word muckraker in the 1906 speech critical of journalists and military industrial complex delivered by president eisenhower during the final presidential address to the american public in 1961. this is a little under an hour. [applause] >> thank you very much. i have been playing around with words for a long time and i think when i was a kid i wasn't that athletic and i wasn't that smart in various ways but i could always memorize a couple of words so i was familiar with words like apathetic and things like that which for a third-grader was a lot of fun. as i got to be an older person i got really fascinated by doing some tricks with words. one of my favorite exercises was one time when my kids were young they were shipped the "guinness

book of world records" and in those days in order to get in the guinness book you had to -- or push a painted across iowa with your nose. when i'd looked in the guinness book i came upon a word that had the most meaning in english which was set in for. it had 137 meanings. but it was one of the words with the most meanings. the soft underbelly of this book was language and words so i started working on a collection of words and i have now gone through seven or eight collections and in fact there are people in this room who have added to the collection in the last 72 hours. we are now up to almost 3000 words. what was interesting about it was it was not meant to be a celebration of what is a social

ill but it was to show the phenomenal sort of what the english language is. and what really got to me was looking at all the people that collected a list of drunkenness from their time. tom paine benjamin franklin ambrose bierce edmund wilson had all been sort of fascinated by the fact that in history there were all these euphemisms and of course when you are doing a book i had many helper some of whom are in this room tonight. they go back to trotsky and go back to shakespeare and a lot of them are unscrambling euphemisms and shakespeare when falstaff comes into the room and the sun was in his eyes. he is squinting and that was the word for drunk. i have written a number of books

that more than a dozen are books about language and they tend to be -- but that they range from serious books like i have done a baseball dictionary which is in three versions and which is about 10,000 entries which is more than people want to know about baseball but i book on language as rep nation and something -- though i guess the word is recreational linguistics to use as a placing. scrabble games and things like that and recreation. if you're drowning in -- that's an inefficient use of language but beyond that a lot of it is wordplay and one of the reasons i can while 4-year-olds with knock knock jokes is because they are based on wordplay. but this book got me started and again i have done a number of books on language. this one really got me started a

while back and what i thought was an interesting discovery which was the word founding fathers. did not go back to the early days of the republic that in fact was created by a warren harding in the front porch campaign. he used it once in 1918 but it was really his phrase referring to those people who wrote the constitution and created the country and its fundamental set of values. and before that at first i pinched myself or go i just couldn't get over the fact that there was no earlier use and i used all the databases and gods a reference service at the ivory of congress to back me up. can you find earlier examples and first there was sort of a deep breath saying oh my god this guy is. but the idea was it sounded incidentally like some of these

founding fathers of howard university or something but it was never used as a descriptor for the people who framed the constitution and of course framers earlier. it's interesting also it really didn't take off until 1941 when the book was written called founding fathers but it was immediately adopted by both sides of the aisle although some of the early uses when you go back and track when it starts being used in the 20s more and more often and replacing the word framers, is often used as a negative. founding fathers never meant to us have passed the coloreds postal stamps. it was used this sort of giving these people who framed the constitution a collective veto on certain languages. then i got fascinated with harding. harding's misuse of the language was so intense that h.l. mencken created a term called -- which

was a description of how badly harding murdered the language. harding had an interesting ability to create words like love v-8 meaning -- what i'm doing right now to or eight pompously. it was also his word that he picked up a very old word that had no use at all except in chemistry which was normal. it existed before in chemistry for a state of normality that it was during the 1920 from porch campaign which is another term that came out of the harding years that we first heard normalcy and a return to normalcy. and of course easily everybody throughout their hands and the language police went crazy and it was initially initially not a word but it gradually worked its way toward language so afterwards there is a major calamity or setback in the country somebody will say return

to normalcy and people don't bat an eyelash anymore. it's not really a a proper word. aaron mckeon one of our great lexicographer said the other day somebody said something was in a word and she said no you got it wrong. you don't have to be a pedigree to be a dog. the word is nothing more than a unit of communication. so i really started looking at a lot of research and looking into the presidents. the storyline in this is an abc book so some of the stuff is funny and some of it's not so funny. really the nexus of the whole thing is if you look back in the beginnings of this country and the whole concept of language and of what this country was there is a letter that is written between benjamin franklin and noah webster the dictionary maker in which they

