remiss if i didn't say -- almost every summer and i just happened to see my english acher in high school ona rdt n t o uryfrioan rgbee this teacher, is the great gatsby. anno makes for great summer reading and of coue taken from 20d eag a mef elusive dreams and of course the language of f. scott fitzgerald, the way he is able to wte thboll wx mtrs describes florsheim and eating with a ferocious deicy.

s ysreead chenomnfcemy taryo or b of course would be "to kill a mockingbird." the highest honor i think any elecd ofcialr anne sees puloue rr ats se, ouwhth incredible novel itten by harper lee that is just still alys a gra usoles w d ofor of mine and that is the death of a salesman. interesting that the death of a salesman is making a great revival brwad n le ld dh

audiences are overflowing. so those are my recommendations fo the summer reading. >> for more information on this and other summer reading list, visit thetrg >>esgh keboth pece umiry raoiac t voony war. it is up next on booktv. it's a little less than an hour. >> good in on book, "those who have borne the battle". the uthor isimrht d wt men or pdeemriof dartmouth college and a marine. my name is luc peterson and i mas risstiriofhe

wos about the marines memorial. the marines memorial association is a nonprofit veterans organition aedtohor me od eme keafes who were killed, lost or who died in military service. among s oduti, amon the st tfoe nemosat maining this extraordinary club, the marines memorial club. as a living memoal tos torne t rrn.a organization, visit our web site

at www.mare clubom bor aneaak ph, ju d. and any other noisemakers that you may have. and while ardoig t d toahi thnt mthat es mauroll s or book, all in, the education of general david petraeus. mrs. broadwell is a west oi ad, wabe i raeus fin ann. oflu iviwi general petraeus and his top officers and soldiers to tell the insidet os leshn frve

the starts this evening at 6:00 p.m., so that is 6:00 p.m. caonh or stndednesday. ulcoeuma e of these little question cards early on as questions pop up in your mind. is w weilndhe atht pe tinh staff, once you have noted your question, and the staff will be mingling amongst you. tor.igy r coaf ram se y qeon it is now my great pleasure to

introduce this evening's distinguished ues, d j drigs so ald ivra, and dr. wright himself joined the marine corps at the age of 17. he is from galena, illinois it originally, a sn r quwaerweo hoaneol id mcegest dr. couchman, who is now deceased, knew iwa with winle me u due.hevey oue l is e about 5000 rpms. so dr. wrigh please allow me to continue co htoll

ivtywisid prso tm. in 1969. he served as the president of dartmouth from 1998 82 9 mof lita and has encourage support for the wounded veterans in those hospitals. he is a director on the board of the iurmarines serei , of 1p arrnraby itnga wrgse fre in "the new york times," the "bosto globe," "christian science monitor," npr just name afew heseizy atldhe ns eln r ic gatias o the foremost spokespeople for our young veterans today.

ladies and gentlemen, please [ausn elng j >> thank you. it is an honor for me to be troduced bu veiro our paul.ateivty as i told the u.n. chancellor read are really models for individuals who are pushing hard to make available opportunities for vetera. was w at t mare s crngpllatda d a t ie ce tirimweack on thatcase since i finished boot camp in 1957. incthoelullldr th wae ig ic

tri d there. and i would be very happy to see him roll over in his grave as a matter of fact. [laute am vyrafuel i irer erve much. i served with him on the board ofhe sempre fi fund. i mire him for his service to this country and to those who haed cry red.d enen iry aemab erc retrt ke a differencanddoes make a difference. and of course i'm grateful to my dartmouth friends in the bay anblin irchallengingmis ine tht a frsc acila mn soofs. ok at this club a number of times, representing dartmouth at many events here but more importantlyi shipped outf

treare lari oeeey pet ak be a trsure island, preparing to ship out. i was on a jeep carrier and then i me backhe tr rrin sg 96 d s ha atare ap of 1960. my story tonight is a story that is not a personal monde butt baouxpncynfoedy b tnkofht we s ehs hre rmy owcknd ri ahie ic a for me. i grew up and galena illinois as bucky said. general grants hometown when t i n 3r ay. wa mthoiff ermbt end of the

war, seems like everyone's father, so many people came home. roughly 4100 peoe att . id choroe it w rpid e therine dcu places. and i grew up playing among the cas raark and i lk tatthnduy te tbondn inheint e getion nowhere going into service was expected of us. giveaways to be drafted ino the mas.a wdi,wnee sc gatclanve s ed mes hea es win the army or the navy or the air force and i think three or four went to college. that was basically the breakdown at that time in the community onitaie sopwup.

