d, kcupn y ld e me endou ,sen hsted ngete earliest full ethlacbungeial joust inhes >>onnow you know this, we just announced little historical detour. pulitzer made all this money in chveybs rp. ow ajoalev was a commercial thing to do in life. and he -- in about t e haidofstng a oljrnm unsind e colbia

and starting pitching it. they turned him down. he was ve persistent, it took kemo,nhes tetlao puerzein hohobe nwly constructed building and it should bear the name of the donor. il - cloedinin 18911, he uritibohna it was the jourlism program o the pulitzer privacy. various forms of specution why at was. ytbiffa pueramovr doorway. as of april 24, we're the pulitzer building. >> it's about time. >>erd

at ths my ng e tce fau we ng just -- i don't know if anybody here has seen the museum in washington, d.c. stenhehes nnt e neadenghrou thb inikha s this stone tablet in front, it's about three stories high. that kind of maks the ten sk with the journalism. what will they have in mind when th were at wrote the first amendment? what was jrnmthe? lutoehwe >>ve ot ti i k hs ri ont'i on today in

journasm. so, you know, if we look at the 18th century, journalism 04emand off in the country in tesek al circulations in the dozen and maybe in the low hundreds. and they were rally intimidated atotysci cch wsrsr nt all, important and, you know, very much under the thumbs. but what you see over the course of t next couple of decad is ars hhenap asiginto in the book. so by the 1760s and certainly prngteloay are old oa

itd reck reonciliation with the mother kind. if we break, what kind of government should we have? dths m mfh qeon 'senprctt a people are reading areoften produced anonymously by people picarnst want be known. t usrmires atssw very local, it was small scale, it was very pan lem call. tt-npa hvhe pneumonias had ry ig rcngsn fin riha staff nerated. it was not the cause.

as we see, you know, a return to ursmtn egetoda nsti se. tite >>wo invented reporters? djntssto thifeper wastul the 1830s again here in new york city. another ally inventive eenpr wert named ben dayre sot pyo rkrytoeahe brdest possible audience, and to do that, he needed to fill it up surprising, amazing things reewrthpce

yt lthip whiel out trying to fill the paper, and so he hired the first full ime reporter naegewer seeien journalism history. i'm going to do something about that. >> when did journalism become a business. e od you'reib i pithlr eabyplwhee really in another trade. that is they were, they were printers. and in order to keep the print shopbusnordrr thsts t e ollhaon whthwre in there. they hit problem the idea of a newspaper as the perfect

device. ud] mee who would -- we would think of a job printer. that is someone who is open to printing all kinds of stufffrom d isrlyina un olna io riheueedl sideline disappear andhe newspaper itself becomes the real focus. the first daily paper in the country is foundedin1e mm aoatt i the part of the 19th they take off in the 1830s. that when it's fair to say for asssirst time th jna >>. wucspelee

us. think of ourself as a professional school. and so i have to ask, . whdithiof. methn fena evha ns ig thss contested terain in the sense at -- [inaudible] >> hadn't go to colegeor upthhcegk e y.ojoal he tidncn yf right kind of a person, you can get a, you know, barroom stool argument going over the neceity ofjournalism struion. en m tyo t retinou as really been thrown overboard. no one, almosno one in the news business any longer can

afford toave someone ont ol lhe e s.ed rn t niolof newspapers andnews oriented mag zones and such has been xported and taken out of the news room d only inthiitnt oljna. he-hotofhe jolis sort of -- in his own mind, exalted figure in acngtde af opposed to somebody d cer th abirhyharulr he made a forceful argument in a series of articles he wrote in the 1890s about the necessi co molid, sin could understand, you know,

the bigger government, the more colicated corporations, the whole changing scene. desed th letharon i the hifting weather and the dangers that face society g ho ehe d e economics, or how to read chinese or something specific like that. eyerofutrden t rof rnnle journalism. the conventional wisdom as you know, the role of government in journalism is tay aay isltoinab firstant.

rn re ir id oetof journalnism the past now maybe in the future? >> sure. we, as a complicated and inevl themselves i a slice wouldn't. i see a period in the early years where government was very fuo e nepe juoanem riaf e post office was organized, they organized the post office to allow newspapers to exchange one copy with each atldaedtocfre. thh pal vh alikoow lift from

each other, it was a great wa of filling up your newspaper for free in the early days, and, you rl19ceytofne8ery e erntndde own printing capacity. everything they needed printed, had to be jobbed out to printer. is one of t ways they ept lothprerwh ulonhoasctnd authorized to print everything early currencies, lottery o on rgsngs wouldislaws all dusofge to the -- before we go to our questions, this is a mood t yssasoidame

te, tre jt ra fegayo , ytoalm is changing very rapidly and very significantly. this whole convertionke eo9 stal yuvisca pee,t'uri n what you're seeing happen right now journalist? >> well,, you know, as i describe in my book in the final chapter abutoiil, knhwhwesg isin american journalism. it's one of these times when the businessodel gets out wack with the prevaing pilosophy ouisne g trpeodosts. ormic ursmt i didn't think that whe i first started writinghis book.

it took me eight years to write it. at theegin'mogto sd lgat n fromy eyes. right now we're seeing a rebirth of much smaller, more ursmathngwemespaan heconomi who call the barriers to entry into our field. so if you take just f comparison in the90s la oty"'s este at tis st aba ioorsee itean n so start-up cost and the years of losses, billion dollars. it was probably the all-time highaterm tco rp.n rst

y,e hetus coprlyukga and, you know, be posting . >> yeah. they do. >> and so the cost of getting almost to the ignthave ge e oftgst, o a mall backpack full of equipment and extr batteries. mmeotithst unlemented the kinds do yo etklirt yo needed the disney studios to show you that ou students do all the time. >> how is it going to get itlitrd eonocall coalpe. om,tot natural, certainly not inevitable, journalism be housed within big

corporations. i thinwe can now see thatwas 'shng r ynot sa i th30erytothink it was the natural state of things. now i'm not so sure. >> two things, i wanted to get your reaction to that ieas uss. tahe onma yset jewish community center on the upper west side where i recently was. te gay ca te' just make the erdnointcoat it and through the days of walter cronkite and very limited number of sort fveaurene ys ar pp - wulou

red eowhs yikes! anybody can say anything and people are being mislead? >> right. well, i certainly recoize that poin v s knit m athaedto these big institutions? women, you kno i think as a th n'r in i have certainm e o dyne whwasul out th? we had very limited access to information, and it was all one way. it was not a cvertion nlwhtc, ey ththaeberen corrective mechanisms today thanks to the internet than there were during the, you know,

