>> my greatest hope is that america is ready to embrace us and to allow us to be fully integrated with him as their brothers and the sisters, that we so much what to see. and that 11 million can be just like my daughter and my wife and my family and everybody who is protected by the loss of this land that would bring them out of the shadows into the light of day. that's my greatest hope. i really feel we're going to do it. my fear is, 5000 latinos turn 18 every year today. 500,000 latinos turned 18 issue. over the next 20 years it's going to go up to almost 900,000 a year, and 20 years. that's millions and millions of young latinos. and my fear is are we ready to educate them and prepare them to take the reins? because we are a community that is changing america i want to make sure, my fear is are we

going to equip them with the knowledge and the talent to guide our nation into the next century. .. where do you stand on gay marriage? where do you stand on immigration reform? what are you going to do about

equal education opportunity for minorities. my greatest hope is those questions become a relevant. >> my greatest hope and fear lie in the next generation. i guess that shouldn't be surprising the fact that i'm a professor. but i have the students in my classes and are full of energy. they're optimistic, ready to take charge and tell them you are too in fact take charge. either way, the dreamers i have among the group are so incredible. it's their obvious when the status that makes them so political. it spills over. in any case, the students i have, latino, black and white are looking that reads very differently. so that makes me up domestic. this year i have this they're going to forget how they got here, why they got here.

the civil rights circle that brought them to this place. that's my problem to make sure they don't forget. >> interbreeding must? be that of your short one. two classic works came out in the 1940s. one called north of mexico. these have been reprinted, so they are accessible. the great book kramer and another boat titled in defense of my peep of came out in 1940 and what it is is a collection of affidavit by uniformed latino soldiers fighting in world war ii and affidavits have to do with the fact they're not allowed to go into cafés, restaurants, hotels and so far it and that's an amazing

collection of affidavits. >> those two titles on our time. >> north of mexico and the intents of my people. >> is very nicely done. >> last word. >> my hope is that the climate of fear created in arizona and terrible repressive legislation have taught america to never do this again and at least immigration reform. my greatest fears that will not happen. >> to show your love and your appreciation for every member of the panel today at the lands and their courage and their character. i know you can do a little better than not.

[cheers and applause] what a wonderful conversation. the man also think c-span for covering mass. [cheers and applause] and i want to thank you for coming out to be a part of this conversation. this is one of two conversations beyond the numbers. the other panel. it's been my honor to be the moderator and i pray not the last. keep the peace as always. [applause] >> posttransplant and i look at latino america. mercker would be an immigration legislation is a good start but

that shortcomings need to be addressed. we need to bring about dates is warranted. if you missed any of this event on latino america, will show it this sunday at 10:30 a.m. eastern also on c-span. taking a look at some of further weekend programming ,

>> more now on the state of latino america. tavis smiley prevents this next discussion at chicago state university, clicking on immigration, jobs, education, housing how politics and health care. univision host antonio fernandos moderated this. it's just under three hours. [applause] >> thank you. [applause] well, thank you so much for joining us this afternoon and thank you, tab us and thank you to the university for hosting us today. as everyone knows at this point, the hispanic population in the

united states has become not only an important economic component, but increasingly never more important part of our political landscape. the object of today is really to have a conversation to hear out what is a distinguished panel that will meet in just a moment. different points of view go deep into some of these issues that sometimes get a b. not the deepest coverage possible in the soundbites we hear on television or the radio and perhaps it's not ketchikan or, get some answers are at the very least begin a debate where we can maybe get some progress in this society, which increasingly feels divided and they think there's a lot of different forces dividing us. information, communication, these kinds of get-togethers allow us to overcome what are perhaps some confusion or misunderstanding or in cases

misinformation. so just very quickly, what we are going to do is start out, i'll ask a question and let everyone essentially talk about that one question and then we'll open it up and have a conversation. the cameras right here and you aren't here either, but we want everyone to be participating as well. want to hear your response whenever you it's appropriate. for some it's a framework run what we do today. as americans, were constantly thinking about tomorrow. i want to challenge us today to think about the next 100 years. as an outcome of the united states of america is now going through transition. not just in demography, but our position in the world. the question becomes how do we prepare ourselves as a country to be a leading nation are the leading nation of the next 100 years.

to answer that question if we can answer it at all, we really have to start with what is the country look like today? what do we have to do to prepare for tomorrow? what are the charges other countries will deliver to us or how will they challenge us? i believe -- many people believe as well that american latinos are not just part of the other, that because of the demography, we need to be the answer appeared when he defined solution of course that the rest of society. we need to move beyond what has been a little bit of a ghetto existence for latinas in this country to now much more of a mainstream presence. we will touch upon everyone favorite topic of immigration. there's so many other topics that are important to not just latino community, that the american community in general.

will be very broad and if there's topics which you feel the need to cover, please chime in and was have a real conversation. so let's start out with a little bit of perspective. i'm going to ask someone who has a long, long history in trying to bring up the adventure latinas in this country, i'm curious as to look through your career in the last two or three years, what has been some of the challenges and successes in terms of how latinos are perceived in the united states? >> first of all, i believe the greatest challenge we have faith is related to the inability of society as a whole to understand the meaning of demographic changes.

i think the fact that 40 years ago the nature of migration together with the changes in demographic trends than the situation, namely the fact that he knows that the one growing at the fastest rate has not given us an appropriate environment to understand what this means it has been mentioned before, a degree of poor latinos and this is one of the greatest challenges we face. namely particularly mexicans, latinos in general are some sort of threat to society. a great opportunity, a great asset for the nation. but that is not necessarily been

in the narrative. we are only beginning to come out of narrative. i think it is important to point out that not only latinos, that many people come to understand the significance of latinos in our country beginning to show we need to overcome these negative narratives. one of this past week news was made because a certain congressman from alaska who prefer people out of the country. this is obviously a terribly all-male. >> cavernosa congressman from alaska referring to his memory. >> everybody to give them credit, many republican leaders held him accountable for this statement. what is important to understand as a lot of people continue to

use today that terminology of legal immigrant, to refer to people without a visa in the u.s. when reality be used to determine the form i just described is simply incorrect. associated press made that decision last week for the use of these two terms peer from my point of view and given work in the last 30 years, this is great news that we have to celebrate because from my point of view, it is crucial we do anything we can to take away everything that has been poisoning the environment, poisoning the waters so we can have a conversation about latinos about where them for the country now in the future of the country, not only in turn is what we've done so far, but also embracing the fact we are by far another country.

>> the media language a little bit further. the research to anthony sanchez. obviously, you have a perspective because you're at a different place in your life. what is your sense how latinos are seeing in our society class what is positive and negative of that advantage and if you were to change it, what would you change? >> that's a difficult question to answer. what do chicago state university as an example. i am a latina student here. the common population here is african-american. now a lot of students here have a difficulty emerging but their campus. i am the other hand haven't found that to be a challenge at all. i've been openly embrace.

i've had were so thin. i've had people take me in without a sense of judgment of who i am, what my background is, what language they speak. i believe it all depends on the area, the demographic, population, culture around you. as far as the latino population, i feel like our younger generation is adapting to society. so the culture younger generations have and there's really not much of an area the negative stereotype. >> i would say the city of chicago here at chicago state university and generally feel it we are adapting to mark the cultural norms of our younger generation. so it's allowed more of an

open-minded perspective for my dormouse around us. >> do you think there's a lot of polling data that shows huge similarities and opinions on social issues among americans younger than 30 years of age compared to americans older than 50? do you think that's part of the same dynamic? is at a youth driven openness to change diversity? >> absolutely. let's say young hispanics coming on latinos. i know our family members, parents, relatives or my native country have a. they carry what she would call an old-school mindset and i don't open to social changes we see now, but if you are younger generation has been breaking barriers and that's probably the reason we been more expected another community.