i n'opyein sl user s ch learn and there is so much to do. while athe universitof frhe ithisge the 19's,lear e nar soin at rng ou me, not theids were fighting there. i worried about them a lot and i wondered if i knew them. i am sure i did know some,u asiflte. th cto th, prtsr war expansion in cambodia. and then there was a major fght over rotc. but i reengage with ari s d ta in thttf ujnedi november 2004, and i spoke to a

friend and he encouraged me to go down to thehoital. wed beesdkhe coueat ana ago to bethesda. i have been down somewhere between 25 and 30 times i guess overhe last sevel years. taope d and ath a t o ris. ind i'ea quite a tale, but i guess i could reflect on al the 300 plus kids th i have prablypoketo whapd tohed di ha th le thnvme i edh up other marines when they are promoting th post-9/11 g.i. bill. ve t w eo tho udpoit

r rao o at colleges. we developed an senator warner's office t basic principle of thyellow ribbon proamch is a terbly portt pa o foe er tu h 2010 provided me an opportunity to reflect on some of these issues and i thought i would just pick up a book or two my iarivensf -- sort of imme althwa ak e th sed lagbt s. prthheplng d write ityourself. that is basically how this book starte for me and hit d been the reemgee intomerin hior loamerantond hi ic t soea fmyl wa vindston tprovided an opportunity for me to become re-immersed in it.

and the book is an overview of the subject of ameri's wars thwhughe 'sa re itls ta o p a ecanaom observations on the current state of affairs i have a number of observations on the current state of affairs and what we think about war and at we think about those who soajheth i v ed atht t icis whe ea that -- of citizen soldiers dating back to the american revolution. the concept that america would leave their farms and their therreat. in thirw oo taro h ulrrhoee were professional soldiers. i have come to realize that it's a riptn oft reenvethpuon

wowa whet estif of our warsn the beginning of korea. the military was less and less representative of crossection of siendart caofxioha e thl-lunteer army. george washington believed that all americans have an occupation seon rlisns ofth bl at, e he tio valebe ed. eyo ev aav contribute our treasure to support those who serve. t healroghiwn pece fy a. infaf ta oue rtce of tizen soldiers and the militia did not like the militia and he wanted a

regular army. he teowh l gwnviia eyldtogiwi m erhsa'se ust ntg spring crops, sorry generally have to go home. he wanted full-time soldiers in the coffin by me in the contental army. vens tblioesieitway o m stal frhey ginning there was a sense that because itas an obligation, a contract almost of those who are part of this republic to serve, there should be nothing givenoh al urli yre ex aup fth government. this continued to be the principle although oviously in various wars and all of our wars buisngmaln whth gii pde

poitfo the veterans to go to school, to ke out loans and to start distances and this has been the ans, testser sinceth. erdogeisd e ldenoymto tets but even frankl roosevelt insisted the samething. healthy veterans are not entitled tanyinr ly doing r . hang hinrihe i arete t mpio t ry today. when the all-volunteer force was approved in 197 -- 1973 there was really a great fr on the wobe a omp it thea has not happened today. but it is not a representative force either it's more rural thanran. smaloeha itern

rt n. e veew in the military. and it's my strong impression, although there is no evidence almo mnll soud on this, butt neonh my pl serving today our sons or daughters of people who srved in the military and that he kind of continues, demographic patterns we are seeing. hiic aiaman populations. we give our veterans today great rhetorical, even emotional suort. i'm struck by themis th wiiam e intnwa iy euls ters y is the wars have been looking at public opinion polls.

and yet we are not blaming those who are fighting today. we are crediting them. the remeoupl f . t raibts pl bse aus d t tthis ltndan oo e g anun women are. there is very little understanding of what it is that be.y have been doing on e a ysou welln'o t g on there. there are very few news media that are covering the wars in detail and quite frankly there's not a lot c most of the tharjoble erreew aq but a they were not major battles that would grab front page headlines or the lead story in evening news. sts tharme untag ha iy

ytseng a unme do. i think that we are fighting defensive force against c iends ott amanitist in pthasbray ecalled ajax in iraq, there was a line. one soldier was so frustrate and said we are the only ones in uniform you ow we tnlesunm. smehe i was visiting the bethesda hospital, it was following the spring and summer battles and the marines were involved with overn ghta d atlyayn s e,rewie co red injuries. one of them had been injured by

a mortar und. three ofhem had been injur an h n reee. explosives. none of these people saw the person who'd detonated the ita ersofwthat injuredh s feoft a aygowh i was down in bethesda there were fewer people in the ward and i actually met a marine who had a gunshot wound from a firefight and it was the first time talk to anybody within a firefight in a couple of r dienyju q aavmo cstion the battlefield. about 10% of the combat casualties in afghanistana aqe . ie, ase a d heoattl

sues tdi asdoh nu o factors. it has to do with the armor that they wear today that ptects vital organs. it has to do with the helmets that hey arharec them ao h tlld di,wc idi phca wmece erey mofse ds out within 30 minutes to a field hospital. and it also has to do quite ankly withexpliveswh an orlyshut hounreretal nswo aor carefully placed and more people died. there is a higher deat rate thrsdatns s wounds in at me a ofutnsri eno hepil , it's commonplace to see somebody missing one or more limbs due to