duri the glory days thltetgsiol ddanl0eryr e ants t honestly we won't miss. >> so let me now give you the opposite. can you imagine the >> on theer ymae in lenoin vicaifa smy sahy do we need journalists? as long as you, you know, good rules for public available data and go rc canow ime minhos w t is a view that is so, you know, very poplar. in fact, lot of my students fel that witha attoiite reaaarngts naptoe ck ewer obevery

day. there are dozens stacked up there. at the end of the day, the janitorse . >> take thema. >>utsilo pickne itj idm [laughter] well, so -- what i would think, is that while the internet gives people tremendous ily ch teoc nei ke sin a iportant job for the story teller to bring material together in a way that noon would nd io s oehihe na ao a grizzly bear. a fantastic story. which multilayer kids of technology fascinating story. but a orya ul ntl

aoe-oneat tde ors don't tell themselves. i think story rather than data is something that i think will always be a tremendous are tju,oouritce uuen you work on a book for as long as you worked on this you encountersomebody who you didn't know about who rhfioeapurntert an ed i' i w's s k foheu started the bo? >> well, . >> a couple of examples. >> there's quite afew srpdthiy m iciato choon the history

jowrchlism. it was surprised to discover a journalist named lawrence. fantastic namewhorfo arndh rly leg of covering washington for the associated press all through the 1850s and 160s. d yt a te rsnaso wbecabo orer all different political outlooks. so isome of those editors are stng wigs and becoming rong meaphecr thea orot ati reporting. so as e described it, he to make sure that his stries were strictly facalasssie. opre i t ar

tit ot d he 1850s. he said that was his great change and struggle. he's the one who also, you kno, std ugearstdh , lnc ol he hustled from the hotel across the street from the theater over to the telraph office. twlie.lwerhneht ro ilare summary style beginning of a story, the president was shot in a theater tonight and perhaps moally wnd. ooa >>ad- pst soodwa twe of and yet play the a big part. also in doing that, he was

helping to define a kind of politilly ralournalm thaseee in ththe in all the new rruits how to write in a way that was political olaqiof aalley. peu n ti sh ohenoanersttedut and for some years thereafter. as i look back on it, we had a suhe field's continuing good help. well, there's the wonderful dynasties that are very, you dthyvens er fpiritedaic ms add

s adelea sog asthe dynasties exist. as i look back, i totally believe this at thetime. u imasce ba onitti trn ic doctors will provide people with health care out of the goodness of your heart. i wouldn't have -sono faes eruof f hd kese spblr sort of constitutional and economic health of or field going forward. gu ykn,tan aner? n' e ecause i'm present myself as a historian. not at the futurologist. i do not know the future.

it's hard enough to learn abo envo i rnm rlo cocrns hoeshte partan, they might be psychic, there might be some great reward sto th ndstmor theyay ubn o, u ko em institution in american journalism was brought by a young . >> my son. oka thtn er rt gh ssrno itot money-making venture. owning the new republican is not going to add to te ple of wealth. it is something that, you know, wae th.terdedto ha to ask you one possibly

owner sa we have the two microphones set . if you can bear gog toh miangqstfm t .stblio om aru willing to do that? do they travel? >> walk them around. >> that might help. iowipone last question. i think a lot of us are concerned that newspapers get ophoreuhealy weak are, the ngm tfecmi on lf til reasons, is that a concern that is valid concern that nespapers will com

ti ismeagnd r? knthsarly imanes. tif bes mel there was a period, i think during the it's most clear the 20th century when u d itns lktreet' r w ac 0s e audience, actually, and to put the other two out of business. they were like the big three automakers. they wanted to sell o ivl apv geere at tante . of course you want t max out. but in the economics of, you know, being presenting material urw ykn,coucanucsfy tetes h t sar thie audience that is

not aimed -- you're not trying to bring in the big center. you can make money and make a name or yourselfwog h roaedwhre there's more polar eyization. it's not the first. i did find in my research was that the coutry has been defo anm w v a. dotkwe should despair. i guess there's a lot of things that will keep the country going.

lycée for the days when it wasod knll sds tgh we or the field. >> other questions? yeah shellie. this issontst on t gesneons urst do y haveany feeling o that?

>> wow. one thing that struck me in the writing of this boo asnd upnha othgt eagatbee uly t uis at ddungld ii was phenomenally powerful eloquent, imrtan therob c he be kns ch cnt he d,mu stake, and you know i was vy surprised to see that the press corps, especially from the united states, which d a nerch mof wowa o n pyle, john hirsi, edward r. murrow, martha gill horn, a lot of these folks had very little experienceas sof hxpnc

an fhe wasll . and i was really really impressed with the quality and the beauty of some of the things erp, otoi al bkif rtchte u , journalist in the foxhole, but some of the things he wro, you know i would like tos. a lyokisesrk it w theind of thing he wrote hat you know,people viatt . o ies ttba meoei mind yuno not going to bother sending you any more letters. if you want to know what war is

likeou should read ernie pyle causit'sll there in s mn oe ro varly 1944 during the italian campaign. pyle was writing with the leading e of tu ts baiobat wup is ror sps hudsahref y pa and thousands of weekly newspapers around the country, january 1944 under the headin this one is captain skow rodedmadn evg,chnte s u. they came belly down across the wooden pack settle. the freshmen came early inthe morning. bo odedt mhem down from the

wou ite a for mules stood there in the moonligh in the road for he trail came down off of the mountain. the soldiers who led them were thnes taason tsa i. insert mles went off. the men in thehroat seemed reluctant to leave. they sto around and gradually i could sense them ine b bo t ctwow t ho khis symeg inyto and to hemselves. i stood close by and i couldn't hear. e soldier camend looked down and said outo hee aes t llnay he looked down for a fewast moment and then turned and left. than the first an sqtted down

fofl mesditoe e hino d inte into the dead face. he neverttered a sound all the time he set there. stht te tsthut the nw anthh sof rearranged the tattered edges of his then he got up, walked ay dow e ie lial on a miniature masterpiece of restraint, of soft -- observation and all the while the battle was srching arod heseofit cesersciuit ntmoik th xihehcer s

dead soldier. yalabpnie. andthe objectivity in 8? thssteesetat atste ag f er bne ttrg ur think about american ogress that de tocqueville and everybody else tked about was comeu, r tterce ofow pele nraitd tic tht arrative. and when i was a journalist i noticed that happening too. people wouldfiominha

edmae. sneeph , entooo at -- my question is, do you have any idea whether, in this modern moi,cngorare now living d rnmho a ursmsol gaes journalists, this tendency, th less of a tendency to conformism or is itore that morrison stilthea? sa l we ng i kan explosion of new, independent, original voices on thetetrnler ere ly y tor esr sn. thsoh he

journalism that we are familiar with from the 20th century was based on that idea ma rkg,s uln th sense that we are seeking the lowest common denominator. i think a lot of institutions oflda y.to dtheqal eywedo il min at k pleu an that drive to satisfy most people that i think tends to rul out certain points of view. nowt piv i k ayse ao odow ere many many more things are possible. >> i don't know if you saw a whha swnanyears ago terew--