talk about acts of resistancresistanc e, acts of rebellion, acts of response to the british and they are using various words to talk about it but they are really american asked to identify who we are as a people. and one of the acts is a public library. franklin has -- and his father come to this country smuggling of bible and tells benjamin at one point that one of the most important things you should use as a printer. this is the idea that when england at that time when his father came over when the franklins came over in england there were two printing presses one in oxford and one in london. franklin was very interested in these acts, these definitions of who we were as a people so when franklin creates a free library

this is seen as an act of resistance and act against the british and a thumbing of the nose against the british. when noah webster goes in and literally crusades for literacy this is his way out not only to sell dictionaries and books that are spelling books and such but also part of these acts against the british. and copyright is another. webster is one of the early people who did that and the early presidents and are all very much aware of this. jefferson probably is the lead in this. jefferson creates words with great, great abandoned. he just loves great words. he loves to sort of talk a -- at 1940, i'm sorry 1820. he writes a letter to john adams and he says our duty as americans is teen neologism he

creates the word. jefferson him is creating all these words and some of them -- he creates the word ottoman. not for the empire but for the footstool. there are 114 words now and the oxford english dictionary which are credited to jefferson as a corner or the introducer and the first one to actually bring them into the mainstream. the list is really sort of fascinating. pedicure is his word. i'm sorry. mona craddock meaning a person who is in a single room. the one that he does the most with and becomes the most egregious with the purest and the language police is the word be little. he creates the word be little and he knows he is creating something that is going to be very disturbing and noah webster

himself just loves the word. in fact he wanted to know webster's teachers at yale who writes noah webster about the word be little and the british hate the word when fowler comes up with modern english usage in 1938 in the first edition. fowler is still attacking the word as sort of a piece of american trash that jefferson did to create to disturb the british. the very early days of language jefferson and adams and washington all were aware that they were creating a new language. one of noaa webster's precepts was the american language can be descriptive rather than respective. it would not be the kings english. would not be dictated by single authority. it would be the language of the trapper and the farmer.

when webster really starts to go with the dictionary he is mustering out and the end of the revolutionary war and he is in a camp in newburgh new york. large groups of people mustering out of service at that point and there is the cockney and groups of irish and there were brogues and american indians and all these other groups. people speaking german and all these people in these fields these fields and he is wandering to the fields in the campfires are burning in webster says, we are going to have to figure out how to make this one language. we have to create our own american language. so right from the beginning he was adept at picking upwards -- at indian words like creek which is the kind of thing that the british were very upset about the idea that you are taking -- reckoned was the first one. john smith introduces the word recommend. he was an algonquin indian which

means he washes his face with his hands which is what the reckoned it. and they would pick upwards like flay live from the dutch and cafeteria and hacienda from the spanish. and these again these were seen as acts of defiance and was very clear right through madison comes up with -- madison the greatest word he came up with was -- which came out of his head and is a name for somebody who was illegally possessing somebody else's property. john adams came up with a bunch. caucus which he gets from an indian term. spec meaning to buy something on speculation. quixotic meaning in a matter of don quixote for. john quincy adams in the alien sedition act he came up with --

he needed a name for what was going on and came up with the word eggroll. that was his so you see in the early presidents, this ability to sort of watch things and write them down and use them. so when george washington in the oxford english dictionary fico in it today and look up the word tin can you'll find that is credited to george washington. bakery and bake were washington's words. washingtwashingt on came up with these words at a very early time when the bakery bakehouse like a smokehouse. it was the distillery and a bakehouse but in washington's diary he came up with bakery. so this was part of our early -- on it and of course the fact that we had webster to write this all down was amazing. webster comes up with his first dictionary in 1807 and there are two words that really bothered the british.

