>> welcome everybody, and please take your seats.

sc oursm tis ve brth blio aoo called "covering america" which is the history of american journalism. itn't alreah da will be if stofrijoli r y t m. tstlhstr alo pssf journalism at austin university and an old friend of mine. to give you somedea of how far back we go, when i wch, goto w w we have a fairly intimate gathering i want to have it the least time for a lot of q&a so i will spend the first 30 minutes of ts tnrt ntga hbo

dhe wgo interact with the audience for another 20 minutes or so and then we have free food and wine foliwl ackic wen haoui okay, soournalists were aays loa wret g oha uouh guy joseph pulitzer. he is who founded the school. >>ell pulitzer is a fascinating charter and great plto srcahe prly oerst ct tie om u may no, he came to ts country in a very trying circumstance.

he came as rec t ciwaie df therkius about anybody and they took this very unpromising soldier with o es, adt roansuvee l anunmsafr he thuninst. louis, and through a combination of tremendous effort,eny,ck hacists n neped il newspaper in new york city. and started remaking the world of journalism his temes ins xri li w tlmt yt. rdobrk through to the

mass circulation he was seeking. so in short order, he started rowing things into his pa eo. as oe tt ishi ul n cs fsld comic called hogan's alley which featured a little urchiweing a yellow ghhirt, ern he selouli puert riin deesdifor is discovering women. not to say that theyad been waonge hroything bututz erizs pa t iafincuss adiselth tfid togeer was that many of the pasing decisions in the household are made by men. whoaouwuenh

atstsh w y? thweheyhs that new york manufactures and retailers wanted to publicize. so pulitzer was thinking, ow can i connect thesewoe adwiherele? sh h sm women. as we know he started hiring some of the earliest full-time professional journalists. pli pismpn co wreingeo le.a oo >> fact, i don't know if you know this, but we just announce a tl tol ur li mal ey ch ry'spran att time it was not widely

known that journalism en was a commercial thing to do in life. d,tay1s, hae oar a oloulit ivty ctouma and started them. columbiaurned him down on starting a school of ournalism. he was very persistent. t iy eao in3.taon inhch z gift agreement says that the school should be in a newly constructed building and the building should bear the name of the welding. pulitz died 1. sc od 91ice brgtheir centennial. centennial. lo and behold it bore the name journalism. spatabhthas

jrey dso u tharg crg. mr. pulitzer's name above our doorway. and as of april 20, we are going to be gained for pulitzer ilng, nall ove,re >>yoowere tngs in this book to talk about that we are just going to scratch the surface but, i don't know if anybody here has seen the museum iain d. imontthst ntwnt besd ghou to build it, and it is a stone tablet in ont ioure orihkfk wihers amendment carved.

so what did the founders have i whasrnm ?t wher the ling to? >> of very important question and i think it has a lot of bearing on what's going on today in journalism. if we look at he urouisarof tcoyn a pan nimessive kind of enterprise. the very first newspapers were very small, had circulations in e dozens and maybe in the w hundreds, andty ry titeyhth compared to them these newspapers were not at all important and you know very much unr their bos. of ncp s co nepeecncrng

lil dh teoc on, and they get to be bolder and bolder for reasons i go into in the book. by0, ty floa's a certainly prngms a s olalue t y. on independence from britain or conciliation with another country. gomehowevak, atkifth thhuqti a pocarihir it's often -- the products that people are reading are often ps-amobeowhs or pocans atthtuf press, that the founders were familiar with. that press wasvery local.

it was small-sce and ita ryit. ofoin or, k nonfiction material that the staff at generated. that was not really in the cards. so you know as wes rur in jrnsm's ththis unanticipated or doesn't fit into this constitutional sceme. [lteho invented rerters? cawete tkf symst sot coast be not at all. it really was until about the 1830s. again here in new yorkcit joliamenn it anyoed

so he is going way down in the market trying to reach the broadest possible audienceand to do that he needed to fill upith ri, in gsry,fesws tpoe atns, dockings of ships and anything like that it would be fun. wore himself out trying to build a paper d so he hired th first ll-tepr,an d oi w grbl cure figure in american journalism history but i'm going to try to do something about that. >> wended journalism become a ths,ped ar ri, coalpio dipt itself than? >> most of those newspapers were created by pple who are really in another trade that is they were printe.

shiner ng e upir ,ht p could sell them stationary or sell thea book they were in there, thehit upon the idea of de.spaper is theect updace ppi d so most of those first enterprises were sidelined someone who ally would think alnd s fangnter,hat ha i. retiy odthd the early federal period where you see that sidelined disappear to the newspaper itself becomes a real foc coy fodn17anper int ce cs toa rtdeyathis ouome en

population, then in the early part of the 19th century they get going and they really ake off into the30s. atwht'iry thrsmet na i auss h , s r then. >> now week, as much as people make fun of us because we think scol.rselves as a professional and htoa -o reperou wher that ans come into being? >> that is still contested in the sen that. >> you andi he ursm rpsth ele ds wroio na. >> s&a sees it tay once in a while. if you find the right kind of a person. you c abaoooo

meoivee aptio thayod came across when we were starting out, they really got thrown overboard because almost none ie besy ercfftohe whthagegj stedleine s. a lot of the training role of newspapers and news oriented magazines and such hadbn neomd onth stioatld ta ere ol journalism. >> he so the notion of the journalists, at leat in his own mi exaed fure sc, cr wdiu t ithk mr. pulitzer had a big rolein that.

he made a very proportional argument in a series of articles he wrote in the l s. ury lytrng nas usciwa co mcoca. and the need was there for people who could understand you hecritthceorner govnmentan coab th sailor on -- the sailor who keeps an eye out for the shifting weather andhe lsdaedt f et d tnkerthis de t he nas edgo to school to learn other things and maybe learn economs or ow to re i oomng if keh

to allowewapers ce pthath thoue ieoco uge alseicic allows editors to swap and actually brrow an lift from each other. itas a great way of filling p ur napor fend 19en a oatn gomeid hth own printing capacity, so everything that they needed prr.ed had tobe joboutoa s eysy a oosrl pal of p iwewd those contracts and would be the one who is authorized to print everything. early currencies, lottery pocafar heto

o on ght si. >> so today, just to sort of get to the -- for rico doerr va fyda, there isadh ansimes it's excitement but generally a feeling that you know, everything in journalism is changing very rapidly and verygnan isleveioak hiicertit all. if you you have historical perspective what is your view on what we are seeing right now happeng in journalism? >> w ai deribenmy , healptbo in i yno tk we ngno st sta es of recurring, almost predictable crises in amican journalism. is one of these imes wnhe

bunessels t ofck thh pe o gh i on think this is a great time for american journalism. i didn't think that when i first started writing this book. it took eight years to write ndat tegng ws in o'mngnd ofrijoliec eetofag t t rof eyes. now though, i think what we are seeing is a rebth of a much al m ipet,e tipaanrsm tnkare, ksthditoran almost complete collapse of what economists wouldall the barriers to try into our fid. sofyanjuor ar, he0sth itstedtenrp

lost about a billion dollars before gaining money so the loss, a bill dls.d the yearsof hiatrk t s yokn today, some of your students could probably get a news web site going by friday and they will be st-- in einhaon stwfeainr iwda rt e r br. kif thing that journalists do today with a small backpack full of equipmt whou ie titbe, yered truckload of quipment and specialist. you would have needed the disney studios to show up to produce the things that our students do l theim

ow tinto gotomorskt iclane he gs say, it's not natural and certainly not inevitable bi ornsnalism be ousi in cosethtw nocgi that it was easy in the 20th century to thin this was the natural state of rings. now i am not so. >> ts iwat asi dly ko nesionsn journalism. one, imagine yourself at the jewish community center on the upper westside whre i very whn'eyt t te wabee all the misinformation out there

and nothing to combat it and to the days of wecron a lid erorofer stnevo, ou aratiwd were we supposed to -- how would you respd to people who say the eakes, abody can say anything? people are beinged sf eczet cocla w's authority of the mainstream media and what has happened to these big institutions? we ihor a tamoof trd is to always ask when were the good old days and what was so fabulous about them? we have very limited access to formion andtas

it n acoveio wnlyletuan eye al right. that is another thing to keep in mind. i think there wereetter coective mechanisms today da reine yrn than inllsengvo adfs u wth some -- there were some great things about the middle to lat20th century and there are some things we will miss. ow let me give t ime oo pin taie lnia bo raised her hand in the audience. why do wneed journalists at all? as long as you havegd s pulyilaad odrcgthd owrc ynot' stmi the middleman and how do you respond to that?