[inaudible] something precious is lost in amican democracy because e ofinggebe legrusof roli wsot itself democracy because everybody goes off into a corner. do you buyhat argument? >>oue fu gold s?eho in 1923, in new york city, there were 17english-language nepencng.a . lee alea e meng heregs h market to be sure and that is not even counting the weeklies

and the reign-language newspapers and the union papers pocaary rs ouw, re re allg t hee ate this effort to have a common conversation. thsoritonas en tha ugth20en, paciatn went straight down. it wasn't because individual newspapers were losing circulatn. nepeergouf aveigci n 20 ny usually one daily and maybe two at the end of of the 20th century. >> exact rewrite. >> these became local monopolies and they didot get better as a lt thblrllib

>> i think we have another question. t t fe ti hiiar a so, they had a free andopen prs bynarndot leri clind eln thoue gh but, at the same time, in current times, ke the example of china or inaporthei heon s mu rectrdeomat re b v ccul in these times and there is an argument that the free-for-all

capitalism, you know to the st m n t it is ineit etaia ped om tsa mehse obslnting information tightly as they can, and they uld argue that and they do argue thaallowing an lid ri l s ing t p . a of erngll lth. t itestin this country of controlling information. the historians, do you think the chinese are ontosomething or ben?idal or omheren >> kon t ivesav t ac io on er a wrte new group of graduate students who arrive every september and i work with the ones who come from other countries. in recent years more and more of i tyokentare om cna, ip aeangse instts i frt

d thi ce is that, where americans are concerned about issues suchs b a coneouie like order. order in their society is something that they iu ablr eg gotoer ov threaten. now, i don't know a sile young american who thinks about order as a problem in american society. ha sm ew d thatngaf is linked very much to their own history, their own experience,

their ow tu. ngdh, als tharitus ang vengn a chinese way, but i think you know, in a direction thatwill proba ell dee kofcol gotoulma favor a command economy. >> a questn ovr thtuitn ao ata -o a. i have another question. anyone can put anything they want on the internetbu"t w t" ouop e rodte' afine o e ed es aga orld in "the new york

times" no longer exists. how are we going to get the resources to cover omplicated stors. soinoexpl tinda a eststabit di snye et e h so that is my question to you. thank you. >> well, let me start with tip of the hat to "the n york s"whh h yk,in re hepern 96thparf te rrwhi family, the family has done a tremdous public service for the country thneapst it,cf ofti, ig au d thst nsth tyo n ask of a journalistic enterprise. i wish them wel, but i would say this. wedud,rorotig

american in the late 1950's, they would have said, what do they rely on? they ybsro. eyy liagne eyenon sda enpo. they loved the "new york herald tribune," whi was the best newspaper in the country at the time. they are all gon evereheasoely aneouw,erok helandese investments and did that hard work. you know, i think we have t - av a t itns crahe t anxpth y as inev unchged.

that is what i will venture to say about e future. it will be a little different. yorueon cou youalk litt bit about the journaltic -- i teach is abrian i hirmn e. sntd hin r ndllthat they get their news from jon stewart jon stewart and stephen colbert. and twitter, which i really don't understand. t d tabois arin juis wrf jt. you know there have been lampoons. there have been satires and therhave been hoaxes, going y wybk.

ace hecoes idmaoihe arftb whe amou of satire and fantastic degree of indirection in the ursmthth urhe hre wsrsm frin meaty an's naps eaxae. emusun ha material is not straightforward, obivpog.ndctao o iry rkn rnnheu dend tonnd get all the preferences. but most of it was meant to make a political point, or to make a point at thephe so n,os s u tepewn e t being boston by

this 1720s, there is competition. and one of the first things those newspapers do as art anbtt tdiof he r d k ea other's -- so you know it is the great tradition. i would like to see you know, more of it i thk john srt ds ntc b cnton nend tk t d aazjo finding fabio to make all these points. it's a tremendous public ic ofte bloosed in the land for a long time and it's a really important way tobrg powerful people andsut c, l thoughts?

>> i am truly happy tat everyone that is here managed to ma it and i really appreciate . gs i wusa i ullcaodo ot liitis mtl unin and i hope find some unexpected pleasures alonghe way, as i did. i found this cedib if astulg esalnd oat thstprte es yoas dsrihe nderful work that people had been doing for centuries before thasartewing up tohogd enthok ,pe pl i their work in order pe abatogtaroww?ñóoóoññ?

rdtrkad tictory through the canal at iwo jima, okinawa, philippines, till it finally ended on the atleship ouut sndf es llrd reqy ic e h uonthe

t s frone aco he deal infirmity, descendents of men who under washington fiverr a yclds limina our time. anywhere they are. >> okay, quick show ofhands. elas ? >>t'at ifred. quon kof what is it that we itness about that guy in the world war ii? what is it that we miss about crtethenio junt r ert se seufke ? d n ooenit uto u guys. >> well, i should recuse myself i need.

iulrcsseai thqunis ntoe stalnt personal and i can only -- i'm not to miss tonight's game so many nas y anth ty . atnrgen. >> i wish that were true. >> my first reactions noto un,b hu at a a o 12> aro when those shs were running and i remember that bu h hht es 1arterlari, wowasac

d it's just completely out of the realm of the baby boomers world. and yet go back 12 or 14 years from now and where are o? yeda, h s an, t dfee ata, everything changing after world war ii so dramatically that it seems like it w from ifferet me emly te o war watch those memories of the heroic -- n'me an the forgotten a nt otthis ontion, chip, is there's probably -- the may be journalists like you now, but they're such an inationadfoa amount of

dfentfrlarm noan. asmdat much more power. >> i think sir lead these guys were under dadline -- amazing deadlines and such, ermtihe an ati reht tlod the internet in whatever's running injures taurean whatever it may b. whaoeth on y erlytthy, so ay th book back, but it has mvc an compassion, to. i ink that is something that's ryficu tn hse yssybcu o no gesaernias li m dfficult.