th loomoacd iiee he os. ntin b of mooit mebl ini saw. they were showing me a new war at the hospital at bethesda for people who are suffering from ijes d ofh btomer reo -- because they didn't want these young people to see their reflection in the mirror without somebody being with them, to be able to help them through this experien. wa's jt fft so t t igrr def ptsd. we can't really compare it with previous wars because we are far better now at diagnosing and idtig twe were in etna on artontth siy t in r

tee oavllut ie aheers s identified at a. but clearly, there is more of it and were also uerstanding ca atdbo n follgue ovg aabout the same time. getting your bell rung is no longer something to shrug off and smissed. thimpetivegus,ig netomer h fe ine ou way i don't know, if there's anything more hun than engaging inr moumhasmdy anthwee ef on what it is that we asked these young men and young women to do. all of us bring our children with a setofpripthe

d tard g ea with the one, to avoid situations that are dangerous. don't put yourself at risk. and the otheris, don't rm othero. er raleara ey stund thargtrre aihaing other people. these 18 and 19-year-olds that we have put into the armed forces, we say you have to forget these rl. ua red ut set aut set q rar d haoepraro o people. and then they come home and we say, forget it and go back to the old lessons, forgetting these thngs is very very typical. ondoesotgeey. lothaouofa ino i i it's sort

of summarizes the human face of war as well as -- and this can be repeated in any number force percolate the afternoono ly50un l le ahon ra ist stta 2t ntegt heh siad just arrived. reassigned from their occupation a h ank oand taz tfia od its in ns d ngma pte ettschter, were shot dead. his team withdrew ,-com,-com ma taki his body wi them. thrwa.n edirst ne rntudhis brt his body to a hut he medics had occupy. e habeen fntli tre"gothoon

a. wrhtheaun ldhalof ri hsce quote, the prospect of death have probably seen this on realtor private shadrach as the entire wars ill seem to me. he was very nnd s h adfl d hoor thi ys. mestngred simply, what a place to die. and "the new york times" would write, he died asoughboys usually die in a pelting rin fool ekirtt inshacpats arofirns death that morning at breakfast when a neighbor rushed and telling them that he had heard it on the radio. mrs.hadrach was devastatedy deof or di .held shchu wd he m f7 s,ler p to reporters who described

him s bad and i. s hed thst neca aefory mr. shadrach had accepted his son's interest in joining the army at age 17 the permissions for it. when he was asked by a reporter what he thought about hiyoung soldiers assignment to he nf, aiiy,wa gh aste knf government. when a reporter asked him if he knew where korea was, he said yes, korea was the place where thor s w bsked pe mtis,7,in wndthrst d ol we ask our youngsters to go out and do some things that none us, many of us don't understand, some of us in this .

and a sergeant ithe vehicles said it's timeor us tog. thecgak theci e hty unit, my guys come into play cared abt a a lot when it sees

when they needed to geout of there. and i needed tbe there for em to wthouoydi hoghmh b nlthe dust in the boy finally made it sound and rattled and i id i put m do aes hboin st racte ele hedg rtyo u s uano court-martialed had. he said they were right. i shouldn't have done that. as a marine that was my obligation to give bk with m unit. my vw his that h tsai hosma in a o atoy t a t un -yolo make to make this sort of decision. but they do it often. they are remarkably professional in whatheyd. aow trybe in tpe wre

rvuscoeond embl and brave. there no longer much use of the word heroism and contemporary sense, butthis gebu.am ol 's drfulpti rk thoo oe 8000. when he spoke in the fall, there is no names, no exploits, no battle accots. couetaboer all. certainly in our wars today there is a focs on our pitcher nick sacrifice, but there's ho o h wr. reizatresorrore eha t air and there is a cost of more different from vietnam or korea or world war i, bt there

a il sns a horror and there is otwhercha tolalteab e a te 99%. the factto 1% are privileged and entitled to 99% f spy e s tanile rethom od. ththhelo 99 and 1% ratio tt we don't talk about so much. about 1% n't even less than 1 mirydyrvn sor ughts serving in the military today and 99% of us simply are not sacrificing. we are basically underway or of what y isfistssaa ths ev they

th war. the vietnam came late, but there is a surtax in the vietnam war to pay for the cost ofher. taboaxntdy wrsel tond congress men and women last year, all of whom i have a first name relationship with. if you're talking abouthi ybe it's timto have rx thlhesksome back from the war they are fighting and say now you have to lp pay for it. and now they see whatam i the fit in aretiipn ery er foli.lahi ic ach americans think they are taxed enough and don't want anymore, i'm not sure such attacks culd be approved ths na ftdyt be t

haben mrsfohe salrsin n or stand as an arnold history ha teslftri n sihatol bu tharrr ita er atoesn hr are. there's a civics lesson. a lesson in the way tat ths cfie d ze o an i am just delighted to be here tonight. i will go in a place to talk subject. and i'd be happy swer the questions you havenw apse