>> hayes as garcia, you just have to little bit before the program started for some 30 years you've seen some very big shifts from the latino power in illinois. her breathy across society. same question. what do you see our image -- how dcr image involving over 30 years and what do you see as some of the great changes and the negative ones? >> it's an exciting time in the country, the point where we are today on the heels of the last presidential election, the community was almost overnight recognized as an important player in the country. and has to be accounted as their project into the future.

what latinos bring us their experience as an identity that includes a multicultural, multiracial experience. it's a tremendous asset for the country. those experiences of our community, feelingly represent the native american people who have lived in america is for millennia, two people who came here as african slaves, other parts of latino america as well as the immigrant experience gives us a lot of connections to the country as they participate in the discussions, debates, political context in the country between political parties about what the future bodes for the country. and our experience, we have stories we share with a larger america about how to work, about

sacrifice, love for family, love for community and communal ways that contribute to how we engage in building community at various local levels, how we connect to other communities like the african american community. and then our children are intermarried into groups that have been here for many, many years but also has been the product of migrations over different periods of time. so i'd like to think we have potential to become bridge builders and help push the country forward in good direction with good values and we have good stories to back it up. i think we can help to make the country and all of us a little bit better well reflect on some

of her paradoxes. as mexican-americans like to boast about how her pottery barn past, but at the same time, we made fun of at times so insecure. we have articulated stereotypes. current contradictions are good things because it helps other people in america and say i used to have that type of the mindset. used to think that way about other people and helps to build big communities. i think to see this as good clue that helps to elevate the debate in a healthy manner as it becomes more diverse. >> i am quite yet. i'm worried about the global changes, economic changes in how we may not be able to rely on

the security previous generations have had the will call for your significant debate about where we move forward economically, what are foreign policy would be, what are military policy in the global view. >> and step two, i know you have an amazing personal story and you have gone, if i may put it this way from the field to the pinnacle of power. we are both from l.a. you are more powerful than any politicians they are by far. you have seen into your own life this tremendous shift. what do you see as positive and negative in the last few years of your experience? >> well, one thing that has always been positive not only of latinos who come here as immigrants from different parts

of latin america is the contribution make it to the economy and that is no different than the past generations who have come from other pairs to get to this nation. we contribute and there's two sides to that. the upside is we make an enormous contribution to we always have. the southwest and mexico before it was the u.s. past generations have done not at unfortunately, the downside is that work has not been at knowledge and respected the way it should've been. any times in past generations of immigrants, where they were forced to come to this country, like the black slaves were, they felt the economic need for there is the irish, italian, chinese,

we all have this great contribution made to this nation as working people and really boosting the creation of a middle class. so my hope is, especially now with this opportunity around immigration reform that in fact we fix our laws in such a way that it really does give recognition to the hard work of millions of men and women to this economy, to this nation and that will in fact boost the economy for everyone to create a stronger middle-class. silly patter down to is the way we've been treated in this country, but first and foremost, we are what everyone else in this country if we work hard, raise their families can have a good education next generation should be better off. >> what is your theory or conclusion of why that's not

widely acknowledged? it is a factor we as a society forget. list full text now the chinese built the transcontinental bareboat. but do you think it's same dynamic or we've collected in a show? or is there something else going on that suppresses the memory or changes the reality? >> i think this country and economic system has tried to make the most out of cheap labor. cheap labor is something we've always tried to create. that was the whole point behind the chinese immigrants being allowed to come here, just to work. so we felt a need for cheap labor and it shouldn't be that way. any working person ought to be in this country and have a good standard of living.

i think unfortunately it's a cheap labor demand that the capitalist system in this country is always looking to have. race comes into it because we all get pitted against each other whether it's back than in the previous generations. those who speak another language is unfortunate part of our history that we get pitted against each other when all anybody wants is a good job for their family to raise kids and have a healthy neighborhood and healthy future. >> i grew up in connecticut in the 70s and still italian-americans were treated as second-class to defend it in 80 years or so since immigration. >> texas i hear is almost a

country on itself. [laughter] >> i'm learning more and more about excess and i'm fascinated and it does have a culture of pa how do you see the evolution or devolution of our image, in texas in particular? >> the alamo when i was growing up, mexican were the bad guys and davy crockett was the good guy. during the whole evolution in the state, we've had to deal with no mexicans, no doubt signs. i can only assume online days because that's the day the pool was clean so that was mexican day. so we have progressed -- >> chuck grassley -- >> 60s.

not too long ago. we have to fight for the struggles and file suits. we've had the chicano civil rights movement that open source we are in a threshold, which is a majority minority state or we elect our first latino governor. we have a great dynamic manner. the first latino and latina president has been born and is going to school. he or she will be elected just like rock obama and, and john f. kennedy and other immigrant residents have done over the past. >> you have a really great sort of mixture of cuban and mexican.

you're a double immigrant i guess to be the way, born in the u.s. tidies our image? are your mistake is most of the panel seems to be that it's going to get there rather than worse? >> yes. i grew up in miami. i'm half cuban, half mexican. there's some innate differences and the work i'm able to do. there's so much diversity and we should never be put in one box. not only different countries, but they change because they adopted a state. trying to understand this difference is. i am not a mistake in the years

have been involved in politics and how much more hispanics have become involved, how many more runs for office. most the stuff i do is behind the scenes. more hispanics running campaigns impacts others candidate and elected officials talked to the community. >> here the first hispanic outreach director for the republican national committee? >> now, george w. bush when he was chairman of the republican party in the 70s started the bank assembly, and i'm a total history doric, later became a separate entity with finance reform. the party has always recognized the need. is always ways we can do things better, but the biggest take away has letters always plans

and strategies like what we need to do to reach out to hispanic voters, there's now a mess to attitude. as a fan congress bipartisan effort to get things done not only immigration, but engagement to make incher hispanics across the board. >> one of the things that usually gets left out is the economic component. we found each other through various ventures. i remember one where entrepreneurs that is a terrible challenge if you are latino.

has it changed clinics do you see a shift in our image? positive, negative? >> first of all, onto thank you for inviting me for putting this conversation on because it's incredibly important for us to expand the narrative, to talk about the issues that are just immigration and to expand the discussion against the nuances but his latino community. said to your question, i am admittedly a businessperson, so i see things to economics, finance and investment. the narrative i see not getting enough attention is the economic impact, the economic contribution of this community.

the u.s. latino market in terms of purchasing power would rank as the 11th largest economy in the world. $1.2 trillion purchasing power just behind france, italy, that many people. here and now a favorite economic power. that's a discussion we don't elevate enough. we don't elevate economic empowerment of the community. right here right now to have 90% of u.s. latinos that are americans listen. my question is what will they be in terms of their impact on the economic system? when i saw the election, was it necessary to political power. it's an economic monster that exists here.

not just as consumers, the producers, folks contributing by being part of an economic system. said to your specific question, i'm not as optimistic because we haven't necessarily realized the full benefit of the economic power we have. i think that's a shame. you talk to any major corporation but they don't have the resources within the decision-makers to make that a reality. i don't believe we've necessarily have the elevation of this conversation and terminally and externally.