>> back to you. predfit thing, what these guys kifcply t em oes gus r rc esie poesna soldiers in said they were up for the task. d so, the fact that the press d to go through thesameig wi ee,se oo mo oh u together. he's an adhesive in so many chors ortelevision onieeia. it emstoe prte e absolute best in trying to pull things together. i tt weha s

st vn onerfoaot llngge tdays. >> i think the ones that tend to get the bigger shows, get the gger rating are the ones that are thmost polarizing nd thauce io hi oo sis li -fesanrl a ii, then maybe it's time to recycle. >> like a little dweeb in black-anwhite, but there's got to be something we can do to reac . chs.onhium te ine uran nd t a aypeple pemthfdr. he had lubo cormack. some ous that sort of -- what were those people be like if they had theower of the technogiesod? howoul bslt th nn yosh inphblutlep

it. thits. 's f is. that's one of my absolute all-time favorite photographs. "assignment to hell" done got out of his personal papers. >> that won byto fi oha i igr walter cronkite and homer bigart standing in front of the barracks at 303rd and if you didn' know tr, horas tra [lteln? no g guys. imagine how barren it was. anyhow, i know from a ee in ear 994, exactly

one week before the assignment to how the ths.yarres have bentain mb eyerig i tmdof waaken.pgr they were supposed to be covering that day's mission, but becauseobdwe sobeda ks,, ddar tnyse and visited the cross keys tavern not once, but twice. i don' nowos waake.orhe gr casem.ki en tm, in a homer.

the whole idea was p thinkefe ra aur] e was no grass to keep office. this was an eardrum base then it was just ablute lack. wasluazto infby 1ey do eyliletoo bl se ie im correspondent. all of that changed when they went on an amazing bombing run. we had benrningsn gnypereme p. k t f . reis tonaf ac t speak of in the european theater are these amazinglbrave bomber boys to risk life and land should take hi.fey ol maalin eqedo

unmeail ng can be against hitler. so that day, on febrar, 43 he ngta hy thasllmsvet ndewrs a a e beers, the legion of the doomed. >> deletion of the doomed as 17ad t it was brandon, fighter factory in bremen. but they got over germany that y d i was onou cov t ne patcl nosaenhe s hnde u.s. bombers attacked. remember the u.s. attacked ring the day. what they called areabb

tcataegylgh mn in this is very early in the war now. there were no fighter escorts. afterward under bcbe re hiesd e exd torsa lumr. so the writing 69, the whole idea is that they were going to go on constantmsio. mee u l rrag s >> allows to give you some sense of how brillia a writer homer bigartw dti nilt o ysh writing 60 night

that we'd have to gunnery scool for a week. toot g icseg trouble. her beau meantime, the instructional days he nge f ia titindtag jee,xplain on february 8, it was during lieutenant alex hogan's teaching out lecture that some of u fe ths. hopping the neain ela spean sviis t dirs a grin. both would have been the reporter asked if they ditched into the northea and an enemy plane swooped to investigate? and that event, hogan repl foh af wav h n

ot tergave been equally unsettling counsel. one medical offic painted on forgiving picture of what might th0, f if we took a fire gs hegeetnsin eam sun t ihor of nat l. year olson in it offends anyone, i apologize in advance. veedlte d lt that are prib aeusss b,ps r ag d treat like the plague, we're at england for god sakes thrc gnn ested. shnanmdrn nnll. the raf sergeant was an expert

teacher having flown some four dozenobtcio, for f bang istak oe. ktalking about the position until some of us began during outlines of a spheric cheese with wings. laitevel hs rrtocr critr ht arinig tte to britain's hawker hurricane fighter. this year i a dome iing s agat rc. in h desert. he protected the boys getting out of greece sunday was a big help i geint ofne riaa at

wsna il defeats. [lauter] anyway, they get back n e e. onathitb hgra fighter or withlak is bernie's bi sve o soldier. saur ttetpbicback to moleswortho relations officer at the airport and making some very bad news.

me oeri 6ays posed, who had po o ty s" b hees . code b, but sadly post was not one of them. wrg .hus ended very ruptly the bu sasplal hpers a ha s lned now, rudy ended up going on for more emissions over the third reich, earning his air medal. kien ndi iothewr mo beay,fi on went on an attack over the potter calais. but the one book you launch sites. ca st h eket

unit h o uhmish sort of the thing. chips that got into some hot water with his bosses in u. p. predtsitc iee mcogo hsti >> they were legally supposed to have weapons training, were >> n, they uew chtacoenre mmed away on the mission of the plastic nose that is beside teamed sxw era ntti, iee rssisgycs se the machine done. cronkite said it was impossible t o hier ath n

erer n st thwr onp h mian hour. it wld be a tiny speck of verizon alof sdenso ckrerteee ot oesti before, trying tohammer away. i want you to think abouts th oiowherin poor bigart was tormented the rest of his life, worried hat it shot down thepae w'venipse wclin h

formation. the bigart was tormented by all go back?a weth >> well, right. the amazing sto,chis atldbe p o wo th ri ca e usgnthemmnt atply trsford s reputation was bad --ad when on bad cblld u am t te impg i tr leai romr him? you've got to be old for tis. what did he host? anybody remember? the you go.

pl we bla ti on at lin. gunlonader impressions. it was the first time your father ever appeared on cbs. so just looking at these two guys been kning what they meant to the future of critge aatnta he i >>thi, bsa figure of my childhood -- i'm sorry, cronkite. almost the voice of god. or friendly ucle. onit bi, usam a writer and they really didn't know about cronkhiteing id e aeelbt tecanefy re throf

journalists because of its clarity, its sensibility and sense ofun us abtepretse a kneshe e odteh s e e sh c has a writer. >> i think that what strikes me opted with these guys, too, is cuse reemthey'gt ther xr r direct point that in a lot of a lot of ways premiered in a sense of servicemen and to let terry gu on otrdyw n r oftelat they catch. anyone who has been in this business does he get better when u kind of te orm

evav the good at the laptop right nextya hind'r eliyo t etih as one of the great things they think about this boo. 'sensoamha whomce m n'easuh about, but she realized this energy and hoey inanil een all of hem lotir ae because of

the company they kept. >> bigart was an incredible inflncngy ieinew rtaymdp dlitand ys astno wld ask. why? why are we doing this? explained that again. i'm sorry, explain it one more time please. i k y ivme often thatisth ghn laouofts here? thanks to chip we were able to pull out of cbs news they can't be a d-day plus 20, which is the classic 1964 cbs news domey. i e dsnogt . kiidhere seer wulouho q ip u wao d tose oscait er moment. early on in the shooting, this haened. >> you can see from back here, it was nat tt o t tr weref ued 'st e

ng ogtru. d outhdepe by every and went fine. but this first day was a tough ♪e >> banks. iinwe a k o rnglike ik fie izntan t oa ces a t the final thing quite it is important that we close on this know. myook begins in thm tebohb thonulutay concludes in that same sacred place, with two great iconic

figures. arre9tii. ic 2h vi. that's the woodward of the 29th. terry ramsey the eighth of new jersey. eighty-second rbor etck. thnkeyfn 9000 boys who flies here. arveokinahba.of theualt >>ofheke home. >> at least identiable. identified hersn