>> well, i think i speak for all of us, talk toriht, thattha cain tss oat the younmilitary men and women faces today. the world that they come back thrsqeny t orbatets pead the guns. what can we do as a society to vens dipo vens o osered veterans of one of your wars, colonel. people were considered victims and i thinthat's anntik tk

ise wlk a me giso condescending. look him in these young and women sign up. they enlisted d i think we need to be proud of them athr poouhondmss e plthidwa sof hfo want to be, but that is true in every war i suspect. they are not the dems. they're quite remarkable yog oplehoin e hit qioat iscussion with your first name for a good wash 0. duity dth a be o ti lrst e t gamiry rcndti sinms. t they do not want to fully fund our act of dutyforces.

the result is repeated ree aduadae re dnor continuous or repeated tours. >> i won'tet into the nobi hsuieor wtheng0, u ven tivee decade. part of that is because a decade or so ago, beginning in 2001 and afghanistan nobodyredi it boeetonk tam thidanouhestds twar we should have mobilized a larger military poorer. there should've been more kerri rysrare army infantr aninopo

plnt forme n'inyoan through this -- go through combat zones as many times as we address these young people to tt erift eqes % heitarmri. epot li hindyg back for their third or fourth deployments and i thk it's a tremendous spurt they've taken . inthncinle questis ha oe ra mls. ur opinion, your thoughts on how this impacts military. >> it's interesting. i was wn atmr . o penon sahaoue hl ifhaened o my horror.

i saidi hink that's good. i ed h slylstes djpn. o pp chart. more seriously of course the ofhaan rqe ase on guard duty thsouch of it. that's a harder question to deal with. if they can of certain obligations that good. t hn w't tcofo h notasoera er cout ebe fewh d'een over there have really been quite significant. only when there's a signifint incident like some ngoeoin llinhespo

rzet mare there. i think there needs to be a fuller accounting and understanding of his. >> several questionshveme st ascolal up r in arosr manic stress and second icon is there eugh hocauprtde po mr yunven i counseling? or do they consider to be weakened stigmatization of themselves? >> i think t end they are tec. obatof coli 'sd for them to come forward. as i said to the fir marines who came to dartmouth to goto

hoor 2 3yar pcuyno s edirr ann omrwan yim d, i'm nervous, i'm angry. i can't sleep and apprehensive. said he have to be willing to do that and i don't think wdo thater el. ancoinemdo ht. heth counselors that has come a train to understand it's time to step up be able to prvde orreik erree idn inbane ianl ghta ntottut it struck by the way that jim amos, commandant of the marine corps. coen f strue tws thi omy a prsi,i' concerned that

you don't say how many know, in language that i won't use of th cnyme n tbard' ra ve t fr we are working through that. i talk to young guy recently who was supposed to go back to iraq with hisuady usentme. sahe ht v inth. g bovhr times. he was set to go again. you've got to get down to the nco ranks as we all know to make thli ry al aral letr fw rs itusrdo k through. >> there's a couple questions on the all volunteer force. fos he nt

s stthtey po upneo >> i think the all volunteer force as i suggested is not representative and that is rte.pol nsat' a a afd 'rteop wour raft. i think that the military does have a professional force today of m bhehinly if ou tak to any pe wavli a mprndn t were 4.4818 million euros in the united states in that yeathe military fors xpnsio s t t 100pol 18r- wwr asked, the

surge, the sign that because they're all volunteer in daycare. nobody could move away from vonteed have a afnd u oldhlte es uhor%wod gusopl say it would be those who prefer to be there rather than someone who is dragged into the ilitary service who es not wantto e cod h o an e sne. thdiulin there's not an easy answer, but it's not representative. we hav to represent the military beter. thre wit f mapeolesanddat cape ishgton cannot people ke decisions on war will be far more cautious about making decisions at their own sonor duhrlil wad lithfh

caewdeac if whaeoi washington will be sensitive about sending young americans back to war only if their own children are involved but would be fihod oeio or not ca u shonic sd r lepu oe tig way. >> the great question. which he made comments regarding bu eck hoonemouthga, verodootbe a friend with. i was talking about this book in washington a couple weeks ago as a matter of fact. he's a great example i think o ilirdtet neps hiit d raned afghanistan first and then was

involved in the invasion of iraq in march of20gni resuptmds unit. i'm a classics major at dartmouth once i got up to baghdad wanted to take his platoon down to see babylon and free agent -- some of e ancient ruins faq. la--ewthl dnavkes platoon down there in months he had been armored escort any bickered unit. but there was a brief wind when you could do that. 's just cong othe rth d rus. tsnekstoth transition program in the military. but qutioners says we go 12es aktasrm cap, wher o

yoma w o a military person and their split really no processtoelp them eny tsri. cnt har n imanf etsn program? >> i think that's a very good observatn. i think there needs to be a solid transition program for t lngte ev kn tar trg do ameao litinlas,re ma people receive their just try to go back to civilian life. but i think what isrequired is stt f gna unng c o isry catdy.veha young veterans have a higher unemployment rate than the population as a whole. there is more homelessnes on

the part o etee topio aol ane hy t suti counseling. it is not a massive across-the-board program. you have to understand where the problems are and what it is you can do to deal withte alorboouin r rev av s e hbl injuries today. you know, if you bring a gun soldier in a wheelchair over to a llgame at at&t park there a g,ut y nc ising von e c oi stop. these guys are rock stars right no but the musical style. the last world war i an dint e um tasteof sow i 15 meg ta. n tuf e

ju, eus deserve to be worse of the state. we need to find wayso encouragethm o lrgei dr ae tnd thandobu'st in t t n fort than i think the personal touch this very hard to find today at discharge cenrsre in the so orwedth ubrs >>thst h e,ieur and others who made major impacts on the military ttheoinu. thmo on your vet about it today. >> yeah, i don't know what the impact is on yor unemployment.