>> well, that is a view that is alouw,ypla aclo md atto iitwei arem with newspapers to have stacks of newspapers in our lobby every day. >>ozens are stacked up there. tom janmpiment. [laughter] well, what io t pe tndi arndbeorce, er information and learners, i think there is still a really important job for the storytelleroriatl thn w to dfohe on.

fanttic project by the national film board in canada about a grizzly bear. a fantastic story, ricand it.or taldote ons vheia someone has to make that happen. stories don't just tell themselves and i think stories rather than data is something that ithhalls ren ntst wtowito di ia co ts out of curiosity, usually when you work on a book for as long as y have worked on this book, you encounter somebody that u dn't evenknw foth heureran apfen r i couhoins book that you didn know existed before when you stard

the ook? thaque cllfexmple s ria tyl t ouis t aha dnad schooling and the history of journalism. so iwas surprisedo discover for instance a jorna e wr gbht ntc nm orfo ocd ane had the incredibly challenging job of covering washington for the "associated an 6ll tought he sgvorend co avehind e story that will acceptable to editors of all different political outlooks. reicdths aothose edirs e ngoc.

oem e. eyre all over the lot and they all have to be willing to accept his reporting. ma surtis rieribed it, he had to try uasle w untal attllmipa people were starting to shoot at each other at the end of the 1850s. he said that was his gre challee and stu. pondtre aat 1865 when lincoln was shot. he ustled from th hotel across the stret fm eer, hete this classic, hard news summary style, beginning of a

story. the president wa hoina eatot pes 12ds ecla t a t xae italy was not aware of and get played a very big part. heg efaolcang tat, utjolihas edewthg. d me ll o ocd prs" and became one of the things that the ap and cocaine it into all of their new recruits, was how to write in a way that was politically an hpoual are thinking of questions. when you and i were starting out and for some years thereafter, soofmciw k o, ad ursm

o e lyun to ensure our fields continue in good health and these wderful dynasties thatarry bl ov profits, the grahams in the chandlers. we will always be safe as long as these dynasties exists. as i oka ial evisthme noo that, public spirited doctrines will provide peop with health care out othe goodnessf eires. ow fieeehe t heinor re, so if you had the question, who will be responsible for the sort of institutional an economic healf ld ng

whs eaer

goto a ts oew repubisot al kn pee n de y tli t alwbee them. >> let's go to our audience participation. i have to ask you one possibly onerous thing. we have to me s soueain m d kist fthke ras umfr h arll be able to hear your question, not just us. you willing to do that? >> can those mikes travel? mth ang >> last question, i think a lot of us are concerned, ecomichee

uy tre bing res,ut hard red or hard left political reasons. is that a concern? is that a valid concernt yooworntpitic question, and that is cnected to the question of the business model. there was a time during the -- learndcentury y hnstition e televn, wsisns their goal was to reach 100 percent of the audience. and to put the other two out of business. li the big three autaker wd el e ddy wryo avepp akesensef you a huge enterprise with a lot of

capital invested in it. of course you want to max out. yonoreseinger onw economics o, tewn,scel ah sller aience, and each aience, an audience that is not aimed -- yana try to ing in the big spenderbut u ca me meyak me yelforng er t roo pli iet. and i think we may be going through a time when there is more polarization. it's not the fir. th is one ofhe things i desrc ery bed fondell be ut t w shou shoot the messenger over that, and i don't think we should despair. the there are a lot of things iildustl keep thuny alysolia

puhe horace greeley was the publisher of the new york tribunal iran for president and 80's 72, for ample. i m with nvonisweurst hene wco u t rl w cpa wld buy a newspaper from one of these dynasty type families we would b very, very upset. he would say, the newspaper ssnt tan o ppl o thift siss. wth c a gng anll i o t people who we think have political motivation. we say, oh, for the days when it was ne by- >>. gh soou kw, a these run through the whole history of the fid.

>>ther questions to boad. wa there grazed generation of journalists? you have any feeling on that? >> wl. well, you know, one thing that stck minhe ridg ofhi shrinhatay ou trees gerat cai d ha ta na that w done during world war ii was phenomenally powerful, and eloquence erulob h bn orpot t wh, y such i t rlo much a stake. and, you know, i was very surprised to seehat a press corps, especially from the noyuc eer ost ofrlwai

-wke a lot of these folks sofmie ae a ve o tm been selling world war one. really impressed with the qualitand the buty s t t a sheact.ein at sf n myge asa tnk really evokes his finest work. it was the kind of thing that he sof tolersouddu kw, got peopleem

ttbkm to family and say, you know, i'm not going to bother sending you any more letters. ifou want to know what the war is like you should read ernie bseis t in s miero in very early 194 right wiheeang ef .srossheated rheta niula. t oor t sip anndds of daily newspapers thousands of weekly newspapers around theountry. january 1944 under theeading, is ma homow e tall enias

heks of meals. they came lying belly down across the wooden packsaddle. first one camearlin t aser che ced bouti.w m we went out into the road. for meals stood there in the moonlight in the road where the trail came down off the mountain e ieo th th i capow of sly the uncertain to mules moved off to their olive gro. the men in the roads seemed reluctant to leave. they stood around and gdually cosheninony osd ta gsg's dy. m toonk, to say something in finality to have and to themselves. i stood close by, and i could

e iamanood wn her c dit hell anyway. he looked down for a few last moments and then turned and eft then the first man squatted dn cas hd tk athere f hdihed i s own. looking intently into the dead face. he never uttered a sound, all fi tanown.itting tre ch u en ighteds he aishco. then he sort of rearrange the tattered edges of his uniform around the wound and dug upnd moghlloi te cr.

a major masterpiece of restraint, observation, and all thisle, you kw, sug und e reseofind nice erci,ui men ste aotr, kw, the shirt collar of this dead soldier. whalabofle. activity andhe gross off nativity t a 's >> t aes tst sed i l pass there. >> one of the striking features about american tomography, the of confrmism h peopl

naivsi pmen . they stand to it -- tend to stick with that narrative. and i was a journalist. i notice that happened. oudhi. ifomodlsame wn eate t ld askance at. my question is, do you have any wod a nivinr this mn vintolu w sls a urlichat, their is a tendency, there is less of a tendency to this conformism o mor liht wasayg rlr are seeing now, i think, an explosion of new

vohe indent original, youno yreouno t hynyrsos so. younow, i think so much of the journalism that, you know, we are familiar with from the macuon,ntu was bed ohat yonorm only in this sense that you are seeking e lowest common denominator. stioer in dot of tse equalf blda ev wd bld s atu ,oste d andomrt with. and so that drive to satisfy most people that, i think, tends to rule out cta pntsf w,hoheat t busshoayr

t w may be seeing a time now where many, many more things a possible. >> i don't know if you saw a cole of yearsgohreasa byl rr, ab into. atsas,he for instance, what you're describing happens, replacing mas audiences, something precious is stmericaemracy lanus eoogher hevrolet-like news products is, itself, democracy enhancing because otherwise everybody goes off into t co yuyrgen >>ouearul wh wheood ds. in 1923 in new york city there

were 17 and eli language newspars pi --erotffing amhi they were in a segmented market, to be sure. that is not even counting the weeklies and the foreign-language newspapers and e unn paper'snd, yw, catyap souw, - heasng art a t same time as there was this effort to have a commo conversation. ioatsuiltnk that is,ou kw, jntjeonf intus through the 20th century newspaper circulation went straight down. and itasn't because individual newsrsein nepere aus y ciadanyai

hert of the 20th-century . usually one dai, maybe to a the end. >> exactly right. re.d gas as. ot- g blhe lpa for. >> i think we have another a rht.n. ur qouave erha oy >> all right. so the united states has had a freendpen ess a lge aim coyvcefu a ofeoettbute usy hat correlation, and they could be right. but at the same time inurrent

th onhen sa o c ore ctrleon i aenbeve successful and make an argumt that there is free-for-all toen tyhem itta m b a cpe astel anno. dtheeimhe cne are obviously controlling information as tightly as they can. they would argue that -- they do shis g tlphem.gd l ohingwi lp. o this country, controlling information. his story, do you think the chinese are on to somethingr some thing in between te io osnhe ivty i iorwi

new group of graduate students who arrive every september. i work with the ones to come from other countries prilef te hi aro tm. one thing i notice is that, where americans are concerned about isssh asib a rna fedany chinesetudents are more concerned about the issues like water, and order, and tir society, is shing that t hehi aut a needreng ehe u kno i or threaten. now, i don't know aingle young american it thinks about order as a problem in amerin society

eyco a fro vy, anihi t cne a system of newdiahat is linked to very much to their own history, their own experience, ecomcto orculture. thei instutions are developing. in direction t will ob entlly u ed oonolr t. they're going to ultimately favre a command economy. >> qioere. >> kno w k thae- aa.