>> the names are on the wall. is eme ndete moosi nd ti suppose. [iibhey were gathered inhere. ndco tist ofets ch ome ndw -dasvepe aty the day. the anxiety is for a naural

part of spending and innovation re o ayed yse g ivhirve bmaoe t ingoac so often to this fact. i'm d-day, my own son graduated from wespoint and afte nithwe 71iin.ere t wome after. but on the very day he was grauating, his men came here th ls. ro t besne oslyt ai ytfor ourselves, not to costt teny and the shins for a seovene work.

many thousands of men for ason iamansry onth hs,b american to defend those same es. readay ullf erec ty wife and me. in nlautofhemrng lc they were cut off in their prime. they neve kewthea

perice gtrugh lemn i devoutly hope will never again buespplivus a chance in time for us so we can do better than we did before. bes,thd thda ome bs en hn aouthy s more we pen togi fr hs way to wokfor rl >> wel now ou see why a

designer to write this ok and i'm hored all of you woulde been part of the just discussion hpyto ar wdo t ote mmgsst of combat philosophically? whmathman overtea s shs o home alive? >> i think there are two hn. cins ser ahe eaok w. au.loump who is about looking for your friend. it was about great sttes atalanlthst

ole hni abtt teioco ot ground. it is a great desire to get home. yes,. nale >>toe iot ht. m a li utaaexc t rest of my life. >> what is incredible to me and i didn't get a chance to read . e t ra h th lrate to ra uiofor astronaut. at one point in 43 d early 44, your chances of getting backn themat msire tt ta ir seven. imagine that.

imagine having tocvr ed brat. te c maybe% would come home. memno h on h ee is room at oliticia say, you knw, they wat oet untts r o ed they are by the people of the united stes because i think lehaspg oeneen ple a be

wa citadh bigart thought americans at their absolute best. yes. naudible] exrdy.ui s no b iekeau v fi war is the way you have on this story? >> now, there is a guy i know bookis thinking about doing that gh wiou i ia? >>is scinora l e fiaret overlooked into gaskets and tarzan in all e rest were phenomenal reporters. of course homer was there for the last year. palmer o cong e aiic so tileernd d t onre time. yes, sir. >> how did this book come about?

how did you geinto doing it and just tell us a iteb t ges he y ymeoow ivtyllisuf w wi devotees. when mr. cronkite passed away in the strip is two thin e-s wcgewth pu evence at was the death of the respt that mr. cronke engendered in so many of the thomfwiebst ofcit wodwr s yo know, as tim said a second ago, the sort of baby boomer obsession. everything was throu hprsm ll is e soe crteh e ad8 f vietnamand

the kennedy assassination of watergate and all the rest. those things are important. coe a d i alef lldetoyof want. >> all these guys. tofew of them went to the nn

hoanmes oy sost. r dun jus anend d forgive

me -- you know what's coming. when word came down that ms. higgins wasakdcsn, r ral is h oheaur] them in the bb came into being, homer inclined if marguerite had to eat it. at the time to scrpe protegee whtoeitay erd ys. [laughter] any her questions? yes, ma'am. - hodohefc- ud] waonhoopiv their lives after going through this in both japan an europe. and nera bit a

haevsk uon iheh gemeo thhs at the same age. >> just brilliant. blinsories told, to instead bring the funnier stories home to the dinner table. y i don't ko [inaudible] ib' atafe i s els cronkite has lost america.

and this understanding of the juoninealcaubl ih than d er wh h lu w wiyo father's mind one of the things that led him to see that, maybe thinking this war, world war ii should've been the last war. anhe looate n-a,sewet w nre measures to to world war ii. agtwog.qeabi t so rtro poofw,muor intense. but it was over quicker. tharayt r nome uc

e a has much different than tax on all of us becae only a e l eru d e rly out of balance these folks are told to go over there and stay. if wet we t htb iot question, but it's another question. >> well, i'd lie k a quon o uadi eskatened upinteagbu i grada day made

journalism and honorable esiartaein.eymat utis oc, h anys nf they created, it may be the greatest era of press independence and integrity in history. and i wod like to throw io yem'lsreti thstsertore t dad trained the pilots from world war ii and korea. 94 missions over korea pe agato hetl y e ra fwtr te cawh my dad was working on systems, he was out there in evneughasavity ges turning thtod.

ut sk y he r gr whe was dropping him sober korea? he said he don't think about that. ..u just think about is

thepcr bth cathado. i wer ifou qio t hehe total heroic war, that was the second world war, and its consequence, which jolih couequly heroic ea ime qti ouetercot r whe revolutionary war and the heroic statesmanship in politics that came afteards. the same questio that heroic times hashis effonus vis as sty d e'thelke anaot >> ihin that's a ve perceptive point, john, and anyone else ce to comment on? wancbl ainhe rluonarar weo hrenhe sor ealt.

yh, as i say -- yeah? >> not a golden age of journalism though. [laughter] [lteell, comen. >>as o g? so incredible combat journalism which lasted through vietnam. >> yeah. >> and then changed again. >>eah. ec o tepio e rnocy i eldve gin or bses fascining issue here. yes, sir? >> speaking of that issue, john c. marshall andhaplan ur enersol ete "s atr," h came on them hard, let them write what they are destined to right. >> yeah, yeah. >> he supported them 100%. >> yeah.

wa wheadfr s ri a y e,headw or, hed it. wanted real journalism, and andy rooney was part of that. yeah? maanrld r me,ti, catuanwy nd ewn time,nd in your research and cernes -- experience with your dad, how did you len whatyfe >> w iineo s s' dy aci, and li marshall and ike, they appreciated having the story told. they appreed having their own storiesld aey ecdthct cin d -he i d na vtey

appreciated the asking why too. the big questions. i kn thihe gi's add required about these five correspondents and the likes they were with them in the trenches taking the risks tey we exe, t w t. por tin oe wa p guys felt comfortable around him, opened up to him, and began writing wonderful profiles. bo b h cedse ttime too mapi re- w- -- i'm screwing this up. [laughter] i write for the people who read ernie py over the shoulder of ose rea ee.

aur] beeou, ap insisted on calling himol t b. atndik yen unafon professor from freshman year. >> didn't have the same kin wheffcen d,beme is ybet t rience in iraq and the experience of these correspondents in world war ii? >>ei t is tou want to effceisde ths o a cultural difference built up over those