those are congressional and presidential. between 18,071st dictionary and his second dictionary in 1820 webster goes to england and walks the streets of england picking up language and he knows this is the stuff that is not an an in english dictionaries at that time. the samuel johnson had not picked them up. he saw the language of the street as part of what was part of language. so there was this democratic background. as it goes along there are things that for example jefferson creates which are hysterical. he comes up with twisted vacation which sounds like something that george bush would come up with. [laughter] but there are some wonderful things and of course probably on the seedier side and i am relying on the oxford english dictionary to tell you this but

they have popular verb to shag is credited to thomas jefferson and one of his diaries. does not appear in any slang dictionary for another 30 years. again i am using the be-all and end-all for there early nailing down when the word was created. austin powers -- you can tell by the way that i have a lot of smart -- the other challenge was looking at how this progress then you can look at your residence and see who really was clever. clever. who was reportedly clever and who is the smartest. along the way there was president johnson first president johnson was the first one to come up with the phrase and the concept of racial discrimination. the first time discrimination had been used in a distinction between race and religion etc.. as opposed to judging the size

of eggs and being discriminate so by giving it a name, by giving it a name that started to have its own life. the ability of a president to name something and i'm jumping ahead a little bit but in 1934 franklin d. roosevelt was going to give his annual address to congress. it was from day one in this country and the year we give an address to the nation and the congress. roosevelt in 1934 set on set on getting it in the many calls at the state of the union. a lot of these terms which were created by presidents we think are there from day one and in fact they are ones that have been in it later. and again some of them are just wonderful. let me just jump to a couple. zachary taylor created the term first lady. that did not exist in the applied it to dolley madison and the first that anyone had used that term. he referred to as the first lady

of the land. benjamin harrison was keep the ball rolling. jumping around a little bit but woodrow wilson had potomac fever which was something that harry truman loved to quote. politics is adjourned was woodrow wilson. watchful waiting was very closely associated with woodrow wilson. first in his relationship to the dictatorship in mexico where there was a lot of feeling that we should go in and intervene in mexico where there was a fairly active of ackley dictatorship and wilson said no this is watchful waiting. and once the war started world war i that was attributed back to wilson and using the word watchful waiting. for whatever reason watchful waiting is used in the diagnosis of certain illnesses where rather than treat them

immediately you go through period of watching and waiting so that is a more serious one. some of them are -- and mckinley wayne mckinley the spanish-american war starting a mckinley has a telephone in the is the telegraph. he clears out the room and sets up a telegraph and pulls down a map and he says this is my war room. that were did not exist before then. still jumping around its coolidge, calvin coolidge comes down from massachusetts where he has put down a police track in boston and he goes to the convention. there are political buttons out there that says calvin coolidge the law and order candidate. the phrase was rarely used before but it was the first time it was used as a political motto.

again there are various people who i have to list is the best. there are couple of things that are in the book that are not american that came from overseas. israili is a real dark horse which is part of the political language and one that threw me a bit was the first person to use social security was winston churchill. in 1906 in an essay about modern society and what has to be done but he is the one who creates the term social security. there are some people that really do well with it. i think if you had a list of who were the most powerful presidents in terms of language i think you have -- frankly roosevelt has to be way up there. not only the phrases are but if

he -- iffy he's talking about the supreme court insist some of these decisions of the supreme court if you ask me our iffy. next day the lead of the papers was in fact the president created the word today iffy and for five or six years anytime a columnist in the tribune said pardon me if i use the presidents word but it's iffy preposition iffy and the fact that he is use slang. of course lang gets them in trouble. woodrow wilson is a great slang served and they are editorials. he says let's get a move on. he says gal instead of girl and uses almost tin pan alley kind of slang. he was really lambasting the papers for using slang. he would come up with these -- a man's lee fitch depends on is rooted. and the guardians of the

language. he just loved to play around with language. and presidents to get in trouble. i'm not going to mention george bush and his breath but teddy roosevelt does write a letter to the head of the english department at harvard university saying he believed we should not be splitting intended us. eisenhower's second inaugural he gets up and eisenhower's quite articulate and comes up with wonderful phrases. the domino theory and he comes up of force with the military-industrial complex which has come down through the decades but in his second inaugural he said before we can finalize their plans and the word finalized with such a discordant term that there were editorials where people were wringing their hands.