>> yes. >> i have another question in regard to the future. of course anye can put ta p lth yhat one of theteet peod t-bo h t afineesheni states. imagine a world with the new york times nowong resisting. but you hen'tone to get the soinorxalet oong ilo, in' see anywhere in detail the depth. so thas my question for you. >> right. of te ykt me start with the t mehi houno in89y prif t current ownership family, you know, the family has done a tremendous public svice for res heewap,invti t

exiv tngs stay you can ask of a journalistic enterprise i wish themell eded, ps american in the late 1950's they would if id, wl, wto ei eyy c thep tatur eng post. they loved the new york "herald" tribune, whias the best newspaper in the country at the time. reon an ,ths, y know, took up the slack and made those investmts and did that

hard work. thititianra think we ve to be em buteanxpth erl always remain forever unchanged. that is what i will venture to say about the future. orueio.e littlent >> can you talk a little bit about the journistic i teinatynd tuan creand their friends tell me that they get their news from jon stewart dwiwh ieay t rs. d al autisry

jm >> great. wonderful subject. you know, there has been kn gay bk. dierth i d mak riheeaofs was the amount ofatire and fantastic degree of inecon frinnsp ilen eample. you know, a tremendous amount of that material is not itero otforward, candid and ve- ier funny when you understand all the contextnd get all the references, but most of it w meant to t make a

jonast rvsint to lmtoos have to newspaper towns, the first one being boston by the 17 teams are 17 twenties, competition. edthap bssepeo tao k mike down each other's stories. so, you know, it is a great tradition. ret.d like t see,no an i tffs anta amazing job of finding video to make all these points. u knot'meou th kw la i think the spirit of satire, you

know, has bn loosened up land for a long time. brgowfuleeally importantay to inht.ait >> well, i am tremendously pleased that everyone who i here managed to make it. and reado appreciat. gssha wouayhat ilwiatialo i plunge and. i hope find some unexpected plsures along the way, as i fothncbly al tkw, pfed the best part, the biggest payoff was discovering the wonderful work that people had been, you know,doing for

wi upo h ghatas. en t b,isr people and go and plunge into their work in turn in get t know them better. >> thanks aot. lanuc u n onspeal ur n eonbo profiling five reporrs who covered world war ii. co t 3isofris biogrhy o u.s. journalism in his book, suth w wulusca. . an srkatn. can ean otuty

it can guarantee our competitiveness. it can put america back on top. yot, butptalk aboutoa a . no ofvehaes congress's bavior. >> from the time i have lost control of the committeend we outhhifff ca bk g us ce i e etf t terest deduction. what about 26? [lauter] >> you could make the advantages to homeowners much more ho mage deduction to a tax credits at our lower rate. >> changingthe t cd yestyay curnt

ermars of battwonter on in lthe cpan video library. >> this book pfiles five li w cor healdbohe bhwa croit sorusa today" reporter and editor and washington post associate editor thena pss ur and ten mut. my name is larry laden, the ap bulletin executive edito for state news, a member of the book and other committ, an a --nk toyonnc rooney, home or bigger, and hal

boyle. the author is timid the gate. im excited to be doing this boforetuoonhtook ge 14t a comedian to all politicalatires, and pro creator of the dailyhow will th.soletainico the aack will discuss his book , front burner, attack on the u.s.s. cole. vi-pde tc, h eelley t mystts h bk, othetrue stori from the loss tickets of africa. [laughter] from july f, a nelt mbf naalua lliscu h nhe

dendmb 1 gaalfon d the w yorker will discuss his book , the oath the obama warehouse and the supreme court. if you would like to receive an e-il apcra oue,leelee u ou oin. l t benit the national press club journal as an institute which is why we restrict outsideooks. copies may be purchased if you non ade helw ten p t enins a producer, editor, and filmmak and the son of legendary reporter and longtime anchorman walter cronkite yeas973 glo have you back. always so long before coming back again. next is david maraniss, a

reeroctedir tasng p -ahowo histen be ubung book barack obama, the story. next to davids thenel etend ridatohn s ho bclg mo o tn baseball and america changed forever. tonight's author is the former press secretary for senator jay rockefeller ame he m tn oea seinisond pa aam ohe five journalists profiled. a graduate of georgetown and is currently a senior vice president at ahingtoavent pc ir ths th cateou mitns

. as your penpal, perched a lite awkwardly here, i managed to rror pay me a few weeks. isco t y obyd so an ngn germany, but the truth is a tri hading towards a poolside bar and search her a

strawberrymrria. gh pti knommrntent ngju puked. it was at a well-known family resort flr ik ow w h m ho o christmas day 1944 at the hotel provides in luxembourg baorllorpotsliquid ctm mae.ofas thheong fall in t bate ofhe bulge were invited to pop h party that day, including a 28-year-old united press corespondent, who too hewa a tps a

wiccasinnsoing on and ter tks wking in the countryside, purchased two scorer two bottles of booze despite thegoan he hl prp eyed and that is a quote for mr. cronkite was cronkite who had a glut of service in the orresponden d buult ae east, ybes. gh well that's what the soldier mom alanna and i'm ilined to believehm ngm sal asy eyaiul. r neyoliterary heroes because all of your aleutians kid shattered. i promise this will be a fla goheus i.t

juanouowo re i've been to have spent the last three years and h lucky i am to be paid to write some thing i care about as paionately as wowa ursmtfotes vereorons. oralc hers walter cronkite wp, an amazing guy we are fortunate to have "assignment to wus tht ovnagey, rced ong ion at in the route of those that flew at such low altitude. he was the only ameca ovddyondento abe spngndi n nw in writen, set to become

one of only two corespondence to witness what would've bn pautop ieatrmti butels cade nh clee io because the first and third army were dancing across northern france are rapidly. one month later cronkite d to heted ktad. wish. iso hnda teargtepmmof 1, in putting general anthony macola who a couple months it would thrmwhbtkmous for a so iusienat. one. homer -- homer bigart waslik kineythei myarocyinco

iss. citomov t 3r bomb group announced her that he moved to the mediterranean theater ragrtnt o codo of celebrated incident in the movie patton. i'm sure you are familiar with leesiudngiaeorge c. t ota a lways courage quoting frederick the great. very controversial moments. the recent patton wanted that commando raid tom owrdi hd rtre o nddiatb rrd put a iy e as the great tug-of-war with truscott.

homer bigartltr ed tw ohech tazi veth ieatio andy rooney of the "stars and stripes earned a medal for going on five cob raid netol noba e grspec nnd ted where he stood shoulder to shoulder with two other guys. they were all covering the firt iatmazibt asngrt oucaexatr circumstances. purdue is the first correspondent on recap the ch a fro tgt hesongrsl

icorspn i awl death camp at who controlled and off the labor camp, just an amazing wod war iicrr kd,j2,2 arden tapg. it is living at "the new yorker" flood the storm troopers across france in 1940. heas a grencfaly t ovibio h lopaan a noaf, brilliantly. con christ great water service adversaries, robably bro he ochr. literally its first day can mistake in the eropean theater all the way through.

