tv Book TV CSPAN July 14, 2012 8:00pm-9:00pm EDT
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wi find ipads under all of your seats if you want to look right now. [laughter] it is wonderful to be here and it's an honor to be here at the town hall and town hall and i love being in seattle to see isteyo robablyautifulit tell, a little bit from that bio, i have written test books mostly about architecture, about the things. and the thing about that is wn u write about aritecture you buildings and you can talk to the architect but then most importantly at the end of the process or the middle of the process you can go and you can see the building and you can see wh it smells like and whatit ds le annd auallgo pece ere buildings in cities and regardless of the
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complicated history of the no politics and culture that made the city you can still go walk around it and that is the key crucial part of the experience thats le eied cah. lead over the last several years, what i realized was that writinabout architecture meant more and more i was sitting in front of my laptop and then at the endf the day paticurly sinc ro 2wn athe screen that i carried in my pocket. that disconnect was incredibly striking to that i was essentially supposed to be out in the world looking at things but instead i was always sitting in front of my screen. even moe ikttc emot bald l. there were places to shop or talk to friends or all these things are kinof the landscape of the mind, but there was no physical presence to them at all. there was no way of
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detanding what was actuall backh. on ndf ae ve of it is the consistent image of that world behind the screen was always this. with the internet as some sort of amorphous blog and you en't really sposed to know where you weren t and wa't allyued tt ifndcrveo ats paw which always kind of reminded me of the blue marble picture of the era's floating in space. that is meant to say we are -- this is where we are but i's alst t dcult dend iath er is big amorphous blog and that was all that i could know about the physical reality behind the glass as much as i was trying to look at, to get a sense for the place that i was in. loadisiaistedo io caho l o o s didn't know what that world was behind the
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screen? and, and then one day, this haened ocon does, and the cable guy came to fix it, and sort of started with the dusty clump of cables behind my couch and followed it out to the front of my building inbrolyn ad to e bament au o theahi oc o cables and there was a squirrel running across the wire. he said i think the squirrel is chewing on your internet. and this was obviously surprising because the internet s a ande iea asohi srr ulew [laughter] but more striking than that, if a squirrel could chew when that piece of the internet there must be other pieces that a squirrel could chew on and so i got this ime ha uldaen
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yedclomal dad olits? where would he go? it must go somewhere. there must be some physical path but all i knew was this blog. thab, we twas when i started to w p wnd d visited, the answer was unequivocally no. only foo try to visit the internet. like in this episode of south park, where the internet res therisno ntrnoin if teirns en ty all become internet refugees in california because that is where there is internet and it becomes very grapes of wrath and then eventually they find theinternet, this big veion theoutethatou thoscorsth p ir kind song to try to wake it up but that doesn't work and then eventually one of the
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little guys climbs up the ramp and unplugs the giant plug and [ltes it back in. d hyse hi ow light, and they are saved. salvatn. or if that is not the internet, then this ishe internet. on i w i prtenx with red light e crowd, where they convince their colleagues that they have arranged with the elders of the internet for her to borrow the internet for an office presentati and normally it sits the top of big ben causthats where yoget buey na to, you know, procured for the afternoon so she can show it off. and she says, she says this is the internet? the whole internet? is it heavy? they laugh at her and say of weanngt, etsn
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west is the location, that is what we all thing. there are the poets that have their own conceptions of the internet and my favorite is the author christine smallwood that points out the history of t toh r t invisible god? and then she weighs the relative merits of describing the internet as a tutsi roll, at hot tub, a highway oa place an then she ealis ttaually e nne pbait shis e e tit looked like matt damon, or like lines of flight written in an invisible sky, so we were back to that amorphous blog, where we can't liofhtthy thalce o ataie universe that is impossible to understand. fortunately there was one guy who did understand that the internet was a place or at least could be.