there was a special column for parade magazine. eisenhower from creating this verb out of the word final and they haven't even heard the word prioritize yet but it was this angry sort of reaction that we use used without where that was astonishing. eisenhower did have a very nice way of talking. and created some nice stuff. counterproductive is eisenhower's words rakove the first example was counterproductive which sounds like a military democratic term that somebody would say in a war. this is counterproductive. i am building up to who i think is the king of them all so it's a little bit of a -- lyndon johnson picked up a couple. lyndon johnson and again i'm using every authority i can

find. but lyndon johnson i'm sure he picked this up from -- but pressing the flesh was johnson-ism. i will be down there in a flash and lady bird gets credit for motorcade. didn't exist before she comes up with motorcade and it's picked up by "time" magazine. there is no elise written example that has been used before. richard nixon has some nice ones. depending on your point of view. the silent majority is his and excellent ability is a coinage that either he or his speechwriters when they're going over the records of the watergate they use that term. if something is censored or bleeped its deleted which became its own curse word. another one which was really interesting is when he started talking about winding down the

war. and winding down seemed to be sort of a winding up. it created some real response at that time. george herbert walker bush came up with new world order which was his. he got that from somewhere else that made it his own and popularized it. george bush came under a lot of criticism for a lot of his terms and i took them all at face value. i look them up. the cheap shot -- and he was entirely off-the-wall. but i did find -- which was one of his. it injured the language in 1583 and the word resonate came into the english language in 1531.

one of the words that is always attributed to him is strategy. it was actually a creation of saturday night live. but the one you can really hang on him is mis-underestimate. but there've been several pretty well-known people who write about language on line including one of the top writers in england who said, he said it actually works. to underestimate by the state which he said happens to all of us especially during a building contract or go especially works like normal sea which will gradually become more and more except of old. i guess i have to jump here.

invisible government is his and that secret on between government and he has malefactors of great will and he has got great white fleet which is what he dubs the group that would go around the world. nature of fakers is his. research reading some of these nature writers who are tribute in a phenomenal powers of animals. of the wolves and the hu e. pioneer children out of the woods from starvation and animals from biblical precision. and of course he comes up with this term nature of fakers and crusades against seton thompson who was one of the major fakers. one of my favorites which i

actually -- improve this before he died a lot of this stuff is deeply involved with sapphire. i did a lot of research on some of these terms including mulligan and i will come back to that in the second. but the term that teddy roosevelt which was loose canon not in the nautical sense of the canon on it carriage floating around on the deck of a ship but the loose canon being the erratic, the person out of control, the person who is the loose canon. so with teddy roosevelt you go through the book and the other one which is quite curious was good to the last drop. he is at the maxwell house which is a famous restaurant and hotel in nashville tennessee and they form -- pour him a cup of coffee and he says this is good to the last drop and before you know it they have a company

promoting the coffee and becomes a national brand using teddy roosevelt's slogan. the first and only president to write in advertisement slogan. so i think the next question of course that everyone wants to know is how has our present president obama -- he has yet to really make a mark. he has had a couple of interesting once. shovel-ready is really his. it's hard to find that anywhere. in the first harp he said we have projects that are shovel-ready. snowmaggedon is his. that was a totally spontaneous and monster snowstorm that came through here. he leaves the white house and everything is shut down. he gets to the built in hotel to

give an address and he looks out and he says this is snowmaggedon. the other one that is his too in 2011 he used the term sputnik moment. it came up up in his state of the union saying this country needed a challenge, an outside moment that would regenerate our interest in research and development and in education. the sputnik launch in 1957. it may been to a younger generation to defuse because sputnik is probably not as -- as it is to the older generation but i was pretty clever. most of his slogans were not really caught on. the first summer he was in wishing to and he said, and it's a strange construct but he said in august this is the time when the shinki and becomes more --

and nobody knows what it means. somehow it's applicable. [laughter] so on that low note, i think i'm going to see if you guys have any questions that you want to talk about. yes, sir m.? >> i'm surprised you didn't mention the president's that we popularly think are so eloquent john f. kennedy. where they just good at regular words? >> john f. kennedy had some wonderful phrases and new frontier was his. but they were eloquent in their sensibility and the speeches. it wasn't that they created a term that was everlasting and some of them have interesting -- you would go to new frontier and go to term and.