was theirst amecanewer on cen wew acote nred s, prersdso mman d. just an amazing seri ofgy thejunic ndbs d bay tc t rf m leaving out hunters during moments. bolkisd'm d tuy hstawh lpatu tim wendall writes everything, especially baseball and world war ii. his stuff is very ch in the grecian ahyta. m g tr. yln lrr s licogefitay

pt-nody r rt t great pile of betsy wade is still thank heavs with us, great "new york times" edir who later worked for "the newk mes thn veerar od apuerne w s time. two-time pulitzer winner, spoofing the pretentiousness of it all, brainy peoplee had one journalism's most prestigious artietehreto e hey hpoe hehioo urnm itn david. and it used to be tha --et e itms o eta ait hewertave w le w whe lights and the rights, but with data sets you can. longer fmsotemgecb fert

n e t h gre joe liebling and david certainly can. the most frightening words in america us to be michael moore is in theby damass i tewiouxgrln ug] it's not easy bing the child of a famous person, escially when yourrealdseyb 'srod ea i okm rm hiro rted three years ago. i caught a few weeks after he sat back and which could not have been an easy time for him, could not have been ore pefuorac, bett whn thaly hi, no h before.

went to his dad's personal papers, dug up a bunch ofstuff. copoce cvedstwrim shkebselre ftto everything. i am delighted that chip son of the walter the fourth is working wihiprofr will be wa cit fivetles int, defy anyone to read the letter the walter cronkite wrote to hiswife, betsy on chstmas eve in 1943 and no ro. iptetha in asau buhaoaeseps he abubber, too. early on, chip and i were exchanging e-mail does so for vi thid bhe classi cbs

o thnepdtba dramatic recreation of the events of december 7, 1941. nathan, could you run al >> soundproof area and c ws iw . rerlhen ont ai. n fec p p >>wek this thing and say hey, that's a guy he used to be on a gman geie. so iiedmilip ta f hsesaa d g it. he's going to think, no culture

do we and i just shot y so it aoelguyiogwa e o b. t mf tw colar my computer be. it was chip. r co enk. s llt crtoeehlyw l iam f n clamation point exclamati point. having bonded over barbara en, hed themes we can explore here, but i kind of boiled it down to three and especially how those three teams affect the two great correspondence, to grered axa pae nd r ref r s.

er te d oer rtthdentd do inwh they did really ugly month after month in early 1943. the first thing is h hse be t.pbi sow etir grs ug tth could cover a global conflict. not to put too fine a point on it, but we are talking about oil cok ngr. wgue rnals. evwas guy when he worked he can't the ciy. boyle specialized in covering street crm. thtoug tweery little aboutee adr kof le rto ariff. this is from chat or three.

paiai bigart hae lid a fu "yoim or sbs raf ar a a oeyma ih no foreign language, no foreign experience, no more knowledge of coglfrhedlgn worera e ra dibe r jus dirtth stgel nhad bradley, and stirred something within cronkite, rooney and boil that they may not ve kwn they . kirotot hephal eco ok t g to cover dead and wonded soldiers day after day. there are no shortag of femts lngo harrowingnd d

e cyyetal f i don't know if you saw robert make deals review of my book in sunday's post, but i was so honored toourlistwoul ve iewe t t cal mre a en tebo t ys akhotr r and created the greatest era of press independence and ki around.ofaeicity so with that, a second ago we were laughing about the historical rcreations o the pbs as prt inhan ipck san rual ato stof ebii o os yndou rawo run around, nathan, could we run a clip here?

>> again germany and italy a wellsj tesedenann prepared tightly as the war rolled on. pearl harbr began the long, hard atrk road toto ro ecalatiwji in liesl t llde tbatles ss bhere of the japanese. equally hard the road equally heroic or men who fought on the hot sands of africa onthe beachesof thearmy ens enu in f os fo freedom and equality. a daily callds lm r . o q sofad

o wn ct i? >> that's what i fgured. here's our first kind of wh s thawwss t atorwai of journalists?n gat wider sister the sole to see stuff like that? and just gong to openit u to youy. >>l,ulcumyl ne. houmyself because i was there. th question is meant to be historical, notesadn lym otom nis sny journalists today and there are plenty like him. ihtt.y counterargument.

y t tis to ur question, but the thought that i was -- i was about 12o> rugn eert see vividly. but the thought struck me was 12 to 14 years after world war ii, the world war ii sems ancient it'susmply o e m he by bos ant ac2 4ar ar tiddle of the clinton administration, which seems like yesterday. bitterly. and so, just the a diffence of thatra,thg nn r d ii amalhasik asmadft ti ac completely.

that's when the world changed so dramatically. >> to the koea awtse t thrgnr >> no, i'm sure wes and at the moment. the other thing is younn, iperroy ery jnallu buy'uc ermimoof rmn miinon and different fors of platforms of informatin. it was so simplededicate a ithnk led e dene uh u i think there is more positive then. i mean, we are in this you're right for the blog and e har'

nninreurha mb. bvut the voice even today as thatertainly has the authority, but also maybe because it has that pause or has thbo ak b a c dpan, o. veifltt fde days simply because, you know, the gerbils are running faster bto yucued else andi'sa e tngatesuy teaofhat is the kind of completely were emblematic of the gis. you know, these r drastic guys. sorssayeiely pofesna i that. mt >> when i see cronkite, i see

oom. i see someo o hdu ge. ans tsi personalities. their abrasives. it's all polarizing now. it seems to me reprente eboutb rit ihnky we have such nostalgia. >> i even wonder for a lot pull things together theseas t tnehand bi rng tneat thor il teng to thr audience may be. >> the only thing that strikes me as if it's true wth 40% of high school senis believe wi-fi brescia anworl a, m itit e.

iklidein k-wh bhe g bmeg anto h is >> i don't think human nature changes. i think the culture changes around it. so there are may people who thad p oe withfr chgi? woit split? >> well, continuing the ame theme, nathan if you would show that still picture, which is inphabl but'll ep. >> there it is. at's f th of bse ou hspealrssenhlnegot ha wtwo. [laughter]

>> which is why solurred figure out what it is. anmegatag greatwle rnit on rkst33d d ouidtwbtter, with his worry was peter graves and william holden? [laughter] d not the good an, owm research and correspondence to them on that that photograph was taken in febuar 19,194, xy reien o hy. esguav eiby u.rm air force on combat raids. they were right i the middle of therppt enhe pgr bee a weather, bad

day's msion had been scrubbed, so they borrowed a couple bikes, ta nncuttieund the nyse onow an pitchers of and dandy for the photograph was taken. you can see mr. cronkite ened tholeat surprise palmer with this. the sign read keep off the gra. aur] of.osske a asth i jsl ak. w solyamg to think of february 19, 1943 they were both anonymous frien had do very little to do esblish themsees in the wartime

es. ofta h y ntanmaobg. a enig ic july of 42, but we only bombed germany proper three times at that point. think about that for a second. here it isor two months after ac tekfinhed t on re ro ter he th ih dirlda hitler. and yet it's taken on this time to get the manpower, the material, everthing equired to mount a meaningful ngcn astle h nfbu26 1943, the writing 69th as they call themselve they also call themselveto find typewters and after a few dio oomed

b-17s and 90s attack formation, the original object inen. fgrt sohey ended up attacking will holmes, great uoat pens on the north sea it s thnde . erta me t .. tac rihe. tca a og. el in daylight amin. they called the strategic mbin isvearn wa thweo te sr spreare turned around to return to their bases and these guys were flying completely exposed ov the north sea. absolutelyemar

hw6,e gocota missions. let me give you a little flavor bi was.taiter training was we didn't realize until the top the'veune oo60nit aek. ot o title. we were told we better know how to shoot a gun in case he got in our enimhe stioda e entourage with first aid, aircraft

identification and teaching out, liop t et rat by parachute or the station. the lieutenant is a pleasan lad from starkville, ississpi t dirs agnthlde t po a ieych plswd ivsgaem thnha red, merely telling you are writing for the raf and wave them on. ot tergenalgan wasn't alone. tt cel ealff and ha i t goe that 30,000 feet. another urge them to counseling on a swallow after takeoff to relieve pressure on the eardrum this isihoro aer d iff ae,

ole e. ncftatar verified altitude could be painful and hazardous, he also prescribed gaseous stas such as beans, chips and r cabbage ande ratli hp theg fs also be supposed to eat and drink? the aircraft recognition as a yorkshire native namdbernard nnl. teerhvfomeou ze combat action, a fourth of them overgermany. but it's yorkshire accent was battling a firstbak oe. du onef pheal eeit ig ter it developed he was referring to aircraft approaching them eat up.