350 years of the relationship atin, fa t tess and the ools in world war ii were just thrown in, you know, draftees and so were the its, tre's muchse ra ben t, he to uortewoe separate culture, and there's not the same -- i mean, people can overcome it, but jrnalists can do it, and they can also write the truth, but it's just lomooblevme therotll t- thou see one narrow perspective and some knew how to do that and others got lost in it and became thecheerer >>rier d't w

quy, ide ung serable bloody slog that had the feel of world war i trench warfare. bo,esalth tgert wereh teor,n g clockwise with a british guy, and mark clark who didn't insee semth the book to put it okce i b ps. kyri t utnde,he censors and the rest, but you have to give them a lot of credit. larry? yeah? >> we've gone overe,utne rest t,e tefi [lte antsofwed things that are not too old to do, but we don't have letters

the wa we used to. will that make a difference in the fe? soly aur] frs [laughter] >> that's the time. >> yeah, every historian is worried about that. >> yeah, it's a little scary. if you can only readlt thhe ti ceo 1arrs u ,he wett tire hewas s yuled to fly into paris, parachute into paris with t on f a hfesd aire,e thibee dt weguelhaou find offensive.

[inaudible conversatio] >> goo evening. le m,o-r andpr aeof

erody re at e store, i'd like to welcome you. as those of you who attend our ts k,ry hn thmesoassi ris hks as ha ape i at least one or two other aces before reaching p and p or will have given interviews to news aclyaorxivons, buton,we is kipuly about his new biography of a former "washington post" editor, and in the book "yoursinut rened ed roy. wa erp in "new york magazine", and the fallout had as much to do with another great "washington post" legend,ob

wass ad l e t aes substance of the disputes, by the biography is nearly 500 pages long and con tapes considerably more than the news i dhebo einnd tuhe melte bradley in aim his energy, flair, courage, pronity, isma, animpa. h rka as rs ps,nd t many who have known bradle he's a friendan cbor ood'f 30pa oo t bth lengthy description of how the

project evolved, that is how it was initially envisioned as a jebora,nd jyrainhra, s rlean e cks writing as he puts it about your mentor's mntor. thers quite a tfef msinthoo and as times it if you want to ask a question, step up to the microphone re, an aft w,if y h

reenyoel onndn mn wmi himmelman. [applause] itn h teer do disclaimers, and i was forbidden from using blue language, and it's very difficult to either read from my hatogi yenn fabout benbre [lte r e ou wes bradley said, those who read the view in the post this sunday, for those of you who came to he about the book about bob woodrd, thinu'e thwhdldb i poitwh ee i true, what my goal here is tonight is to convey some of who

ben is to you, and in the hopes that you will find hims captivatinas i anen inoui a q , sed wng alwiendot itabhi ed up writing a book with his son, but as i was working with ben, the first thing he did was give me access tohe it j xef. abi sfet. wa tff p try fied of talking to him, and the way i got to know him was through the letter, and i wanted to read a few of the on i thrsetinks itro9 man h writtento katharine graham, d shent thnd er anst ur oinr wofuwsr. b a

mhupn,hi persons responsible for the "washington post's" decline are io ts noor. braee. f en yreh these e eremme about the story of wc fields sitting with a drink in the garden one day, and he was inteupted repeatedly that a strge m nto ed atut elolhere t aui answer, and that's benjamin c. bradlee. youget tlautth yry vave tt t i cos anheitheto had watched this panel, and he said how ironic it was to watch you display arrogance as you

criticed aededit udatheblee afanraaped gndily and sincerely. ben's response in full -- editors run the risk of appearing arrogant if tey gritybwoll younkeubero coitd tt t eynt wa c rntt o cs you a newspaper man either. [laughter] i'm so happy i can curse, by the way, opening upal s ibie aur] hecke. is whe o mfe s,et t ldci legend of the journalistic scene way back when from 1982. dear frank, i'm late i anering the letter. don h lhaodda ymith er asryio

lood, win at the raberry plants, and up to my ass in midgs. [laughter] belage tdfotory i'l tell abo sofyoob d it aoury h tintoad te' sour reporter named tom, a self-dribbed expert on usagend oninsc , and bs ett ut oansa h tioroudhed, shais dickhe one word or two? [laughter] so that gives you a sen of the color of wh n was raevtike i ghm te i hite s ,g know, did you work hard on the letter or think about this? he said a number of letters i wrote twice yououldput in

ur. gh ma d near. abmoha et, bo iren tt aughe lrs theaf the book and thprimary documents that i came across in the course of this, and it's theeart of the or becau thel y enwa 's im ahas o reghi sced'san privately didn't pull any punches like he doesn't publicly, but one of the most interestg thing about him, and i startthe poperony e erh mnt peese av owm hpeal ishiy b, 2341969, -- in 1969, there was a psychiatrist who interviewed ben, and he parpan y wadf, meitisg,e

psychiatristook, this guy falls in love with ben, and you read 18 page, anou watch the process unfold, and it strind luin -- agypttec feg ha greater capacity as a human being just fm having known him. [laughter] he penciled in by nd, the buat ipealiioye teathe th iewerits att. he made people feel they had capability to go out and get it and inspired the news room to do that, and ultimately that's the ulteth wyoee theok itboor thaaas u ma. e hesttol seeds in the book is the pentagon papers, and the reason that's so i because ben, katharine, everybody tells you

thst reut ia tht a there was a moment prior to the pentagon papers where ben had decided to publish something that kay 't k lde bld, itaab un, he eer , emno o saw, one of the gems icame across, and he told her he wanted to tell her why he had published this report one day in advance ofts icn, s ss eahain n wa t hy o d ubnews when it is news and that means when we learned and securedhe information legally and checd it for liable aw ot ai tubr nna te. ewertiey he suare ou t napsi.m of course, no one of these steps

puts us out of the business, but that'sot the iss. iswna est epnte, atnfnaec t ess ger on trre sacrifices a precious asset, the vitality and commitment and possibility the respect of itseporters if only one man says what's the use get nst t t lomngal potesurso cl 's py gstol of what the policy is. [laughter] so the pentagon papers was a moment. this is the moment. everybody says what's the moment in werga. ttana. e oteer em titd i ovaz an e nnad o the paperknew daniel, the -- daniel elsbu, th guy who ardn0:rshe pa t

thutto ug touof hduhae lawys saying don't do it, the whole nine yards, and want day ended with a call to ben's house, and it's ben and k having an aen ahs a into touth codeathen the washinon wash was born, and se up everything that was to follow so ben came to the pst in 'st sw" d fenovwian who became tony bradle, and in 19, he beethngnded au chief, a in wdoep h to him out to lunch, and then he came to the paper.