truman had costs are. he brought that back an old american terms. truman had -- they have all got stories. the favorite truman-ism at one point he was having trouble and he invoke the term trocar. trocar is a metal instrument used to relieve pressure and in the prairies in missouri when a bull or a cow or an animal would be too much clover there would be a huge amount of gas inside the animal and they would insert this trocar. it would create a whistling sound that would cascade along the prairie. and truman said this is what congress needed was a trocar. [laughter] and the buck stops here was

truman's. i'm jumping around a little. which is actually assigned that was an illusion of poker. it actually was a friend of his that bought it from a gift shop where one of the prisoners had carved out a piece of wood on the desk. but again there is eloquence. i didn't address presidential eloquence but i think i was looking more for the phrases than the key words. i think i have got five pages on the new deal. this is franklin d. roosevelt's program and we think of the new deal years and that whole period. roosevelt everyone -- 3 of his aides claim that they invented the term but roosevelt is meeting with moran of mark twain's relatives and he insists

the distant relative that he got it from a yankee of king arthur's court in which the hero -- the characters they yankee the serfs the peasants are subjugated to the rule of king arthur and not doing very well. he stands up and he says you guys need a new deal. that was from there and the other one, i'm working on another book about words by famous writers. if you remember the old laugh and show they would sever the picture mark twain and a connecticut yankee he is also the first one to use socket to me. there are about two -- there are going to execute the hero and he said come on, socket to me so that became the fiber. i have to tell you something from a book that is neither britain but if you read paradise

lost carefully you will find john dellums talks about all hell breaking loose which is a modern-ism. yes, sir? >> either common and also a question. first to comment. a comment. with your introduction of all these new words i don't think english is her number one language any more. we don't speak english. we speak united states. >> that is what h.l. mencken did with his monstrous 3-volume on the american language which he was with criticized for. there was a guy earlier than that when matthews came out with the dictionary of americanisms based on historical principles and he found 50,000 words which were american origin. it was lost in time many of them having to do with names of apples. things like that but were

american in their basis. and one of the things that webster said in 1807 in the first noah webster dictionary, he says in 50 years the predominant form of english will be american-ism and american-ism is jefferson's onward. >> question. did franklin roosevelt fireside chats did he coined that phrase or was that done by a radio commentator who introduced him? >> the guy was harry butcher who was with nbc -- abc -- cbs. harry butcher's the guy who invented and the first one to enunciate it can roosevelt wasn't prepared for it was robert trout who was doing the fireside chat. roosevelt at first was an sure and then he realized it was perfect for what he was doing.

it has always been associated with the fireside chats. again a quick decoration but when i did -- i've done some baseball writing and a baseball dictionary and one of the things i found out was that when roosevelt is starting to write the fireside chats he realizes he is a very well-educated man with a slightly aristocratic sound of his voice. but he wants to really talk to the american people and the feels the fireside chats he is coaching them out of the depression. he starts using these very heavily. he said my -- [inaudible] and i can't get to first base with this legislation. some of the opposite parties are in left field and didn't understand what was going on the country. it was again picked up by eisenhower. eisenhower uses a lot of football metaphors but it's baseball and football and that

sort of becomes a big change of language as the president's take on more popular metaphors for explaining things which in an earlier generation would have explained it more legislative sort of a bureaucratic kind of language where all of a sudden we case just can't get to first base for it was a touchdown or something like that. >> the white house speechwriter and presidential -- [inaudible] >> that's a good question. they have had them all along so there are some people who would argue that some of the best stuff was written by a speechwriter. there's the question as to whether or not eisenhower actually wrote military-industrial complex or was it malcolm moose who was one of his aides? maybe they have homogenized them. maybe that is it.

i think probably the speechwriter passed on when obama said snowmaggedon which was -- of course that he probably popped that out of his head. but again they sort of them down to some degree. president obama last summer ran a list of 20 slogans and they were just all dead fish. together we win but they don't have any resonance. so i think sometimes maybe some of the christmas goes out of it. but it's a good question. but i like bob or ben who we all know who is a good friend in a speechwriter for gerald lord bob or ben was actually a great asset to gerald ford and wrote some really good stuff.