cronkhite rmembered hetor barinig tte th anadmcing is the parker gergen, a mighty nice aircraft. it helped our troops on t run in hsr oure udw a i lp ttou norway. the huricane as a matter of des. was essential inal he gh ayey e piece. of the three planes, the only one that hit by theirgra gho hlai ee'

bi sve o oer cronkhite survives. d gaclth and meet up with harrison salisbury ttepbi aaksoerans h ipo ro pnsed d anginal fraternity member of the writing 69 reporter for "the new york times" has be 24 had been shut down. code b,btsdyes a ee anhundvrtl h ing 69. there've been big plans for them to go on constant bombing missions. but as soon as people realize just hw perilous it was, that was al caneled.

re eng a l cronkite went on incredible mission with the 26, lower mohs bore-dayavor of 1944, five thttcln ta er heesack to england and cannot say it was the e1rocket launch site. he has touse uhemish o h ipat isoot r hosinu fo that mission and then produced a tomb at saint c. connie rice told me i could go on thisti. >>ywe glyped thtinin ee

>>, re were. >> is fascinating. chip stack, cocience free thpaic atbsd am some six was the ways god hammering away. interestingly, bernie, the "stars and stis gychos seedn tonkeep pack a train track of the fighters are the bombers over the north sea at 300 miles an hour. they were coming upin h ven ofa ud shooting back inures cronkite who's never shot one of these ti foe,

i yotnku this. all the other b-17 with her in the oration. orarsoedth stfhs tat howntee. it would've been impossible. they were close in the at bi woreda . >> how many of them wrote obits across that same day when they thai ut chips

that would've been up for two days and then writing but became the famous aignmentthe mmnt atply sfd s wad adno a t, erary ,he day after he is composing his story, cbs calls and a guy named john trolled daily. ros reember i? anyeeot?hs e og. searckeswhat's my line in the 50s. daily was one of the immortal guys in london and interview imsis.that t toet s asterme thvepe o. usoo ahet ysn inathe an tutof journalism, what'sour assessment? what you think about bigart and cronkhite togeer at that point in their live? >> atheyi, bsa sokite--

mohecef fdl someone in between. bi, usamwtad authority and thea in tortasak or even later really, bigart later became one of my heroes jal bsesf most ar ienilan ns o ajust everything about it seems absolutelyperfect. so i mean i think ones the voice of god and the oh s e voe sh c has rtr. opwiheuy, e tve bee together cumbersome spurred them o

we are talking earlier how green di p tin an experience in e of en oltte guys. but on the other hand they grew up in a hurry. they grow up in aurry because of thelatte yond f emulate for someone evav odat latpg the a.bo ghxt er they are setting the bar kind of hi and you're feeling you've got to set a high. ne h rtngey inoutk

it's taken some names that are somewhat commonplace imago we haven't heard asuh bt, eealdt nd hitwalot and how they in a sense i would be develop their aebcu f coy kt. >>ars ncbl ueebeginning with any bernie during the war because bigart always ask him despite the debilitating stndard, alys astno wh a y wengs? itmsme o t lat m persistent. i think larry is giving me the high sign.

may 10, can we skip ahead to the last couple oftis ksche e ofcsy cnt ady pl se as19bss cuar i see some heads nodding that mr. cronkite did with the great eisenhower. if we could, would show to quick clips. you may want to stand up to see ose causit er eaonthoo, pp. >> ceem he, w nalngdo, but there were these four avenues and that's what we're trying to getthrou. and ourstheydepe y o.stdwa h ♪ >>nk atwh ie

i think we are kind of running out of time iazza nathan, if it oay, can we s a t fitit ti knthe e hi oobgse normandy cemetery above omaha beach. and this wonrful dumtay hco 90th division. juices flow back, 29th vi. te ameht e ey tyonrb kentucky. i think they found00by

i sstof t ses arorlooking omaha beach. >> 67 of them are takenhm tamreth ale. ismryicu llte da casualties. most goes into the normandy fighting i >>y gre e

[inaudible] >> and of course this is just one of cemeteries that stretch from here around the world ly >> d-day has a very special meaning for me. im not referring merelto the pafsedi iates r were e-mail for manyundreds of boys were going to give their lives or be maimed forever. fron r hisgoes backsotn traini, there were these divisions that came over the the 71st ivision. t womett th ywa

wi other allies. destroying these beaches for one purpose only, not to gain fulaisfaore n conquest, but just to preserve freedom, systems of mthnd e ornment i the k. ideals. here again in the 20th century as for the second time americans along with the rest, b ersenth lu here's had a very full life t

meerec tywf d an e were wondering in i'm contemplating about th eecufi hei experiences of going through life like my son dvu ilnven se ind hope, pray. but ese people give usa

ce tm ru o a evti akt these beaches, to the end of th day when i think about the day 20 muin mwyt r oy once more e and to gain for this world. elowo sy i'noal yo'v eertth jsu were happy to answer any estions you might have. >> what do you think of the common gis staff at a time f at sca y eo hr nd what is his cause?

what motivates them and wh makes himish ohme e? >>hihere things. the spread of beautifully and citizens and solers of all the great books he wte. au.was really about company, isutkior or thdeism and all the rest of nobler when it came to bat to international combat on the ita t tt me sir. [inaudible] >> he told me once i'm not a bright man. i'm not a military man. i jut tawanna makexc t i 'tacate

this. the great admiration he hs, which i think later translated into great at uion o thcombat missions were n ime ht than one in six or inhaintcv kis at breakfast. they would fly off in a leased tent% come inme%od o . let me say i'm not th only

personho rolls her eyes n asd the people of the united states or how ined athopofte edtec 'v lse people i may be less than spiring moments. but walt cronkiteand h rtugmens [iib et. iinedur. sts re quite extraordinary. has there been another book on stories like abu oved fi nthisuyno o hig t t

. [laughter] will you buy it if i do a? >> it is a fascinating story and it sells. reere omn war gets oed ce r thfo pawn ipulitzer covering the pacific. and so, i still love homer and would love to do it one more . sr >> dhiokeab anstl tl it about the genesis of the book. >> my buddy from georgetown univerty, fellow histo buff, wh cnkpa ainar iieot ind healed mails that we exchange with people of note leave us, it was pure everence.at tdeoft

ecat cit sp bct oaset that come so few oituaries world war ii was like an afterthought. youw,as o, b ome ss yt whrtepi of all the issu that we associate mr. cronkite with in the 60s and 8 fvamn e edsaatof thth a mont n't wrong. if mr. cronkite were with us countee was a world war ii real define. aeill defer toyo ifw w th wnt n

too.

every bit as tough and ornery as homer and homer was no misogynist. power would return to, jus as anend dfg got a. - knhas oig. endcmdwn . insktein, homer said really? who is the mother?aur] attirpepoég,mncd merha

once were up t courage to say, which of those ties is true? homer saidys aur] otets,m'. >> -- how does the fact did -- [inaudible] alwaondehow opleiv eive ferin hou anver talked about it and i have never asked questions that i wished i had. at saen o thhsfthe >st an >>t vedyas their own war presumably. i've never been a combat neither. tas t t eroiotot to bring the

d know. >> yes, sir. ud] >> lbj's bad that if cronkite were with us if el was othte st pursuing something valuable, i'm just wondering especially a chip could answer this, wht is the fa'sidne othin at hos me kihir,ld i ldbehe r wwe l the non-korea, those were his cat measure of.

>> well, no more esreot ituestionably right against wrong. it was so a lot shorter from our point of vw, muchor ns it orqc. legt quicker. this war today that we are in the 10th year ohamc fft h a l s usn acks a ery small number ofus. too veerad.if gtocome bac, we're

told to go right back. w i itoaktheqenut tion of all of you and it goes back to what i mentioned a couple minutes ago, but mr. mcneil is suggesting that i exaggerated adye na aonle ofon they made it absolutely is an essential part of american democracy, which in many ways have not been before. th catedi b h ea pe deenndnen st i d tow d gepeos reaction. yes,ma'am.