>> statistics about business cremation among latinos and contributions to the economy are quite amazing and positive, yet we are often depicted in the media not as an arbiter's. i don't think i've ever seen a television character that is the latino businessperson. why do you think that is? ignorance on the part of the hollywood elite? >> is too simple to say it's the ignorance of the folks making tv shows, but i do think that plays into it. when antonio asked me to be involved, wilner flagships nation, which broadcast the network here in the united states.

if all power broadcaster owned by latinos. we don't own the platforms by which we can influence the image of latina spirit so that plays into it. the other thing and i'll be the person to say this is its shame on us in terms of our community. i don't think we necessarily push the issue saying hey contino every latina who lives here is not an undocumented are not necessarily a democrat? was fortunate enough to spend time at the hispanic chamber. there's 44,000 latino businesses with a million dollars more revenue. has that ever been to pick it, talked about, discussed internally and externally.

shame on the outside world for wanting to put us in this little blog. for multifaceted and they want to put us in. folks who dominate the media, the narrative of the latino doesn't fit as nicely when you talk about latino or latino businessperson with a venture capitalist for the entrepreneur they should be getting funded. i don't think it's necessarily the narrative we hear. >> i'm wondering if you had a similar experience better than a venture capitalist ever congratulate you on your english? >> yes, i did have quite a bit of that. unfortunately, when you come in contact than and look like someone who could be in the boardroom, they say your company is based in mexico?

based in uruguay, you say now, i live in l.a. i think that is shocking for them to realize in their own backyard is this incredibly vibrant economic force that whether they like it or not, they're going to be impacted by it. >> aracely panameno, as the ghetto back from a crisis of the past six years, seven years, we no latinas have been, along with the african-american community disproportionately impacted for a variety of reasons. from your perspective, it said it that is a two thirds loss of household wealth over the last five years. what is your theory? whited at latinas and other minorities disproportionately?

>> thank you for having me in this conversation. i concur with my co-panelists that it was overdue and we are multifaceted and we have done a part of the america that perhaps we ourselves know about, but the rest of america is going to listen to from here on out. you're talking about the foreclosure crisis and loss of housing unwell. 60 some of our wealth was lost over the last five years because they are equity home rich, but cash poor because we believe in what we call the millions. i'm generalizing -- >> how would you translate that phrase? >> me for generational wealth.

all of us around this table. many americans live for the train of owning a home, improving the quality of life for their family, making sure their children have a better future than around. that is the true males look for. nobody wants to live in the back neighborhood. nobody aspires to be in a bad school district were violent ridden community. we aspire to better quality of life for us and family. so why did we lose so much? the history of our country his property and ownership and unfortunately for the calder way back, those that could vote at the starting of the country are white, property owners, those

were the only people that had the right to vote. homeownership has been a political piece of our history. approximate 30 years ago i level of homeownership in the united states was maybe 45%. what is being practiced in something called redlining, where financial institutions, mortgage lenders maps will not lend there because we consider that to be a higher risk investment. >> was there in a quantitative evidence to support the high risk? >> and started here in chicago as a matter of fact and the woman that started it here in chicago something called the home mortgage disclosure act,

which passed in the mid-70s, where we began to actually ask mortgage originators to report if they met certain criteria to report that one day and they do there were other pieces of legislation passed in the mid-70s as well. the credit opportunity, fair housing act and fair housing has been used against community of color in the past and we've been working toward changing hobbits are but after redlining, we got to the point for administrations have declared homeownership for a goal in policy goal our nation. it all to be aspired to. every family aspires to own a home. some mortgage lenders began to

engage in completely the opposite to reverse redlining. it is redlining the credit, reverse redlining with the saturation of products in a community under bad terms in the beginning to fail. that extract equity and income from a community in a certain point has failed in the cold. >> you say that was the strategy to achieve? >> to achieve quarterly profits, short-term earnings versus long-term sustainability of the peak when the housing market began to collapse, you begin to see financial institutions due to liquidity problems.

so many of them lost track over 300 financial institutions crashed over time because books were full of products. my friend on the other end of this panel could also talk about what happened on wall street in terms of creating mortgage-backed security backed by mortgages and those at the bottom trenches of mortgage-backed securities that took us to our needs as an economy. not only our country, but also worldwide. >> it seems like underline the strategy is an assumption customers start ignorant burgess informed. >> in 2004, i was at an industry conference in an industry research was talking to lenders

in the audience in the same, almost verbatim. he said tvi dance, latinos and african-americans are consumers. they will not negotiate terms of mortgages for any financial products. all they care about is love. after jesus christ, mortgage broker is the most important person in their life. half the african-american community masco to the church. you must make sure they bring music, food and booze. >> was an effective strategy? >> for the short-term at once. at the peak of the housing bubble, latinos achieve 50% of

homeownership. around july 2006, things fell precipitously, very, very quickly. preprepared negative motivation products and decreasing the amount is actually increasing the debt the homeowner had been terms are changing so fast that the center for responsible lending is labeled as explosive arm because they are changing so fast that a family with a median income in the united states, supporting if you had a change in the interest rate of the mortgage that would increase your payment and average of $250 to $500, you are not going to see an increase in, that level

so you are unsustainable for home finances. >> maria elena, let me ask you because obviously been a major labor leader and very passionate, i've heard you speak so many times about the dignity of work and the importance of paying a fair wage, we know they mean and come at latinas is over although her. is there a single reason for that? the oversampling an earlier by the immigrants? is that some lack of opportunity? and education issue, all of the above? >> it is all of the above. without a doubt, certainly the mix of immigrant workers in our community is calm and especially the growth of undocumented has led to have lower paid jobs.

there is a study done by ucla in three cities that had a large concentration of immigrants in the workforce and found that an average of 56 million, new york, chicago, l.a., $56 million a week in which theft. which theft in less than the minimum wage, not paying overtime, not doing that a lot requires you to do. regardless of whether they are documented. start money 65% lived in the copresident for others. so this mix certainly leads to low wages.