he has come from a him? >> i think it's very interesting what he said where he heard. >> united states. would you tell that? >> i grew up in an ethnic neighborhood in northeastern pennsylvania. we came home from school one day and he said something in italian to his father who had a very difficult time speaking english very broken english and the father said i send you to school to learn english but he said -- you speak united states. the new words have been added and we are speaking a language that we created here. it is created by the presidents and other people who have used the language speechwriters

whatever. >> and the writers themselves. in doing this other book i'm drifting into a book that i haven't even started writing yet. sometimes a writer will come up with something that nobody can understand. one f. scott fitzgerald writes he comes up with the word -- and the critics can't figure out what is the t-shirt. he just sort of made it up meaning it wasn't the kind of shirt that's -- but these words would come to him and often the writers of presidents will create a word on purpose. do it to create a stir and create a moment of interest in what they are doing. when norman mailer creates a word factoid which is the most improper, really something that was not a factor at all. it was a piece of conventional wisdom that was wrong but now it's being used meaning a small fact.

yes, sir? >> i'm sorry i missed your presentation where maybe you address that but what do you think of a new word of the white house to become popular in something that might be forgotten a lot? >> absolutely. that's the whole business of creating words and of course i quoted aaron mckean a lexicographer who said a word is just a single unit of communication and just because you you were not in the dictionary it doesn't mean anything. you don't have to be a pedigree. but there is no reason why you can't just make up a word. i have been looking for years to create a couple of words. i created the word like river paddling a word from demos meaning place in name because there was never a word for those

names for places where people would come from. and it gets into this book where george washington creates michigander and later people say really it's -- michigander sounds like the goose and the gander and i have tried mightily to get that word in the dictionary. i have failed so far but now that it's on c-span -- [inaudible] >> depends on popular use. one of the words that came out of the 80s was the word humongous. there is no reason that word should be named as language but i can remember these two kids were walking down the street in los angeles and one kid says i've got this humongous exam tomorrow that i have not studied. it was so monoport it. another were to fit the word.

it fit the situation. it sounds like the weight of the world is on your shoulder but it spread like wildfire. .. john adams is created with the word chickadee, meaning bird. you can imagine he came up with that himself. he heard it from a gartner or somebody in the street.

but he's the first time ever to write it down and say what it is, the word chickadee, which again, meaning a word made to sound like what it is. so smile is the word for smile. try to say it without smiling. i mean, were getting on the greek and latin stands. the words got to have it. it can't just be something created to be funny. it's got to sit in the situation. >> my question might be similar. you give finalized and prioritize that i wish i knew the answer to why came first or if we all picked up on that afterwards. i sat there for a good 10

minutes and that's not a word. but to your point, what do we adopt and pick up on and has to become part part of our vernacular? >> what was the word you just said? [inaudible] >> you can't really say it's not a word because all it is is unification. even though got you angry and want to throw pies at the person that said that, the fact is you do if they meant and as a unit of communication that were. it might be useful as a word that makes other people in the room -- >> agnelli said she was understood. do you have thoughts on trends like that? finalized and prioritize. how many things adapted other ways to make the theme and ending mean?

>> the word rhapsodized for this beautiful singer. that works. take the rhapsody and rhapsodized. final to finalize is not a major transgression. i did some language commentary and there is a language police out there. if you ever say -- coming through dogs and lit torches. so there are groups out there who want to keep it straight. i talk to people who write dictionaries --

[inaudible] -- over the cliff. it changes. there are a lot of examples of words that were once another way an apron was also an afghan. but it migrated and became a napkin. so and a brand, a napkin. i don't have the paperwork on this, or would not migrated, saying put the end back. so language is organic. but if somebody like myself inmates a living writing about all this does is wonderful. one of the most recent words that went into that drunk to

comment 200 -- no, 986 words. they all have to be verified. but my favorite recent ones with feng shui, really describing a party in manhattan. the interior designer amount of a party with the furniture in his brain we are and he was three sheets from the win. [inaudible] >> everybody how will send his son whiles and throws themselves on the floor regardless. but it was meant to be regardless of what you say. the language in this country is a daily plug to the site.

so the trillion english teachers or 2 million schoolteachers tomorrow say regardless which you say, hopefully i'm wrong, but if all of's people say irregardless come at, gone over the transom from barbarism to part of the way we talk. [inaudible] were down to about five minutes. >> stylebook now accepts hopefully. if you're a journalist -- [inaudible] >> the fowler was the original one had to the task. was first brought up in "the new yorker" people of the first places where we skewered, had been using hopefully before that in the very sensed they were against and there's other people in merriam-webster who attend massive studies of the distinction between implied and inferred and there is none.

