- i o e. th house represeates and i e theubca nwr ery of the week. th control t agenda in the oc anotsejobs billng a lot ofe bhing the thy. he ech orly learshi presenard xoe tal movementas pro- environment. the weremay,anywhore

documents in american history. the last iteration, theirst iteration medicare and essentially ended it as we know absolutely and i's social anb remi in the world that we goto especially for our seniors and those that are less fortunate. the budget that we pass h year both of which essentiay

cut speg, $5.7 trillion. what does it do with those savings? certits back this debt thate are so cnced ut. actually it is used to finance new tax cuts for the upp income bracket for 35%to 25%. thais terriblepolicy and the reckless investment n amrica d in te ture and soth that ink reprentsa ry radical departure for th republican party a th coress and a ral depre ie ev la. ank odness thadiee thght of dn the senate. >> host: t represtive with a few days the congress will meet beore t elion you seenythining done i c.? >> guestitreat tin i like to joke 's been

unted, the cnesecandan the's the congressional calendar and whether u not theright more days. recess. five wee recess. this c b crisis we ation therisis. some of myrids on thher dethe aisle arec uld why woen eessing om thursday andriday d i lyacal eplo the andresst issues for t privacy gae at thexpensof contry, and at some point all of us eed to put the contry's interest first not an election or parts and l have poducte eight lyst are goi to be able to fvernment o ix mo.

i don't know that ware going to have a farmbill. we notgoing to doth form. we are ot goi o s thas apprriatnbils% and we re going to kick seuesttio and the deb eilingincreas and the tax cut extensions. we are gng o the c wn thera >> hosext cls ssachusett hello, andrew. independent. >> caller:d ch fr your time this morning.megog to tellh d sted by wit all of you we wag frth policlf, whar and noinmuch right.job. if i decided to not do my job for the nxt s mon i woud be fird. you shalle fid fonod ing your j

thishi theale ofcialat g us no t d otu'reng a j getting usout. do your job thank you. listened. i agree th you. and i was one of the fir to call fcanceng of the august recess and staying in session and doing our job. this has n e ofthmo unproductive convs inlini memory nd the 100th of congress. veryay f d the esson, very fewbils pasd d a lot political posturing i don't wiink at erves the country supply rtainlshur frtio d gee that both partiere equally to ble. that isnt true, and y te schorsinof repblican lagurally by norm nsinf t amecan enten titute and econgressman os institution road a book

called it's actlly wrsth it lks, and inhat book, hey figured e ovsiof aisle very clehetw rties e t h same. they a not somew on productive neged e posturing onef the two s prtychone a ver extreme direction at least of the congression level anit's hti th ngounry. >> hos thes in your state seem tbepretty evenly suchs "the new york times" polls ad ththree keates, virginia being oneo tem. handicap polics in virgnia. heineda lad in and ia all ear lng. ere's new poll out tday that shows eadii vrgini agaian it ishe favorability i lieve, november 6 s likeo carry igfonia second te ow ando thcond demt toso

since lnd joh and th is an extraordinary delopment and it saya lot abousome of thchanges going tnkirgin is going lit of everyone's concern i thi ion attent both canditesot anfr outside rup that at the end of thday tink president obama has n advantage. ts is a state that cares about government. we have a ve large nmer of federal employees. we don like the republica- enough feder emploesn the wo rkplace. especially the southern part of the state b we do a lot of contractingth noth

are you latethe ds about the romney campaign. >>n residentnton and a partigress hpe wenoit by eqingwork for welfare. on july 1reeo work d wouldn't ha totrainfo

johey jst nd o your wek th wo ws backoplaing wit wlfe. rk equrement thaworks.e >> by mitt romney and appre this message. dmintration madeing reelfare. >> guest: i would ome att isw e enthe we esnt use. thitueway ion as i unrstandhtmare to e al momeor the limion dt to rcni no al ircumstancestheamand one size doesnt fit all. they r nt at intended to welfare to work an the ending of that kindof welfrogram that estedin 996ando other source tn resint clinton himswho ited in this program says ts

caaiisfalse. >> host: here's a little b more on both sides. last month's announcement by ths give states more leeway when it y d mre so-called. ch for welfarerogrs. hs encouragin stateto consider more fective ways to parents succesully epare nd dt employment. the ancent says the move according will allow the states to test alteatives and notive strategies, policies and prcdures or the and limit ouome for need famies. but the romnpaiga y fodirector paved the work requirements for the recipients considered a ornersto of the 96 law and critics of the culture of dependency to be undermined by t weavers for prects that use other criteria than the law participation requirements. th that requirement the

program fallsar. >> gata lse aboue crueee ist ind ironi massacsetts i mentioned massachusetts romney doesn't always like to be reminded was the governor of massachusetts every governor and every loc official once more flexibility plemt fderal law.ity to of th proems we e i t 14 years in lo go rnment. a bureaucrac f anor that's imposed n new when circumstances change we may actually have ideas o o own we like to try out and have the flexibity and the approval the federal gency and not ri the lossf o reenue and ome kind of putive reaction bythe feral govenment. that's what's goinhere. thadministration s giving states and localities more

flexity the implemtation. d to rtohat and argue that tt's aat thr to the underlying premise of the law is false and as anenormous disservice to the state an local government to try to iment the law with some flexibility. >> caller: democt in kansas. i want to think c-span for receivg ul. i just want to thank you. being a preacher here in wichita and the republican state i ike truth. in the last few minutes you been sitting here i heard from the previousguest, and it seems to be something that is liky i this countr we heard a caller from cafornia on your last guest that called talk about he wouldn't hire a person becae there were democrat. we heard a man that was independent of your minutes ago before you that seemed to be all sorts of issues.

it causes so much hatred. thanks to mr. connolly and continue to tell the world is going on. it's healthy for democracy. teddy roosevelt talked about fighting in the arena and we're ghalues and about world view and about velocities, fighting but even morality to give it athe end of the day, can we not each concede that we k the thoh e difff our points 's a fundamental thing not to question the motivation or the incerity of our polical levers ee. le s ackne owledg se as highly miva we are. i think a lot going long way to so of helping us reinstalled some stability in our policy and get on with the vigorous debate. but i thinkse of ts at

haoccu to of late is helpful and damaging frankly to the space ocess host: here'the try senator romneynd oba for high negativity in the campaign. is the campaign an example of the vigorous debate, or do you think it is lack ofstaility? st: i would say most of what've seen frankly on bot it's exploring the weaknesses of each of the two. >> host: so no more -- >> guest: ion knothat horrle neaivity. wh im ie about s he pepa and e independent expenditur where fraly zecitinited and on of the worst decisions ever rendered by the preme courtbattle of o at we transform polics in

amer m very worried. and that's very dangerous. >> host: we have keep up hour final test we will call you on this program. the author fthis one by any election. actually it looks like authority year history in the country of campaign finae reform. the cycle of abuse and then mobackc into the process will be l gs toy and on weesay nal. weome he e-mil for yofri vwer that writes the president coul ve siged so sybols but threwi ou. e is responsible for sequestration. ere sn? first of all what was th with simpson-bowles was in the piece of legislation, it was a commission that cannot with recommendations and have an informal rule out to vote for it in order forthe president to adopit and formally recommended to congress for the legislative action. theyere not able to reach that

consensu. the doesn't meant the or suggested by simpson-bowles is not still alive and well. there arema repica and manydemcra who haveed t as a veryuseful ramework. certainly the idea of oigng bi i think about 100 us signed letter thugh our leahip, boepublicans and democrats, saying we should goig we shouldn't forget that 4 trillion suggested by simpson-bowles. it doesn't mean every sie specific recommendation in simpson-wles has to be embraced. t theramewo, the concept bt and alanced way,ne fin o the key things about simpson-boes titid have a balance of revenue and spending cuts. the idea that we areomehow going rhi14 or 15rillion-dollardetntiry on spending as aow in amern ps

a sittion where one of the two grandchildren if we have aor obligation to do it right now everything needs to beon te tae. with one exception,no revenue the bti cr it's inscapable and the inle si issue ce ous national security and competitiveness there for everything must be on the table with one exception, no spending cuts. neither is a responsible position. both are kless os hacept themodes having said the republicans have. only seven in the house have taken the grover norquist pledge ver, no matterwt i 't know-how, ca wha that is an irresponsible thing to do. we tak one onoto, nd thuned seshen we aretion of sworn in. i think all ofs o rember that as we move frward

on this isue. >> host: mike miller has this inition to the welford conversation we just had. he writes can't do welfare to work like clintonwhenthe and no work to move them to. the economic conditions ae eren a rter l pathe critique here aot of states facing sll high unemployment kingccount of the fact that the jobs aren't always there for not reaching goals that are unatletaab at this point in the econic recvery makes e isbeplauded forhe it . think thatmebo who opolitawainon adwho heed one of thrges local government in aera fiverea anterehit unbending eve hen realitynpaters

changes on the ground. richwiic, irgiea upxt. hee talkinabout california, e last segment rai e these all texas say th rblicans take venueof because freeng taxes oraise xess made is t a go wn theredirati c went down because e made tt trillion increase in borrowing without no, >> guer, that's not the ond atng s lowered the debt speificallycited ot what you s they cited a the dbaten

congss and be respsibl rhetic on the reblican s lete we could toy with theefault and it wouldn't e all thdat some people are embracing i bel. i'm willing to risk it all. the actress decided that the very ft serioumembers of would etain default heredirtheoftheth fte edtatorthest time since alexde amilton that is re ckless daous that dete let me jus l yos somebo who wasn thealovernment byrd for 4 years in your home ste irn thestate of vipesened orginia out seven irgini there we ars we raised taxes,re were years w werexes. youae found simply d't eflect realit raisetxes our ecnmy ofn recoved were abe to y fo servis ndeti and wn the revenue went to a

certain t werwe to lower tes theal level, wehave national responsibilities. it's not quite the ae as te state o local reality, will poinouto you atnder bill clnn, we had higer tax e veus 35 econom rfoan the well, e economhad teno the best years in the post-wor war two era. weaidn the debt.llionobs, and d we have for budget surpluses arow, and i think your prevous t fothe wall street journal," hatn orrct? "theall strt nal" if back and 192 wrging its hads overhis ecse i perwa sgoad the urus geneted reo sron. they wereringing thehands about hat would the to the bond market and u.s. and e invest in their

pofolios the next s it's carried out under repbcan economs twitter om viewer th rghts by not s >> gh quon isn't about spending. arearedcount there are th mstt we mustkee.atn is aercentage growth is a little over under obamthan it had been before. however, as a percentage of gdp, spending is higher because of the economic reality and because of the commitments made you cited for example the defense commitments. we haveh two wars and paid foax s ofo we have aenefit, a i buenly paid r inhe prescription drug benefit medicare partbso thos a

done in the buye a t of those and they turned a cord surplus into a record deficit. as a, we can't rewrite history here. we have to aknowledpolicy decisions made that had consequences. and if we are going to balance budgt or at leastpay dn that significt ways we g o be a balance tbensomr to has to revenue sources and spending cuts >> host: thanks forreading. you are on right now. >> caller: good morning, c-span. i have e question everybody focuses on the debt that the fedel government has and the deficiti has to read why don't weocus more on the deficit. it would be a more direc correlation to jobs if you lower the trade deficit i think we would create more job and also if we could have the revenue

side of wher we get out riffs. excuse me, a lttleer we could havtariffs not negate so of themey going out of the country throughout becase they wouldn of the freor to odyingt with the tax and the amrp wou e produc or noty ve sthe econbe rade and i see it a an i'm sory these frra answer. uest: the earlier point was why are we focusing more on the trade deficit rther than iplinghe .s.