at he said about when he came to the paper was the first thing he wanted too vehe daomo pog, hr amo rte lldn'so otenoe to a foreign corrpondent and laid out way he was trying to do with the newspar. we are not trying to make this paper tblatter. wh ntetn ert emflnddd dialanllnn rt t rvethand, the vailed stand, the phrases that make the position clear that cloud the new if flatten "wngpowobeus se w f,da, yootseal they arevalued. we are talking about something different, tilt. tilt flaws the effort we make to become a newspaper distinguhed by flavor, diviitnd sile bboal ir

atn' mon 65 hoft he became executive editor in 1968, most of you read the "washington post," i asme, and mostre st te e io heho i ohi anor a bth executive editor in 1968, there were memos flying around, and 234 january of 1969, the style seion came out. it shing we aer wsr er a ast . e'iylsenn erpenddo w anen iked b aout the yle section late, i realized the style section materialfuls not powerful enough, and it was one of the last chapt fully po, wh a a thit yatd id,re? wateate,he pentagon papers? he said from aournalist

perspeive,aybe sonoo grriser see thas ben'sics vision. it's an important part of the modern newspaper and part. people accept it a part of the newspape ehing thatpe j rathyefhe t e ioan k s eth come later is ly wney, o acim i 1, geas an picnd fd azuf n ee ieof thvi a lguys placg ads in the paper, and he walked over to downey's desk, and he saidheyepnt the sangdannto th npaerngm saweink mhe

opped. i didn't know what to say. i was worried about whatben uld say next. long pause, andaysjust gh k hlk ay dheieli totli ar ati, neckn,ndev hearanother word about it. imagine that cversation today. just imagine. [laughter] as tdou be,re. see staouhe ce iewoaz siatte, feel i don't need to talk about that now. i want to read one lovely quote about ben's view on all of this, sertha--t het pulitzer, ben was on the board at the time and thought he maneuvered it so the paper would

get iconot sshae thenn,ehe hor y sd g ind we os od s ioat meeting is this. i said to them, in the last analysis, if it had not been for the guts of theah, d pngas wh th oll, folks. the guts ofheahs t? hugs,nd y k graham is different. one of the things, and i think don gray ha and liz, al the an cyndvee aox

n' correspondence, and it was revolutionary of their relationship, and one of the most exciting things to read. it was their realtime back a h, tomwi agpaan ca mt. n ur b ., d td to find some way to sum up their relationship in the book, and th go back and forth, and people speculated that k. was in love with ben, and i tack about that but anashe cct , imanou,ut99 through him a bo party when he has memoir came out, "a good yoe muadto ld in-peo he oetye ale didn't give her a book, the woman who made him a wealthy man, everything. at the end of the note, he wrote this. imanrc .ue beos

seohapvei i e'thth n change that, not even by own clumsiness and your party was a gfu urdowo th wrf atf y o wnd who they are. i don't want to talk for too much longer, but what i want to talk about bcause nobody addressed it at all,and i h od a he ion t, t onehtnt te at and i don't knowow much of you are bean she heard a rumorckndome

there was a new heroin ulcer ane sut ndiof tse tiint formation from a drug treatment center saying there was an 8-year-old addict that came for treatment. she brought it ba to the edits, and one ofheeds idt' fgeto intmeneec, shen ot out and couldn't find a boy, couldn't find any boy who mated the description, and ultimately she decided to make it up,nd s e ecat iryry d f esisde t people didn't buy right away, but it survived the editorial process at e post and published in1980 on thent gellmyrl eimeh tan

atwautcrd iitor hha was not true. ran on the front page, and immediately the dc government said they were looking forhe kid, a berry said it made up,thdialai poto or eras sinndhe oo b to i wld have ner been discovered that she made it up had she not won the pulitzer prize in april of the following ye. there's a host oonsat wrg tzri. tfu at cor hen ced o s earlier by ben bradlee. had heot created it, it wouldn't he come down on s head it's tan t o thstretstoit, befuot, and then the next day ben's phone rings, and so did howard simons,

themanagi editor of the t d a sg s g sth t tbmd n'at the bio file before, and in -- what ben said to me was my heart nk because they knew then, and nnew tgh , jisp, oketoys alusy d,ou ou or so. what happened next is the reason why i'm telling you th story. amassive fraud had be etdn t win . du du ye b bradlee? n ha be part of -- with k's co't it, but gave freeitution of

reign. everybodat the paper will cooperate with this inquiry. fie'otngtot on sorted fact pe dbo t at the time, and when isked him about it, what he said is he learned the lesson in watergate, and the leon of wartgate is geoun t mou eimh whouafh dif ong t e an w graham's participation and the remarkable talented man name bill green who pie fo ayer aeyo stngce- na ylre ss a r m cahe talked to everybody after it happened, but that moment when ben said we're not going to cover it up, butet it

ou el tomed an tstore. yave,ore tt ahe ita questions in jus a moment, is this kid at yale, and i had to get permissions to use any letters in the book to use people'sames so likr t rstead tlhe ug ad, red on pdheal raan id wnt to u your dad's letter that says peckerwood and all of that, d there's colorful language, and she goes, tha's dad. yonoa uhenprs, tthiaca h bnoxious soundg, and i reached him, and he had no memory of writing the letter. he said you can use it, just not nam sne n'llyo he. thskenwhdshe

dia accountable en there's a mistake. he said the readers. the brevity of the reply an earnest question was amusing to the audience. thswbes uy rsf the aienc ev. soo tet soax, but an early chapter that could be mediagate. i hope you rember the lesson and think loer bore swg neimom y o ks re ve tr ienese d you've got pompous at an early age. [laughter] inraepngs ased qstiosk e inoded icuepngor yols you saw us do it on the front page. you saw the washington post apologize in an editorial. you saw the whingnst

as rnheli e. e no oepco t. uen american journalism, really. i am speechless at your injunction i should think of this and think of a lger. re s to t foufif i may give you a piece of advice. [laughter] that's b. toosec inkyead two quotes here threon a io yhumor me, but i the important. one is from ben and the other from harry. first is ben gave a speesh in f74exo gnan b si to poi tards a

deeper tru. you get the story today, take a bite from the apple, get another bite tomorrow, never a ful te. at's pso t t buththsea pot em fn cayolmveee yt lth is a 16, 1974 in atlanta. there's many obstacles on the road between philosophy and practice. ere's rarely such ahing as absolute truth. we c olyrate t firodr hry more than a other profession, we are legitimately subject to the cond guess. you -- unique amo pdu t p ienve h ennmwhthale rt inherently conflict with the goals of the rert and the reader. it is this daily conflict that gives concrete imrtance and toedf esandme, witthfl t

ut then in terms of what some read into some of my reporting and i thk this reallyys i set tn. is h, etto peine rte and evybody on the watergate and all of that. i talked with him in september of last year, and i s open reinsoioeaso wao t p questions about the naativ of watergate as it was handed down. he said, we can talk about this endlessly, but the ssets. tee ie o . ifwaotrier sttait rt reai tnyry ever dealt with, serge with that tenure. it was brass, solid.