>> i did not tend to react to the stspeaker. mydtat ifr da iiaka. monerreappared first navigator. and he told me personally great admiration for walter cronkite th ty urhen my w oki sorsaus. yone thought that was mething to do. but he asked my dad, di he ever gr whewsdopime on the re aiedo bot . juhibo mission. ..

>> they often didn't talk about -- they couldn't. they kept secrets back then because they had to. >> i wonder if your question about whether theta ic r,t shcoor r, insnchi th ely hc jourlism that ce about thereafter is the same question about whether theeroic total war that was theolna

r oitesh tihme rw. tihah ect us as individuals and as a society, and there's nothing else like it, and we have not had something like it, and so we don't have that sort of thing >> ih t's a an artoom i thevoon w was incredible again for the odds against you and the support we had to have from friends and how wealmo lt. ys -- ? otgo [lteh. l,on. [laughter] >> can i say one thing? >> please. someinib cmbt did inaurat vim.st tgh ea an tchdin >> because of the depression of

the gornment sociay and rules after that. >> yeah. i wish we couldave gotinto ceor becses scinsuer s,? sinof tssoh mald tpl- >> sure. >> generals told -- enlisted reporters what to write for onm ,emridtr," and h c atyti ig h,ah esuteth%. . seere las one he wanted was cheerleading from sts and stripes, and early in the war, they had raw editorials, and he told them to cuit o. anneas pof t ah t o generation, many, many world war ii movie, and they are characterized and caricatured and how they we viewn thti a ur

exenitur,ow yoarathe about them in their role? >> well, i think like your sea mas' dhey aci, d arlnd t prtehat thppatinir ststo,h appreciated the fact checking, and they -- they -- i've heard from vietnam vts ttey >>eaqio.kwh. inbl >> right. i think one of thehings the areed t t ve cspntd tresine sey not ery day or not to the extreme, but they were there.

the reason ernie pile was popular at the binni of e cotaarou, od wofuresti dveimtoetnt boyle, but he called himself the poorman's pile. i write for the people who read- who --- i'm wi [lter] ite tpl wd ni er therof os rng eie. [laughter] man, did i screw that up. beeo is amazing guy, handic inm harold t. boyle. that sounds like you're an accounting proafertion esm hmea

dt medof notoriety among them, i think. what was the difference, and, david, maybe can comment this ybet t ri ahepece he rrnd irlr i da ynt >> welli think it was -- what the difference is, aside from thers so o a curdiffences ffcelt u os yeofeelns eee s military, and so i just don't think that, you know, as i said at the beginni, the fact that mo of theolsn d ii usro iou wrs,re mh closer parallel between them, and the press and the military now are

to-- up fortunately,wo ca h ouise ple e utut'su a t acles to overcome. >> and they were emdded in just one ut. they were not allowed to -- pectendsokn ho itece t leaders thateisenhower didn't want. >> right. in italy things went sideways thelf d enthaitended ung a ar e dge wot etey every day, and both, especially with the pointed reporting,nd got kwwi ariy, ma khoid wen bk p

it, t th other guys in the miserable stalemate that took place in both places. you know, they printed the ces thes b ysure,he cr.em lof y? won oim b one more question. >> janet, make this brief, will you? [laughter] >> nowadays we have lots of film thharet toweets and lo o thyedtha lrs thuture?ce >> absolutely. [laughter] [lautes >>ahveisan rrabth ea aliry ounlye walter's stuff to betsy. thk of he was tweeting, reduced to 140 characters. you know, when he wrote a letter

theirple hwa d n p, chinrith tal arnent or two and a half pages of sweet nothings because he didn't think he would see her again. extraordinary stuff. well, guys, well, tha you s ch hayo la on m more ses alabts half, and

this is a drug, you know, most of the drugs make the animal grow faster so they make more mone but this drug i thkiglha senatmail d esafhe drug's in there. this weekend on "after words," martha looked behind the pu hh.rinheo and d rnhjuo ficyndiat 9 foktv this weekend on c-span2.

as a "washington post" brfo sren working underen rs rioptote oun t," bapf bry erth eare journalism.

this event is 45 minutes and contains language that find viewers may find ns ud crsns gen madah cne onwi my wife of politics and prose, and behalf of everybody he at the store, i'd like toel ho o yhoat o aucos osee a te hor her book is released. most times, the authors will have appeared i at least one or two other plac before achi dr h n rv tws gati b tht al h a w eus [laughter] this is the first time that jeff is speaking publicly about his new biraphy of a er hino er, i

alygeteat ntrs e roy flaired las week when a portion of the book was excerpted in "new york magazine", and the fallout had "wngpoen baher bry.thaen llveo j addres the substance of the disputes, by the biographys neay 500 s anpe sts rav rews un t engaging, and it captures the much celebrated brady imhisrg aioura,fa, joli mr.o.apers, and to many

f je takes up the first 30 pages or so of the book with a lengthy description of how the project evolv, this it boo bit bey ast a bk a bradley, and jeff notes that early on he began to sense the trickiness of writing hif in this book, and as times it.

if you want to ask a question, step up to the microphonehe, ph aoi i welcoming jeff himmelman. thyo m fo, aor b h i had a couple disclaimers, and i was forbidden from using blue languageand 's vry bor t ten le oursor y b il lo [laughter] for those of you who read, as

bradley said, those who readthe revi in e tu, r e u cto dioi.hyo b bisbn, i k raai at being a 500-page book a a portrait of who the person is is true, what my goal here is tonight is to convey some of who thouwii ht h ivg d, y adab hso ack rdrt working -- actually, with ben andot writing about him. i ended up writing a book with his son, but as i wasworkg wave mes td ch, o wnoe e gst ast abitfbo th a big set of letters. i was in the office, pet try fied of talking to him, and the way i go to know him was ro erndt loanpege ase

owo k h fit letter in the book is my favorite. it's from 1977. a man had written toatharine fa armsbmu tngr he ges caof woure drging dn what used to be a wonderful newspaper. in my humble opinion, i think the persons responsible for the "washington post's" decnear am. bee ofomwhi te pecker woods. the respse. the letter reminded me about the story of wc fields sitting wi dri in tare d d as rrd fi t tecryrse ve him an equivocal answer,

andthat's bmi bee geat fr, bno eais peared on a panel, and the editor, or the editor had wated this panel, and he said how ironic it was to wat dispyroeu stth tpu she es gog and after another paragraph, he signed it cordially and sincerely. ben's response inull orn rof ar aaney thrrt.y ca aio se ps i mmunity and give them what they want. nobody calls you arrogant that way. no one calls you a newspaper man i'a se t y, ong ualndf [lte thst twi

loves, a letter to an old dci, a legend of the journalistic scene way back wh om82 arnk iten swg le. dveal tt g chon m oha thod cbs for trying to steal woodward, worrying about the raspberry plants, and up to [ltei et e lstyl t a s uaasbe, knt. prly't as famous story, and his retirement roast, and there's a sour reporter named tom, a selfri et uend am an'cry a scedr ive eson for you, and he said, what is it? she said, is dickhead one wo [ltewo?