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something else other than this amorphous blog and thatwas toedvefaka who said, when he was the chair of the senate commercescience and technogy committee stopped him from religious -- the internet is not something y ju dumsomeing . it notus ru a series of tubes. we thought this was completely hilarious. and i made fun of him. again the internet isn't a series of tubes. this transcendent idea that h prupwihesivethin world, then it seems like he was a little bit right, that there must be something out there and it was those tubes that i set out to see. so i want to tal abouose is t ca a tehi te icrlym for
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caitiff and any given webpage you load will have thousands and thousands of processes behind it but physically, the kind of reality of it is relively straightforward. aunshe nth0 gabits per second wave of light through fiber-optic cables that are then long-distance along the railroad tracks in places like this, whichis in the mddle okansas which is the place thatcam t iacteit r in photo for wired a few years ago and to find pieces of the internet that we could photograph and was on the phone with a pr person for onethgntern li hn df e un where you know, the fibers, the signals are regenerated? she said let me find out and got on the phone a guy with a pickup truck in ksas city in the
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middle of the ountry, th the respsity f allf getiun veil dind then proceeded to ask which was the most beautiful hub? this was the place that came up. baidhthis gis sti tha pulsing through fiber and this is the kind of, this is the sort of smaller unit. this is the fiber-optic cable that literally fills with light when you bend it. lighcomes out. what is remaable is that th 10 gabitpe ndwa a 40 gigabytes per second wave and they're talking about testing hundreds of ways an even more remarkably, you will have a situation where there are multiple wavelengths or colors of light throughny sine randf fbe uwav50 oe 7, gigabit wave lights through
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the five or so immediately it does become passive numbers but always through the yellow fiber-optic cables. and thenhey come together in builngs. ising o o ri in new york and if the internet is an network, it is all of these places where one network and connect another where you have a router at comcast orti rnnte tholece o croft and that is a very physical process, the big refrigerator like machine was blinking lights and the yellow cable connected to it and strung up through the ceiling in a building like this a down into thcagend io throut of othenor mafhe ces, there are about a dozen of these buildings in the world that are by far the most important in order of magnitude more important than the next measured by the fact that they are the places where mo networks meet
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thannyothr. bungchi not -- don't know whole lot about but i know it's not in the top dozen, the very next tier of most important buildings. intestabouitat es blness to it. yes the buildings are highly secure and you can't just walk in and there aren't at least yet tours of the internet, b you can, because they are in the places whereetworks m, the a onvtibo eru ,re t a where another network is and where are we in the same place that we can physically connecone router to another. a lot of the conversation happens among a relatively small group of 300 networ enneer gathed uer e baer o p ed n aca twoporro if you talk about going to conferences and networks they
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literally go to conferenceto network and they do it about three times a year. their annual meeting is three times a year. cath ol a s rtaneynkot eed fet, eysth r th figure out if you are clue fulle opposite of clueless and if so does it make sense for me to connect my network to your network or perhaps iuld nnecmy netwk toyo twdwiay aremtht is all about time in space between and all about trusting the other engineered to make sure that things are working properly in order to create th network of ant as het os building jumbles of these yellow fiber-optic cables. and then the part that i like the most is that some point, it hits the dir thebudiaroec to
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the year. they are a movable. their geography is very specific and that is what this room is. is called a fiber fault and the rest of these buildings are kind of like walking into acne e so of ud a de i cool and the hard floors in and the high ceilings and you know just an incredibly sort of overwhelming enronment. when you walk into this room, it is hot and it is still and it smells lkirtis e fi cou te ground. this in particular is a building in ashburn, virginia which is a strange place because most of, the most important buildings are in world capitalsnd frankfurt tharfetl adam and don new hbiiardulles airport is one of them. you end up with network engineers talking about ashburn are one of these big cities when
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it is an unincporated subur the ildi oed aconytre i edq nc you can see the dulles airport runway. and then because this is a place so many networks are meeting and has become so a abundant and so cheap you end up with this ces,chmeriivitswh a hecerea is stored, gather round these distribution depots, these places were all the networks may. you can see the aircraft carrier like till things around a handful of buildings at the ceer. anen a iof bwa ce aws a atl headline, the internet and concentric circles around it. the company that owns this building, all ek ty we ama'te.ware d e
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they provide space and sort of an environment with a proper character for a network equipment and connecting one to evor poetic is the undersea cables. the cables that literally connect continents. res oreron is aeno afc in city of these cables across the ocean, not that many of them. you can count 10 or 12 off the atlantic and i think even fewer across the pacific that are easy comehenin tt dmio de are usually four, six or eight strand of fiber and kind of a plastic rapper and a copper rapper that sends electricity