you can argue about this and that, t the truth, the truth isatrong in w altgr oat itthy.dec ead wseur tee ition ybody earned his stripes. everybody. the fact that they were not perfect human beings. the fa they didn't m ecdgsrye i n'in gs s khaer atsty favorite letter of all, and then i'll talk questions. this is in 1992, and there's a section at the end of the book issed l arywin thing ae,aw ou bantco prlyal the letter, and it's advise to live by for all of us. dear ed, don't second guess deon d s or look back. led gr, [lteg ,ck t

anu vy very much for coming. [applause] k. any questions? upngis anyway, it's online, revealing mike hole land's book, "lea -- >> sure. bolso peev y llckhthto ou. brupthwkage clpoti out that the essential two things involved are not relevant anymore. the parking garage and the fire

pot becae onlyword ow t t n thpythw srihe o wheer or whether or not woodward told the truth and if one istrue, then he didot ll t h. s homngch ner, n g teoayh watergate. years and years ago, if k graham said mtme f der i woha cor pa, yeaghndht nt hve salons up in her house, not far from here. >> salongate. >> yes. popoothto as ieto

m o hicksville. that tells it all in terms of powe and influence compared to 20 # years ago and what it is now. >> sure, s yve auen? do t ipoleha st s bon epr t pns and power that it regains influence and general oomph in graham's time >> that's a hard question t swer, as yn ine 'sh er t hiome e reg e he tis hne t ke o slongate, a direct parallel to janet cooke in a lot of ways. when that happened, there was no real investigationt theo. myoowdpptn heot i at tmp s. that didn't happen. that's a definition of a cultu shift. i think the post is, you know, is tryg to figure t how to ke iinheewor ani

t t h estiorow tho cc bin t sp te ic t mons different from how in my mind, the newspaper would have responded. anybodye? was gh th picuen, are om?mn w i'll sign books, i'll be here for awhile. i hope you want to take on the controversy and ta aut and itpl o. [lte y t sein wdo y o responses? >> i've been asked that question. >> might want to peat that question. >> sorry heskedwhenid i e ntrsmind dinhe acs. e ts precise

controversy coming in scope and dimension? no. iean as reported in the book, it was clear that bob didn't thtu4 thag d i thought maybe it wouldn't play out the way it played out this week. i think from my perspective it's aery new situatnor m molo"-mng d hst it been strange, but i'm not going to say i'm completely surised. - sioft --wa net i ct g w b t to >> how do you explain? >> i really can't to be honest with you. i mean, i woke up on monday moing, and there was a stor int,rtf leg

an ron t d aroixhias tein tha leer t tto be honest. [laughter] imagine bob wishes he had that one back, but i stood by the nochnginctd y rti s 00nd inyg, t ntroversy, if you want to call it that, has only made me feel better about what i reported in my book to be quitean wondtegup mihof y't m heano >> i was a bit surprised that bradeld tylen thewerve pot, ink perhaps that it is like taking

>>t' tl hhef peoplin the city. exy teesedit htt l it aer -- nirva away from politics, and i want to hear your opinion about that. >> absolutely. i mei ksoo afas wyle moeader, in "the washington post" before 1969 you never knew where the tv section was. pa t p son re tvi, so ohe kunns s oid t at the practical fution. they had a section called for and about women, and then -- it withhe olscase, bo

of u ben, and i don't think people say he was for feminism or anything like that, but in the rational,wh he outowon men,nde wed ati nedea in a modern way. that was a component of it. the third thing you mentioned was it. in the proposal for the section, the guy who submiedit d, ssntmangitf plth a pe,he way people live. there was nothing like that in a newspaper, and so when they put the style sectionogher, the first cover was of this -- it was a womana.il, fspanr dnng w wn. ouaan wn, not, you know, sort of then the geral had tea and gave remarks and all of that, and so i think

ben was really looking fr a deayorehas it, haealano the antecedent for this is ben' uncle, the first real editor of grwrsyi bme mane al magazine, but a hard hitting thing exprezzing modern life, and ben did that with the style section and that was why it was soel >> ya try sussman for the book? >> i did not. i requested an inrview, and i spoke to him two weeks ago. it's beensuch ahind ok h te

an, heaha n ws id f0 # years or whatever it is. we had a frank discussion, and so i requested it before, and then itidn't come through, but i tkedo eybel ul >> yes. >> one more question. did ben say anythingbout the pub my cation of the -- publication of the manifesto th aedtori ch unibbe s, ta ain t . iouat bhe oudest moment. >> gosh, no, i don't have anything about that. >> i have a feeling that given ovokanng fay b fi tpr ybout ben as a man or a newspaper man >>sugrquon an ahi

wisst h,so tuor ki wl p t ad bui er. aur] the question was the watergate nuggets e the ones getting the most play, what do i think is overlooked or most surisi out atfo ob do wtspnnsry t isen images of rash, fearless commander, and let's get him. i won't imitate the voic he hrenfatdoes i and ru bheerom. eramo iook where he's trying to move another editor out, and he back channeled it. it was not a ben bradeoing rothe wsmin g heuter sc, ine ls,nd do tbohh n uc

i think the thing that was most surprising to me, although that's somewhat different from the public image,he thing most surprisi to me was how nsisnt h w. mryaden , yboasre teigoresow n imagine the panic, the panic with which i looked through the boxes looking for stuff i missed,ufhat ouldave ihe b s t poaro thh borego what that was was the bunch of the check this, check that, where's there and that stuff that was missing. i thout mbeth thin hh g chryg. ink as a -- you knowi became a biographyer, and as a biographer, how doesvi

4 um, i he t, gtprivilege to meet and spend time with ben, but it made me have sympathy for biographyers because whns clfrheco n n. pealstad a soft side, a coassionate side, particularly for drunks. he hated to fire drunks, and stlith p oted to lethe dow hube mes sod there were tons of surprises. the watergate stuff was surprising. it was all surprising. he wasmazing about it. the stth swher rt shi ghdeup ore, t ly w l wh the next question?

which is an amazing attitude for someone having a book written about him and one i spec suse ibu od e id ei a c b s [laughter] i sure did. he asked if i gave ben a copy of the book. i sure did, last saturday. we have a great picture of that uh memypphen bymy lyfe erlaapchhe crne, oh, no, all right. crisis averted! [laughter] why vice president we seen you moreyo g a m any h question? >> l y , rt,t n.

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