exports. the u.s. econo nikeome competitor economies very consumer spending drive overwhelmingly that is the case of the economy. you look at economies like china port driven and expot based. and so i think it is a wise policy for the president to say let's set a goalofour rts to try to ipatro and thestaet verseasre to r thomye econ to come with that. so, i think that is a rthwhile gond sething we shouldo withr specttre agreements, not al tde agreements are the same. think the unid states has gotten a lot more sophisticated at negotiating a free trade agreements to our advantage to create a level playing fields to insist before we get into a free

trade regime th we are addressing laws and non-tariff baiers in terms of legitimate access to the mrk's in those countries before we just willy-nilly sign off on a free trade agreement that there is one party but not so much less. i think those days are over. we work on theresiden deserves a l of credit for actually delayi at o point the free trade agreement to make sure that there was going to be open access to the market for the u.s. goods an services especially the automotive sector. i think we did a really good job of rustling no will to the table and succeing on behalf of the jericho. >> whileare all american jobs and trad let's show you the latest daa from obama not the administration the reduction ampaign one of the supporti them just came on

i ' udetas at he'ne d' thi he's changed when he closed hi plan i lost myhealth care and life family lothei health care, an short time afer that, my wfe ecbe il i don't know how long she ws sick and she knew we couldn't afford the insurane, and tn one day she becme ill a cunty hospal at the ck fr eumodage 4. there was nothing ey couldond sn 22 days. i nottmitt omney realizes what he's done to he icoernd.rermore i o no jihad priority actions is

responsible for this a. >> host: mitt romney of s,long plants for the first united states process the companies. tom friedman writes about this morning and i want to read to you he says. averages over part to. they've mismatched today bet how big u.s. ceos look at the worland how nymeri politicians and parents lokat the rld come and it may be prevenng us fro taking our education challenges as seriously as we must. for many outsourcing is a four-letter wordecause it involves them leading year and going there but for any ceos, outsourcing is vernd today's seamlessly connected world there is no out and know in ny moe. er oygoo, be nd best >> gst: ll, you kow, look

nk there ar some ths abt capital and i tnk the obama igmpais right to try to hiighe catol? itwan't some nole go to make americans stronger and to build amrican companies. it was to maxize profit. it was to squeeze profit out the entities in which tey invested an enormous return. had tsell off es of the actories. that s the nature of that kind of eqitycp alnterisend th's how they made of living. and it made mitt romney very wealthy man. but let's not kid ourselves that the purpose wa noble. that s in the recidivi vie of bank capital now that mitt mney has national political ambitions but it doesn't rt with reality and with of the revenue into these. that's capitalism and allows you to do it.

withad shod ys there is a humost to that, and don't come back and tell us now that you are a presidential candidate you know how to create jobs. that is not what you're doing. h we e outof time to read your in session through august. howill you be spending t time? >> gst: my district, and i will probably take we got to see my folks that have some health issues back in oton. ost: thanks r being her >> gst: my pleasure.

>> and in washington to the president obama ponder terrorism adviser john brennan spoke of the foreign relations council.

he talked about the administof fi and yemend he didn't rule out thepoibity of greater u.s. involvement in serious's civil wa. he took uesons for justover 20 minutes. i was going to the queti back to yem ess inheworld. oe it's also one ofthe mot insecurereasof thworld. and it wll be increasingly insecure because as the isss of wer and lso the climate change. it doesn't mention anything that we are doing out the lakeaut the system to direct that and i wondf you could comment on whats a sinificant isse in that poor country. >> it is part of our ecomic development program with yemen to lk at ways it can become

mo available. as you pointed ot, tables are eing pleted in yem rapidly. you have a population that is growing exponentially. it's one of those in the world and some, about 7,000 feet or so, and as you mentioned, god is one ofhe most water consuming ononvaf hthe worlto get . ere are a nu o thingand we have talked o the yemenis gcr thswell.building these plane communities may be along the coast that have a better opportunity to get vantage of whether it is available in certain parts of the country. theation of young men as concentrated overwhelmingly from the densely populated areas and from a handful of cities. so, you know, water development ongeon pot are going to to addrl

term requirements is absolutely essentials. one of the things we would like to be to work with of the world bank so that we can in fact have some projects that are quick to address the infrastructure deficiencies that exist within yemen heir existing water system is suboptimal in terms of mking re there's not gointo be a waste ofhe water that is available. so i think there'sreater efficiency that can be put into the system taking advantage of the war at is their. sai arabia has silarypes of issues, but the population is not as concentrated in these urn ceers without the avlability of te wter. i don't sethe sotion to the water but to address the problem has e ltifaceted. something that is toe develod in the communities and omre, so we move away from the ban centers but also o the combition of what tpesf rate more water even that exists in the table that is not

available right now. >> right here >> ls stopher i'm a fellow at the university for national security law. in late may and early june i was yemein during field research on al qaeda's relationship with the indigenous structures. lamb also a signatory to the atlantic council letter to president obama. i think your assessment of the regime was correct. i have seen a lot of progress on the ground, and i think the administration should be commended for it especially to the national dialogue. i also think that there are significant improvements in the situation in the south, certainly it is much better now than it was when i was over there a month and a half ago. but i have some concerns about imentati on the indigenous case is particularly with respect to the nexus between security on the one hand, and development on the river. it's pretty clear to me from the tribal leaders i interviewed

from 14 of the 21 provinces that economic aspirations and the primary driver recruiting in the country. it's also pretty car to me that some of these regions are so rote an so desperate that it's hard for the government let alone usaid and the security appatus to get out to some of these places. heldman of the credible implement azar in terms of development and in terms of security. how do we do this diligence and who is doing this diligence going forward? thank you. >> the point is we have a lot of challenges ahead in terms of addressing the multiple needs of the people in different partsf e cotry many of whichae mote an many of which are distance when we move from the government and many of which under the politics and retionships. you're absolutely right. one of the things in the complaints of the former government is appointhi own people from the north to reside

and to be in thegovrnment positions in the south. i think the president is trying to do is he's a therner from the area, so he knows the people in that area and so there is ing e toto hav be a periodof ime whenyo are going to haveto develop the confidence and trust and individuals of the mechanisms are in place of that as money come as assistance slows down it is going to slow down to the right places. it has been rampant for years and years and years in yen d so, he istrying to address th. he was elected at the end of february. we are talking about an amazingly short period of time so there have been complaints in the south that as a result of the forces sing out you don't have t plicemen coming in and the regeneration of the communities and shop seven't been repaired whatev that is difficult to do even the united states. you get katrina and how long it took for that. in a place ike yen that is to lunch because the networks are not there, the instruments of

interaction th local communities are the ones the were developed have been interrupted significantly as a result of what they have done. the of retek in that area. we need to make sure what is put in at the top with its united statesoers o flows through the people of the mechanisms that we are into its cnfidence to derive thefits from that. thisinto te a while those of that why we are really unting on the president in this to your interim period of time to do as much as he can. two years from now we are still going toe b fang enormous hurdles to the yemen is onof the most unfortunate backward parts of h wrl. it's beautiful. flyouy to eme andee th community the same as te were 500,000 years ago except for the pickup truck and a satellite. but trying to have a countrywi em where you can actully coect the gvernment to the people in a sustained way is ally tough.

>> somne in the middle here. if i may just ask to try to kep your questions shot because e dot have a lot of ime to respect human rights first. i very much appreciated putting hat gotten t most attention to ts oader cntext. it's very helful. but, the rea i think e program gets so much atten is that the force tends to get d would like to untand a little bit moreabout the amework in which we are operating. this ionof he concerns americans have about tat program. you w whou've described we aretryssising toin drivingou aqp and we have a

finding our granda and the rule will. are werounding that in a concept of being po an internalonflict n yemen ad atthe le basisor the use of force? >> let's use by th u.s. governnt and anywhere. would draw the distinction between what you saidn wt the reality is. first of all, terms of the basis for the uof lhal e,or ttization for the use infghanistan provided the basis fe u.s. goment, the u.s. military to take action ainst al qaedause beca it esents a threat t us not jt an afghanistan that ther places andaffiliatedforces. aqap clearly is one of the most has been determined to carr out attacks. so, while we have aided yemen, the gonmt to building th capacio deal with the aqap

insurgency that exists on the ground, we are not involved in working with the yemeni government in threct action, egal action as a part of the inrgency. what i thi it's been made eaishat there are individuals in al qaeda that are determined to ll americans. whether it be in the u.s. homeland or in yemen or other parts of the world. o to great xtent to try to ther by the arers or and weo by us in concert ithne other. when we don't have those opportunities to in fact present these individuals from crrying out those attacks, if our onlyrc isto take legal a in concert with parhurst and of by our partners from assistance in and that gado thing with them that will mitigat hreawe do t because e terrort threatproperty entiti since the inugency under aqap is a interesting organization. inrei ow is an

overusedte. you'll t al qnde core to combination of air of an almost n-aktani. there are some al qaa but mostly they, are there. it almost a foreign body that then is used as the springboard to carry out attacks beyond afghanistan and he ite states it s manly but not so composed of the yemenis if ye a ou havof ote. but a lot oteen and qaedane is ta are not determined only to carry off against americans whrever they may be to read a lot of them are trying gain ground and the actually put up their flags. controllg the territory. you know, they are trying to defe the government. so, we are trying o help the menis support that insurgency and then pushed it back because that is a un o our interest and to the interest as a wholbut where we get involved in the counterterrorism front is to mitigate those

threatsad al qaeda in the pensa have soe very diabolic innovative, creative murds that have gone to great lengths to try to find waysto put iedion rcrafto c out attacks here and do things against the aressy on a daily basis. weot going to sit by an let our fellow americs be killed coming and if the only way that we can prevent this from tking place is to take direct action against them we thdo so three eime gentman here. fthclaimeer of congress a the u.s. government? [laughter] >> i would refer you to the five ers ofgres that made

that remark. i had no idea what it is that they are making reference to and i'm not even going to try to define but it is. i can't address that. >> i wanted to give you the chce to give a report, and on al qaeda ret large prados al qaeda in the arabian peninsu doing over the next six months to mention to disrupted their recording operations. can you give more specifics and then a larger picture? iill cite yemen and talk over a. i ow there's a lot of attention paid to wen there is some tye that may be dropped by that is eth focus d the success of this taken. dily basis there are activities underway by the u.s. government, by the yemeni