i think that is why the labor movement is so engaged right now with a number of different ways of workers organizing, immigrant workers organizing themselves. we've grown to 200 workers honors, whether laborers, for construction work, domestic workers, taxicabs, you name it. these are the nontraditional labor force is that why worker centers were developed because of that because they don't even get what the law requires. so being a cheap labor force, but what happens in the field. i grew up in the fields and orchards and fields until until i was 15 years old. this pressure on job availability, we get those low-paying jobs and that's why i believe in the labor vote went

because there has to be a way of for working people to collectively organize just as he witnessed the chamber of business is, we need a collective way sonatas for the most vibrant country right now is in the immigrant worker community, whether it's a hotel housekeeper, a carwash worker, you name it, there has to be a way to pushing back and has to be a much more forward way of working people getting what they deserve. >> as you know, the labor movement has been fairly or on fairly singled out as one of the culprits in 2007 of killing immigration reform. just repeating what has been said, that basically you want to keep foreign workers out to

protect wages of american workers and that led to the collapse of the immigration reform movement. now you're saying who correctly that you're embracing immigration. where's the labor movement and immigration? >> the labor movement, whether documented or needed or in a knot is working people should get the best wages they can for the hard work they do appeared in 2007, part of the reform proposal at that point was a very strong guestworker program that didn't respect wage standards we need to keep up in this country. after we are proud is the nation of a strong middle class. that is a very big part in a bad part of the bill. also was in a strong path to citizenship for honest about the pieces involved. in this debate, and the sound of

immigration reform, we worked hard over the last several years to adopt an alternative to the guestworker program. but the afl-cio nationally and u.s. chamber of commerce have agreed on this will allow workers to come in the future. a future flow of people being able to fill economic needs for them, being able to work in this country, that distinguishes demonically guestworker models of the past program another guestworker programs. you're not tying talking down to one employer, so that will not ease the threat of cutting you off, sending it back. second coming of the rate for legalization if you want to stay in this country. if you want to return, that is okay, but you'll not be under the intimidation will be

deported if you raise your voice and not paid but he should be paid. these needs will be met by a data dre needs will be met by a data driven bureau and objectively analyzed economy this as their shortages here, shortages by the artist in this industry, so employers and business give it a name, so workers have the ability to comment without risking their lives and have the legal process that allows them to come. as unemployment goes way up, you cut that off because obviously there is no need. so that future in terms of men and women from all over the world would be a much more object basis. we the labor movement want to protect immigrants as much as we do nativeborn. nobody should be exploited them for us poverty.

>> stephanie, i'll get to you because i'm interested and what business wants as well. how far away are you from graduation? >> i veered left. the mac are starting to think about your post school, this university career plans. how do you see the situation? abby started to look around and say opportunities here, here and here? or there are no opportune these -- how do you see a? >> i'm a huge advocate for higher education, slight intentions of going to graduate school. as far as the career, it scares me. i don't know where economies are where it's going to be when i'm done with school. who's going to give me a job? it's a question that stays on my

mind. it's a matter of connections who can get you there. >> are your concerns based on being latina or they shared by fellow students -- >> in general. as a latina, and a sons and i don't want to acknowledge that i'm in hispanic women entering the workforce. i shall perhaps some minorities in general might have a disadvantage. something new that god on our applications but at the same time they play -- after the junta put that into words. >> you feel perhaps -- maybe it's too early to even think about, but do you think when you

resume riots to monster.com or whatever, do you think that is going to be a part of the decision-making of the employer? >> i feel there is potential that can be a factor. i would like to hope it's not. i can offer more than what my name is on paper. there's a possibility someone out there is going to look into that. >> not that she represent the whole business world, but certainly by many companies across different industries. so you have probably a much broader sense of what is going on in the economy. what do you need? what are your needs to the labor movement, immigration reform, laws that will change homes and so forth? >> onto almost comment -- ennio

because real estate is a part of our portfolio. let me say this by saying oliver companies are union companies. which it was sophisticated real estate construction. very, very labor intensive industries that need sophistication. first and foremost what do we need? qualified employees. would have folks who do the work, safely, whether it's a pilot for a company we have for someone who will help re-create the pipeline infrastructure throughout the state of california, which by the way, we need. it's incredibly lacking. first and foremost we need qualified employees and that speaks to a broader ratio of how best to educate the folks that are here, whether documented or

not. you're a 50 million latinos that are here. their impact is going to happen whether we like it orimpact is n whether we like it or not and how best to position them. as a businessperson we are constantly looking for qualified folks. as a latina business owner, is an common to us to continue to support other minority owned businesses. we are not the only ones in a certain industry. you have to get beyond a certain conversation of our youth and qualify to be here? we exist in this very interesting paradox. i do believe that is invisible invisible economic giant. we don't talk about it and no one else talks about it. on the other hand, we are at the bottom end when it comes to the

economic inequality. only one in six latinos of stock. bonds or mutual funds. overall, 50% of whites do. when you talk about retirement -- every day, 10,000 bp boomers retire. i don't want to bring up the immigration debate, but to me it's an economic issue. it's about jobs, being competitive in having folks that pay into it. you have this issue 20 years ago were all of a sudden the population has to support 10,000 people every day. the 1.1 million latinos turning

18 abbott think that's a good place to start, so the issue becomes, how they make them better qualified, the sophisticated enough to engage in the economic system to the best they can. how do we get stephanie and covert to engage in this economic system? >> how do we do with? >> there is no easy answer because you're not talking about how to do with the credit card burkett allowed or buy a house. ..

i grew in silicon valley. l.a. teens are not filling the job of what i think is the next generation, which are the software developers; right? which are the gaming developer. which is ironic when you realize that latino son social media, broadband. i think it's something like 30% more latinos use smartphone; right. than the average white household. we enimage in this -- engage in this new media, this new technology. i have yet to see in my limited experience the massive, i think,

flood gate opening of latino in science and technology. being back by venture capital. creating the next move. i don't see it happening. i attribute it in part to the educational inequality i see across the country. i'm concerned. >> i know you don't have direct responsibility for education. obviously it's a major issue in illinois, the major issue across the country. what can the government do to really dramatically change that paradigm? i'll give you one extremely alarming staingt i know very well. i live in los angeles. 80%, roughly, of the student of the public education system are latinos. at this point, there are several stats that are in competition with each other. roughly speaking fewer than half of students that enter our public schools graduate. meaning that if you just look to the 100-year window where

literally becoming a more ignorant nation. if we allow this to happen. what can government do about it? >> i think government, at all levels, at the local level and state capital, and at the federal level need to recognize this reality. the l.a. dropout rate isn't very different from chicago's dropout rate or new york or larger cities. >> right. >> and this is a catastrophe in the making if we don't address it square on. we have to really be honest with ourself and a country. and states have to really reflect on whether or not they they are going to gather the political will adequately fund and invest in education. we're talking about the security of the country to be able to be

productive. to be able to engage in -- trade with other countries. to prepare the work force that is emerging to be key to be able to support retiree. people who are retiring today. those retiring in the next ten years, in the next twenty years. we need to have a labor force that is educate. one of the biggest shortcomings is not only graduating more students in these large urban areas but also the small number of students that are not enrolled in programs, in educational programs that have science, mathematic, technology, engineering types of courses in them. because many of the jobs that the economy is producing will require specialized training. growth area in the economy, like health care, the health care industry will require people who have technological training and

ability to provide services to monitor for the well being of the country and the students we're guarding from -- graduating from our school are not able to engage in the work force orb the economic challenges we're facing now and will continue to act -- address in the near future and even more accelerated pace while we're having to compete with other countries and other academy who are growing at the faster rate than we are. it behold us to be honest about it and courageous enough to really get at how much we have to invest in public education and then what kind of innovations need to happen within the education systems of the different places throughout the country. >> let me ask, panameno.