tt ve yseth r n w tey y ial toff inr g. ouhietd ve this in the book, i brought him a letter and said, gosh, you know, did you wor hard on t letter or think about this? he saida nuerf ler yoaruoupu i aur] to b--'svisly about more than the letters, and the book is more than the letters, altugh the letters are the heart of the book and the primary documents that i came across in the course stec tyele shngruo ic e, tne the most entreing things i discovered, it's a man who privately didn't pull any punches likedon't bl, e t m reg g tim thokft tme knhi as his personal

charisma, his way of being, and 2341969, -- psat wniethere was n, a pcid i udh har o68d er ce interview, 18 pages long, the memo of it that this psychiatrist took, this guy falls in love with bn, and y read 18 ,d y w t ocun,'s ge ancs n 8 18-page typewritten record coluding i left the interview feeling i had greater capity as a human being jst from having known him. [laughter] psat, aus he wh ony eathnthers? if you want to know why he was a successful newspaper editor that's it. that's it. he made people feel they had a anpideroo to go out and get it fiin tbonhe

errogybee ma, 'st nd k yon imagine. one of the first historical end seeds in the book is the peagon papers, and the reason thato is beus b waatno pibth nt ps. pogu out who it was, who they wanted to be with the reporting in the publishing of that story, and there was a puomngat kci to t pengon puhenor t ttmofoatul unfold, and he wrote to her in 1968, a memo no one saw, one of the gems i came across, and h told her he wante to y h ishre e acets blionddt' hesaayutis is why i wanted to do it. it's our duty to publish news

when it is news and at means wh we learned deche foioey cke instpc oiol napha ysoan tess tsu step perceptible, however small, out of the newspaper business. pus oof bnebune of these steps atot i. prreeatbsend a newspaper that yields to any one of the pressures sacrifices a precious asset, the vitality and commitment and possibility onne sha tusf gnghewsirfwe n'int? imannl o reasons are ironclad. that's a pretty gangster policy of what the policy is. [laughter] mo.the pentagon papers was a ieen iner.st'heen thst gthap

eme bheo an it drove ben crazy. ben and the national editor of the paper knew daniel, e -- le t r,ndeyllo ve o 1on ahuy, d th p the story out the next day. throughout the course of the day, hashed it out, had the lawyers saying don't do it, the ole nine yards, and want day ended th a calton' ustha sie, ayo d. ha mntey would both say laird, and everybody concluded at's when the washington wash was born, and sets up everything that was to foow s bao tst 5,wa aewk, came to dc largely becae h fell in love with a woman who became tonybr, ann 1,

as bauhi r t badid ddlas kiof leaving, wantedo keep him, took him out to lunch, andthen he came to t per what ha a w me hete dmo t reinnd wee aeporter. i'll read in ben's words. wrote a moment moe to a foreign correspoent and laid out way he was trying to wi the wsr. wery takt fr. u ipras afo re or and add individuality and illusion is an effort to remove the hand, the vailed stand, the phrases that keoonclat thtio men wetirautyd

as qtyto wax in this paper. you got those calls. they are valued. we are talking about something differen tilt. bewsr dinhe fordial a thas ben's mission in 1965, and shortly after he became po i mendstrer in 196 most thas b i.t thtpfot. he put aeam of people on it, and shortly after being the executive editor in 1968, there were memos flying arou, and 234uary96yl iome. topeadrecued eva a ll tell you that ben was the first and the style section was the first, and when i asked ben about the style section late, i realize

the style section mterifuls t pfunoan thyl ioesaut k ey greatest legacy. i said, really? watergate, the pentagon pers? he saidrom a jna rsivay attish shond ofes t wrs were set free to fly. that was ben'sic vision. it's an important part of the pe at pofaper andar onhithapdt tey da before the first style section ran, but i think itets up everything that whpl h91aser is wn loct, a he found

crazy stuff. ben had a meeting in the office with svings and loans guys placing ads in the paper, and he walkedver to dy'sk an uhri i , p tdvsingro wsr. this is downey speaking, he said, well, i think my heart stopped. i didn't kw what to say. i was worried about what ben loa aajuet. in p,os million dollars in advertising, a lot of money back then, and i never heard another word about it. imagine that conversation today. st igi re, ty. extn "new york magazine" focusing on watergate, and i feel i don't needto talk about that now i want to rea oneovelte anenosn treo t

fo wr atti aho hben waonhe brd ge.ipe wd san bde s wheyhould have got it,nd screwed us on this one, and ben's version of that meeting is this. th oher'souem, in the lst ulvepi g mee. aur] this is a colorful man, folks. he heut ael thegrgh it.

k graham is different. doaym,nd, hehings,d t opunras estate and legacy, and gavee a box of ben's correspondce, and it was revolutionary of their it wh rimbapand e of th rtndinat mt ent rss diveen ben had courage, but so it k., and i tried to find some way to sum up their relationship in the fo a lepetey goack and atwae en dckbth b tilyodalow wo, t's what's important about it, but in 1995, k. through him a book rty when he mireuo

feic yhoreo sew i h ve t a 473-page book. at the end of the party, he realized he didn't give her a book, the woman who made him a at ef ohe e . ar ye he m yo b a jus partner who makes my heart leap everyime i see you. there's nothing that can change that, not even by owmss d p ate weed wevhi ccre. love beep. that's a wonderful summation of who they were and who they are. i don't nt to talk for too ch lgeh wto aca ny esitlan ird t, i d nx i that one might want to talk to me aout it, and i don't

know how much of u are famili wit t jtke y, [grbaou w 98edet cke, they put her on the poverty and drugs beat, and she heard a rumor there wasewrolc ti sof u, shst ofit, drd w sasut doing her reporting a tan tillizing bit of information from a drug treatment center ad tcaorrent was an 8-yearld brtckhe ifet inta s ha moment, janet decides, okay, i'll get it. she went out and went out and couldn't find a boy, couldn't ndho mede rin,ltelhe citoe nd otpithve,e

vidlof impressionistic detail that people didn't buy right aay, but it survived tedia oce p the ty, rone but created an identity for h that was not true. ran on the front page, an sahere lng ttome upnd erich e shest there was scrutiny, andhey stood by the story. it likely would have never been discovered that she made it up prinprf fwiwon teli ar era irth ke l ai n on w the fure writing pulitzer prize. that category had been created two years earlier by ben

bradlee. ittrngw d s e eto ude -a, wins the pulitzer, the post reprints the story with a beautiful shot of her, and then the next day ben's phone aneyinheete,d hd sns inic i bio that janet submitted doesn't match the bio on file before, a in --hat b t arnkau tne , nnn,i toan cleof days to really just say i did it, about 36 hou so. what happened next is the reason a ivau h hry rpte oshon

st what do you do? what do you do if youe ben bradlee? ben had be part of --it k alhi etionof on beliesman, and so ben couldn't sign it, but gave free reign. everybody at the papill cooperatwihi iry ernoertac t lsd, t h w noi ge first. when people asked him about that at the time, and when i asked him about it, what he said is he learned the lon iner, thss are nlwcr t y iathtre, t ydo rnd w n arby opening up the whole paper and with don graham's rticipatio and the reaben man n

llenho a e he ounds ofhest niieof 4y journalism you'll ever come across, and i relied on it hsm because he talk to everydy after it happened, but tha menthen n sdreo inoovt g rss,t mtav m o f aime. one of my favorite, favorite letters, and then i'll take questions in just a moment, is this kid at ye,and ihao rmon t uny er too daernd i said, i reached her on the phone, and she called from colorado, and i said i want to use your dad's letter that says peckerwoodndall of t d the' cfung, d oetd. aur] o i f es foisro, g k i wedtose the

letter, his name because his me is obnoxious sounding, and i reached him, and he had no hed cust,stot cate am wnebessod e a media panel, and they asked ben who holds the media accountable when there's a mistake. he said the readers. the brevity of theep a eses wmg otbefie veemasth an ust'ot lile e iceoi n soon forget the pretty ser hoax, but an early chapter that could ieembe t ln anine t sne ho?pe p very truly yours. this is ben's response. my god you've t pompous at an early age. yo phrst a

muheia rnd thshon p admitted to inaccurate reporting before anyone else. you saw us do it the ont page. you saw th waingtost ole a eri. undtu tpuer prize. there was no other step i could have taken. unique in american journalism, really. inti sd kchless at yo ahige foou 8 a ocke wve ao ra club or whatever, try to think for yourself if i may give you piece of advice. [laughter] i todwo qer armpntaule wsgo onye in the last 10 days. they are long, and i hope you

humor me, but i think they are important. on is from ben andhe other omar rs bav sh ri o9 brenin si, d is very hesitant to point towards a deeper tth. you get the story today, take a biomw,ve algeno atheloy, tth er 'sin cph, i k i a ry important statement from ben because you almt never see anything like this. this is april 16, 1974 in atlanta. there's many obstacles on the prcee psoan erra s a t is t he thak e he h he time, we're writing only the first rough draft of history. more than any other profession, we are legitimately subject t thsess - is der ersd