government that is uncovering, disrupting, supporting these activities and plans and the defendant operation. part of the fund-raising to a definite -- defining the materials, so there is a continuum thereand regularly we are isrupting things that ar taking place in the cotinuum. what is concerning islamic to the end of the continuum to the aircraft aegular basis we are doing that. so i think in yemen there are two things that are in positive strategic terms. one is that since he has assumed thep esidency, there is a new determination with consistency in terms of what the government is doing on the ounterterrorsm front. our ability to work wit th and the intelligence, security, law enforcement of the tree has

been decreased significantly. second, thanklly, he lto reehe ey ave this numbef tsd wtal bop reare timates of hny ousandnd sl it probably botcause the tlt a ts or gephaere hags v lothby fighatin treutoinkhat ing able to mtehat nonis go ll a tht is wt tar orta theitsfumber opativadthat have been takeofthieinueo maintaistrong prsure bause thiss juca aiomchqaa riav p

and gnic d be b daage that doesn cagepih cthe outdctk eydion 9/11 stllhe at tedopanhtarouhe kinof a, wha degr ofttacaveenpacemb te veresituation thepli oiin treh nnuedhrat.rsthat penena resuentsndfrpose a use theirrowth o lok l qaeda ha

d i o thasoetim i he o l qaeda and the nd oft knost ext ano ad that'sy first foremo we have toworkh partns.noatter hor drones you have up there we are talking to get the base inthe country to be able to take the situations on themselves an be ae ou cncerous tumor of al qaeda. >> we only have a couple of minutes left why don't we take to qstions and you can combine youranswer. this gentleman here. >> who threatens the crital infrastructure? your respoas bad guys i thinabt ste the other guys

criminal enterprise and hackers. there is a collaration amng them to reduce debt thank you. if we can pass the microphone over and you can ask your question and he can answer both. >> i would likeo ecyor attention to nigeria and see is thian existentithreat to the state and how are we working with nigeria? >> those are big questionsto answer in two minutes. >> of the first point in terms of collaboration and thevarus groups one phenon i wod int t is there are a lot of individualswho have been a par of different types of intelligence and security agenciesaroboav alopednd reinedtheirthey were ia

sometimes these individual ill be taller and move on to other test sometimes they set their own types iime ff and sometimes they maintain relationships wit thei previous employers and the government, and so what we are seeing adifferent places and asia there are a number of activities disseminating from ia th sot'hard distinish ether this is congrom asponsor or is it is cming from working on behalf of the state-sponsored for a business this try to advance its commercial interest, what ever. so we are seeing more and more common features and thena g downseam. a omes i f the skills that one the players and e vernnt, and so anybody that is working for the government right now all i encourage you to havlong ad

very proceed career in the u.s.government. i think we have toe mindful that there are relationships there either born ouof the pedigree or how they develop these skills or because different types of orgaizations ha a commoncause. on igeria, it is a very seious concern that we have and the nigerian government house as well. you have the domestic dynamics under way in terms of th north and the south and christi muslims but they have been sort of elements of adomestic phenomenon that now house the dimensions to it and one of the things constitute terrorism, inrnatioltrorism ds aqap has the insurgency against the yemeni government, they could be considered to be reaching a domestic battle against the nigerian government

however there are elements as well as offshoots that d a target intesigt and continued to go terthem so,te next threat. one of the things we have learned and i think the government throughout africa has learned is thate thes ganizationhave te pottial to expand a rid pace ans importantonianthe but if yo can bu iofe th pointing end of this year u cano tihe manifetations of the terrosthreat in the them. but soress sh ofhe ftorshat haveitions contributed to these movements from developing. a iotn qaeda cororati tokvae of some oe problemsinyemn tsame thing ideolally driven

homest tical agenda ut also i is underlining conditions eith because of discriminati are because of the perceived inequities in the system they are able to rcruit paticulrly some of the teenagers in africa that ae being attracted and pulled into these ganizations because, you know content or $20 is something to attract a person to sign on to the terrorist organizaion and and 16-year-olds, they don't know any better so they have to tackle the country as all hat excess because t groups are just tadvte . will say thatpresidenmatba even thoughhs agreed to and authorized the actions we need to take to keep theamerican people say it coinues to drive ho to us the are just a e warble addresss we need tokes

those cndio ad ctrs that are contributing to these terroristorganizatio from being able to exploit the conditions that exist in the country. so whether you're talking about somalia or nigeria, there is a much broader setsises that eds toetackled, a the counies ed to develop the institutions people can have confidence in. so the tradi reform, legal reform, rooting out corrupti, these are all part ofa broad counterterrorism broad security effort that the president has to us pursue. >> john brennan on counterterrorism tank you. [applause]

sponsored legislatiorequing insurance company to cover mental health treatment the same as other mal care. earlier this year, they spoke of the national press club in washington that hubble law is beingemnted.

.. on behalf of our members worldwide team would like to welcome our speers and those of you attending today's event. our head table includes deaths of our speakers as well as rking journalists or club

members. if you hr applausen our dience, please note that membs of the general public are also attding, so it is not necessarily evidence ak of journalistic of t so lter] anto welcome our c-spudience a ourublic radio audie r lenses are also featured on ou member produced pot cast theationa pre avaie on itunes you can also follow the action on twitter. now, it'sime to introduce our ad table guess, and i ask each of you here to stand brieflys your name is announced. from your right, noel , associated press, pam qaeda administrator substance-abuse

cada healtservices administtion ael garland came allisonzgd. carlton communications a speaker committee member who organize today's eves. assistant secretary for plannint of health and human svices. editor, the hill. john mulligan, providence jourl, aracy btoin inphysical ement the gislation a landmark ament the arena of mta hlt ,eaersioncongtularaons. [applause] some ofouce 199 ter be mental h indivial. if t inkinsor t souch inhisffort, who has corid bee haseld

helped so many i so many ways. he is one of patck's best .riends, one o my best friends,, x, tha. ppus [applause] the rea ofs efft i th wat a notet. we are not there y f ions of americans sufferi the ravages of cmicahel addictand mental illne. i remember when i first g involved in this effort in 1996. and remember saying, weave a long, hard road because you're going to run into some very poweul special interest.

in fact, it reminded me, the other day of my first campaign in 1990 for congressn eltiight i got a bouquet of flowersith aarg, may you restn peace. that is the same reaction i had. my pt i called the forest the next morning and expressed -- in fact, i was also confused ove this message. she said, let me check my messages -- my records. she came back andaid, if you ink you areuzzled, how do you thinkhe guy who's a azeri fields to getatonatio on yo nio pn. you have a long hard road ahead. i wanted thank all of you associated with the implementation coalition for holding that long, hard road with us for being there night and day, some o you said,

since the very beginning in 1996. it is about time we treat asiseases the body.same [a no more discriminatio against people with mental illness or addiction. no me higher dedbles, n morenf ited copayments, no more limited treatment stays decided by bureaucrats instead of health care providers. it is about time we have a final rule that end ts discrimination once and for all against people with diseases of the brain. we need to stop this discriminatoryreatment. remember our field hearings back in 2007 when patrick andt i the road to 14 states to drum up grassroots support? how many of y thoseearings?

well, thank you. thank you very mh. wereack. are back. we are back for another round. the bill passedongress, largely as a result your efforts. thpeople at the grass-roots level w called, he mailed, wneetings of their memurge themy and changed b changed min, educated members, and you mayha. you'reoing to doheame thing with respecto the re. the parity bill, as you mentioned, theresa, passedhe cong, was signeinto bypresident. this is 2012. wetill d't heal f le. still dot ha a falule. so, w nd to rekindle a new torch to spark a final rule that ends discrimion ainst people suffering from mental illnes and addiction.as said, f.

with members of the parity implemtationti, a nnedy's husband d i are ghter] laung -- -- are launching t patriot for parity to work. sobody sgested we call i th par rnion tr, but we said w are no rk band. believe me. we are just trying to fight for were the cause and get the ball over the goal line. this is going to be nationwide tour to and sh an mental heah an m pleased to annoueoday, very pleased to announce that the fstfirm hearing w be in mye statof minnesota , july in st. paul at the minnesota revery connection. we ao tehaativele agrd such hearings scheduled prior to july, but they have not yet been finalized. the arrangements have not yet been fined, so it would be premature to make those

announcements. we are going to every corner of this gate- great cntry to mobi graootsnce again, to prove once again that the peoplereore perfulhan the insurance company lobbyists who are wking overtime to kill parity. [applause] franz, 54 miion americans with mental disorders desve nothing less 26 million americans suffering from deadly drug and alcohol addiction deserve nothing less. but patrick and i cannot do it alone. we need you to help us to get the job finished. please, if you are not a member, if you are not active, please join the parity implementation coalition today, attend and participate in our patriots for parity tour. we need you. we need you to se and then thel hlt and

ction treatment equity act. also need to work taylor to keep the treatment equity act in the affordable care law. ad,ut working toghe know in my heart that we can get the job done. thank you ver very, very much. [applause] nos my pleasure to introduce our next saker who truly needs no introduction. you know that is said about course, but this guy charlie needs an injection. i am going to just s this about o nextpeak. president kennedy were still alivend psident uskoo, prolen couragequel to his , there is no question whsoever that his nephew, atrick kennedy, wouldupy a

full chapter of that bk. la please welme ourrofi on courage, patricken kdy. [applause] >> thank-you, catherine's husband. [laughter] my great fend, jim rad. let meust say thibo your kiommentut being courageous. able to doecause i had my fellows help me, and you are chief among some. and i wt to say, have compassion. so, ithere was a profile in compassion td, jim ramstad woulde the recipient of it. [applause]

thank you for welmi us. i notice you'r born in newport ryland. and for john mulligan, i just know that we are going t beat minnesota to the punch we have mike, head of health. and i guarantee you, with th governor's support we are going to make rhode island the first hearing that pam attainshe she comes up and does this. [applause] so, rivalry does not change. i too want to say what an honor it is to have major inspiration for our coury andor me personally here. i also want t t jim m, a good friend and former colleague for also being here. [applause] as was said, on october 3rd

08, president george. bush health parity and addiction uity act. it was named in honor of two senators, both of whom knew the personal toll of mentalss ono wotive t s sigd. regulators he today, advocates, citizens and to that ts set out do, to cement in our statutes the rights o the mentally ill and to banish disincrimhat health care will ever have. another is concern in this room about our role here, gems and my own, that we are either speaking too much for the administration or too much for the advocacy community, but i see both of our roles as champions for people who need help to don't want them to wait

a day longer than they have to to get then needed treatment. led by a ce herieve who is th us aynd a director of sano, we started down the path to parity. thestwo dynamic and terrific leaders have been forceful vocatesorheental health community. their staff and the department of health and humanervices are working to transte the law into stronibleg ns regulations. they henavbe both energetic and emphetic. we thank them for the. already one-third of affected emplve modified tir benefi with the vast majority expanding mental health coverage. we are moving toward a system where insurance compaes can no longer impose higher deductibles , copays, premiums,

for anything turned mental health. a person suffering from depressionr alcoholism or schizophrenia cannot be arbitrarily dismissed from a treatment facility insurers must careful evalu and compare medical and surgical e aone wit mentaloffer and health or substance abuse treatment at the same benefit level as they wouldor medical or surgical. and where mental health is co, also parthe essentialeah befs all americans, and that is what we're going to talk about today. thanks to the effort, as jim said, of many people who are in this room, we have begun to enshrine these rights into law, but as w know, the current rules and regulations are written in what cements, not stone. thre n fot fed, andaw not leen y imemented. it will not be without strengthening regulations in three keyreas, c,

transparen, an accntaby be for insurance companies concerned with their bottom line , unclearndisclosedd unaccountae. too often means aeate by the insurance system. we made great progress, but right now we have interim final rules instead of enduring inalienable rights. as many of you know, these issues of mental health and dependency or pernal for j and i. but they are also persona for e hundred million aricans who suffer from neurological conditions. and their personal to their faly and frids. ese are our fhe and ers thare ours brothe. er aons and with autis gpa with alzheim's. and increasingly and tragically

there are also brave and women in uniform who have returned home never to fd peace. these are soldiers afflicted with traumatic brain injury and men and women whoscaped the tell a ban o the iraqi insurgency only to be disabled by the, in visible wounds of war, anld hostage by the stigma that surrounds thei treatment the signature won't of these wars has made our veterans medical pows. pentagon officials estimate that up to us 3,360,000 iraqi and afghan vetans may have ffered brain injuries, and u.s. armyice ief o staff general p.lenoer chamon f t in the ry hasufom this juries. once told me, and he is here with us today, thank you for your service to our country.