part of the process by which he balances the budget by hacking $2 million from education. essentially i great expression i have never heard before. eating your seed corn. you killing off the future. how can a state like texas, which has so much going for it. at the same time when you look at the social indicators. i don't mean to peg you as mr. texas. it's a big part of our country and population. do those kinds of cuts and approaching the balancing the budget regardless of the political parties. how does it impact your future as a state or future as a business person going forward? >> well, it creates -- texas might be an economic miracle in having one the lowest unemployment rate in the country. texas has the lowest unemployment rate in the country. which is a majority of latino

area in texas. we cut fund forking the first time. when latino became the first majority. coincidence? i don't think so. and analysis you used about seating your own seeds. it's really true. unless we educate the latino, we're not going to be able to close down the dropout factory. we're not going to be able to educate the students that will be able tow move forward and become the new future and take the position. we need to invest in our youth and population centers that are growing especially latino demographic. it means that in texas, that experiment we're doing is a pound wise -- a penny wise and pound foolish. in term how we divide up our economic base. there's a push back against the governor, we're seeing. and this time looks like adding more funds in the education and

say we need to invest in the future. which is the children. 986,000 new youth in texas in the last decade. 931,000 were latino. that's a demographic change. >> what he said, reminds me of our conversation in which i was a part of the year 2000. anyone with maria -- some of you may know -- [inaudible] deputy chief of staff in the clinton administration pointed to a fact that left me cold. because she said in 1960, california was among the top five statessed in in the nation in term of investment. in the year 2000, california was in the top -- in the bottom five. when it comes to investment in student. a big difference is back in 1960

the vast majority of students in the california education system were white folks. in the year 2000, it was latinos. not only do these issuings happen to be frankly far greater than issues that effect latino. it's about the country. when we say that latinos are the largest minority, and the fastest, you know, in growth demographically speaking, we really aren't talking about just latino. we are talking about the future of the country. i really think that part of the problem we have as a rising, you know, community. as a rising giant, among, you know, the -- [inaudible] a sense of it, is that there is a lot of public policy in our country that are absolutely out of sync. they don't connect with one

another. sometimes we want to pretend we can easily fix them. for example, we hear some of the policy makers in washington debatingen immigration policy. saying we want one that ensures we're going 0 to bring the best and bright totes u.s. when the truth is, we have a lot of bright people in the u.s. already. if we are able to put -- [inaudible] if we are able to overcome certain ideology that suggests like government should have nothing to do. . >> let me push back a little bit. >> absolutely. >> because so you have made, essentially, an argument that under a republican administration, when latinos became the main group of students funders cut. however, in california, as you know, it's basically a monopoly run by the democrat. what is the dynamic , by the way, as you know well, we have

senior leadership, latino leadership throughout the state. what would explain the same dynamic while -- . >> putting your finger in something that we often do not talk about. what we're talking about, really, is not something we can attribute to one political party or the other. this is both political party. it's sad for me to see that in california, if you were to point out, frankly a overwhelm majority -- we see some of the very trends, you know, -- . >> and -- . >> we need to be honest and recognize the issue of latino need to be tackled head on. regardless of what political party. >> i piggyback. in 2000 i sponsored the in-state tuition bill. to provide any student that graduated from a texas high school. today there's 18,000 of them in colleges and universities in texas. when they graduate, even though

they would become a engineer or high-tech person. they became they're not legal. they have a college degree but they haven't been able to get the job that would allow them to become productive citizen. immigration reform ties in to it. i -- [inaudible] all the mom and pop grocery stores and open that. it provides employment to a lot of people. we need to release that energy by passing immigration reform and having that educate work force for immigrants and native-born latino that can transform america. >> i want to go -- i want to ask you two different questions. they are connected to this. >> i want to tie in whole subject of education in the prospect for young people whether it is young latino or young people of color or, as a colleague at the end of the

panel here, getting ready to graduate and wondering whether or not her name is going to matter when she applies for a -- wondering whether or not there's a job out there for her. also the issue we're talking about, pulling back in term of the support for education. there's less money available in term of scholarship dollars, but i have to point out that over the last thirty years, we have made significant gains, oz gains in terms of high school graduation rates and the number of latino students and straight in to colleges and universities. the point i want to make is related to financial services. at the time when we are actually pulling back the support for education at all levels, those who have -- to actually go forward and seek higher education have to actually find ways by which they have to finance those. that will be through student

loans. and so i worry about those students graduating today and going forward without any assistance with heavy debt loads. as a matter of fact, as we speak today, the federal reserve of new york just recently released data that says that 11% of students are already delink wait. in other words late when the student loan payment because the economy is so bad. that is right now. what about to the future? as we're pulling more back away from supporting students and supporting the future of our nation? >> yeah. i just read also that student loans now in term of outstanding amounts are bigger than considered. >> they are. >> let me ask you, we kind of established here that our problem with education and republican or democrat, because it's happening in both states. and i don't mean to bring you back to last year -- [laughter]

>>let go back to last year. >> what happened last year? [laughter] >> it is a blur. not necessarily the nominee, but many of the candidates who are running for the republican nomination, had, as one of the center piece proposal the abolishment of the department of education. the ryan budget was u just passed in the house essentially would impact student loans and, it's my understanding, also lower federal support for education. is that a republican point of view? is that that politician's point of view? and not that necessarily speaking for the republican party, but as a republican with a voice and power, because you have that voice. what do you see as this? >> i think what you're touching about is, like, republicans in general feel that right now the government is too large. we have, you know, trms and trillions of dollars in debt.

we talk about a lot of communities, we have to -- as we mentioned, the big part of our community is youth. almost a third of what makes the country are under 18 years old. every election cycle a million youth under 18. they are the ones that have to deal with the debt. the there there will -- trillions and trillions of debt. what republicans feel we have to cut, we have to -- the government can't do everything. there are things it has to do. we have to realize. there's a lot of different point of views. it's a i did diverse. it's very large. one of the things that attracting the republican party is that there's a place for almost every point view on the center. there's so much diversity. >> there seems to be a consensus governor perry, that the moment you cannot remember which part of the government he was going to get rid of. i think he remembered the department of education.

[laughter] >> absolutely. [laughter] >> so that steamed to be at -- seemed to be for that period of time, quote, unquote, consensus from my reading not being challenged within the party. how do you square that with a free market party that understands, obviously, that business has to be run by people with certain level of education. that google founders where at stanford or whenever they are. education is a key component of success in this country. is there some tension there? >> i think education is one of the big part of within the republican party seeing a lot of it. in some states that are seeing great reform. i'm originally from florida. governor bush did great things as a state level. and a a lot of times they look at state as a kind of experiment lab to create real great reform on how to move forward. unfortunately the government failed a lot of things, like, they moved really slowly.

we know what the dysfunction in washington. and sometimes states, because they do a lot better at passing reform and getting things done. nothing is perfect. i feel a lot of republicans feel some of the solutions should be handled at the state level where you can get real reform. >> and stefanie, i don't want to ask you two personal question, when you graduate, will you be facing what many students face? which is a big debt load you center to to figure out what to do with? >> no. >> good. >> i try to be smart. so, no, i've never had any student loans. i had scholarships. i've been lucky enough to have the support of my family to financially support me and pay for my due wigs. >> how about your cohort, people in your class or people in the university? in general. do you feel that there is that debt load something people are talking about?