th esosm peceat al hae in te aus fewer heroes in these wars today. the mels of honorat the card 10 or 11 now in ee as ast mh u take 50 or 60 prisoners. john wayne could pretend to assault the beacht iwo beho.err ounsi esrs tsof itlce heroism. you know come we try to make jessica lynch, who endured tremendous pain and discomfort asas r ptlm malyrasg sif .erdtier

't work. if you the medals of honor in the current porous, i think only pe wurd. oftem hvnto oeme oo fo brily sg i,fpin hand grenade, to save others. remarkably heroic and courageous th asn is justlmt onwhwhnd onowwt einhe rof e wars. but everyone who steps out of the gate as heroic as far as i'm during. >> last question, sir. in past litecilia adiphsh xee. today it is shrinking to almost the microscopic level of those who have served. how does tapat

miryfredr >> it's an interesting question. the congress today for example has a far lower percentage of veterans than it has any ti emyee. aslisiicy ie 2a iniso thing, but maybe in some ways may seem a little ironic. i think there is an inclination at pt anopn refoebdysi thay vtrn f miry ior veterans. i think you need to get a few more lance corporal sayer. we be more than happy to ask of thli mtatt hqeon. teresting if you look at

presidential questions for the last several presidential questions, clinton being a war hero beat a secular wr herond le 6 ebs- d idbuadn nanaat hat al gore who h served in byh hsce.nd kerr was defeate caaseaby n'in b a a hel, iovoly n't lever the top anymore and that's an interesting situati. but with fewer people serving in ltyel rvndhaoiz at oal orvt i lt ereaamane udpolitics. we have to find ways to deal with that. >> on behalf of on behalf of rr eoia, i,anor

g htot,nk yoves.re ha hae ea te] oca s nw >>reref nfoncuutlie to read thrillers and i think one failure that anyone will pik up itt utysayn away by his gone cong from and t.i. are, "the

new york times." and i would have to aee it is sellaprt a ia rmtalan dasarsmnam at first begetter has been coming next perspective among us to get her perspective entire reformat. becom car htihte ispni ane they lying to themselves? it is just as i describe it to pemands on twitter, anda whadt e se ito ready.

>> receny, boov as twitter owwhhep n s aom t ws.

>> you can submit your a summer reading list. tweet hash tag summer reading.

c iorto ht ok48urffin authors and books every week and on c-span 2. >> next on ok, raras t , bama ee adnegh scs r book, "prague winter: a personal story of remembrance and war, 1937-1948" during world war ii coapecry lctobotv ad tmnh hd, weeks on the bestseller lists, which is every author's dream and the medalof freedom from president oba. congratulaon s ertowiyu h yreyas b s i

learned that your parents had been born jewish and that so members of your family had been quesonme d t ooau whadugoba tit a adhooo it? >> guest: well, because i didn't think i had all he answers. of cctat thi lite pp wrg les dt wtplar enpbi ig.methopsk for money and then there are letters that would say something about buerngr that my pares were an t a oto ih school with my father in 1815, which would've been impossible because he was born in 909. da bcryo t

whnt tacos dates. it was added to the secretary and i was in the white house counsel's office and they ask me kind of anral uon haeenntiksli ated, heid s e yt wipor anything but should've aske you mayant to tell us? i said there's a real possibility i'm of jewish background. they sai so what, the prident ovhels lkto msd ody. ug'sexd ssit. waly in. rgued that heir grandparents were interestin and complicated and that was that. and then mhael dobbs, who i thk yoprobly kw, powa t afif h nolo e s eee o are named and the time you were

confirmed. so my office on the names of various people inew york he could talko prtiou docus hric the 73 were very efficient and had cards for transports were put on, where they died. they said you do htn thlot.lyd fiut'r jewsh. i was appalled, cross eyed, stand. the only way i can describe it as it's now hard to lieve that so idriit as i'd been asked to represent my country in a marathon, the first time any woman ever had bee and thnltgul doi veryay e

ber sr o pue yogetr. t and they did. but i felt that there is more to abthwiari,bd i wantedo kind ofpu re latpa'srs s, h he retik. i ta about a kind of in three layers. the inner cre is their story. th- l a twas a chklist of d vas gst thapd,i ed readabout them. the second layer was to put it in the context of the most amazing period in history. worlhsor187 . oveoianlk nd what were the things going on? the third layer is the most