[applause] so pete carroll lee told me, we are losing more soldiers to suicide and high riskehavr that to combat. stagring, but true. if we continue to review these wounds as invisible then how are we er going to prevent their painful andisible manifestations? but adding insul to injy stigma makes many of them feel, if ty experienced trauma all tho d is shake it off. so many don't s compensation to the viejo becausehey're not subject the prite insance market becau thas what brings us here today over half of our returning soldiers, many who are guard and reserve are going to get their treatment for the signature run of zero more

dramatic brain injury and posttraumatic stress through their private employer provided. they're private employer stands up and ensures that they get the treatment that they need that is medically necessary and does not discriminate against them just because their disease occurs in the organ of the brain. that is why we are here today to make mental health parity about trying to save our patriots to are bearing the battle and have come home. it is the least we can do as americans to make sure they're not left behind on the battlefield. [applause] let's be clear. the work we undertake is not merely about health care, veterans' care, science, economics, politics. it's an issue of civil rights.

when a single person is discriminated because of a particular organ in their body that is a civil-rights issue. when we withhold treatment simply because the malady involves the brain rather than the kidneys, hearts, lungs, that is a civil rights issue. almost 50 years ago my uncle, president kennedy said in an earlier civil-rights fight, we are confronted primarily with a moral issue. it is as old as scriptures and as clear as the constitution. the heart of the question is whether we are going to treat everyone else the way we ourselves expect to be treated, whether americans are going to be afforded equal rights and opportunities and whether there will be treated as their fellow americans. if one in four americans experience is a mental disorder in a given year, and only one in three received treatment, we have a problem.

then, to paraphrase my uncle who amongst us as he said, would be content to place -- change places and be content with the councils of patients and the late. who amongst us would accept a diagnosis of parkinson's or alzheimer's and be satisfied .ith an isolatedndragmted who amongst us would stand in the shoes of someo suffering from major depressions and be silent as those symptoms are dismissed as simply psychological. and who amongst us would trade places with one of our american heroes who is suffering in silence and our country today. we cannot afford to let that happen. back in 2010i joined with my great friend in launching one mind for research, an initiative to unify and focus all brain research efforts, one mind pools

public and private resources to bring together researchers across the spectrum of premises, and we deeply believe that with all of us working together we can share breakthroughs through a united mission where we unravel the mysteries of the minds together, not individually. and we are setting our sights high. we aim to a cure it all neurological disorders within ten years and eliminate the discrimination that accompanies them. this is a bold task, and that is why we turn to no other than a four-star general to lead our efforts. [applause] many of these health issues that are not associated with the mines have everything to do with the mind. it is your eating, drinking, stress which leads to diabetes,

cardiovascular disease, and, of course, as mob. for cancer patients diagnosed with depression death rates are 40% higher. so how long are we going to segregate mental-health from overall health? this is the civil-rights issue. as real as 50 years ago when my uncle made a call on civil rights to this country that is separate but equal, inherently unequal. we cannot tolerate separate standards where you go down the hall for your mental health treatment. we want mental health treatment in every health care provider in this country. so that's banish the lingering discrimination of second class citizens. those suffering from these disorders. imagining the health care system where a check out from the neck up is as common as taking your blood pressure, as common as

taking your temperature. imagine all the allies that we could save. every physician recognizes, as pampers office said, that your mental health is just as important to your quality of life than your physical health if not more. when you get to a physician with alcoholism or appendicitis, bipolar disorder or a broken bone you will be cared for the same way with compassion. beyond that, physicians will be trained. what a revelion. th're trned in treatinal first, not just from the neck down. we can correctly identify that a broken bone as a result of a drinking binge in as much as centum as it is a stand-alone health issue. that is where the work goes on. when i look in this room as the rates set roll up our sleeves and get the job done.

chairman nastier today to kick off the new set of parity hearings as he talked about, and we are going to wrap them up in a year from now at the john f. kennedy library to mark the 50th anniversary of president kennedy's signing of the community mental health services act. so, all these hearings to you're going to organize will build said that momentum so that we can look back at the last 50 years, find out what we did wrong, and make sure we corrected be we implement the finalat for rdabity care act and the far we've made these mistakes again and perpetually more misery on america's struggling to recovery. we are wanting to say we deny insurance companies rights to deny us our rights. were going to take that message across the country. key cities. alternately as jim said this is up to you, up to the advocates. frederick douglass, the great

abolitionist said, power concedes nothing without demand. it never has commanded never will. until the mental health community is willing to stand up , be counted, and demand equal treatment and care, they're never going to get to where we ought ultimately want to go. so, like the labor movement, like the civil-rights movement, we are going to create the demand to be able to do the job that they want to do it and are already doing. it is not going to happen without all of you here, and in the words of my uncle bobby who said, every time a person stands up or axed to improve the lot of others they send forth a tiny ripples of hope. coming from a million centers and energy, those ripples can create a current that can knock down the mightiest of suppression and resistance. we can do this, not alone, but we can do it together. i have learned in recovery that half measures avail mean nothing

we need to be in this all the way, and with a committed audience that i see out here today, we are going to be successful in getting the job done. thank you very much. [applause] >> thank you both for speaking here today, and now i know the part that everybody is waiting for is our question and answer, so if i could give both of you to join me appear. questions are not directed to either one of you, so you can decide you want to take the questions. the first one is, the original bill was passed in the 1990's, but the insurance companies use loopholes to avoid parity for mental health coverage. are there safeguards in place to prevent that? >> i think it would be appropriate to hear from our wonderful director of the mental health administration who has been working on just that, and i

know as well, but let me have our champion for this, pam, say a few words about how important it is that we get the message across on mental health par and how key all of you are in helping us so that we saw all these questions that are before us tay. pam, would you be good enough to little bit? talk to us just a let's give a great round of applause. [applause] >> thank you, congressman, both of you, for your advocacy and compassion and commitment on this issue. i'm not going to do well whole speech here. i could do that if we had the time. i just want to say that very clear that libya, as we call it, the law we have been talking about here, it's just a start. it requires equal treatment.

it does not require the best or the most appropriate treatment, and i think what we're talking about here is more than that. will we understand is no law and no regulation is going to be as good as it can be unless the gets the word out that it is there and can be used. so committed to doing that. we have developed a communications plan. we have 11 hours that we have started. working with some of the key, targeted areas that we want to get the word out twe goi to buip on the bandwagon of theatriots to work and see if we can help facilitate getting information out to mostly consumers who may have the health issues and who may be needing treatment for those issues and for providers, frankly, who might be interested in providing that kind of care that don't know how their clients are going to get that paid for.

so, we want to focus some very targeted efforts. we were not given any money to do this. we have tried to identify very few resources to do it, and will try to lead an effort to do that as best we can. munications is an issue, one of the rules we are playing. we are also using this effort to understand that as a law it actually was expanded into the healthare law bill hca, the affordable care act. in fact, that is probably as important, if not more important, then the ps standing alone because there are ways in which reusing all of healthcare reform and trying to make sure that mental-health and substance-abuse treatment and diction recovy is in each one of the efforts that is going on in implementing the affordable care act. so whether it is the quality issues, working on the quality from work, or whether it is the prevention efforts in which we have tried to make sure that

substance abuse and mental health issues are of of or whether it is a essential health benefits which i think sherry will talk about briefly. any one of those cases, we are trying to make sure that mental health and substance abuse is included in that it is parity is about more than just being equal. it is about being appropriate and necessary to move the nation's behavioral health being very essential to health. so given the time and the question that i was asked, i'm going to stop there and just let you know that there is more work this samson is doing about these issues, and we will be very happy to be partners in these field hearings and in other issues as we move on. thank you. [applause] >> what states are doing the best job in implementing mental health parity? >> rhode island. no. well, we aim to be number one because tragically, according to pam's steady per gallon is

number one in the incident rate of mental illness and addiction. perhaps that is also because they're is a lot less stigma and rhode island. .. who our fighting party and that's unfortunate. we're trying to do a better job of education. i think it's important to point out that right before we passed the bill, we had eight major

insurance companies, major health plans nationally supporting the bill. came up to testify, first willing to come on board with way back in the '90s. kaiser permanent they. i don't want to get into which insurance companies helped and which didn't. we need them to understand this is not only the right thing to do to enact party. it's the cost effective thing to do for ever dollar we spend in treatment for people who are suffering from mental disorders or addiction disorders we save $12. we save $12 in health care cost in nothaving to build new jails and prison and social service causes. a friend who is chief of scrity for the navy not being to buy ritalin for their family that a dysfunctional and so forth. we need to it do a better job

educating as well enforcing the new law. have the fears of the insurance company have less end or increased since the bill passed? >> well, at the end of the day, we need to work with the insurance community. at the end of the day they're structuring the benefit plan. we need to be at the table when they structure that benefit plan. i want to invite the insurance companies to join us at these party hearings around the country and develop that working relationship that is getting ted because at the end of the cay we need each other and find a way out of this together. >> i'd like to quickly second that. we need to work in a collaborative way. you can't continue to be us v them or we v they. it needs to be a collaborative effort of cooperation, and we need to find the common ground, which is sorely missing in this

city. [laughter] >> how would you encourage advocates to influence the state recording mental health? >> well,, you know, if you go on the website and you talk to folks, it's important that you get to know your local insurance commissioner in my state. in my state christ koler told me he hears from provides during denials but he doesn't hear from advocates enough. what we're saying to all of you, we can't leave it up to the providessers to fight for us. we can't expect the administration to do it by themselves fitness going to be up to us to stand up for our own and make sure thatting the right thing is done and i want to acknowledge someone who has been helping to do that assistant secretary of health and who has been work to get mental health

incorporated as pam said in the affordable care act. that's sherry. let's hear a round of applause for her [applause] >> i want to speak briefly to that point. is influence states in the selection of the essential health benefits. the way we laid out the law states have a choice of benchmark and large employer plans and so on. one of the things it makes possible for states to include, if they choose the existing mental health mandates in the health benefit packages they choose. for the state that have a strong advocacy influence and have strong mental health -- i think there is a possibility for the states to choose a plan that include those benefits as essential health benefits plan that are cover basically 70

million newly insured people. >> how do you encourage employers to offer mental health benefits? >> we have shown many, many employers many, many insurance companies imper call data. we have so actuarial study to show the cost savings both on a macrolevel and microlevel of treating people. the average untreated alcohol incurs cost that are 100% higher than patrick kennedy or jim who is in recovery and has been in 10 highe. think oftt. the average person ouee wa addicted who is dry drinking 0% higher than the treatedst alcohol or the person suffering fr a mental disorder.