>> in a sense. a lot of students, you know, will be facing the debt of student loan. i can say about chicago state university, i'm pretty familiar with programs that they have established, you know,let say going back to immigration, the undocumented students latino resource center. we raised the money for our scholarship. meaning the dollars can go to undocumented students. there's that support. we have an educational system fund. our student do community service hours to pay out the tuition. you have presidential ambassador program. you have gpa, there's a separate financial aid system that will help you. there's ways to help our students. there are sources we can't cover every student on the campus, but there's ways to eliminate that big number that they are going to be facing when they graduate. >> and one of the stats, of

course, which we know is hispanic unemployment is i think three or four points above the national mean. what do you think is the cause of that? is it related in education in part? is it because one theory i have heard. it's way too easy because there's a disproportionate number of latino working construction. construction as an industry collapsed over the last few years. that caused massive unemployment. are there other factors? >> surely that one is. there's no doubt about, because the unemployment in construction hit 0 or 50%. that's a very, very heavy source of jobs for immigrants native born latinos as well as undocumented. that certainly had a lot to do with it. there was a cut in services and there's a lot of latinos in service jobs.

there was some drop in hop talty, which is another source, a very big source of jobs for latinos and for broadly speaking immigrants. i would say it's probably, you know, you know, some that are just heavier losses than others. and then i think there's certainly native born second and third generation of latino in the public sector. public sector is an important source of job for african-americans and latinos. when you have these major massive cuts because of the budgets and both local and state and federal government -- especially local and state governments that certainly has a lot to do with it as well. you look at the source of teachers, any public sector job there is a significant number of latinos in those jobs. so i think the combination of both private and public sector

has lead to the higher unemployment. >> so housing has been a significant component over economy throughout history. and usually in recovery periods it represents approximately 25% of recovery. the housing crash had been so deep and for so long that it is actually holding our economic recovery back. we have not taken care of the housing problem. over 5 million families have lost their homes across the united states. the states that are most significantly impacted is where latinos and african-americans reside because they have received the worse of the mortgage products out there. but this has a very important component to local and state budgets. because at that foreclosure hit a market whether it is foreclosure sales or short sales. there's ab overabundance of

inventory that floods the market and prices plumght. as prices plummet, local jurisdictions are able to collect less money on property tax revenue. it makes up the budget of the locality. that's the jobs in schools, that is books for our children in school, that is police, firefighters, and so it is an interest of our country to actually get the housing segment of our economy in order. there's still over 10 million families across of our country of all colors and background under water or have negative equity. you have 11 million more who are also with less than 20% equity. which means if they have a high interest rate in their mortgage, they are less likely to be able to find someone who refinances them, to put them in a better position since we have low

interest rates right now in the market. the qualification that lenders are subjecting consumers are so stringent. there's lack of access for consumers throughout. so the housing component of our economy needs to be addressed. we have not done enough on it. >> let me go to next. let me ask you, i know you said it on my show, you pointed out the disparity in unemployment among hispanic and the rest of the population. the same question i asked, what is your perception? why is it happening to latinos? there are something systemic? >> if i had all the answers, i think it would be a different panel, but there's so many things, like, right now we are facing a major economic situation. i live -- i'm from miami, i live now in california, and through my job working in the last time

working on a campaign we visited so many places. i lived in las vegas and seen how this is -- how the economy is impacting the community. there's a lot of different things. the housing crisis. the community of the economy and just the job sectors. i think it's again, it's hard to pinpoint one thing. the community is so diverse. one thing they can feel they've been hit the hardest in this economic situation. they want government to provide solutions. they want a better economy. you know, hispanic have a large percentage of small businesses. unfortunately, i think government overregulation has really hurt them, and with the economic downturn knead more difficult for small businesses to exceed right now and it's a tough situation for a lot of the latino community. >> i think there is a systemic aspect to disor portion nate

impact of the latino community. it has to do with our community during better economic times getting jobs, ascending of the economic ladder and then when the recession kicks in, prompted by the wall street bubble that burst we're the first one to lose our jobs. and there is a disproportionate impact on poor communities. you see that in latino communities and african-american communities. the number of rate and home foreclosure that took place added to that are complicating forces that we have so many young people in our community who can even more rarely now aspire to even have jobs after school. or summer jobs if young people don't have knees jobs, they become they destabilizing force

in communities. thus the tremendously violent year and a half that we've experienced in the city of chicago in latino communities and african-american communities. the other sector nationally that was impacted by the recession and a disproportionate manner that produced more poverty than in a long time in a country's history is poor working whites. they were also impacted, and joined the rank of those who have lost jobs and foreclosed upon, those who are struggling in the economy. the bad news is that the recovering, the intiew. and the economy -- improvement in the economy isn't necessarily producing the jobs that were expected or needed to have a quicker and more fuller recovery. >> let me ask halve -- one of the operating theory that economists have as to why, for example, more productive to

certain more people that companies during the recession did the -- in your own company across the economy as you look at the issue. how true is that dynamic? what can we expect looking forward? to a lack of better word, [inaudible] of the economy. something that is real? >> i think that's only a major factor. without a doubt. it's been happening for awhile now. it hasn't just happened overnight. again, growing up in silicon valley you used to see places maintain that made cars in silicon valley. and all of a sudden it became are robots are doing that. and you just had stream line technology, management processes and what have you. so that certainly is an issue.

the comment i want to make isn't so much of how we got here we but how do we avoid it. that's what i care about. the reality is, again, stefanie's cohort. they want to own a home. right. as difficults a it is right now. at some point the economy will have a stablization that will you have this influx of the younger cohofort generation wide which is as huge as the baby boom in term of actual numbers. they want the same things. they want to own a car, they want to own a home. i often say this, i can't tell you if the person i'm -- the person i'm talking to next, stefanie is going to vote or if have a college degree or documented. what i can tell you is tomorrow they want to eat. they want to sleep in a bed and pay their cell phone bill. and so the question i try to pose all the time is how do we,

as community, you know, equip this cohort; right, the tool, the knowledge, the san sophistication; right. to avoid these economic disasters above and beyond the issue of how do i qualify for the best jobs possible. one of the statements that blew me away was, again, the paradox. you have latinos, you know, coming to this country, numbers that are unparallel. come together labor force. and yet something like 20% of latinos, which participate i think at 70% of the labor force. we have high participation rate even with the unemployment. we work. okay. that's a fact. but the real city that about 20% of them in management or business or science or technology-type of industries. and so if you continue the evolution of this economic

structure, are you getting these folks equipped and sophisticated not just as employees but economic agents? to me, i think we have to embrace new alternative method of education. so online education, community college being a place you can then give equipment, you know, of sophistication of financial literacy. that's a simple fact. that when you graduate from college, are you equipped to have credit cards and know what it takes to manage your credit? i mean, that's not just for educate -- that's for everybody. right. do you understand the implication of signing on to, you know, an adjustable rate mortgage. you want to own a home. we all do. it's the american dream. and latinos in particular want to own real estate. they over index in wanting to own real estate. are they equipped to understand the financial implications of that? we have to, as a community,

raise this conversation and say we need to educate ourself and be san francisco -- sophisticated economic agent. >> i'm struck by the conversation, one thing i'll make a brief point. i want to -- okay, okay, we'll get to everyone. we have a lot of time to get deep in to this. i hope everyone noticed that you can take latino out of everything we have discussed, and what we're discussing is american. >> it has dog in with latino in particular. that's not because we forgot what it says over there. but because i think that's the essence behalf we're talking about. we really are the mainstream and we have mainstream problems that need main strene solutions. >> so i think that while our colleagues said that government is too big, considering what happened over the last thirty