n'eca. 's produced in an adversary environment wherthe goals are reported inherently conflict with the gos of the reporter and the reader. it is islyfl meg he ftnd, re oer ththre, te'no li ou ont, there is no truth. then in terms of what ea toepog i k rysad thsrye metro editor supervising the reporters and ikethin smbn the werga and wiimt my o dot lethct- reporting, but that was it was going to pose questions about the narrative of watergate

as it was handed dwn. ai kbhi waats pld tthru. t n tnevy last detail, it was right in more detail than any story i ever dealt with, serge with that tenure. it was brass, solid. thbue th,thd reroin shupeou aff o a the paradigm was set by our watergate investigation. everybody earned his stripes. evybody. thctt wot rfhuei e hn'ke iin ts powerful statement. at last, my favorite letter of all, and then i'll talk quesons. thisisin 1992, ahe a ctat ofo erio gag r f t bee fs,

ab ben, and i hope it comes through, but this is my favorite probably of all the letter, an it's advise to live b for all u yolf l .s ulveeheme itkke aritaso sn b deal, fuck them, ben. [laughter] thank you all, very very much fr coming. la thank you. any questions? yeri ew tibo e l ewfok and in an upcoming issue, anyway, it's online, revealin mike hole land's bk,l -

e. lspeto rwur abitit di etor rew books or "leak" alone, i'll bring up the new york magazine article pointing out that the essential o things involved ar notevym erk gend tre knifyreeort, t cof the new york times can verify whether or whet woward tth tnd e istrtheot llut is watergate, but when i get started, you may wish it was watergate. years and years ago i kra shwn fzzey d e.

w,ha stuationwo years ago with a granddaughter wanted to have salons up in her >>loe. not far from re. thobtsrepe t uo g t . it has to be in georgetown. i'm not going out to hicksville. that tells it all in terms of power anfluce aro ysndha i w. >>sominup ounks ib t the post seen more backbone in the approach to persons and power that it regains influence and generalphgr's me ha aduen itucffte. t t eor teinec t question is what happened in the wake of salongate, a direct parallel to jnet cooke in a lot wa enthpe twa

nvgat t p bra'sa te d eeispp, g how did it happen, get to the bottom of it. that was the example set. that didn't happen. that's a definition of a culture shift. isino feou ts, you k keinhe n w,d sud, i think their response to the particular thing you mentioned is different from how in my mind, the newspaper ulve on ybls at e aur] t artular question, of course, but i just mean where are the rest of them? i'll sign books, i'll be here for awhile. i hope -- covean tut d w s reha wdke ? >> w w extent did you see it coming, and what do you

make of responses? >> i've been asked that ti. quon tpeha s. seecoveco a atithof t reactions. did i see this pcise controversy coming in scope and mension? . itcl tob dt nteo rrt ha i rtbudgi s 1 months ago, and so i thought maybe it wouldn't play out the way it played out this week. anlof t f.i m m not accustomed to that. from a personal perspective, it's been strange, but i'm no going to s i'm complel ri

'sieshe s i s something i expected i guess would be the way to put it. >> how do you explain? >> i really can't to be honest withou eakepn may inthosso oalin , te ias mp t nixon which was interesting. i think a little over the top to beonest. [laughter] i imagine bob wshes he hahat onk, istyhe pog,ve anthenhay, ofor,d i stand by it 100%, and if anything, this controversy, if you want to call it that, has only made me feel better about what iepord i suo buir doui sin o e op ion mind so they can hear you.

>> i was a bit rprisedat lesot sio e nap very important, a i was thinking perhaps that it is like taki thpu oeoiny. hasac scd tlw e dib ense. nd also it's like a anywhere -- niana focsd nte yopn ouat i , int' g es. ofh -erre ot oreshest ctcant bgmon them, again, smocking to a modern reader, in "the washington post" before 1969 you r whetvti yod l ihe ft oerrti

guuterreas d ne the key functions was to consolidate that. that was the practical function. they had a section cled for d about women, and tn --t er cord a woin u . as sesabt ra s or the ass off of all of us, and ben, and i don't think peopleay he wor fesmanngehat, wo ateccr s at ilvom talked about women, but in ad 340 -- in a modern way. that was a component of it. the third thing you mentiod was it. in the prosalorhect g wubed id ata gingditor of the time, he said we want a place that's about people, the way people live. there was nothing like that in a

newspaper, and so when they put thetyle sectn the t t r f - anut wted for kidnapping who was a woman. about a woman, by a woman, and not, you know, sort of then the general had tea and gave remarks mo wxp wwao hat, a ith ppg, afo paxps vf lf have personality, and the antecedent for tis is ben's uncle ft rt anai a t moea, just a fashion magazine or bridal magazine, but a hard hitting thing exprezzing modern life, and benidha th ttysen t h woid ul

id t to barry sussman for the book? >> i did not. i requested an inteiew, and i spoktohim twoekag 'ssu wwi,nd sptoouth grandeur, and he sa that's not news. i said that for 40 # years or whatever it is. we had a fran discuson, and i requesteditef a ike t eery at o >> yes. >> one more question. did ben say anying about the puatof tif- thewestotc >>ry i don't have anything about that. >> i thought that to be the proudest moment. >> gosh, no, i don't have anytng about that. >> i hava fling then

l etee,ndt m lo, hiound interesting, and what did you find that surprised you about ben as a n or a newsper man or a ,dytu dprg? >>t heuen? as.y,nkyo f very wl put. don't beat around the bush with it either. [laughter] the qution was theatergate mosty, w i tshe ones getting the abwh i d at n. ofngat we ri te, y eyhe most outspoken about it, is ben has an images of rash, fearless commder, and let's get him. onittvo ery t, i sthur. ediontn. woha as a general

rule, but there were moments. there's a moment in the book where he's trying to move another editor out, d he back thh neooay bleoi it f bndhe esllther a u tnk a that with ben so much. i think the thing that was most surprising to me, although that's somewt different from thpublic ime,hein m mete m wasaly written, eight more boxes showed up. you can imagine the panic, the panic with which i looked ugh the boxes loing r sh hen tk. rit b ; lerir going through the boxes freaking out. what that was was the bunch of whs hufck this, cckha

i ghay e' to geveinsng a exactly the same. i think, as a -- you know, i mc fe ot, and heyer, and as a 4 the documents, and i had the great, great privilege to meet and spend time withen, but it biphecobewa f i think other than some of the personal stuff, how he had a soft side, a compassionate side, particularly for drunks. alwa l tm dn aiv tm bkd ha sf, bt lle f ha t peeps out at you that maybes somebody a

human being. there wer tons of surprises. the watergate stuff was surprising. it was allurin w ainou. la g iy i ev bghimet i oumaim comfortable, legit tily, he was like, who cares? what's the next question which is an amazg attuor mehaok te t aeret. wrpng bahn'av b riby is. ybe? >> did you give him a copyof your book? >> i sure did. [laughter] i sure did. he asked if i gave ben a copy of the book. i sure did, la satda h ar pre ha ntakby vei h, m aacs the -- mother-in-law approaches the microphone, oh, no, all right. crisis averted! gh virentseu ly

gh a ung mre money? [laughter] anybody else have a question? thoulghhate thkor coming. thank you so much. [applause]

we pulled into refueling that morning around ku9 30. we wanted the ship to apar in th harr. ofse sun i ct0acat l17 adnd 3 injured.

aoa tessconstition during the war of 1812. tt iwhsegswa carried pt 's a phrase we use today. don't let the cat out of the bag. stanihat sunday a 00m.

ntrswendm fth gtes who ran but lost and changed history. former new york governor al it eaak seb a okay. i'm knick, the dean of the gruate school ofoli. blndioo ca"riea. it history of american journalism. it'll soon be the history of american journalism fo many year to comebt le str dy. stursanot iv yousome idea of how far

back we go, when i knew chris, it was -- [laught] reere was a lot o rd sowa eaayiimroi er i t e t of time for q and a. i'll spend about the first thirty minutes of the event ing sort oirong eancfahetyis mis s, en we have free food and wine in the back. which we hope everybo will enjoyfo tlwhe. ok sldbok. so -- as journalists we're taught to look for the local gle. before w go to te