the cost of wall street journal pointed out $40 billion sucked out the gdp last year from depression in the workplace. the -- i can go on and on for cost. we show them whether it's the new england journal ofdicine study, the minnesota study, the california study, just -- i can go on and on. there have been many studies corroborated what i'm saying, that this in the end will save the insurance companies money. and those and eight companies that support party learned it first and learned it well and understand it. >> do you think the anonymous and alcohol anonymous contributed to the stigma against addicts? >> well, i didn't have a choice whether i was going to be anonymous. [laughter] so i gate lot of grief from my fellows in recovery. statement i'm a u.s. citizens.

and one of the things that bill w. is did testified in front of congress and a lot of people in recovery don't know that because it was about saving our fellows and one of the way wet save our fellows is to advoca for party. advocate for enough treatment beds, for reimbursement. that's way i can do one gite twelfth step call is a advocate for a different system that helps millions if we're not politically engaged, then we're leaving this this to someone else. if question can ever tap the those twenty some million people in long-term recovery in th country right now to say they're willinto put their hand up and be a face and voice of recovery, you changed this overnight because that would be a big difference. [applause] >> have you met or talked with people who have been helped by

your legislation? >> yes, i have in minnesota with several dozen people who have been benefit, families who have come to break bread with me and tell 77 their happy experiences. unfortunately there's still more people every day who call my literally every day who are still suffering and can't access treatment. but there are some very, very rewarding and enriching personal experiences that have been related to me directly. >> does the u.s. gernment invest enough in mental health research? auter] >> this is softball. obviously when we don't treat it as a real illness, we don't respond it with the same urgency

that we would if you had cancer, or aids, or some other disease. the first thing we need to do is end stigma. it's wha is keeping us from reachi our full pocial in terms of political advocacy. with when we get that advocacy we need to focus on how we spending our current resources how we're not dwoiding up the effort enrepeating it over and over again we fail to share the science across the brand related disorders as i said earlier, that's the project of onemind for research. at the end of the day, prevention, prevention, prevention is the best answer of all. you don't need to go back to the lab to be able to tell a participant that it's not okay for them to experiment and ug ancohol. it's the longer they don't use or abuse drugs and alcohol the better chance they have to live a life free of addiction

dependent sei. we need to get that across. ho dow you see the mental health party act helping our soldiers for treatment on ptsd? >> first of all, sigma, sigma, stigma, again one of the biggest challenges is there's stigma everywhere. if you're a young soldererhy who is used to be doing whatever it takes toet it done. you don't want to be told where it's stigmatized where it's treat as a moral issue and not at the medical issue. i rered dated the special war fare certainly and the hugh shelton the joint chief of staff said to me, we the best mental health for the green beret of any branch in the military. i said you don't need to tell me. why do they need mental health?

they swim underwaterswaters for two miles. they come out of the beach. they speak five lang wogs. what they do they need mental health for? we don't look at mental health as a safety net, and this is the good part, we look as it as a force multiplier. a force multiplier. so the military figured out that if you help a address someone's preoccupation and issues, you help them make them a better fighter. how about all of americas? who could always be made better through self-improvement, how about looking at mental health instead of taking care of quote, weak people, rather than stronger people. that's a message we need. >> very briefly whenever i think about that question, the point

-- i i think of a has been in minnesota who came back from the second or third tour of duty in iraq and couldn't access treatment. either be it the va or insurance, i don't think he had insurance, and he was found hanging in his basement by an electric cord. he's one of 18 a day of veterans coming back from afghanistan who are taking their own lives. e statistics that have been shared by the military themselves itself, the military statistics show one out of four veterans who is assert two -- serve two or more tours tours is

suffering from ptsd and one in five with chemical addictio we have to deal with treating these people. we have the moral obligation and from all the other perspectives, it only makes good sense to do the right thing. that is to address their treatment of needs. >> do you think there should be limits on soldier's tour of duty? >> first of all, we have so blessed in the country, to have the best and brightest to sign up to serve the nation. they're more courageous than me. when they go overseas and put their life on theline. we owe them a lot more than what we're getting when they come home because they may come home in body many not had many mind we can't allow that. we ned to be there for inhe smallest way just like they were

there for us. we can't do enough for our nation's veterans. [applause] >> some patients with mental illnesses includes eating disorders are having to testify to medical directors to prove they need treatment. what advice to do you have? >> as evidenced by together's gathering none of this is going to happen unless we continue to fight. we newed to be vigilant. let's say in duoyears from now when we get old and done with the affordable care act. we have be vigilant constantly. with need to do is get people to feel comfortable standing up now. they have to keep doing. it that's the way life is. and we need everybody to not only be involved in the beginning, but to stay involved over time.

no person should be testifying to prove that think have an illness if an eating disorder has been diagnosed for a physician. we hopeful that the final rule will em compass eating disorders which is tragically the number one killer of young women in america today. >> one of the barriers to successfully solving the many parity complaints is the lack of final rule. what can we do in the effort to help secure final regulations? >> that's exactly what the party tour is all about. it's about to get people to the grassroots level, citizens, people who care who have families who are affected people

who have a heard for those suffering for mental health and illness and make sure your member of congress and the united states senators, make sure they support final rule and make sure they make their thoughts known, it's not enough to say they'll support you and pat you on the head and send you on the way. we have to make sure -- we have to make sure that their influence themselves at the administrative level. people make the decisions, and this final rule really is in the hands of three cabinet secretaries. secretary geithner, secretary solis and secretary . >> the use of electronic medical records is increasingly connecting providers. do you think stigma is

preventing member tal health providers from participating. >> interestingly we're talking about party today. do you realize that we don't treat health care records for mental health clinics the same way we would as health care records for community health care or hospitals. talk about party, party is pervasive. we need to fight for equal reimbursement for medical records, you bet it's going to make a dlirch in the delivery of care. not unless we invest in it same we -- you are prohibited from getting the reimbursement for medical record technology you would if you had a, quote, physical health issue. that is where party is fighting us every step of the way. >> can you weigh in on drug legalization controversy and do you think legalization would increase drug abuse in ameica?

>> ihink te tugh get the softball. big brother, little brother. i have neveraked, not in my twenty years in public service at the state level state senator or here in congress, never once heard from a talked or chemical health professional or a teacher or a parent for that matter who favors legalization. i think the studies show, which are the so-called entry level drugs, manner -- marijuana is the number one entry level drug. they graduate to hard drugs from marijuana and addiction to marijuana. there are some people still that don't believe marijuana is addictive. believe me, as one went through treatment thirty years ago three out of the eight members in my

group were addicted to nothing but marijuana and the thirty years of being a recovery person in the recovering community, i have met and literally hundreds if not thousand of people whose addiction is marijuana. 0 no, i don't support legalization. i understand the argument. i don't agree with them. more important than me, who is no expert as far as technical aspects are concerned of the issue, i think the put of people who deal with young people every day and that is teachers, chemical health professionals and certainly their parents. [applause] >> we already have a legalized drug that is attitude. i wish we had the same attitudes

about alcohol as we look at smoking. that is legal too. we look it at different way after we change the attitudes about everybody smoking. we have a permissive environment that says it's already to drink hard and especially when you're young. it has lifelong implications in terms of peoples' propensity to become lifelong chicks if they substantiate young. we need to have moral situation here. this is also not only treating a medical issue. we have responsibility if you know you have a problem there's no excuse for you not to try to do something about it. so it's not enough for people to hide behind the medical diagnose that you're an addict you're an alcoholic and you're depress your disease is effecting your family and friends. if you care and love about them,

you have an obligation to get treatment for yourself. the first question anybody ought to do is ask do i have a problem. if i decide i do, what am i going to do to get help? [applause] why has the implementation of the ability -- act been so slow? >> that's a question i have asked of a lot of people. i have gotten -- i've asked probably over hundreds people and got hundreds of answers. i don't know. we have been very, very frustrated. i've been involved in a number of pieces of legislation, many times token republican in a bipartisan bill, which was proud to join in on, for example, the prime bill in 1994, the clinton prime acts called. it had good prevention and treatment initiatives and emphasize that demands side of the equation until we and unless

we put ther sis on the demands side of the equation, we're never going to deal with the supply side. i'll never forget traveling with president clinton to mexico in my first term, and -- second term, his first term. but anyway, we met with president then president then. i'll never forget president clinton had a small dinner about five of us from coping on the delegation about five ministers from mexico, and the two half of the state. i'll never forget president clinton asking the president where are you going deal with the flow of drugs coming through your country to the united states. it's damaging our kids. the president without blinking locked at president clinton and said, with all respect, until you americans deal with the demand side of the problem we're never going to able to deal or

address the supply side. that is so true today. [applause] >> we're almost out of time. before asking the last question, i have a couple of housekeeping matters. i'd like to you remine of you the upcoming lynchen speakers. -- founder of the choab are a foundation. i have will have douglas the commissioner of the internal revenue service. april 11, michael weaner executive director of the major league baseball will discuss collective bargaining. i would like to present them with the traditional mug. and for the last question, we only have a short amount of time, but if years old cow add one thing to the as it is what would it be? >> your involvement so we can come up with all those other

followon things. i want to thank kyle helping us. i want to help richard frank two has been helpful. i want to thank all of you. it's only going to happen when we all together work to see we get the best possible outcome that will be shaped by your involvement with these party hearings across the hearing. thank you all for coming today. [applause] >> i too want to thank you for being here today. it shows your level of concern for the problem and the solution, and enlist the support who have not been active in the coalition, we appreciate the hard work that all of you have done as members of the coalition, as members of the treatment provision, and prevention groups and all of you who have been so helpful. some of you as i said from the beginning in 1996.

to answer the question, what would be the one thing i would to add final rule? thank you. [applause] thank you all for coming today. i'd like to thank the national press club staff incoming the journalism substitute and broadcast center for organizing the event today. there's a reminder you can find more information about the national press club on the website also if you would like to gate copy of the program today. please check out our website at www.press.org thank you for joining us. we are adjourned. [inaudible conversations] [applause] [inaudible conversations].