years, was successful at deregulating financial services in banking. we got rid of glass stegall to emerge with investment operation which is basically gambling with passenger's dollars. and so things went array. it there's actually, i have to say, there's actually a role for government, and there's a role for regulation, regulation in the marketplace; right? things went crazy. we need to actually restore order in the marketplace. and so dodd-frank was a financial regulation that was happened 2010, we have yet to actually fully implement. one of the things that came out of that was a consumer financial -- the consumer financial bureau, and it has done tremendous -- . >> which seeks to educate and

protect the consumer from -- . >> it's the consumer. it's a consumer-angle. throughout the history financial institutions and the banking sector had advocates and regulators that look at the interest and soundness of financial institutions. not necessarily of consumer. the agency's mission is to actually look after the interest of the consumer, and from that angle to issue regulation to education, do some research. they have done promulgate the number of good rules. particularly this year they began to issue -- around mortgages, credit cards, and there's been a number of personality. last week, or earlier this week, i'm sorry, there was a penalty added to larger insurance companies on mortgage kickback in this case were getting. aig was one of them. these are things that are happening that are good to restore order in financial

markets. everybody has a need to move money. you know, whether you are documented, undocumented, latino, non-latino. it's irrelevant. we are tied to a financial system that needs good rules of the road. >> is our problem too many rules or too few? >> i think it's always the interesting thing of how people like to characterize the republican party versus the democratic party. it's not like republican are anti-government -- like, they're not anarchist. they feel there needs to be regulation. there needs to be controls. there has to be a balance in that. of course, we need protect the consumers. but it's just there has to be a balance where people feel there isn't so much red tape so they can succeed. that's balance. i think what republicans a lot of times try is to make sure that there's enough regulation where there is safety in the

marketplace and safety for businesses. not so much you feel you can't move forward. and a lot of people, like, i talk to people all the time that sometimes there's too much. it's too complicated. there's 3,000 forms you center to -- when you are a small business business and you need tax attorney and this specialist, and this specialist to understand what the government wants do you do. that's overregulation of government. >> and let's remember, for historical sake it was bill clinton who signed the regulation bill. it's a bipartisan issue. and maybe and issue about crony capitalism thannish of regulation. >> i never said he was -- no. >> both parties got together to bring down the depression or . >> yeah. >> i think you're right on target there. emphasis again we're not really dealing about issues that can be only attributed to one party or other. indeed.

the glass stegall act was -- i think it's important not to forget that important fact. at the beginning you asked us to look at the next one hundred years. i believe it's worth it to look at the past one hundred years. there are a lot of things that we take for granted now. repeat on the day of -- [inaudible] not necessarily pass the test of revision in term of history. for example, i mean, the notion that we have too much government. go back, you know, to where were welet say between 1935 and 1975, the period with the nation generated more jobs than ever in the history. the time in which it was generated unbelievable numbers. thrfsz a hell a lot more government regulation back

then. as a matter of fact, tax policy between 1915 and 1985, went from 90% in the top bracket to 52% in the top bracket. we are talking about democrats and republicans here. my point simply is, many issues we need to really face the fact that we are dealing with a situation where we have seen systemic change in the economic law of the country. for example, it is very much accepted in the truth that although we have had seen growth like never before, just over the last thirty years, generation doesn't mess up. not much has been generated. for example, right now are enjoying liquidity more than ever before. there are no jobs generated not by the argument simply because it's too much regulation or

government. >> i would like to disagree a little bit with you in term of that period of time. only because i think the global objective conditions were so different; right. europe was on the knees, post war. japan was recovering, china was a fourth-world cunl. south africa under appar tide. brazil was a poor country. i wonder how -- i wonder if we lived a period of time in which the rest of the world on a relative basis was so much weaker we could be in inin essence take the republican argue, we could be -- the rest of the world was worse. >> i will respond you are correct. back then the relevance of nation states was far more accentuated than the case has been over the last thirty years. like wise, you know, we need to acknowledge the systemic problems we have endured in the u.s. are not unique to the united states of america.

they are very much also policy having great effect in many countries around the world. i think that the challenge for us as latinos, as a latino nation. i think we need to challenge ourself in a how can we be more creative in term of important solution than for the times we are having now. even the condition that are so different now than let's say thirty or forty years ago. the bot too many line is there are certain things we know definitely how do well. again, i insist, the -- that i'm talking about. there was growth like never before. we take pride of it it. the middle class didn't happen by accident. it happened because of public policy. look at one single policy, the homestead act creating a white middle class that never existed before in the united states of america. we need to look at that example. >> as we are talking about

regulation one of the regulation. i would like to get your point of view is obamacare. which is now coming out fruition, i guess going to be fully implemented by next year. >> in texas? >> in texas. [laughter] there are two schools of law. proponent of obamacare that will create essentially a vital base of safety for the american people so health is no longer an issue or health care complawz. we know that's the number one driver of personal bankruptcies. but then there's the other school of thought, that is massive amount of regulation, there some taxes that attached to it. i know you are -- you run a business. how do you see obamacare? how does it impact you? let's make believe you are not in texas. >> i have ninety five employees. that's a relatively small

business. that's a lot of folks i have to take care of. a lot of them get pregnant or sick. they need health care. they can be put in to foreclosure right away. i think it's important we have health care for all americans. latinos are the largest group that is un-- insured. fortunately in texas, our governor doesn't believe in health care for everybody. and he's trying to stop -- eventually have to because of economics. but when we look at the political system, the way you get government to respond to you is either by votes or money. in last year, the latino vote made a big difference. that's probably where we have the battle. that's probably why the republicans are discovered, latinos are -- beat up but -- [inaudible] [laughter] so i think -- [inaudible] you are welcome to stand up.

i think as we go forward, we need to make sure that register latino. we naturalize, turn them out to vote, and grow our businesses. we want health care for more small businesses, and groups then we need to be able to vote and make sure government response. if we want government to by lingual education so more children are set educate and join the are work force. we have to pressure the government to do that. latino can open up the own businesses in the united states, we need to be able to push so the sba open up the process or banks are forced to do that. i think that's how we make a change. health care is a big part of that. obviously you're thinking about have to -- some fashion. most of them have to implement obamacare. what is the bsh what is the bank account to your business. >> sure. >> what do you see going forward? >> it's a difficult issue for us. we start by the fact that

completely agree with what you said in terms of this is a community in america in general. we need health care. that's a fact. especially as we are -- [inaudible] and especially as graying and getting younger. it's kind of a paradox they would say. without a doubt, on the other hand, we have 6,000 employees. 6,000 employees. across all of our businesses. and obamacare has been an incredible issue of consonation for us. the health care costs that we are now incurring are incredible. they just are. and the conversations we have . >> with -- yeah. with this new law. and the conversations we have fundamentally. if the business is having issues, guess what? it's going to be harder for us to maintain the job count we want. it's harder to hire folks. those are reality we live with

as business owners; right? in our various industries. it's a difficult issue for us to just say, hey, we're excited that obamacare is here. orlando, you know, i have visited emergency rooms that have been acting as primary care physicians for, you know, los angeles. right. you want to go to chicago. go to an emergency room on saturday evening in a major urban center, that will be enough for you to say we need something to change. what is going on in cook county? what do you see obviously there's a problem from people in the health insurance, they are using most expensive and health mechanism problem. we can't afford that anymore. i'm not sure the status is still real at this point. they move around. it's my understanding that people who carry their own insurance or have insurance