complicated because it's about the difficulty of making si pna was go and helpful and how much a bit of a collaboratoror trader coucthhyy. bee hek un alfsinating. what individl chois people make and what choices individuals make for countries and how it influences the. yoren ra 97. game out urreweac aue coya later when everything was unraveling and end. sc utre acing i nd uouur 's ttndt led

ouat gi le cxtof that, what happened was my father already in the diplomatic service, his job had been to be in belgre. m edme b rge, hreheth an i b in r a wntt belgrade. and then my father was called in 1838 and he was then ar an413ovakia wouldmis s ye phehef describing -- my father died sometime before and she wanted to telyou who he was. and so s rose n ley suse anng ol at ar sh tl snttio t yellow pad. >> host: tell us what she said about the escape. >> guest: what she sid was we

werelngiprau fr goo a poo pn hgellbeen hiding and not going anywher. they had sent me to be with her grandmother h mmoh k atcéd to sh rte fa ne ou and with a little bit of rivalry had vanished actually to get a stamp to g out. and th make m grdmotr aney otrtett out. ashy said that was the last time they ever saw any mbers of their family. so it was accidental in many . os tbloior ptsha omk ettoe coski anve their daughter as well

as themselves. what they are attacked to g: r.e choic nehalo t i ths dy imagined that things would be as terrible as they were. as they became and thebbit tazboteti eyeeydo wa30 and what i bieved from knowing them and knowing greatgrao e tather, they were . asni8. w dra country. my father was very much a supporter of that democracy and a youngdplat.d kneaty

gomen e ln caguut tet eiun so it's kind of not just to save me, but a peach or attic move i seem to be with those who wanted to take their country bac. lso o- n yo knw hyol e them againthat they would not have a chance to come back. >> host: our father s in argef c, tbadt tes t rcakchva >> guest: what hpned s for us while they set up a government in exile in the end. one of the things they needed to do was to try to keep up the reanigs elem atpl end d t m,or it

was. the broadcast are basically lat t whs inatg thinedut h ac olde ndt were tnkg of them. i had an opportunity with the woodward who hped me a lot on thook lk tsomeofe rd tthdaei exn hos has oing on andy were forgotten. it is now called public of dcrs oemat otg of hrcat her fathnd mother knew they had family there. but what you like to ask him about that nw? >> iould le toentlak io hte

ndevavat tot yg toryas i was raised a catholic. i did fi that my parents converted i 91. y inda.enecepialwh o mran no out ha jh roun but i ink at my parents -- we never discussd any of this. i knew about the holocaust. justdd' ol amn ati inh al n sno hai minded, especially my mother was. she doubted on her three children and onlre anldanw h fl atileeyg. soemsteff a name both must have suffered terribly through this.

i didn't know it and so, parties may sendo rbaanta a eye tdh. in me. >>inthy parent who died many years ago there so many things i like to ask now that i'm old enough to itderstand it and wcan't do t'lkut. ahrwsia us andndte sod b mistake, tripped over someone and he said he didn't apologize. he said that f u stwhthis sd ome trail. and what happened was czhoslovakia, as they mentioned earlier, was a cot ita ic cry us wotniy

moou e rh dflb d hethpahe re driven, very large german problem monistat because the south of germany d e wi mimef pled r ls.uatt elected was determined, in fact, to bring together the german population that is the itial aspect and the streams got larger. ammon s taas aot e tblnt balla gate, but in fact agitated thgermans had thernoy.neno eye go eh e he o. th nhe wth cktr

very bad integration of the ge copatioin t wewere py they were ve tired from world wariadnvrcm e e ster f england. anyways bound to make peace with hir oi he land and have been given time. and he just kept saying i want hesie t nre. h s vempnt ena

atilclid, why should we care about people in the faraway place with unpronounceable names? and so, sad to say the west, the itante ballown the river and the country was under -- it was divided in half. the slovak part bece an petstghe htp. soichsesnt tr t odlad son of the less emphatic about. one of the natures and people of

ovndr nnwt hore lnst t lok at. >> host: your cousin -- i came to live with you part-time in england. her sist molina dido llab thin' a b fm hoakutth mo wto it. >> guest: one of the things that is important to talk about this but i knew one. i did not know this story until shedtmerwe anc er a these issues when i went to disguise the fact that i was writing the book. be rsbre ened was that the a d tcehvand whasng

he still alive, by the way. nicholas winton. what he dwsdch tosoin g h shldou r. hgad ainer akes cre now. what happened ws -- and dosha tells the story, told me the story last summer a a e res adnst ded he at minute treadmill and i was too young to go. she was seven and dosha was 11 and they thought she was to ttthhe sd ec enup itus i england. my father was her overall guardian. my father also had an olde brother inning win. so -- toois

buin we found out later on this is one of the difficulties that the decisions. because of the decision that wa ma inheroat s acntronpse . anfher'otre ls the lt trains to go to auschwitz and a week later the world was over. so the little girl, her aren nt re i set so sad. when -- a side to paents decid notod sr cashd okrm lait bse woou und dne forgive her parents for what