>> we'll have more speeches from the national press club each day this week at 6:00 p.m. eastern on c-span2. girl scout organizer on 100th anniversary. and friday billy jean king is the tennis champion. they continue the aviation safety tomorrow morning. here with live coverage at 8:30 a.m. the head of the federal aviation administration and representative of the airline industry, pilot union and airport manufacturer. ..

a lot of the criticism of cronkite to come out, so i felt very good about adhered and then kathy cronkite, walter cronkite started at an austin, and cat he couldn't have been more generous, giving interviews and telling me where to find missing piece is that their parents legacy and all that. so when you're a biographer, it's a real plus when you have kids that actually solve the

place of an historian taking on a full life and times of their father. c-span: when you read the notes in the back, you talk about a tom brokaw from your book. was this exclusive to you, this quote? >> guest: yes. c-span: walter was always open for business. he woke up every morning knowing who it was. dan rather broke up every morning trying to decide who he would be that day. as a result, brother didn't have a clue. just go well, tom brokaw and walter cronkite formed a great relationship. when you think of the two tv anchor people in u.s. history, brokaw and cronkite are very synonymous. brokaw knew to make it to the top jockey had to have sharp elbows. it wasn't just a bug killer uncle walt. he was always a rented to admit westerners. he was from missouri and grew up in texas. in fact, he kept his clock on

central time, even when he was in new york city, walter cronkite. rather come a different animal altogether. dan rather is a more investigated i got you kind of character. cronkite was more like tom brokaw. just c-span: he was second most coated in terms of different meanings. why did he talk to you? >> guest: dan rather was very helpful because walter cronkite didn't like him any new cronkite did my can nevertheless and is one who laid down interesting tracks for me. both have stories. cronkite's reason for disdain and brothers to seem for cronkite. it comes back to the base that is really the last of the murrow boys. he was not liked by the crowd. more than that, cronkite actually promoted rather to

takeover in 1981. but within days, cronkite regretted stepping down as cbs anchorman in turning it over to rather because the rather teaching the cold shoulder. there wasn't a very warm way of keeping in mind. cronkite had a show in the 80s called universe that not too many people remember. once i got taken off of primetime, there is a show about science and oceanography. good show, but didn't get ratings. cronkite was grumpy about rather and brother didn't do anything to extend a role the way nbc has first tom brokaw. cronkite became kind of an old and in the way, almost like an faster too many reasons why the relationship never work. but how great admire rather's journalism particularly during the kennedy assassination in dallas.

they were a team. he knew what a good investigative reporter he was, but didn't think it the right personality to become into the public every day like he did. c-span: earlier you said he never grew better. and then i read, in one line you wrote when talking about the gulf war, cronkite turned bitter. there are others. why the difference between mr. brokaw? >> guest: i think tom is a friend of walter cronkite. remember, different generations, both infinitely brokaw, cronkite, relive the to the soldiers of world war ii and troops in general. but tom brokaw knows the social walter cronkite very well. they would go out to be. they went to the kentucky derby wins together. the conch writes, brokaw's and tom's wife, mary modeled how do you survive off the cronkite's

wife, so their closeness was very real and he knew defending walter cronkite. the bitterness of his fairways direct it toward cbs, not just dan rather, but the new regime. he thought he was going to hang around cbs for the 80s and 90s and they didn't have a role for him. but brokaw also does something very interesting. he was always going to be the top dog, walter cronkite. he was very darwinian and that comes across in my research also that the problem with walter cronkite, people see him as the avuncular friendly man, which u.s. to everybody, but there is another side that wanted to be the best. he was obsessed with ratings, greeting the huntley brinkley report.

i've written about presidents, general centcom christ desired to be the best was very pronounced. c-span: you talk to chuck colson. what did you learn from him? >> guest: he was very nice to me before he died in florida. i learned that colson states an unrepentant pro-nixon person. he regrets the nixon tape. he is embarrassed when i read to them transcripts of white house tape about walter cronkite. colson reject it back, but he was the pinnacle of richard nixon and colson was onto this idea that they had to bring down the power victory. they liked cronkite. nixon personally liked walter cronkite socially when he saw him, the recognized cronkite to the surprise some that really spoke the entire state. if you could can't walter

cronkite, you tend to go up and from the nixon white house as the liberal media that became quite a square off between cronkite and the nixon administration and particularly chuck colson. particularly from the tapes on nixon's interest in bringing cronkite down a notch or two. >> host: here's a piece of video from the 1997 took notes with walter cronkite. >> guest: >> in the middle of an explanation, but it was going on from the podium and on the floor was the producer would come in and say go to mike wallace, go to mike wallace the south carolina delegation. well, the carolina delegation didn't have anything to do with that story at the moment. that was a very good story. it didn't go with the flow of what we were doing. so i would say later, later. it was through one of those

communicators setting aside. as a consequence, the poor guys on the floor standing there were some senator governor. they're not going to hold on for a long to think they've got a was a hard story they may have had. i try and keep the flow going and as a consequence i became known as the land talk. >> guest: walter cronkite plate camera sign. we have to put in context he became well known. yes, he was an amazing reporter covering the air war in world war ii and then he became in the nuremberg trials, i write about that. he was in moscow in the early cold war years, but he came eventually to 1950 washington d.c., chairman of the white house and he didn't get a date to go to korea to be a freak nature name as a foreign correspondent. he was shot in the closet with the wto p. camera filming him

doing local news. it was to be less. the a-list people were still on radio and cronkite started breaking through in this new medium of television. but he recognized if he walked here in washington d.c., people wouldn't remember what he said. they would recognize you. they say would love seeing you, you could've been on a game show, the morning show, the nightly news show, the intellectual substance went away. but people recognize as the visual. you're a celebrity, well known. cronkite always recognized the airtime and that goes back to the top dog of tom brokaw. so he was sometimes kind of filibuster to live events. he also learned how to be quiet. if he was cronkite right cast during john lennon, alan shepard or neil armstrong and apollo 11 but the space program, he would

pause. and also, get a theatrical sense. he was suddenly say, golly gee or something no serious person would say. ever much right to be intellectual and he would start talking to what he would not be the hearts and minds of the american people, the average american people are thinking and he kept that great bond with people. even when you run that clip there, brian, i don't tire of seeing him. his voice is very soothing. he made a bit of a self-deprecating vote country and though. he comes off as a very genia bole, likable character. it is very hard to find people that didn't personally like walter cronkite. c-span: let's back this up with dan rather. here's a book unshed clip from his book notes. >> when my contract was up, we talked to my superiors and they asked me, well, if you were to

be one of the two successors of walter cronkite, they asked me to be a double anchor, i said instantly, the vision is the succession to walter cronkite may be dan rather in washington. i was told pretty quickly a tiered you that they had talked to roger about it and he had declined to do that. he just said no, i don't want to do that. he said whether it was true or not, but his belief was he was entitled to the succession and he wanted to do was walter had grown. c-span: what you learn from walter met. >> guest: remember, cronkite was beloved and he also is 64.

back then was retirement age of 65. cronkite decided to go out at the top of this game into the science special things, which could work as personal interests and spend time in the joint ways. but there's a big fight going on. take roger mentor dan rather. cronkite after a lot of thinking sided with picking rather because of the foreign experience. walter cronkite believed in the foreign correspondents. roger mudd had his family and did not go to vietnam. he reject his serving in vietnam as a reporter because he didn't want to be away from his family. he made his name largely doing civil rights, the capital bill and congressional as a washington reporter. as i mentioned, he regretted it later. i write movingly after talking to roger mudd in the book about matt and cronkite at the cronkite up-and-down

relationship because in 1864, bill paley, head honcho at cbs after cronkite said a lackluster performance in san francisco republican convention at the cow palace, pulls cronkite from doing the atlantic city democratic convention and linda johnson and that was called mud trout, 802 kind of compete with huntley brinkley. >> bob trout and roger matt. cronkite was trying to take us thought that, so their relationship had a lot of ups and downs. he was very moving it to very end of their life. but he was working for the history channel indigenously you did, but mastering the interview with walter cronkite and his hearing with walter matt had devised a special system for it and roger was a good interviewer at the end conquering almost tearfully said roger coming you were a and went on to showing

them how much he respected and pearce appealed that relationship. c-span: quick background, bio. born and raised where, which preschool? >> guest: born and raised in st. joseph, missouri, which is outside of kansas city and it was the hub of the pony express. his father was a dentist. he came from a family of dentists. german and dutch ancestry. moved to kansas city. the most interesting thing about his early years from 1916 to 1927 in missouri is cronkite's love of the trolley system in trains. it becomes the hallmark of his life because he's obsessed with transportation a lot. it's one of his many interests. that cronkite was a great reporter, but this curiosity about how things work. he delivered papers, sold liberty magazine. his father served as a dental

surgeon of world war i out of missouri and then the cronkite's move to houston to what is known as the montrose neighborhood. in 1927, texas -- the dust bowl that had and then houston in the port going no banks were closed in houston during the great depression. so what was it a good move by the cronkite's, howling and walter cronkite seniors father to move to houston, but it would be jim crow. they encounter a flood of racism. his father's dental just did not work out. he was at a dental college, has some personal problems with other people and he started drinking heavily, his father. eventually they get a divorce and walter is the only child raised by his mother in houston and his father moved back to missouri. cronkite got a very early interest in journalism in gold.

both that lanier, middle-school. they started having journalism classes. for journalism classes and 30, 31 in high school was unusual. cronkite started competing and he was all about the five w.'s of journalism and walter cronkite believed in us until he died. who, what, when, where, why, basic reporting. he did a great job writing for school newspapers and eventually come alertly due to a girlfriend staying in houston, he enrolled in university of texas at austin, got deeply involved with the school paper, wanted for a while to be an engineer, mineral engineering, hoping he could get rich. although he realized he had no acumen for serious engineering work, so we tricked into journalism because it even got jobs working with the wire

services. the ims and then later the u. p. and he gets to move back to kansas city and really begins journalism career in earnest back in his hometown, kansas city, missouri. but in texas now, all of his papers at utc utc can be claimed as his alma mater, even though he was only two-year and the draft. c-span: frankly, when did he die >> guest: he started doing upu stories right in a few come back to missouri. aup would have to go around. he opened a station in el paso when it was oklahoma for a while. he would just read like ronald reagan. he would just get would have been in the game and then he got to add live doing a little radio. a lot of odd kind of work, but

in over 10, texas, it was kind of new london school fire 1937 cronkite got his first bit of national notoriety over 230 -- over 230 students were blown up in a huge american tragedy and cronkite was on the scene and saw the charred bodies of children and a private pay phone and called in to cbs radio and got his voice heard for the first time. he wrote a letter to united press clippings. he tried other jobs, worked for a band of airlines for a while, because stronach to to being an oppressor review p. and then famously after getting all these clippings and working for united press, goes to new york after world war i begins. he could not -- he was colorblind, so he could not go in the military. he couldn't fly planes. he tried to. he goes to new york, trains to

become a foreign correspondent. nice to have uniform in world war ii and was then put on assignment in europe and embedded as the right way to think of it, embedded with the eighth floor for us, with pilots, bomber pilots that would be to be 24 b-17 missions. and goes all the way it starts working with cbs after the war and stays with cbs all the way up until his death. c-span: earlier when i read that tom brokaw, he's not bitter and then later he said he is bitter. you wrote, cronkite exaggerated his pacifism, emphasized his quaker like aversion toward. later you writing the book, cronkite now hopes to join the army air corps in the united states entered the european work to help the dutch people. those are two different messages. >> guest: no, it isn't because the foreign press bias had no