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through the wire to power the repeaterthat exist every mil o so. es ufunikin that set on the floor. it's incredibly simple that it goes into one end of the ocean comes out the other. there is all ts fantastically complex material, technology a processing technology and err coectinllesmp tegoms bttas ogy ncbly clear. you have a landing station on one shore of the ocean a house like structure usually tucked away in some seaside -- seaside neighborhood and 's that other dimeion, te knof garden hose, the 5000-me link and the 8000-mile link seems almost incomprehensible. then there is a particularly beautiful one that came out of this question, is the a ol te ere e thd an i
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yes, there is a place on the beach where the cable and. what is remarkable is the cables often stretch from the same, between the same places they have already stretch and that's 150 year historyfera e acfr sspo es from new york to lisbon to hong kong to singapore to mumbai for. it's always chasing the same path,. so i wanted to see one of these whwart being blt historical moment. there hasn't been a new transatlantic cable built in 10 years. there will be one this summer, but this is my friend simon coer. we have nevr actually met. we hav only mca roee he defeinnkd rkfor until recently the communications weighing of the big industrial conglomerate
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which isased in snre ense blinu i dominated almost entirely by englishmen and they are all 42, because they all started with the beginning of the boom about 20 years ago. and he has this incredibly advanced geograpcmainatn ansahingliket. adraveeorout of when they brought in network out of bankruptcy, link across the atlantic and across the pacific and they started adding pieces to it until they have essentially a continuous loop around the world so you can buy aenof htdit ean s tables send it around the other side which is an amazing way of thinking about the geography of the earth. his job, because the pices are as falling on the transatlaic and transpacific roots ist weotedchnt arinhe persian gulf and africa and three years ago
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africa had essentially won cable down the west coast to now there are three down the west coat and three down the east coast. it was one of those caes tat i waedsee insed t isa, oue any cables being cnstructed soon? he said we will keep you posted and i was worried he would say guam or they were building cable insia isl t tct n a. stead it was a cable from lisbon, and so a little after 9:00 on a monday morning this guy walked out of the water, it carrying a lightweight nlon linehas fili eee ahe sea. and so they pulled the line on the beach and the bulldozer brought it out to this cable ship, a special ship and then a bulldozer started to pull the cable in. enerokg on. sys
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and then once the cable was in place, the guy in a wetsu who was the spanish underwater construction ork, lkbak turthigfe ar cutting the boondocks. the cable, the buoys would pop up out of the water and the cable would drop and they would chase them down and then he would do that the whole way. thth gvi l e a ie hmp ckan im k. then he had a cigarette when he got back to the beach. but that was the first piece that put the cable in place. and then once they came ashore they had to strip back thekind of ext yef stl coin sht keep from running over it and breaking it which meant
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these big guys with tattoos and hacks started hacking away t cable, first getting the steel mesh out and more delicately ke e stheg d inwithhe fibers like jewelers where they are actually fusing the fibers together. the cable that came down the hill from the landing station like a hole pnch machine that rt of heats them together. so when ou ethese guy whe wiitthte wa inou ckit seems a lot less like this amorphous blog, and seems a lot more like a physical thing. and then when the tide goeut they puthe sel ts stl card ndr vard as possible without having to put on their scuba gear for those first dangerous feat feet in the water. and what is remarkable is that yokntechlogygain un tapy can
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put through a single fiber, but physically in gross terms and culturally, it's gone onfor100 years. i grare h nty e t t, g down to the engineer, the guy in the hat in the back and the local labor and the ship you know and the cable anenn prs on the beach. othurf e ur days, the ship goes off. out to the coast of afica putting the cable out over the back and then the people of the li esk noale in lisn, you kn pthalevac aored with sand and it is there and forgotten and nobody talks about it. but if that seems, that doesn't seem right to me. it seems like we should be
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talking about this. every ti we tak aout e liveimat we put, we give more to the cloud and we give up some responsibility for it. we forget about it when in fact we should be having a conversation about what that is. ere aat spheni ats deoehd owet a s. so i want to finish with a story about my visit to two data centers which are the first ound data centers of the number one and number two most apwhwa ld theirk an first data centers in central oregon, not in the same plas but 100 or 200 miles away from each other but for mostly the same reason. thchan pois e neoreetrefinse jocie
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places where data centers are, sort of end up on two poles. they either gather where we are or around exchange points, places like virginia, or theyo to th ple that adapts the mostfficnt rthemo be wiot cheap power like central oregon or washington which is where microsoft was th first to do that, to put their big data center in quincy and i'm sure somebody here has stng tse placeswo was the egree to which facebook saw its data center in a place called -- has a showpiece. facebook embraced tand br foo febco and. there was essentially this norman's machine which was sort of bnging a lot of spirit back to this town and it turned out as well that apple is moved in directly across the street.