happen. >> host: another story the peoplem hateeay th min an omn mb may. if your parents had made that end,t d'eeo escpe into goto hove dwa? ueth h hard part. first of all, let me say the first question you asked me what site do with it all at the time. i oious hadn't fully dealt wit e heinha alre hwhhi lyan not lying and i told everything i knew. thin dior asln rg fo hshial

rdtolh d tthor ehe issue was -- i think you problem prasiotiowed arobyck officially ed p i rllheka synagogue, with the names of all the checklists abt jewish are written on the walls in tiny, nynwin d e i reborut ousii 't w thod so i taken to the place where my grandparents names were. people say how do you feel? and manywysuaai d. e' wo riow ifhi. the truth is had my parents i made the decisions they made,

our names would've been on the wall and her brother and sister uld not exist. so i have to be nrib ha mtacn. t cin rze oscehe plane out that she made. and i really do feel the following way isomething too with whichoul th dw. loply fra d vet i my hor to pay back and to make a difference. and so do think it was important to writell fti einthey bi, bu 'syh sla outionutav tried to be as honest as they possibly can to explain what i think happenedwhyit happened, how my parn mh deth sihay

>>t:n aew ule yfand orvic it was an enormously emotional experience. when i went here and looked for my failyersna gr coskid noso f d surprise of surprise some other people had done research g: t tidosoinr imation agency and i had gone.

the cemetery is the most whedwst suever seen. s r nct s dno e t n ni t 09th hillary. you know, they type about -- they said the names of everybody on there. not awr >>t:t'al hecktele tc of prague who was in charge of the campaign of terror against the jewish. asinn theclittle bit abou his ld wecy hud hioskiurd >> guest: justg sn het pe he hef ep offialh

s. and people say number three, somebody who actually invented the concept of the holocaust and an womy htltion erpoto sfd fe ta e arger roles, how dare he done that he thought he needed to do in czechoslovakia. ane siase hegenuinelyorrlerbn. rnitt ul gif old we assassin. but the czechoslovak summer in london for a group of military pe tweheha flite or r r edte e hopeful that allied effort. there is question to how they fit in and let there bea ole

r sli teofthheert xioue gn a all. because it meant repudiating munich and the british government did want to do that in some legalsus. pe a fr wng aowr e taeo gornmentecided they would do everything they could to assassinate. this is a real spy story in man inzclkiop med asion i pe r t wre hidden by this wonderful average woman and they nage to. it was the only assassatioof elvnur t re. wl no the

people come to the commission late to trade for money. bit e m ichce issuesante rrtpcrya 'ss heanrsof assassination. the germans decided they would eliminate an entire thomas richard bhushan for tis. th wentn h at thlsged u. a wish for this. but i didn't know until i started doing research and looked at those horrible ad th mrn anhe ontoepofode tltee ssio so tis always up there. was the assassation worth it for the whole town to the level of? vmu qion people

d. chses mbf ilisldb for. the justification that is out ththbsh reizas aresult of eert e. frhestouer t a terrible sto. it's a story of valor, but also traitors. the difficulty of making the righthi sorsanwoh ow yea onr e d'ad cge o tis. >> guest: you know, it's part of a whol stoy. o wr. i nt bk zeloa amane mri hm enpt nd ioo ke ery else.

the's trying to figure out, you ow, will play for the foot like if te ptsouev t se t w w e hecunis en it,oual sr m spe nd ndbldi al wdered how i would behave. what i've been a dissident clerics generally questions especially if they got to n inhehaas haopha iswht , hiesparachuted, not only had them for a long time and provided them with, butw e ma b ir tm cde whohrs have.v >> guest: pretty amazing and very germanic. when the war nde so suter s.no

a trind y t: find this a difficult subject to talk about. the way i began the book actually is say that i was 5 i ug iwerng t i anso uns w oe viy 'twut myself, but i also did not know a thing could happen in czechoslovakia. i grew up with the idea that the inner war. was this gold place at the perftdeocra mitiwr tnd e itgome. i also never, never heard of the checks treated the germs after the ar. what i learnedwa hr al- ca ustwh veuc emotion and the germans really had trted the checks very badly.

i think the thing people need to understand is thegra ziadje, th cde hecj vl higher people that could be dipensed with in any shape orfr eye tet th cs win eniompto to ud nations within

the first vote side took their was to create the war

crimes tribunal for yuav. ofittlkn wayto assign any individual built. it isnot to act of coectilt b diall rttact.hohwth bi laden?l >>guest: one could flatly say bin laden was responsiblfor killing 3,000 people in the yo. a man who was individual haedthasup ar h skle

behalf to be careful not to ble all muslims are weaeo theti ht tese. eise u built this day should gilts is very important. >>host: anothe chapter, ig minister who thmmst t a anurheboou ad iiee muered with their needs to be some space. the government in exile goes beete

mpd edb e . o to u munich was a bit trail. soviet union said they would ha honoree nasstr. fr sd ed at -- treaty that if attacked the french would defend them. e et said the will come to. t they did not honor their pa. sohenever heard d theritpula n paipsfo to of with the balky it

is liberated by their bet army. coise thlrelecon te gomene the people dienysmlosesmye a debate isan is the official foreign minister with a coalition government which is important to understand. the prime minister was a communist then there was a mixture. amad o uslp.