guns. they weren't allowed to carry a weapon, so cronkite was everywhere openhanded with that uniform, said he could go into enemy territory never carry a weapon the entire time he's in the war. however, he was in an airplane in a bombing mission over germany and suddenly had to take over the gun. cronkite is not somebody who ever glamorizes world war ii hurler works. he downplayed it. he'd often say was a coward. as in the periphery of action, but his love of liberation. cronkite started understanding the dutch people with the hitler totalitarianism is beyond evil in world war ii after all was the good work. but he was never somebody who clamor as war i thought he was going to be an ernie pyle. instantly his best friend of all of his life developed during the period the next annie rooney who they worked together for a long

time in their personalities were complete odd couples. bernie was a stir back and walter was always very humorous and generous with people. they were completely different. >> host: what is your idea to do this book start? >> guest: i'm interested and cronkite since i was a kid. my mom did this at my drawings in 1967. i chirrup the vietnam war and was watching it on television. we are a cronkite family in bowling green, ohio newspaper. there's a picture of me anchoring news six and six grade when i'm singing my favorite person is walter cronkite. it's very interesting. i thought of it in earnest of us that the journalist, david halberstam and a book festival. i had to drive from new orleans to baton rouge. i'd read his book, the powers that be. usually one of my favorite writers of history. nixon and journalism. i like what he he mentioned to

my surprise that the most influential as walter cronkite and i never thought of that. of course edwin amira was considered an radio the best. i realize tv has taken. there's something to that and then i checked with my agent in new york they're doing a big cronkite book and there wasn't and then all of these papers had been donated. he didn't sell them. which is given to the university of texas, the briscoe center. he was a great depression packrat, saved everything. so secret archives. i started saying, you know, i go around, talk to people. kennedy assassination, i remember that. is it they were in dallas. vietnam war, consumed us. the weaver consumers watching walter cronkite telling us about the kennedy assassination.

in the cold war period, he was our eyewitness history. so as an historian would be interesting to look at how people got their information back in that time when the big three, nbc, cbs and abc reigns supreme. keep in mind many areas in america only got one network like only cbs. so people grew up with walter cronkite. the reason he was sustainable ways because people didn't get tired of them. if you got a box office for the hollywood star you pay your ticket, see one movie, swimmer for the actor, actress emma go home and may catch another movie later. cronkite was everyday after work ecm, so you have to be comfortable in his cadence and ability. he had a genius and not irritating people and also he slowed his word count down so you would talk clearly to people and decisively. in the 60s and 70s who never

lost a lustrous insistence of government, ingrid lyndon johnson and everybody in between, there's a lot of chaos, people trusted cronkite as if you were a family member. c-span: most of your interviews in 2011 according to the notes in the back, although he had his latest march the fifth of this year. what was the total amount of time is spent on the book and how are you able to keep this book open until march the fifth? >> guest: i have my ways of harpercollins. it's easier to print a book now than ever before and i kept wanting to add to it. when i get into a book, my curiosity goes and i was curiosity goes and i was trying to get interviews with a lot of people that have busy schedules that are successful with others who had to keep peppering. i talked to everybody that i went after. i never got to diane sawyer, but i was able to talk to again,

barbara walters and ted turner i interviewed inchon client. i grew up in ohio and clan is the gold standard as far as i'm concerned. you can see in the back i put a lot of time talking to people in collecting cronkite stories. the challenge is to keep it down because the internet total everybody had a couple of great cronkite stories and they keep it down. he is a long career. he lived into his 90s and new everybody. i'm writing about presidential elections. he was in 1928 and not sure about the democratic and republican conventions and he defined convention coverage. walter cronkite had so many people to talk to you. i wanted to get all the people. i got adjusted to make a time. he mentioned colson, i mentioned

rené, but others have died since i started interviewing because they are all in the 80s and 90s. but getting to people like jimmy buffet to musician or mickey hart the grateful dead who work or personal friends of cronkite. so i really wanted to get an interview with as many people as i could including family friends, but also adversaries. c-span: what year did he die a quiet >> guest: he died in 2009. c-span: when you begin your book to her, the first review i saw come up with the headline and first paragraph. new biography of cbs stands by walter cronkite, junkets, liberal bias and unconscionable sheeting of the major story. the new biography reveals how much has changed in the news culture. this is not by a conservative. this is a man named coworkers who is as viable sources and rights for "the daily beast." this is from may 21st. unbeknownst to the millions he

turned and religiously to cbs commute is about walter cronkite cut in his opinion to fly to vacation spots around the world are together with a handful of friends, ran from south pacific to haiti, snorkeling, drinking, according to the sweeping the national biography, cronkite covered the news division president was upset about the team did latent conflict of interest, but take no action. what did you think of the headline and the first paragraph? >> guest: when people clearbrook sweeping and masterful, you say thank you, howard kurtz. secondly, he told to some of how the new standards change. keep in mind, he could pretty much do what he wanted. it was also a boys club. it took a while to break the club. the cronkite was in world war ii, it was all a propaganda machine. we're going to win the were

together. cronkite was kind of slow to change to that. he stayed with whatever the boys club was. he was friends at pan am with top executives bear any figured i can deserve a little r&r. it was a mistake. all the points howard kurtz mentioned her in the book and i consider them mistakes. but i'm not writing a hagiography. i think the key line is yet a halo. how many people i might have a halo. when he do a full biography you'll have the high and low moments. proportionally he was judicial and was not mean-spirited to people, so he endures as a great journalism hero. however, some of the new standards back then, you know, cronkite could do what he wanted and it wouldn't cut mustard. a look at john f. kennedy.

could he have done things he did in his personal life. it was blurred a little more. you had a group of people in washington and new york. wasn't this internet era. c-span: and read in this first biography the one who once dominated journalism is more complicated and occasionally more unethical than the legend that surrounds him. >> guest: i wouldn't use the word unethical, but ever tell you walter cronkite was a man of the left. he was from a child on an admirer of franklin roosevelt. i would even call him a henry wallace, george mcgovern progressive democrat. he camouflaged that because, you know, the tv industry is always worried about losing the job and he need a box office from both right and left, so he tried to be center. he viewed on the chill he was given the news on how much mail he got. he liked getting from both the

right and left. it was remarkable as he was able to stay so long as mr. center, mr. object to be. as i read about in the book on the u.s. headed liberal agenda that came through in different ways, not necessarily what i would call headline news, the first 15 minutes. but in but in 1962 and a cbs news went from 15 minutes to 30 minutes, the backend of cbs news started covering civil rights. you know, morally sabertooth 55 on a story about vietnam. you can look at it and see the 60s and 70s revolution -- progressive revolution, society kennedy division was given play on the evening news broadcasts. cronkite was the just the anchor. he was the managing editor. in fact, his greatest gift was duke ellington as an orchestra.

he did all those famous reporters at cbs any know how to manage them all and he always had deep investigators, muscular journalism. i was calm crites forte. however, people say cvs in that. have tilted towards being pro-great society as a say of us. >> host: c-span: the horror of nixon's continuation of the vietnam war, about cronkite to be a left-leaning cbs, which raised the question, how did he get of with such an over-the-top commentary of pro-democratic partnership? i must attach that to charcoal cinema to talk to him about that because colson's regime at the white house went after cbs and cronkite. >> guest: people don't realize the cronkite cbs radio, nightly news for such a ritual. they were cvs nightly news.

cbs radio during vietnam on the report -- the script writing, which people row for cronkite. but the report's cronkite would do were much more left tilting. one of the things colson and others in the nixon administration noticed was that cronkite on the evening news had this very centerfield. if you listen to cronkite in the afternoons radio reports and even linda johnson said, my gosh, if people and send, he is on our side. what johnson is trying to do with medicaid, medicare. he was not a fool. he could never solve that story to the american people. they didn't feel it picking on him.

so he couldn't get traction when they were aiming at cronkite. cronkite started basking in a bid like to lori. he would go to walter historian to give a speech. i'm a defender against the nixon white house than all the reporters would share. one of the great things for cronkite was successful, you never thought of himself as a celebrity. he would work with reporters all the time. he would go to the bar and hang out with print reporters, wire service giant things, so all of the reporters that walter cronkite became almost a saint in the journalism profession. c-span: in 2009, and you read about this in your book. >> she had come back from vietnam and immediately called me and asked to see senator robert kennedy. the two of them not. i was there. and he began by saying senator,

it is got to run for president because he went on to say how unwinnable it was. he said we'd win a village in the daytime and had to give it back at night. he said the vietnamese in the south may not like it, but they like class. so why neo and kennedy said to him, he said while, i'll run for president if you went for senate in new york. and cronkite laughed and said well, i can't because in the first place i don't live in new york. i live in connecticut. and secondly, i'm not a democrat. i'm registered as an independent. and nearly had those feelings about the war. >> host: what would happen if brian williams went to marco rubio and said you have to run for president because this country is such a mess but we found out about it? >> guest: he would survive because of the blogosphere. people go crazy.

he would be fancy novice mode anchor, but a complete and utter partisan figure. the reason that happened was vietnam tour country apart and away afghanistan and iraq almost did but didn't. in 66, 67 liked morley safer and personally thought that was a of a piece he did about marines. but he didn't change where he could win this thing. he thought our troops can do no wrong, that in 68 and february tour of vietnam and was sick and came to believe that the johnson administration and mcnamara had been mine, other reporters had been feeling that way, but there was no quick fix to read. cronkhite cashed in if you like.

they didn't do it on the evening news when he had to be mr. senate. they did a cbs news special report. walter cronkite said it sold reporter says, you know, it's a stalemate and everything went on. but frank mecca was sad was he was so obsessed with getting out of vietnam at all costs that he went and asked robert run against him at that point, linda johnson who was the presumed guy running because he was in vietnam. that tells you how passionate he got against the vietnam war. when dan were friends of walter cronkite. johnson had owned the cbs affiliate and often in all of this and that are frank stanton, cronkite's extensible boss of

cbs was one of the closest friends, so it is seen as the turning moment. seen as a cronkite moment when he announced that point it could have gone either way for him, but he started becoming a hero of liberals. c-span: we have demonstrations and 65, 66, 67. this came on in 68. what proves is that this had a big impact when the war didn't end? >> guest: i don't think he had that big of impact. i think it gave the boost of adrenaline to the new laughter to the antiwar movement, that they had cherry picked dauphin establishmentarian who had been pro-war to make them see the light. it made them see the dives, to stay on the attack. it has been overhyped and lyndon johnson's decision to not seek reelection in march of 68.

johnson had health problems and it made walter cronkite to tell him there were problems in vietnam. but there is the press secretary of lyndon johnson that lbj apparently said at last cronkite, lhasa country on it last middle america. that's not very hard to document and he precisely said that any recognize that i'm starting to really lose the mainstream media. he thought of himself as a cbs guy who do walter long time. he didn't feel like losing character like that. i would call an important in creating the antiwar sentiment they continued, but not some important on johnson's decision to drop out. i do think cronkite turned lyndon johnson. >> host: c-span: the other quote who worked for abc back to cnn.