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and ese maiv ld ihestthe dis planned, a 300,000 square-foot building, the size of three walmart's, walmart being the measure of all things big and uses as much power, or uses more power than the entire tyt tsi itta t place of the industry that had left. so you get a sense of that coming out the earth nd comi out of the landscape. befo i wt thoughit was gog e r a st b t was the opposite. it was a surprisingly beautiful thing that the town has absolutely embraced. which for facebook is really become a showpiece. there is a joke to be made about istoiy eon sort of e coveane but to me it is embodying the idea that
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this is somewhat belongs to you. that ts is, the things in here or in part yr. there is a lot of pride in that. so you have a building tt is ceer bause it can be optimized to use as little energy as possible. and then it's really probably the most beautiful data center you will ever see. most of them look ke the seamy whbselaz tc facebook has measured everything out perfectly. is one of these blue lights represents a terabyte hard drive. the building has rows and rows of them like stacks in the library. even being there and knowing that it's difficult omat apweno the emotional residence of some of the things that this contains, the announcement of new babies and new jobs and deaths and many more banal things in knowing at it's actually her.
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imatreed connect that obstruction with those things that it contains. but it is sort of a start. it's nice to know that it's actually there. the library now, this is the place thatonins these thgs tyxieth was essentially the exact opposite, where facebook had sort of open wide the doo and spent the entire day answering questions and making sure i understood, whichhad been the case as well in dozens and doze of e heecf at google, i invited myself over. they said sure, co on over and then was essentially given a tour of the park and not. and when i said, can you tell me abit about what's going on inde otseld? ey'mehas foio hinal t n something that we share. i'm sure they do know what goes
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on inside the buildings. and assorted continued to play t as a farce when i went into the kugler'segableatch itsn alhs salmon, greens and jupiter cups and the invitation for each person would be invited to lunch to tell me how much they liked working at google the degree to which ts asth ieong e zef ac'vsiwarly ri ahais even more striking is not hypocritical, given googles mission statement organizing the world's information nd that they should be held to a higher standard and mue ush tsmuchrust t returned and there was a sense that don't worry, we will take care of. all of you don't need to understand thiunlike the other dozens of engineers who made sure i understood and then could are that. anen wn i id i am
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santnotog cebeinothe buildings their response was, the governors and senators have been disappointed too, whi was a pressing comment because now governors and senators are investigating goog fosom of esivacth. [laughter] but what was so striking to me and equally so the sense that this doesn't have to be hidden behind closed doors, that there was another wayf thinking abouthi. wh itoe dve til portland, and pass the bonneville dam, which is the fortss under these huge arorf neguthe highway, a ar yarnd eve n. ce a inside, there is a sort of a museum and a sense
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that the complicated 75 plus years of hitoryre discussed d prente anconsered d ar is ow ic infrastructure. this somehow belongs to all of us. and iteems as if that, certainly, this is a sense of the place and certainly this is a place that has a security issue of some sort and that is itbwhisuaclisepiof atsow ng to us and there is a sense that we should know what goes on in there. of course google is rivate company and you know, the argument that there is a competitive damage from kepin eir tace ptees bu'sot that you know, their system can't be a black box given how much we have given to google and other companies and, in, tgive to the internet. so it's that sense of opeess th i kt inind d is li cversation about the
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internet should be considered. thank you. [applause] i amapptoe a w ti thmroe you want. >> he in your book yo alluded prmst t nd ef dffert ou the technology being dinosaurs. what i've been learning in the internet i have always kept in mind-th were six people who taught me all i knew, who, what, where and when.