the modern language association site. yes, ma'am. >> in the book come you talk only about association -- [inaudible] >> i do. i have asserted subcategory that teflon president ronald reagan. i have the words that come after them, hoover bill and have her eyes. president herbert hoover was in charge of the feeding of europe and the foodstuffs for the world. the hoover eyes need to be careful, not wasted, not throw food away. that's a positive turn back. , but yeah i do that because

that's part of their legacy. >> are the reasons it nicely harder for president obama to notably nila chase analyst for the founding father? can he talk about how you research the book? >> it's probably a little bit harder, but if you just look at the language created by the internet and in the last 20 years, it probably isn't. it may happen by chance. when lincoln creates a really interesting words, one of the words he first uses he's talking about secession. he said the secessionist sugarcoating the impact on this country. the printer of the united states comes to lincoln and says we cannot put this in the official record. lincoln said i can't imagine any american not knowing. again, going back to william

safire's influence on his, one of the first uses of cool, not in the sensor temperature, but the sense of being callous coming he said that was cool. i was a behavioral thing. so again, obama could come up with a new meaning of cool. one word and you give. how i did this quiz i did a lot of reading and i did a lot of use of huge proprietary databases at the library on price. nineteenth century databases for you can find the original document in which 1807, when jefferson raised to danbury baptists and comes up with this race and the separation of church and state, which is not in the dictation. first articulated in this letter

to danbury baptists preach everything. a lot of it was just working at terminals but these monster, not google kind of thing, but these proprietary databases for the encapsulated every word and phrase. and it's been fascinating. the mckinley thing came on both margaret leech in the day of mckinley. i read that book years ago. and he comes up with a war room, doubtlessly you recall moment. i think were down to about one question. mole again, an extra shot and get the first ones is a mole again, meaning you get to take it as a do over. it existed before him, but only when eisenhower starts playing

golf and "new york times" has to create explanation. a classic example of the pieces sort of low slang, poltergeist sign because pros don't. here's eisenhower playing with arnold palmer. [inaudible] >> is incomplete. i think it's like murphy's law. got to take an extra shot. thank you very much, everybody. [applause] >> out the strain, author author of "words from the white house." for more information, visit tree into books.com. >> were at the national press club with celia wexler, author of "out of the news: former journalists discuss a profession in crisis." you are a former journalist.

why? >> y am a former journalist? because they could not be the mother i wanted to have a small child into the journalism i wanted to do. and then i found a really wonderful career as a public-interest lobbyists. but i always was very emotional and attach to journalism in this book gave me a chance to connect with people come in many of whom left journalism at the top of their game with some of the biggest media outlines of the country and i was able to explore with them their feelings about the profession and this is really media criticism with a human face. so these are wonderful stories because the lives of journalists are very exciting. and rich. in their reason for leaving the profession and sometimes they've even combat or sometimes they've even start their own nonprofit investigative journalism organization as chuck lewis did. sometimes they leave a david

simon and become the author of the wired. so these are people who have had rich and varied stories don't end up leaving with the idea that journalism is not dead. the future of journalism is a little uncertain, but the need for journalism continues. >> your profile 11 journalists, former journalist in this book. what is different now in the contemporary landscape in journalism and media then when you were a journalist? >> the biggest difference is we are 24/7 so that right now, journalists don't have much time at all to go deep. they're never what is a lot of time to go deep in exploring the thoughtful, but now it's all about ricci needs.

that's a big difference. there's not a lot of opportunity for journalists to learn and grow and become more proficient and more knowledgeable. and i think that's the difference now, too. >> was there something you heard from all 11 journalists have resonated with you about why they left the profession? >> most if not all basically said i wanted to do more with us to do less. >> would you ever come back to journalism? if so, what would you cover? >> i'm not sure. as of writing this book. it's more likely he would do another book. >> if you're a former journalist are interested in the profession, celia wexler is the author of "out of the news: former journalists discuss a profession in crisis." thanks so much. >> thank you.