through the companies are paying somewhere on average $12 00 per year extra in order to subsidize the emergency room. >> obamacare is a positive development to urban areas. for a long time, public health systems like cook county have provided services to everyone; including the undocumented. as should be the case with an institution that dedicated to caring for the most vulnerable population. we have lived up to that. having said that, the strained place on the public health system is very significant. one that is unsustainable but for some intervention. and obamacare. obamacare is enabling us to expand the number of individuals

who are covered by medicaid. thus ensuring for the first time that expenses and costs incurred by the county public health system will now be reimbursed giving us an opportunity to plan for the future to emphasize on primary care to prevent costly treatment at emergency room centers as we focus getting to people primary care services, educating the community about wellness. doing a lot more of the upfront care for people so it doesn't turn out to be as expensive. the other part of it is really important. that was obamacare is a progression moving forward to cover more people in the country who are uninsured or remain uninsured. less will be uninsured. however, the deal that was made with the devil to ensure passage of obamacare was the exclusion

of the undocumented 11 million people. they don't live in seclusion. they are not quarantined. they live with us. they are part of our communities. they are people that your daughter or son may marry tomorrow. we ought to be thinking about engaging in truly public health strategies that make the country the nation more healthy and wellness and have a system that is sustainable and healthy to the future. those are some of the paradoxes dealing with. is immigration reform going to deal whether or not people will become available for health care? if it doesn't, it will be a failure. it will guarantee that immigration reform will continue to be an issue that will pound away for the next decade. >> not to be too cold. the reality that 11 million people in the insurance pool, essentially spreads the risk even further. what do you say to xavier, t not

living in lala land. he needs to make a profit. his business will close down. 6,000 people will lose their job. what do you say to him? >> understand the both. predict the both. there are going to be pains incurred by stakeholders in the economy as we set out to move forward and seize to be the most powerful and industrial life country on the planet that doesn't have some form of social safety net as it relates to one of the most fundamental human rights on the planet. that is access to health care. did we get it right? completely? probably not. i think those are some of the difficulties i think we need to revisit health care and have an

honest debate how we ensure health care for all americans, particularly the most vulnerable populations. >> and obviously was a big issue in the campaign. obamacare being seen as job destroyer, taxes, some of the issues that xavier brought up. you know, you are a history person, the structure create by the heritage foundation as a rebuttal to hillary care in the 1990s. the conservative concept which became . >> romney in massachusetts. >> it was adopted by romney in massachusetts. >> right. >> and has been tested by the person you work for. what we understand the massachusetts model worked reasonably well. there's issues here and there. as they suggested been adjusting it. >> if it's not some -- first of

all asiding not you have to know. explain the paradox of having created a system which becomes unacceptable to the people who created it. what is the solution. >> i think some people at the heritage foundation would strategic. i think there's a big argument what they propose is nothing like obamacare. with governor romney you can invite him and have him speak. what he would say is that, again it's a state. you can't -- the country doesn't fit in a one size fits all model. there's different issues. i think beyond the big issue of obamacare it was kind of jammed through congress during those two years where democrats controlled every chamber and naimp was like we have to pass the bill before we know what's in it. there's a lot of unintended consequences. at love employers are having to -- what is the cap?

it's fifty? if you have over forty nine employees you have to provide health insurance. what is happening a lot of employers, because they can't afford to provide health care for everyone, they're putting all the people on part-time. instead of providing for full-time. a lot of people are losing their jobs or having part-time work and not being able to fulfill to pay basic necessity. it's in latino community working neighborhood even more because a lot of these jobs that's what they are. it's hurting them because of the unintended consequences when you try to jam a bill through congress, and you don't know how it's going to impact the community. >> if i may add. >> go ahead. >> well, i think the small businesses should say to the big businesses, stop shirking your responsibility to provide health care to people in this country. [applause] i mean, if you look at the model

and the scale of the impact that large employers have on cost, it would make such a huge difference walmart, the largest private employer in the world, the largest private employer in this country, provided health insurance to the employees, rather than give out applications to apply for public assistance and public health care, that's what they do. you have to have a model, and for a large employer to announce that as a result of the affordable care act, they are now going to drop workers' hours to below thirty in order to get out of paying them providing that. i think it's outrageous. there needs to be an outcry from the public to say big employers, set the example year. don't sabotage an effort that

was made. there are a lot of problems with affordable care act. i would be the first one to say it; however, we do have to give credit to president obama and the overwhelming majority of a latino support bureaucracy. you have to get credit to him to try to to something, to push something through. i think -- and i do agree with what my sister said. there are unintended consequences thought out to the degree they should have. i see a number of them. the thoughts we should have something in this country that actually provides health insurance for the majority of people was the right issue to push. this is what many people on the campaign trail said to him as a candidate. fix it. he set out to do it the

detriment of passing immigration reform possibly or other things. he set out to do something. i think employers, especially big employers should not sabotage this effort. should be doing everything they can to help this effort because they only worsening the problem. they have a big responsibility they are not living up to. >> let me follow up on that. i'll come back to you. what you just said sounded a lot like what mr. romney said that mr. obama won the election by giving out free stuff. since latino are the single beneficiary of obamacare because largest insured. is that fair? >> latinos don't free stuff. we work hard in this country. and we want jobs to continue to work hard. just like every other person. [applause] we don't want anything free. in fact, we have been denied

many, many things because of our immigration status for many years now. you know, when president clinton made certain changes that denied, you know, legal imgrants certain benefits public benefits. we don't want free stuff. we want to be able to work. we want to be able to work in a way that rewards us. the middle class in the country has to be rebuilt. i have faith that it is through the latino working class we are going to rebuild the middle class in this country. this nation cannot survive and move forward and progress based on low wage jobs. if today we had kept up an index the minimum wage, it would be at $12.50 an hour. if we had index of minimum wage and kept up with the average wage of the country, it should be $12.50 an hour.

that should be the government minimum wage. that's not what you need to live on. and we have to do something about that because we are growing and growing in low wage jobs and we are not growing in middle class jobs. and that's what we need. that's why investment in infrastructure is an investment in good jobs. that's why salvaging our public sector services, which we need, we take for granted our public sector services. they are a source of decent jobs for people. we have to do something to save our services, invest in infrastructure, we have to set the tone and the model for good paying jobs. bring our nation back to that instead of low wage poverty level jobs where people have to work two or three job. it's outrageous. i know, a woman who worked and

she she's undocumented. she works in recycling industry, she sorts our trash to keep the environment clean. she sorts the trash to separate out the recycling from what gets sent to the landfill. she gets below minimum wage. she has no benefits whatsoever. these are the kinds of jobs that exist in industry after industry. and it's wrong and we have to do something about it as a nation. [applause] ..

it's one step forward. we have to go further. we need universal health insurance in our nation. we will have more always facing, but the one thing obamacare omitted i think and communicated back to those who represent me is the cost of mechanisms that the legislation is. we have a cyst on his.there is inverse and paid a visit and for

procedures. such incentives are not aligned to keep this population health the. then i'll get reimbursed for keeping a healthy peers that get reimbursed for business, for procedures and therefore there is no cost containment mechanisms in that regard within the legislation. so yes we need to revisit, go further, how the public option. we should have a human right to house a house, education, dignity and the united dates of america. >> was a native countries that spends more money per year from healthcare services than any other nation in the plan that and yet we don't get off what is worse that sunny weekday. another way of saying that she