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what do you think the internet needs now? thho >> wwhwh w in the world and the internet is treated like it's pointed out as a cloud. what is the question people should be asking the most about the internet now? >> well for me, the first eswa e where is it? and then the second question was what is it and the third question was, why is it here? and the why is it here was surpse -- surpsing hums a story. budi ter always sort of a fact of geography where the hub sits at the elbow of lower manhattan, always important for telecommunications in the fit way out of town as the holland tunnel buthere's always the chismaticaspn. e'ls on o nvd twtw t
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comment that made this building someplace that other networks would want to come. in it case of equinox, that was a very dramatic blue light, i prplatg edldsnap our l at beck that was the important part. i feel like now, i mean for me, having looked at the where and the what and who, the sort of howell of whae w ule ngthte, he inett veit's ally compelling. "tubes" is entirely descriptive but it's interesting as we think about the prescriptive possibilities. at the moment you cn buvery ffert sof lttan ryfe noshn coffee beans and anything you want, but you probably have only one choice of internet so we are sortable having, it eating the
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equivalent of iceberg lette. thhobehabut what more choices about where the internet comes from would look like. you mentioned that the fitness of the wire that gives ourntert isboutha a gaenhe. bee erehere don't get severed or damage? >> the cables are about that fake. international. they do t severed in damage. etheby agns landslides or earthquakes and when one of the underwater cables is broken and the most famous case was in 2006, off he coast of taiwan, there was a major hquake that seered six of the eight cles knd f of line. supposedly there was a worldwide
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drop in spam and the trading was halted in koea and there were major consequences. to fix it, you have to send a hoveese, nhearli blithdfthe cable, fuse each strand of fiber together and throw it over the side. there were multiple breaks on multiple cables and it took a matter of weekand months to fix it. inst yoau prection it bit y ar is from dragging anchors, there's a group called the international cable protection committee whose job it is essentially to announce where the cables are rather than hiding them. they tried to broadcast where dobreahlesrethe chor er ditdcot between the sense of security and sort of the risk of the cables that the people that operate the cables have rsus some often higher-ups. the most strikingxample of that was was geing ady
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t ofseledi at a wsko eak with the head of security from one of these big backbone companies. he said we are happy to have you do this and we want to share how this works but we ask that you not publish the location of the landing station. if you enter the name oft compy inhe tn th i d,igreagsn google maps on his desk. not only that at the f license in the landing license for all of these cables is a matter of public record. this secrecy s-tsecy ot ko t all. >> what kind of weather bailout is are there foreor ck t ns cutting cables? >> yes i am a well, the point of
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the iggesconcern are the places where the twks me ag bserea of a public connection between networks, these companies that own the buildings are eager to announce where they are so everybody knows they are the so they can check their networks it'sote - d't ale onsi aty que big buildings. they are difficult to destroy and any wholesale well -- wholesale way. ttin an eofthem wuld veajmt t tr tknhe global economy and you have perhaps slow down a few networks from working so there's not a lot of -- certainly there are secure places but it is as uch because the single racks might have $75,000 worth of equipment rathth ro
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it ies t ,he higher up the food chain i got of the internet, people w operate the internet exchange points that less concernedhey were about, talking about where they were because they recognize hidingthm isot wo do . 's interesting, google had until very recently not had -- had satellite image and google maps had been scrubbed, not st the oldbut itwa scubb. i veadia lle santhaeyen ge bause it was so perfect that there google maps have been scrubbed it now but now is a clear image. there is only a sign that says baltimore industries, not ogle. cebo doeag n e rissi mean, one of the other, one of the most major cuts, real successful
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attacks on the internet at actually had a big efectw i liveyn bo clip all of the, essentially all of the cables ana manhole and it was determined to be out of a dispute where someone knew exactly which cable to cut. th terrorist teat,ceai r rtrindac the network, is a lot greater concern than the physil infrastructure. >> could you talk a little bit about the economics? we are all interestedithe blheerca. d us -- obviously the company that ls them pays for it but the economics of leasing the usage and how long the cables last etc.? >> t iei ve