i remember askingm a ene uiitwye t rmth a faid ell n akhands with a communist at so he tried tomn sense of identity for czechoslovakia oim wi ctioven syatly h piogr deine rn. thouin eio the next one was 1948.

ey thought they woul hav atury. they were less enchanted with what they've redong and it was clear they could lose before e election. gomend hers hoping eyliutd create new ones in the end as a result of a misunderstanding there was a communist coup. d fmiered inendttomt

idh ssse esb ec west add let him down. there have been many investigations but my sense is heas thrownu f bao ue t wae y? esomngt fiof, as i t .lba ed wa on man. my father was a ambassador

yecthgoslavia forthre veifntt. reen zcovakia to deal with kashmir. so he goes tohn i rand urou atdo olotok communist. na. or for yon masaryk who s a democrat and had a communist that the but it was a day mixed year. but his best fen were the ambassadors. it vcl my father

was reportinto the british government through all of sody h od dcr hm us i w given my father's personnel and secrepolieo. sovndr sphe s mos. wwang. r fed h >>: us w lpthe british d helped him? >>guest: they thought and

naswsnth nihen the united esihvsoy ca. became on diplomatic passport. we arrived otib ayahecon h ahopl ison ed ski >>:n it amazingsylum how many years later? would you have love to discuss this with him quick. ca tlias a rour bo bundioavt pr

>>host: your father's unfinished novel that was not finished. e heaaeris oke r. ll at hwe displa window. >> this is a novel but now diatngk rtprty an.ahit tooks tharr t oke r d portray his feelings depending on the window. it was very clear it was hard to explain what was going on or to unest

haed heveks b ot person who asks questions. at esn s nte. ts hyool ve erorak about what had really hapened >>host: i was very moved reinout the nol. yosaouthou prte gnsp foeifueat yootwat? essont onalzas. i thought my father was

nif, hee irraioale was not that kind of person. aresh st so sys and dbuom that to sidha e mton we always thought my mother was emotional end and as the right to she was glad to hear my married name would not al ih.

hoasl rs duht rein in your feelis about germany? do i get a diplomatic answer? gefchli ean tosek insizerland in school. now i understandy 19 pf madid notwn aiislin. ofmaod w ecitd udof st ecama

toeto a a friendersonal.t ofhepe and what we've tried to do in kosovo. then ho upnt a rebel. ecit talking about made no. i asked him. he said anybody could not respect authority in germany no way what they had done. weere on the phone that everyday with he french and itishpmnn tsaoh

inas esdwt possibly honor one religion while killing people of another? nadi atht iw t chen ustth history ad makes it ferry easy to be friends. i feel that way. justoag dv whaspeth rmhaeaite or wthav thavoled,ad at march 15th last year but the day i got a

call to a t gen oion stat reg. do you fake? riar sh r talked about t >>syonkw the answers. ve speculate. i take part of the novel where the man goes back. he buries his head ithe palond makes clear he can >>: thinlk about h. arrug

diplomat and he could not find his mother looking for his aunt and uncle and could find no one. vec l m er but i woner iitese dheav c hhaed ey nno eyapwi. aetoe ed states. we were a small nuclear family.

bohe d fongth ly they must have decided it was unseakable and the myth whkecideuld be changed. vein ti freis. a wish i could haveakd tabit opho id. i wish i hadsked. i had a completo. grar towhe mem,nderre uss up tn gire ntt.

they celebrated christmas and easter. ordstdein toskhd. but knowing the people they were and how they related to others aure re they must tabcha ul d c ha lin ic my story first came out if i was secretary of state. the people have told me they have the same stories. >>host: it touched many people. ofpas'esays sory ido ot

dooalth si what do my kids know? i inewahe as you tell them. otl it ayef honestly as i could. st when i finished inie nur ss a tesha er. >>effi2 s he staf e. either love it. completed my memoirists hat

idpaob fg. tart ne i believe it in public partner private ship -- partnerships. isbsd s for a new eni with muslimu mmied act georgetown. >> dd did it to 10 years. >> teacher of the year every year >> four times. but who is counting? >> i am loss one the board of international afi ellr e

rlint to keep being an oucte yn. thbrh i am very, ry busy. i do a lot ofai moewngisfromte tal tt e. hichfoodst grandson the. that was rewarding with the

itul k round. bllthanw. keto resityn poceo gibck t somebody who is a business woman, became the episcopalian and dave wh huwe ono.

kwh wo advise. >> yes. middle this grandson wheeit f isdi wonri t arctic. we've talked lot my next aged is 16 they all wentt eth eh. myn -n ' kiutntu aur] rail ae t. we talk a lot about american

noery'nheh t dlsine tunt nesbitt is my yongest granddaughter sid what is the big el bhd g staf at l te een stwelucky to talk toy thank you so much. >>guest:thinkyou.