it's a little long but i'll read it anyway. i myself had a deep reverence for him, for everything he stood for. after lots of chitchat over a couple of stiff whiskeys on the racks i asked him whether anyone today can do what he did back in vietnam after tag. to my abiding disappointment, he gently told me now, he didn't think so because unlike in his time, there are multitudinous voices and channels out there today. just parsable ascendance threadbare. she was disappointed that he couldn't do that today. why do people in the media do those kinds of things in the first place? >> guest: well, first of all, cronkite later great deal for reporting. she was a foreign correspondent in the species. cronkhite was susceptible when he left cbs, they guided foreign correspondents and that was cronkhite's pride that uncovered the world.

cid huge question. and i think she is -- and they're used to be a feeling that a journalist. bob woodward, for example, woodward and bernstein or walter cronkite could do some things, a gesture for the amanda d., to call out for howard k. smith, this notion that we have to confront evil. and when we see it, sometimes you have to lose your objectivity in order to talk about a genocide or a reporter of current journalism can shift public policy. like uncle todd's cabin or rachel carson on the environment. i think there's still a hope. edwin r. burroughs may be long dead, but the shadow of borough is all over on foreign

correspondents. they want to get and never go after the bad guy. postcode lets run out of clay. this is from his program, person-to-person. it wasn't exactly tough journalism. let's watch. >> good evening. the name of the program is person-to-person. what sort of fellow is like to live with? >> should have really answer? well, i think he's the nicest person i've ever lived with. >> the selector is eight months and two days. >> is the wearing make up now? >> he's retired. >> when mr. demille found out we were going to have a baby, he said it was a boy he can play the nsaid moses in 10 commandments. >> easier bank is to play baby moses the 10 commandments. fraser had to sign it and inking

in the south of writing. >> peter vincent dudley. >> hello, peter. how do you like the haircut? >> that is something. c-span: why so many -- and you mentioned dan rather wanted to be the need at morrow. >> guest: he was the boyfriend north carolina, didn't come from much that many lived up in washington state and got his degree at washington state and gone early on brady. by the time mr. paley in europe, the boys started doing life radio brought cast from europe from vienna or london and was quite germanic here just to mention being in a farmhouse in iowa and suddenly you hear not a delay, but any here we are, the fire trucks going, but it is the

beginning of mass communications, putting writing to the living room. edwin r. murrow and many lived the worst are edward r. murrow. he was a good talent. apb could become one of borough's voice can be run top of the heap of radio journalism, so they oust drove for that. he had almost a messianic appeal to reporters, that they were part of a secret tribe is going to to write the world. he reported seeing the bodies of the holocaust. then of course in the 50s, he went after joe mccarthy on his program and became disdained by the and be loved by the left. person-to-person, it's his uncomfortableness but

television. his heyday was in radio. he did to great documentary specials, but by the late 50s and 60s in these kind of shows, he just saw with a cigarette air and it wasn't his form. cronkhite forum west, that even you see him doing celebrity journalism and cronkite was susceptible to that, too. however, once he became the anchorman of cbs come he spent a lot of his time denouncing entertainment as news. >> host: correct to christianity, where she said he gently told me no, he didn't think so. unlike in his time, there's a multitudinous voices, sounded like that's a bad sentence. >> guest: that is what her quote is. there are reporters that want to believe, let's say there's a

genocide in rwanda, but their megaphone will become big enough that they can do a story. look at andersen cooper's coverage of the bp spoke, for example. they go down there and he can change the news by getting people to focus and that's what she meant. but the breakup in 1862 -- 1962, we'll focus on nasa and it's a very important point when marwan after joe mccarthy and the fate deese, steady eddie, walter cronkite, not wanting to make waves that be mr. sadr, focused on military aviation and pro-missiles. the name soviet unions, for america. so he became the voice. john glenn, alan shepard.

so even as vietnam or subarray, how the space program unified americans was very key to what he was able to do. c-span: do quote in cbs news, and the kennedy story generated excellent ratings for the knackered. he wanted to ride on the kennedy coattails. how much of this was a ratings ploy? >> guest: what i document in the book is the first of tv news and how it affects all of our lives. eisenhower wasn't great ratings. he didn't do great ratings. in his famous farewell address, kennedy was telegenic. incidentally, cronkite talked of course before the 52 convention, which john f. kennedy talked.

we have time for now, the kennedy came in and as you know, the number was then passed back and then his press conference. then the whole high ems, cape cod, you know, mystique that came out, and i knew it i figure we haven't mentioned, the crucial figure. he was in kennedys do well. it wasn't just for the nightly news, the cbs had all these other new shows. you could get on eyewitness to history. let's do the kennedys cronkite figure very interested in yachting and sailing from hanging around. the kennedy era brought television into our lives admin mainly people started getting as i'm famously, cronkite does this miraculous job. so history connects cronkhite and ended up living in martha's

vineyard and in many ways is part of that of kate todd. c-span: at last count, barack obama has appeared on 60 minutes 11 times. i don't think anybody else has ever appeared that many times in the ratings are good, so we should say 60 minutes is giving a platform for reading? >> guest: 60 minutes is about ratings. >> host: c-span: would you advise someone watching television? how much is news judgment and how much is ratings driven? >> guest: he did it in his 80s. he thought that this was good because walter cronkite also do great work with the discovery channel later at work with pbs and he liked -- she ended up liking the diversification. he liked cable world, that he was worried about consumers and he thought there should be a

class on how to teach, not just writing journalism, but how do you navigate the new world journalism of the internet cable so you're dealing with factual information. >> guest: you read about said mickelson who is the cbs news bias. he came here in 1994 and talk about a changing moment in the television news business. >> between the two conventions we took a walk of michigan avenue on the north side somewhere. i'm walter said me, i've just been approached by a couple of agents. they want me to sign up for that. what do you think? and my answer to that was a think you better sign up because we're going to watch you for a lot of other engagements and i would rather not negotiate with you directly. i would rather have your agents

negotiate with my agent and will have a much better relationship. now i didn't know he was going to be 2 million, 3 million, 4 million categories. i knew that he was going to become famous. >> host: i think you quote an agent, dan rather said my memory serves me. what impact did the agent have on television? >> guest: was gigantic. >> guest: cronkite did great coverage and 52 and 56, that he now was recognized as one of the most recognizable people in the united states and they started negotiating. walter cronkite's big anchor was when barbara walters became the million dollar a year lady and he was getting paid something

like 600,000 year. but what cronkhite led cbs, he got paid a million just for being on retainer. all through he continued to renegotiate his contract. so he would stay with cbs. now a million today sounds small compared to what small anchor people to. look at what katie couric's contract was. although that may be coming down a little bit, a lot of that was before the best of the way. nevertheless, people get paid hefty salaries. cronkhite was one of the most well paid. although, many with a walters motivation. it was more he got so used to being on tv, he didn't feel complete at the westin on. c-span: what is the story of mike wallace and dan rather? >> guest: mike wallace is a whole another case. mike wallace was the toughest interviewers cbs ever had.

chris wallace was awful good. i mean, it's the style of how he interviewed people. the wallace and cronkite had their differences over the year, but they became close in later years. but if colin the battle of the bathroom at cbs would listen to jazz at cbs. it's a long story, but the bottom line is when rather dead what is known is put on put on the national guard. there was sentiment expressed by mike wallace that rather should just quit and take in the night because edward r. murrow always said in journalism, be ready to clean your desk out in a half an hour. you made one big mistake, you're going to be gone. he kept fighting and seaweed and keeping the sword of the word. other producers got fired in it.

he thought he should take total blame, leave these career people behind the scenes and just did in his new love, and man enough to quit and just take the blame and people would've flipped out. said he confronted rather in a bathroom at cbs and mike wallace -- there was fury in his voice. c-span: you also say in the same era, he remained hateful toward -- still has that. -- till his death. what did you find that surprised you? two or three important things that you learned. >> guest: one i didn't finish, the connection between john glenn and walter cronkite.

douglas edwards was ahead of cbs news and 62 and it is because cronkite did a great job with lines preset orbit to 62 that by april 63 because the anchorman and that connection between tom kite -- cronkite and nasa in general. second, the power of that 15 minute broadcast you couldn't do this back in feature stories. the power that 30 minute newstead. bright co. who went first? >> guest: walter cronkite. hotly brinkley tried to catch up with it, but that changed a lot of things and then it became this culture of the anchor getting the big interview. it used to be white house correspondent. he was livid that cronkite's first news brought past, he got cronkhite a footed and got to do

that they kennedy interview. when he was covering as a correspondent on the time, there became a kind of celebrity status accorded to these journalists. but the thing about cronkite that interest me the most as i knew it, but just how he liked talking to everybody, but his real genius was that even though he lived in new york and operated as social circles, he loved talking to cab drivers and gardeners, the man on the street. he never said no to anybody and in many ways people use to laugh at the sight of him. but that is where his genius was. he'd never lost touch with the average american people. c-span: we only have a couple minutes left. how did you do this? give us insight about how you write a hundred pages in a short time and do other research. some people were work for 12 years. >> guest: i put a lot of material in because i wanted to have a cast of characters for

people and voluminous notes. i'm an academic, so knows are part of my training. >> host: c-span: where do you find time to write? >> guest: i write three classes and i have nine months in austin to work. my three little kids go to school. my wife comes back. i have the big library with all my books for my focus. this is easy because all cronkite's papers are down the road. the hard part is traveling to do research. and you're good people, i've been around the business a while and i'm able to talk to people. i know how to reach people, so i'm able to get interviews quicker and then it's just intense curiosity, great hard work, you know, editorial hall. a recent book i wrote, i was worried that left him a device as i can get repetitive and

long-winded. on this book we try to pare it down. this much longer and i really wanted this to be a kind of vote i could read. when you live to be 90 years old and be a famous walter cronkite, 600 pages is not that much, considering how much all the material i had of cronkite, including letters galore from europe during the entire world were to come the writing about d-day, the bulls, nuremberg trials. it could've been cronkite and world war ii. c-span: last question can isanti a low, we don't have time to talk about him, but i'm told they see top about and end at 100 conversations you had with him. why was he so to the book? >> guest: he had was i mentioned the closest friend, the official friend. executive producer, ran the cbs

evening news a lot. he had great relationships with producer court manning, benjamin weiser, but socko was last in the group was a fierce cronkhite loyalist and was able to not only tell me great stories, but a former scriptwriter, cameraman, with the camera people think when they write to vietnam or what was this like on the bicentennial? he knew all of the inside dirt at cbs and all also be walter well. he even told me that he wasn't sure, he was that year with the kennedy assassination, but the fidgeting of the class is, it made it seem like an actors move almost, that is almost -- so he was a wonderful source for me because he dealt with cronkite is the real guy. i wanted people to know the man, not just the icon in this book. c-span: the name of the book is

just one word, "cronkite." author douglas brinkley, thank you very much. >> guest: thank you, brian. >> for a dvd copy of the program, call 1-877-662-7726. for free transcripts or to give comments about the program, visit us at q&a.org. programs also available as podcasts. >> well, the library of congress has a new program. ..

>> we also thought it was good to look at nonfiction and book