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free. somebody is always paying somewhere and we sort of decided that because we pay at home and we just assume we get the rest of the internet and the vt is capped or maybe it in't emedthaalof coti between networks and ideally to networks will connect in a way that they are peers and so it staged traffic on equal thrpac esos are owned by a few different types. there are ar a couple consortia such as telecom and things like that better decade ago built the cables togethernd usyoeretn 200, $30,400,000,000,000. there are a couple of firms that own cables and then there are a couple of backbone companies like level 3 that also own their
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own bles. threti or leasing a certain number of 10 gigabit per second wavelengths of light as with google. google or facebook run global networks of their own andta leg0iitecoh e 4 5 t across the atlantic. and then they will all either have agreements or by capacity on each other's cable if one cable is , they readhave acse athabs ac e problem, the englishman who run the cables, like to say the capacity is always getting cheaper. is at the moment that the git se wvycan ith0 itwt d ne cards, these things that
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look like a pack of wrigley's gum and are incredibly dense and cost as much as a laptop. yocan pop out the 10 gigabit per second one and put in a brd-ne40abpeco ce s a im niheelh he l fit together, like a court. and then suddenly your cable has four times more capacity. the new cable that is being but nextea inth it showed her route and it's fewer miles which is meant to appeal to the wall street trading firms that essentially differences between new yorknd london sobeng t ore ci is worth a new 300 million-dollar cable.
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>> could you spe to e benninof t te, e coteo t is at the same system that we have today? >> yeah, sure. in the beginning, i begin with the first physical piece of the internet there's intlectl hiory reedwoanis idea that it's smaller bits between places. my sort of focus was on the physical places, and in that fipiof ine the first machine arrived on the campus at ucla laborday weekend 1969, and the guy who is a professor, whose lab it as co tocis ti he y. s hee fi the interface message processor was until recently a bunch of
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coffee cups in the middle of the conference room across from his office and he has finally succeeded and turning iti i n'd ano see. but that is the kind of place where the internet, he likes to say took its first breath with with the connection from their o me park, which is e thedsotwto he internet. the first network that then became the internet when other networks were attached to it at this moment when it was established between thes different networks thathad ge r when pcs -- pcip said this is the way networks will communicate and you stl see that when your internet brings it home. with that it was a network neorthe paneconnte
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cote t emerging bank networks that became the internet and then there was al gore. [laughter] no, no, who sponsored the key esiainayriatislation tha inet awe neks to bloom in 94, 95 and 96 period. >> you mentioned buildings for the networks, where they come toer. e thr re etoie that invest in building these buildings and leasing them? >> yeah, some very lucky ones. a couple of the buildings,i was in portland yesterday in portla hhigreat tet guo ge it. i hadn't been to the internet and about in about a year, and i don't know if i mention that the
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ternet has a specific smell, this burnt toast kind of smell and it was great to walk into theiing. ere s thme wom ter b talked about how lucky the owners feel that they happened into his building. this building became the key intercnection point in rtland, esenallyhe napo on e neks tntt et which is incredibly valuable. they are charging rent foboth the cage but also charging rent for what is called across connect, the connection between one cage and the other. oukw, bin owned by i don't know if i put this precisely, but an investment company and equinox is essentially in the real estate busins. they own the land and i wasn't unyi oueafthsethatin
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this is not a campus they can be moved, they can move it across the street and it's like a coral reef. and that piece of dirt is incredibly impornt. ar ard bela ed vblr that. >> in your book you quoted churchill about how we create our buildings and our buildis create us. inermsf arhitture lyectoecific buildings but this massive interdependence, architecture that has been created, what are they doing to us? ,me stngnt cenl a concern that i was losing touch with the physical world and living entirely in front of the screen.
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one of the great pleasures of visiting the internet was that when you visit the intnet you are not on theinrn ty on g it ayhendpe theday with these people, and that engagement was very satisfying. that is sort of one way of thinking about it. i meanmy sense of where the ofkibot is, i have a philosophical idea of the neork of networks that it seems sort of impossible to disappear. you know, if it disappears in its curren form then theree om ec e rstynhe new yorker" is the john latham story about buying the internet. he mentioned there was anothe internet that is split and there were only 100 people on it and there s one person left and theyinvited one more person on. he was ted of it sohe s ovg ntt thin
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an internet. it's a metaphor that kind of -- what is this big thing we spend all of our day on? yes, sorry. >> the thi i wa ned acra of interdependence and interconnectedness and how is this changing us as human ings individually and collectively? >> i don't know. it's a hard thing to answer. one thing that i was really struck by was, andto talk about the churchill quote about we she our igs a our ils eui an tinastructure is only 10 or 15 years old. it's all relatively incredibly new and we are just -- some of the newest buildings are the most monumental.
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that is to ee oe gso them. facebook data center and a great building london that looks like it should look. it is sort of meant to celebrate what is gog on inside and is the kind okey building nd t knhengt me heartening and this is complicated so i don't want to go too far with it, but i am very struck by facebook's humanness and i'm verystruck by the idea that the budings represtadhd abusat should be reflected in the halls. there should be a rigor of that and the contrast is easy t i was struck in the opposite direction by googles and humanness, by the sense that thsn abnst nly a chn compassion but instead about this sort of search for the
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impossible perfect information. that is a big idea. we a ofure it's all baked. time. we will have this be our last question if that's alright. >> i am one of these people who doesn't really understand a l ofthys. >> me too. >> be idea that there were spots where the signal was transmitted through the air and not through fiber optcs, fiber. what i'm hearing here is that althwayroe en the picture on my cousin in australia's screen, there is a fiber-optic wire connected. is that true? yatme sminyeh.
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>> we wanted to get to some of the new titles that are coming out from "the new press" in the fall of 2012. thion au bok or . recrblciab cwa ng-standing relationship with howard zinn, which most people know as the best-selling people's historian and activist and taught millions of people to think differently aboutthe rolen th s enared i 2010, the legendary biographer martin cooperman developed a proposal and was given exclusive access and papers by his heirs and his estateand hireally amazing ogray he ruld we e thllo aungt. agr ie classic role. he is an amazing storyteller and he goes back to the beginning to his childhood and tal about
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the signal events of his life. they were also the signal eents andhto d awa mend well into the presence and interweaving history, the kind of nuance of the untold story of howard's life, and also how he developed as a historian how he came to havethis uniq perecti on e wr d kns ma no, it's been a best-selling book in the annie. attacks but are well into howard's later years and his audience grew and gew. there are peopledy s teaftisth i k s exciting, definite. >> another new book i wanted to ask you about, you have a the studs. book coming out. >> that is you know, studs. 's book waublhedw hre pr e
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ureappr or our 20th anniversary we edited and illustrated hard times, his great landmark oral history of the great depression and we illustrated it withwondful ot foe than ot and the walker photos and it's a great tribu to this man who meant so much to us and to so many americans. tibk.yorfavreau is coming out e author is just amazing. she is the executive director of food and water watch which is one of the leading watchdog groups ofood and water safety. she is also interestingly runng a verahud e rmsi o hon she knows both sides to the question what it means to provide a healthy alternative to our very unhealthy food system. this is a book that really is a sympathetic answer to michael
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pollen who said famously that u know, pele need toote thiro th as cty n kind of corporate control of food, the people need to do more as active consumers. they need to act as citizens of this is a political guide to understanding food and how it's produced inunrstaingthe realtic terniv an thinha oca pic tan it. she is just an amazing speaker, platform for this book and this will be really a kind of -- for as. >> mark favreau to his new press mprosed polil pot of ihinkefinitely we regard ourselves as a progressive publisher, publisher for a general audience, audiences that are typically overlooked by some of the larger commercial presses. we look forooks t hggh gus t ti reform and most notably in the last two
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years our book the new jim crow has done -- 20 weeks othe bestseller list as of this week. this is our 20th nnirsary and were foundn b dr shifrin, the owner of campion bookstore history provides an alternative viewpoint. we are celebrating this year with studs terkel anon t ster 2eknd ed fruane publisher's. >> tell us one more book that you are excited about coming out this fall. >> well, the shadow girls. henning is swdishnovest ohain rtlin eamed notoriety in the u.s.. he is a wonderful writer. introduced him to the inspector wander mysteries and his most recent book, the shadow
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